gg5, RP

@@ -18 +17,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -19,0 +19 @@
+<gloss>benevolence</gloss>

gg5

It's in GG5 and prog. Quite a few hits in Aozora. I don't think it needs a rare tag.

@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
@@ -13,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>charitable spirit</gloss>

慈善	192468	99.8%
慈善心	371	0.2%

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/ja/dictionary/english/liberality
respect for and acceptance of many different types of beliefs or behaviour:

https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=慈善心
charitable spirit
beneficently
admirable charity

We have 慈善 as:
charity; philanthropy

If you look at all the entries beginning 慈善, they all center on philanthropy and charity.

The incongruent appearance of "liberality" seems off to me, but the internet tells me one sense of "liberality" is "generosity".  If so, I'd just opt for "generosity".  

But I'm not sure a second gloss is even necessary here. "benevolent" and "benevolence" seem reasonably well-accepted(and this is a rare term).

https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/慈善心
あれは慈善心のある人だ
He is a benevolent man―a man of charitable disposition

@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
@@ -13 +13,0 @@
-<gloss>liberality</gloss>

gg5, daij, meikyo

I don't think the gloss should contain "(role)". It doesn't have to be a person.

@@ -18 +18 @@
-<gloss>(role) model</gloss>
+<gloss>model</gloss>
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>exemplar</gloss>
@@ -23,0 +25,2 @@
+<gloss>model handwriting</gloss>
+<gloss>model drawing</gloss>

GG5, etc.

All 11 sentences are for the role model sense. I'll adjust them.

@@ -19 +19,2 @@
-<gloss>example (e.g. of how to act, how to perform a task)</gloss>
+<gloss>(good) example</gloss>
+<gloss>paragon</gloss>

Lots of instances of "example":
https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/手本

Includes "example", does not include "pattern", and reverso also does not include "pattern".
https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=手本

See new entries 手本を示す and 手本を見せる for the flavor of "model"/"example" here.  I've encountered no examples where "pattern" would be particularly useful (and no other reference has suggested it).

Not sure on this... do we order on frequency?  It has become apparent to me that the frequency of this term is driven by "model", not "copybook". (I looked at ngrams, and had to research whether 手本を見せる and 手本を示す where about displaying one's copybook in class, or the "modeling" usage.  I can confirm it is the latter).

We have "良き手本": "good example"

We have "お手本"
role model; example

"お" is 美化語(a la お茶) and does not generally change the meaning (手本 appears in all the same collocations with and without お).

eow.alc also includes a huge number of collocations, generally using "model" or "example".

In the case of both "model" and "example", these are in the sense of "behavior to be emulated".　A few extremely common collocations：
（お）手本となる人物　手本となる人　(role model)
（お）手本となる会社 ((role) model, for other companies to follow)

We've glossed 手本 directly as "role model", I guess it is true enough that in English a person who acts as a role model is a role model.

@@ -18 +18,2 @@
-<gloss>copybook</gloss>
+<gloss>(role) model</gloss>
+<gloss>example (e.g. of how to act, how to perform a task)</gloss>
@@ -22,2 +23 @@
-<gloss>model</gloss>
-<gloss>pattern</gloss>
+<gloss>copybook</gloss>

GG5: junmai sake; sake in which the only ingredients are rice and yeast
中辞典: sake in which the only ingredients are rice and yeast
ルミナス: 	pure rice sake

Glosses need to be understandable.

@@ -12,3 +12 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2567870">純米</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2567870">純米</xref>
-<gloss>junmai sake</gloss>
+<gloss>junmai sake (sake in which the only ingredients are rice and yeast)</gloss>

I did my original searches for 吟醸純米, but the rational is identical:

Google search (a giant America Liquor store, can't browse from outside of the US so I use a google search)
site:www.totalwine.com ginjo junmai

More-often-then not glossed as  junmai ginjo (sake), or  junmai ginjoshu.
https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/純米吟醸酒

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sake
Junmai (純米) is a term used for the sake that is made of pure rice wine without any additional distilled alcohol.

The xref, if approved, should be [see=純米[2]]  (I cannot create it)

純米酒 is overwhelmingly translated into English directly as "junmai sake" (or sometimes even junmai-shu/junmaishu).

We could create an [expl] here that reads:
[expl] sake made from only rice, kōji, and water, without the use of distilled alcohol

Or we could just let the xref solve the problem, which is basically what we do for the ginjo half of junmaiginjo

@@ -12 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>sake made without added alcohol or sugar</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2567870">純米</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2567870">純米</xref>
+<gloss>junmai sake</gloss>

GG5, etc.

Correct.

