JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1197890 Active (id: 2221677)
雅兄
【がけい】

1.

[pn] [hon,male]
《used in letters to address a male friend》
▶ you

History:

6.	A 2023-02-11 20:00:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 18:55:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style, used by men to address men</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters to address a male friend</s_inf>
4.	A 2020-08-13 11:44:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2020-08-13 09:49:40 dine <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I didn't know there was a [male] tag
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&male;</misc>
2.	A 2020-08-13 07:49:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2020-08-13 06:43:34 dine <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/雅兄-461025
	Diff:	@@ -11,2 +11,4 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>polite word in letter to friend</gloss> +<pos>&pn;</pos> +<misc>&hon;</misc> +<s_inf>epistolary style, used by men to address men</s_inf> +<gloss>you</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1224690 Active (id: 2221718)
儀 [news1,nf10]
【ぎ [news1,nf10] 】

1.	[n] ▶ ceremony
2.	[n] ▶ matter ▶ affair ▶ case
3.	[suf] 《used in letters, official notices, etc. after a person's name, personal pronoun, etc.》 ▶ with regard to ▶ as for ▶ as concerns

History:

3.	A 2023-02-11 22:58:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2023-02-11 20:58:17 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, gg5
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<gloss>case</gloss> @@ -25 +26 @@ -<s_inf>used after a person's name, a personal pronoun, etc. in epistolary style</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters, official notices, etc. after a person's name, personal pronoun, etc.</s_inf>
1.	A 2018-02-20 23:04:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25,2 @@ -<gloss>with regard to (used after a person's name, a personal pronoun, etc. in epistolary style)</gloss> +<s_inf>used after a person's name, a personal pronoun, etc. in epistolary style</s_inf> +<gloss>with regard to</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1234190 Active (id: 2221693)
競走 [news1,nf13]
【きょうそう [news1,nf13] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ race
▶ run
▶ dash
▶ sprint

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2023-02-11 21:36:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
4.	A 2023-02-10 18:59:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<gloss>sprint</gloss>
3.	A* 2023-02-10 15:14:42 dom <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wisdom
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20,2 @@ +<gloss>run</gloss> +<gloss>dash</gloss>
2.	A 2022-01-22 01:32:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Correct POS order -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -18 +18,0 @@ -<pos>&vi;</pos>
1.	A 2021-11-18 00:42:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1237370 Active (id: 2221818)
教養 [ichi1,news1,nf08]
【きょうよう [ichi1,news1,nf08] 】

1.

[n]
▶ (understanding or appreciation of) culture
▶ (one's) education
▶ cultivation
▶ sophistication
▶ refinement

History:

11.	A 2023-02-13 00:59:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10.	A* 2023-02-13 00:35:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this removes all ambiguity.
	Diff:	@@ -18,2 +18,2 @@ -<gloss>culture</gloss> -<gloss>education</gloss> +<gloss>(understanding or appreciation of) culture</gloss> +<gloss>(one's) education</gloss>
9.	A 2023-02-12 02:45:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Probably not the best first gloss, as it also has several meanings.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>sophistication</gloss> @@ -21,0 +21 @@ +<gloss>sophistication</gloss>
8.	A* 2023-02-11 22:22:05 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think it works well.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<gloss>sophistication</gloss>
7.	A* 2023-02-11 15:10:45
	Refs:	http://www.jlogos.com/d001/704979910.html
	Comments:	would "sophistication" work? "culture" has a lot of senses and it's not obvious which one is meant even with these four glosses
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A 2023-02-11 00:16:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Fair enough.
5.	A* 2023-02-10 23:39:05 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, luminous, wisdom
	Comments:	Regarding Nils' 2011 edit, I don't think "cultivation" and "refinement" are any less ambiguous than "culture" or "education". This doesn't refer to cultivation/refinement of a skill, for example. All the JEs lead with "culture". I think we should too. Not adjectival.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18,2 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>culture</gloss> +<gloss>education</gloss> @@ -21,2 +21,0 @@ -<gloss>culture</gloss> -<gloss>education</gloss>
4.	A 2023-02-09 06:10:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-02-09 05:33:26 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Not [vs] in the smaller kokugos Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────────╮ │ 教養　　 │ 2,728,027 │ │ 教養し　 │ 514 │ │ 教養する │ 338 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────────╯
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos>
2.	A 2011-09-01 03:23:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-09-01 03:19:38 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reorder so more specific and clear “cultivation, refinement” are before the vaguer “culture, education”.
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +20,2 @@ +<gloss>cultivation</gloss> +<gloss>refinement</gloss> @@ -22,2 +24,0 @@ -<gloss>refinement</gloss> -<gloss>cultivation</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1250740 Active (id: 2221691)
敬具 [ichi1]
【けいぐ [ichi1] 】

1.

[n]
《letters ending with this start with 拝啓》
▶ yours sincerely
▶ sincerely yours
▶ yours truly

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1472260 拝啓 1. Dear (so and so); Dear Sir; Dear Madam; To Whom It May Concern
	⇐ see: 1293370 再拝【さいはい】 2. yours sincerely; sincerely yours
	⇐ see: 1284920 合掌【がっしょう】 3. yours sincerely; yours truly; sincerely yours

History:

7.	A 2023-02-11 21:22:17 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -16,3 +16,3 @@ -<gloss>Yours sincerely</gloss> -<gloss>Yours truly</gloss> -<gloss>Sincerely yours</gloss> +<gloss>yours sincerely</gloss> +<gloss>sincerely yours</gloss> +<gloss>yours truly</gloss>
6.	A 2019-12-08 18:04:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo けい‐ぐ【敬具】 [名] つつしんで申し上げましたの意で、手紙文の末尾に書く挨拶あいさつの語。
	Comments:	yeah, it's a noun, it's just hard to gloss as one in english. in the same way that "regards" is a plural noun when you sign off a letter using it, but you're kind of using it as an expression and we generally don't have single words marked as exp. if anything this might be an example of what should be called [n,exp] as opposed to our usual pattern of marking multi-word expressions that function as nouns [exp,n]
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos>
5.	A* 2019-12-08 15:05:29 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr (敬具) "手紙の最後に添える言葉。" (拝啓) "書簡の冒頭に記して相手に敬意を表す語。"
	Comments:	I'm wondering whether it was the right decision to change the PoS on this from n to exp. 拝啓 is still tagged as a noun; they should be aligned. The kokugos consider them nouns, but that's the case with all "〜を表す語"-defined words, even though they're not used like regular nouns. From a usage point of view, exp probably makes more sense, but maybe we want to stick with "n" just for consistency's sake.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1472260">拝啓</xref>
4.	A 2018-04-24 11:29:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree.
3.	A* 2018-04-24 10:42:20 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think it's more correct to call this an expression.
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13 @@ -<pos>∫</pos> -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&exp;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2011-05-30 11:14:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,2 @@ +<gloss>Yours sincerely</gloss> +<gloss>Yours truly</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-05-30 11:07:14 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Links term in note
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +15,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1472260">拝啓</xref>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1293370 Active (id: 2221671)
再拝
【さいはい】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ bowing twice
▶ worshipping again

2.

[n] [hon]
《used at the end of a letter》
▶ yours sincerely
▶ sincerely yours

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1250740 敬具 1. yours sincerely; sincerely yours; yours truly

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2023-02-11 19:51:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 14:41:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"yours truly" is quite informal. See comments on 1250740 regarding PoS.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -21 +21 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary closing formula</s_inf> +<s_inf>used at the end of a letter</s_inf> @@ -23 +22,0 @@ -<gloss>yours truly</gloss>
4.	A 2021-12-08 10:48:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -21,3 +22,3 @@ -<gloss>Yours sincerely</gloss> -<gloss>Yours truly</gloss> -<gloss>Sincerely yours</gloss> +<gloss>yours sincerely</gloss> +<gloss>yours truly</gloss> +<gloss>sincerely yours</gloss>
3.	A 2018-04-25 08:50:45 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&exp;</pos>
2.	A 2011-09-15 00:48:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2011-09-14 07:08:18 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	-split senses -rather sure that there's a semi-amusing typo... "clothing" -> "closing"
	Diff:	@@ -11,1 +11,0 @@ -<pos>∫</pos> @@ -13,0 +12,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>bowing twice</gloss> @@ -14,2 +15,9 @@ -<gloss>bowing twice</gloss> -<gloss>epistolary clothing</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1250740">敬具</xref> +<misc>&hon;</misc> +<s_inf>epistolary closing formula</s_inf> +<gloss>Yours sincerely</gloss> +<gloss>Yours truly</gloss> +<gloss>Sincerely yours</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1348390 Active (id: 2221639)
小生 [news2,nf45]
【しょうせい [news2,nf45] 】

1.

[pn] [hum,male]
《used mainly in letters》
▶ I
▶ me
▶ my humble self

History:

5.	A 2023-02-11 16:17:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<s_inf>used mainly in letters</s_inf>
4.	A 2018-05-16 04:10:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update: deletion of adj-noBulk update: deletion of adj-no -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
3.	A 2011-09-19 22:30:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2011-09-19 19:05:34 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +17,1 @@ +<misc>&hum;</misc> @@ -18,0 +19,1 @@ +<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> @@ -19,2 +21,2 @@ -<gloss>"my humble self"</gloss> -<gloss>ego</gloss> +<gloss>me</gloss> +<gloss>my humble self</gloss>
1.	A 2010-06-18 06:21:34 Paul
	Comments:	masc -> male
	Diff:	@@ -17,1 +17,2 @@ -<gloss>I (masc)</gloss> +<misc>&male;</misc> +<gloss>I</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1369710 Active (id: 2221790)
仁兄
【じんけい】

1.

