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jmdict 1170050 Active (id: 2282160)
淫蕩
いんとう
1. [n,adj-na] [form]
▶ debauchery
▶ dissipation
▶ lewdness
▶ lasciviousness



History:
3. A 2023-11-05 00:24:24  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
meikyo:〔文〕
  Comments:
I don't think "indulgence in pleasure" is needed. That's what debauchery means.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<misc>&form;</misc>
@@ -17 +17,0 @@
-<gloss>indulgence in pleasure</gloss>
2. A 2023-11-03 19:53:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
  Comments:
Noun glosses.
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -12,2 +12,0 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>indulgence in pleasure (of alcohol and women)</gloss>
@@ -16,0 +16,2 @@
+<gloss>lasciviousness</gloss>
+<gloss>indulgence in pleasure</gloss>
1. A* 2023-11-03 14:23:47 
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@
+<gloss>indulgence in pleasure (of alcohol and women)</gloss>
+<gloss>debauchery</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1230640 Active (id: 2281998)
旧劇
きゅうげき
1. [n]
▶ traditional Japanese theater (kabuki, noh, etc.)
▶ classical drama
▶ play of the old school
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1720580 新劇【しんげき】 1. shingeki; new drama (movement); form of Japanese theater developed towards the end of the Meiji period inspired by modern Western theater
2. [n] [dated]
▶ period drama (film)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1316310 時代劇 1. historical play; period drama



History:
6. A 2023-11-03 07:52:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2023-11-03 01:04:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr: 映画で,時代劇の旧名。現代劇を新派といったのに対する称。
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/旧劇
時代劇の古い呼称。
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<misc>&dated;</misc>
4. A 2023-11-02 05:27:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 and other JEs.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>classical drama</gloss>
3. A* 2023-11-02 01:55:53 
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>classical drama (kabuki, noh, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>traditional Japanese theater (kabuki, noh, etc.)</gloss>
2. A 2017-12-02 00:07:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1283380 Active (id: 2282102)
高貴 [news2,nf35]
こうき [news2,nf35]
1. [adj-na,n]
▶ noble
▶ high and noble
▶ exalted
2. [adj-na,n]
▶ noble (character)
▶ refined
▶ dignified
3. [adj-na,n]
▶ precious
▶ expensive
▶ valuable



History:
5. A 2023-11-04 11:02:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-11-04 01:46:13  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs, meikyo, smk
  Comments:
名・形動 in all the kokugos, including sankoku.
Some of the kokugos (and prog) have a third sense.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<gloss>high class</gloss>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -17,0 +18 @@
+<gloss>high and noble</gloss>
@@ -21,0 +23,8 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>noble (character)</gloss>
+<gloss>refined</gloss>
+<gloss>dignified</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -25 +33,0 @@
-<gloss>costly</gloss>
3. A 2023-11-04 00:23:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: ~な 〔身分が〕 high and noble; high; noble; exalted; princely; of 「royal [Imperial] blood; 〔値段の高い〕 precious; valued.
高貴	378559
高貴が	1057
高貴な	260352
高貴の	5129
  Comments:
I think the POS can be trimmed.
  Diff:
@@ -16,2 +15,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -19,0 +18 @@
+<gloss>exalted</gloss>
@@ -23,2 +22 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>precious</gloss>
2. A* 2023-11-03 14:15:45 
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21,8 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>expensive</gloss>
+<gloss>valuable</gloss>
+<gloss>costly</gloss>
+</sense>
1. A 2020-05-23 06:07:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Bulk update: Adjusting POS details
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -17 +17,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1293450 Active (id: 2282052)
再犯 [news2,nf46]
さいはん [news2,nf46]
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ second offense
▶ second offence
▶ reoffending
▶ recidivism
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1343040 初犯【しょはん】 1. first offence; first offense

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2023-11-03 22:34:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-11-03 18:06:15  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
sankoku also says [vs,vi].

https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=再犯
再犯する
自動
reoffend〔【語源】re(再び)+ offend〕

再犯する	2314
  Comments:
I'd like to not blindly gloss both 再犯 and 累犯 as recidivism, but it is what it is.  When we say "repeat offense" in English, I think once is enough, without consideration to the exact count. I think this must hold in Japanese as well, just looking at these(which are both "recidivism rate"):
再犯率	12815	99.2%
累犯率	104	0.8%
I doubt 再犯率 implies a "maximum" of 1 re-offense here.

We already have:
再犯防止 1. recidivism prevention
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16,2 @@
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
@@ -17,0 +20,2 @@
+<gloss>reoffending</gloss>
+<gloss>recidivism</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1293460 Active (id: 2282034)
再犯者
さいはんしゃ
1. [n] {law}
▶ second offender
▶ second-time offender
▶ repeat offender
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2006080 初犯者 1. first offender; first-time offender
  ⇒ see: 1738410 累犯者 1. repeat offender



History:
3. A 2023-11-03 20:07:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2023-11-03 18:32:08  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
reconsidered - I think second-offender and second-time offender are synonymous.  The hyphen seems correct to me, but is not always present in google hits. you may prefer without.,
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<gloss>second-time offender</gloss>
1. A* 2023-11-03 18:15:27  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
累犯者	1169	6.4%
再犯者	3414	18.8%

https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=再犯者
perpetual offender
reoffender〔【動】reoffende〕
two-time loser〈米俗〉
  Comments:
See comments on 累犯.  Even though this is literally "a second time", in practice it would seem there is not a hard implication that the person has only ever committed the crime twice. More like "at least twice", hence the very common "repeat offender" gloss on reverso.

For what it's worth, Sankoku specifies in parens: someone who re-offend within 5 years of parole.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2006080">初犯者</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1738410">累犯者</xref>
+<field>&law;</field>
@@ -12,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>repeat offender</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1315040 Active (id: 2282203)
児曹
じそう
1. [n] [arch]
▶ children



History:
4. A 2023-11-05 11:06:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Marginal, but harmless.
3. A 2023-11-05 00:20:42  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Earliest use is from 1705 according to nikk. 10 hits in Aozora. All but one is archaic.
Not even in daijr/s. I would drop this.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
2. A 2023-11-03 08:26:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-11-03 07:49:29  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
nikk: 〘名〙 子どもたち。児輩。


児輩	146	100.0% <- don't have this nikk suggestion
児曹	0	0.0%
  Comments:
[arch]?
4 yourei results.
in books.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1335080 Active (id: 2282134)
十分 [ichi1,news1,nf02] 充分 [ateji/spec1]
じゅうぶん [spec1,ichi1,news1,nf02]
1. [adj-na]
▶ enough
▶ sufficient
▶ plenty
▶ adequate
▶ satisfactory
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1334990 十二分【じゅうにぶん】 1. more than enough; more than ample; exhaustive
2. [adv]
▶ sufficiently
▶ fully
▶ thoroughly
▶ well
▶ perfectly
3. (十分 only) [n,vs,vt]
▶ division into ten

