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jmdict 1019780 Active (id: 2285267)

アロエ
1. [n] Source lang: lat
▶ aloe (esp. arborescens)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2178000 蘆薈【ろかい】 1. aloe



History:
4. A 2023-12-06 23:16:44  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
芦 is an itaiji for 蘆. 芦薈 could be added to our entry for 蘆薈.

"芦荟" seems to be the Chinese word for aloe.
Looking through my dictionaries and the relevant wiki article, I don't see any indications that the word "芦荟" or the character "荟" is used in Japanese.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 蘆薈  │ 2,367 │ 97.3% │
│ 芦薈  │    65 │  2.7% │
│ 芦荟  │     0 │  0.0% │
│ ろかい │ 2,627 │  N/A  │
╰─ーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>芦荟</keb>
-</k_ele>
3. A* 2023-12-06 22:59:48 
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>芦荟</keb>
+</k_ele>
2. A 2020-03-22 10:59:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-03-22 04:15:49  Guillem Palau-Salvà
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/アロエ-28922
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<gloss>aloe</gloss>
+<gloss>aloe (esp. arborescens)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1041100 Active (id: 2285265)

キックバックキック・バック [sk]
1. [n]
▶ kickback (payment for facilitating a transaction, appointment, etc.)
2. [n]
▶ kickback (sudden forceful recoil)



History:
5. A 2023-12-06 22:54:27  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.saisoncard.co.jp/credictionary/bussinesscard/article298.html
  Comments:
The article above describes both legal and illegal キックバック.
I think キック・バック should be hidden. "kickback" is one word.
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -12,2 +13 @@
-<gloss>kickback</gloss>
-<gloss>payment (e.g. for facilitating a transaction, appointment, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>kickback (payment for facilitating a transaction, appointment, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -17,2 +17 @@
-<gloss>kickback</gloss>
-<gloss>sudden forceful recoil</gloss>
+<gloss>kickback (sudden forceful recoil)</gloss>
4. A* 2023-12-04 10:58:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: 〔リベート・手数料・礼金〕 a kickback.
キックバック	36133	99.2%
キック・バック	297	0.8%
  Comments:
This term has been in the news a lot recently. It appears that a キックバック is not necessarily illegal or illicit. Some politicians are in hot water over them, but their problem is that they didn't declare they'd received them. Subtle point, but it's probably best to drop that from the entry.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>キック・バック</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -10 +13 @@
-<gloss>illicit payment (e.g. for facilitating a transaction, appointment, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>payment (e.g. for facilitating a transaction, appointment, etc.)</gloss>
3. A 2019-10-07 11:35:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/kickback
  Comments:
I think this second sense covers most of the other meaning. Most of the Japanese refs only have sense 1.
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9,7 @@
-<gloss>kickback (illicit payment)</gloss>
+<gloss>kickback</gloss>
+<gloss>illicit payment (e.g. for facilitating a transaction, appointment, etc.)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>kickback</gloss>
+<gloss>sudden forceful recoil</gloss>
2. A* 2019-10-06 23:24:18  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daijr, daijs, wiki, gakken katakana dictionary
  Comments:
also refers to chainsaw (etc.) kickback, steering kickback, and the kickback plate of a bowling lane

either we should have a sense for each of these, or else just "kickback" was good enough
1. A* 2019-10-05 01:53:11 
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<gloss>kickback</gloss>
+<gloss>kickback (illicit payment)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1074750 Deleted (id: 2285287)

セラ [gai1]
1. [n]
▶ sera



History:
2. D 2023-12-07 03:03:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Lost in the mists time.
1. D* 2023-12-06 22:20:30  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No idea what the intended meaning is here.
This is only in the kokugos as a variety of different proper nouns.

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jmdict 1197910 Active (id: 2285292)
雅号 [news2,nf47]
がごう [news2,nf47]
1. [n]
▶ alias
▶ pseudonym
▶ pen name
▶ nom de plume
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1197930 雅称【がしょう】 2. alias; pseudonym; pen name; nom de plume



History:
2. A 2023-12-07 03:11:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think it's needed. The JEs don't mention it.
1. A* 2023-12-06 22:23:37 
  Comments:
kokugos all mentiob it's elegant (hence the 雅)

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jmdict 1385890 Active (id: 2285377)
折り返し [ichi1,news2,nf26] 折返し折返 [sK]
おりかえし [ichi1,news2,nf26]
1. [adv]
▶ by return
▶ (call or write back) without delay
2. [n]
▶ lapel
▶ cuff
▶ turn-up
▶ flap
3. [n]
▶ going back
▶ returning
▶ turn (marathon, swimming, etc.)
4. [n]
▶ chorus
▶ refrain
5. [n]
▶ shuttle service
6. [n]
▶ aliasing (in imaging)
7. [n,adj-no] {computing}
▶ back-to-back
▶ BTB
8. [n] {computing}
▶ wrapping (text on computer screen)
▶ wrap



