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1. |
[exp]
[uk]
▶ about ▶ on ▶ regarding ▶ concerning
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2. |
[exp]
[uk]
▶ per ▶ for every
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12. | A 2024-04-23 02:37:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
11. | A* 2024-04-23 01:09:05 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, prog |
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Comments: | I think に付いて should be dropped. Standard use of 付く surely accounts for the overwhelming majority of that n-gram count. I don't think the example on sense 2 is needed. |
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Diff: | @@ -7,4 +6,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>に付いて</keb> -<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -22,0 +19,3 @@ +<gloss>about</gloss> +<gloss>on</gloss> +<gloss>regarding</gloss> @@ -24 +22,0 @@ -<gloss>regarding</gloss> @@ -29 +27 @@ -<gloss>per (e.g. 100 yen per person)</gloss> +<gloss>per</gloss> |
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10. | A 2024-04-22 07:11:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I don't think に付いて[ needs to be visible. |
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Diff: | @@ -10 +10 @@ -<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> |
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9. | A* 2024-04-21 23:47:58 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | に就いて 331721 0.1% に就て 84446 0.0% に付いて 1475241 0.4% について 398114746 99.5% |
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Diff: | @@ -6,5 +6 @@ -<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>に就て</keb> -<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,0 +11,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>に就て</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> |
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8. | A 2016-10-13 21:55:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
(show/hide 7 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
[hist]
▶ silent movie narrator
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3. | A 2024-04-22 18:33:26 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2023-03-18 20:05:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | GG5 |
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Diff: | @@ -20 +20,2 @@ -<gloss>narrator in Japanese silent cinema</gloss> +<misc>&hist;</misc> +<gloss>silent movie narrator</gloss> |
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1. | A* 2023-03-18 19:53:11 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Probably [hist]? Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 活弁 │ 22,655 │ 99.7% │ │ 活辯 │ 78 │ 0.3% │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ かつべん │ 337 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>活辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
▶ pardon ▶ forgiveness ▶ forbearance |
4. | A 2024-04-22 18:40:35 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2023-03-18 08:20:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
2. | A* 2023-03-18 06:13:09 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────────╮ │ 勘弁 │ 1,739,627 │ │ 勘辨 │ 299 │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo) │ かんべん │ 81,126 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>勘辨</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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1. | A 2021-11-18 00:35:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
▶ insisting (unreasonably) ▶ obstinate insistence ▶ far-fetched argument ▶ arguing against all reason |
6. | A 2024-04-24 05:04:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
5. | A* 2024-04-23 22:15:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, prog, chujiten |
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Diff: | @@ -23,0 +24,2 @@ +<gloss>far-fetched argument</gloss> +<gloss>arguing against all reason</gloss> |
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4. | A 2024-04-22 18:32:27 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2023-03-18 20:06:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
2. | A* 2023-03-18 19:48:44 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 強弁 │ 48,806 │ 99.5% │ │ 強辯 │ 242 │ 0.5% │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ きょうべん │ 556 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>強辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
[rare]
▶ eloquence |
2. | A 2024-04-22 18:06:58 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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1. | A 2021-12-08 09:20:35 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 口辯 No matches 口弁 246 |
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Comments: | mk |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>口辯</keb> @@ -11,0 +15 @@ +<misc>&obsc;</misc> |
1. |
[n,vs,vi]
▶ protest ▶ refutation ▶ pleading |
2. | A 2024-04-22 18:33:05 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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1. | A 2021-12-08 09:19:40 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | mk 抗弁 72728 抗辯 77 |
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Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>抗辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -16,0 +21 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
{philosophy}
▶ speculation |
4. | A 2024-04-22 07:18:51 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūjitai |
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Diff: | @@ -9 +9 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2023-03-18 21:53:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
2. | A* 2023-03-18 20:20:52 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Sankoku and obunsha have (哲) tags. Meikyo: 哲学で、… Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 思弁 │ 18,778 │ 99.6% │ │ 思辨 │ 70 │ 0.4% │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo) │ しべん │ 1,179 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>思辨</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -13,0 +18 @@ +<field>&phil;</field> |
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1. | A 2021-11-18 00:55:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
1. |
[n]
▶ place ▶ spot ▶ space |
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2. |
[n]
▶ field ▶ discipline ▶ sphere ▶ realm |
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3. |
[n]
▶ occasion ▶ situation
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4. |
[n]
▶ scene (of a play, movie, etc.) |
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5. |
[n]
{stock market}
▶ session |
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6. |
[n]
{card games}
▶ field ▶ table ▶ area in which cards are laid out
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7. |
[n]
{mahjong}
▶ round (east, south, etc.)
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8. |
[n]
{physics}
▶ field |
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9. |
[n]
{psychology}
▶ field (in Gestalt psychology) |
17. | A 2024-04-22 22:06:44 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Now that sense 06 has the new "card games" tag, the bit in parentheses doesn't seem necessary. |
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Diff: | @@ -45 +45 @@ -<gloss>area in which cards are laid out (in a card game)</gloss> +<gloss>area in which cards are laid out</gloss> |
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16. | A 2024-01-22 20:00:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
15. | A* 2024-01-22 19:03:33 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | This seems like the kind of info we'd normally put in parentheses |
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Diff: | @@ -62,2 +62 @@ -<s_inf>in Gestalt psychology</s_inf> -<gloss>field</gloss> +<gloss>field (in Gestalt psychology)</gloss> |
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14. | A 2023-12-11 23:07:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
13. | A* 2023-12-11 22:20:03 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I don't think the mahjong sense needs so many cross references. |
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Diff: | @@ -51,2 +50,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2750550">西場</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2750560">北場</xref> |
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(show/hide 12 older log entries) |
1. |
[conj]
[uk]
▶ that is (to say) ▶ namely ▶ i.e. |
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2. |
[conj]
[uk]
▶ precisely ▶ exactly ▶ just ▶ nothing but ▶ neither more nor less |
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3. |
[conj]
[uk]
《as 〜ばすなわち...; indicates that what follows is a natural consequence》 ▶ (and) then |
8. | A 2024-04-22 00:35:35 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Kanjipedia and gendai reikai have 便ち 便ち 2,875 |
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Diff: | @@ -19,0 +20,4 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>便ち</keb> |
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7. | A 2024-04-21 23:52:50 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | https://www.jlect.com/entry/2183/tsunawachi すなわち 3251456 100.0% つなわち 109 0.0%/ |
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Diff: | @@ -26,0 +27,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>つなわち</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> |
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6. | A 2022-09-09 20:42:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
5. | A* 2022-09-09 13:51:31 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, daij, meikyo |
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Comments: | Added senses. |
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Diff: | @@ -29 +28,0 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -32 +31 @@ -<gloss>that is</gloss> +<gloss>that is (to say)</gloss> @@ -34,0 +34,15 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&conj;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>precisely</gloss> +<gloss>exactly</gloss> +<gloss>just</gloss> +<gloss>nothing but</gloss> +<gloss>neither more nor less</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&conj;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<s_inf>as 〜ばすなわち...; indicates that what follows is a natural consequence</s_inf> +<gloss>(and) then</gloss> |
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4. | A 2022-09-08 21:07:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
(show/hide 3 older log entries) |
1. |
[n,adj-na]
▶ talkativeness ▶ loquacity ▶ garrulousness ▶ volubility |
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2. |
[adj-no]
{botany}
▶ polypetalous |
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3. |
[adj-no]
{zoology}
▶ multivalve |
5. | A 2024-04-22 18:07:56 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 辯 form is mentioned by meikyo, smk, gendai reikai |
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Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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4. | A 2022-05-07 21:31:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
3. | A* 2022-05-07 17:10:28 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts 58,189 88.3% 多弁 342 0.5% 多辯 7,369 11.2% たべん |
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Diff: | @@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2018-10-30 00:19:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2018-10-28 22:19:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, daijs |
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Comments: | Added senses. |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>多辯</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -14,0 +18 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -16 +20,6 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>talkativeness</gloss> +<gloss>loquacity</gloss> +<gloss>garrulousness</gloss> +<gloss>volubility</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> @@ -18,2 +27,7 @@ -<gloss>talkativeness</gloss> -<gloss>verbosity</gloss> +<field>⊥</field> +<gloss>polypetalous</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<field>&zool;</field> +<gloss>multivalve</gloss> |
1. |
[n]
▶ foolish tale ▶ nonsense |
3. | A 2024-04-22 18:36:36 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -9 +9 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2023-03-18 20:08:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2023-03-18 20:03:30 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 駄弁 │ 31,696 │ 99.9% │ │ 駄辯 │ 30 │ 0.1% │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo) │ だべん │ 1,241 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>駄辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