Conjugations


History:
7. A 2023-11-04 20:29:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2023-11-04 01:00:56 
  Diff:
@@ -41,0 +42 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
5. A 2023-11-03 11:14:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-11-03 03:23:29  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Meikyo and sankoku describe 十分 as the 本来 form.
shinmeikai: 「充分」と書くのは、借字。
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
3. A 2018-03-26 14:53:21  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
G n-grams:
 十分	26408291
 充分	 4855162
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri>
@@ -17,0 +19 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1343040 Active (id: 2282170)
初犯
しょはん
1. [n]
▶ first offence
▶ first offense
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1293450 再犯 1. second offense; second offence; reoffending; recidivism
2. [n]
▶ first offender
▶ first-time offender
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2006080 初犯者 1. first offender; first-time offender



History:
9. A 2023-11-05 04:26:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2023-11-04 23:52:39  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think this needs law tags.
None of my refs mark it as a legal term.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +12,0 @@
-<field>&law;</field>
@@ -20 +18,0 @@
-<field>&law;</field>
7. A 2023-11-04 00:25:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
6. A* 2023-11-03 18:28:39  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
eijiro:
初犯
first conviction
first offense
first-time criminal
first-time offender

Plenty of this
https://context.reverso.net/翻訳/英語-日本語/first-time+offender
  Comments:
A neat trick that 累犯 and 初犯 are not する, but 再犯 is, is quite the trick.

sankoku does not give [2], or 初犯者 for that matter. Much like English, maybe, "offender" isn't really as useful as "reoffender".
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1293450">再犯</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1293450">再犯</xref>
+<field>&law;</field>
@@ -13,0 +17,5 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2006080">初犯者</xref>
+<field>&law;</field>
@@ -14,0 +23 @@
+<gloss>first-time offender</gloss>
5. A 2018-04-26 02:02:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1351580 Active (id: 2281985)
[news1,nf19] 証し
あかし [news1,nf19]
1. [n]
▶ proof
▶ evidence
▶ sign
▶ testimony
▶ testament (to something)
▶ vindication
2. [n,vs,vt] {Christianity}
《usu. 証し》
▶ witnessing
▶ testifying
▶ testimony

Conjugations


History:
11. A 2023-11-03 02:23:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2023-11-03 00:10:39  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think we need a separate entry for 証し.
I don't think the 証し人 x-ref is needed.
  Diff:
@@ -17,4 +16,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>しょう</reb>
-<re_restr>証</re_restr>
-</r_ele>
@@ -31,8 +26,0 @@
-<stagr>しょう</stagr>
-<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
-<gloss>certificate</gloss>
-<gloss>license</gloss>
-<gloss>membership card</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<stagr>あかし</stagr>
@@ -42 +29,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2859122">証し人</xref>
@@ -48,12 +34,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<stagr>しょう</stagr>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<field>&Buddh;</field>
-<gloss>enlightenment</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<stagr>しょう</stagr>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>symptoms (in Chinese medicine)</gloss>
-<gloss>patient's condition</gloss>
9. A* 2023-10-31 05:27:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think this needs to be split into at least two and possibly three entries:
- 証/あかし - sense 1
- 証/しょう - senses 1, 2, 4 and 5
- 証し/あかし - sense 3
8. A* 2023-10-26 16:19:32  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
神の愛を証し	365	  
神の愛を証しする	77 <-- 20k googits (I know,...) explicit し wins in the [Christn] ngrams
神の愛を証する	20 <-- 2k googits	

キリストを証しする	537	76.3% <-- し wins again
キリストを証する	167	23.7%
  


Book: 証し 日本のキリスト者
https://www.amazon.co.jp/証し-日本のキリスト者-最相-葉月/dp/404601900X

Review of said book;
<書評>『証し 日本のキリスト者』最相葉月 著
https://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/242908
読者は、本書を開くとまず、「証し」とは何かの定義を見る。「『証し』とは、キリスト者が神からいただいた恵みを言葉や行動を通して人に伝えること。証、証言ともいう」。

(use of "testimony"):
Paul’s Testimony: The Gospel of the Grace of God 「 使徒パウロの証し:神の恵みの福音 」
https://www.alive.international/sermons/pauls-testimony-the-gospel-of-the-grace-of-god-「-使徒パウロの証し:神の恵みの/

Bilingual memorial service:
証し Testimony
Linked to timestamp with 証し Testimony on powerpoint slides.
https://youtu.be/xCzG4t0ZGVw?t=2568

「証(あか)しする」とは? 「賜物(たまもの)」とは?
https://www.cbcj.catholic.jp/faq/testimony/
いずれも基本的に、信者がイエス・キリストの教えにしたがって生活し、そのことばと行いを通して、まわりの人々にキリストの愛を伝えることを表します。
google trans: living according to the teachings of Jesus Christ and communicating Christ's love to those around them through their words and deeds. 
(i.e. witnessing)


It's not a word-for-word translation, but 証し is either "witnessing" or "share and declare the Gospel of Jesus Christ". Also, [vs,vt]
https://ariakebc.jp/bible-vitamin/20230817-あらゆる機会をとらえてキリストの復活を証し/
またパウロが引き裂かれそうになっているのを見てローマの司令官はパウロを兵営へ連れ戻しました。パウロはもう一度絶妙に機会をとらえて、いのちをもものともせず、キリストの復活を証しました。
But Paul is once again witnessing to the resurrection of Jesus Christ which is the pivotal point of the Gospel. Paul again uses every opportunity to share and declare the Gospel of Jesus Christ.

===========

何々の証し, eijiro is riddled with "a testament to"... collocations
https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=証し
Testament examples (17)
https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/証し#testament

One of the references is sense [3], and uses [vs,vt]: 
Such evidence witnesses to the fact that the New Testament was recognized far earlier than the Council of Carthage 
このような証拠は、新約聖書が紀元397年のカルタゴの会議よりもはるか前から認識されていた事実を証しています。
  Comments:
Might be worth splitting しょう and あかし. (not jmdict's fault, but there's quite a mess in Japanese between あかしする あかす しょうする しょうす あかし しょう).  (note: I read all the previous comments on this)

I have a wrinkle for you.  I think [3] is also [n], and still distinct from [1] (just as "witness" has these senses in English).  And, in that context, it's not only the reading that may prefer あかし, but the kanji form itself as 証し (with the し). All modern refs use this form.

Also note, sankoku gives *only* 証し. So while 証 might have some historical weight as あかし, it doesn't appear to be the preferred form today, and looking at Christian websites, し seems to appear explicitly. (though it is hard to search for usage without it).