History:
6. A 2023-12-08 21:41:08  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think 折返し should be hidden. It's in the kokugos, >3% in the n-grams.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5. A* 2023-12-06 10:56:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
折り返し	1603942	95.4%
折返し	63134	3.8%
折返	13463	0.8% <- in Unidic as a variant of 折り返し
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,5 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>折返</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4. A 2017-08-27 12:19:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2017-08-26 16:44:05  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
  Comments:
Added sense.
Dropped "repetition" sense. No support for it in the refs.
I also can't find anything on "back-to-back". What's that referring to?
  Diff:
@@ -26 +25,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -28 +27,2 @@
-<gloss>cuffs</gloss>
+<gloss>cuff</gloss>
+<gloss>turn-up</gloss>
@@ -33 +33,6 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<gloss>going back</gloss>
+<gloss>returning</gloss>
+<gloss>turn (marathon, swimming, etc.)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -39,2 +44 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>repetition</gloss>
+<gloss>shuttle service</gloss>
@@ -44 +47,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -46,5 +48,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>shuttle service</gloss>
@@ -61 +59 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<field>&comp;</field>
2. A 2010-07-22 06:16:30  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1385900 Rejected (id: 2285244)
折り返す [ichi1,news2,nf30] 折返折返す [sK]
おりかえす [ichi1,news2,nf30]
1. [v5s,vt]
▶ to turn up (hem, sleeves, etc.)
▶ to fold back (e.g. page)
2. [v5s,vt]
▶ to turn back
▶ to double back
▶ to return
3. [v5s,vt] {computing}
▶ to loopback (a signal, message, etc.)

Conjugations

History:
4. R 2023-12-06 07:06:38  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
折返 could probably be the noun おりかえし, but I don't think it works as the verb おりかえす.
3. A* 2023-12-06 06:58:49  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
折り返す	92887	86.5%
折返    	13463	12.5%
折返す  	984	0.9%
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11,3 @@
+<keb>折返</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -11,0 +15 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2017-08-27 12:18:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2017-08-26 17:02:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
  Comments:
Added sense.
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>折返す</keb>
@@ -19,2 +22,9 @@
-<gloss>to turn up</gloss>
-<gloss>to fold back</gloss>
+<gloss>to turn up (hem, sleeves, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to fold back (e.g. page)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5s;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<gloss>to turn back</gloss>
+<gloss>to double back</gloss>
+<gloss>to return</gloss>
@@ -26 +36 @@
-<gloss>to loopback (a signal, a message)</gloss>
+<gloss>to loopback (a signal, message, etc.)</gloss>

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jmdict 1385900 Active (id: 2285245)
折り返す [ichi1,news2,nf30] 折返す [sK] 折りかえす [sK] おり返す [sK]
おりかえす [ichi1,news2,nf30]
1. [v5s,vt]
▶ to turn up (hem, sleeves, etc.)
▶ to fold back (e.g. page)
2. [v5s,vt]
▶ to turn back
▶ to double back
▶ to return
3. [v5s,vt] {computing}
▶ to loopback (a signal, message, etc.)

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2023-12-06 07:11:07  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
〈折(り)/おり/オリ〉〈返/反/かえ〉す

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 折り返す   │  92,887 │ 97.9% │
│ 折返す    │     984 │  1.0% │ - sK
│ 折りかえす  │     348 │  0.4% │ - add, sK
│ おり返す   │     247 │  0.3% │ - add, sK
│ 折かえす   │       0 │  0.0% │
│ おりかえす  │     436 │  0.5% │
├─ーーーーーー─┼─────────┼───────┤
│ 折り返して  │ 121,787 │ 98.0% │
│ 折返して   │   1,480 │  1.2% │
│ 折りかえして │     337 │  0.3% │
│ おり返して  │     265 │  0.2% │
│ 折かえして  │      20 │  0.0% │
│ おりかえして │     440 │  0.4% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,9 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>折りかえす</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>おり返す</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2017-08-27 12:18:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2017-08-26 17:02:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
  Comments:
Added sense.
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>折返す</keb>
@@ -19,2 +22,9 @@
-<gloss>to turn up</gloss>
-<gloss>to fold back</gloss>
+<gloss>to turn up (hem, sleeves, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to fold back (e.g. page)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5s;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<gloss>to turn back</gloss>
+<gloss>to double back</gloss>
+<gloss>to return</gloss>
@@ -26 +36 @@
-<gloss>to loopback (a signal, a message)</gloss>
+<gloss>to loopback (a signal, message, etc.)</gloss>

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jmdict 1401910 Rejected (id: 2285227)
[ichi1,news1,nf06] [oK]
くさ [ichi1,news1,nf06] クサ (nokanji)
1. [n]
▶ grass
▶ weed
▶ herb
▶ thatch
2. [n] [arch]
▶ ninja
3. [n] [uk,sl]
《esp. クサ》
▶ marijuana
▶ cannabis
4. [pref]
▶ not genuine
▶ substandard
5. [exp] [net-sl]
《multiple repetitions of "w" ("LOL") resembles grass: wwwwww》
▶ LOL
▶ haha
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2714230 w 1. LOL; haha