1. |
[n]
▶ most important work (of a writer, artist, etc.) ▶ representative work ▶ masterpiece ▶ magnum opus ▶ major work |
4. | A 2024-04-23 00:08:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | RP |
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Comments: | May as well include it. |
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Diff: | @@ -18,0 +19,2 @@ +<gloss>magnum opus</gloss> +<gloss>major work</gloss> |
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3. | A* 2024-04-22 16:18:44 | |
Comments: | would "major work" be an apt translation for this? seems natural at least in the context of wikipedia infoboxes ran into "代表作もないイメージだけの年増女優" where it seems to fit too |
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2. | A 2017-07-15 01:25:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2017-07-13 17:17:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, daij |
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Comments: | Trying to make it clearer that this isn't just a synonym for 傑作. |
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Diff: | @@ -15,0 +16,2 @@ +<gloss>most important work (of a writer, artist, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>representative work</gloss> @@ -17 +18,0 @@ -<gloss>representative work</gloss> |
1. |
(代弁,代辯 only)
[n,vs,vt]
▶ speaking by proxy ▶ speaking for (someone else) ▶ acting as spokesman (for) ▶ representing (the views, feelings, etc. of) |
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2. |
(代弁,代辨 only)
[n,vs,vt]
▶ payment by proxy ▶ compensation by proxy ▶ paying on behalf (of) |
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3. |
(代弁,代辨 only)
[n,vs,vt]
▶ acting for (someone else) ▶ carrying out (on someone's behalf) |
5. | A 2024-04-22 18:05:10 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> @@ -16 +16 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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4. | A 2022-01-15 08:42:56 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 代弁 305592 代辨 No matches 代辯 126 |
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Diff: | @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,0 +16 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2021-11-06 03:59:15 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | meikyo |
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Diff: | @@ -26,0 +27 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -36,0 +38 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -45,0 +48 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
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2. | A 2018-08-15 04:43:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 代弁 305592 代辨 < 20 代辯 126 |
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Comments: | Almost not worth listing them. |
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1. | A* 2018-08-14 18:59:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | daij, gg5, prog |
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Comments: | Splitting into senses. The kokugos have a separate entry for sense 3 to avoid these kanji restrictions. |
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Diff: | @@ -9,0 +10,6 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>代辨</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>代辯</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -16,0 +23,2 @@ +<stagk>代弁</stagk> +<stagk>代辯</stagk> @@ -19,3 +27,21 @@ -<gloss>pay by proxy</gloss> -<gloss>act for another</gloss> -<gloss>speak for another</gloss> +<gloss>speaking by proxy</gloss> +<gloss>speaking for (someone else)</gloss> +<gloss>acting as spokesman (for)</gloss> +<gloss>representing (the views, feelings, etc. of)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagk>代弁</stagk> +<stagk>代辨</stagk> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>payment by proxy</gloss> +<gloss>compensation by proxy</gloss> +<gloss>paying on behalf (of)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagk>代弁</stagk> +<stagk>代辨</stagk> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>acting for (someone else)</gloss> +<gloss>carrying out (on someone's behalf)</gloss> |
1. |
[n]
▶ spokesperson ▶ speaker (for someone) ▶ mouthpiece ▶ voice (e.g. for the ordinary citizen) |
3. | A 2024-04-22 18:06:20 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 代弁者 │ 71,445 │ 99.8% │ │ 代辯者 │ 69 │ 0.1% │ - oK (daijr) │ だいべんしゃ │ 53 │ 0.1% │ ╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2018-08-14 23:11:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2018-08-14 20:23:25 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, daijr |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>代辯者</keb> @@ -12 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>spokesman</gloss> +<gloss>spokesperson</gloss> +<gloss>speaker (for someone)</gloss> @@ -13,0 +18 @@ +<gloss>voice (e.g. for the ordinary citizen)</gloss> |
1. |
[n,vs,vi]
▶ response ▶ reply ▶ answer ▶ defence ▶ defense |
4. | A 2024-04-22 18:34:02 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2022-12-08 05:46:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
2. | A* 2022-12-08 04:39:26 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 答弁 │ 1,968,458 │ 99.8% │ │ 答辯 │ 3,715 │ 0.2% │ 🡠 adding (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ とうべん │ 1,445 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>答辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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1. | A 2021-11-18 01:19:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> |
1. |
[n]
▶ impassioned speech ▶ fervent speech |
6. | A 2024-04-22 18:33:48 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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5. | A 2022-08-07 04:25:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
4. | A* 2022-08-06 17:44:54 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 熱弁 │ 111,396 │ 99.9% │ │ 熱辯 │ 20 │ 0.0% │ 🡠 adding (daijs, meikyo) │ ねつべん │ 90 │ 0.1% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>熱辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2021-12-16 03:21:44 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Not seeing how this is adj-no |
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Diff: | @@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> |
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2. | A 2020-05-04 23:59:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | GG5, etc. |
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(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
《from the nickname of a Meiji-period greengrocer who would purposely lose at Go》 ▶ match fixing ▶ put-up job ▶ fixed game |
6. | A 2024-04-23 00:06:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
5. | A* 2024-04-22 22:13:37 Marcus Richert | |
Refs: | daijs https://japanknowledge.com/articles/blognihongo/entry.html?entryid=44 |
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Comments: | I was confused by this word for the longest time until I looked up.the etymology, because how close it was to 八百屋. I think having an etym note helps. |
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Diff: | @@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<s_inf>from the nickname of a Meiji-period greengrocer who would purposely lose at Go</s_inf> |
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4. | A 2024-04-22 07:05:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
3. | A* 2024-04-22 02:44:10 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Not marked as a する-verb in the kokugos or gg5. Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 八百長 │ 253,734 │ 98.4% │ │ 八百長し │ 3,298 │ 1.3% │ │ 八百長する │ 918 │ 0.4% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -16,2 +15,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<pos>&vs;</pos> |
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2. | A 2011-06-10 04:38:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | GG5, Eijiro, etc. |
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Diff: | @@ -16,0 +16,2 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> |
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(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[adv]
[uk]
▶ suddenly ▶ casually ▶ accidentally ▶ incidentally ▶ unexpectedly ▶ unintentionally |
9. | A 2024-04-22 21:20:59 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Correction: 圖 is the old form of 図. All the same. |
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8. | A 2024-04-22 20:58:26 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Most kokugos only mention 不図. I see 不斗 mentioned in daijr/s, but not its old form 不圖. Since it's rare and old, we can hide it. |
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Diff: | @@ -16,2 +16 @@ -<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> |
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7. | A 2021-11-06 07:16:01 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 不図 4294 不斗 140 不圖 368 ふと 6285523 |
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Diff: | @@ -7 +7 @@ -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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6. | A 2016-11-20 06:34:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Forcing a "P" tag. |
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Diff: | @@ -6,0 +7 @@ +<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> |
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5. | A 2011-08-18 00:47:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Yes, far too many counter-examples to sustain that teacher's opinion. |
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(show/hide 4 older log entries) |
1. |
(弁,辯 only)
[n]
▶ speech ▶ tongue ▶ talk ▶ eloquence |
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2. |
(弁,辯 only)
[n-suf]
▶ dialect ▶ brogue ▶ accent |
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3. |
(弁,辨 only)
[n]
[abbr]
▶ bento ▶ [expl] Japanese box lunch
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4. |
(弁,瓣 only)
[n]
▶ petal
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5. |
(弁,瓣 only)
[n]
▶ valve |
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6. |
(弁,辨 only)
[n]
[hist]
▶ Oversight Department ▶ [expl] division of the daijokan under the ritsuryō system responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices
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5. | A 2024-04-22 20:59:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
4. | A* 2024-04-22 19:15:46 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Dropping [adj-no] from sense 05. Adding [hist] tag to sense 06 and adding an [expl] gloss tag. |
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Diff: | @@ -63 +62,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -71,0 +71 @@ +<misc>&hist;</misc> @@ -73 +73 @@ -<gloss>division of the daijokan under the ritsuryō system responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">division of the daijokan under the ritsuryō system responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices</gloss> |
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3. | A 2021-11-20 05:42:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | ritsuryo conversion -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -73 +73 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">division of the daijokan under the ritsuryo system responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices</gloss> +<gloss>division of the daijokan under the ritsuryō system responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices</gloss> |
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2. | A 2014-04-02 17:58:55 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | ugly, but acceptable |
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1. | A* 2014-04-01 22:46:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Koj, Daijr, GG5, etc. etc. |
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Comments: | Merging 2251140 and 2251160. Expanding glosses a bit. Taking a punt on the useful order. Most refs break these into 3 entries, but with our policy of combining if the kanji & reading are the same, a merge is appropriate. |