I am grateful that [3] is here, even though the kokugos don't call it out. I hope I don't inadvertently push you to remove it.  It is specifically relevant to the context I just encountered it. A mystical villain appears who goes by the name "sloth"(怠惰), identifies himself as one of 6 disciples of a powerful witch (the central mysterious antagonist of the series) structured around the 7 deadly sins, carries a black Bible-like book he calls his 福音(gospel), speaks constantly of the witch's love, and describes the book using 証し(subtitled with this orthography).  The relevance to Christianity is unmistakable.  If we didn't have [3] here, I'd miss the weight of the vocabulary choice entirely.

As he repeats 証し 証し 証し in Japanese, the English translation is "proof".   Later he describes the book as 寵愛の証し, which is subbed "proof of love". This may overlap adequately with [1].  

This is one of the later senses of "witness" in the dictionary:
openly profess one's religious faith.
"one of the purposes of his coming was to nerve the disciples to witness to Jesus"

I think there may also be some nuance differences that cannot be identified with しょう and おかし stuck together in [1]. (I'm not sure if "proof of love" especially needs to be called out, but there do seem to be reasons for preferring one term over the other).
  Diff:
@@ -26,0 +27 @@
+<gloss>testament (to something)</gloss>
@@ -37,0 +39 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -39 +41,8 @@
-<gloss>to testify (usu. Christian religious context)</gloss>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2859122">証し人</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2859122">証し人</xref>
+<field>&Christn;</field>
+<s_inf>usu. 証し</s_inf>
+<gloss>witnessing</gloss>
+<gloss>testifying</gloss>
+<gloss>testimony</gloss>
7. A 2018-08-09 23:12:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Quite a bit of discussion in 2007 about sense 3. Interesting comment from Kanji Haitani:
"Not an amendment, just a comment.
証する is usually read しょうする。
証す is read あかす。
It appears that 証する is read あかしする only in the Christian Church in Japan. e.g.
福音をを証する(あかしする)。 神の愛を証する(あかしする)。"
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1365730 Active (id: 2282003)
身震い [spec2,news2,nf42] 身振い [rK] 身ぶるい [sK]
みぶるい [spec2,news2,nf42]
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ shivering (with cold)
▶ trembling (with fear)
▶ shuddering

Conjugations


History:
7. A 2023-11-03 11:15:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2023-11-03 06:33:40  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 身震い  │ 105,398 │ 97.3% │
│ 身振い  │     134 │  0.1% │ - rK (koj)
│ 身ぶるい │   2,538 │  2.3% │ - sK
│ みぶるい │     226 │  0.2% │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -14,0 +16 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5. A 2021-11-18 01:27:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -24,0 +25 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
4. A 2018-02-28 22:37:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2018-02-28 15:05:42  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5 koj daijs
  Diff:
@@ -25,2 +25,2 @@
-<gloss>shivering</gloss>
-<gloss>trembling</gloss>
+<gloss>shivering (with cold)</gloss>
+<gloss>trembling (with fear)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1444630 Active (id: 2284957)
渡り合う [news2,nf42]
わたりあう [news2,nf42]
1. [v5u,vi]
▶ to fight (with)
▶ to cross swords
▶ to compete (with)
2. [v5u,vi]
▶ to argue (with)
▶ to have an argument
▶ to have a dispute
▶ to debate

Conjugations


History:
10. A 2023-12-02 10:43:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think that the "equal terms" is coming from the adverbs such as 互角に and 堂々と. If it was implicit in 渡り合う, why would they be added? Both the JEs and kokugos have them.
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>to fight (with) on equal footing</gloss>
+<gloss>to fight (with)</gloss>
9. A* 2023-11-03 13:21:58 
  Refs:
sankoku:
たがいに(対等に)〈切り合う/戦う〉。
daijr:
相手になって争う。応戦する。
「チャンピオンと互角に━・う」
meikyo:
相手になって戦う。
daijs:
相手になって戦う。
「格上のチームと互角に―・う」
obunsha:
刀できりあう。また、激しく競い合う。
「強豪と互角に―」
iwanami:
相手になって切り合う、または争う。激しく論じ合う。
「互角に―」
koujien:
相手になって斬りあう。(強い相手と対等に)戦う。
gg5:
►互角に渡り合う prove oneself ┏a match [a worthy opponent, no mean foe]
・堂々と渡り合う compete [vie] fairly and squarely 《with…》
  Comments:
i don't think it's over-interpreting
sankoku and koujien explicitly say that it's fighting on equal terms, most kokugos use "相手になる" which basically means the same thing in this context and generally all dictionaries go out of their way to use "互角に" in examples
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>to fight (with)</gloss>
+<gloss>to fight (with) on equal footing</gloss>
8. A 2023-11-03 11:31:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
That qualification isn't in any of the JEs. I think it's over-interpreting what's in the kokugos.
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>to fight (with) on equal footing</gloss>
+<gloss>to fight (with)</gloss>
7. A* 2023-10-31 13:46:39 
  Refs:
sankoku, daijr/s, smk
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>to fight (with)</gloss>
+<gloss>to fight (with) on equal footing</gloss>
6. A 2022-12-23 01:58:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
"debate" seems a bit tame here. I think it should go further down.
  Diff:
@@ -25 +24,0 @@
-<gloss>to debate</gloss>
@@ -27,0 +27 @@
+<gloss>to debate</gloss>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1497100 Active (id: 2281990)
遍く普く周く [rK]
あまねく
1. [adv] [uk]
▶ widely
▶ extensively
▶ far and wide
▶ everywhere
▶ all around
▶ generally
▶ universally



History:
7. A 2023-11-03 05:29:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The JEs are ambivalent; GG5 prefers 遍く.
6. A* 2023-11-03 04:38:45  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
普く	5887	7.0%
遍く	13946	16.5%
あまねく	64294	76.2%
周く	221	0.3%

Yourei gives:
あまねく 706
遍く 163
普く 123
周く 8
  Comments:
reordered.
sankoku gives 普く;遍く, but  IME gives me 遍く first on windows and android, and 遍く wins on yourei and ngrams.  But 6 of 1, half dozen of the other I guess, both seem fine if you insist on kanji.
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>遍く</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8,3 +10,0 @@
-<keb>遍く</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
5. A 2018-10-28 03:18:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2018-10-27 19:45:04  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20,4 @@
+<gloss>extensively</gloss>
+<gloss>far and wide</gloss>
+<gloss>everywhere</gloss>
+<gloss>all around</gloss>
@@ -22 +25,0 @@
-<gloss>far and wide</gloss>
3. A 2015-03-09 10:25:11  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
then add it, please
  Diff:
@@ -17,0 +18 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1519310 Active (id: 2282157)
房事
ぼうじ
1. [n]
▶ bedroom activity (of a married couple)
▶ sexual intercourse