[pn] [hon,fam]
《used in letters to address a male of equal status》
▶ you
▶ dear friend

History:

6.	A 2023-02-12 21:30:19 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<s_inf>used in letters in reference to a male of equal status</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters to address a male of equal status</s_inf>
5.	A 2023-02-11 19:44:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-02-11 12:31:54 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary term in reference to a male</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters in reference to a male of equal status</s_inf> @@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>dear friend</gloss>
3.	A 2018-05-16 04:10:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update: deletion of adj-noBulk update: deletion of adj-no -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
2.	A 2014-12-24 10:23:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2014-12-21 00:27:57 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,4 @@ -<gloss>term of address for a friend</gloss> +<misc>&hon;</misc> +<misc>&fam;</misc> +<s_inf>epistolary term in reference to a male</s_inf> +<gloss>you</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1385790 Active (id: 2221641)
折から [news1,nf22] ；折柄；折りから [io]
【おりから [news1,nf22] 】

1.	[exp,n,adv] ▶ just then ▶ at that time ▶ at that moment
2.	[exp,conj] 《used in letters》 ▶ as it's a time of ... ▶ in this time of ...

History:

5.	A 2023-02-11 16:44:18 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -32 +32 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters</s_inf>
4.	A 2022-06-12 22:53:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This is probably more natural.
	Diff:	@@ -33 +33 @@ -<gloss>because it's a time of ...</gloss> +<gloss>as it's a time of ...</gloss>
3.	A 2022-06-12 21:52:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2022-06-12 12:56:10 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog, wisdom daijr: （接続助詞的に用いる）…の時であるから。手紙などに用いる語。「酷暑の―御自愛下さい」折から 70341 80.9% 折りから 5649 6.5% 折柄 10032 11.5% 折り柄 918 1.1%
	Comments:	"appropriate moment" is an archaic sense. I've replaced it with the above sense. 折り柄 isn't in my refs. I think it can be dropped. I can't find a source for the おりがら reading.
	Diff:	@@ -10,3 +9,0 @@ -<keb>折りから</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> @@ -16 +13,2 @@ -<keb>折り柄</keb> +<keb>折りから</keb> +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf> @@ -22,5 +19,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>おりがら</reb> -<re_restr>折柄</re_restr> -<re_restr>折り柄</re_restr> @@ -34 +26,0 @@ -<gloss>right then</gloss> @@ -39,3 +31,4 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&adv;</pos> -<gloss>appropriate moment</gloss> +<pos>&conj;</pos> +<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<gloss>because it's a time of ...</gloss> +<gloss>in this time of ...</gloss>
1.	A 2021-03-28 05:16:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"n-t" conversion to "n,adv", etc.
	Diff:	@@ -30 +30,2 @@ -<pos>&n-t;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -38 +39,2 @@ -<pos>&n-t;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1516925 Active (id: 2221678)
方 [ichi1]
【かた [ichi1] 】

1.	[n] 《also ほう》 ▶ direction ▶ way
2.	[n] [hon] ▶ person ▶ lady ▶ gentleman
3.	[n,n-suf] ▶ method of ▶ manner of ▶ way of
4.	[n-suf] ▶ care of ...
5.	[n-suf] 《also がた》 ▶ person in charge of ...
6.	[n-suf] 《also がた》 ▶ side (e.g. "on my mother's side")

History:

3.	A 2023-02-11 20:06:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5: 東の方に in an easterly direction; to the east; eastward
	Comments:	No, it's correct. "Manner" is a different sense.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<gloss>manner</gloss>
2.	A* 2023-02-11 14:34:38 dom <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wisdom
	Comments:	Is "direction" OK here? It seems off given this sense of "way".
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>manner</gloss>
1.	A 2018-02-25 04:27:41 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -34 +34 @@ -<gloss>care of ..</gloss> +<gloss>care of ...</gloss> @@ -39 +39 @@ -<gloss>person in charge of ..</gloss> +<gloss>person in charge of ...</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1559410 Active (id: 2221811)
連結 [news1,nf17]
【れんけつ [news1,nf17] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ connection
▶ linking
▶ joining
▶ coupling
▶ attaching
▶ junction
▶ concatenation
▶ consolidation (e.g. of company accounts)

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2023-02-13 00:11:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-02-12 21:38:00 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, wisdom, daij
	Comments:	Not an adjective.
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +16,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -20,2 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>concatenation</gloss> -<gloss>coupling</gloss> @@ -23,0 +20,3 @@ +<gloss>joining</gloss> +<gloss>coupling</gloss> +<gloss>attaching</gloss> @@ -24,0 +24 @@ +<gloss>concatenation</gloss>
3.	A 2023-02-12 00:57:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2023-02-11 23:05:35 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=連結 https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/連結
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24 @@ +<gloss>junction</gloss>
1.	A 2021-11-18 00:50:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1561910 Active (id: 2221665)
倭寇；和寇；倭冦 [sK] ；和冦 [sK]
【わこう】

1.

[n] [hist]
《name used in China and Korea》
▶ wokou
▶ wakō
▶ [expl] Japanese pirates who raided the Chinese and Korean coastlines between the 13th and 16th centuries

History:

4.	A 2023-02-11 19:45:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-02-11 13:41:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, jwiki 倭寇 38969 88.7% 和寇 3105 7.1% 倭冦 1121 2.6% 和冦 732 1.7%
	Comments:	冦 is 異体字. I think we can make those forms sK.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -16 +16 @@ -<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -22,0 +23,2 @@ +<misc>&hist;</misc> +<s_inf>name used in China and Korea</s_inf> @@ -24,2 +26,2 @@ -<gloss>wakou</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">Japanese pirates of the Middle Ages</gloss> +<gloss>wakō</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">Japanese pirates who raided the Chinese and Korean coastlines between the 13th and 16th centuries</gloss>
2.	A 2017-01-20 11:10:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23,2 @@ -<gloss>Wokou</gloss> +<gloss>wokou</gloss> +<gloss>wakou</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-01-13 20:11:16 Robin Scott
	Refs:	Daijr, Daijs https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wokou
	Comments:	Neither 倭冦 nor 和冦 are listed in dictionaries.
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<keb>和寇</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -8,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf> @@ -11,0 +16 @@ +<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf> @@ -18 +23,2 @@ -<gloss>Japanese pirates (of the Middle Ages)</gloss> +<gloss>Wokou</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">Japanese pirates of the Middle Ages</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1597040 Active (id: 2222015)
立つ [ichi1,news1,nf21]
【たつ [ichi1,news1,nf21] 】

1.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to stand (up)
▶ to rise
▶ to get to one's feet
▶ to stand on end (e.g. of hairs)
▶ to stick up

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2100730 勃つ【たつ】 1. to have an erection; to become erect
	⇐ see: 2673740 おっ立つ【おったつ】 1. to stand (up); to rise; to stick up

2.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.)
▶ to be situated (in, on)

3.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.)
▶ to put oneself (in a position or situation)
▶ to take up (a position, post, etc.)
▶ to position oneself

4.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to leave (to do something)

5.

[v5t,vi]
《oft. written as 発つ》
▶ to depart (on a journey, trip, etc.)
▶ to leave
▶ to set off
▶ to start

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2857436 発つ【たつ】 1. to depart (on a journey, trip, etc.); to leave; to set off; to start

6.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to get stuck (into; of an arrow, thorn etc.)
▶ to pierce

7.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to develop (of a haze, waves, etc.)
▶ to form (of steam, bubbles, etc.)
▶ to appear (of a rainbow, clouds, etc.)
▶ to rise (of smoke, waves, etc.)
▶ to begin to blow (of a wind, breeze, etc.)

8.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to spread (of a rumour, reputation, etc.)
▶ to be become widely known

9.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to stand (for election)
▶ to run

10.

[v5t,vi]
《also written as 起つ》
▶ to take action
▶ to act
▶ to rise (up)
▶ to rouse oneself

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1223700 起つ【たつ】 1. to take action; to act; to rise (up); to rouse oneself

11.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to be established (of a policy, plan, objective, etc.)
▶ to be formed

12.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to be valid (of an argument, logic, etc.)
▶ to hold up
▶ to hold water
▶ to stand up (e.g. of evidence)
▶ to be logical
▶ to be reasonable

13.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to be sustained (of a living, business, etc.)
▶ to be maintained
▶ to survive
▶ to be preserved (of one's reputation, honour, etc.)
▶ to be saved

14.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to start (of a season)
▶ to begin

15.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to be held (of a market)

16.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to shut (of a door, shoji, etc.)
▶ to be shut
▶ to be closed

17.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to be (the result of a division)

Conjugations

History:

8.	A 2023-02-16 18:30:54 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I managed to find sentences for 10 of the senses. None for senses 12 and 13, unfortunately.
	Diff:	@@ -36 +36,2 @@ -<gloss>to take up (a position, post, etc.) to position oneself</gloss> +<gloss>to take up (a position, post, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to position oneself</gloss>
7.	A 2023-02-16 00:51:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I've created a 発つ entry. We could do with reindexing now.
6.	A* 2023-02-14 23:43:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij, meikyo
	Comments:	I've added quite a few more. 発つ only applies to one sense. We should have a separate entry for it, like in daijr/s.
	Diff:	@@ -10,3 +9,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>発つ</keb> -</k_ele> @@ -20 +16,0 @@ -<stagk>立つ</stagk> @@ -23 +19 @@ -<gloss>to stand</gloss> +<gloss>to stand (up)</gloss> @@ -25,7 +21,3 @@ -<gloss>to stand up</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagk>立つ</stagk> -<pos>&v5t;</pos> -<pos>&vi;</pos> -<gloss>to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position)</gloss> +<gloss>to get to one's feet</gloss> +<gloss>to stand on end (e.g. of hairs)</gloss> +<gloss>to stick up</gloss> @@ -36,2 +28,2 @@ -<s_inf>usu. 発つ</s_inf> -<gloss>to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to be situated (in, on)</gloss> @@ -42,3 +34,3 @@ -<gloss>to stand up straight</gloss> -<gloss>to stick out</gloss> -<gloss>to protrude</gloss> +<gloss>to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to put oneself (in a position or situation)</gloss> +<gloss>to take up (a position, post, etc.) to position oneself</gloss> @@ -49,3 +41 @@ -<gloss>to develop</gloss> -<gloss>to appear</gloss> -<gloss>to arise</gloss> +<gloss>to leave (to do something)</gloss> @@ -55,0 +46,37 @@ +<s_inf>oft. written as 発つ</s_inf> +<gloss>to depart (on a journey, trip, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to leave</gloss> +<gloss>to set off</gloss> +<gloss>to start</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to get stuck (into; of an arrow, thorn etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to pierce</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to develop (of a haze, waves, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to form (of steam, bubbles, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to appear (of a rainbow, clouds, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to rise (of smoke, waves, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to begin to blow (of a wind, breeze, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to spread (of a rumour, reputation, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to be become widely known</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to stand (for election)</gloss> +<gloss>to run</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<s_inf>also written as 起つ</s_inf> @@ -56,0 +84,2 @@ +<gloss>to act</gloss> +<gloss>to rise (up)</gloss> @@ -62 +91,44 @@ -<gloss>to stand for election</gloss> +<gloss>to be established (of a policy, plan, objective, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to be formed</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to be valid (of an argument, logic, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to hold up</gloss> +<gloss>to hold water</gloss> +<gloss>to stand up (e.g. of evidence)</gloss> +<gloss>to be logical</gloss> +<gloss>to be reasonable</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to be sustained (of a living, business, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to be maintained</gloss> +<gloss>to survive</gloss> +<gloss>to be preserved (of one's reputation, honour, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to be saved</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to start (of a season)</gloss> +<gloss>to begin</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to be held (of a market)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to shut (of a door, shoji, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to be shut</gloss> +<gloss>to be closed</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to be (the result of a division)</gloss>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 01:16:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5: 1. stand; stand up; rise;.. 2: be 《in a difficult situation》; stand; find oneself 《in difficulties》... 3. start; leave; depart; set off; set out 4: stand 「up straight [erect, upright]; get stuck into… 5: develop; appear; rise; come; start; break; arise 6: act; take action; rouse oneself 7:run [stand] (for 《election, a district》 8: 〔あらわである･明示される〕 9: be formed; be laid; be established; be worked out 10: 割り算で 11: 〔技能がある〕 12: be 「shut [closed].
	Comments:	More senses. Could be more...
	Diff:	@@ -38,0 +39,25 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to stand up straight</gloss> +<gloss>to stick out</gloss> +<gloss>to protrude</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to develop</gloss> +<gloss>to appear</gloss> +<gloss>to arise</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to take action</gloss> +<gloss>to rouse oneself</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to stand for election</gloss> +</sense>
4.	A 2012-12-18 00:43:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -36,1 +36,2 @@ -<gloss>(usu. 発つ) to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)</gloss> +<s_inf>usu. 発つ</s_inf> +<gloss>to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2012-12-15 02:51:50
	Diff:	@@ -36,1 +36,1 @@ -<gloss>to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>(usu. 発つ) to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)</gloss>
2.	A 2012-08-11 22:47:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Those "たって (etc.) See: 経つ建つ裁つ絶つ足る断つ立つ" entries only work for kana search keys. That's always been the case. If you want to search using inflected verbs or adjectives which include kanji, use the "Text Glossing" function, e.g. for 発って you get: Possible inflected verb or adjective: (te-form) 発つ立つ(P); 発つ【たつ】 (v5t,vi) (1) (立つ only) to stand; to rise; to stand up; (2) (立つ only) to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); (3) to depart (on a plane, train, etc.); (P)
1.	A* 2012-08-11 17:15:24 Francis
	Comments:	No change to the above. When I search for "発って", I think that I ought to find it in:- たって (etc.) See: 経つ建つ裁つ絶つ足る断つ立つ However, even when I search for "立って" the above does not come up. It is only when I know the reading and search for "たって" that the above comes up. And, of course, I still do not get the link to "発つ" even though the main entry for "立つ" includes it.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1629710 Active (id: 2221668)
貴下
【きか】

1.

[pn] [hon,male]
《used mainly in letters to address someone of equal or lower status》
▶ you

History:

6.	A 2023-02-11 19:47:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 16:49:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style, used to address one's equal or inferior</s_inf> +<s_inf>used mainly in letters to address someone of equal or lower status</s_inf>
4.	A 2020-08-13 11:48:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2020-08-13 08:23:29
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&male;</misc>
2.	A* 2020-08-13 06:47:30 dine <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/貴下-472365 koj: 男が主に文書・書簡などに使う
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>you (younger person)</gloss> +<misc>&hon;</misc> +<s_inf>epistolary style, used to address one's equal or inferior</s_inf> +<gloss>you</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2018-05-16 04:09:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update: deletion of adj-noBulk update: deletion of adj-no -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1720700 Active (id: 2221561)
親心 [news2,nf28]
【おやごころ [news2,nf28] 】

1.

[n]
▶ parental love
▶ parental affection

History:

1.	A 2023-02-11 03:49:19 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16,2 @@ -<gloss>parental love or affection</gloss> +<gloss>parental love</gloss> +<gloss>parental affection</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1853850 Active (id: 2221670)
小弟；少弟
【しょうてい】

1.

[n]
▶ little brother
▶ younger brother

2.

[n] [hum]
▶ my younger brother

3.

[pn] [hum,male]
《used mainly in letters》
▶ I
▶ me

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1890520 大兄 2. you

History:

6.	A 2023-02-11 19:50:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 16:10:18 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<misc>&hum;</misc> +<gloss>little brother</gloss> @@ -18,0 +19,5 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&hum;</misc> +<gloss>my younger brother</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> @@ -20,2 +25,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1890520">大兄・たいけい・2</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1890520">大兄・たいけい・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1890520">大兄・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1890520">大兄・2</xref> @@ -24 +29 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<s_inf>used mainly in letters</s_inf>
4.	A 2014-01-27 03:00:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2014-01-27 02:01:01 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	reopen
2.	A 2014-01-27 02:00:49 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	temp approve as other entry is deleted
	Diff:	@@ -14,4 +14,3 @@ -<pos>&pn;</pos> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>my younger brother (modest, deprecating)</gloss> -<gloss>my foolish brother</gloss> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&hum;</misc> +<gloss>younger brother</gloss> @@ -21,2 +20,6 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>deprecating self-reference</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1890520">大兄・たいけい・2</xref> +<misc>&hum;</misc> +<misc>&male;</misc> +<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<gloss>I</gloss> +<gloss>me</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2014-01-22 04:32:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr (merges), GG5, Wadoku (merges)
	Comments:	Merging 1349150. Sense 2 is from Daijirin - better gloss welcome.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>少弟</keb> @@ -12,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>my younger brother (modest, deprecating)</gloss> @@ -14,0 +19,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&pn;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>deprecating self-reference</gloss> +</sense>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1890520 Active (id: 2221846)
大兄
【たいけい】

1.

[n] [hon]
▶ older brother

2.

[pn] [hon]
《used mainly in letters to address an older or same-aged male》
▶ you

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1853850 小弟 3. I; me

History:

7.	A 2023-02-13 12:31:45 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<s_inf>in ref. to an older or same-aged male; used mainly in letters</s_inf> +<s_inf>used mainly in letters to address an older or same-aged male</s_inf>
6.	A 2023-02-11 20:18:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1853850">小弟・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1853850">小弟・3</xref>
5.	A 2023-02-11 19:39:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-02-11 16:03:01 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19,2 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> -<gloss>you (in ref. to male of greater age or status)</gloss> +<s_inf>in ref. to an older or same-aged male; used mainly in letters</s_inf> +<gloss>you</gloss>
3.	A 2014-01-27 03:00:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2014-01-27 02:01:24 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1853850">小弟・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1853850">小弟・2</xref>
1.	A* 2014-01-27 01:57:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,3 +11,2 @@ -<pos>&pn;</pos> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>honorific title for someone a little older</gloss> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&hon;</misc> @@ -15,0 +15,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&pn;</pos> +<misc>&hon;</misc> +<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<gloss>you (in ref. to male of greater age or status)</gloss> +</sense>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1976100 Active (id: 2221714)
賀慶
【がけい】

1.

[n] [rare]
▶ celebration
▶ congratulation

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1250510 慶賀 1. celebration; congratulation

History:

2.	A 2023-02-11 22:43:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:24:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr 賀慶 185 慶賀 14245
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1250510">慶賀</xref> +<misc>&rare;</misc> +<gloss>celebration</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2059820 Active (id: 2221613)
育児休暇
【いくじきゅうか】

1.

[n]
▶ childcare leave
▶ maternity leave
▶ paternity leave

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2847798 産育休【さんいくきゅう】 1. childcare leave

History:

4.	A 2023-02-11 06:46:34 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	and it's much more common.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>paternal leave</gloss> +<gloss>paternity leave</gloss>
3.	A 2023-02-11 06:32:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	We say "paternity leave".
2.	A* 2023-02-11 03:49:53 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>paternal leave</gloss>
1.	A 2005-08-10 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2072190 Active (id: 2221609)
雑砕
【チャプスイ】

1.

[n] [uk] {food, cooking} Source lang: chi
▶ chop suey

History:

5.	A 2023-02-11 06:29:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-02-11 06:20:22 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Every kokugo has a 中国語 tag Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 雑砕　　　 │ 131 │ 9.5% │ │ 炒汁砕　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ - dropping (no refs) │ ちゃぷすい │ 140 │ 10.1% │ - dropping (loanword = katakana) │ チャプスイ │ 1,112 │ 80.4% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -7,6 +6,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>炒汁砕</keb> -</k_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ちゃぷすい</reb> -</r_ele> @@ -15 +8,0 @@ -<re_nokanji/> @@ -20,0 +14 @@ +<lsource xml:lang="chi"/>
3.	A 2010-06-28 13:17:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2010-06-27 17:07:44 Jeroen Hoek <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,2 @@ +<field>&food;</field> +<misc>&uk;</misc>
1.	A 2005-12-22 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2077440 Active (id: 2221685)
出産休暇
【しゅっさんきゅうか】

1.