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Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13,8 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>瓣</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辨</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -18,0 +27,2 @@ +<stagk>弁</stagk> +<stagk>辯</stagk> @@ -20,0 +31,3 @@ +<gloss>tongue</gloss> +<gloss>talk</gloss> +<gloss>eloquence</gloss> @@ -22,0 +36,2 @@ +<stagk>弁</stagk> +<stagk>辯</stagk> @@ -24,0 +40,34 @@ +<gloss>brogue</gloss> +<gloss>accent</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagk>弁</stagk> +<stagk>辨</stagk> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1513060">弁当・べんとう</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>bento</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">Japanese box lunch</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagk>弁</stagk> +<stagk>瓣</stagk> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1194520">花弁・はなびら</xref> +<gloss>petal</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagk>弁</stagk> +<stagk>瓣</stagk> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>valve</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagk>弁</stagk> +<stagk>辨</stagk> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2250570">太政官・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2251150">弁官</xref> +<gloss>Oversight Department</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">division of the daijokan under the ritsuryo system responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices</gloss> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
▶ explanation (e.g. for one's actions) ▶ excuse ▶ justification ▶ defense ▶ defence |
10. | A 2024-04-22 18:25:32 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | It's a kyūji, so [oK] was appropriate. |
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Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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9. | A 2023-02-09 05:16:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
8. | A* 2023-02-08 22:13:40 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 弁解 │ 194,364 │ 99.8% │ │ 辯解 │ 364 │ 0.2% │ - oK to rK (daijs, meikyo) │ べんかい │ 1,840 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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7. | A 2021-11-18 00:35:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
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6. | A 2017-07-25 00:48:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
(show/hide 5 older log entries) |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
▶ defense ▶ defence ▶ pleading ▶ advocacy |
2. | A 2024-04-22 18:26:01 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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1. | A 2021-12-07 08:31:22 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | mk 辯護 prob rK? |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辯護</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -18,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
1. |
[n]
▶ eloquence ▶ oratorical talent |
3. | A 2024-04-22 18:21:46 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2023-03-15 08:24:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2023-03-15 07:03:04 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 弁才 │ 3,537 │ 88.7% │ │ 辯才 │ 450 │ 11.3% │ - add (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ べんさい │ 2,269 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辯才</keb> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
▶ repayment ▶ settlement (of a debt) ▶ paying off ▶ reimbursement (of expenses) |
5. | A 2024-04-22 07:24:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
4. | A* 2024-04-22 07:12:10 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 辨 is a kyūjitai. I assume that it gets displayed in the kokugos (unlike most kyūjitai forms) because 弁 has multiple old forms, so it's not a trivial switch. https://www.kanjipedia.jp/kanji/0006281500 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────╮ │ 弁済 │ 294,547 │ │ 辨済 │ 0 │ - oK (meikyo, gendai reikai, mentioned in a note in smk) │ べんさい │ 2,269 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2021-11-18 00:47:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
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2. | A 2018-03-29 23:42:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2018-03-29 10:48:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, prog, daij |
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Comments: | Clearer. |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辨済</keb> @@ -19,2 +22,4 @@ -<gloss>settlement</gloss> -<gloss>payment</gloss> +<gloss>repayment</gloss> +<gloss>settlement (of a debt)</gloss> +<gloss>paying off</gloss> +<gloss>reimbursement (of expenses)</gloss> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
▶ compensation ▶ indemnification ▶ reparation ▶ restitution ▶ recompense |
6. | A 2024-04-22 18:41:28 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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5. | A 2022-11-10 05:42:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
4. | A* 2022-11-10 02:38:55 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────╮ │ 弁償 │ 312,724 │ │ 辨償 │ 106 │ 🡠 adding (daijs, meikyo) │ べんしょう │ 1,301 │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辨償</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2022-05-02 11:50:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
2. | A* 2022-05-02 10:19:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, ルミナス, ジーニアス |
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Diff: | @@ -20 +19,0 @@ -<gloss>reimbursement</gloss> @@ -21,0 +21 @@ +<gloss>indemnification</gloss> @@ -23 +23,2 @@ -<gloss>indemnity</gloss> +<gloss>restitution</gloss> +<gloss>recompense</gloss> |
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(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
▶ dialectic proof |
4. | A 2024-04-22 18:43:27 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | 辨 and 辯 are both kyūjitai of 弁 |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> @@ -12 +13 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2022-11-14 14:52:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, daij |
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Diff: | @@ -21,2 +21 @@ -<gloss>demonstration</gloss> -<gloss>proof</gloss> +<gloss>dialectic proof</gloss> |
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2. | A* 2022-11-13 11:09:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 弁証 21870 87.4% 辯証 158 0.6% <= Daijs, WaDoku 辨証 1687 6.7% <= Daijs, WaDoku べんしょう 1301 5.2% |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,7 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辨証</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辯証</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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1. | A 2021-11-18 00:35:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
1. |
[n]
▶ speech ▶ eloquence ▶ manner of speaking ▶ manner of expression |
4. | A 2024-04-22 18:23:10 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────╮ │ 弁舌 │ 27,965 │ │ 辯舌 │ 92 │ - oK (meikyo, mentioned in smk) │ べんぜつ │ 106 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2018-12-09 16:20:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | This is probably a better gloss. |
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Diff: | @@ -24 +24 @@ -<gloss>way of saying</gloss> +<gloss>manner of expression</gloss> |
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2. | A 2018-12-09 06:27:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2018-12-08 23:56:31 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | daijs, meikyo (辯舌) gg5, prog |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辯舌</keb> @@ -18,0 +22,3 @@ +<gloss>eloquence</gloss> +<gloss>manner of speaking</gloss> +<gloss>way of saying</gloss> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
[form]
▶ excuse ▶ plea ▶ defense ▶ defence |
4. | A 2024-04-22 18:22:25 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2023-03-18 20:11:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | OK |
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2. | A* 2023-03-18 20:08:12 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Meikyo has a (文) tag Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────╮ │ 弁疏 │ 332 │ │ 辯疏 │ 0 │ - add (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ べんそ │ 2,237 │ ╰─ーーー─┴───────╯ |
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Comments: | Not sure if an [rK] tag is needed on such a rare term |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辯疏</keb> @@ -13,0 +17 @@ +<misc>&form;</misc> |
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1. | A 2021-11-18 00:35:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
▶ distinguishing ▶ distinction ▶ discrimination ▶ telling apart |
6. | A 2024-04-22 18:41:43 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -9 +9 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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5. | A 2023-03-18 20:08:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
4. | A* 2023-03-18 19:47:36 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 弁別 │ 46,081 │ 99.5% │ │ 辨別 │ 225 │ 0.5% │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ べんべつ │ 203 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辨別</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2021-11-18 00:47:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
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2. | A 2013-09-13 03:49:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
{anatomy}
▶ valve (of the heart and the veins) |
6. | A 2024-04-22 18:00:09 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -9 +9 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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5. | A 2023-03-18 21:53:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
4. | A* 2023-03-18 20:44:09 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────╮ │ 弁膜 │ 39,184 │ │ 瓣膜 │ 0 │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ べんまく │ 165 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>瓣膜</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2017-07-31 09:47:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
2. | A* 2017-07-30 13:51:33 Johan Råde <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>valve (in the heart and the veins)</gloss> +<gloss>valve (of the heart and the veins)</gloss> |
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(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
▶ commissioner |
3. | A 2024-04-22 18:41:58 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2023-03-18 20:26:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2023-03-18 20:24:44 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────╮ │ 弁務官 │ 43,685 │ │ 辨務官 │ 0 │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo, obunsha, mentioned in smk) │ べんむかん │ 28 │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辨務官</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
[rare]
▶ management ▶ disposition ▶ handling |
6. | A 2024-04-22 07:14:59 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūjitai |
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Diff: | @@ -9 +9 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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5. | A 2023-03-19 19:54:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
4. | A* 2023-03-19 17:52:20 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | daij, meikyo 弁理 362,635 弁理士 359,117 弁理し 39 |
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Comments: | Almost all the n-grams come from 弁理士. Not in sankoku or the JEs. |
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Diff: | @@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<misc>&rare;</misc> @@ -18,0 +20,2 @@ +<gloss>disposition</gloss> +<gloss>handling</gloss> |
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3. | A 2023-03-18 21:50:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
2. | A* 2023-03-18 20:17:15 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 弁理 │ 362,721 │ 99.9% │ │ 辨理 │ 189 │ 0.1% │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo, obunsha, mentioned in smk) │ べんり │ 117,712 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ |
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Comments: | Just when I thought I was finished adding 辯 forms, I noticed a bunch of 辨 forms |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辨理</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
{grammar}
▶ irrealis form (of Japanese verbs and adjectives; used with auxiliaries to form negative, causative, passive and volitional constructions) |