History:
4. A 2023-11-04 23:49:19  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, luminous
  Comments:
I don't think we need so many glosses.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>sex (between a married couple)</gloss>
+<gloss>bedroom activity (of a married couple)</gloss>
@@ -14,2 +13,0 @@
-<gloss>lovemaking</gloss>
-<gloss>things that happen in the bedroom</gloss>
3. A* 2023-11-04 00:38:59 
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>sex</gloss>
+<gloss>sex (between a married couple)</gloss>
2. A 2023-11-03 20:00:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: activity in the conjugal bedroom; bedroom activity; sexual intercourse.
  Comments:
Always provide references.
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>things that happen in bedroom</gloss>
+<gloss>things that happen in the bedroom</gloss>
1. A* 2023-11-03 17:46:45 
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>things that happen in bedroom</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1546160 Active (id: 2282040)
溶媒 [news2,nf44]
ようばい [news2,nf44]
1. [n] {chemistry}
▶ solvent



History:
1. A 2023-11-03 21:04:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<field>&chem;</field>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1546770 Rejected (id: 2282062)
要旨 [ichi1,news1,nf05]
ようし [ichi1,news1,nf05]
1. [n]
▶ point
▶ essentials
▶ gist
▶ summary
▶ fundamentals
▶ abstract (in academia)

History:
2. R 2023-11-04 00:36:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
"(in academia)" is not needed since we already have "summary".
Anyway, it's a fork.
1. A* 2023-11-03 22:57:00 
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23 @@
+<gloss>abstract (in academia)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1546770 Active (id: 2282173)
要旨 [ichi1,news1,nf05]
ようし [ichi1,news1,nf05]
1. [n]
▶ (main) point
▶ gist
▶ key points
▶ essentials
▶ substance
▶ summary
▶ outline
▶ abstract



History:
4. A 2023-11-05 04:37:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-11-04 23:39:23  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, luminous
  Diff:
@@ -18 +18,3 @@
-<gloss>point</gloss>
+<gloss>(main) point</gloss>
+<gloss>gist</gloss>
+<gloss>key points</gloss>
@@ -20 +22 @@
-<gloss>gist</gloss>
+<gloss>substance</gloss>
@@ -22 +24 @@
-<gloss>fundamentals</gloss>
+<gloss>outline</gloss>
2. A 2023-11-04 00:37:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-11-03 22:56:47 
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23 @@
+<gloss>abstract</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1556030 Active (id: 2282153)
累積 [news1,nf10]
るいせき [news1,nf10]
1. [n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ accumulation
2. [adj-f]
▶ cumulative
▶ accumulated

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2023-11-04 23:26:36  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
累積	416,942	
累積の	28,525	
累積し	26,695		
累積で	22,308		
累積する	8,786		
累積が	5,900		
累積を	4,340		
累積と	1,872		
累積に	1,848
  Comments:
Probably helpful. Prenominal use dominates.
3. A* 2023-11-03 17:39:28  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Deficit
累積赤字	32480	98.4%
累積の赤字	530	1.6%

Debt
累積債務	15972	99.6%
累積の債務	66	0.4%

Points:
累積ポイント	7985	99.4%
累積のポイント	48	0.6%




累積の	28525	  
累積の投票	19550	

The exception, not the rule. "Cumulative voting":
累積の投票	19550	90.1%
累積投票	2159	9.9%
  Comments:
This seems to be fairly strongly [adj-f] vs [adj-no](see 赤字, ポイント、債務).  The one の exception is   累積の投票 (sometimes shortened to 累積投票) which is "Cumulative voting" in English.  But this is different from other words, as this means "voting by means of accumulation", vs. other collocations which generally mean "all of X added up" ("accumulated"/"cumulative").

We have a bunch of 累積* terms, eijiro has an even longer list I think (6 pages of collocations, in fact, usually "cumulative", sometimes "accumulated", a few oddballs).
https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=累積 

Given the fact that accumulation -> cumulative will be non-obvious to many, combined with the prevalence of [adj-f] usage, I think it's worth splitting this out for the extra glosses.
  Diff:
@@ -19 +18,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -20,0 +20,5 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-f;</pos>
+<gloss>cumulative</gloss>
+<gloss>accumulated</gloss>
2. A 2022-01-22 01:33:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Correct POS order
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -17 +16,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -19,0 +19 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
1. A 2021-11-18 00:51:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -17,0 +18,2 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1564270 Active (id: 2281979)
冤罪 [news2,nf33] えん罪寃罪 [sK]
えんざい [news2,nf33]
1. [n]
▶ false charge
▶ false accusation
▶ misrepresentation



History:
1. A 2023-11-03 01:13:37  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
冤罪	338722	91.3%
えん罪	31764	8.6%
寃罪	483	0.1%
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1565200 Active (id: 2282006)
哄笑
こうしょう
1. [n]
▶ loud laughter (esp. by a group of people)
▶ roar of laughter
▶ raucous laughter



History:
9. A 2023-11-03 11:23:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2023-11-02 23:44:41  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I prefer this.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>loud laughter (esp. by several people)</gloss>
+<gloss>loud laughter (esp. by a group of people)</gloss>
7. A 2023-11-01 10:50:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2023-11-01 09:53:50 
  Comments:
Clearer? Just crowd by itself...
  Diff:
@@ -12,3 +12 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
-<pos>&vi;</pos>
-<gloss>loud laughter (esp. by a crowd)</gloss>
+<gloss>loud laughter (esp. by several people)</gloss>
5. A 2023-11-01 03:48:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>loud laughter (esp. by a crowd of people)</gloss>
+<gloss>loud laughter (esp. by a crowd)</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1570620 Active (id: 2282005)
[ichi1,news2,nf42] [rK]
わな [ichi1,news2,nf42]
1. [n]
▶ trap (for catching animals)
▶ snare
2. [n]
▶ trap
▶ trick
▶ ruse



History:
4. A 2023-11-03 11:20:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-11-03 01:15:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Diff:
@@ -21,0 +22 @@
+<gloss>trap (for catching animals)</gloss>
@@ -23 +23,0 @@
-<gloss>trap (for catching wild game, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -27 +27,3 @@
-<gloss>trap (i.e. ruse, subterfuge, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>trap</gloss>
+<gloss>trick</gloss>
+<gloss>ruse</gloss>
2. A 2023-11-02 06:37:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-11-02 06:11:36  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬───────────╮
│ 罠  │ 1,998,449 │
│ 羂  │       512 │ - rK (meikyo, daijr, etc.)
│ わな │ 1,234,035 │
╰─ーー─┴───────────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1576900 Active (id: 2284477)
[ichi1,news1,nf02]
おと [ichi1,news1,nf02]
1. [n]
▶ sound
▶ noise
2. [n]
▶ (musical) note
3. [n]
《as 音に聞く, 音に聞こえた, etc.》
▶ fame