History:
13. R 2023-12-06 01:41:27  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Fork
12. A* 2023-12-05 08:11:54 
  Diff:
@@ -37,0 +38 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
11. A* 2023-12-05 02:20:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
See 2859433.
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20,4 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>クサ</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
+</r_ele>
@@ -30,0 +35,7 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&sl;</misc>
+<s_inf>esp. クサ</s_inf>
+<gloss>marijuana</gloss>
+<gloss>cannabis</gloss>
10. A 2019-12-26 06:18:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Maybe this briefer version works.
  Diff:
@@ -41 +41 @@
-<s_inf>from the resemblance of multiple repetitions of "w" ("LOL") to grass: wwwwww</s_inf>
+<s_inf>multiple repetitions of "w" ("LOL") resembles grass: wwwwww</s_inf>
9. A* 2019-12-26 00:00:13  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/草#Etymology_3_2
  Comments:
I think this sense is worth explaining.
  Diff:
@@ -38,0 +39 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2714230">w</xref>
@@ -40 +41 @@
-<gloss>laughter</gloss>
+<s_inf>from the resemblance of multiple repetitions of "w" ("LOL") to grass: wwwwww</s_inf>
@@ -41,0 +43 @@
+<gloss>haha</gloss>
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 1401910 Active (id: 2285253)
[ichi1,news1,nf06] [rK]
くさ [ichi1,news1,nf06]
1. [n]
▶ grass
▶ weed
▶ herb
▶ thatch
2. [n] [arch]
▶ ninja
3. [n] [sl]
▶ marijuana
▶ cannabis
4. [pref]
▶ not genuine
▶ substandard
5. [exp] [net-sl]
《from multiple repetitions of "w" ("LOL") resembling grass: wwwwww》
▶ LOL
▶ haha
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2714230 w 1. LOL; haha
  ⇐ see: 2835608 草不可避【くさふかひ】 1. I can't help but laugh; I have to laugh at this
  ⇐ see: 2578320 大草原【だいそうげん】 2. hahahaha; LMAO; ROFL
  ⇐ see: 2831053 草生える【くさはえる】 1. to laugh



History:
21. A 2023-12-06 18:07:13  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬────────╮
│ の草を  │ 53,206 │
│ のくさを │    204 │
│ のクサを │     58 │
├─ーーーー─┼────────┤
│ の草が  │ 31,625 │
│ のくさが │     85 │
│ のクサが │     26 │
├─ーーーー─┼────────┤
│ の草は  │ 16,628 │
│ のくさは │    448 │
│ のクサは │     64 │
╰─ーーーー─┴────────╯
  Comments:
Seems pretty rare. I think it can go.
  Diff:
@@ -19,4 +18,0 @@
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>クサ</reb>
-<re_nokanji/>
20. A* 2023-12-06 11:12:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Very good analysis, and the same ratios apply to current WWW hits. Clearly that sense is not mainly クサ, and in fact クサ could probably be either hidden or simply dropped.
  Diff:
@@ -39,2 +38,0 @@
-<misc>&uk;</misc>
-<s_inf>esp. クサ</s_inf>
19. A* 2023-12-06 06:56:44  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Sankoku doesn't mention the katakana form in its entry for くさ【草】.
The n-grams below make me question whether it's actually common at all. We might be better off dropping the note. 

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬───────╮
│ マリファナを吸っ │ 2,271 │
│     草を吸っ │   613 │
│    クサを吸っ │    40 │
│   大麻草を吸っ │    43 │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┤
│  マリファナ使用 │ 2,034 │
│      草使用 │   824 │
│     クサ使用 │     0 │
│    大麻草使用 │     0 │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┤
│ マリファナを吸う │ 1,317 │
│     草を吸う │ 1,204 │
│    クサを吸う │     0 │
│   大麻草を吸う │     0 │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┤
│ マリファナを吸い │ 1,284 │
│     草を吸い │   197 │
│    クサを吸い │     0 │
│   大麻草を吸い │     0 │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┤
│  マリファナ吸っ │ 1,093 │
│      草吸っ │   251 │
│     クサ吸っ │    73 │
│    大麻草吸っ │     0 │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┤
│ マリファナの使用 │   567 │
│     草の使用 │   198 │
│    クサの使用 │     0 │
│   大麻草の使用 │     0 │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┤
│  マリファナ吸う │   345 │
│      草吸う │    86 │
│     クサ吸う │     0 │
│    大麻草吸う │     0 │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┤
│  マリファナ吸い │   299 │
│      草吸い │    98 │
│     クサ吸い │     0 │
│    大麻草吸い │     0 │
╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴───────╯
18. A* 2023-12-06 05:32:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
17. A 2023-12-06 05:32:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The hiding of a form and just having a note is usually when it's usually a less common alternative way of writing that sense. Here a cannabis/marijuana sense would almost always be written クサ. If it's not visible, it should be in its own entry.
I'll close this to shorten the queue and reopen for a bit.
(show/hide 16 older log entries)

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jmdict 1405720 Active (id: 2285264)
属性 [news2,nf28]
ぞくせい [news2,nf28]
1. [n]
▶ attribute
▶ property
2. [n] {computing}
▶ attribute
3. [n,n-suf]
▶ alignment (in a role-playing game)
4. [n,n-suf] {video games}
▶ element (of an enemy or attack)
▶ type (of dealt damage)
▶ affinity
5. [n,n-suf] [sl]
《in manga, anime, etc.》
▶ (character) type
6. [n-suf] [sl]
▶ fondness (for)
▶ fetish



History:
11. A 2023-12-06 22:42:28  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I feel the same way but it's not my area of expertise. I wouldn't know what to change.
I think we're retiring the m-sl tag.
  Diff:
@@ -27 +27 @@
-<gloss>alignment (in an role-playing game)</gloss>
+<gloss>alignment (in a role-playing game)</gloss>
@@ -40 +40 @@
-<misc>&m-sl;</misc>
+<misc>&sl;</misc>
10. A 2023-12-05 00:06:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I feel it's a bit over-cooked, but it's been quiet for a while. Closing.
9. A* 2023-11-23 11:12:04 
  Comments:
I recommend something like this, based on what wikipedia describes. The parenthetical parts could be clearer.
Also found a third possible translation.
  Diff:
@@ -27 +26,0 @@
-<gloss>character class (in a video game)</gloss>
@@ -28,0 +28,8 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
+<field>&vidg;</field>
+<gloss>element (of an enemy or attack)</gloss>
+<gloss>type (of dealt damage)</gloss>
+<gloss>affinity</gloss>
8. A* 2023-11-23 11:04:18 
  Comments:
I'm confused about sense 3. Wikipedia lists two separate meanings (alignment in D&D style games, and the meaning used in video games), and I'm mostly familiar with the latter meaning.