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>removal of make-up before going to sleep</gloss>
+<gloss>cosmetics put on before going to bed</gloss>

"removal" is wrong.

shinsen: 「専問」と書くのはあやまり。

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬────────────╮
│ 専門　　 │ 45,063,749 │
│ 專門　　 │     15,759 │
│ 専問　　 │      1,226 │ - add, sK
│ 專問　　 │         67 │ - add, sK
│ せんもん │     87,288 │
╰─ーーーー─┴────────────╯

@@ -11,0 +12,8 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>専問</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>專問</keb>

gg5: 一年生なのでグラウンドではまだ球拾い専門です.　As I'm first-year, the only thing I do is chase balls out on the field.
専門	45,063,749	100.0%	
專門	15,759	        <0.1%

Not just interests.

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -22 +21,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -25,2 +24 @@
-<gloss>subject of study</gloss>
-<gloss>major</gloss>
+<gloss>special subject of study</gloss>
@@ -28 +26,2 @@
-<gloss>field</gloss>
+<gloss>(one's) field</gloss>
+<gloss>(one's) major</gloss>
@@ -32 +30,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -34,0 +33,3 @@
+<gloss>concentrating exclusively on</gloss>
+<gloss>doing exclusively</gloss>
+<gloss>sticking to</gloss>

I think "past life" is misleading.

@@ -17,2 +17,2 @@
-<gloss>elapsed lifetime</gloss>
-<gloss>one's (past) life</gloss>
+<gloss>half one's life</gloss>
+<gloss>one's life so far</gloss>

* meikyo; daijs
* wisdom: 【現在までの人生】one's (past) life; 【一生の大半】most [the best part] of one's life.
* genius: half one's life, one's life until now

@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@
+<gloss>elapsed lifetime</gloss>
+<gloss>one's (past) life</gloss>

gg5, daijr
普遍性	152,322		
普偏性	63		
普辺性	0

RP has 普遍性 for "catholicity" but it's probably not a helpful gloss. I don't think "ubiquity" and "omnipresence" are quite right.

@@ -9,5 +9 @@
-<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>普辺性</keb>
-<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -21,2 +16,0 @@
-<gloss>ubiquity</gloss>
-<gloss>omnipresence</gloss>

I wrote a whole treatise here, if you'd like to read it, just reject this edit and I'll make the argument.  

"Scott" tried to remove "catholicity" in 2016 at the same time that he noticed a dup with "普偏性".

With an "I'm inclined to agree" from Jim, the dups got merged, but "catholicity" returned. I don't know if this was intentional or not. 

If it was an oversight, then we're all on the same page, and I can save you the time :)

If you like, here's an excellent discussion here with many contrasting views on limited recognition of "small-c catholic" in the English-speaking world(this was all new to me).
https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/208949/catholic-with-a-small-c

@@ -23 +22,0 @@
-<gloss>catholicity</gloss>

Weblio thesaurus, n-grams

I'm inclined to agree. Merging.

@@ -5,0 +6,8 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>普偏性</keb>
+<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>普辺性</keb>
+<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
@@ -12,0 +21,3 @@
+<gloss>ubiquity</gloss>
+<gloss>omnipresence</gloss>
+<gloss>catholicity</gloss>

I think that it makes the meaning less clear.
Also, I think that this is a duplicate with 普偏性 (1602830)

@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<gloss>catholicity</gloss>

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/不同意性交等罪#強姦罪と強制性交等罪、不同意性交等罪の違い
https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/2241

As of this year (2023), Japanese law has a single crime for rape that covers various circumstances. Before that, there was a distinction between "rape involving violence or threat" and "incapacitated rape". According to the kokugos, 暴行 refers to the former category.
In US federal law, the terminology is "by force or threat". Maybe just "by force" is sufficient.

@@ -25,0 +26 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -27,2 +28 @@
-<pos>&vt;</pos>
-<gloss>rape</gloss>
+<gloss>rape (by force)</gloss>

I assume the intended nuance from "(violent)" might be similar to the typically-understood distinction between "assault" and "aggravated assault"? Of course the action in question is inherently violent, but we cannot deny that there is nevertheless a significant difference in *character* between the stereotypical "jumped in an alley" scenario versus the (tragically) more common "taken advantage of by someone you trust" scenario... Is there anyone familiar with how these distinctions are drawn in practice in, for example, Japanese law? What an unpleasant topic.

dictionary.com:
rape
unlawful sexual intercourse or any other sexual penetration of the vagina, anus, or mouth of another person, with or without force ...

A fair point. Possibly the refs Marcus mentioned were making a pont we'd not really attempt in English.

OK. Thanks. I'll fiddle a few sentences.

Looks good.

Sounds like a reasonable move. About 10% of the ~260 example sentences are for appointment/date usage.
I'll see up the edit and see if there is agreement. If this goes ahead the お約束 entry should be aligned and some of the sentences reindexed. The currentl selected sentence is for the "date" sense.

@@ -25,0 +26,3 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>

I've always felt "appointment/engagement/date" to be distinct enough from "promise" in English to be its own sense. Though it seems of all the refs, only prog/wikt actually separate it.

普遍	824,981		
普遍し	476		
普遍する	277

Not vs in the JEs or smaller kokugos.