History:
9. A 2023-11-27 23:13:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Indexing is OK.
8. A* 2023-11-10 00:39:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A 2023-11-10 00:39:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Thanks. I'll approve this, then reopen it to remind me to look at the indexing. It will be easier to do that once the latest example file is available in a couple of days.
6. A* 2023-11-09 01:53:00  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'll add "note" back in but without the [music] tag. It's not really music terminology.
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20,4 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>(musical) note</gloss>
5. A* 2023-11-03 22:32:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 (おと entry): 
高い[低い]音 a high-[low-]pitched sound
音の高さ pitch
〔演奏[歌唱]で〕 音を間違える play [sing] the wrong note(s)
〔演奏の前に〕 音を合わせる tune up.
GG5 (ね entry): ...〔楽器・鳥などの〕 (a) note ...
琴の音 the 「sound [tones] of a koto
笛の音 the piping of a flute
  Comments:
There's some ambivalence about the use of おと and ね in the context of musical notes. Perhaps we need a gloss here to reflect its use in expressions such as 高い音.
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1595430 Active (id: 2282007)
純朴 [news2,nf40] 淳朴 [rK] 醇朴 [rK]
じゅんぼく [news2,nf40]
1. [adj-na]
▶ simple and honest
▶ unsophisticated
▶ simpleminded
▶ naive
▶ unspoiled



History:
5. A 2023-11-03 11:26:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
  Comments:
I don't think naive needs to be explained.
  Diff:
@@ -26 +26,3 @@
-<gloss>naive (i.e. innocent)</gloss>
+<gloss>simpleminded</gloss>
+<gloss>naive</gloss>
+<gloss>unspoiled</gloss>
4. A* 2023-11-02 19:54:40  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Shinmeikai says 朴 can also be written 樸, but 樸 and 僕 don't get many counts in the n-grams.

〈純/淳/醇/じゅん/ジュン〉〈朴/樸/僕/ぼく/ボク〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 純朴    │ 73,043 │ 98.2% │
│ 淳朴    │    515 │  0.7% │
│ 醇朴    │    121 │  0.2% │
│ じゅん僕  │     72 │  0.1% │
│ 純樸    │     62 │  0.1% │
│ 淳ぼく   │     61 │  0.1% │
│ 淳僕    │     47 │  0.1% │
│ 淳樸    │     41 │  0.1% │
│ 純ぼく   │     33 │  0.0% │
│ じゅんぼく │    229 │  0.3% │
│ ジュンボク │    163 │  0.2% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
3. A* 2023-11-02 19:43:36  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/jeword/純朴
a naive [an unsophisticated] person


I kind of liked these, I feel like they are sometimes applicable. 
https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/3054/
Down to earth 
Honest 
Down-to-earth honest personality 
Down-home straightforward personality

"simple-hearted"
https://imperfectatbest.com/tag/happiness/
Let’s see how it can be interpreted. In the first place, we are not simple-hearted anymore. While small children burst into a fit of laughter in the next moment after throwing a tantrum, we, as grownups, like to make things complicated.
一つは、子供のような純朴さを失った。
Is this because of youth or because of devotion to a great cause at the expense of simple, if not naïve, happiness one could enjoy?
若かったからなのか、純朴とは言わないまでも、

homely
BRITISH
(of a place or surroundings) simple but cosy and comfortable, as in one's own home.
"a modern hotel with a homely atmosphere"
NORTH AMERICAN
(of a person) unattractive in appearance.

純朴	73043	96.2%
純朴が	105	0.1%
純朴を	201	0.3%
純朴は	56	0.1%
純朴さが	1269	1.7%
純朴さを	974	1.3%
純朴さは	263	0.3%

純朴さ	6464
  Comments:
I looked for some possibly-more-suitable glosses (and left refs), but I don't think I found anything reliably better.  I mostly just wanted to remove "homely", which for me means "unattractive". 

I don't know what to do if the British and English are in opposition.  Was "homely" from the British English sense perhaps?  There doesn't seem to be anything in this term related to physical appearance.

The "proper" noun is 純朴さ(also listed in sankoku), so removing [n] seems like better advice (even if there are straggling exceptions).

"naive" seems to be perfectly correct, except that there seems to be a strictly positives connotation. If that's the case, we might want to point it out somehow. (I gave "innocent", vs. the colloquial interpretation "stupid" , e.g. "don't be so naive"). 

sankoku doesn't mark it as 文 or anything else, and we have 70k ngrams.  But like a lot of these terms, they aren't necessarily so common.  I came across this funny q&a:
Q: 純朴を使った例文を教えて下さい。 出来るだけ日常で使う自然な表現でお願いします。
https://ja.hinative.com/questions/13916533
A: 日常では使いません。
  Diff:
@@ -24 +23,0 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -27,2 +26 @@
-<gloss>naive</gloss>
-<gloss>homely</gloss>
+<gloss>naive (i.e. innocent)</gloss>
2. A 2022-09-20 01:58:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-09-19 19:18:01  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, luminous
純朴	73043	99.1%
淳朴	515	0.7%
醇朴	121	0.2%
  Diff:
@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>淳朴</keb>
-</k_ele>
@@ -12,0 +10,4 @@
+<keb>淳朴</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -13,0 +15 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -23,2 +25 @@
-<gloss>rustic simplicity</gloss>
-<gloss>homeliness</gloss>
+<gloss>simple and honest</gloss>
@@ -27,2 +28 @@
-<gloss>honest</gloss>
-<gloss>simple</gloss>
+<gloss>homely</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1619430 Active (id: 2282010)
送呈
そうてい
1. [n,vs,vt] [form]
▶ sending (one's own book, etc.) as a gift

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2023-11-03 11:35:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2023-11-02 23:16:43  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>sending as a gift (usu. one's book or other work)</gloss>
+<gloss>sending (one's own book, etc.) as a gift</gloss>
3. A 2023-11-02 22:06:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: ~する send 《a book》 as a present; present 《a book》.
中辞典: 送呈する send a person 《a presentation [complimentary] copy of one's book》.
ルミナス: 出版社は著者に彼の新作本を 20 部*送呈した The 「publishing company [publisher] sent the author twenty complimentary copies of his new book.
Both Daijirin/Diajisen use 「拙著を―いたします」 as an example.
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>sending as a gift</gloss>
+<gloss>sending as a gift (usu. one's book or other work)</gloss>
2. A* 2023-11-02 21:02:52  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
yourei...
両人出発の後は、その不在の宅にありて当日の夜更けに宴会を張り、あるいは歌い、あるいはおどり、もって婚儀を祝するなり。その翌日、結婚菓子を分配して、親戚、朋友の家に送呈するを例とすという。

daijs:
そう‐てい【送呈】
[名](スル)他人に物を送って、差し上げること。「拙著を送呈いたします」

送呈	8599	  
送呈中	7493	  <-- huh, "on its way"?
送呈中です	689	  
送呈し	270	 

https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/送呈
例文
送呈する例文帳に追加
to send someone something as a present発音を聞く   - EDR日英対訳辞書
  Comments:
Not terribly common.  6 yourei examples. First yourei hit was dividing up leftover sweets at a wedding and sending to the guests. Second was a shirt. The last was literally a Confederate Flag(E->J book translation?).  sankoku says 文.  At 8,600 ngrams, I'm guessing this isn't often said aloud.
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14,2 @@
-<gloss>sending a book as a present</gloss>
+<misc>&form;</misc>
+<gloss>sending as a gift</gloss>
1. A 2021-11-18 01:09:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1738400 Active (id: 2282051)
累犯
るいはん
1. [n]
▶ repeated offense
▶ repeated offence
▶ recidivism