I'm fine with keeping "alignment" (D&D meaning) but "character class" usually means the character's _profession_ (warrior, ranger, cleric etc.) and has little to do with 属性

水属性の敵 means an enemy that's probably strong against attacks that classify as "water" but weak against attacks of a different type. You would do well to choose an attack that doesn't do water damage, or equip items that provide resistance to water damage (because the enemy deals water damage)

I would translate this simply as "element" most of the time, even though the categories don't always match the classical four or chinees five elements. "type" would be a good translation too.
  Diff:
@@ -28 +28 @@
-<gloss>alignment (in an roll-playing game)</gloss>
+<gloss>alignment (in an role-playing game)</gloss>
@@ -33 +33 @@
-<misc>&sl;</misc>
+<misc>&m-sl;</misc>
7. A 2023-11-23 05:24:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 1427820 Active (id: 2285300)
張り紙 [news1,nf20] 貼り紙はり紙張紙貼紙 [io]
はりがみ [news1,nf20]
1. [n]
▶ paper patch attached to something
▶ paper backing
▶ sticker
▶ label
2. [n]
▶ notice
▶ poster



History:
7. A 2023-12-07 03:18:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2023-12-06 19:01:08 
  Refs:
daijisen
  Diff:
@@ -29 +29 @@
-<gloss>paper patch</gloss>
+<gloss>paper patch attached to something</gloss>
@@ -31 +30,0 @@
-<gloss>poster</gloss>
@@ -33,0 +33,5 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>notice</gloss>
+<gloss>poster</gloss>
5. A 2010-12-15 23:25:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2010-12-11 05:09:11  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +14,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>張紙</keb>
3. A 2010-07-23 22:06:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1478200 Active (id: 2285234)
抜ける [ichi1] 脱ける
ぬける [ichi1]
1. [v1,vi]
▶ to come out
▶ to fall out
▶ to be omitted
▶ to be missing
▶ to escape
▶ to come loose
2. [v1,vi]
▶ to fade
▶ to discolour
3. [v1,vi]
▶ to wear a hole (e.g. clothes)
4. [v1,vi]
▶ to leave (e.g. a meeting)
5. [v1,vi]
▶ to be clear
▶ to be transparent (e.g. of the sky)
6. [v1,vi]
《usu. as 抜けた or 抜けている》
▶ to be absentminded
▶ to be careless
▶ to be inattentive
▶ to be foolish
7. [v1,vi] {computing}
▶ to exit (a program loop)
8. [v1,vt]
▶ to go through
▶ to pass through
▶ to give way
▶ to collapse
9. [v1,vt] {hanafuda}
▶ to finish a round with more than 88 points (not counting points gained from scoring combinations)

Conjugations


History:
19. A 2023-12-06 05:26:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Not sure about that. Both 中辞典 and ルミナス have stupid/foolish for that sense.
  Diff:
@@ -53,0 +54 @@
+<gloss>to be foolish</gloss>
18. A* 2023-12-06 04:19:50  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
Wording was a bit strong here. Not necessarily used as an insult.
  Diff:
@@ -51 +50,0 @@
-<gloss>to be stupid</gloss>
17. A 2020-11-12 00:23:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I've looked at this a few times. I think it's really part of sense 1 - I don't think it should go in one of its own.
16. A* 2020-10-22 19:16:12 
  Comments:
I understand that アルコールが抜ける or 酒が抜ける means "alcohol leaves the body," i.e. to sober up, no longer have an effect. Just leaving a comment here if you want to fit that in somewhere.
15. A 2020-10-20 22:59:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 14 older log entries)

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jmdict 1543300 Active (id: 2285232)
予定日
よていび
1. [n]
▶ scheduled date
▶ expected date
2. [n] [abbr]
▶ date a baby is due
▶ expected delivery date
▶ due date
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2538630 出産予定日 1. date a baby is due; expected delivery date; due date



History:
6. A 2023-12-06 04:55:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK, although perhaps not as the first gloss in the sense.
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>due date</gloss>
5. A* 2023-12-05 23:04:37  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think "due date" should stay, whether o not it's the mom or the babythat's rwferred to.
4. A 2023-12-05 05:57:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -19,2 +19,2 @@
-<gloss>expected delivery date (of a baby)</gloss>
-<gloss>(baby's) due date</gloss>
+<gloss>date a baby is due</gloss>
+<gloss>expected delivery date</gloss>
3. A* 2023-12-05 03:05:40  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Comments at xref.
  Diff:
@@ -20,3 +20,2 @@
-<gloss>due date</gloss>
-<gloss>estimated date of confinement</gloss>
-<gloss>expected date of delivery</gloss>
+<gloss>expected delivery date (of a baby)</gloss>
+<gloss>(baby's) due date</gloss>
2. A 2014-12-26 02:03:16  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1735890 Active (id: 2285283)
くも膜クモ膜蜘蛛膜 [rK]
くもまく
1. [n] {anatomy}
▶ arachnoid mater
▶ arachnoid membrane
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1952950 髄膜【ずいまく】 1. meninges; meninx; membranous coverings



History:
2. A 2023-12-07 02:53:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: the arachnoid (membrane [mater]).
中辞典: the arachnoid (membrane); the arachnoidea.
  Comments:
Maybe both. (Don't want people to think it's someone's mother.)
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>arachnoid membrane</gloss>
1. A* 2023-12-06 18:25:11  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachnoid_mater
  The arachnoid mater (or simply arachnoid) is one of the three meninges, ...