@@ -27 +26,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 普遍　 │ 824,981 │ 99.3% │
│ 普偏　 │   1,475 │  0.2% │ - sK
│ 普辺　 │      36 │  0.0% │ - sK
│ ふへん │   4,373 │  0.5% │
╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

御祓い is common. 御祓 is the only form in daijr/s and koj.

@@ -9 +8,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -13 +11,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -12 +13 @@
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

お祓い	131625	77.9%
御祓い	30661	18.2%
御祓	6635	3.9%

@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>

Daijr, Daijs

@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>御祓</keb>

I think we can drop it.

@@ -9,4 +8,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>御秡い</keb>
-<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>

I agree.

焼けぼっくい	2308	49.6%
焼け木杭	594	12.8%
焼け棒杭	297	6.4%
やけぼっくい	1451	31.2%
やけぼくい	0	0.0%

Despite it being in Koj, I think we can make やけぼくい [sk] and drop the restrictions.

@@ -18,2 +18 @@
-<re_restr>焼け木杭</re_restr>
-<re_restr>焼け棒杭</re_restr>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>

Daijr, GG5, 新和英中辞典, ルミナス (all only have やけぼっくい)
Koj for やけぼくい:  "「やけぼっくい」に同じ".

@@ -4,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>焼けぼっくい</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -11,0 +14,3 @@
+<reb>やけぼっくい</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
@@ -12,0 +18,2 @@
+<re_restr>焼け木杭</re_restr>
+<re_restr>焼け棒杭</re_restr>
@@ -16,0 +24,1 @@
+<gloss>ember</gloss>

gg5, chujiten
物議を醸し	45,182	54.3%	
物議をかもし	38,078	45.7%

Outside of prenominal use, "to be controversial" isn't the most suitable translation so I don't think it should lead.

@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>物議をかもす</keb>
@@ -12,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>to cause controversy</gloss>
@@ -14 +18,3 @@
-<gloss>to cause controversy</gloss>
+<gloss>to arouse criticism</gloss>
+<gloss>to raise a storm</gloss>
+<gloss>to cause a stir</gloss>

ngrams
物議を醸し	45182	  
物議を醸す	8975	

Google translate, if you drop "物議を醸す" alone in the box, spits out "controversial".

If you look at the entries here, there are more than 50 distinct collocations glossed as "controversial".  (this is quite unusual for this source to have so many)
https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=物議を醸す
Just a few examples:
controversial decision
controversial essay
controversial comments
controversial concept
controversial content
a controversial subject matter
controversial drama

If you look at reverso, it's almost entirely pre-nominal use, glossed as "controversial". (even not pre-nominal, it tends to get to turn into "controversial").
https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/物議を醸す
https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/物議を醸した

Google news, at least 50% of 物議を醸す use is prenominal.

Saw an attempt to add "controversial" as an adjective in 2017(Rejected (id: 1951831)).  It seems this was not without some merit. (see refs)

Seems this can be done with a simple "to be controversial" (a la 役に立つ - "to be useful").

I removed "a" from "to cause a controversy".  Both are grammatical and have their uses, but compare google hits:
"Trump caused controversy when"  many pages of results
"Trump caused a controversy when" 6 results
"The ruling caused controversy"  27 individual results
"The ruling caused a controversy" zero results

This seems consistent with 物議 as general public outcry. This use of "controversy" is as "a lot of public disagreement", not "a specific controversial event". 

"to give rise to hostile comment" is not incorrect, but it also doesn't seem likely to be used as a real-world gloss.

I can't find evidence for "to provoke", or see how this would work in a sentence. "He provoked her".... ?  eij was the source.  Was this "to provoke controversy"? Or maybe the adjective "provocative" (as in  "a provocative/controversial art installation").

There is some *minimal* support online(ie. random blogs) for glossing 物議を醸す as "provocative", but there are better Japanese words for this.  I generally encounter 挑発的 when looking, such as here(which uses both):
https://www.vanilla-gallery.com/archives/2019/20191126ab.html
...exploring provocative, controversial and surreal international artists.
...物議を醸す挑発的な現代美術の主要アーティスト

Adding "to be provocative" here just muddies the waters for both entries (物議を醸す and 挑発的).

@@ -13,4 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>to arouse criticism</gloss>
-<gloss>to provoke</gloss>
-<gloss>to cause a controversy</gloss>
-<gloss>to give rise to hostile comment</gloss>
+<gloss>to be controversial</gloss>
+<gloss>to cause controversy</gloss>

@@ -13 +12,0 @@
-<gloss>to give rise to hostile comment</gloss>
@@ -16,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>to give rise to hostile comment</gloss>

Making them search-only.