History:
2. A 2023-11-03 22:33:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-11-03 17:48:43  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=累犯
persistent offender
recidivism〔不可算〕
repeated convictions《法律》
repeated crime
repeated offenses
  Comments:
Was the wikipedia xref. Eijiro. In particular:
累犯率
recidivism rate

(mix of "recidivism rate" and "repeat offense rate")
https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/再犯率
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>recidivism</gloss>

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jmdict 1741600 Active (id: 2281976)
朽壊
きゅうかい
1. [n,vs,vi] [obs]
▶ rotting and crumbling

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2023-11-03 00:49:33  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Can't find any contemporary examples.
According to nikk, the earliest recorded use is from 1869.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<misc>&obs;</misc>
2. A 2023-11-02 20:12:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-11-02 18:23:04  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
朽壊	55	0.1%
若朽	62	0.1%
朽廃	2407	5.3%
腐朽	43205	94.5%
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1872660 Active (id: 2282032)
倶利迦羅紋紋倶梨伽羅紋紋倶利伽羅紋紋倶梨迦羅紋紋倶利伽羅もんもん [sK] 倶利迦羅紋々 [sK] 倶梨伽羅紋々 [sK] 倶利伽羅紋々 [sK] 倶梨迦羅紋々 [sK] 俱利迦羅紋紋 [sK] 俱梨伽羅紋紋 [sK] 俱梨迦羅紋紋 [sK] 俱利伽羅紋紋 [sK] 俱利迦羅紋々 [sK] 俱梨伽羅紋々 [sK] 俱梨迦羅紋々 [sK] 俱利伽羅紋々 [sK]
くりからもんもん
1. [n] [uk]
▶ tattoo (esp. one of a flame-wreathed dragon wrapped around and swallowing the tip of an upright sword)
▶ person with a tattoo
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2836476 倶利迦羅 1. Kulika; manifestation of Acala in the form of a flame-wreathed dragon wrapped around and swallowing the tip of an upright sword
  ⇐ see: 2836474 紋々【もんもん】 1. tattoo (esp. one of a flame-wreathed dragon wrapped around and swallowing the tip of an upright sword); person with a tattoo



History:
10. A 2023-11-03 20:01:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yech
9. A* 2023-11-03 19:45:08  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
My previous edit to this entry didn't catch the 梨 versions of this word. These versions are in shinmeikai and sankoku, for example.

So there are four kanji variations in this word. Two to the fourth power = 16 combinations.
〈倶/俱〉〈利/梨〉〈迦/伽〉羅紋〈紋/々〉

俱 and 倶 are really the same kanji (通用字体; similar to the 頬 and 頬 situation). All recently published dictionaries favor the former, but the n-gram counts favor the latter. I think we're all OK with hiding these additional forms (see entry 1905160 for example).

Normally we don't hide 々 forms, but maybe we can make an exception here. That leaves us with 4 forms to display.


Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 倶利伽羅もんもん │   181 │  9.1% │
│ 倶利迦羅紋紋   │   140 │  7.0% │ - display #1
│ 倶梨伽羅紋紋   │   138 │  6.9% │ - display #2
│ 倶利伽羅紋紋   │    77 │  3.9% │ - display #3
│ 倶梨迦羅紋紋   │     0 │  0.0% │ - display #4
│ 倶利迦羅紋々   │    26 │  1.3% │
│ 倶梨伽羅紋々   │    73 │  3.7% │
│ 倶利伽羅紋々   │    80 │  4.0% │
│ 倶梨迦羅紋々   │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 俱利迦羅紋紋   │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 俱梨伽羅紋紋   │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 俱梨迦羅紋紋   │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 俱利伽羅紋紋   │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 俱利迦羅紋々   │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 俱梨伽羅紋々   │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 俱梨迦羅紋々   │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 俱利伽羅紋々   │     0 │  0.0% │
│ くりからもんもん │ 1,031 │ 51.7% │
│ クリカラモンモン │   249 │ 12.5% │
╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<keb>倶利迦羅紋々</keb>
+<keb>倶梨伽羅紋紋</keb>
@@ -13,0 +14,15 @@
+<keb>倶梨迦羅紋紋</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>倶利伽羅もんもん</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>倶利迦羅紋々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>倶梨伽羅紋々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -14,0 +30,5 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>倶梨迦羅紋々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -18 +38,13 @@
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>俱梨伽羅紋紋</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>俱梨迦羅紋紋</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>俱利伽羅紋紋</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -22 +54,13 @@
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>俱梨伽羅紋々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>俱梨迦羅紋々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>俱利伽羅紋々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -29,0 +74 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
8. A 2022-08-21 08:04:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I guess I'll put that one back.
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,8 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>俱利迦羅紋紋</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>俱利迦羅紋々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
7. A* 2022-08-20 23:52:56  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
俱利迦羅紋紋 is how it's written in meikyo. A twitter search shows more than a few recent usages.
6. A* 2022-08-20 23:30:12  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Surely we can drop all the 俱 forms?
  Diff:
@@ -15,12 +14,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>俱利迦羅紋紋</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>俱利迦羅紋々</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>俱梨伽羅紋紋</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>俱梨伽羅紋々</keb>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1878150 Deleted (id: 2282004)
伍を重ねる
ごをかさねる
1. [exp,v1]
▶ to double the ranks

Conjugations


History:
3. D 2023-11-03 11:18:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Drop it.
2. D* 2023-11-03 07:34:57  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
重ねる doesn't habitually mean "double", so I looked into it.  This collocation only exists in dictionary form, and only in a handful of references (including some we trust, which is why I imagine it is here).

I find no real-world uses at all (book results or internet).

