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jmdict 1042620 Active (id: 2284563)
[rK]
キログラム [gai1,ichi1] キロ・グラム [sk]
1. [n] [uk] Source lang: fre
▶ kilogram
▶ kilogramme
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1042610 キロ 2. kilogram; kilogramme



History:
14. A 2023-11-28 11:03:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think that's a good approach. Done.
  Diff:
@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>kg</keb>
-</k_ele>
13. A* 2023-11-28 02:43:44  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think it (and other similar abbreviations) should be a separate entry with a キージー reading. It could have a note on it usually being read キロ, possibly.
12. A* 2023-11-28 00:35:09  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think it belongs here or on キロ, except possibly as an sK form. I note that we don't have cm, km, ml, etc. I'm not sure there's much value in having them as entries.
11. A* 2023-11-27 23:08:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think it's appropriate that people looking up "kg" get to a matching entry. We have キロ/kilogram as a sense in 1042610. It could move to a separate entry with kg as a kanji form. Failing that, this could stay as it is.
10. A* 2023-11-27 08:18:19  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
We usually have these symbols in separate entries. "m" (meter), "g" (gram), and "v" (volt) are in the entries for エム, ジー, and ブイ, for example, not メートル, グラム, and ボルト.

Judging by the results on youglish, it seems people would read "kg" as キロ in both formal and casual contexts >95% of the time.

I think I'm in favor of dropping "kg", but if it stays I guess it should be placed before the rare kanji form.
  Diff:
@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@
+<keb>kg</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -7,3 +9,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>kg</keb>
(show/hide 9 older log entries)

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jmdict 1042650 Active (id: 2287042)
[rK] キロ米 [ateji,rK]
キロメートル [gai1,ichi1] キロメーター [sk]
1. [n] [uk] Source lang: fre "kilomètre"
▶ kilometer
▶ kilometre
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1042610 キロ 3. kilometre; kilometer



History:
10. A 2024-01-01 20:20:51  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
キロメーター presumably comes from English rather than French but if we're hiding it it doesn't really matter.
9. A* 2024-01-01 19:36:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
キロメーター	3964	1.3%
キロメートル	298497	98.7%
  Comments:
Merging 1042640.
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>キロメーター</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
8. A 2023-09-29 12:50:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2023-09-29 03:45:01  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/和製漢字#和製漢字の例
  Comments:
キロメートル is the kun'yomi of the kokuji 粁 (character invented specifically for this word), so I think [ateji] probably isn't right.

Same for 瓩・キログラム
  Diff:
@@ -6 +5,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
6. A 2021-11-06 07:49:03  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
not finding キロメイトルin kokugo

キロメートル	298497
キロメイトル	No matches
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -10,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -16,3 +17,0 @@
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>キロメイトル</reb>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1075860 Active (id: 2278285)

タイゲーム [gai1] タイ・ゲーム
1. [n] {sports}
▶ tie game
▶ tied game
▶ drawn game
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1089510 ドロンゲーム 1. drawn game; tie game



History:
3. A 2023-09-29 11:23:00  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>drawn game</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-02 00:54:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>タイ・ゲーム</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -11,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>tied game</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-02 00:38:36  Guillem Palau-Salvà
  Refs:
daij https://kotobank.jp/word/タイゲーム-556831
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<field>&sports;</field>

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jmdict 1098790 Active (id: 2278257)

バックグラウンド [gai1] バックグランド
1. [n]
▶ background (of a scene, picture, etc.)
2. [n]
▶ background (of an event, person, etc.)
▶ circumstances
3. [n] [abbr]
▶ background music
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1098800 バックグラウンドミュージック 1. background music



History:
4. A 2023-09-29 01:14:55  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs:  性格や、その人が今いる地位などを作り出した環境。生い立ち。育ち。また、経歴。
https://ferret-plus.com/10960
目に見えてわかる外国人だけではなくLGBTや障害、宗教、更には生い立ちや職務経験など様々なバックグラウンドを持つ人たちが共に生活し働き、次の未来を創っていく時代に突入しています。
https://trivenpass.com/posts/N_ERHpK3
これまではエンジニアに話しをしてきたので、全くバックグラウンドの違う人に訴えるのは難しい。
https://legalforce-cloud.com/usecase/16
法務室のメンバーは、それぞれ、営業・広報・商品開発等、様々なバックグラウンドを有します。
https://ameblo.jp/atsushiwatanabe/entry-12344813474.html
もともとの性格や生きてきた環境にもよるでしょう。住んでいる地域によっても違いが出ると思います。大事なのは、様々なバックグラウンドを持つ様々な人の、様々な考え方に触れること。
バックグラウンド	314,172		
バックグランド	39,501
  Comments:
I don't think that's true. I Googled "様々なバックグラウンド" and found the above examples in the first two pages of results. It probably refers to ethnicity/culture in the majority of cases but not "almost always".
Daijs keeps it much more general.
Merging 1098790.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>バックグランド</reb>
3. A* 2023-09-28 00:47:40 
  Refs:
Various examples from the net;

アメリカの私立寮制高校=ボーディングスクールに集まる生徒たちは、さまざまなバックグラウンドをもっています。

バックグラウンドに目を向ける教師 - 箕面三中もと校長から〜教育関係者のつぶやき〜

バックグラウンドとつながる瞬間 | 今月の日本語パートナーズ
  Comments:
I think it's a shame to merge them because when you're talking about "the バックグラウンド of person" in Japanese you're almost always talking about race/ethnicity, not, say, social class or whatever.
2. A 2023-09-27 19:14:54  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr
  Comments:
I think senses 2 and 3 can be merged.
  Diff:
@@ -10,2 +10 @@
-<gloss>background (of a photo, picture, etc.)</gloss>
-<gloss>backdrop</gloss>
+<gloss>background (of a scene, picture, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -15 +14 @@
-<gloss>background (behind an event, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>background (of an event, person, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -17,6 +15,0 @@
-<gloss>underlying reasons</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>(cultural or racial) background</gloss>
-<gloss>origin</gloss>
@@ -29 +21,0 @@
-<gloss>BGM</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-26 20:37:02 
  Refs:
Daijs

https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/665818?display=b
日本の学校の生徒のほとんどは伝統的な日本人であり、校則はこれを反映しているが、今後生徒のバックグラウンドが多様化する中で、見直される必要が出てきている。
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10,20 @@
-<gloss>background</gloss>
+<gloss>background (of a photo, picture, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>backdrop</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>background (behind an event, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>circumstances</gloss>
+<gloss>underlying reasons</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>(cultural or racial) background</gloss>
+<gloss>origin</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1098800">バックグラウンドミュージック</xref>
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
+<gloss>background music</gloss>
+<gloss>BGM</gloss>

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jmdict 1103930 Active (id: 2278352)

ヒップホップヒップ・ホップ
1. [n] {music}
▶ hip-hop



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 22:27:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Don't usually hide the nakaguro versions.
  Diff:
@@ -9 +8,0 @@
-<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
1. A* 2023-09-29 22:14:15  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Seems we're using the [music] tag for genres (シティポップ, ジャズ, ダブステップ, etc.)

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ ヒップホップ  │ 506,111 │ 94.9% │
│ ヒップ・ホップ │  27,050 │  5.1% │ - add, sk
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,4 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ヒップ・ホップ</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
+</r_ele>
@@ -8,0 +13 @@
+<field>&music;</field>

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jmdict 1123830 Active (id: 2278286)

ボサノバ [gai1] ボサノヴァボサ・ノバボサ・ノヴァボサノーヴァ [sk] ボサ・ノーヴァ [sk]
1. [n] {music} Source lang: por
▶ bossa nova



History:
6. A 2023-09-29 11:24:48  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2023-09-28 23:49:33  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Described as 音楽 in all the kokugos. Sankoku and obunsha have 〘音〙 tags.

ボサ(ー)(・)ノ(ー/オ/ウ)〈バ/ヴァ〉(ー)

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ ボサノバ      │ 216,316 │ 55.4% │
│ ボサノヴァ     │ 138,337 │ 35.4% │
│ ボサ・ノバ     │   1,978 │  0.5% │ - add (iwakoku)
│ ボサ・ノヴァ    │  33,046 │  8.5% │ - add
│ ボサノーヴァ    │     283 │  0.1% │ - [ik] to [sk]
│ ボサ・ノーヴァ   │     690 │  0.2% │ - add, sk
│ ボサノバー     │      65 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,6 @@
+<reb>ボサ・ノバ</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ボサ・ノヴァ</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
@@ -13 +19,5 @@
-<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ボサ・ノーヴァ</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -16,0 +27 @@
+<field>&music;</field>
4. A 2020-02-18 20:02:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ボサノバ	216316
ボサノヴァ	138337
ボサノーヴァ	283
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
3. A* 2020-02-18 13:39:20  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://www.nikkeyshimbun.jp/2019/191211-71colonia.html
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ボサノーヴァ</reb>
+</r_ele>
2. A 2016-08-06 09:18:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1133990 Active (id: 2278287)

メリーゴーランドメリーゴーラウンドメリー・ゴー・ラウンド [sk]
1. [n]
▶ merry-go-round
▶ carousel
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1668570 回転木馬【かいてんもくば】 1. merry-go-round; carousel



History:
4. A 2023-09-29 11:26:54  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-09-28 23:02:45  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs, sankoku, and shinsen have ランド as an alternative

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ メリーゴーランド    │ 153,269 │ 86.1% │
│ メリーゴーラウンド   │  23,669 │ 13.3% │
│ メリー・ゴー・ラウンド │   1,031 │  0.6% │ - add, sk
│ メリー・ゴー・ランド  │     115 │  0.1% │
╰─ーーーーーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>メリー・ゴー・ラウンド</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
2. A 2020-07-07 07:04:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5, etc.
  Comments:
The references all have メリーゴーラウンド, but the masses prefer メリーゴーランド.
1. A* 2020-07-07 06:39:10  Opencooper
  Refs:
gg5