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<re_nokanji/>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<re_nokanji/>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>

ngram
偉そう	925937 78%
えらそう	208359 17.6%
エラソー	33216  2.8% 
えらそー	19325  1.6%

Added エラソー and えらそー

@@ -8,0 +9,8 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>エラソー</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>えらそー</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>

gg5, chujiten, prog

@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>pompous</gloss>
@@ -14,0 +16,2 @@
+<gloss>conceited</gloss>
+<gloss>snobbish</gloss>

Entry created

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rationalisation_(mathematics)

I don't think we need to explain it.

@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -18 +19 @@
-<gloss>rationalization (modifying part of an irrational expression, esp. denominators, to exclude roots or irrational numbers)</gloss>
+<gloss>(root) rationalization</gloss>

800 n-grams. WWW hits show it's being used this way.

Merging 2391160.

@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>有利化</keb>
+<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>

Entry created

meikyo: 以前に関係があって一度縁が切れていたものが、またもとの関係に戻ることのたとえ。多く男女関係にいう。
gg5: 焼けぼっくいに火がついた.　The old embers of their love blazed anew between them.
lumious: 彼らは焼け棒杭に火がついた The dying embers of their former passion blazed anew between them.
prog: あの二人は焼けぼっくいに火がついたらしい  Love seems to have flared up again between them.
焼けぼっくいに火がつい	521	76.6%	
焼けぼっくいに火が付い	51	7.5%	
焼け木杭に火が付い	        0	0.0%	
焼け棒杭に火が付い	        22	3.2%	
焼け木杭に火がつい	        55	8.1%	
焼け棒杭に火がつい	        31	4.6%

I don't think it's a proverb.

@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>焼けぼっくいに火が付く</keb>
@@ -12,0 +16,8 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>焼け木杭に火がつく</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>焼け棒杭に火がつく</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
@@ -19,2 +30,3 @@
-<misc>&proverb;</misc>
-<gloss>wood half-burned is easily kindled</gloss>
+<misc>&id;</misc>
+<gloss>the embers of a former relationship flare up again</gloss>
+<gloss>old love blazes anew</gloss>

焼けぼっくいに火がつく	259	91.5%
焼け木杭に火が付く	0	0.0%
焼け棒杭に火が付く	24	8.5%

Ordering as in 1742610.

@@ -3,0 +4,6 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>焼けぼっくいに火がつく</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>焼け木杭に火が付く</keb>
+</k_ele>

Add POS to proverbs
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-

@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<pos>&v5k;</pos>

@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<misc>&id;</misc>
-<gloss>Wood half-burned is easily kindled</gloss>
+<misc>&proverb;</misc>
+<gloss>wood half-burned is easily kindled</gloss>

Aligning.

@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>(role) model</gloss>
+<gloss>model</gloss>
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>exemplar</gloss>

Aligning

@@ -13,2 +13,3 @@
-<gloss>example</gloss>
-<gloss>role model</gloss>
+<gloss>(role) model</gloss>
+<gloss>(good) example</gloss>
+<gloss>paragon</gloss>

Unless we are putting "passbook" as a gloss here (and it probably doesn't belong with お), the xref should specify a sense.

Might want to align glosses when all is said and done.  I do not think the meanings between お手本 and 手本 are different.

@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1328390">手本</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1328390">手本</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1328390">手本・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1328390">手本・1</xref>

Entry created

Most refs just have sense 2.

@@ -16 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>made from only rice, kōji, and water, without the use of distilled alcohol</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2858716">純米酢</xref>
+<gloss>(of sake, vinegar, etc) made from only rice, kōji, and water</gloss>
@@ -22 +23 @@
-<gloss>junmai sake</gloss>
+<gloss>junmai sake (sake in which the only ingredients are rice and yeast)</gloss>

daijs' two senses:
https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/純米/

Google search (a giant America Liquor store, can't browse from outside of the US)
site:www.totalwine.com ginjo junmai

To the extent that we provide glosses, and not definitions, it seems the original GG5 gloss was correct for the [abbr] entry:"junmai sake".  Sake types are translated into English with the original Japanese terminology.

daijs also very clearly gives two senses, neither of which is an [abbr].  

Minimally 純米 appears in 4 common sake-related compounds, behaving like [adj-f] in all of them:

Junmai Daiginjō-shu (純米大吟醸酒)
Junmai Ginjō-shu (純米吟醸酒)
Tokubetsu Junmai-shu (特別純米酒)
Junmai-shu (純米酒, Pure rice)

daijs also identifies vinegar:
純米酢	15222

here's some others that came up in the ngrams:
純米焼酎 (shōchū made from rice, not potatoes)
純米にごり酒  pure-rice nigorizake
etc.

I don't see how we skip an [adj-f] entry for this.

"without the use of distilled alcohol" is not redundant, because distilled alcohol (or brewer's alcohol) can be made with only rice, koji, and water. daijs explicitly gives the same restriction.