[n]
▶ maternity leave
▶ [expl] eight weeks of compulsory leave following childbirth, plus an optional further six weeks

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1303760 産休 1. maternity leave; paternity leave
	⇐ see: 2059840 育児休業【いくじきゅうぎょう】 1. childcare leave (taken after the compulsory maternity leave)
	⇐ see: 2847798 産育休【さんいくきゅう】 1. childcare leave

History:

6.	A 2023-02-11 20:41:50 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -15,4 +14,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>paternity leave</gloss>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 10:38:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Possibly not. It came in that way in 2006, but I see all the refs just have "maternity leave". 出産 doesn't usually apply to fathers.
4.	A* 2023-02-11 06:47:25 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Should this really have 2 senses?
3.	A 2012-09-22 05:56:03 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2012-09-22 00:32:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/honyaku/vNyAnyoJc1Y
	Comments:	Recent Honyaku list discussion. Useful to distinguish from "childcare leave".
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@ +<gloss g_type="expl">eight weeks of compulsory leave following childbirth, plus an optional further six weeks</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2006-02-07 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2078550 Active (id: 2221680)
条
【じょう】

1.

[n,ctr]
▶ article (in a document)
▶ clause
▶ section
▶ provision

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2841577 条章【じょうしょう】 2. chapters and sections (of a document)

2.

[ctr]
▶ counter for lines, stripes, streaks, rays, etc.

3.

[conj]
《as とは言い条》
▶ although
▶ though

4.

[conj]
《used in letters》
▶ since
▶ as
▶ because
▶ inasmuch as

5.

[n] [hist]
▶ jō
▶ [expl] north-south division of an imperial city consisting of west-east streets and their corresponding wards (in the jō-bō system)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2849763 条坊制 1. grid city plan used for the Imperial capital

History:

11.	A 2023-02-11 20:10:46 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -30 +30 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters</s_inf>
10.	A 2022-05-05 14:26:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes. 条 appears in street names but it doesn't mean "street".
9.	A 2022-05-05 04:28:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	More complex, but also more accurate.
8.	A* 2022-05-04 23:28:47 Nicolas Maia
	Comments:	I feel like this recent edit made the entry less clear.
7.	A* 2022-05-04 16:25:41 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo, gg5, ルミナス https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/条坊制 "現在では京都市をはじめ、札幌市や旭川市など北海道の大部分の都市で、○条○町（○丁目）のように住所名に活かされている。"
	Comments:	The 条 seen in place names is a vestige of the 条坊制 grid system. I think sense 2 is just a counter.
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13,3 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1415330">第一条・だいいちじょう</xref> -<gloss>article (in document)</gloss> +<gloss>article (in a document)</gloss> +<gloss>clause</gloss> +<gloss>section</gloss> @@ -18 +18,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -20,3 +20 @@ -<gloss>stripe</gloss> -<gloss>streak</gloss> -<gloss>line</gloss> +<gloss>counter for lines, stripes, streaks, rays, etc.</gloss> @@ -25,2 +23,2 @@ -<pos>&suf;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="1756350">言い条・いいじょう</xref> +<pos>&conj;</pos> +<s_inf>as とは言い条</s_inf> @@ -31 +29,2 @@ -<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&conj;</pos> +<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> @@ -38,2 +37,5 @@ -<pos>&suf;</pos> -<gloss>street (in Kyoto)</gloss> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2849763">条坊制</xref> +<misc>&hist;</misc> +<gloss>jō</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">north-south division of an imperial city consisting of west-east streets and their corresponding wards (in the jō-bō system)</gloss>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A 2022-05-03 02:53:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-05-03 02:19:02 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1268542957
	Diff:	@@ -36,0 +37,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<gloss>street (in Kyoto)</gloss> +</sense>
4.	A 2015-10-24 03:42:14 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2015-10-16 22:39:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1415330">第一条・だいいちじょう</xref> @@ -22,0 +24,13 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1756350">言い条・いいじょう</xref> +<gloss>although</gloss> +<gloss>though</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<gloss>since</gloss> +<gloss>as</gloss> +<gloss>because</gloss> +<gloss>inasmuch as</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A* 2015-10-16 13:36:08 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	KM ngrams: 一条 35452 二条 35834 三条 43514 四条 31879
	Comments:	Just saw it used as a counter in the second sense. I assume it can be used as a counter in both senses.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<pos>&ctr;</pos> @@ -16,0 +18 @@ +<pos>&ctr;</pos>
1.	A 2006-03-07 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2120340 Active (id: 2221660)
民間軍事会社
【みんかんぐんじがいしゃ】

1.

[n]
▶ private military company
▶ mercenary group

History:

3.	A 2023-02-11 19:42:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2023-02-11 11:21:49 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://news.yahoo.co.jp/pickup/6453561 英国防省は11日、ウクライナ侵攻に部隊を派遣しているロシアの民間軍事会社「ワグネル」が受刑者の採用を停止した https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_military_company Russian Wagner Group mercenaries have been deployed in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, fighting alongside the Russian Armed Forces.
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>mercenary group</gloss>
1.	A 2006-12-21 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2161990 Active (id: 2221844)
原綴
【げんてつ；げんてい】

1.

[n]
▶ spelling in the original language
▶ spelling in the original script

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2857420 原綴り【げんつづり】 1. spelling in the original language; spelling in the original script

History:

6.	A 2023-02-13 12:21:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Koj also has げんてい.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>げんてい</reb>
5.	A* 2023-02-13 03:05:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic, Koj: 原語のつづり。
	Comments:	Yes, best split. I have proposed an entry for 原綴り. I think it's valid.
	Diff:	@@ -7,3 +6,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>原綴り</keb> -</k_ele> @@ -12,4 +8,0 @@ -<re_restr>原綴</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>げんつづり</reb> @@ -19,6 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>original spelling or kana usage</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>spelling in the original language (as opposed to a transliteration)</gloss> -<gloss>spelling in the native script</gloss> +<gloss>spelling in the original language</gloss> +<gloss>spelling in the original script</gloss>
4.	A* 2023-02-13 01:35:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think 原綴り/げんつづり should be a separate entry. The refs only have 綴り for つづり. I can't find a source for sense 1. I suggest dropping it.
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23,2 @@ -<gloss>spelling in original language (for words transliterated into another language or script)</gloss> +<gloss>spelling in the original language (as opposed to a transliteration)</gloss> +<gloss>spelling in the native script</gloss>
3.	A 2023-02-11 06:27:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's probably げんつづり. The 2007 submission was speculative about the reading.
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@ +<keb>原綴</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -7,6 +9,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>原綴</keb> -</k_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>もとつづり</reb> -</r_ele> @@ -15,0 +13,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>げんつづり</reb>
2.	A* 2023-02-11 06:00:02 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Is there a source for もとつづり? I can't find it anywhere. This blog says 「げんつづり」 https://www.jono.co.jp/blog/1509/ Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬───────╮ │ 原綴り　　 │ 1,081 │ │ 原綴　　　 │ 1,196 │ │ もとつづり │ 0 │ │ げんてつ　 │ 862 │ - daijs, koj │ げんづつり │ 0 │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴───────╯
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2007-05-06 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2174280 Active (id: 2221679)
迂生
【うせい】

1.

[pn] [arch,hum,male]
《used in letters》
▶ I
▶ me
▶ my humble self

History:

4.	A 2023-02-11 20:08:19 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1348390">小生・しょうせい</xref> @@ -16 +15 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters</s_inf>
3.	A 2020-03-13 06:51:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2020-03-13 06:41:28 dine <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/迂生-440011
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1348390">小生・しょうせい</xref> @@ -12,0 +14 @@ +<misc>&hum;</misc> @@ -14 +16,4 @@ -<gloss>self-deprecating first person pronoun used in letters</gloss> +<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<gloss>I</gloss> +<gloss>me</gloss> +<gloss>my humble self</gloss>
1.	A 2007-05-30 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2200990 Active (id: 2221715)
兄
【けい】

1.

[pn] [fam,hon,male]
《used in letters to address a male friend or superior》
▶ you

2.

[suf] [fam,hon,male]
《used in letters after the name of a male friend or superior》
▶ Mr
▶ Mister

3.

[n]
《orig. meaning》
▶ older brother
▶ elder brother

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1249900 兄【あに】 1. older brother; elder brother

History:

7.	A 2023-02-11 22:44:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2023-02-11 20:17:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style referring to a male who is one's equal or superior</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters to address a male friend or superior</s_inf> @@ -23 +23 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style referring to a male who is one's equal or superior</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters after the name of a male friend or superior</s_inf>
5.	A 2020-05-20 08:06:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Pity that note can't be trimmed.
4.	A* 2020-05-20 04:44:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	all dicts list the brother sense as being first except meikyo, which has only the pn and suf senses. it lists the brother sense as （造）. all sources have pn and suf as being different senses, which i think makes sense given that they have to be glossed quite differently in english
	Comments:	listing the brother sense last, as a mixture of meikyo and the other approaches seems reasonable. there's no way that anyone is reading the noun 兄 as けい without furigana
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11,17 @@ +<pos>&pn;</pos> +<misc>&fam;</misc> +<misc>&hon;</misc> +<misc>&male;</misc> +<s_inf>epistolary style referring to a male who is one's equal or superior</s_inf> +<gloss>you</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<misc>&fam;</misc> +<misc>&hon;</misc> +<misc>&male;</misc> +<s_inf>epistolary style referring to a male who is one's equal or superior</s_inf> +<gloss>Mr</gloss> +<gloss>Mister</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> @@ -12 +28,0 @@ -<pos>&n-suf;</pos> @@ -13,0 +30 @@ +<s_inf>orig. meaning</s_inf> @@ -17,8 +33,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&pn;</pos> -<misc>&fam;</misc> -<misc>&male;</misc> -<gloss>pronoun or suffix used in reference to an older brother figure</gloss> -<gloss>Mister</gloss> -<gloss>Mr</gloss> -</sense>
3.	A 2020-05-20 03:50:25 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>older brother</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2018-05-16 05:18:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update: deletion of adj-noBulk update: deletion of adj-no -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
1.	A 2007-08-15 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2257460 Active (id: 2221675)
下って；降って
【くだって】

1.