メリーゴーラウンド	23669
メリーゴーランド	153269
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<reb>メリーゴーラウンド</reb>
+<reb>メリーゴーランド</reb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>メリーゴーランド</reb>
+<reb>メリーゴーラウンド</reb>
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>carousel</gloss>

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jmdict 1213280 Active (id: 2278516)
環境 [ichi1,news1,nf01] 還境 [sK]
かんきょう [ichi1,news1,nf01]
1. [n]
▶ environment
▶ surroundings
▶ circumstances



History:
3. A 2023-09-30 16:19:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, luminous
  Comments:
When they're that rare, they're probably not worth adding even as sK forms.
  Diff:
@@ -23 +23,2 @@
-<gloss>circumstance</gloss>
+<gloss>surroundings</gloss>
+<gloss>circumstances</gloss>
2. A 2023-09-29 22:23:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 20:11:54  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Dropping [adj-no]

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬────────────╮
│ 環境    │ 56,484,196 │
│ 還境    │        182 │ - add, sK (shinsen: あやまり)
│ かんきょう │     52,875 │
╰─ーーーーー─┴────────────╯
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>還境</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -18 +21,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>

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jmdict 1267020 Active (id: 2278360)
戸数 [news1,nf12]
こすう [news1,nf12]
1. [n]
▶ number of houses
▶ number of households



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 23:20:26  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>number of houses</gloss>
@@ -17 +17,0 @@
-<gloss>number of houses</gloss>
1. A 2022-11-17 23:10:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>number of households (houses)</gloss>
+<gloss>number of households</gloss>
+<gloss>number of houses</gloss>

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jmdict 1269920 Active (id: 2287391)
後追い [news2,nf29] 跡追い [rK] あと追い [sK] 後追 [sK]
あとおい [news2,nf29]
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ trailing
▶ chasing after
2. [n,vs,vi]
▶ imitation
▶ imitating
▶ copying
▶ following someone's example
3. [n,vs,vi]
▶ clinginess (in babies, toddlers)

Conjugations


History:
9. A 2024-01-04 20:24:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Quiet. Closing.
8. A* 2023-12-27 20:30:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Does this work?
  Diff:
@@ -40,0 +41,6 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<gloss>clinginess (in babies, toddlers)</gloss>
7. A* 2023-12-27 08:27:40  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
When I google 後追いとは I get an "Answer:" text-box above the search results with this quote highlighted:
後追いとは、ハイハイやつかまり立ちができるようになり行動範囲の広がった赤ちゃんが、保護者のかたが視界から消えたとき、後を追いかける行動を指します。 後追いが始まると、赤ちゃんはどこにでもついてこようとし、障害物があっても後追いをしてくるため目が離せなくなります。
from this site:
https://benesse.jp/kosodate/201706/20170618-2.html
  Comments:
This seems to be the go-to word to describe separation anxiety-caused clinginess in babies/toddlers, I hear it used like this alot. Sure, in the literal sense, yu are specifically talking about the baby "chasing after" the parent, but this isn't how it's usually phrased like in English. I think this probably ought to be a separate sense.
6. A 2023-09-29 13:09:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2023-09-29 06:41:07  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
後追い	161253	98.1%
後追	3140	1.9%
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,4 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>後追</keb>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 1298640 Active (id: 2278514)
刷り物刷物摺物摺り物刷りもの [sK]
すりもの
1. [n]
▶ printed matter



History:
3. A 2023-09-30 16:07:17  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2023-09-29 22:42:41  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
〈刷(り)/摺(り)/すり/スリ〉〈物/もの/モノ〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 刷り物  │ 2,746 │ 40.0% │
│ 摺物   │ 1,498 │ 21.8% │
│ 刷物   │ 1,158 │ 16.9% │
│ 刷りもの │   649 │  9.5% │ - add, sK
│ 摺り物  │   154 │  2.2% │
│ 刷もの  │    54 │  0.8% │
│ 摺りもの │    52 │  0.8% │
│ すり物  │    49 │  0.7% │
│ 刷りモノ │    30 │  0.4% │
│ すりもの │   457 │  6.7% │
│ スリもの │    20 │  0.3% │
╰─ーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>刷りもの</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
1. A* 2023-09-29 22:18:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
刷り物 2746 49.4% - JEs, kokugos 
刷物 1158 20.8% - kokugos 
摺り物 154 2.8% - kokugos 
摺物 1498 27.0%
  Comments:
Someone pointed out 摺物 was missing.
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,9 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>刷物</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>摺物</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>摺り物</keb>

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jmdict 1329650 Active (id: 2278513)
受け取る [ichi1,news1,nf12] 受取る受けとる [sK] うけ取る [sK] 請け取る [sK] 請取る [sK]
うけとる [ichi1,news1,nf12]
1. [v5r,vt]
▶ to receive
▶ to get
▶ to accept
2. [v5r,vt]
▶ to take (someone's words or behaviour)
▶ to interpret
▶ to understand

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2023-09-30 16:04:21  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, meikyo
  Diff:
@@ -45 +45 @@
-<gloss>to take</gloss>
+<gloss>to take (someone's words or behaviour)</gloss>
4. A 2023-09-30 12:45:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-09-29 15:55:07  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijirin and iwakoku say the 請 form only applies to a seemingly archaic third sense that we don't have ("責任をもって引き受ける。担当する。").

The examples in daijr/s cite 14th century literature (平家, 太平記). None of my J-Es have that sense.

〈受(け)/請(け)/うけ/ウケ〉〈取/と〉る

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 受け取る │ 2,391,603 │ 90.9% │
│ 受取る  │   173,862 │  6.6% │
│ 受けとる │    51,414 │  2.0% │ - sK
│ うけ取る │       103 │  0.0% │ - sK
│ 請け取る │        95 │  0.0% │ - sK
│ 請取る  │        75 │  0.0% │ - sK
│ 受とる  │        48 │  0.0% │
│ ウケ取る │        28 │  0.0% │
│ うけとる │    14,534 │  0.6% │
│ ウケとる │       158 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,3 +10,0 @@
-<keb>受けとる</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
@@ -16,0 +14,8 @@
+<keb>受けとる</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>うけ取る</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -17,0 +23 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -21,3 +27 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>うけ取る</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2010-08-28 22:28:38  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2010-08-28 22:24:13  Scott
  Diff:
@@ -21,0 +21,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>うけ取る</keb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1377750 Active (id: 2278357)
正反対 [news1,nf20]
せいはんたい [news1,nf20]
1. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
▶ exactly the opposite (of)
▶ completely opposite
▶ quite contrary
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2858902 真反対【まはんたい】 1. exactly the opposite (of); completely opposite; quite contrary



History:
3. A 2023-09-29 22:51:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
正反対の	192,538			
正反対な	47,612
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -16 +16,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -18 +18,3 @@
-<gloss>exactly opposite (of)</gloss>
+<gloss>exactly the opposite (of)</gloss>
+<gloss>completely opposite</gloss>
+<gloss>quite contrary</gloss>
2. A 2017-08-06 00:57:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 (has noun glosses first.)
1. A* 2017-08-05 18:55:56  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5 koj daijs
  Comments:
"polar" etc not in my refs (except eij)
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -17,4 +18 @@
-<gloss>bipolar</gloss>
-<gloss>polar</gloss>
-<gloss>polarity</gloss>
-<gloss>exactly opposite</gloss>
+<gloss>exactly opposite (of)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1416540 Active (id: 2278713)
脱水 [ichi1,news1,nf23]
だっすい [ichi1,news1,nf23]
1. [n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ dehydration (removal of water)
▶ desiccation
▶ evaporation
2. [n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ spinning (laundry)
▶ spin cycle
3. [n]
▶ dehydration (abnormal loss of body water)

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2023-10-01 08:55:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-10-01 01:09:34  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, meikyo
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19,4 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<gloss>dehydration (removal of water)</gloss>
+<gloss>desiccation</gloss>
@@ -20,2 +23,0 @@
-<gloss>dehydration</gloss>
-<gloss>desiccation</gloss>
@@ -25,0 +28,2 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
@@ -27,0 +32,4 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>dehydration (abnormal loss of body water)</gloss>
3. A 2023-09-29 22:32:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
  Comments:
From rejected 2858877.
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23,6 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<gloss>spinning (laundry)</gloss>
+<gloss>spin cycle</gloss>
+</sense>
2. A 2020-07-12 07:48:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-07-12 06:47:04  Opencooper
  Diff:
@@ -21 +21 @@
-<gloss>dessication</gloss>
+<gloss>desiccation</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1431740 Active (id: 2278307)
沈静 [spec2,news2,nf35]
ちんせい [spec2,news2,nf35]
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ settling down
▶ quieting down
▶ cooling down
▶ cooling off
2. [n,adj-na]
▶ stillness
▶ quiet
▶ tranquility

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2023-09-29 13:08:33  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-09-28 22:49:20  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daij, meikyo
  Comments:
I think this is better as two senses.
  Diff:
@@ -17 +16,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
@@ -21,2 +20,8 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1432120">鎮静・ちんせい・1</xref>
-<s_inf>esp. naturally-occurring</s_inf>
+<gloss>settling down</gloss>
+<gloss>quieting down</gloss>
+<gloss>cooling down</gloss>
+<gloss>cooling off</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
@@ -23,0 +29 @@
+<gloss>quiet</gloss>
@@ -25,2 +30,0 @@
-<gloss>tranquillity</gloss>
-<gloss>dullness</gloss>
3. A 2022-07-27 02:58:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Bulk update of vs-vi-vt tags from meikyo
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
2. A 2011-08-23 08:45:26  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-23 08:43:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +19,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1432120">鎮静・ちんせい</xref>
+<s_inf>esp. naturally-occurring</s_inf>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1593950 Active (id: 2278289)
三弦 [news2,nf40] 三絃
さんげん [news2,nf40]
1. [n]
▶ shamisen
▶ samisen
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1579450 三味線 1. shamisen; samisen; three-stringed Japanese lute
2. [n]
▶ sanxian (Chinese lute)
3. [n]
▶ the three string instruments used in gagaku (biwa, wagon and sou)
4. [n]
▶ three strings
▶ three-stringed instrument