@@ -11,0 +12,8 @@
+<gloss>pure rice</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-f;</pos>
+<gloss>made from only rice, kōji, and water, without the use of distilled alcohol</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -14 +22 @@
-<gloss>sake made without added alcohol or sugar</gloss>
+<gloss>junmai sake</gloss>

seems more convenient just to copy the gloss from 純米酒

@@ -14,1 +14,1 @@
-<gloss>junmai sake</gloss>
+<gloss>sake made without added alcohol or sugar</gloss>

gg5

GG5: ginjō sake with no added alcohol.

Glosses are expected to mean something to non-Japanese speakers.

@@ -12,2 +11,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2567870">純米</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2567870">純米</xref>
@@ -14,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>ginjō sake with no added alcohol</gloss>

See comments on 純米酒 and 純米.  We're a glossing dictionary.  This is translated into English overwhelmingly as "junmai ginjō sake".  

xref, if approved, should be [see=純米[2]].

We've already used an [xref] to explain ginjō.  If we use an [xref] for 純米, we can forgo the [expl] entirely (my preference).

Otherwise, the "proper" [expl] would seem to be:
[expl] high-quality sake made from only white rice milled to 60%, kōji, and water, brewed by low temperature fermentation without the use of distilled alcohol

This could come up in other terms that use 純米 and/or 吟醸. (I have no intention of entering additional sake types, but I think there is an argument for doing so).

@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2567870">純米</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2567870">純米</xref>
@@ -13 +15 @@
-<gloss>ginjō sake with no added alcohol</gloss>
+<gloss>junmai ginjō sake</gloss>

Aligning.

@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>ginjo sake with no added alcohol</gloss>
+<gloss>ginjō sake with no added alcohol</gloss>

gg5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrying_capacity

The other terms are barely used.

@@ -13,4 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>environmental carrying capacity</gloss>
-<gloss>environmental acceptable limit</gloss>
-<gloss>environmental assimilating capacity</gloss>
-<gloss>environmental capacity</gloss>
+<field>&ecol;</field>
+<gloss>(environmental) carrying capacity</gloss>

@@ -12,1 +12,1 @@
-<xref type="see">環境収容力</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2572240">環境収容力</xref>

http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/環境収容力

Promotion from WI1\4 (When trying to submit this, i got a comment, part of 
which read "please note that entries with unresolved xrefs can't be approved.") I 
am submitting the required cross reference item for this item right after this, so 
please take this into account.)

@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>environmental carrying capacity</gloss>
+<gloss>(environmental) carrying capacity</gloss>

gg5

@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<field>&ecol;</field>

@@ -11,1 +11,2 @@
-<xref type="see">環境容量</xref>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2572230">環境容量</xref>

<pre>
* "G3 ジーニアス英和辞典" as per the electronic dictionary at hand called 
"Casio Ex-Word Dataplus 3"
* http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/環境収容力
</pre>

Promotion from WI2 (When trying to submit this, i got a comment, part of which 
read "please note that entries with unresolved xrefs can't be approved.") I have 
submitted the required cross reference item for this item right before this 
submission, so please take this into account.)

I can find a few real hits but I really doubt it's an established term, unlike 自家醸造.

I don't inherently object to [rare] entries, but the "fix" to this one is an xref to 自家醸造, which kind of highlights that maybe this shouldn't be here in the first place...

This was added in 2012 with "Lots of results on google"(I suspect from 自家醸造). This was later downgraded to [rare], with a comment about "300 hits" (where?)

Is there an actual kokugo ref for this? Not on kotobank.

Searching for "自家醸", 自家醸造 is all I get (which we also have, and is quite common).

ngrams
自家醸	No matches
自家醸造	6710	

"自家醸した" *4* google hits, all automatic conjugations of *this* entry.
"自家醸した"　*4* hits on google books.
"自家醸する"　zero hits on google books, same automatic hits on google proper (machine conjugation)
"自家醸の" two? real hits on google. A few google books results (自家醸の酒). 

If seen in the wild, it is as likely a mistake as anything else (or a creative flight of fancy, I don't know).  If someone searched for 自家醸 here, they'll get the entry for 自家醸造 in any case.  If there is no kokugo support, I don't think we generally catalogue "mistakes" or rare neologisms.

And this term would be self-evident as A+B in any case.

300 hits, so i think [obsc]

@@ -13,0 +13,2 @@
+<misc>&obsc;</misc>
+<gloss>homebrewing</gloss>

@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@
+<pos>&vs;</pos>

@@ -8,1 +8,1 @@
-<reb>じっかじょう</reb>
+<reb>じかじょう</reb>

GG5: 醸造アルコール distilled alcohol; 〔酒製造工程で加えられた〕 distilled alcohol added to sake.

Fiddling a bit.

@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<gloss>distilled alcohol (esp. that used in some sakes and liqueurs)</gloss>
@@ -13,2 +14 @@
-<gloss>jozo alcohol</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">type of distilled alcohol used in some sakes and liqueurs</gloss>
+<gloss>jōzō alcohol</gloss>

Example: wikipedia uses "brewer's alcohol"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sake
Tokutei meishō-shu refers to premium sake distinguished by the degree to which the rice has been polished and the added percentage of brewer's alcohol or the absence of such additives. 