[conj] [hum]
《used in letters when referring to oneself》
▶ humbly

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1184450 下る 8. to depreciate oneself; to be humble

2.

[conj]
▶ after a time
▶ later
▶ down to (e.g. "down to present day")

3.

[conj]
《used when listing items or people by decreasing worth, rank, etc.》
▶ followed by
▶ next

History:

14.	A 2023-02-11 19:59:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
13.	A* 2023-02-11 12:16:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style, in ref. to oneself</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters when referring to oneself</s_inf>
12.	A 2019-03-11 04:11:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11.	A* 2019-03-10 08:27:30 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Better?
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<gloss>down to (e.g. from the Restoration down to present day)</gloss> +<gloss>down to (e.g. "down to present day")</gloss>
10.	A* 2019-03-10 05:44:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17,2 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">used when referring to oneself in a letter to one's superior</gloss> +<s_inf>epistolary style, in ref. to oneself</s_inf> +<gloss>humbly</gloss> @@ -27 +28,3 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">used when listing items or people by decreasing worth, rank, etc.</gloss> +<s_inf>used when listing items or people by decreasing worth, rank, etc.</s_inf> +<gloss>followed by</gloss> +<gloss>next</gloss>
(show/hide 9 older log entries)
9.	A 2017-08-29 11:32:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Trimmed a little. No need to say "conjunction" when that's the only POS tag.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">conjunction used when referring to oneself in a letter to one's superior</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">used when referring to oneself in a letter to one's superior</gloss> @@ -27 +27 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">conjunction used when listing items or people in order of decreasing worth, rank, etc.</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">used when listing items or people by decreasing worth, rank, etc.</gloss>
8.	A* 2017-08-28 20:38:06 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	is there a good translation gloss for #3? generally we try to give an actual translation and just supplement with the [expl] glosses
7.	A 2017-08-28 20:37:24 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	temp
6.	A* 2017-08-28 20:13:13 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs, gg5
	Comments:	Added sense. Expanded sense 2.
	Diff:	@@ -15,7 +15,3 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1184450">下る・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1184450">下る・2</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1184450">下る・3</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1184450">下る・4</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1184450">下る・5</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1184450">下る・6</xref> -<gloss g_type="expl">humble conjunction used when referring to oneself in a letter to one's superior</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1184450">下る・8</xref> +<misc>&hum;</misc> +<gloss g_type="expl">conjunction used when referring to oneself in a letter to one's superior</gloss> @@ -26,0 +23,5 @@ +<gloss>down to (e.g. from the Restoration down to present day)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&conj;</pos> +<gloss g_type="expl">conjunction used when listing items or people in order of decreasing worth, rank, etc.</gloss>
5.	A 2015-01-27 04:30:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2015-01-27 01:26:21 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<gloss>humble conjunction used when referring to oneself in a letter to one's superior</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">humble conjunction used when referring to oneself in a letter to one's superior</gloss>
3.	A 2015-01-26 22:20:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Indeed.
2.	A* 2015-01-26 19:17:56 Kim Ahlström <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Type: conjuction -> conjunction.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<gloss>humble conjuction used when referring to oneself in a letter to one's superior</gloss> +<gloss>humble conjunction used when referring to oneself in a letter to one's superior</gloss>
1.	A 2008-02-28 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2261180 Active (id: 2221808)

あいたた；アイタタ

1.

[int]
▶ ouch
▶ ow

History:

7.	A 2023-02-13 00:05:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2023-02-12 23:56:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I've drafted an 痛っ/あいた entry. I think we can make the っ/ッ forms sk. I don't see a need for the x-ref.
	Diff:	@@ -10,12 +9,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>あいた</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>アイタ</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>あいたっ</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>アイタッ</reb> -</r_ele> @@ -24,2 +12,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2260130">痛っ</xref> -<gloss>ouch!</gloss> +<gloss>ouch</gloss> +<gloss>ow</gloss>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 00:37:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	アイタタ 21960 アイタ 3435 アイタタッ 348
	Comments:	The あいた count will be inflated by cases of 合う, 会う, etc. Perhaps could be split in two according to whether they end in っ/ッ or not, and have matching kanji forms. All a bit messy.
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>アイタタ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>アイタ</reb> @@ -19 +25 @@ -<gloss>Ouch!</gloss> +<gloss>ouch!</gloss>
4.	A* 2023-02-10 19:23:14 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ あ痛っ　 │ 619 │ 0.2% │ - gg5, prog │ あ痛　　 │ 6,427 │ 1.7% │ - sankoku, nikk, prog │ あ痛た　 │ 1,491 │ 0.4% │ │ あいたた │ 13,044 │ 3.4% │ │ あいた　 │ 359,076 │ 93.7% │ │ あいたっ │ 1,831 │ 0.5% │ │ アイタッ │ 745 │ 0.2% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Could add all the kanji forms to this entry or split into separate entries
3.	A 2013-03-01 11:02:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2013-02-28 18:00:29 winnie <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>アイタッ</reb> +</r_ele>
1.	A 2008-02-28 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2424580 Active (id: 2221666)
小妹；少妹
【しょうまい】

1.	[n] ▶ little sister ▶ younger sister
2.	[n] [hum] ▶ my younger sister
3.	[pn] [hum,fem] 《used by young women mainly in letters》 ▶ I ▶ me

History:

5.	A 2023-02-11 19:45:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-02-11 16:06:01 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -27 +27 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style, used by young women</s_inf> +<s_inf>used by young women mainly in letters</s_inf>
3.	A 2020-08-09 23:02:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2020-08-09 09:58:11 dine <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/小妹・少妹-294632 daijs: https://kotobank.jp/word/小妹-533367
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<pos>&pn;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -17,0 +18,13 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&hum;</misc> +<gloss>my younger sister</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&pn;</pos> +<misc>&hum;</misc> +<misc>&fem;</misc> +<s_inf>epistolary style, used by young women</s_inf> +<gloss>I</gloss> +<gloss>me</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A 2008-11-21 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2519630 Deleted (id: 2221717)
希
【き】

1.

[n] [abbr]
▶ Greece

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1043190 希臘【ギリシャ】 1. Greece

History:

6.	D 2023-02-11 22:58:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, it can too. I'll do that.
5.	A* 2023-02-11 21:17:11 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj (き【希】): 希臘・ギリシアの略。 daijs (き【希】): ギリシャ。「希日辞典」 https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/希#日本語
	Comments:	I don't think ぎ is right. We could merge this with 2813080.
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>ぎ</reb> +<reb>き</reb> @@ -12,2 +12 @@ -<pos>&n-pref;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="1043190">希臘</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1043190">希臘・ギリシャ</xref> @@ -16,2 +14,0 @@ -<gloss>Greek</gloss> -<gloss>Greco-</gloss>
4.	A 2014-04-02 07:57:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	き is different (entry submitted).
3.	A* 2014-04-02 06:03:02 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	http://webcatplus.nii.ac.jp/webcatplus/details/book/2522291.h tml my comment above was possibly wrong (though it's conceivable that it can also be read as "ki")
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>Greco-</gloss>
2.	A* 2014-04-02 05:58:48 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	Is there any evidence for the reading ぎ? the daijs kanwa entry makes no note of it. I think it should be き.
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2009-11-14 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2813080 Active (id: 2221783)
希；稀
【き】

1.

[pref] {chemistry}
▶ dilute

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2276410 希塩酸 1. dilute hydrochloric acid

2.

[pref]
▶ rare

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1219860 希元素 1. rare element

3.

(希 only) [n] [abbr]
▶ Greece

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1043190 希臘【ギリシャ】 1. Greece

History:

4.	A 2023-02-12 17:16:18 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<field>&chem;</field> @@ -20 +21 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1591190">希書</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1219860">希元素</xref>
3.	A 2023-02-11 22:57:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merging 2519630.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,7 @@ +<sense> +<stagk>希</stagk> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1043190">希臘・ギリシャ</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>Greece</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A 2014-04-02 17:58:19 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2014-04-02 07:56:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Chuujiten

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2826659 Active (id: 2221617)
当駅止まり；当駅止 [sK] ；当駅止り [sK]
【とうえきどまり】

1.

[n]
▶ (train) terminating at this station
▶ not in service

History:

6.	A 2023-02-11 10:36:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 07:00:02 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	当駅止まり 1980 91.6% 当駅止 121 5.6% 当駅止り 60 2.8%
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -11,0 +13 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2023-02-11 03:38:20 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Hankyu uses this word too.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos>
3.	A 2015-01-31 23:09:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree train is best implied. "not in service" is worth adding, I think.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -18 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>train terminating at this station</gloss> +<gloss>(train) terminating at this station</gloss> +<gloss>not in service</gloss>
2.	A* 2015-01-31 12:12:55 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://www.geocities.jp/yoshi223_k/page/hasshahyo/jrw/ver1/ destination/html-touekidomari.htm if this "simulation" is correct (which I think it might be), the translation JR uses is "not in service"
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2015-01-31 10:51:26 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	当駅止まり 1980 当駅止 121 当駅止り 60 _ JR West uses this on the train displays so it's probably worth recording
	Comments:	I was considering putting the "train" part in brackets

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2829880 Active (id: 2221659)

イヤミス

1.