History:
9. A 2023-09-29 11:30:05  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Prog and wisdom also lead with 三弦.
8. A* 2023-09-29 00:43:01  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Every kokugo leads with the 弦 version. N-gram counts are basically the same.
╭─ーー─┬────────╮
│ 三弦 │ 17,372 │
│ 三絃 │ 18,225 │
╰─ーー─┴────────╯
  Diff:
@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>三絃</keb>
-</k_ele>
@@ -10,0 +8,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>三絃</keb>
7. A 2023-09-28 11:59:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2023-09-28 11:57:55  Marcus Richert
  Comments:
alignign w 4, 5
  Diff:
@@ -29 +29 @@
-<gloss>three string instruments (in gagaku; biwa, wagon and sou)</gloss>
+<gloss>the three string instruments used in gagaku (biwa, wagon and sou)</gloss>
@@ -32,0 +33 @@
+<gloss>three strings</gloss>
5. A 2020-06-09 00:31:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1602250 Active (id: 2278312)
冷奴冷や奴冷やっこ [sK] 冷ややっこ [sK]
ひややっこ
1. [n] {food, cooking}
▶ cold tofu (served with condiments)



History:
5. A 2023-09-29 13:16:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-09-28 20:42:55 
  Refs:
冷奴	230870	69.8%
冷や奴	60148	18.2%
冷やっこ	22662	6.9%
冷ややっこ	7738	2.3%
ひややっこ	9385	2.8%
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -14,0 +16 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3. A* 2023-09-28 16:43:44  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -21 +21,2 @@
-<gloss>cold tofu</gloss>
+<field>&food;</field>
+<gloss>cold tofu (served with condiments)</gloss>
2. A 2018-05-20 02:57:35  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2018-05-13 12:01:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
G n-grams:
冷や奴	60148
ひややっこ	9385
冷奴	230870
冷ややっこ	7738
冷やっこ	22662
  Comments:
Extra forms. It's usually served with soy and grated daikon, onion, ginger, etc.
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>冷奴</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8 +11,4 @@
-<keb>冷奴</keb>
+<keb>冷やっこ</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>冷ややっこ</keb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1668570 Active (id: 2278288)
回転木馬
かいてんもくば
1. [n]
▶ merry-go-round
▶ carousel
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1133990 メリーゴーランド 1. merry-go-round; carousel



History:
1. A 2023-09-29 11:28:15  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
回転木馬	        49,487		
メリーゴーランド	153,269
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1133990">メリーゴーランド</xref>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1684530 Active (id: 2278411)
禁治産者
きんちさんしゃ
1. [n] [obs] {law}
▶ (legally) incompetent individual
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2758220 成年被後見人 1. adult ward



History:
2. A 2023-09-30 12:38:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 18:39:07  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
shinsen:
  一九九九年から、成年被後見人とよばれる。
iwakoku (entry for 成年後見制度):
  二〇〇〇年に禁治産制度に代わり導入。これにより「禁治産者」は「成年被後見人」、「準禁治産者」は「被保佐人」に呼称が改められた。

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 禁治産者   │ 20,145 │ 31.6% │
│ 成年被後見人 │ 43,628 │ 68.4% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2758220">成年被後見人</xref>
+<field>&law;</field>
+<misc>&obs;</misc>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1712830 Active (id: 2278620)
準禁治産者
じゅんきんちさんしゃ
1. [n] [obs] {law}
▶ quasi-incompetent person
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1949780 被保佐人 1. person subject to a conservatorship or curatorship



History:
3. A 2023-10-01 01:17:36  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>a quasi-incompetent (individual)</gloss>
+<gloss>quasi-incompetent person</gloss>
2. A 2023-09-30 09:24:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 19:07:38  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5:
  改正民法(2000)により「被保佐人」となった.
iwakoku (entry for 成年後見制度):
  二〇〇〇年に禁治産制度に代わり導入。これにより「禁治産者」は「成年被後見人」、「準禁治産者」は「被保佐人」に呼称が改められた。

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 準禁治産者 │  9,114 │ 17.9% │
│ 被保佐人  │ 41,756 │ 82.1% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1949780">被保佐人</xref>
+<field>&law;</field>
+<misc>&obs;</misc>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1758490 Active (id: 2278278)
利ざや利ザヤ利鞘
りざや
1. [n] {finance}
▶ profit margin



History:
3. A 2023-09-29 06:44:54  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
利ざや	25198	65.7%
利ザヤ	5310	13.8%
利鞘	7845	20.5%
  Diff:
@@ -15,6 +14,0 @@
-<re_restr>利ざや</re_restr>
-<re_restr>利鞘</re_restr>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>りザヤ</reb>
-<re_restr>利ザヤ</re_restr>
@@ -23,0 +18 @@
+<field>&finc;</field>
2. A 2017-12-03 05:42:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2017-12-02 18:21:20  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
WWW hits
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>利鞘</keb>
+<keb>利ざや</keb>
@@ -8 +8,4 @@
-<keb>利ざや</keb>
+<keb>利ザヤ</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>利鞘</keb>
@@ -11,0 +15,6 @@
+<re_restr>利ざや</re_restr>
+<re_restr>利鞘</re_restr>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>りザヤ</reb>
+<re_restr>利ザヤ</re_restr>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1790110 Active (id: 2278282)
甘納豆甘なっとう [sK]
あまなっとう
1. [n] {food, cooking}
▶ amanatto
▶ [expl] beans (e.g. adzuki, cowpea, fava) simmered in sugar syrup and coated with granulated sugar



History:
9. A 2023-09-29 11:04:33  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -18 +18 @@
-<gloss g_type="expl">beans (e.g. adzuki, cowpea, fava) simmered in sugar syrup and coated with sugar</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">beans (e.g. adzuki, cowpea, fava) simmered in sugar syrup and coated with granulated sugar</gloss>
8. A* 2023-09-28 20:44:02 
  Refs:
甘納豆	122095	99.2%
甘なっとう	1022	0.8%
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>甘なっとう</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
7. A 2023-09-28 11:50:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2023-09-28 10:51:15  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think we should give more detail.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>sugared beans (adzuki, red, green, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>amanatto</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">beans (e.g. adzuki, cowpea, fava) simmered in sugar syrup and coated with sugar</gloss>
5. A 2023-09-26 21:41:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Quiet. Closing.
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1795030 Active (id: 2278412)
桜餅桜もちさくら餅 [sK]
さくらもち
1. [n] {food, cooking}
▶ rice cake with bean paste wrapped in a preserved cherry leaf



History:
2. A 2023-09-30 12:38:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 16:36:24  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
〈桜/さくら/サクラ〉〈餅/もち/モチ〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 桜餅    │ 173,899 │ 58.2% │
│ 桜もち   │  34,176 │ 11.4% │ - add (jitsuyou)
│ さくら餅  │  23,725 │  7.9% │ - add, sK
│ サクラ餅  │     725 │  0.2% │
│ 桜モチ   │     504 │  0.2% │
│ さくらもち │  64,460 │ 21.6% │
│ サクラモチ │     903 │  0.3% │
│ サクラもち │     306 │  0.1% │
│ さくらモチ │     221 │  0.1% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,7 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>桜もち</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>さくら餅</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -11,0 +19 @@
+<field>&food;</field>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2038780 Active (id: 2278313)
身の回り品身のまわり品 [sK] 身の廻り品 [sK] 身の周り品 [sK] 身回品 [sK]
みのまわりひん
1. [exp,n]
▶ personal belongings
▶ personal effects



History:
10. A 2023-09-29 13:19:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
身回品	508
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17,4 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>身回品</keb>
9. A* 2023-09-29 11:14:50  Tyler Winn <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
saw as 身回品 on japan customs form
8. A 2023-01-28 20:34:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2023-01-28 17:01:40  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 身の回り品   │ 147,940 │ 98.1% │
│ 身のまわり品  │   1,920 │  1.3% │ - sK
│ 身の廻り品   │     655 │  0.4% │ - adding
│ 身の周り品   │     273 │  0.2% │ - adding
│ みのまわりひん │       0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,9 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>身の廻り品</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>身の周り品</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6. A 2022-06-19 06:31:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes, someone didn't know that meaning of "effects".
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2063940 Active (id: 2286822)
清水の舞台から飛び降りる清水の舞台から飛び下りる清水の舞台から飛びおりる [sK]
きよみずのぶたいからとびおりる
1. [exp,v1] [id]
▶ to make a leap into the dark
▶ to take the plunge
▶ to jump in at the deep end
▶ [lit] to jump off the veranda of the Kiyomizu temple
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2858910 清水の舞台【きよみずのぶたい】 1. the veranda of Kiyomizu Temple (located on a steep hillside overlooking Kyoto)

Conjugations


History:
7. A 2023-12-30 06:41:50  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 清水の舞台から飛び降りる    │ 23,469 │ 95.7% │
│ 清水の舞台から飛び下りる    │    842 │  3.4% │ - (daijr, sankoku, kanjipedia)
│ 清水の舞台から飛びおりる    │    211 │  0.9% │ - sK
│ きよみずのぶたいからとびおりる │      0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6. A 2023-09-29 13:02:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2023-09-29 02:10:44 
  Diff:
@@ -23 +23 @@
-<gloss g_type="lit">to jump off the stage of the Kiyomizu temple</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="lit">to jump off the veranda of the Kiyomizu temple</gloss>
4. A 2015-05-15 02:54:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
N-grams
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>清水の舞台から飛びおりる</keb>
3. A* 2015-05-15 00:29:41  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
daijr
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>清水の舞台から飛び下りる</keb>
@@ -12,0 +16 @@
+<misc>&id;</misc>
@@ -15,0 +20 @@
+<gloss g_type="lit">to jump off the stage of the Kiyomizu temple</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2112280 Active (id: 2278349)
面の皮が厚いツラの皮が厚い [sK]
つらのかわがあつい
1. [exp,adj-i] [id]
▶ shameless
▶ bold
▶ brazen

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2023-09-29 22:24:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2023-09-28 21:52:04  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
〈面/つら/ツラ〉の〈皮/かわ/カワ〉が〈厚/あつ〉い

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 面の皮が厚い    │ 4,432 │ 85.2% │
│ ツラの皮が厚い   │   663 │ 12.7% │ - add, sK
│ つらの皮が厚い   │    58 │  1.1% │
│ 面の皮があつい   │    49 │  0.9% │
╰─ーーーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ツラの皮が厚い</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -11,0 +16,2 @@
+<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
+<misc>&id;</misc>
1. A 2006-12-04 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2183450 Active (id: 2296092)
ブルータス、お前もかブルータスお前もか [sK]
ブルータス、おまえもか
1. [exp] [quote]
▶ et tu, Brute?