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ くも膜  │ 110,676 │ 76.3% │
│ クモ膜  │  32,052 │ 22.1% │ - add
│ 蜘蛛膜  │   1,780 │  1.2% │ - rK (kokugos)
│ くもまく │     616 │  0.4% │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@
+<keb>クモ膜</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -15 +19,2 @@
-<gloss>the arachnoid (membrane)</gloss>
+<field>&anat;</field>
+<gloss>arachnoid mater</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1952950 Active (id: 2285288)
髄膜
ずいまく
1. [n] {anatomy}
▶ meninges
▶ meninx
▶ membranous coverings
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2125590 硬膜 1. dura; dura mater
  ⇒ see: 1735890 くも膜 1. arachnoid mater; arachnoid membrane
  ⇒ see: 2128990 軟膜 1. pia mater (membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord)



History:
3. A 2023-12-07 03:08:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: meninges 《sing. meninx》; membranous coverings.
  Comments:
Let's have them all.
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@
+<gloss>meninx</gloss>
+<gloss>membranous coverings</gloss>
2. A* 2023-12-06 18:45:57  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijirin, koj, obunsha, etc. describe 髄膜 as a composition of three layers: 硬膜 (dura), 蜘蛛膜 (arachnoid), and 軟膜 (pia).

For "menix" to work as a gloss, I think we'd need to see some evidence that 髄膜 can be used to refer to any one of those three layers in isolation.

GG5 notes that the singular form of "meninges" is "meninx," but I think it might just be describing how the word works in English rather than claiming that 髄膜 can function in the same way.

〈髄/ずい/ズイ〉〈膜/まく/マク〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 髄膜   │ 109,890 │ 99.0% │
│ ずい膜  │      51 │  0.0% │
│ ずいまく │   1,036 │  0.9% │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Comments:
Maybe some cross-references would be helpful here.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,5 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2125590">硬膜</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1735890">くも膜</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1735890">くも膜</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2128990">軟膜</xref>
+<field>&anat;</field>
@@ -13 +17,0 @@
-<gloss>meninx</gloss>
1. A* 2023-12-06 17:36:39 
  Comments:
Meninges is actually plural; the singular is meninx. I'm a bit uncertain as to if it can be included because I don't know if this term is singular or plural.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>meninx</gloss>

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jmdict 2106250 Active (id: 2285293)

さん
1. [n]
《usu. as お〜》
▶ (giving) birth
▶ childbirth
▶ delivery
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1001960 お産 1. (giving) birth; childbirth; delivery
2. [n]
▶ native (of)
3. [n-suf]
▶ product of
▶ produced in
▶ -grown
▶ -bred
4. [n]
▶ assets
▶ property
▶ fortune



History:
5. A 2023-12-07 03:12:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-12-06 22:01:46  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, gg5, prog
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<s_inf>usu. as お〜</s_inf>
@@ -18,0 +20,3 @@
+<gloss>native (of)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
@@ -20 +23,0 @@
-<gloss>native of</gloss>
@@ -21,0 +25,3 @@
+<gloss>produced in</gloss>
+<gloss>-grown</gloss>
+<gloss>-bred</gloss>
@@ -25 +30,0 @@
-<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
3. A 2023-12-05 05:52:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
"confinement" is a bit old-fashioned now but it's not really worth the effort removing it as a gloss.
2. A* 2023-12-05 02:49:43  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Removed "confinement". dated. Comments at お産
  Diff:
@@ -17 +16,0 @@
-<gloss>confinement</gloss>
1. A 2006-11-08 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2178000 Active (id: 2285268)
蘆薈芦薈 [sK]
ろかい
1. [n]
▶ aloe
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1019780 アロエ 1. aloe (esp. arborescens)



History:
2. A 2023-12-06 23:18:13  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.kanjipedia.jp/kanji/0007332400

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 蘆薈  │ 2,367 │ 97.3% │
│ 芦薈  │    65 │  2.7% │ - add, sK (itaiji)
│ ろかい │ 2,627 │  N/A  │
╰─ーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>芦薈</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
1. A 2007-05-30 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2248700 Active (id: 2287192)
八姓
はっせい
1. [n] [arch]
▶ eight hereditary titles (designated by Emperor Tenmu in 684 CE: Mahito, Ason, Sukune, Imiki, Michinoshi, Omi, Muraji, Inagi)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2248690 八色の姓 1. eight hereditary titles (designated by Emperor Tenmu in 684 CE: Mahito, Ason, Sukune, Imiki, Michinoshi, Omi, Muraji, Inagi)



History:
5. A 2024-01-03 05:01:15  Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Align Asomi ->  Ason.
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>eight hereditary titles (designated by Emperor Tenmu in 684 CE: Mahito, Asomi, Sukune, Imiki, Michinoshi, Omi, Muraji, Inagi)</gloss>
+<gloss>eight hereditary titles (designated by Emperor Tenmu in 684 CE: Mahito, Ason, Sukune, Imiki, Michinoshi, Omi, Muraji, Inagi)</gloss>
4. A 2023-12-06 01:40:06  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬─────╮
│ 八姓 │ 154 │
╰─ーー─┴─────╯
  Comments:
See discussion on entry 2452650
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<misc>&hist;</misc>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
3. A* 2023-12-05 23:05:57 
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<misc>&arch;</misc>
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
2. A 2023-12-05 10:32:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -14 +13,0 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
1. A 2007-12-20 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2538630 Active (id: 2285233)
出産予定日
しゅっさんよていび
1. [n]
▶ date a baby is due
▶ expected delivery date
▶ due date
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1543300 予定日【よていび】 2. date a baby is due; expected delivery date; due date