[n]
《from イヤ and ミステリー》
▶ iyamisu
▶ [expl] subgenre of mystery fiction intended to disturb or unsettle the reader

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1587610 【イヤ】 2. unpleasant; disagreeable; nasty; horrible; disgusting; undesirable; unwelcome

History:

5.	A 2023-02-11 19:41:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-02-11 12:10:42 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://honto.jp/booktree/detail_00005837.html 「イヤミス」とは「読後、イヤな気持ちになるミステリー」のこと。 https://ranking.goo.ne.jp/select/5232 「嫌な気分になるミステリー」の略 https://rank-king.jp/article/22099 「イヤミス」とは、後味が悪くイヤな気持ちになるミステリー小説のことを指します。
	Comments:	Most sources don't mention 汗.
	Diff:	@@ -9,2 +9,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1587610">嫌・いや・1</xref> -<s_inf>from イヤな汗 and ミステリー</s_inf> +<xref type="see" seq="1587610">イヤ・2</xref> +<s_inf>from イヤ and ミステリー</s_inf> @@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">mystery fiction subgenre dealing with grisly episodes and the dark side of human nature</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">subgenre of mystery fiction intended to disturb or unsettle the reader</gloss>
3.	A 2016-08-16 00:55:48 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2016-08-04 12:29:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://matome.naver.jp/topic/1MKN5 http://bookstand.webdoku.jp/news/2012/02/23/100000.html
	Comments:	I think this is closer to the derivation.
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10 @@ -<s_inf>from いや and ミステリー</s_inf> +<s_inf>from イヤな汗 and ミステリー</s_inf>
1.	A* 2016-08-03 01:06:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	About 30k WWW hits. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahokaru_Numata https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanae_Minato
	Comments:	Those Wiki pages also call it "eww mystery" and say "Readers blurt out "eww" when they are reading iyamisu novels." Not sure it works in a gloss.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2837362 Active (id: 2221640)
座下
【ざか】

1.	[n] ▶ nearby (one's seat) ▶ (by) one's side
2.	[n] 《used in letters after the name of the recipient》 ▶ Dear (Mr./Mrs.)

History:

3.	A 2023-02-11 16:19:13 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -16,2 +16,2 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos> -<s_inf>epistolary style; after the name of the recipient</s_inf> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<s_inf>used in letters after the name of the recipient</s_inf>
2.	A 2018-12-03 22:30:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&exp;</pos>
1.	A* 2018-12-03 08:01:16 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 daij

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2843019 Active (id: 2221643)
筆硯；筆研
【ひっけん】

1.	[n] [form] ▶ writing brush and inkstone
2.	[n] [form] ▶ writing ▶ composition
3.	[n] 《used in letters》 ▶ daily life of a writer

History:

3.	A 2023-02-11 16:47:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<misc>&form;</misc> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<misc>&form;</misc> @@ -24 +26 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<s_inf>used in letters</s_inf>
2.	A 2020-02-01 18:14:31 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2020-02-01 07:21:08 dine <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/筆硯・筆研-366419 daijs: https://kotobank.jp/word/筆硯-610785

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2845775 Active (id: 2221789)
足下
【そっか】

1.

[n]
▶ at one's feet
▶ underfoot

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1586390 足元 1. at one's feet; underfoot; one's step (as in "watch your step")

2.

[n]
▶ written after the addressee's name in a formal letter to show respect

3.

[pn] [hon,obs]
《used to address someone of equal or lower status》
▶ thou
▶ you

History:

5.	A 2023-02-12 21:25:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<s_inf>used to refer to someone of equal or lower status</s_inf> +<s_inf>used to address someone of equal or lower status</s_inf>
4.	A 2023-02-11 20:00:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-02-11 18:02:26 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	shinmeikai: 明治期まで用いられた同等（以下）に対する第二人称。
	Comments:	Only meikyo mentions letters for sense 3.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>a respectful term written after the addressee's name in a formal letter</gloss> +<gloss>written after the addressee's name in a formal letter to show respect</gloss> @@ -23 +23,3 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<misc>&obs;</misc> +<s_inf>used to refer to someone of equal or lower status</s_inf> +<gloss>thou</gloss> @@ -25 +26,0 @@ -<gloss>thou</gloss>
2.	A 2020-07-27 10:38:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2020-07-27 07:48:50 dine <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/足下-554576 smk
	Comments:	split from 1586390

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2849108 Active (id: 2221688)
希語
【きご】

1.

[n] [rare]
▶ Greek (language)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1963220 ギリシャ語 1. Greek (language)

History:

5.	A 2023-02-11 21:13:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&rare;</misc>
4.	A 2021-05-10 12:35:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I was under the impression that it took on the ぎ reading when it means Greece. No big deal - it's not very common anyway.
3.	A* 2021-05-07 12:52:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	希 isn't a prefix here. 希語 is kango (like 仏語, 独語, etc.); so き is correct.
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>ぎご</reb> +<reb>きご</reb> @@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc>
2.	A 2021-05-07 11:55:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	希臘語 790 希語 246 ギリシャ語 154690
	Comments:	Not an abbreviation - 希/ぎ is a prefix.
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>きご</reb> +<reb>ぎご</reb>
1.	A* 2021-05-07 11:38:47 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1040580060 https://www.weblio.jp/content/希語

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2849613 Active (id: 2221650)
面上
【めんじょう】

1.	[n] [form] ▶ on one's face ▶ one's face
2.	[n] [arch] 《used mainly in letters》 ▶ meeting face-to-face ▶ seeing in person

History:

3.	A 2023-02-11 18:20:20 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<s_inf>used mainly in letters</s_inf>
2.	A 2021-06-20 23:40:41 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	shinmeikai (sense 1 only) daijs: 顔面。また、顔。
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>on (one's) face</gloss> +<gloss>on one's face</gloss> +<gloss>one's face</gloss>
1.	A* 2021-06-19 07:38:27 dine
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/面上-644571 面上 52687 面上に 19601 面上の 14101 面上で 7290

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2849748 Active (id: 2221667)
貴稿
【きこう】

1.

[n] [hon]
《used mainly in written correspondence》
▶ your manuscript

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1871570 玉稿 1. your manuscript

History:

4.	A 2023-02-11 19:47:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-02-11 17:09:40 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<s_inf>used mainly in written correspondence</s_inf>
2.	A 2021-06-29 23:01:25 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-06-28 08:31:05 dine
	Refs:	meikyo: 相手の原稿をいう尊敬語。玉稿（ぎょっこう）。◇多く手紙・文書などで使う。貴稿 217 玉稿 3155

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2855309 Active (id: 2221642)
祝着
【しゅうちゃく】

1.

[n] [form]
《used mainly in letters》
▶ congratulations

History:

3.	A 2023-02-11 16:44:54 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See 1836000.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary style</s_inf> +<s_inf>used mainly in letters</s_inf>
2.	A 2022-06-28 08:51:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-06-28 00:48:57 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 meikyo daijr daijr: 多く，手紙文で用いる。mk ◇多く手紙文で使う。

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857233 Active (id: 2221788)
体系だった；体系立った
【たいけいだった】

1.

[adj-f]
▶ structured (e.g. information)
▶ integral (e.g. knowledge)
▶ systematic

History:

5.	A 2023-02-12 21:24:23 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-02-11 00:12:56 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 体系だった　　 │ 9,581 │ 84.3% │ - adding │ 体系立った　　 │ 1,780 │ 15.7% │ ├─ーーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤ │ 体系だった知識 │ 695 │ 89.4% │ │ 体系立った知識 │ 82 │ 10.6% │ ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>体系だった</keb> +</k_ele>
3.	A* 2023-02-10 23:18:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	体系立って 1056
	Comments:	I think this is probably OK. The meaning is certainly not obvious from the parts. I see the 新英和大辞典 has 組織立った as a gloss for "systematic", indicating that 立った is being used that way. BTW, I suspect our 立つ entry could do with some work. We have 3 senses and GG5 & 中辞典 have 11 and 12.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>structured</gloss> +<gloss>structured (e.g. information)</gloss> +<gloss>integral (e.g. knowledge)</gloss> +<gloss>systematic</gloss>
2.	A* 2023-01-22 13:40:50 mark dufour <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	native friends mentions the word 'integral' as in integral knowledge
1.	A* 2023-01-15 14:10:33 mark dufour <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.weblio.jp/content/体系立てる
	Comments:	encountered as 'taikeidatta chishiki wo eyou to omottara..' cannot find a satisfactory english word for it though.. (and not sure about adj-f) 体系立った 1780 体系立てる 280 (note the reference is for this one)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857332 Active (id: 2221764)
肝練り
【きもねり】

1.	[n] ▶ dare
2.	[n] [hist] 《orig. meaning》 ▶ Russian roulette-style game

History:

8.	A 2023-02-12 04:59:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Well, 肝練り is rare, and the historical original is even rarer. Since it involves a gun, as does Russian roulette, I don't feel much more detail is appropriate.
7.	A* 2023-02-11 20:46:02 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Nicolas' original gloss could maybe be trimmed, but I think it's a shame to reduce it to "Russian roulette game" instead of describing exactly what it is. Sometimes brevity is the enemy of accuracy.
6.	A 2023-02-11 05:22:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 03:02:22 Nicolas Maia
	Comments:	A bit redundant
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>Russian roulette-style game involving a gun</gloss> +<gloss>Russian roulette-style game</gloss>
4.	A 2023-02-11 00:19:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Maybe this works.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<gloss g_type="fig">Russian roulette</gloss> @@ -19 +18 @@ -<gloss>game in which people in a circle suspend a gun from the ceiling, make it rotate and light up the matchlock</gloss> +<gloss>Russian roulette-style game involving a gun</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2023-02-04 01:38:48 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Lots of hits on Twitter though?
2.	A* 2023-02-04 00:48:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This isn't in any references AFAICT and gets 0 n-grams. I feel it's not really making the grade for inclusion.
1.	A* 2023-01-30 05:11:30 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://twitter.com/search?q=肝練り&f=live https://www.reddit.com/r/newsokuexp/comments/10o3mtp/comment/j6ce9zg/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3 https://www.yama-mikasa.com/entry/2019/03/02/肝練りにひえもんとり_薩摩の度胸試し https://togetter.com/li/1050384

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857405 Active (id: 2221610)
雑菜
【チャプチェ】

1.