History:
8. A 2024-03-26 18:25:13  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Jitenon has this expression with a comma.
  Comments:
https://github.com/JMdictProject/JMdictIssues/issues/122
Adding commas to readings to align with kanji forms.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>ブルータスお前もか</keb>
+<keb>ブルータス、お前もか</keb>
@@ -8 +8,2 @@
-<keb>ブルータス、お前もか</keb>
+<keb>ブルータスお前もか</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -11 +12 @@
-<reb>ブルータスおまえもか</reb>
+<reb>ブルータス、おまえもか</reb>
7. A 2023-10-01 09:00:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Drop it.
  Diff:
@@ -17 +16,0 @@
-<gloss>even you, Brutus?</gloss>
6. A* 2023-10-01 01:36:54  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Does this need an English translation? It's famous as a Latin quote and is virtually always left untranslated.
5. A 2023-09-29 13:08:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-09-29 05:40:52  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
jpwiki
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ブルータス、お前もか</keb>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2227110 Active (id: 2278274)
カエサルの物はカエサルに
カエサルのものはカエサルに
1. [exp] [quote]
《from Matthew 22:21》
▶ render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's



History:
7. A 2023-09-29 05:54:19  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<misc>&proverb;</misc>
+<misc>&quote;</misc>
6. A 2018-01-12 23:39:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2018-01-12 00:37:11  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Could be tagged both as proverb and quote, going on the def 
in daijs.
"神に対する務めと世俗の支配者に対する務めとを共に行うべきであると
教えたイエスの言葉。転じて、物事は本来あるべきところに戻すべきで
ある、の意で用いられる。"
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<misc>&uk;</misc>
+<misc>&proverb;</misc>
+<s_inf>from Matthew 22:21</s_inf>
4. A 2012-10-22 00:53:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'll drop the "quote" for now. It's in the database, but not in the DTDs, so I'd have a lot of fixing to do.
  Diff:
@@ -13,1 +13,0 @@
-<misc>&quote;</misc>
3. A 2012-10-21 23:36:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2319000 Deleted (id: 2278258)

バックグランド
1. [n] {computing}
▶ background



History:
2. D 2023-09-29 01:15:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Merged with 1098790.
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2488130 Active (id: 2278297)
[rK]
キロリットルキロ・リットル [sk]
1. [n] [uk] Source lang: fre
▶ kilolitre
▶ kiloliter



History:
5. A 2023-09-29 12:50:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-09-29 03:39:13  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 竏       │  1,617 │  2.7% │ - rK (daijs, koj)
│ キロリットル  │ 58,145 │ 95.7% │
│ キロ・リットル │  1,009 │  1.7% │ - add, sk
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -8,0 +10,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>キロ・リットル</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
3. A 2010-08-15 22:38:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Perhaps it existed once.
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +15,1 @@
+<gloss>kiloliter</gloss>
2. A* 2010-08-15 15:31:46  Jean-Luc Léger <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Funny because in France, "kilolitre" doesn't exist. Never understood why ^^
  Diff:
@@ -4,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>竏</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -9,0 +12,1 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
1. A 2009-07-17 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2620700 Active (id: 2278275)
公共の福祉
こうきょうのふくし
1. [exp,n]
▶ public welfare



History:
3. A 2023-09-29 05:56:39  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
2. A 2011-03-28 11:59:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ルミナス和英辞典, Eijiro
1. A* 2011-03-23 20:59:48  Scott

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jmdict 2729190 Active (id: 2278510)
同君連合
どうくんれんごう
1. [n]
▶ alliance of two or more countries under one monarch



History:
6. A 2023-09-30 15:42:59  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/同君連合
同君連合は、複数の君主国の君主が同一人物である状態・体制のことである。同君連合の形態は大きく2つに分けることができる。同君連合の各構成国がそれぞれ独立した主権をもち続ける人的同君連合 と、各構成国を超えた中央政府が置かれて一元的にコントロールされる物的同君連合 の2つである。
  Comments:
"personal union" is 人的同君連合.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +12,0 @@
-<gloss>personal union</gloss>
5. A 2023-09-29 13:05:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-09-28 20:46:32 
  Refs:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_union
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>personal union</gloss>
3. A* 2023-09-28 19:40:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daijr
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>alliance of two countries or more under one ruler</gloss>
+<gloss>alliance of two or more countries under one monarch</gloss>
2. A 2012-07-09 18:32:04  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2744980 Active (id: 2278305)
静かの海
しずかのうみ
1. [exp,n] {astronomy}
▶ Mare Tranquillitatis (lunar mare)
▶ Sea of Tranquility
▶ Sea of Tranquillity



History:
5. A 2023-09-29 13:06:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
tranquility 1039691
tranquillity 522131
4. A* 2023-09-28 16:15:46  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mare_Tranquillitatis
Mare Tranquillitatis /træŋˌkwɪlɪˈteɪtɪs/ (Latin tranquillitātis, the Sea of Tranquillity or Sea of Tranquility; see spelling differences)
  Comments:
While phrasal, this is a proper noun someone might realistically look up by name, so might as well do this here too...
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>Sea of Tranquillity</gloss>
3. A 2021-10-06 20:25:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -11,0 +13 @@
+<field>&astron;</field>
2. A 2012-10-11 07:32:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-09-18 05:00:31  Marcus
  Refs:
wiki, daijr, nikk

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jmdict 2794080 Active (id: 2278361)
手に取るように手にとるように手に取る様に [sK] 手にとる様に [sK]
てにとるように
1. [exp,adv]
▶ clearly (understand, see, hear, etc.)
▶ distinctly
▶ perfectly
▶ as if it were right in front of one



History:
8. A 2023-09-29 23:39:35  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs: すぐ目の前にあるように、はっきり見えたり聞こえたりするさま。
gg5: 隣の部屋の人声が手に取るように聞こえる I can hear the voices 「from [in] the next room clearly.
  Comments:
Not just seeing.
  Diff:
@@ -24 +24 @@
-<gloss>clearly (seeing, knowing)</gloss>
+<gloss>clearly (understand, see, hear, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -26 +26 @@
-<gloss>perfectly (understanding)</gloss>
+<gloss>perfectly</gloss>
7. A* 2023-09-28 11:39:49 
  Refs:
daijisen
  Diff:
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@
-<gloss>quite clearly</gloss>
-<gloss>quite distinctly</gloss>
-<gloss>perfectly</gloss>
-<gloss>exactly</gloss>
+<gloss>clearly (seeing, knowing)</gloss>
+<gloss>distinctly</gloss>
+<gloss>perfectly (understanding)</gloss>
+<gloss>as if it were right in front of one</gloss>
6. A 2023-09-20 04:03:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2023-09-20 03:22:54  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 手に取るように │ 149,083 │ 65.8% │
│ 手にとるように │  72,190 │ 31.9% │
│ 手に取る様に  │   4,291 │  1.9% │ - add, sK
│ 手にとる様に  │     788 │  0.3% │ - add, sK
│ てにとるように │     248 │  0.1% │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,8 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>手に取る様に</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>手にとる様に</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
@@ -14,0 +23 @@
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
4. A 2016-09-18 18:50:53  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
G-ngrams
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2796220 Active (id: 2278336)

バイビー
1. [int] [col]
▶ bye-bye
▶ goodbye
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1983760 バイバイ 1. bye-bye; goodbye



History:
4. A 2023-09-29 20:39:07  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>good-bye</gloss>
+<gloss>goodbye</gloss>
3. A 2023-09-29 20:38:39  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://domani.shogakukan.co.jp/329726
https://shi-go.com/byebee/
https://oggi.jp/6190414
バブル時代(1980年代)によく使われていた若者言葉です。現代では死語とされていましたが、現代でもあえてリバイバルして使う風潮がみられています。
  Comments:
Aligning.
Arguably [dated].
  Diff:
@@ -13,2 +12,0 @@
-<gloss>see you</gloss>
-<gloss>so long</gloss>
2. A 2013-08-07 11:40:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/バイビー (says it's a 人名!)
1. A* 2013-08-07 10:09:10  Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://dic.pixiv.net/a/バイビー
http://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/3242763.html

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jmdict 2798270 Active (id: 2278705)
皮付き皮つき皮付 [sK]
かわつき
1. [adj-no,n]
▶ with the skin on
▶ unskinned
▶ unpeeled
▶ unhusked