History:
4. A 2023-12-06 04:55:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning (again).
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>due date</gloss>
3. A 2023-12-05 05:56:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: an expected date of 「confinement [birth, delivery]; a [one's] due date; the date a baby is due.
  Comments:
Actually, it's the mother's due date.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>expected delivery date (of a baby)</gloss>
-<gloss>(baby's) due date</gloss>
+<gloss>date a baby is due</gloss>
+<gloss>expected delivery date</gloss>
2. A* 2023-12-05 03:04:49  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Baby due date
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/baby-due-date

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estimated_date_of_delivery
The estimated date of delivery (EDD), also known as expected date of confinement,[1] and estimated due date or simply due date....

Incredible... wikipedia's "reference" for the term "expected date of confinement" is:
A Concise Guide to the Employment Ordinance. Labour Department, Hong Kong Government

You can read the ordinance here if you like:
https://zegal.com/blog/post/employment-ordinance-in-hong-kong/
  Comments:
comments at お産.  If "confinement" is dated, so is "expected date of confinement", which is especially odd as the 1st gloss. (even though wikipedia explicitly offers it, using a Hong Kong government regulation as a citation, hah).

My intuition seeing "due date" was "baby's due date".  The internet tells me that a straight "baby due date" might be even more common.  Either one (or both), but "due date" should probably be here in some form.

If you want to read a fun collection of random tidbits, you can google:
"date of confinement" site:reddit.com

What happens when a sailor gets pregnant at sea?
https://www.reddit.com/r/navy/comments/5xoz6j/what_happens_when_a_sailor_gets_pregnant_at_sea/
 It basically says "this servicemember is pregnant. Her estimated date of confinement (20 weeks) is DDMMMYYYY, and her estimated date of delivery is DDMMMYYYY.
Once you reach 20 weeks of pregnancy you are not allowed onboard at all. The ship can opt to keep you to 20 weeks, but every CO in the history of ever will kick you off te ship as soon as possible. This is called the "date of confinement." Don't know why....but it is. Edit: I looked up the term confinement. It's a relic from the 1800s

https://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/c3p3rx/til_in_tudor_times_high_class_women_would_close/
Yeah some of our forms at work still have ‘Expected Date of Confinement’ on them. I’m gradually changing them so that the ‘C’ refers to ‘Childbirth’ because I’d like us to move on from the 1500s.
Edit: to clarify, I don’t work in a hospital, these are maternity forms where I work (I work in HR). The ‘Confinement’ part actually confuses people.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<gloss>expected date of confinement</gloss>
@@ -13,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>(baby's) due date</gloss>
1. A 2010-04-15 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2578320 Active (id: 2285238)
大草原
だいそうげん
1. [n]
▶ great plain
▶ prairie
▶ steppe
▶ savanna
▶ pampa
2. [exp] [net-sl]
▶ hahahaha
▶ LMAO
▶ ROFL
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1401910 草 5. LOL; haha



History:
8. A 2023-12-06 05:34:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -20,4 +20,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・5</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・5</xref>
7. A 2019-12-27 01:27:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2019-12-27 00:05:25  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
jitsuyou, Twitter
gg5 (sense 1)
  Comments:
I don't think sense 2 is a noun meaning "laughter".
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<gloss>great plain</gloss>
@@ -14 +15,2 @@
-<gloss>pampas</gloss>
+<gloss>savanna</gloss>
+<gloss>pampa</gloss>
@@ -17,3 +19,2 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・くさ・4</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2714230">w・わら</xref>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
@@ -21,2 +22,3 @@
-<gloss>laughter</gloss>
-<gloss>LOL</gloss>
+<gloss>hahahaha</gloss>
+<gloss>LMAO</gloss>
+<gloss>ROFL</gloss>
5. A 2019-12-25 23:23:41  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -20 +20 @@
-<misc>&sl;</misc>
+<misc>&net-sl;</misc>
4. A 2017-12-08 22:01:03  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2591760 Active (id: 2285225)
鬢差し鬢差
びんさし
1. [n] [arch]
▶ bow-shaped whale-bone or copper hairpins used to increase the volume on the side of a woman's hair (Edo period)



History:
6. A 2023-12-06 01:38:11  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───╮
│ 鬢差し  │ 0 │
│ 鬢差   │ 0 │
│ びんさし │ 0 │
╰─ーーーー─┴───╯
  Comments:
See discussion on entry 2452650
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<misc>&hist;</misc>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
5. A* 2023-12-05 23:07:20 
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<misc>&arch;</misc>
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
4. A 2023-12-05 10:45:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16 +15,0 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
3. A 2010-11-09 08:09:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2010-11-05 21:40:43  Scott
  Comments:
I submitted this one as 2591530

I think this new version is better though
  Diff:
@@ -17,1 +17,1 @@
-<gloss>whale-bone hairpins (Edo period)</gloss>
+<gloss>bow-shaped whale-bone or copper hairpins used to increase the volume on the side of a woman's hair (Edo period)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2649580 Active (id: 2285259)
旱損
かんそん
1. [n] [arch]
▶ drought damage