12. | A 2024-04-25 21:08:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Pity it can't be shorter, but I think that works. |
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11. | A* 2024-04-25 18:38:10 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Kana (and kanji) can only be used in notes. Not sure it's needed here. Here's my attempt. |
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Diff: | @@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>irrealis form (conjugation used to connect to certain auxiliares, e.g. ~う, ~よう, ~ない, ~ぬ, ~せる, etc)</gloss> +<gloss>irrealis form (of Japanese verbs and adjectives; used with auxiliaries to form negative, causative, passive and volitional constructions)</gloss> |
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10. | A* 2024-04-25 06:51:26 Non | |
Comments: | This kind of puts us back where we were: "of verbs preceding nai" implicates that it is the -a ending stem for godan and the -i ending stem for suru class, and also that 未然形 is a term used for the irrealis form of verbs only. I must also raise the concern that I am not sure how many will actually identify this gloss with those stems, and how many will think it is some other, unheard of inflection that can be done to verbs connected to ない. Now, do correct me if I am wrong: it seems to me that by relating 未然形 to -nai you hope to give readers a brief understanding of what it is, but we cannot really do that like this or else we will be giving them a wrong definition of it. For example, the definition of the 連用形 as the -masu stem could be said to be a misnomer given its array of other uses, but it has the sizeable benefit of being a widely-known term that is able to locate all instances of a 連用形. That is not the case with the 未然形, calling it the -nai stem and trying to identify it through ~ない will not be able to return 良かろ~う, あろ~う, せ~ぬ, しょ~う or さ~せる; it only identifies a fraction of the 未然形 and it also suggests the fraction to be the whole. From here, I think we have 3 options: 1. We leave it as it is, giving them a brief but incomplete and unfortunately inaccurate understanding of the term. 2. Decrease the information: Inform nothing of its use or identification, only of what it is conceptually and leave a translation. This is what I proposed, I think this enables the reader to research the term on their own, avoiding the potential maluses of the first option - or at the very least making so that any misconceptions by the reader will not have this as their origin. 3. Increase the information: expand the gloss so that the scope of the term is clearer. The third is what I am now putting forth. I have made it as short as I could due to the preference for short entries, but I think that less in not necessarily better depending on what the goal is, someone reading this proposal will probably still have questions after reading it, but at least they are unlikely to take from it a wrong answer - which I think is the problem with the previous entries. In any case, the proposal: Expand upon identification by auxiliary with additional auxiliaries that can identify the rest of the 未然形. If the entry for one of these auxiliaries has a note on stem-connection, a cross-reference could be added here to supplement this. Though, presently, some of them have no such notes and those that do are incomplete. よう Could be discarded depending on which understanding of ましょう, しょう, etc. we are going with. |
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Diff: | @@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>irrealis form (of verbs preceding nai)</gloss> +<gloss>irrealis form (conjugation used to connect to certain auxiliares, e.g. ~う, ~よう, ~ない, ~ぬ, ~せる, etc)</gloss> |
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9. | A* 2024-04-23 01:06:17 | |
Comments: | I think "verbs preceding nai" is very hard to understand. |
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8. | A 2024-04-23 00:35:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | GG5: 【国文法】 a form of a verb preceding nai; a form of 「a verb [an adjective] preceding the auxiliary verb u. ルミナス: 〔文法〕 conjugated form where an incomplete action is connoted Wiktionary: (grammar) a Japanese verbal inflectional category: the irrealis form - Indicates that something has not yet happened, or not yet begun. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_grammar#Stem_forms |
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Comments: | Our glosses of the other grammatical XX形: 已然形 realis form (of verbs and adjectives in classical Japanese); perfective form 仮定形 hypothetical form (of verbs and adjectives in modern Japanese); conditional form 終止形 plain form (of a Japanese verb or adjective); dictionary form; predicative form 命令形 imperative form; command 連用形 continuative form (of a Japanese verb or adjective); conjunctive form; masu stem (of a verb) 連体形 attributive form (of a Japanese verb or adjective) --- I agree it's not the stem itself, and the "imperfective form" is a bit misleading. I think the mention of "nai" helps. |
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Diff: | @@ -13,2 +13 @@ -<gloss>irrealis form</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">one of the six conjugations in japanese</gloss> +<gloss>irrealis form (of verbs preceding nai)</gloss> |
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(show/hide 7 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
[arch]
▶ incoherent talk |
5. | D 2024-04-29 02:29:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
4. | A 2024-04-29 02:29:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Yield. |
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3. | A* 2024-04-25 01:01:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Not in daijr/s. 0 n-grams. No hits in Aozora. I don't think there's any value in recording extremely obscure archaisms like this. |
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2. | A 2024-04-23 00:01:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | In Koj, so I'd keep it. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-22 18:50:19 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Only koj, nikk Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーー─┬───╮ │ 妄弁 │ 0 │ │ 妄辯 │ 0 │ - add, oK (nikk) ╰─ーー─┴───╯ Kyoto/Melbourne N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーー─┬───╮ │ 妄弁 │ 0 │ │ 妄辯 │ 0 │ ╰─ーー─┴───╯ |
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Comments: | Probably archaic. Might be better to just delete this entry than to guess. |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>妄辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> @@ -11,0 +16 @@ +<misc>&arch;</misc> |
1. |
[n,adj-na]
▶ eloquence ▶ fluency (of speech) |
4. | A 2024-04-22 18:36:22 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2023-03-19 17:30:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, luminous |
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Diff: | @@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -20,2 +20,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>oratory</gloss> @@ -22,0 +22 @@ +<gloss>fluency (of speech)</gloss> |
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2. | A 2023-03-18 20:06:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2023-03-18 19:49:35 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 雄弁 │ 109,401 │ 99.8% │ │ 雄辯 │ 240 │ 0.2% │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ ゆうべん │ 416 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>雄辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
1. |
[n]
▶ sophistry ▶ sophism |
7. | A 2024-04-22 18:34:57 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | 詭辯: [rK] -> [oK] |
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Diff: | @@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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6. | A 2022-11-10 20:15:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | OK |
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5. | A* 2022-11-10 12:16:18 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Koj also has "俗に「奇弁」とも書く". As 奇 and 危 are not variants of 詭, I think they should be visible. |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,2 @@ +<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>nf42</ke_pri> @@ -13,3 +15 @@ -<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> -<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>nf42</ke_pri> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -19 +19 @@ -<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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4. | A 2022-11-09 05:51:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
3. | A* 2022-11-09 02:50:59 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Meikyo says 奇弁 is (was?) used in newspapers as 代用字. Daijs says 危弁 only applies in the academic / philosophical sense. Doesn't seem to be worth the trouble of adding an extra sense and sense restrictions. Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 詭弁 │ 203,605 │ 99.3% │ │ 奇弁 │ 1,091 │ 0.5% │ 🡠 sK (only shinmeikai has this as a headword; also mentioned in daijs) │ 詭辯 │ 321 │ 0.2% │ 🡠 oK to rK (daijs, meikyo) │ 危弁 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ 🡠 sK (mentioned in daijs and meikyo) │ きべん │ 5,224 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +<keb>詭辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -8,0 +13 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -13,4 +17,0 @@ -<keb>詭辯</keb> -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> @@ -17,0 +19 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> |
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(show/hide 2 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
[uk]
▶ seahorse ▶ sea horse
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6. | A 2024-04-22 21:00:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
5. | A* 2024-04-22 19:54:32 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Moving タツノオトシゴ up in order (see n-gram counts below). Adding [oK] tag to the 龍 form. Dropping [exp] tag (I don't think plant/animal names like キノコ count as expressions). |
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Diff: | @@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>龍の落とし子</keb> +<keb>竜の落とし子</keb> @@ -8 +8,2 @@ -<keb>竜の落とし子</keb> +<keb>龍の落とし子</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> @@ -19,3 +19,0 @@ -<reb>たつのおとしご</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -24,0 +23,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>たつのおとしご</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -26 +26,0 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos> |
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4. | A 2023-04-04 20:40:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -25,0 +26 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> |
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3. | A* 2023-04-04 19:24:54 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 龍の落とし子 │ 3,058 │ 4.9% │ - add │ 竜の落とし子 │ 1,310 │ 2.1% │ │ 龍の落し子 │ 399 │ 0.6% │ - add, sK │ 竜の落し子 │ 125 │ 0.2% │ - sK │ タツノオトシゴ │ 50,545 │ 81.4% │ │ たつのおとしご │ 6,634 │ 10.7% │ ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>龍の落とし子</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -7,0 +11,4 @@ +<keb>龍の落し子</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -8,0 +16 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2018-11-05 20:02:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
{archeology}
▶ magatama ▶ [expl] comma-shaped bead from prehistoric Japan, usually made of jade
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8. | A 2024-04-22 20:57:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 勾玉 163243 93.2% まが玉 7715 4.4% 曲玉 4238 2.4% |
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Diff: | @@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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7. | A* 2024-04-22 11:59:39 Nikolai Vavilov <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | N-gram |
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Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>まが玉</keb> |
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6. | A 2021-06-20 05:37:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
5. | A* 2021-06-20 01:08:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | "comma-shaped jewel" is essentially an expl gloss. |
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Diff: | @@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<field>&archeol;</field> @@ -20,2 +21 @@ -<gloss>comma-shaped jewel</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">prehistoric bead often made of jade</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">comma-shaped bead from prehistoric Japan, usually made of jade</gloss> |