History:
6. A 2023-10-01 07:36:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2023-10-01 00:01:22  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, reverso
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>with the skin on</gloss>
@@ -20,0 +22 @@
+<gloss>unpeeled</gloss>
@@ -22 +23,0 @@
-<gloss>in the skin</gloss>
4. A 2023-09-30 09:03:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-09-29 22:25:12  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
〈皮/かわ/カワ〉〈付(き)/つき/ツキ〉の

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 皮付きの  │ 39,586 │ 76.3% │
│ 皮つきの  │ 10,764 │ 20.7% │ - add
│ 皮付の   │  1,478 │  2.8% │ - add, sK
│ かわつきの │     64 │  0.1% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,7 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>皮つき</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>皮付</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2013-09-02 22:35:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2834032 Active (id: 2278316)
タイル張りタイル貼り
タイルばり
1. [adj-no,n]
▶ tiled
▶ covered with tiles



History:
4. A 2023-09-29 13:24:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
タイル張り	119,356	59.3%	
タイル貼り	81,941	40.7%
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>covered with ceramic tiles</gloss>
+<gloss>covered with tiles</gloss>
3. A* 2023-09-28 18:15:37 
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>タイル貼り</keb>
2. A 2017-12-15 11:14:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2017-12-14 15:35:49  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5(タイル)
www-images
G-ngrams
 タイル張り	119356	  
 タイル張りの	 45542	  
 タイル張りに	  3374
 タイル張りが	  1175

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jmdict 2834324 Active (id: 2278508)
宇宙ゴミ宇宙ごみ宇宙塵
うちゅうごみ
1. [n]
▶ space debris
▶ space junk
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2770230 スペースデブリ 1. space debris; space junk



History:
4. A 2023-09-30 15:38:09  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_debris
  Diff:
@@ -20 +20 @@
-<gloss>orbital debris</gloss>
+<gloss>space junk</gloss>
3. A 2023-09-29 07:02:10  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
astron?
  Diff:
@@ -14,4 +13,0 @@
-<reb>うちゅうゴミ</reb>
-<re_restr>宇宙ゴミ</re_restr>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -19,2 +14,0 @@
-<re_restr>宇宙ごみ</re_restr>
-<re_restr>宇宙塵</re_restr>
2. A 2018-01-18 23:04:44  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,6 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>宇宙ごみ</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>宇宙塵</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +15,6 @@
+<re_restr>宇宙ゴミ</re_restr>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>うちゅうごみ</reb>
+<re_restr>宇宙ごみ</re_restr>
+<re_restr>宇宙塵</re_restr>
@@ -11,0 +24 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2770230">スペースデブリ</xref>
1. A* 2018-01-18 15:11:05  huixing
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/スペースデブリ

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jmdict 2839778 Active (id: 2278255)
チェロ奏者
チェロそうしゃ
1. [n]
▶ cellist
▶ violoncellist
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2072090 チェリスト 1. cellist



History:
3. A 2023-09-29 00:24:34  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
We don't use the [music] tag for people or instruments.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +12,0 @@
-<field>&music;</field>
2. A 2019-05-13 01:55:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think so.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<field>&music;</field>
1. A* 2019-05-12 16:54:17  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
チェロ奏者	22547
チェリスト	64131
cf
バイオリン奏者	30492
  Comments:
Worth having?

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jmdict 2842342 Active (id: 2278416)
春物春もの [sK] 春モノ [sK]
はるもの
1. [n]
▶ spring clothing
▶ spring wear
2. [n]
▶ spring goods



History:
4. A 2023-09-30 12:46:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-09-29 16:52:18  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Aligning glosses with 夏物 and 冬物

〈春/はる/ハル〉〈物/もの/モノ/もん〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 春物   │ 180,838 │ 88.3% │
│ 春もの  │   9,462 │  4.6% │ - add, sK
│ 春モノ  │   4,645 │  2.3% │ - add, sK
│ はる物  │     603 │  0.3% │
│ 春もん  │     165 │  0.1% │
│ はるもの │   6,635 │  3.2% │
│ はるもん │   2,177 │  1.1% │
│ はるモノ │     114 │  0.1% │
│ ハルモノ │      77 │  0.0% │
│ ハルもの │      26 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,8 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>春もの</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>春モノ</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -12 +20,6 @@
-<gloss>item used during spring (esp. clothing)</gloss>
+<gloss>spring clothing</gloss>
+<gloss>spring wear</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>spring goods</gloss>
2. A 2019-12-09 20:10:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2019-12-09 17:22:16  Alan Cheng <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs: 春に使うもの。特に、春に着る衣服。「春物のコート」
春物	180838

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2847627 Active (id: 2278315)
ニキビ跡にきび跡ニキビ痕にきび痕
にきびあと
1. [n]
▶ pockmark (caused by a pimple)
▶ acne scarring
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1045230 クレーター 2. pockmark



History:
5. A 2023-09-29 13:21:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-09-29 05:09:27 
  Refs:
ニキビ跡	212754	42.7%
にきび跡	207599	41.7%
ニキビ痕	33746	6.8%
にきび痕	39387	7.9%
にきびあと	4357	0.9%
  Diff:
@@ -17,5 +16,0 @@
-<reb>ニキビあと</reb>
-<re_restr>ニキビ跡</re_restr>
-<re_restr>ニキビ痕</re_restr>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -23,2 +17,0 @@
-<re_restr>にきび跡</re_restr>
-<re_restr>にきび痕</re_restr>
3. A 2020-12-09 07:49:43  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ニキビ痕	33746
にきび痕	39387
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,6 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ニキビ痕</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>にきび痕</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -12,0 +19 @@
+<re_restr>ニキビ痕</re_restr>
@@ -16,0 +24 @@
+<re_restr>にきび痕</re_restr>
2. A 2020-12-09 02:31:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-12-09 02:12:05  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ニキビ跡	212754
にきび跡	207599

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858843 Active (id: 2278310)
テレビ受像機
テレビじゅぞうき
1. [n]
▶ television set
▶ TV set
▶ television receiver



History:
4. A 2023-09-29 13:11:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Not sure that's needed.
3. A* 2023-09-29 12:31:01 
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>television receiver</gloss>
2. A 2023-09-23 19:23:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, luminous
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>TV set</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-23 14:36:17 
  Refs:
研究社 新和英大辞典 第5版; https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/テレビ受像機

テレビ受像機	11293

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jmdict 2858870 Active (id: 2278290)
進捗報告
しんちょくほうこく
1. [n]
▶ progress report
▶ status report



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 11:36:05  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD追加語彙
1. A* 2023-09-28 01:59:29  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://www.work-management.jp/blog/what-is-business-progress-report.html
  Comments:
進捗報告	20860
A+B, but pretty common.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858871 Active (id: 2278362)

つんつるてんツンツルテン
1. [adj-no,adj-na] [col]
▶ very short (clothing)
▶ too short
2. [adj-no,adj-na] [col]
▶ completely bald (head)



History:
3. A 2023-09-29 23:46:55  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, luminous
つんつるてんを	40		
つんつるてんが	52
  Comments:
Not a noun in daijr.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +12,0 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -15,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>too short</gloss>
@@ -20 +19,0 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
2. A 2023-09-28 12:02:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-28 03:13:14  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Kokugos, gg5, etc.
All but sankoku and shinsen have the second sense.

[col]: sankoku, shinsen, obunsha

〈つん/ツン〉〈つる/ツル〉〈てん/テン〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ つんつるてん │ 13,256 │ 69.4% │
│ ツンツルテン │  5,665 │ 29.7% │
│ ツンツルてん │     78 │  0.4% │
│ つんつるテン │     68 │  0.4% │
│ ツンつるてん │     29 │  0.2% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬───────╮
│ つんつるてんの │ 1,996 │
│ つんつるてんに │ 1,853 │
│ つんつるてんな │   723 │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴───────╯

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jmdict 2858877 Deleted (id: 2278354)
脱水
だっすい
1. [n]
▶ spin dry (washing machine operation)



History:
2. D 2023-09-29 22:33:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Already an entry. Adding extra sense.
1. A* 2023-09-28 04:36:48  <...address hidden...>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858882 Active (id: 2278333)

ロメインレタスロメイン・レタス
1. [n]
▶ romaine lettuce
▶ cos lettuce
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2858883 コスレタス 1. cos lettuce; romaine lettuce



History:
3. A 2023-09-29 20:30:01  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>cos lettuce</gloss>
2. A 2023-09-28 11:19:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Raw ingredients aren't typically tagged as [food].
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<field>&food;</field>
1. A* 2023-09-28 05:26:39  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs, koj, sankoku

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬────────╮
│ ロメインレタス  │ 12,391 │
│ ロメーンレタス  │      0 │
│ ロメイン・レタス │    274 │
│ ロメーン・レタス │      0 │
╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴────────╯

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jmdict 2858887 Active (id: 2278340)

ニューズリールニュースリールニューズ・リール [sk] ニュース・リール [sk]
1. [n] [rare]
▶ newsreel
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1091650 ニュース映画 1. newsreel



History:
4. A 2023-09-29 22:07:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-09-29 21:33:33  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
(平凡社)世界大百科事典
Prog's E-J entry for "newreel" mentions ニュースリール (after ニュース映画)

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ ニュース映画   │ 19,998 │ 97.6% │ - usual word for this
│ ニューズリール  │    286 │  1.4% │
│ ニュースリール  │    162 │  0.8% │
│ ニューズ・リール │     26 │  0.1% │ - sk
│ ニュース・リール │     25 │  0.1% │ - sk
╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

English N-gram Counts
newsreel   174,148
news reel   11,983
news-reel      678
  Comments:
If the anonymous contributors are just browsing kotobank for words to add to JMdict, I implore them to find something on this list instead
https://stephenmk.github.io/jmdict-reiwa/expansion.html