History:
6. A 2023-12-06 22:04:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
We don't typically have x-refs on arch entries.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1212020">干害・かんがい</xref>
5. A 2023-12-05 10:42:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -14 +13,0 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
4. A 2014-02-09 00:52:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1867280">旱害</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1867280">旱害</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1212020">干害・かんがい</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1212020">干害・かんがい</xref>
3. A 2011-07-26 18:25:17  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2011-07-26 06:11:46  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Archaic too
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +13,1 @@
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
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jmdict 2831053 Active (id: 2285239)
草生える草はえる
くさはえる
1. [v1,vi] [net-sl,joc]
▶ to laugh
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1401910 草 5. LOL; haha

Conjugations


History:
8. A 2023-12-06 05:35:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16,4 +16,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・5</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・5</xref>
7. A 2020-11-03 17:56:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2714230">w・わら</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
6. A 2020-11-03 11:02:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2020-11-03 10:28:35  Opencooper
  Refs:
https://twitter.com/search?q="草はえる"&f=live
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>草はえる</keb>
4. A 2019-12-25 23:24:57  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<pos>&v1;</pos>
@@ -12 +12,0 @@
-<pos>&v1;</pos>
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<misc>&sl;</misc>
+<misc>&net-sl;</misc>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2835608 Active (id: 2285237)
草不可避
くさふかひ
1. [exp] [net-sl]
▶ I can't help but laugh
▶ I have to laugh at this
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1401910 草 5. LOL; haha



History:
5. A 2023-12-06 05:34:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12,4 +12,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・4</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・5</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1401910">草・5</xref>
4. A* 2023-12-05 07:17:23  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Opening this entry so we'll remember to fix the cross-reference when the new sense is approved on 草.
Also need to update entries 2578320 and 2831053.
3. A 2019-12-25 23:19:52  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<misc>&sl;</misc>
+<misc>&net-sl;</misc>
2. A 2018-05-14 22:46:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2018-05-14 20:29:40  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.weblio.jp/content/草不可避
dic.nicovideo.jp/a/草不可避
500k googits
  Comments:
Another 草 slang term. I see this a lot online.

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jmdict 2840452 Active (id: 2296106)
地球規模で考え、足元から行動せよ地球規模で考え足元から行動せよ [sK]
ちきゅうきぼでかんがえ、あしもとからこうどうせよ
1. [exp]
▶ think globally, act locally
▶ think global, act local



History:
5. A 2024-03-26 18:47:28  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
https://github.com/JMdictProject/JMdictIssues/issues/122
Adding commas to readings to align with kanji forms.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>地球規模で考え足元から行動せよ</keb>
+<keb>地球規模で考え、足元から行動せよ</keb>
@@ -8 +8,2 @@
-<keb>地球規模で考え、足元から行動せよ</keb>
+<keb>地球規模で考え足元から行動せよ</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -11 +12 @@
-<reb>ちきゅうきぼでかんがえあしもとからこうどうせよ</reb>
+<reb>ちきゅうきぼでかんがえ、あしもとからこうどうせよ</reb>
4. A 2023-12-06 03:06:40  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬────╮
│ 足元から行動せよ │ 50 │
│ 地元から行動せよ │  0 │
╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴────╯
3. A* 2023-12-06 02:58:11  Lorenzi
  Comments:
It seems like 足元(あしもと) was mistaken for 地元(じもと), but my research was limited.
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<reb>ちきゅうきぼでかんがえじもとからこうどうせよ</reb>
+<reb>ちきゅうきぼでかんがえあしもとからこうどうせよ</reb>
2. A 2019-06-26 23:03:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't like claiming a Google search as a "reference".
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>地球規模で考え足元から行動せよ</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8 +11 @@
-<reb>ちきゅうきぼでかんがえ、じもとからこうどうせよ</reb>
+<reb>ちきゅうきぼでかんがえじもとからこうどうせよ</reb>
1. A* 2019-06-24 10:45:17  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://www.google.com/search?hl=ja&ei=q6gQXfGTHsiy8QX74JjQDA&q="地球規模で考え、足元から行動せよ"&oq="地球規模で考え、足元から行動せよ"&gs_l=psy-ab.3...11921.12831..13166...0.0..0.232.341.0j1j1......0....1..gws-wiz.IK9VR5VO3I4
  Comments:
Seems to be the most common rendering of that saying

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jmdict 2858950 Active (id: 2285260)
立ちバック
たちバック
1. [n] [sl]
▶ standing sex from behind
▶ standing doggy style
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1098760 バック 8. doggy style (sexual position)



History:
3. A 2023-12-06 22:05:20  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
バック is [sl].
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<misc>&col;</misc>
+<misc>&sl;</misc>
2. A 2023-12-05 22:37:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
立ちバック	4859
  Comments:
I guess so.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1098760">バック・8</xref>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
1. A* 2023-10-02 05:30:43 
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/後背位

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jmdict 2858989 Active (id: 2285349)
生セラ
なまセラ
1. [n] [dated,sl]
▶ shop where schoolgirls remove and sell their underwear in front of an audience
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1114550 ブルセラ 1. used women's clothing such as bloomers and high-school sailor-suit uniforms (esp. as a source of sexual arousal)



History:
6. A 2023-12-08 00:53:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'd like to keep it, and "dated" is probably better than "rare".
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<misc>&dated;</misc>
5. A* 2023-12-07 17:55:35  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬────────╮
│ 生セラ  │    269 │
│ ブルセラ │ 71,271 │ - cross-referenced entry
╰─ーーーー─┴────────╯
  Comments:
None of the works cited assume that the readers already know what the word means. References like these don't make a convincing case that a word is an established term that is worth recording in a dictionary.