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4. | A 2021-06-18 12:08:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
(show/hide 3 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
▶ Benten (goddess of arts and wisdom) |
3. | A 2024-04-22 18:15:10 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> @@ -15 +15 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2023-01-25 03:07:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2023-01-25 02:49:09 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 弁天 │ 316,893 │ 98.3% │ │ 辨天 │ 2,744 │ 0.9% │ - adding (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ 辯天 │ 2,634 │ 0.8% │ - adding (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ べんてん │ 32,307 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,8 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辨天</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辯天</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
1. |
[n]
▶ ardor ▶ enthusiasm
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1. | A 2024-04-22 02:16:14 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 意気込み │ 934,508 │ 99.4% │ │ 意気ごみ │ 2,694 │ 0.3% │ - add, sK │ いきごみ │ 2,849 │ 0.3% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>意気ごみ</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
▶ paying one's own expenses
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4. | A 2024-04-22 07:21:17 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 辨 is also mentioned in a note in smk |
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Comments: | It's a kyūji. |
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Diff: | @@ -9 +9 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2023-03-18 20:25:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
2. | A* 2023-03-18 20:21:58 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────╮ │ 自弁 │ 7,160 │ │ 自辨 │ 0 │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo) │ じべん │ 10,183 │ ╰─ーーー─┴────────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>自辨</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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1. | A 2021-11-18 00:55:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
[form]
▶ payment ▶ defrayal ▶ disbursement |
4. | A 2024-04-22 07:19:19 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūjitai |
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Diff: | @@ -9 +9 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2023-03-18 08:19:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
2. | A* 2023-03-18 06:18:08 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Meikyo has a (文) tag Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 支弁 │ 331,865 │ 99.9% │ │ 支辨 │ 175 │ 0.1% │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo) │ しべん │ 1,179 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>支辨</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -13,0 +18 @@ +<misc>&form;</misc> |
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1. | A 2021-11-18 00:55:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
1. |
[adj-no,n]
[uk]
▶ considerable ▶ decent ▶ respectable ▶ full-fledged ▶ fully fledged |
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2. |
[adv]
[uk]
▶ suitably ▶ reasonably |
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3. |
[n]
[obs]
▶ one matter ▶ one field |
9. | A 2024-04-28 00:26:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
8. | A* 2024-04-27 21:44:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, prog ひとかどの人物 2,125 76.4% 一角の人物 524 18.8% 一廉の人物 132 4.7% 一かどの人物 0 0.0% |
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Comments: | The JEs, sankoku and smk only have one sense. The "one matter/field" sense appears to be obsolete. Chujiten uses 一かど in its examples. |
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Diff: | @@ -9,0 +10,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>一かど</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -16,0 +21 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -18 +22,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -20,3 +24,5 @@ -<gloss>a cut above the rest</gloss> -<gloss>superior</gloss> -<gloss>something uncommon</gloss> +<gloss>considerable</gloss> +<gloss>decent</gloss> +<gloss>respectable</gloss> +<gloss>full-fledged</gloss> +<gloss>fully fledged</gloss> @@ -25 +31 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -27,2 +33,2 @@ -<gloss>respectable</gloss> -<gloss>full-fledged</gloss> +<gloss>suitably</gloss> +<gloss>reasonably</gloss> @@ -32 +38,2 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<misc>&obs;</misc> +<gloss>one matter</gloss> @@ -34,6 +40,0 @@ -<gloss>one matter</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&adv;</pos> -<gloss>suitably</gloss> -<gloss>reasonably</gloss> |
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7. | A 2024-04-25 02:05:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -25 +24,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> |
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6. | A* 2024-04-22 17:20:39 | |
Refs: | daijirin |
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Diff: | @@ -19 +18,0 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -23,2 +21,0 @@ -<gloss>respectable</gloss> -<gloss>full-fledged</gloss> @@ -30 +27,7 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>respectable</gloss> +<gloss>full-fledged</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> |
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5. | A 2021-03-31 04:47:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Bulk update n-adv to n,adv -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -28 +28 @@ -<pos>&n-adv;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -29,0 +30 @@ +<pos>&adv;</pos> |
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(show/hide 4 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
[form]
▶ eloquence |
3. | A 2024-04-22 18:35:44 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2023-03-18 20:25:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2023-03-18 20:10:50 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Meikyo has a (文) tag Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────╮ │ 達弁 │ 213 │ │ 達辯 │ 0 │ - add (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ たつべん │ 22 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>達辯</keb> @@ -11,0 +15 @@ +<misc>&form;</misc> |
1. |
[n]
▶ unexplained fever in an infant (in the past believed to be related to intellectual development) ▶ teething fever ▶ [lit] wisdom fever |
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2. |
[n]
[col]
▶ fever that comes from using one's head too much |
7. | A 2024-04-22 07:16:49 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | daijirin and koj have ちえぼとり (both redirect to ちえねつ). |
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Comments: | Adding it back. |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ちえぼとり</reb> |
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6. | A 2024-04-22 07:04:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Not sure the [lit] helps much. The JEs all just have "teething fever". |
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5. | A* 2024-04-21 23:41:48 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | ちえぼとり only in nikk, 1700s example. |
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Diff: | @@ -10,3 +9,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>ちえぼとり</reb> -</r_ele> @@ -17 +14 @@ -<gloss g_type="lit">wsdom fever</gloss> +<gloss g_type="lit">wisdom fever</gloss> |
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4. | A* 2024-04-21 22:31:07 Marcus Richert | |
Refs: | https://kano.ac/posts/2017-11-02_10-52.html |
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Comments: | I don't think so. |
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Diff: | @@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>unexplained fever in an infant (in the past believed to be related to intellectual development)</gloss> @@ -16,5 +17 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>developmental fever</gloss> -<gloss>fever that brings with it an intellectual or psycho-developmental growth spurt</gloss> +<gloss g_type="lit">wsdom fever</gloss> |
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3. | A* 2024-04-19 13:38:28 | |
Refs: | daijisen, gakken |
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Comments: | should senses 1 & 2 really be separate? |
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(show/hide 2 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
▶ eloquence |
3. | A 2024-04-22 18:32:48 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -9 +9 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2023-03-18 20:07:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2023-03-18 20:05:34 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────╮ │ 快弁 │ 792 │ │ 快辯 │ 0 │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo) │ かいべん │ 303 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>快辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
▶ defense (of oneself) ▶ defence ▶ explanation |
4. | A 2024-04-22 18:36:05 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -9 +9 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2023-03-18 20:08:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -19 +19 @@ -<gloss>defence (of oneself)</gloss> +<gloss>defence</gloss> |
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2. | A* 2023-03-18 20:04:42 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮ │ 陳弁 │ 986 │ 97.4% │ │ 陳辯 │ 26 │ 2.6% │ - add, rK (daijs, meikyo) │ ちんべん │ 27 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>陳辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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1. | A 2021-11-18 01:15:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
1. |
[n,vs,vt]
[dated]
▶ interpretation (i.e. oral translation) ▶ interpreter
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6. | A 2024-04-22 18:35:29 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | kyūji |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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5. | A 2023-03-19 23:41:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
4. | A* 2023-03-19 21:53:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, daij |
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Comments: | Koj says "幕末明治期に使われた語". Perhaps the dated tag is sufficient. |
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Diff: | @@ -19 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>interpreter (Edo period)</gloss> +<gloss>interpretation (i.e. oral translation)</gloss> +<gloss>interpreter</gloss> |
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3. | A 2023-03-18 20:01:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -19 +19 @@ -<gloss>interpreter (in the Edo period)</gloss> +<gloss>interpreter (Edo period)</gloss> |
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2. | A* 2023-03-18 19:59:24 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | daijs: 「通訳」の古い言い方。 mk: 〔古い言い方で〕通訳(すること)。 obunsha: 「通訳」の旧称。 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 通弁 │ 1,368 │ 96.7% │ │ 通辯 │ 47 │ 3.3% │ - add (daijs, meikyo, obunsha) │ つうべん │ 54 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>通辯</keb> @@ -13,0 +17,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1433560">通訳・1</xref> +<misc>&dated;</misc> |
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(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
{food, cooking}
《かんとだき is Kansai dialect; かんとに is Nagoya dialect》 ▶ oden ▶ [expl] dish of various ingredients, e.g. egg, daikon, potato, chikuwa, konnyaku, stewed in soy-flavored dashi
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10. | A 2024-04-22 07:07:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
9. | A* 2024-04-22 03:34:23 | |
Comments: | e.g. etc. |
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Diff: | @@ -29 +29 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">dish of various ingredients, e.g. egg, daikon, potato, chikuwa, konnyaku, etc. stewed in soy-flavored dashi</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">dish of various ingredients, e.g. egg, daikon, potato, chikuwa, konnyaku, stewed in soy-flavored dashi</gloss> |