Not all of the words on the list are suitable for JMdict, but probably the majority are.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -14,0 +16 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -18 +20,3 @@
-<gloss>news reel</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1091650">ニュース映画</xref>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<gloss>newsreel</gloss>
2. A* 2023-09-29 20:32:09  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
This isn't in any of my refs. It isn't common. I'm not seeing a case for adding it.
1. A* 2023-09-28 11:35:23 
  Refs:
ニュースリール	162	36.2%
ニューズリール	286	63.8%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858889 Active (id: 2278337)
GB
ジー・ビージービー [sk]
1. [n]
▶ Great Britain
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2274150 グレートブリテン 1. Great Britain (island)
2. [n]
▶ gigabyte
▶ GB
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2002940 ギガバイト 1. gigabyte; GB



History:
3. A 2023-09-29 20:41:30  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Outside of a few specific contexts, "GB" isn't a commonly used abbreviation for "Great Britain".
  Diff:
@@ -18 +17,0 @@
-<gloss>GB</gloss>
@@ -23,0 +23 @@
+<gloss>GB</gloss>
2. A 2023-09-28 12:09:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-28 11:40:33  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
daijs

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858892 Active (id: 2278345)
弑する
しいする
1. [vs-s,vt]
▶ to kill (one's master, king, father, etc.)
▶ to murder
▶ to assassinate

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2023-09-29 22:21:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
[rare]?
1. A* 2023-09-28 14:26:08  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
All kokugos, gg5.
Most of the definitions are pretty similar.
meikyo: 自分の主君や父を殺す。
daijr:  主君・親など目上の人を殺す。


Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────╮
│ 弑する  │ 286 │
│ 弑した  │ 348 │
│ 弑して  │ 213 │
│ 弑される │  56 │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────╯

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jmdict 2858893 Active (id: 2278329)
根腐れ根ぐされ [sK] 根グサレ [sK] 根腐 [sK]
ねぐされ
1. [n,vs,vi] {gardening, horticulture}
▶ root rot

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2023-09-29 19:44:10  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD追加語彙
根腐れし	8,946
  Diff:
@@ -23,0 +24,2 @@
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
1. A* 2023-09-28 14:51:58  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, koj, sankoku, smk, meikyo, iwakoku, etc.

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/根腐れ
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_rot
"Root rot is a condition in which anoxic conditions in the soil or potting media around the roots of a plant cause them to rot."

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 根腐れ   │ 54,973 │ 81.5% │
│ 根腐    │  8,577 │ 12.7% │
│ 根ぐされ  │  2,302 │  3.4% │
│ 根グサレ  │  1,127 │  1.7% │
│ ねぐされ  │    486 │  0.7% │
├─ーーーーー─┼────────┼───────┤
│ 根腐れを  │ 12,477 │ 89.2% │
│ 根ぐされを │  1,168 │  8.3% │
│ 根グサレを │    161 │  1.2% │
│ 根腐を   │    150 │  1.1% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858898 Active (id: 2278304)
発症率
はっしょうりつ
1. [n] {medicine}
▶ incidence rate



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 13:05:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-28 16:47:14  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, 医学大辞典
G n-grams: 56,651

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858899 Active (id: 2278346)
未出
みしゅつ
1. [adj-no,n]
▶ unpublished
▶ unreleased
▶ never-before-seen
Cross references:
  ⇒ ant: 2028890 既出 1. previously presented; already shown; previously posed (exam question); aforementioned



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 22:22:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-28 17:57:17  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
iwakoku, koj

「━のテスト問題」「提案は━だ」

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬───────╮
│ 未出 │ 5,077 │
╰─ーー─┴───────╯

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jmdict 2858900 Active (id: 2278328)
舌長
したなが
1. [adj-na]
▶ boastful (language)
▶ audacious
▶ arrogant
▶ presumptuous



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 19:35:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>boastful (words)</gloss>
+<gloss>boastful (language)</gloss>
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>presumptuous</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-28 18:33:22  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, koj, iwakoku, smk, shinsen

only daijs and shinsen have a noun tag.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬───────╮
│ 舌長 │ 1,150 │
╰─ーー─┴───────╯

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858901 Active (id: 2278298)
病理解剖
びょうりかいぼう
1. [n] {medicine}
▶ clinical autopsy
▶ pathological autopsy



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 12:50:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-28 18:41:44  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, koj, sankoku, iwakoku, gg5, etc.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬────────╮
│ 病理解剖     │ 15,511 │
│ びょうりかいぼう │    137 │
╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴────────╯
  Comments:
As opposed to a forensic autopsy

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jmdict 2858902 Active (id: 2278356)
真反対ま反対 [sK]
まはんたい
1. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
▶ exactly the opposite (of)
▶ completely opposite
▶ quite contrary
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1377750 正反対 1. exactly the opposite (of); completely opposite; quite contrary



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 22:49:33  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
(正反対) gg5, prog, luminous
  Diff:
@@ -18 +18,4 @@
-<gloss>exactly opposite (of)</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1377750">正反対</xref>
+<gloss>exactly the opposite (of)</gloss>
+<gloss>completely opposite</gloss>
+<gloss>quite contrary</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-28 18:59:57  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, iwakoku (say it's a synonym/variant of 正反対)

〈真/ま/マ〉〈反/はん/ハン〉〈対/たい/タイ〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 真反対   │ 14,697 │ 92.8% │
│ ま反対   │  1,025 │  6.5% │
│ マ反対   │     88 │  0.6% │
│ まはんたい │     20 │  0.1% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
╭─ーーーー─┬────────╮
│ 真反対  │ 14,697 │
│ 真反対の │  5,902 │
│ 真反対に │  2,302 │
│ 真反対な │  1,148 │
│ 真反対さ │    146 │
│ 真反対と │    144 │
│ 真反対を │    173 │
│ 真反対が │     47 │
│ 真反対は │     20 │
╰─ーーーー─┴────────╯

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858903 Active (id: 2278351)
骨太い
ほねぶとい
1. [adj-i]
▶ big-boned
▶ sturdily build
▶ stout
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1667970 骨太 1. big-boned; sturdily built; stout
2. [adj-i]
▶ solid (plan, storyline, etc.)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1667970 骨太 2. solid (plan, storyline, etc.)

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2023-09-29 22:25:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-28 19:33:13  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
iwakoku, sankoku (just define it as 骨太)

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬─────────╮
│ 骨太い │   1,869 │
│ 骨太さ │   4,341 │
├─ーーー─┼─────────┤
│ 骨太  │ 297,191 │
╰─ーーー─┴─────────╯

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858904 Active (id: 2278302)
構成国
こうせいこく
1. [n]
▶ constituent country
▶ constituent nation



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 13:04:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-28 19:33:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD追加語彙, jwiki
G n-grams: 12,108

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jmdict 2858905 Active (id: 2278393)
企業城下町
きぎょうじょうかまち
1. [n]
▶ company town
▶ town whose economy is largely dependent on one company



History:
4. A 2023-09-30 09:44:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The JEs/EJs all use it, but the second gloss helps a lot.
3. A* 2023-09-29 23:15:41  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr: 経済活動が一有力企業の存在に多く依存している市町村。封建領主のもとの城下町にたとえていう語。
m-w: a community that is dependent on one firm for all or most of the necessary services or functions of town life (such as employment, housing, and stores)
collins: a town built by a company for its employees
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Company_town#Japan
"In Japan, an equivalent to company towns are "Kigyō Jōkamachi" (企業城下町 , Company castle town). However, these differ from company towns in that the companies do not own nor have developed these towns themselves. Instead, the term refers to towns where a specific company has a major influence on the town's economy as a result of that company or its subcontractors employing a significant part of the town's population. "
  Comments:
I'm not sure "company town" is the best translation here.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>town whose economy is largely dependent on one company</gloss>
2. A 2023-09-29 22:19:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-28 20:17:49  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, sankoku, gg5

Examples in sankoku are Toyota City (豊田市) in the Aichi Prefecture and Kadoma City (門真市) with Panasonic in Osaka.

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/企業城下町
  英語ではカンパニータウン (company town) と呼ばれる。 
  
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬───────╮
│ 企業城下町    │ 9,148 │
│ カンパニータウン │ 1,010 │
╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴───────╯

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858906 Active (id: 2278254)

ハーピスト
1. [n]
▶ harpist



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 00:20:08  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No, it should be dropped from チェロ奏者.
  Diff:
@@ -9 +8,0 @@
-<field>&music;</field>
1. A* 2023-09-28 20:27:58  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijirin, sankoku

I see we have the [music] tag on チェロ奏者 (cellist) but not on チェリスト.
I guess it's okay here.