Since the word is rare, slangy, and describes a short-lived phenomenon from 20 years ago that may have never been widespread, I wouldn't object to dropping the entry.

If it stays I think we need mention something about this being "in front of an audience," since that's the key aspect that distinguishes this from ブルセラ.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13,3 @@
-<gloss>shop where schoolgirls remove and sell their underwear, etc.</gloss>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<misc>&sl;</misc>
+<gloss>shop where schoolgirls remove and sell their underwear in front of an audience</gloss>
4. A* 2023-12-07 14:24:10 
  Comments:
I originally saw this in Hideo Yamamoto's manga series Homunculus (~2004): https://i.imgur.com/fkF0Zph.png. You're probably not seeing many modern results because the practice was made illegal, but the references show that this was a thing.
3. A* 2023-12-06 22:15:44  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
生セラ	269
  Comments:
I doubt this is a common enough thing to warrant an entry. A Google search returns very few relevant results.
2. A 2023-12-05 06:01:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Charming.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>shop where schoolgirls take off and sell their underwear, etc., to viewers</gloss>
+<gloss>shop where schoolgirls remove and sell their underwear, etc.</gloss>
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jmdict 2859394 Active (id: 2285246)
契りを交わす
ちぎりをかわす
1. [exp,v5s]
▶ to exchange promises (esp. of marriage)
▶ to exchange vows

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2023-12-06 07:55:55  Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>to exchange vows</gloss>
2. A 2023-11-30 22:04:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
契りを交わす	2348
契りを交わした	3598
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>to exchange a promise (esp. of marriage)</gloss>
+<gloss>to exchange promises (esp. of marriage)</gloss>
1. A* 2023-11-30 13:24:05 
  Refs:
daijr/s

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jmdict 2859418 Active (id: 2285240)
酋領
しゅうりょう
1. [n] [arch]
▶ chieftain
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1853880 酋長 1. chieftain



History:
11. A 2023-12-06 05:59:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Obviously if a term is used in a book or paper related to the period when it was in more regular use, that does not override the "term was primarily used during or before the Edo period" criterion applied to the [arch] tag. Many of our [arch] terms can be found in WWW pages, and usually they are used in the context of such historical settings.
I signed of on Marcus' change to [rare] for this one, but on reflection, I think it's best as [arch].
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
10. A* 2023-12-06 02:05:16  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
That book, 漢民族華南発展史研究, and the others listed in google books, look like research papers on the subject of ancient Chinese history.
If that is the standard we're going to use, probably all of our [arch] words could be changed to [rare].
We already discussed this in entry 2452650 and settled on keeping it as [arch].
9. A 2023-12-04 02:45:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2023-12-04 02:22:03  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
>Nikkoku's source is 宋史−吐蕃趙思忠伝.
Nikkoku always list the earliest known reference, if I'm not mistaken, so an old example there isn't really indicative of it being arch. Since it's given as a synonym in daijr's 酋長 entry, I think this should be rare rather than arch. I'm getting some recent hits on google books e.g. 漢民族華南発展史研究 (1984).
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<misc>&arch;</misc>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
7. A 2023-12-03 22:50:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/Editorial_policy#Old_and_Rarely_Used_Terms - 
 - "arch" (archaism). This is typically used to indicate that the term was primarily used during or before the Edo period.
 - "rare". This is used to indicate that a term, although in current use, is rarely encountered.
  Comments:
Quite. They are meant to be mutually exclusive. I'll go through them and remove the [rare] from the [arch] entries.
We have 3,000+ arch entries and 2,500+ rare entries, so the overlap is slight.
  Diff:
@@ -14 +13,0 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 2859441 Active (id: 2285247)
並び順
ならびじゅん
1. [n]
▶ (sorting) order
▶ sequence



History:
2. A 2023-12-06 08:14:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Unidic, Reverso, 理化学英和辞典
  Comments:
A bit A+B, which is why the JEs don't have it, but I think it's worth including.
1. A* 2023-12-06 06:52:48  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://www.weblio.jp/content/並び順
  Comments:
並び順	852202

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jmnedict 5746576 Active (id: 2289925)
北海道コンサドーレ札幌
ほっかいどうコンサドーレさっぽろ
1. [organization]
▶ Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo (Japanese professional soccer team)



History:
3. A 2024-01-25 01:18:26  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11 +10,0 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
2. A 2023-12-07 06:40:53  Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs: https://kotobank.jp/word/北海道コンサドーレ札幌-1729754
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo (Japanese pro soccer team)</gloss>
+<gloss>Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo (Japanese professional soccer team)</gloss>
1. A* 2023-12-06 15:05:28  matsugase <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/北海道コンサドーレ札幌

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jmnedict 5746577 Active (id: 2285385)
野々村芳和
ののむらよしかづ
1. [person]
▶ Yoshikazu Nonomura (1972.5.8-; soccer player)



History:
3. A 2023-12-08 22:45:55  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I agree.
2. A* 2023-12-06 19:07:14  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshikazu_Nonomura
  "Yoshikazu Nonomura (野々村 芳和, Nonomura Yoshikazu, born May 8, 1972) is a former Japanese football player. He currently chairman of J. League since 31 January 2022."
  Comments:
Wikipedia says he's the sixth chairman of the league. These kinds of details can become outdated quickly and probably aren't suited for jmnedict.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Nonomura Yoshikazu (1972.5.8-; chairman of the Japanese Soccer League)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshikazu Nonomura (1972.5.8-; soccer player)</gloss>
1. A* 2023-12-06 17:07:59  matsugase <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/野々村芳和

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