Commonly used. Google:
"brewer's alcohol" "sake"
"jozo alchohol" "sake"

National Research Institute of Brewing:
https://www.nrib.go.jp/English/sake/esakefaq02.html#04
What is Jozo-alcohol?
Jozo-alcohol is alcohol added in the process of sake making, and in making other liqueurs, such as Umeshu. Jozo-alcohol is made by fermenting...

SAKE 101: Brewer’s Alcohol (Jozo Alcohol)
https://en.sake-times.com/learn/sake-101-brewers-alcohol-jozo-alcohol
Chemically speaking, brewer’s alcohol, or “jozo alcohol” in the industry, is ethanol. It is typically made by distilling crude alcohol derived from fermented sugars or corn to around 95% purity.

https://sakeist.com/dictionary.html#40
Jozo alcohol must be distilled from an alcoholic beverage fermented from raw materials of agricultural origin. The alcohol is distilled like voka to over 95% abv to remove all flavour, before being sold to breweries. And it is stored by the breweries at 30-40% abv to reduce the risk of fire. The main purposes of adding jozo alcohol to fermented moromi are; ・to increase the expression of aromas, especially for ginjo sakes. ・lighter palate of sugar, acidity, umami and body, as well as crisper finish, called kire.

Checked a bottle of sake in the fridge, 醸造アルコール is an ingredient. This is not generic "distilled alcohol", it is a specifically regulated kind of distilled alcohol.

Been reading about sake, the term "brewer's alcohol" appears often, including wikipedia(first ref). As much as I'm not fond of it, "jozo alcohol" is also used commonly online (jōzō, with diacritics, is exceedingly rare).

While in the end ethanol = ethanol, this does appear to be a particular kind. So 醸造アルコール->"Distilled Alcohol" would be a one-way gloss. (note: reverso entries on "distilled alcohol" are *all* about sake production).

"distilled alcohol" is a common gloss, but I feel like a competent translator could still pluck it out of the [expl] if they find it more accessible.

@@ -12 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>distilled alcohol (sometimes added in the production of sake)</gloss>
+<gloss>brewer's alcohol</gloss>
+<gloss>jozo alcohol</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">type of distilled alcohol used in some sakes and liqueurs</gloss>

GG5
.
Example:
一方、醸造アルコール（95%アルコール）を添加すると、純米酒とはいえなくなります。た
だ、精米歩合を低くしたのであれば、「純米」という言葉を取り去って、吟醸酒や大吟醸
酒と名乗ることができます。

I agree.

@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>video game for the purpose of masturbation</gloss>
+<gloss>erotic video game made for the purpose of masturbation</gloss>

I think we just need one or the other. Having “porn game” and “game to assist masturbation” seems a little redundant.

@@ -14,2 +14 @@
-<gloss>adul</gloss>
-<gloss>porn game</gloss>
+<gloss>video game for the purpose of masturbation</gloss>

"game to assist masturbation" is surely too literal?

@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>game to assist masturbation</gloss>
+<gloss>adul</gloss>

Nice to have some references finally. I see the Jitsuyo one is quite old.

@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1478190">抜く・14</xref>
+<misc>&sl;</misc>
+<gloss>game to assist masturbation</gloss>

https://dic.pixiv.net/a/抜きゲー
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/抜きゲー
https://www.weblio.jp/content/抜きゲー

reviving this one. it's a real term

The comments I made about 撃ち漏らす also apply to 撃ち洩らす.

@@ -20,4 +19,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>撃ち洩らす</keb>

討ち洩らした	78 (also found in koj)
撃ち洩らす	34

@@ -15,0 +16,8 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>討ち洩らす</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>撃ち洩らす</keb>

gg5
daijr: 討ち取りそこねて逃げられる。「残敵を―・す」

漏らす is a suffix that can be used with all sorts of verbs. 撃ち漏らす refers specifically to shooting and would probably need to be a separate entry, but given the low n-gram counts it's probably not needed.
I'm making 打ち漏らす visible because 打ち取る is a valid form for うちとる.