ハ(ア/ー)ピスト

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬───────╮
│ ハーピスト │ 9,184 │
│ ハピスト  │     0 │
│ ハアピスト │     0 │
╰─ーーーーー─┴───────╯

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858908 Active (id: 2278299)
首枕首まくら
くびまくら
1. [n]
▶ neck pillow
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2858907 ネックピロー 1. neck pillow



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 12:52:01  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-28 20:40:14  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijisen

〈首/くび/クビ〉〈枕/まくら/マクラ〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 首枕      │ 2,213 │ 48.8% │
│ 首まくら    │ 1,487 │ 32.8% │
│ 首マクラ    │    43 │  0.9% │
│ くび枕     │    33 │  0.7% │
│ くびまくら   │   755 │ 16.7% │
├─ーーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤
│ ネックピロー  │ 9,055 │  N/A  │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯

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jmdict 2858909 Active (id: 2278314)
自打球
じだきゅう
1. [n] {baseball}
▶ batted ball that strikes the batter



History:
3. A 2023-09-29 13:20:34  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Looks OK.
2. A* 2023-09-28 21:05:42  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
A broader definition, I meant.
1. A* 2023-09-28 21:02:02  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, sankoku, gg5

Daijirin prefaces its entry with a more narrow definition (a ball hit by a batter), but all the other refs just say it's a ball that strikes the batter after it is hit.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬───────╮
│ 自打球   │ 9,104 │
│ じだきゅう │    44 │
╰─ーーーーー─┴───────╯

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jmdict 2858910 Active (id: 2278987)
清水の舞台
きよみずのぶたい
1. [exp,n]
▶ the veranda of Kiyomizu Temple (located on a steep hillside overlooking Kyoto)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2063940 清水の舞台から飛び降りる 1. to make a leap into the dark; to take the plunge; to jump in at the deep end; to jump off the veranda of the Kiyomizu temple



History:
7. A 2023-10-02 13:29:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Oh well. Let it go.
6. A* 2023-10-01 01:15:13  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
sankoku: 高いがけの上にはり出すように作った板敷き。
meikyo:  切り立った崖の上に掛け渡してある。
smk:     高いがけの上に張り出すように作ってある。
iwakoku: 京都市清水寺の舞台は、高いがけの上に張り出すように作ってあることから。

清水の舞台(から(〈飛(び)/とび〉〈下(り)/降(り)/おり〉))

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 清水の舞台       │ 78,446 │ 52.7% │
│ 清水の舞台から     │ 54,881 │ 36.8% │
│ 清水の舞台から飛び降り │ 14,799 │  9.9% │
│ 清水の舞台から飛び下り │    418 │  0.3% │
│ 清水の舞台から飛びおり │    332 │  0.2% │
│ 清水の舞台からとびおり │     79 │  0.1% │
│ 清水の舞台から飛び降  │     37 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーーーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Comments:
Multiple dictionaries have dedicated entries for describing the deck's location and physical features. Those entries are followed by an explanation of the full idiom. So if we're okay with appealing to their collective judgement, this seems to be a useful entry.

The literal gloss on the linked idiom didn't make sense to me. I've seen photos and depictions of the temple, but I wasn't aware it was named Kiyomizu. I would bet that many other users also aren't aware.

The N-grams posted above suggest that 「清水の舞台から」 is often used by itself as an abbreviated reference to the full idiom or with expressions other than 飛び降りる. I think having this stand-alone entry would be useful for users who come across those variant forms.

I think it's also important that there's nothing about 舞台 that implies "verdana" or any sort of high altitude deck. The expression "清水の舞台" itself doesn't convey its most notable feature.
5. A* 2023-09-29 13:01:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think the "(located on a steep hillside overlooking Kyoto)" is needed. In fact I doubt this is needed as an entry.
(FWIW the 清水 is probably my favourite place in Japan.)
4. A* 2023-09-29 04:54:41 
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>the veranda of Kiyomizu Temple (constructed on a steep hillside overlooking Kyoto)</gloss>
+<gloss>the veranda of Kiyomizu Temple (located on a steep hillside overlooking Kyoto)</gloss>
3. A* 2023-09-29 02:26:26  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Just trying to convey to the reader why you wouldn't want to jump from it.
When I read "to jump off the stage" I assumed it was near ground level (like a concert stage)
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>the veranda of Kiyomizu Temple (overlooking a steep hillside)</gloss>
+<gloss>the veranda of Kiyomizu Temple (constructed on a steep hillside overlooking Kyoto)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2858911 Active (id: 2278296)
炭酸ソーダ
たんさんソーダ
1. [n] {chemistry}
▶ sodium carbonate
▶ soda ash
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2171810 炭酸ナトリウム 1. sodium carbonate



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 12:50:23  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2171810">炭酸ナトリウム</xref>
1. A* 2023-09-28 21:59:28  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, koj, meikyo, smk, iwakoku, gg5

Most refs just define this as another name for 炭酸ナトリウム.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬────────╮
│ 炭酸ソーダ   │ 11,444 │
│ 炭酸ナトリウム │ 21,528 │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴────────╯

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jmdict 2858912 Active (id: 2278309)
家数
やかず
1. [n]
▶ number of houses
▶ number of households



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 13:11:28  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<gloss>number of houses</gloss>
@@ -13 +13,0 @@
-<gloss>number of houses</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-28 23:09:53  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, koj, iwakoku, shinsen, and others (all define it as 家のかず。戸数。)

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬─────────╮
│ 家数  │  15,229 │
│ やかず │  11,197 │
├─ーーー─┼─────────┤
│ 戸数  │ 337,620 │
╰─ーーー─┴─────────╯
  Comments:
Glosses lifted from 戸数

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jmdict 2858913 Active (id: 2279723)

ドアガードドア・ガード
1. [n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "door guard"
▶ door latch
▶ door catch



History:
2. A 2023-10-09 12:41:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ドアガード	2984
https://www.kaoru-k.jp/glossary/ta/to005.html#:~:text=ドアガード (どあがー,とも呼ばれることがあります。
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ドア・ガード</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -9,3 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>door guard</gloss>
-<gloss>door latch guard</gloss>
-<gloss>door guard catch</gloss>
+<lsource ls_wasei="y">door guard</lsource>
+<gloss>door latch</gloss>
+<gloss>door catch</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-29 01:20:44  Anthony Russo <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
「てのひら怪談」(ISBN: 9784591174098) page 174: 「次にインターホンが鳴ったとたん、僕はドアガードをつけたまま玄関の扉を開いた。」

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jmdict 2858914 Active (id: 2278408)

から
1. [ctr] [col]
▶ counter for spiciness of food (e.g. curry)



History:
2. A 2023-09-30 12:29:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 02:53:44  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
https://www.odaiji.com/blog/?p=20995
ココイチの限界突破「20辛」カレーを食べてきた。うまい
  Comments:
Famously used by CocoIchi
but also by Muji here:
【2辛~4辛】南インドのカレーセット
https://www.muji.com/jp/ja/store/cmdty/detail/4550344172650?detail_together_01
https://www.muji.com/jp/ja/store/cmdty/detail/4550344172650?detail_together_01

and I think my local Nepalese curry shop also used this system, but I'm not sure

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jmdict 2858915 Active (id: 2278413)
辛酸をなめる辛酸を舐める辛酸を嘗める
しんさんをなめる
1. [exp,v1] [id]
▶ to undergo many hardships
▶ to taste the bitters of life

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2023-09-30 12:44:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 03:20:52  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, koj, sankoku
JEs (gg5, prog, saito) have this in example sentences for 辛酸

〈辛/しん/シン〉〈酸/せん/セン〉を〈舐/嘗/な〉め

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 辛酸をなめ   │ 13,916 │ 56.5% │
│ 辛酸を舐め   │  8,455 │ 34.3% │
│ 辛酸を嘗め   │  2,262 │  9.2% │
│ しんせんをなめ │      0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

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jmdict 2858916 Active (id: 2279692)
内密出産
ないみつしゅっさん
1. [n]
▶ confidential birth



History:
2. A 2023-10-09 04:19:42  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
wiki
  Comments:
All the English language Japanese nwspapers have articles on this with this phrasing
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>a delivery in which mother revealed identity only to the hospital otherwise remain anonymous</gloss>
+<gloss>confidential birth</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-29 04:26:24  solo_han
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/内密出産-1823584

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jmdict 2858917 Active (id: 2278294)
良きもの良き物
よきもの
1. [n] [dated]
▶ good thing



History:
3. A 2023-09-29 12:49:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2023-09-29 05:16:08  Ma
  Refs:
for the record:
よきもん	0	0.0%
良きもん	0	0.0%
良きモン	0	0.0%
1. A* 2023-09-29 05:14:51  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
良きもの	23525	45.1%
良き物	5777	11.1%
よきもの	22853	43.8%

https://ja.hinative.com/questions/6593114
  Comments:
arch maybe? but in current use

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jmdict 2858918 Active (id: 2293790)
板垣死すとも自由は死せず
いたがきしすともじゆうはしせず
1. [exp] [quote]
《allegedly uttered by Itagaki Taisuke, founder of the Meiji-era Liberal Party, after a failed assassination attempt》
▶ Itagaki may die, but liberty never!



History:
3. A 2024-03-09 02:40:05  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Correcting 〜しぜす to 〜しせず
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>いたがきしすともじゆうはしぜす</reb>
+<reb>いたがきしすともじゆうはしせず</reb>
2. A 2023-10-03 22:42:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I guess it's OK.
1. A* 2023-09-29 05:38:40  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
板垣死すとも	4691	60.3%
自由は死せず	3091	39.7%

English translation from enwiki, which quotes Jansen, Marius (2000). The Making of Modern Japan, p. 381.

Other alternatives
https://www.mlit.go.jp/tagengo-db/en/H30-00699.html
“Taisuke may die, but freedom shall never 

Donald Keane book: ''Itagaki may die, but freedom will never die!''

The Japan Daily Mail (1882)
"Should Itagaki die, the spirit of freedom shall not die!"