[n] [uk] {food, cooking} Source lang: kor
▶ japchae (dish of vegetables and noodles)
▶ chapchae

History:

2.	A 2023-02-11 06:31:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	KOD chapchae 325 japchae 614
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>chapchae</gloss>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 06:11:01 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, sankoku, jitsuyou https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japchae https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/チャプチェ Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 雑菜　　　 │ 1,476 │ 3.7% │ │ チャプチェ │ 37,900 │ 96.3% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857406 Active (id: 2221792)
位数
【いすう】

1.

[n] {mathematics}
▶ order (in group theory)

History:

3.	A 2023-02-12 21:38:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Should be part of the gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13 @@ -<s_inf>group theory</s_inf> -<gloss>order</gloss> +<gloss>order (in group theory)</gloss>
2.	A 2023-02-11 19:59:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, RP
1.	A* 2023-02-11 14:19:08 Rita Rose <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/位数-30740 https://manabitimes.jp/math/905 https://pc1.math.gakushuin.ac.jp/~shin/html-files/Algebra_Introduction/2011/09.pdf

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857407 Active (id: 2221815)
小なりイコール
【しょうなりイコール】

1.

[exp]
《used as a reading for ≦》
▶ less than or equal to

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2857408 大なりイコール 1. greater than or equal to

History:

4.	A 2023-02-13 00:35:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2857408">大なりイコール</xref>
3.	A 2023-02-13 00:08:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning.
	Diff:	@@ -11,3 +11,3 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<s_inf>≦</s_inf> -<gloss>less-than-or-equal symbol</gloss> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<s_inf>used as a reading for ≦</s_inf> +<gloss>less than or equal to</gloss>
2.	A 2023-02-12 02:55:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>しょうなりいこうる</reb> +<reb>しょうなりイコール</reb> @@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<field>&comp;</field> -<gloss>lesser-than-or-equal mark (≦)</gloss> +<s_inf>≦</s_inf> +<gloss>less-than-or-equal symbol</gloss>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 17:17:27 mark dufour <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/不等号

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857408 Active (id: 2221809)
大なりイコール
【だいなりイコール】

1.

[exp]
《used as a reading for ≧》
▶ greater than or equal to

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2857407 小なりイコール 1. less than or equal to

History:

4.	A 2023-02-13 00:08:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. I'll align 小なりイコール.
3.	A* 2023-02-12 23:23:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think it's the name of the symbol.
	Diff:	@@ -11,3 +11,4 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<s_inf>≧</s_inf> -<gloss>greater-than-or-equal symbol</gloss> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2857407">小なりイコール</xref> +<s_inf>used as a reading for ≧</s_inf> +<gloss>greater than or equal to</gloss>
2.	A 2023-02-12 02:54:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>だいなりいこうる</reb> +<reb>だいなりイコール</reb> @@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<field>&comp;</field> -<gloss>greater-than-or-equal mark (≧)</gloss> +<s_inf>≧</s_inf> +<gloss>greater-than-or-equal symbol</gloss>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 17:19:29 mark dufour <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/不等号mar

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857409 Active (id: 2221683)
亀甲括弧
【きっこうかっこ】

1.

[n]
《〔〕》
▶ tortoise-shell bracket (var. of parentheses)

History:

2.	A 2023-02-11 20:20:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not a physical object.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>tortoise-shell bracket</gloss> +<s_inf>〔〕</s_inf> +<gloss>tortoise-shell bracket (var. of parentheses)</gloss>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 17:28:35 mark dufour <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.nli-research.co.jp/report/detail/id=70664?site=nli https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/括弧

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857410 Active (id: 2221787)
有限群
【ゆうげんぐん】

1.

[n] {mathematics}
▶ finite group

History:

3.	A 2023-02-12 20:13:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	eij
2.	A* 2023-02-11 19:58:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	C'est moi.
1.	A* 2023-02-11 19:57:32
	Refs:	GG5

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857411 Active (id: 2221721)
日希
【にっき】

1.

[n]
▶ Japan and Greece
▶ Japanese-Greek

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 00:56:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:14:22 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs G n-grams: 387

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857412 Active (id: 2221765)
中・上級者；中上級者
【ちゅうじょうきゅうしゃ】

1.

[n]
▶ intermediate-upper student
▶ intermediate-upper learner

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 06:17:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	中・上級者 45873 中上級者 29874 上・中級者 504 上中級者 1948
	Comments:	I can't see any "practitioner" usage.
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>中・上級者</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -12,3 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>upper-intermediate student</gloss> -<gloss>upper-intermediate learner</gloss> -<gloss>upper-intermediate practitioner</gloss> +<gloss>intermediate-upper student</gloss> +<gloss>intermediate-upper learner</gloss>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 23:29:36 Anthony Russo <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	No reference, but I'd argue that there should be an entry for 'upper-intermediate' (or maybe even 'pre-advanced') regarding language learning ability.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5003547 Deleted (id: 2221565)

せつを

1.

[given]
▶ Setsuo
▶ Setsuwo

History:

2.	D 2023-02-11 05:24:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Duplicate
1.	A 2022-08-13 11:56:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Old kana adjustments -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9,2 @@ -<gloss>Setsuo (Setsuwo)</gloss> +<gloss>Setsuo</gloss> +<gloss>Setsuwo</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5004770 Deleted (id: 2221566)

なでしこジャパン

1.

[organization]
▶ Japan women's national football team

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:27:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5004771 Deleted (id: 2221567)

なでしこジャパン

1.

[organization]
▶ Nadeshiko Japan (women's football team)

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:28:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5004875 Deleted (id: 2221568)

なを

1.

[given]
▶ Nao
▶ Nawo

History:

2.	D 2023-02-11 05:29:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe
1.	A 2022-08-13 11:56:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Old kana adjustments -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9,2 @@ -<gloss>Nao (Nawo)</gloss> +<gloss>Nao</gloss> +<gloss>Nawo</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5008181 Deleted (id: 2221569)

をとめ

1.

[fem]
▶ Otome
▶ Wotwome

History:

2.	D 2023-02-11 05:29:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe
1.	A 2022-08-13 11:57:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Old kana adjustments -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9,2 @@ -<gloss>Otome (Wotwome)</gloss> +<gloss>Otome</gloss> +<gloss>Wotwome</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5012148 Deleted (id: 2221570)

アンモン

1.

[unclass]
▶ Ammon

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:30:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5027384 Deleted (id: 2221571)

クメール

1.

[unclass]
▶ Khmer

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:31:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035873 Deleted (id: 2221598)

サン・カエターノ

1.

[place]
▶ San Caetano

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:59:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merged

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035874 Deleted (id: 2221600)

サン・カエタノ

1.

[place]
▶ San Caetano

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 06:00:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merged

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035878 Active (id: 2221619)

サンタントワーヌ；サン・タントワーヌ

1.

[place]
▶ Saint Antoine

History:

1.	A 2023-02-11 10:43:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	サンタントワーヌ 87 46.3% サン・タントワーヌ 101 53.7%
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>サンタントワーヌ</reb> +</r_ele>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035880 Deleted (id: 2221577)

サン・テグジュペリ

1.

[surname]
▶ Saint Exupery

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:37:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035881 Deleted (id: 2221578)

サン・テグジュペリ

1.

[surname]
▶ Saint-Exupery

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:37:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035882 Deleted (id: 2221603)

サン・テチエンヌ

1.

[unclass]
▶ Saint-Etienne

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 06:04:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merge

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035883 Deleted (id: 2221604)

サン・テティエンヌ

1.

[place]
▶ Saint-Etienne

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 06:05:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merge

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035884 Deleted (id: 2221575)

サン・トノレ

1.

[place]
▶ Saint-Honore

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:35:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merged.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035886 Active (id: 2221622)

サンドニ；サン・ドニ

1.

[place]
▶ Saint Denis (France)

History:

1.	A 2023-02-11 10:52:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	サンドニ 6059 サン・ドニ 3882 サンデニ 79 サン・デニ 0
	Comments:	ドニ for the French Denis looks odd. Merge
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>サンドニ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -9 +12 @@ -<gloss>Saint Denis</gloss> +<gloss>Saint Denis (France)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035910 Active (id: 2221624)

サンアントニョ

1.

[unclass]
▶ San Antonio

History:

1.	A 2023-02-11 11:01:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Typo, I think.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035929 Active (id: 2221597)

サンカエターノ；サン・カエターノ；サンカエタノ；サン・カエタノ

1.

[place]
▶ San Caetano

History:

1.	A 2023-02-11 05:59:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	サンカエターノ 1756 46.1% サン・カエターノ 1761 46.3% サンカエタノ 231 6.1% サン・カエタノ 57 1.5%
	Comments:	Merge
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,9 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サン・カエターノ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サンカエタノ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サン・カエタノ</reb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5035930 Deleted (id: 2221601)

サンカエタノ

1.

[place]
▶ San Caetano

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 06:00:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merged

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5036130 Deleted (id: 2221572)

サンタヤナ

1.

[unclass]
▶ Santayana

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:32:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5036216 Active (id: 2221576)

サンテグジュペリ；サン・テグジュペリ

1.

[surname]
▶ Saint-Exupery

History:

1.	A 2023-02-11 05:37:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merge
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サン・テグジュペリ</reb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5036217 Deleted (id: 2221616)

サンテチエンヌ

1.

[place]
▶ Saint Etienne (Canada)

History:

3.	D 2023-02-11 10:36:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	D'accord.
2.	D* 2023-02-11 06:35:28 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
1.	A 2023-02-11 06:05:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merge

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5036218 Active (id: 2221602)

サンテティエンヌ；サンテチエンヌ；サン・テティエンヌ；サン・テチエンヌ

1.