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8. | A 2024-04-22 00:50:12 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -25 +25 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1001390">御田</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1001390">おでん</xref> |
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7. | A 2024-04-20 22:26:38 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Half-width semicolon |
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Diff: | @@ -27 +27 @@ -<s_inf>かんとだき is Kansai dialect; かんとに is Nagoya dialect</s_inf> +<s_inf>かんとだき is Kansai dialect; かんとに is Nagoya dialect</s_inf> |
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6. | A 2024-04-20 22:24:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
(show/hide 5 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
[hist]
▶ female narrator in a silent movie theatre
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6. | A 2024-04-23 00:18:13 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | (We added a [hist] tag to 1208440・活弁 last year, so I assume no objections to adding it here) |
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5. | A 2024-04-23 00:14:48 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> @@ -15,0 +17 @@ +<misc>&hist;</misc> |
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4. | A 2024-04-23 00:05:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | A few movie-related WWW hits. Harmless. |
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Diff: | @@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1512960">弁士・2</xref> |
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3. | D* 2024-04-22 18:14:34 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | I don't see this in the abridged version of nikk. Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬────╮ │ 女弁士 │ 60 │ │ 女辯士 │ 0 │ │ おんなべんし │ 0 │ ╰─ーーーーーー─┴────╯ |
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Comments: | We have a "narrator in Japanese silent cinema" sense in our entry for 弁士. |
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2. | A 2010-11-10 11:09:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[v5s,vt]
[uk]
▶ to grate |
7. | A 2024-04-22 23:59:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
6. | A* 2024-04-22 21:43:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | すりおろし 277,067 90.3% すり下ろし 25,684 8.4% 摺り下ろし 1,688 0.5% 擂り下ろし 368 0.1% 磨り下ろし 88 0.0% 摺りおろし 1,452 0.5% 擂りおろし 553 0.2% 磨りおろし 51 0.0% |
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Comments: | I don't think "scrape off" is right. |
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Diff: | @@ -4,0 +5,12 @@ +<keb>摺り下ろす</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>擂り下ろす</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>磨り下ろす</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -5,0 +18 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -9,3 +22 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>摺り下ろす</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -15,3 +26 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>擂り下ろす</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -21,3 +30 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>磨り下ろす</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -30,0 +38 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -32 +39,0 @@ -<gloss>to scrape off</gloss> |
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5. | A 2019-10-16 16:47:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
4. | A* 2019-10-16 11:56:58 Dine2019 <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | G n-gram: すり下ろす 2962 摺りおろす 203 摺り下ろす 199 擂りおろす 74 擂り下ろす 53 磨り下ろす 25 磨りおろす No matches // has some ghits |
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Diff: | @@ -5 +5,4 @@ -<keb>磨り下ろす</keb> +<keb>すり下ろす</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>摺りおろす</keb> @@ -10,0 +14,3 @@ +<keb>擂りおろす</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -11,0 +18,6 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>磨りおろす</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>磨り下ろす</keb> |
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3. | A 2011-04-17 02:34:28 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | nikk |
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Diff: | @@ -18,0 +18,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> |
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(show/hide 2 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
[abbr,sl]
▶ over-demanding parent ▶ [expl] parent who makes selfish and unreasonable demands on behalf of their child
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|||||
2. |
(モンペ only)
[n]
[abbr,sl]
▶ unreasonably demanding patient ▶ nightmare patient
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9. | A 2024-04-22 07:14:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Or [col]? |
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8. | A* 2024-04-21 23:29:05 | |
Diff: | @@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<misc>&sl;</misc> @@ -21,0 +23 @@ +<misc>&sl;</misc> |
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7. | A 2018-11-27 11:18:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Presumably. |
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Diff: | @@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<stagr>モンペ</stagr> |
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6. | A 2018-11-27 09:45:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
5. | A* 2018-11-25 22:20:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | daijs: "「モンスターペアレント」または「モンスターペイシェント」の略。" |
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Comments: | Added sense. Don't need language source on this entry. |
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Diff: | @@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<lsource ls_wasei="y">monster parent</lsource> @@ -17,0 +17,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2723950">モンスターペイシェント</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>unreasonably demanding patient</gloss> +<gloss>nightmare patient</gloss> +</sense> |
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(show/hide 4 older log entries) |
1. |
[exp,v1]
[id]
▶ to remove obstacles in the way of one's objective ▶ to take an indirect approach ▶ [lit] to fill in the outer moat |
6. | A 2024-04-25 02:27:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
5. | A* 2024-04-22 16:48:02 | |
Refs: | nikkoku |
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Diff: | @@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>to take an indirect approach</gloss> |
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4. | A 2024-01-14 02:22:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
3. | A* 2024-01-14 00:17:41 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5 |
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Diff: | @@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<gloss g_type="lit">to fill in the outer moat</gloss> |
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2. | A 2012-09-23 12:11:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
(show/hide 1 older log entries) |
1. |
[exp,v5m]
[uk]
▶ to get the hang of ▶ to learn the secret to |
8. | A 2024-04-22 20:37:01 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Since the introduction of the simplified readings policy, we've only used katakana readings for kanji when the word is gairaigo. So 骨を掴む【コツをつかむ】 doesn't work in that sense. コツをつかむ appears to be the most common form of this expression by a wide margin. We recently decided that it's okay to lead with [nokanji] forms, so I'll move it up. https://github.com/JMdictProject/JMdictIssues/issues/113 |
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Diff: | @@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>コツを掴む</keb> +<keb>こつを掴む</keb> @@ -12 +12 @@ -<keb>こつを掴む</keb> +<keb>コツを掴む</keb> @@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<re_nokanji/> @@ -24 +24,0 @@ -<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> |
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7. | A* 2024-04-21 21:35:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | How about this instead? |
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Diff: | @@ -20 +20 @@ -<reb>こつをつかむ</reb> +<reb>コツをつかむ</reb> @@ -23 +23 @@ -<reb>コツをつかむ</reb> +<reb>こつをつかむ</reb> |
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6. | A* 2024-04-21 11:40:05 | |
Diff: | @@ -20,2 +20 @@ -<reb>コツをつかむ</reb> -<re_restr>コツを掴む</re_restr> +<reb>こつをつかむ</reb> @@ -24,2 +23,2 @@ -<reb>こつをつかむ</reb> -<re_restr>骨を掴む</re_restr> +<reb>コツをつかむ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> |
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5. | A 2024-04-21 06:24:35 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ コツを掴む │ 12,755 │ 34.3% │ │ こつを掴む │ 392 │ 1.1% │ - sK │ 骨を掴む │ 57 │ 0.2% │ - rK │ 骨をつかむ │ 384 │ 1.0% │ - sK │ こつをつかむ │ 1,307 │ 3.5% │ │ コツをつかむ │ 22,297 │ 60.0% │ ╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ |
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Comments: | I think it would be better to have コツをつかむ as [nokanji], but that's controversial (see comments on 2127720). |
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Diff: | @@ -8 +8,2 @@ -<keb>こつを掴む</keb> +<keb>骨を掴む</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -11 +12,2 @@ -<keb>骨を掴む</keb> +<keb>こつを掴む</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,0 +17 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -16,6 +18,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>こつをつかむ</reb> -<re_restr>こつを掴む</re_restr> -<re_restr>骨を掴む</re_restr> -<re_restr>骨をつかむ</re_restr> -</r_ele> @@ -24,0 +22,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>こつをつかむ</reb> +<re_restr>骨を掴む</re_restr> |
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4. | A 2015-05-24 05:36:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
(show/hide 3 older log entries) |
1. |
[adj-f]
{botany}
▶ choripetalous ▶ polypetalous ▶ schizopetalous |
5. | A 2024-04-23 22:04:36 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -15 +15 @@ -<pos>&n-pref;</pos> +<pos>&adj-f;</pos> |
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4. | A 2024-04-22 18:02:06 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーー─┬───────╮ │ 離弁 │ 4,467 │ │ 離瓣 │ 0 │ - oK (daijr) ╰─ーー─┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2016-02-29 10:19:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -14 +14 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&n-pref;</pos> |
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2. | A* 2016-02-22 19:10:58 Scott | |
Diff: | @@ -17 +17,2 @@ -<gloss>polypetalous,schizopetalous</gloss> +<gloss>polypetalous</gloss> +<gloss>schizopetalous</gloss> |
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1. | A* 2016-02-22 18:41:55 Scott | |
Refs: | gg5 daij koj |
1. |
[aux-v,suf]
《after the -nai stem of a verb》 ▶ not doing
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7. | A 2024-04-26 23:40:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I don't think the proposed revision is very useful to the typical user of this dictionary. There may be scope somewhere for detailed etymological and morphological information about these sorts of terms, but I don't think this is the place. I'm reverting the entry to the 2016 original so that the comments remain visible. I'll reopen it for a while in case there is further discussion. |
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Diff: | @@ -10 +9,0 @@ -<pos>&conj;</pos> @@ -14,11 +13,2 @@ -<s_inf>連用形 of ~ぬ acting as a conjunction</s_inf> -<gloss g_type="expl">used to negate a verb and continue onto next sentence</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ</xref> -<misc>&form;</misc> -<s_inf>used at sentence end; old 終止形 of ~ぬ</s_inf> -<gloss>not</gloss> +<s_inf>after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf> +<gloss>not doing</gloss> |
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6. | A* 2024-04-22 08:35:28 Non | |
Comments: | After some consideration, the translation on [1] should be changed as conjunctive ず is not properly represented by it: this ず conflates coordination and negation into a single morpheme, english has no such morpheme and thus lacks a direct translation. I have considered something such as "does/will not... and..." but that seemed confusing without an example sentence so I opted for an explanatory definition that is, hopefully, clear enough. I realise I have forgotten to say why I have removed the notes on connection: I did so as I assume the notes will compel a reader to click the cross-reference to ぬ, leading them to learn that from there. An additional idea that came to mind: this entry could be merged with ぬ by adding ず as a reading and adding this glossary to its, it would only need a few "as ~ず" or "as ~ぬ" to be added to the notes, the same could be done with ん. This practice could be applied to merge other entries that are variations of the same thing and with that trim down the number of individual entries with the benefit of consolidating currently scattered items under their corresponding set. |