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jmdict 2858919 Active (id: 2281009)
王侯将相いずくんぞ種あらんや
おうこうしょうしょういずくんぞしゅあらんや
1. [exp] [proverb]
▶ high status does not depend on birth
▶ every man can achieve great power if he exerts himself



History:
4. A 2023-10-22 12:41:32  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&proverb;</misc>
3. A 2023-10-22 04:55:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Quiet
2. A* 2023-10-13 08:12:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q12177806807
  Comments:
Proverb? Not sure this makes it as an entry but it appears in quite a lot of web pages.
  Diff:
@@ -11,2 +11,3 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>every man, regardless of birth, has the chance to become someone with great power if he exerts himself</gloss>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<gloss>high status does not depend on birth</gloss>
+<gloss>every man can achieve great power if he exerts himself</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-29 06:27:10 
  Refs:
wiktionary nikk
王侯将相いずくんぞ	1878	 
fom the Chinese 
王侯將相寧有種乎

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jmdict 2858920 Active (id: 2278293)

カクテルバーカクテル・バー
1. [n]
▶ cocktail bar



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 12:48:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 10:17:04  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
カクテルバー	29541

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jmdict 2858921 Active (id: 2278556)
水枯れ水涸れ水がれ [sK]
みずがれ
1. [n]
▶ drought



History:
5. A 2023-09-30 22:13:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-09-30 15:58:37  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
〈水/みず/ミズ〉〈枯(れ)/涸(れ)/がれ/ガレ〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 水枯れ   │ 6,495 │ 71.9% │
│ 水涸れ   │ 1,776 │ 19.7% │
│ 水がれ   │   546 │  6.0% │ - add, sK
│ 水涸    │   163 │  1.8% │
│ 水枯    │    49 │  0.5% │
│ みずがれ  │     0 │  0.0% │
├─ーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤
│ 水枯れし  │ 1,301 │ 86.6% │
│ 水涸れし  │   177 │ 11.8% │
│ 水がれし  │    24 │  1.6% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>水がれ</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3. A 2023-09-30 15:34:12  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
NHK Accent
水涸れ	1776	- gg5
  Comments:
がれ, not かれ.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>水涸れ</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8 +11 @@
-<reb>みずかれ</reb>
+<reb>みずがれ</reb>
2. A* 2023-09-29 13:15:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>x</gloss>
+<gloss>drought</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-29 10:24:15  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
水枯れ	6495
https://www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/kensetu/page/0000272260.html0
高瀬川の水枯れの様子


https://goodgreen.jp/2018/08/15/note9/
水枯れとは水が足りなくて乾燥がおきている様子のことです。

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jmdict 2858922 Active (id: 2279752)

フリカデルフリカデール
1. [n] {food, cooking} Source lang: fre "fricadelle"
▶ frikadelle (pan-fried meatballs)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2859000 フリカデレ 1. frikadelle (pan-fried meatballs)
2. [n] {food, cooking}
▶ frikandel (minced-meat sausage)



History:
11. A 2023-10-10 00:48:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2023-10-10 00:26:37  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://tabelog.com/tokyo/A1302/A130201/13020105/dtlrvwlst/B313029836/
フランス語では、フリカデル(ドイツではフリカデレ、イタリアだとポルペッテ)
https://ateliercui.exblog.jp/240785043/
ドイツ民の愛するフリカデレ。女性冠詞でラ フリカデルはフランスはリール地方の郷土料理。
http://seiyouryouri.yokohama/alacart/hamburg.html
また、"Le guide culinaire"には、"Fricadelle"(フリカデル)の記載もあり、
  Comments:
We do now include the capitalised form in the lsrc tag whenever the gloss is lowercase. It wasn't until a few years ago that we started doing this consistently.
I don't think フリカデル comes from German. The spelling suggests a French origin ("fricadelle"). I found some support for this online. I suggest splitting out フリカデレ (which definitely comes from German) into a separate entry.
Might as well add a sense for frikandel.
  Diff:
@@ -10,3 +10,7 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>フリカデレ</reb>
-</r_ele>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2859000">フリカデレ</xref>
+<field>&food;</field>
+<lsource xml:lang="fre">fricadelle</lsource>
+<gloss>frikadelle (pan-fried meatballs)</gloss>
+</sense>
@@ -16,2 +20 @@
-<lsource xml:lang="ger"/>
-<gloss>frikadelle (pan-fried meatballs)</gloss>
+<gloss>frikandel (minced-meat sausage)</gloss>
9. A* 2023-10-09 21:17:43 
  Comments:
Well, shouldn't they? Or how are they different? The point is that German capitalizes nouns...
8. A 2023-10-09 12:36:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Not always. ウムラウト, キッチュ, etc.
7. A* 2023-10-09 12:02:18 
  Comments:
In other entries derived from German, the lsrc info contains the capitalized German word even when the same word is the first gloss.
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 2858923 Active (id: 2278410)
秋物秋モノ [sK] 秋もの [sK]
あきもの
1. [n]
▶ autumn clothing
▶ autumn wear
2. [n]
▶ autumn goods



History:
2. A 2023-09-30 12:37:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, ルミナス
1. A* 2023-09-29 16:48:52  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, koj, sankoku, iwakoku

Compare with our entries for 夏物 and 冬物

〈秋/あき/アキ〉〈物/もの/モノ/もん〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 秋物   │ 152,961 │ 87.2% │
│ 秋モノ  │   9,788 │  5.6% │
│ 秋もの  │   7,194 │  4.1% │
│ 秋もん  │     120 │  0.1% │
│ あき物  │      23 │  0.0% │
│ あきもの │   4,079 │  2.3% │
│ あきもん │   1,197 │  0.7% │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯

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jmdict 2858924 Active (id: 2278912)
矢板
やいた
1. [n]
▶ sheet pile (structural element used in construction)



History:
2. A 2023-10-02 00:00:43  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5:【土木】 a sheet pile.
daijr: 建築の基礎工事や土木工事などで,土砂の崩壊または水の浸入を防ぐため,周囲に打ち込む板状の杭。木製,鋼製,鉄筋コンクリート製などがある。
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/sheet-pile
one of a group of piles made of timber, steel, or prestressed concrete set close together to resist lateral pressure, as from earth or water
  Comments:
I think it's specifically sheet piling. All the kokugos say 板状.
A civil engineering tag might be useful.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12 @@
-<gloss>piling (structural element used in construction)</gloss>
-<gloss>pile</gloss>
+<gloss>sheet pile (structural element used in construction)</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-29 17:33:20  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
all kokugos, gg5

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/piling
  "Pilings are wooden, concrete, or metal posts that are pushed into the ground and on which buildings or bridges are built. Pilings are often used in very wet areas so that the buildings do not flood."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_foundation
  "A pile or piling is a vertical structural element of a deep foundation, driven or drilled deep into the ground at the building site."


Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 矢板      │ 138,918 │ 98.7% │ - (counts might be inflated by place names)
│ シートパイル  │   1,766 │  1.3% │
│ シート・パイル │      39 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯

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jmdict 2858925 Active (id: 2278348)
鋼矢板
こうやいた
1. [n]
▶ steel piling
▶ sheet pile
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1059490 シートパイル 1. sheet piling (method of interlocking sheets of metal); (steel) sheet pile



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 22:23:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 17:36:28  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, gg5

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 鋼矢板     │ 15,489 │ 89.6% │
│ シートパイル  │  1,766 │ 10.2% │ - synonym
│ シート・パイル │     39 │  0.2% │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

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jmdict 2858926 Active (id: 2278388)
成年後見制度
せいねんこうけんせいど
1. [n] {law}
▶ conservatorship
▶ adult guardianship



History:
2. A 2023-09-30 09:23:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>adult guardianship</gloss>
1. A* 2023-09-29 18:35:31  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, koj, meikyo, sankoku, smk, iwakoku, etc.

The jawiki article is linked to the English article for conservatorship.
From my reading of the kokugo entries, that seems to be an accurate gloss.

Meikyo says the old terms for this were (準)禁治産制度.

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/成年後見制度
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatorship

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーーーー─┬────────╮
│ 成年後見制度      │ 75,116 │
│ せいねんこうけんせいど │    291 │
╰─ーーーーーーーーーーー─┴────────╯

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jmdict 2858927 Active (id: 2278390)
漢心漢意唐心 [rK]
からごころ
1. [n] [dated]
▶ admiration of Chinese culture (as opposed to Japanese culture)
▶ the Chinese spirit
▶ Chinese soul
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1913430 大和心 1. the Japanese spirit



History:
2. A 2023-09-30 09:26:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ルミナス
1. A* 2023-09-29 19:46:41  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, koj, meikyo, smk, iwakoku, and others. Notably not in sankoku or my J-Es.

Shinsen has a 〘古語〙 tag.

Maybe not quite "sinophilia." Seems this is (was?) mostly used as a derisive contrast to 大和心.

〈漢/唐/から/カラ〉〈心/意/ごころ/ゴコロ〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 漢心    │     776 │ 16.5% │ - (1st form in most refs)
│ 漢意    │   1,792 │ 38.1% │ - (2nd form in most refs)
│ 唐心    │     162 │  3.4% │ - (iwakoku, mentioned in smk)
│ カラ心   │      68 │  1.4% │
│ 漢ごころ  │      42 │  0.9% │
│ 唐意    │       0 │  0.0% │ - (only shinsen)
│ からごころ │   1,798 │ 38.2% │
│ カラゴコロ │      64 │  1.4% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯

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jmdict 2858928 Active (id: 2278409)
植物病理学
しょくぶつびょうりがく
1. [n]
▶ plant pathology
▶ phytopathology



History:
2. A 2023-09-30 12:35:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 19:59:50  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daijs, koj

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2858929 Active (id: 2278407)
朝食会場
ちょうしょくかいじょう
1. [n]
▶ breakfast restaurant (of a hotel, etc.)



History:
2. A 2023-09-30 12:27:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 23:19:59  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
朝食会場	20264
eij

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jmnedict 5742179 Active (id: 2278284)

セアラーセアラ
1. [place]
▶ Ceará (Brazil)



History:
4. A 2023-09-29 11:22:27  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-09-28 23:42:09  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://www.brasilnippou.com/2023/230929-19brasil.html
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>セアラ</reb>
2. A 2019-12-25 14:53:33  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2019-12-23 10:10:41  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
wiki

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5746466 Active (id: 2278339)
チュラロンコン大学
チュラロンコンだいがく
1. [organization]
▶ Chulalongkorn University (Thailand)



History:
2. A 2023-09-29 22:06:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-09-29 18:03:55  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daijirin

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/チュラーロンコーン大学
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chulalongkorn_University

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーー─┬───────╮
│ チュラロンコン   │ 4,168 │
│ チュラロンコン大学 │ 3,280 │
╰─ーーーーーーーーー─┴───────╯

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