@@ -8,3 +7,0 @@
-<keb>撃ち漏らす</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
@@ -12 +8,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -16,4 +11,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>撃ちもらす</keb>
@@ -32,3 +24,2 @@
-<gloss>to have (an enemy) escape</gloss>
-<gloss>to miss the chance at finishing off an enemy</gloss>
-<gloss>to have an enemy slip off one's sight before the final blow</gloss>
+<gloss>to let (an enemy) escape</gloss>
+<gloss>to fail to kill</gloss>

〈撃（ち）／討（ち）／打（ち）／うち〉〈漏／も〉らす

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 撃ち漏らす　 │   376 │ 29.4% │ - add
│ 撃ちもらす　 │   357 │ 27.9% │ - add, sK
│ 打ち漏らす　 │   169 │ 13.2% │ - add, sK
│ 討ち漏らす　 │   141 │ 11.0% │
│ 打ちもらす　 │   119 │  9.3% │ - add, sK
│ 討ちもらす　 │    82 │  6.4% │ - add, sK
│ 討漏らす　　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 打漏らす　　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 撃漏らす　　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ うち漏らす　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 討もらす　　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 打もらす　　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 撃もらす　　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ うちもらす　 │    35 │  2.7% │
├─ーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤
│ 撃ち漏らした │ 2,498 │ 55.5% │
│ 撃ちもらした │   574 │ 12.8% │
│ 討ち漏らした │   563 │ 12.5% │
│ 討ちもらした │   321 │  7.1% │
│ 打ちもらした │   265 │  5.9% │
│ 打ち漏らした │   231 │  5.1% │
│ 討漏らした　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 打漏らした　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 撃漏らした　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ うち漏らした │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 討もらした　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 打もらした　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 撃もらした　 │     0 │  0.0% │
│ うちもらした │    48 │  1.1% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯

Koj, dair/s, and gg5 have 討ち漏らす.

撃ち漏らす doesn't seem to be in any ref (despite winning the n-gram count). Maybe [iK] would be appropriate.

@@ -5,0 +6,19 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>撃ち漏らす</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>打ち漏らす</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>討ちもらす</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>撃ちもらす</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>打ちもらす</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -13 +32,3 @@
-<gloss>to have (an enemy) escape, to miss the chance at finishing off an enemy, to have an enemy slip off one's sight before the final blow</gloss>
+<gloss>to have (an enemy) escape</gloss>
+<gloss>to miss the chance at finishing off an enemy</gloss>
+<gloss>to have an enemy slip off one's sight before the final blow</gloss>

https://www.weblio.jp/content/討漏らす

Possibly rare term, though I did see it in a doujinshi.

成る程

Whoops Roman mythology

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<field>&grmyth;</field>
+<field>&rommyth;</field>

ngrams

フォルトゥナ　   6259   59.2%
フォルトゥーナ   4317   40.8%

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/フォルトゥナ
https://kotobank.jp/word/フォルトゥナ-123617
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/フォルトゥナ

Google suggests "Did you mean: ぽちゃる" for ポチャる.

@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>

ぽちゃる	212	76.0%
ポチャる	67	24.0%

@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ポチャる</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -9 +12,3 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2261920">ぽっちゃり</xref>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2842720">ぽちゃ</xref>
+<misc>&sl;</misc>
@@ -11 +16 @@
-<gloss>to gain fat</gloss>
+<gloss>to get fat</gloss>

https://thesaurus.weblio.jp/content/ぽちゃる
https://kotoba-search.jp/pocyaru

https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/leaf/dialect/1755/m0u/
https://www.weblio.jp/content/みるい
https://iamshogo.com/2016/03/16/dialect/#i-4
https://think-local.dmdepart.jp/project/20230328shizuoka1/#:~:text=実は「みるい」とは,で使われています。

Bizarre

I think we should explain how the game works.

@@ -24 +24,2 @@
-<gloss>takenoko nyokki (game in which players imitate bamboo shoots)</gloss>
+<gloss>takenoko nyokki</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">group game in which players put their hands together and try to raise them while saying "nyokki" without speaking over anyone else until only one player (the loser) remains</gloss>

たけのこにょっき	2175	44.8%
たけのこニョッキ	2106	43.4%
タケノコニョッキ	217	4.5%
竹の子にょっき	45	0.9%
竹の子ニョッキ	307	6.3%

@@ -3,0 +4,7 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>竹の子ニョッキ</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>竹の子にょっき</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
@@ -9,0 +17,4 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>タケノコニョッキ</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
+</r_ele>
@@ -11,0 +23 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>

https://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/たけのこニョッキ
https://w.atwiki.jp/nomikai-game/pages/30.html
https://edupedia.jp/archives/30239
https://45mix.net/takenoko-nyokki/
https://xn--68jza6c6j4c9e9094b.jp/category21/entry2769.html

ngrams

たけのこにょっき	2175   50.8%
たけのこニョッキ	2106   49.2%

にょっき wins by a hair

I think it's more slang than col.

@@ -14 +14 @@
-<misc>&col;</misc>
+<misc>&sl;</misc>

ばびった	794		
バビった	1,007

@@ -5 +5 @@
-<reb>ばびる</reb>
+<reb>バビる</reb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>バビる</reb>
+<reb>ばびる</reb>
@@ -14,0 +15,2 @@
+<gloss>to be startled</gloss>
+<gloss>to get a fright</gloss>
@@ -16 +18 @@
-<gloss>to feel frightened</gloss>
+<gloss>to be surprised</gloss>

Seems OK.

https://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/1632440.html
https://word-dictionary.jp/posts/4318
http://zokugo-dict.com/26ha/babiru.htm
https://meaning-book.com/blog/20190112145946.html
https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q113649696

ngrams 

ばびる	876   69.6%
バビる	382   30.4%

daijs, jwiki
ハイファンタジー	3,976		
ハイ・ファンタジー	1,992

Eijiro, GG5 examples, 1 Tanaka sentence

Probably OK. I'll reindex the sentence.