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Diff: | @@ -15 +15 @@ -<gloss>not</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">used to negate a verb and continue onto next sentence</gloss> |
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5. | A* 2024-04-20 11:47:44 Non | |
Comments: | The notes only do two things: tell you what it is and tell you what it does. Do you presuppose that a reader does not wish to know either or neither of these things? Of course shoving 連用形 or "conjunction" in there will not automatically allow them to directly download information concerning those concepts unto their brain, I truly hope you did not think this to have been my intent. The terms are put there so that the reader may research them on their own, they can even be researched back with this dictionary if someone wishes to research through translation. Could you construct an argument against these points, so that we can have a productive discussion and make a better entry? The information is not there to "cater to grammar nerds" as you so creatively put, it is there to teach the language: grammar plays an important part of second-language acquisition for many, especially adults, even more so when there is such a disparity between the structures of Japanese and several Indo-European languages. Did you learn Japanese without studying any form of grammar? I would doubt that unless you grew up using Japanese. |
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4. | A* 2024-04-20 10:51:20 | |
Comments: | "連用形" etc. isn't helpful. 99% of users won't know what it's a reference to. If you really were as smart as you seem to think, you'd realize the goal here isn't to cater to the 1% elite grammer nerds |
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3. | A* 2024-04-20 07:59:10 Non | |
Refs: | daijs, daijr |
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Comments: | Entry was missing the information that ず can form a conjunction. Added second sense as terminal ず can still be found in set phrases as well as certain media. Opted for 連用形 and 終止形 over translations as the original Japanese can likely be researched with less potential of wrong results than something such as connective form or terminal form, they can also be looked up within the dictionary whereas translations cannot. |
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Diff: | @@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<pos>&conj;</pos> @@ -13,2 +14,11 @@ -<s_inf>after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf> -<gloss>not doing</gloss> +<s_inf>連用形 of ~ぬ acting as a conjunction</s_inf> +<gloss>not</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ</xref> +<misc>&form;</misc> +<s_inf>used at sentence end; old 終止形 of ~ぬ</s_inf> +<gloss>not</gloss> |
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(show/hide 2 older log entries) |
1. |
[aux-v,suf]
《after the -nai stem of a verb》 ▶ not doing
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8. | A* 2024-04-26 23:40:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
7. | A 2024-04-26 23:40:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I don't think the proposed revision is very useful to the typical user of this dictionary. There may be scope somewhere for detailed etymological and morphological information about these sorts of terms, but I don't think this is the place. I'm reverting the entry to the 2016 original so that the comments remain visible. I'll reopen it for a while in case there is further discussion. |
|
Diff: | @@ -10 +9,0 @@ -<pos>&conj;</pos> @@ -14,11 +13,2 @@ -<s_inf>連用形 of ~ぬ acting as a conjunction</s_inf> -<gloss g_type="expl">used to negate a verb and continue onto next sentence</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ</xref> -<misc>&form;</misc> -<s_inf>used at sentence end; old 終止形 of ~ぬ</s_inf> -<gloss>not</gloss> +<s_inf>after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf> +<gloss>not doing</gloss> |
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6. | A* 2024-04-22 08:35:28 Non | |
Comments: | After some consideration, the translation on [1] should be changed as conjunctive ず is not properly represented by it: this ず conflates coordination and negation into a single morpheme, english has no such morpheme and thus lacks a direct translation. I have considered something such as "does/will not... and..." but that seemed confusing without an example sentence so I opted for an explanatory definition that is, hopefully, clear enough. I realise I have forgotten to say why I have removed the notes on connection: I did so as I assume the notes will compel a reader to click the cross-reference to ぬ, leading them to learn that from there. An additional idea that came to mind: this entry could be merged with ぬ by adding ず as a reading and adding this glossary to its, it would only need a few "as ~ず" or "as ~ぬ" to be added to the notes, the same could be done with ん. This practice could be applied to merge other entries that are variations of the same thing and with that trim down the number of individual entries with the benefit of consolidating currently scattered items under their corresponding set. |
|
Diff: | @@ -15 +15 @@ -<gloss>not</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">used to negate a verb and continue onto next sentence</gloss> |
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5. | A* 2024-04-20 11:47:44 Non | |
Comments: | The notes only do two things: tell you what it is and tell you what it does. Do you presuppose that a reader does not wish to know either or neither of these things? Of course shoving 連用形 or "conjunction" in there will not automatically allow them to directly download information concerning those concepts unto their brain, I truly hope you did not think this to have been my intent. The terms are put there so that the reader may research them on their own, they can even be researched back with this dictionary if someone wishes to research through translation. Could you construct an argument against these points, so that we can have a productive discussion and make a better entry? The information is not there to "cater to grammar nerds" as you so creatively put, it is there to teach the language: grammar plays an important part of second-language acquisition for many, especially adults, even more so when there is such a disparity between the structures of Japanese and several Indo-European languages. Did you learn Japanese without studying any form of grammar? I would doubt that unless you grew up using Japanese. |
|
4. | A* 2024-04-20 10:51:20 | |
Comments: | "連用形" etc. isn't helpful. 99% of users won't know what it's a reference to. If you really were as smart as you seem to think, you'd realize the goal here isn't to cater to the 1% elite grammer nerds |
|
(show/hide 3 older log entries) |
1. |
[aux-v,suf,conj]
《connects to -nai stem of 五段, 一段 and カ変 verbs and to サ変 as せ~ず》 ▶ not ▶ [expl] negates a verb and continues onto next sentence
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9. | A* 2024-04-27 08:15:40 Non | |
Comments: | I would question what the typical user is like, what they look for when using a dictionary, and whether the first two questions can be reliably answered at all. Anyhow, disregard the morphology for a moment, I feel the functional aspects of the explanatory gloss and the [conj] tag were overlooked. There is nothing in the entry to suggest that ず is a conjunction, and not treating it as one will yield the wrong understanding of a phrase. The translation "Not doing" is a progressive negation while ず is a negation, a conjunction, and only progressive if the structure it is negating is. "Not" is a closer translation, but is still missing the conjunction part. Going off of this entry as is, one could very well take a 食べず as "not eating" instead of "does not/will not eat and..." Furthermore, with only an [aux-v] tag, a reader will most likely think this is the 連体形・終止形 dictionary form that ends a sentence or pre-modifies a noun. This is only worsened by ず ending with a -u, which is usually a characteristic of those forms. That is not good as treating it as the dictionary form will analyse something such as「驚きもせず私達をながく見つめていた」with 驚きもせず as a premodifier for 私達. I tried to to address this with the notes on the 連用形, the tag and the explanatory gloss, I can see why all at once may seem superfluous but hold that at least one is required to solve the matter. I will insist on the addition of the tag and the explanatory note, with the latter either as a complement or substitute for the translation as "not doing" does not do a good job of relaying what this word does. If nothing else, at least the tag should be kept since it is what the word is - but the note instead of or along with the translation could be immediately useful to anyone who does not know what a conjunction is. As for morphology: it already occupies a place in many entries, notes like the -nai stem note here are morphological in nature and I can only imagine these are accepted while others are not as they allow identification through the morphology of the surrounding items. With that standard in mind, since the current entry runs into the suru class -nai stem problem of leaving a reader unable to identify せず and instead implicating しず, I propose changes to it in line with what was done to せる・させる. |
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Diff: | @@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<pos>&conj;</pos> @@ -11,2 +12,3 @@ -<s_inf>after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf> -<gloss>not doing</gloss> +<s_inf>connects to -nai stem of 五段, 一段 and カ変 verbs and to サ変 as せ~ず</s_inf> +<gloss>not</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">negates a verb and continues onto next sentence</gloss> |
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8. | A* 2024-04-26 23:40:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
7. | A 2024-04-26 23:40:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I don't think the proposed revision is very useful to the typical user of this dictionary. There may be scope somewhere for detailed etymological and morphological information about these sorts of terms, but I don't think this is the place. I'm reverting the entry to the 2016 original so that the comments remain visible. I'll reopen it for a while in case there is further discussion. |
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Diff: | @@ -10 +9,0 @@ -<pos>&conj;</pos> @@ -14,11 +13,2 @@ -<s_inf>連用形 of ~ぬ acting as a conjunction</s_inf> -<gloss g_type="expl">used to negate a verb and continue onto next sentence</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2441300">ぬ</xref> -<misc>&form;</misc> -<s_inf>used at sentence end; old 終止形 of ~ぬ</s_inf> -<gloss>not</gloss> +<s_inf>after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf> +<gloss>not doing</gloss> |
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6. | A* 2024-04-22 08:35:28 Non | |
Comments: | After some consideration, the translation on [1] should be changed as conjunctive ず is not properly represented by it: this ず conflates coordination and negation into a single morpheme, english has no such morpheme and thus lacks a direct translation. I have considered something such as "does/will not... and..." but that seemed confusing without an example sentence so I opted for an explanatory definition that is, hopefully, clear enough. I realise I have forgotten to say why I have removed the notes on connection: I did so as I assume the notes will compel a reader to click the cross-reference to ぬ, leading them to learn that from there. An additional idea that came to mind: this entry could be merged with ぬ by adding ず as a reading and adding this glossary to its, it would only need a few "as ~ず" or "as ~ぬ" to be added to the notes, the same could be done with ん. This practice could be applied to merge other entries that are variations of the same thing and with that trim down the number of individual entries with the benefit of consolidating currently scattered items under their corresponding set. |
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Diff: | @@ -15 +15 @@ -<gloss>not</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">used to negate a verb and continue onto next sentence</gloss> |