Zero book results: "伍を重ね", "伍を重ねて". Internet results are just parroting our own entry.
1. A 2011-02-14 23:45:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Added additional PoS via batch update.Added additional PoS via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@
+<pos>&v1;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1913750 Deleted (id: 2282494)
侑食
ゆうしょく
1. [n] [rare]
▶ assisting at dinner
▶ dining with a superior



History:
4. D 2023-11-08 07:15:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Lack of n-gram counts or references makes it hard to justify.
3. D* 2023-11-04 23:20:07  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Only in kanjigen.
2. A 2023-11-03 11:13:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Very marginal.
1. A* 2023-11-03 07:42:18  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
侑食	0	0.0%
侑觴	0	0.0%
  Comments:
No common vocab on this kanji. Names only
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2006080 Active (id: 2282033)
初犯者
しょはんしゃ
1. [n] {law}
▶ first offender
▶ first-time offender
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1293460 再犯者 1. second offender; second-time offender; repeat offender
  ⇐ see: 1343040 初犯【しょはん】 2. first offender; first-time offender



History:
2. A 2023-11-03 20:07:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I do too. I suspect first offender is AmE.
1. A* 2023-11-03 18:30:14  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
At first I convinced myself these glosses were different in English, but I don't think so.  I would personally prefer the second gloss.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1293460">再犯者</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1293460">再犯者</xref>
+<field>&law;</field>
@@ -12,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>first-time offender</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2027390 Active (id: 2282411)
突発性発疹突発性発しん [sK]
とっぱつせいほっしんとっぱつせいはっしん
1. [n] {medicine}
▶ roseola
▶ exanthem subitum
▶ roseola infantum
▶ sixth disease
▶ three-day fever
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2858990 バラ疹【ばらしん】 1. roseola



History:
14. A 2023-11-07 11:03:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK, I switched the readings in 3 other 発疹 entries.
13. A* 2023-11-03 23:38:33  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think this is similar to the 30分 as -じゅっぷん vs -じっぷん situation on entry 2859157 in which -じゅっぷん is the commonly used version. And たぐい as 類い vs 類 in entry 1596870.

はっしん might be more common in 50 years if the Ministry of Education is successful in steering the language that way, but it seems safe to stick with ほっしん for now.
12. A* 2023-10-22 01:27:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11. A 2023-10-22 01:27:33  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
High time we resolved this one. I'll move ほっしん to the front, approve and reopen.
If this is agreed, we should do all the 発疹 entries.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<reb>とっぱつせいはっしん</reb>
+<reb>とっぱつせいほっしん</reb>
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<reb>とっぱつせいほっしん</reb>
+<reb>とっぱつせいはっしん</reb>
10. A* 2023-10-08 16:48:41  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
To clarify, I meant people on twitter are complaining about NHK anchors pronouncing it as "はっしん"
Lots of anger and confusion
(show/hide 9 older log entries)

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jmdict 2059090 Active (id: 2282039)

もぐさ
1. [n]
▶ moxa (dried mugwort leaf used in moxibustion)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2064140 灸 1. moxibustion
2. [n]
▶ Japanese mugwort (Artemisia princeps)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1517830 【ヨモギ】 1. Japanese mugwort (Artemisia princeps)



History:
4. A 2023-11-03 20:44:08  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think we can be sure that the mugwort sense is rare. Wikipedia mentions it.
  Diff:
@@ -17,2 +17 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1517830">蓬・1</xref>
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<xref type="see" seq="1517830">ヨモギ・1</xref>
3. A* 2023-11-02 09:58:53  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://furigana.info/w/艾
もぐさ	68.4%
よもぎ	26.3%
ガイ	5.3%

Moxibustion:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/灸
灸(きゅう、やいと)とは、艾(もぐさ=ヨモギの葉の産毛を陰干し・精製取得したもの)...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moxibustion
Moxibustion (Chinese: 灸; pinyin: jiǔ) is a traditional Chinese medicine therapy which consists of burning dried mugwort (wikt:moxa) on particular points on the body.

https://kotobank.jp/word/艾-645287
も‐ぐさ【×艾】
《燃え草の意》<---- means burnable grass
1 ヨモギの葉を干し、臼でついて作る綿状のもの。灸きゅうを据える際に燃やす材料。焼き草。
2 ヨモギの別名。

The whole process of making mogusa from yomogi (from growing the plant, to drying and processing it)
もぐさを作ってみよう
http://www.rakko-do.com/terakoya04.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moxa
Moxa may refer to:
Moxa, material used in moxibustion, a Chinese traditional medicine
Mihail Moxa (1550–1650), Romanian historiographer and translator
Moxa, Thuringia, Germany, municipality
Moxa Technologies, Taiwanese company
  Comments:
Sankoku does not have [2]. 

Japanese Wikipedia moxibustion(灸) opening line explains the relationship between ヨモギ and もぐさ(ref).

I gifted a bottle of Jeppson's Malört, a bitter herbal liquor, to a Japanese friend, who in turn introduced me to the term 蓬 ヨモギ(mugwart), which has 艾 listed as a secondary kanji form.  I can only speculate, but I have to imagine that 艾 when read as  もぐさ (literally "burnable/burning grass", pointed out by daijs) in modern Japanese is generally going to mean [1]. 

We might not generally write in an explanation for "moxa", but without one the very-relevant xref (moxa => moxibustion) will be very confusing.  Also, "moxa" does not readily produce an explanation on google.  And, a little info in [1] explains the relationship between [1] and [2] nicely.  

I doubt many people know what moxa is (let alone moxibustion), so a little info may not hurt, at least for disambiguation.

If [2] didn't already xref 蓬[1], I would say that [1] should.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>moxa</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2064140">灸</xref>
+<gloss>moxa (dried mugwort leaf used in moxibustion)</gloss>
@@ -16,0 +18 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
2. A 2020-08-29 09:59:05  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16,2 +16,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1517830">蓬</xref>
-<gloss>Japanese mugwort</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1517830">蓬・1</xref>
+<gloss>Japanese mugwort (Artemisia princeps)</gloss>
1. A 2005-07-13 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2111570 Active (id: 2282041)
溶媒和物
ようばいわぶつ
1. [n] {chemistry}
▶ solvate



History:
2. A 2023-11-03 21:05:43  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&chem;</field>
1. A 2006-12-04 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2149980 Active (id: 2282588)
如露如電
にょろにょでん
1. [n] [rare] {Buddhism}
▶ existence (as we perceive it) is as mutable and incorporeal as is the morning dew or a flash of lightning
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2413010 如露亦如電 1. existence (as we perceive it) is as mutable and incorporeal as is the morning dew or a flash of lightning



History:
7. A 2023-11-09 01:09:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2023-11-03 06:54:43  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
如露亦如電	568	100.0%
如露如電	0	0.0%

https://kotobank.jp/word/如露亦如電-2071410


如露如電 1 news hit
如露亦如電 45 news hits
  Comments:
reversing xref. will copy this gloss to the other side.