@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -12 +12,0 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>to give someone a lead</gloss>

https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/まずは手本を見せる
手本になる、手本を示す
例文to set an example to others

https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/よい手本を示す
よい手本を示すの英語
set a good example to

https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=手本を示す
手本を示す
set an example
～にもっと良い手本を示す
set a better example for
～に対して悪い手本を示す
set a wrong example to
～に関して手本を示す
set an example in terms of

and many more

Reverso has various other formulations, but the simple "set an example" is well represented.  Other translations are thematically similar: "we teach best by example.", 自ら手本を示す..."lead by example".  

https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/手本を示す

手本を見せる　and 手本を示す are the two most common を collocations for 手本.  I would argue that they are idiomatic (手本を示す in particular) and not guessable.  The also inform the somewhat ambiguous glosses on 手本.

ALL 手本 entries can be prefixed with お. Like お茶, this is 美化語, but both forms are common.  We've already got a couple of these pairs, but I'd hesitate to double all the entries over this.
手本を示す	6013	79.7%
お手本を示す	1532	20.3%

This is where I'd like to give a hint on usage.  For example eow.alc does this with 見せる:
https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=手本を見せる
（人）に～する方法の手本を見せる
show someone an example of how to

The point being that to say "an example of X", you need to modify 手本, which is the "example".  Maybe impractical here.

Closing.

I think it's much more obvious than 手本を示す, and doesn't really make the grade.
We really only include XXをVerb expressions if they are rather idiomaric.

https://nic-english.com/phrase/手本を見せる-英語-show-them-how-its-done/
みんなにお手本を見せて。
Show everyone how it's done.
「Can you show me how it’s done.（どうやるのか見せて＝お手本を見せて）」

https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/21094/
Show me how to do it! 
少し似ていますが、「お手本見せてよ」というのは、

https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=手本を見せる
（人）に～する方法の手本を見せる
show someone an example of how to

https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/まずは手本を見せる

https://ja.ichacha.net/english/子どもに物事の手本を見せるのは親の役目だ。.html
子どもに物事の手本を見せるのは親の役目だ
Part of the job of being a parent is showing your child how to do things

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/ja/dictionary/japanese-english/手本
手本を見せる / 示す
to show / to present a good example

ngrams:
お手本を	62570	  
お手本を見せ	13595	
お手本を示し	3945	 

手本を	43468	  
手本を見せ	9258	  
手本を示す	6013

Added with 手本を示す. 

This is more A+B and maybe less idiomatic than 手本を示す, so maybe it's not strictly necessary.  But it is by far the most common "手本を", and its presence in other references (dictionary.cambridge.org) is a testament to its utility.

I guess part of my intuition is that "手本" is a little odd from an English point of view. Glossed simply as "model" or "example", it's not apparent that 手本を見せる would be a common thing to say.

ティアリング	1049	63.7%
テアリング	599	36.3%
スクリーンテアリング	No matches

@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>テアリング</reb>

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/テアリング

G-SYNC はティアリングを除去し[...](https://www.nvidia.com/content/Control-Panel-Help/vLatest/ja-jp/index.htm#mergedProjects/nv3dJPN/antialiasing.htm)

Probably need entries for スクリーンテアリング and テアリング.

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/モーリン・オハラ

@@ -8,2 +8,2 @@
-<misc>&unclass;</misc>
-<gloss>O'hara</gloss>
+<misc>&surname;</misc>
+<gloss>O'Hara</gloss>

@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>A Song of Ice and Fire (epic fantasy book series)</gloss>
+<gloss>A Song of Ice and Fire (series of fantasy novels by George R. R. Martin)</gloss>

Adding spec1
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-

@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/氷と炎の歌

@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>アイム・エンタープライズ</reb>
@@ -8 +12 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&company;</misc>

https://www.imenterprise.jp/
https://ja.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/アイムエンタープライズ

@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>Tyche (goddess)</gloss>
+<gloss>Tyche (Greek goddess)</gloss>

Yes

@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@
-<ent_corp type="jmdict">jmdict</ent_corp>
-<ent_seq>2858685</ent_seq>
+<ent_corp type="jmnedict">jmnedict</ent_corp>
@@ -5,0 +5 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
@@ -11,2 +11 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<field>&grmyth;</field>
+<misc>&myth;</misc>

The kokugos and JEs don't have this. Probably better for jmnedict.

https://www.weblio.jp/content/テュケ

テュケ	424   74.4%
テュケー	146   25.6%