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5. | A* 2024-04-20 11:47:44 Non | |
Comments: | The notes only do two things: tell you what it is and tell you what it does. Do you presuppose that a reader does not wish to know either or neither of these things? Of course shoving 連用形 or "conjunction" in there will not automatically allow them to directly download information concerning those concepts unto their brain, I truly hope you did not think this to have been my intent. The terms are put there so that the reader may research them on their own, they can even be researched back with this dictionary if someone wishes to research through translation. Could you construct an argument against these points, so that we can have a productive discussion and make a better entry? The information is not there to "cater to grammar nerds" as you so creatively put, it is there to teach the language: grammar plays an important part of second-language acquisition for many, especially adults, even more so when there is such a disparity between the structures of Japanese and several Indo-European languages. Did you learn Japanese without studying any form of grammar? I would doubt that unless you grew up using Japanese. |
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(show/hide 4 older log entries) |
1. |
[n]
▶ pH adjuster |
4. | A 2024-04-22 20:52:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
3. | A* 2024-04-22 08:34:10 Marcus Richert | |
Refs: | wiki |
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Diff: | @@ -8 +8,4 @@ -<reb>ピーエッチちょうせいざい</reb> +<reb>ペーハーちょうせいざい</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ピーエイチちょうせいざい</reb> |
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2. | A 2018-05-31 03:39:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2018-05-30 07:05:58 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | daijs eij |
1. |
[n,vs]
▶ finishing one's business ▶ settling an affair
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4. | A 2024-04-22 23:58:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
3. | A* 2024-04-22 07:20:24 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────╮ │ 用弁 │ 1,576 │ │ 用辨 │ 0 │ - oK (daijs) │ ようべん │ 350 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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2. | A 2018-06-17 01:28:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2018-06-15 21:03:29 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | gg5, daij, koj |
1. |
[n]
▶ sleeve badge ▶ sleeve patch ▶ chevrons |
7. | A 2024-04-22 23:24:21 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | Forgot to remove this. |
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Diff: | @@ -6,3 +5,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>袖印</keb> |
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6. | A 2024-04-22 20:54:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
5. | A* 2024-04-22 11:51:31 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | The kanji in the Hepburn entry is 袖標. 袖章 is not a kanji form for そでじるし. I'll make a new entry. |
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Diff: | @@ -12,4 +11,0 @@ -<re_restr>袖章</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>そでじるし</reb> @@ -22,7 +17,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<stagr>そでじるし</stagr> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<misc>&hist;</misc> -<gloss>sode-jirushi</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">small flag worn on the right shoulder of a samurai armor as a means of identification</gloss> |
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4. | A* 2024-04-19 02:19:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Koj, Daijr |
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Comments: | The Koj and Daijr glosses for そでじるし and そでしょう are quite different. The only thing the entries have in common is the 袖章 kanji form. I think そでじるし should be in its own entry. If no-one objects I'll set up a separate entry. |
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3. | A* 2024-04-15 11:12:02 | |
Refs: | nikk, hepburn 1867 https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=XORGAAAAcAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=yago ie-jirushi&pg=PA429#v=onepage&q=jirushi&f=false Hepburn uses そでじるし for sense 1 |
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Diff: | @@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>袖印</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,4 @@ +<re_restr>袖章</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>そでじるし</reb> @@ -14,0 +22,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>そでじるし</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&hist;</misc> +<gloss>sode-jirushi</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">small flag worn on the right shoulder of a samurai armor as a means of identification</gloss> |
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(show/hide 2 older log entries) |
1. |
[v5s,vt]
▶ to wear out (footwear) |
4. | A 2024-04-22 02:07:19 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 〈履(き)/はき/ハキ〉〈潰/つぶ〉す Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 履きつぶす │ 3,161 │ 48.6% │ - add │ 履き潰す │ 2,451 │ 37.7% │ │ はき潰す │ 84 │ 1.3% │ - add, sK │ はきつぶす │ 804 │ 12.4% │ ├─ーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤ │ 履きつぶし │ 9,232 │ 49.5% │ │ 履き潰し │ 7,089 │ 38.0% │ │ はき潰し │ 265 │ 1.4% │ │ 履潰し │ 28 │ 0.2% │ │ はきつぶし │ 2,050 │ 11.0% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ |
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Diff: | @@ -4,0 +5,3 @@ +<keb>履きつぶす</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -5,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>はき潰す</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> |
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3. | A 2019-11-01 01:56:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&v5s;</pos> @@ -12 +13 @@ -<gloss>to wear out one's footwear</gloss> +<gloss>to wear out (footwear)</gloss> |
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2. | A 2019-11-01 01:03:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | GG5, Unidic, 中辞典, etc. 履き潰す 2451 |
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1. | A* 2019-10-31 23:31:36 Kathryn Canavan <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Listed in Weblio and appears in an N1 textbook |
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Comments: | Listed in Weblio and appears in an N1 textbook |
1. |
[n]
▶ 2 PM |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:18:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:35:19 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[n]
▶ 3 PM |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:19:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:35:34 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[n]
▶ 4 PM |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:19:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:35:51 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[n]
▶ 5 PM |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:19:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:36:17 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[n]
▶ 6 PM |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:19:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:36:33 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[n]
▶ 7 PM |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:19:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:36:49 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[n]
▶ 8 PM |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:20:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:37:29 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[n]
▶ 9 PM |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:20:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:37:56 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[n]
▶ 10 PM |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:20:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:38:09 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[n]
▶ 11 PM |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:21:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:38:31 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[n]
▶ 12 AM ▶ midnight |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:21:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | I guess these may as well go in too. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-19 07:41:20 Nicolas Maia | |
Comments: | Cf. 2298522 |
1. |
[adj-no,n]
Dialect: ksb
▶ extremely crowded ▶ packed |
3. | A 2024-04-22 07:23:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
2. | A* 2024-04-20 23:58:56 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | 〈婆/ばば/ババ〉(ー/ぁ/あ/ア/ァ)〈込み/混み/こみ/コミ〉 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ ババ混み │ 1,622 │ 86.0% │ │ ばば混み │ 136 │ 7.2% │ │ ババ込み │ 128 │ 6.8% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ https://crd.ndl.go.jp/reference/entry/index.php?id=1000077555&page=ref_view >> 「ばば」とは幼児語で「糞、屎」の意味(関西の方言、『広辞苑』)である。 https://twitter.com/seven_bomb/status/406729952768180224 @mikachkammm >> ババ混みって方言ですか?名古屋ではダダ混みとは言いますが(^^) @seven_bomb >> 主に関西地方で使われている言葉ですが、関西出身のお笑いタレントの人とかがテレビでよく使っているので、伝わるかな~と思いましてん(´・ω・`) |
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Comments: | Not in the usual refs. Most likely from ばば【糞】 (rather than ばば【婆】). |
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Diff: | @@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>ババ混み</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8 +11 @@ -<reb>ババこみ</reb> +<reb>ばばこみ</reb> |
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1. | A* 2024-04-20 23:03:44 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | ババ込み 128 100.0% ばば込み 0 0.0% heard used by Nara native https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1494298249 |
1. |
[n]
▶ Red Robin (cultivar of Photinia x fraseri) |
2. | A 2024-04-22 20:53:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Red Robin (cultivar of Photinia × fraseri)</gloss> +<gloss>Red Robin (cultivar of Photinia x fraseri)</gloss> |
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1. | A* 2024-04-22 08:12:25 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | レッドロビン 5755 google images https://www.uekipedia.jp/常緑広葉樹-ヤ-ラ行/レッドロビン/?mobile=1 |
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Comments: | Very common ornamental shrub here Not the bird |
1. |
[n]
▶ white race
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3. | D 2024-04-23 00:59:14 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────╮ │ 白皙 │ 4,047 │ │ 白皙長身 │ 53 │ │ 白皙痩身 │ 35 │ │ 白皙異形 │ 21 │ │ 白皙人種 │ 0 │ - (this entry) ╰─ーーーー─┴───────╯ |
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2. | D* 2024-04-23 00:45:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | In 斎藤和英大辞典 too. 白皙人種 0 白色人種 7197 |
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Comments: | Very few WWW hits. A+B. I don't think it makes the grade. |
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1. | A* 2024-04-22 10:25:00 | |
Refs: | nikk saw in news story |
1. |
[n]
[hist]
▶ small flag or piece of cloth worn on the shoulder armour to distinguish between friend and foe on the battlefield |
2. | A 2024-04-22 20:54:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2024-04-22 11:52:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
Refs: | daij, koj |
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Comments: | From 2839517. I don't think a romanisation is needed. |
1. |
[given]
▶ Tomitatou |
3. | D 2024-04-22 02:47:19 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
Comments: | There's already an entry for the correct reading (とみたろう). |
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2. | D 2024-04-22 02:46:21 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
1. | D* 2024-04-22 02:32:43 | |
Comments: | Looks like a misspelling. |
1. |
[leg]
▶ Isukiri (younger brother of Jesus Christ who took his place on the cross to allow Jesus to escape to Japan, according to local Aomori legend) |
2. | A 2024-04-22 07:17:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> @@ -8 +9 @@ -<misc>&person;</misc> +<misc>⋚</misc> |
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1. | A* 2024-04-20 10:55:29 | |
Refs: | https://intojapanwaraku.com/rock/travel-rock/48641/ |
1. |
[male]
▶ Koremoto |
2. | A 2024-04-22 02:22:58 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
1. | A* 2024-04-22 02:18:24 | |
Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/岡崎惟素 |