[place]
▶ Saint-Etienne (France)
▶ Saint Etienne (Canada)

History:

1.	A 2023-02-11 06:04:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	サン・テティエンヌ 401 4.4% サンテティエンヌ 6983 77.4% サン・テチエンヌ 245 2.7% サンテチエンヌ 1391 15.4%
	Comments:	Merge
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,9 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>サンテチエンヌ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サン・テティエンヌ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サン・テチエンヌ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -9,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>Saint Etienne (Canada)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5036284 Deleted (id: 2221573)

サントノレ

1.

[place]
▶ Honore

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:34:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5036285 Active (id: 2221574)

サントノレ；サン・トノレ

1.

[place]
▶ Saint-Honore

History:

1.	A 2023-02-11 05:34:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merge
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サン・トノレ</reb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5036328 Deleted (id: 2221623)

サンドニ

1.

[place]
▶ Saint-Denis (France)

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 10:52:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merge

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5039266 Deleted (id: 2221579)

シュターミツ

1.

[unclass]
▶ Stamitz

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:38:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5045365 Deleted (id: 2221580)

スワースモア

1.

[unclass]
▶ Swarthmore

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:39:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5046438 Deleted (id: 2221621)

セント・デニス

1.

[surname]
▶ Saint Denis

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 10:47:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merge

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5046488 Active (id: 2221620)

セントデニス；セント・デニス

1.

[surname]
▶ Saint Denis

History:

1.	A 2023-02-11 10:46:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merge
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>セント・デニス</reb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5053923 Deleted (id: 2221581)

デュカス

1.

[surname]
▶ Dukas

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:39:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5056504 Active (id: 2221564)

ドゥトラ；ヅットラ

1.

[surname]
▶ Dutra

History:

2.	A 2023-02-11 05:22:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 03:12:03 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	wiki https://www.brasilnippou.com/2023/230211-15brasil.html
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ヅットラ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -8 +11 @@ -<misc>&unclass;</misc> +<misc>&surname;</misc>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5060931 Deleted (id: 2221583)

ハイラル

1.

[place]
▶ Hailar

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:42:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5060933 Deleted (id: 2221582)

ハイラル

1.

[place]
▶ Hyrule (the setting of the hit game series "The Legend of Zelda")

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:41:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5061968 Deleted (id: 2221586)

ハロー・キティ

1.

[product]
▶ Hello Kitty (Sanrio product line)

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:46:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merge

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5061969 Active (id: 2230040)

ハローキティ [spec1] ；ハローキティー；ハロー・キティ；ハロー・キティー

1.

[product]
▶ Hello Kitty (Sanrio product line)

History:

2.	A 2023-05-04 01:42:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding spec1 -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
1.	A 2023-02-11 05:46:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ハローキティ 676383 ハロー・キティ 3352 ハローキティー 36504 ハロー・キティー 271
	Comments:	Merge
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,9 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ハローキティー</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ハロー・キティ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ハロー・キティー</reb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5061970 Deleted (id: 2221584)

ハローキティ

1.

[product]
▶ Hello Kitty

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:43:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5064423 Deleted (id: 2221588)

パカンバル

1.

[place]
▶ Pakanbaru

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:47:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5072224 Deleted (id: 2221589)

ブルージェイズ

1.

[unclass]
▶ Toronto Blue Jays

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:48:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5072572 Deleted (id: 2221590)

ブレンナー

1.

[unclass]
▶ Brenner

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:49:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5072573 Active (id: 2221591)
ブレンナー峠
【ブレンナーとうげ】

1.

[place]
▶ Brenner Pass
▶ Brennertōge

History:

2.	A 2023-02-11 05:50:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<gloss>Brenner Pass</gloss>
1.	A 2021-07-11 03:41:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	touge conversion -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Brennertouge</gloss> +<gloss>Brennertōge</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5075389 Deleted (id: 2221592)

ベルヌーイ

1.

[unclass]
▶ Bernoulli

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:50:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5077628 Deleted (id: 2221593)

ボーリュー

1.

[unclass]
▶ Beaulieu

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:51:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5091435 Deleted (id: 2221594)

リバティー

1.

[place]
▶ Ribati

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:52:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5094723 Deleted (id: 2221595)

ローター

1.

[unclass]
▶ Rother

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:53:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5096461 Deleted (id: 2221596)

ワガドゥグー

1.

[place]
▶ Ouagadougou

History:

1.	D 2023-02-11 05:55:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dupe

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5741327 Deleted (id: 2221587)

ハローキティー

1.

[product]
▶ Hello Kitty (Sanrio product line)

History:

2.	D 2023-02-11 05:46:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merge
1.	A 2016-10-03 23:46:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Already have ハローキティ entry. This version is less common (~5%)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5745996 Active (id: 2221661)
恵亮
【けいすけ】

1.

[male]
▶ Keisuke

History:

2.	A 2023-02-11 19:43:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 16:09:24
	Refs:	https://vgmdb.net/artist/10013

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5745997 Active (id: 2221663)
六吉
【ろくきち】

1.

[male]
▶ Rokukichi

History:

2.	A 2023-02-11 19:43:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 18:46:10
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/竹田六吉

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5745998 Active (id: 2221662)
四十九郎
【しじゅうくろう】

1.

[male]
▶ Shijūkurō

History:

2.	A 2023-02-11 19:43:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 18:49:18
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/有沢四十九郎

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5745999 Active (id: 2221658)
鷹麿
【たかまろ】

1.

[male]
▶ Takamaro

History:

2.	A 2023-02-11 19:39:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 18:58:07
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/大関鷹麿

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746000 Active (id: 2221656)
保四
【やすし】

1.

[male]
▶ Yasushi

History:

2.	A 2023-02-11 19:38:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 18:59:01
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/大野保四

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746001 Active (id: 2221753)
高陳
【たかのぶ】

1.

[male]
▶ Takanobu

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 03:06:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:39:52
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/京極高陳

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746002 Active (id: 2221742)
尽平
【じんぺい】

1.

[male]
▶ Jinpei

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:57:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:42:00
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/国府尽平

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746003 Active (id: 2221748)
篤蔵
【あつぞう】

1.

[male]
▶ Atsuzō

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 03:05:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:43:03
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/小橋篤蔵

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746004 Active (id: 2221749)
誾
【ぎん】

1.

[male]
▶ Gin

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 03:05:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:44:19
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/佐伯誾

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746005 Active (id: 2221744)
昌熾
【まさあき】

1.

[male]
▶ Masaaki

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:58:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:45:09
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/坂田昌熾

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746006 Active (id: 2221745)
昭悳
【あきのり】

1.

[male]
▶ Akinori

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:58:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:46:08
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/櫻井昭悳

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746007 Active (id: 2221735)
丙二
【へいじ】

1.

[male]
▶ Heiji

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:55:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:47:03
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/佐々木丙二

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746008 Active (id: 2221752)
霜上
【しもがみ】

1.

[surname]
▶ Shimogami

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 03:05:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:48:36
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/霜上正太郎

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746009 Active (id: 2221751)
達成
【さとなり】

1.

[male]
▶ Satonari

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 03:05:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:54:12
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/徳川達成

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746010 Active (id: 2221737)
佐衡
【すけひら】

1.

[male]
▶ Sukehira

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:56:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:56:13
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/中島佐衡

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746011 Active (id: 2221738)
信陽
【しんよう】

1.

[male]
▶ Shin'yō

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:56:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 21:57:10
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/中野信陽

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746012 Active (id: 2221747)
潜蔵
【せんぞう】

1.

[male]
▶ Senzō

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 03:04:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 22:17:00
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/服部潜蔵

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746013 Active (id: 2221736)
乗武
【のりたけ】

1.

[male]
▶ Noritake

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:56:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 22:22:05
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/松平乗武

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746014 Active (id: 2221741)
寿美太郎
【すみたろう】

1.

[male]
▶ Sumitarō

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:57:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 22:23:29
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/丸山寿美太郎

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746015 Active (id: 2221743)
廣徳
【ひろのり】

1.

[male]
▶ Hironori

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:58:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 22:24:47
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/水野廣徳

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746016 Active (id: 2221750)
貞亨
【さだなり】

1.

[male]
▶ Sadanari

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 03:05:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 22:25:41
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/村井貞亨

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746017 Active (id: 2221740)
兎久身
【とくみ】

1.

[male]
▶ Tokumi

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:57:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 22:27:22
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/森本兎久身

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746018 Active (id: 2221746)
正定
【まささだ】

1.

[male]
▶ Masasada

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 03:04:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 22:28:21
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/山口正定

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5746019 Active (id: 2221739)
光藏
【こうぞう】

1.

[male]
▶ Kōzō

History:

2.	A 2023-02-12 02:57:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-02-11 22:30:41
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/吉本光藏

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

8.	A 2023-02-12 01:10:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	意地悪して 18224 意地悪をして 8648 GG5 has examples of both.
7.	A* 2023-02-11 20:38:44 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not vs in kokugos, instead several have をする examples.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +18,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos>
6.	A 2023-02-11 19:48:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 15:38:03 dom <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wisdom
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,2 @@ +<gloss>mean</gloss> +<gloss>nasty</gloss>
4.	A 2016-05-29 01:58:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 意地悪 522929 意地悪な 159804 意地悪する 11909 意地悪して 18224 意地悪しない 4470
	Comments:	する is certainly being used.
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2016-05-28 16:21:03 Marc Dequènes (Duck) <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	みにくいあひろのこ　世界名作　アニメ絵本　book 7 (2014年発酵) page 13: « 「わーい！　へんな　やつ！」　きょうだいたちも　いじわるを　しました。 » (writing and spacing as in book)
	Comments:	In this reference+quote we can see a use with suru. This book was bought a few weeks ago.
2.	A 2012-07-18 19:47:28 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not vs in any of my sources. if you have a reference, please provide it
1.	A* 2012-07-18 18:33:21 Francis
	Comments:	I have not altered the above. However, because of the text which I am reading and the searches on Google, I am wondering if the "vs" should be added.

JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

Entries