The 5-character is not common, but maybe not rare for being what it is (a piece of Buddhist philosophy).  This 4 character version is rare vs. the 5 character version.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2413010">如露亦如電</xref>
5. A 2022-08-01 02:18:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Remove unsupported yoji tag
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -14 +13,0 @@
-<misc>&yoji;</misc>
4. A 2015-07-18 22:47:29  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2015-07-18 20:51:26 
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>existence (as we percieve it) is as mutable and incorporeal as is the morning dew or a flash of lightning</gloss>
+<gloss>existence (as we perceive it) is as mutable and incorporeal as is the morning dew or a flash of lightning</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2174800 Active (id: 2282151)
累囚縲囚纍囚
るいしゅう
1. [n] [arch]
▶ prisoner



History:
4. A 2023-11-04 23:19:25  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Probably archaic.
I'm in favour of dropping entries like this.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
@@ -19,2 +18 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1330470">囚人</xref>
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
3. A 2023-11-03 20:08:33  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2023-11-03 18:38:26  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs: 捕らわれている人。囚人。
累囚	0	0.0%
縲囚	0	0.0%
纍囚	0	0.0%
囚人	719942	99.9%
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1330470">囚人</xref>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
1. A 2007-05-30 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2174800 Rejected (id: 2282172)
累囚纍囚 [sK] 縲囚 [sK]
るいしゅう
1. [n] [arch]
▶ prisoner

History:
6. R 2023-11-05 04:36:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No references or reason given .All 3 forms are in various kokugos.
5. A* 2023-11-04 23:43:48 
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8,2 @@
-<keb>縲囚</keb>
+<keb>纍囚</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -11 +12,2 @@
-<keb>纍囚</keb>
+<keb>縲囚</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4. A 2023-11-04 23:19:25  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Probably archaic.
I'm in favour of dropping entries like this.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
@@ -19,2 +18 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1330470">囚人</xref>
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
3. A 2023-11-03 20:08:33  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2023-11-03 18:38:26  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs: 捕らわれている人。囚人。
累囚	0	0.0%
縲囚	0	0.0%
纍囚	0	0.0%
囚人	719942	99.9%
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1330470">囚人</xref>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2203950 Active (id: 2282045)
モーセの五書
モーセのごしょ
1. [exp,n]
▶ Pentateuch
▶ Five Books of Moses
▶ Torah
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2203940 モーセ五書 1. Pentateuch; Five Books of Moses; Torah



History:
4. A 2023-11-03 21:55:00  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
モーセの五書	339		
モーセ五書	3,535
  Comments:
I don't think this needs a rare tag.
  Diff:
@@ -14 +13,0 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
3. A 2023-11-01 00:55:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Realigned.
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15,2 @@
-<gloss>first five books of the Bible, traditionally attributed to Moses</gloss>
+<gloss>Pentateuch</gloss>
+<gloss>Five Books of Moses</gloss>
@@ -17 +17,0 @@
-<gloss>Pentateuch</gloss>
2. A* 2023-10-30 03:47:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -15 +16,3 @@
-<gloss>Pentateuch (first five books of the Bible, traditionally attributed to Moses)</gloss>
+<gloss>first five books of the Bible, traditionally attributed to Moses</gloss>
+<gloss>Torah</gloss>
+<gloss>Pentateuch</gloss>
1. A 2007-08-15 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2348460 Deleted (id: 2281981)
基準試験
きじゅんしけん
1. [n] [rare]
▶ standard test



History:
5. D 2023-11-03 01:15:14  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Agreed.
4. A* 2023-11-03 01:04:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think this is needed, especially if we're keeping it so general.
3. A 2023-11-01 10:36:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Reverso, WWW pages.
  Comments:
I see examples of it being used for entrance tests to educational institutions. It's far too broad to try and use field tags.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +11,0 @@
-<field>&engr;</field>
-<field>&agric;</field>
@@ -15 +13 @@
-<gloss>standard test (i.e. against official material standards, safety standards, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>standard test</gloss>
2. A* 2023-10-29 15:31:34  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
eijiro
基準試験に受かる
pass a standard test

ベンチマーク	234252	99.6%
基準試験	825	0.4%

https://www.weblio.jp/content/基準試験
材料や機械が使えるかどうかを確かめ、配合を決定し、また管理する上で必要な基準になる数値を得る為に実施する試験。

https://doboku.ezwords.net/yougo/基準試験.html
ぴったり土木用語
基準試験とは (きじゅんしけん)
(standard test)<1>使用材料や使用機械が施工可能か否かを確認する試験。<2>アスファルト混合物の配合を決定し、管理基準値を確認する試験。

I believe this could be related:
https://www.aimil.com/blog/what-is-asphalt-testing-and-why-is-it-necessary/#The_Different_Types_of_Asphalt_Tests_How_They_Work
(a lot of on-site tests to evaluate if the materials meet certain standards)

Materials Testing: Should You Change from the Standard Test Method Approach?
https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=20070

https://seidoublog.com/construction-management2/
使用材料の基準試験
材料の基準試験の項目は、工種ごとに定められています。
  Comments:
I question whether this was ever used in computing, and whether it needs a gloss or xref to ベンチマーク.  Book results seem to be compatible with the weblio definition, usually having 工事 in the title.

I gave it a go, and I've left what I've found in the refs.  I'm feel "medium" about this gloss.  Just wanted to strip "benchmark".  I put a good amount of effort in, but there's no silver-bullet conclusive reference I can find.  It seems a bit "A+B", where different contexts might yield different, simple-enough interpretations.  This might be one of those "better to delete it than have an incorrect gloss" situations.  

Not in the kokugos that I can see, but eijiro has it in a few places with the simple-but-wholly-ambiguous gloss.

This alignment give a good hint as to one possible sense:

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
https://www.mhlw.go.jp/topics/idenshi/codex/06/dl/cac_gl72.pdf
選定された基準試験所(reference laboratory)

And here's a good string (which might be a different sense).  I don't have an alignment, but you can kind of see what it is:
「無線LAN等の欧米基準試験データの活用の在り方に関する検討会」
https://twitter.com/MIC_JAPAN/status/1641750016669921280
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,4 @@
-<field>&comp;</field>
-<gloss>benchmark (test)</gloss>
+<field>&engr;</field>
+<field>&agric;</field>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<gloss>standard test (i.e. against official material standards, safety standards, etc.)</gloss>
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2392380 Active (id: 2282036)
累算器
るいさんき
1. [n] [rare] {computing}
▶ accumulator
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1015070 アキュムレータ 2. accumulator



History:
3. A 2023-11-03 20:10:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2023-11-03 18:43:33  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
累算器	242	1.2%
アキュムレータ	19838	98.8%

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/アキュムレータ_(コンピュータ)
累算 appears once for explanatory purposes, but 累算器 does not.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1015070">アキュムレータ・2</xref>
@@ -12,0 +14 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2413010 Active (id: 2282589)
如露亦如電
にょろやくにょでん
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ existence (as we perceive it) is as mutable and incorporeal as is the morning dew or a flash of lightning
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2149980 如露如電【にょろにょでん】 1. existence (as we perceive it) is as mutable and incorporeal as is the morning dew or a flash of lightning



History:
4. A 2023-11-09 01:09:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-11-03 07:09:59  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.italki.com/ja/post/TY1DUCwV2bas6r0aufD9vC
一切有为法
All conditioned phenomena
如梦幻泡影
are like dreams, illusions, bubbles, shadows,
如露亦如電
dew and lightning
應作如是觀

https://diamond-sutra.com/read-the-diamond-sutra-here/diamond-sutra-chapter-32/
“So I say to you –
This is how to contemplate our conditioned existence in this fleeting world:”

“Like a tiny drop of dew, or a bubble floating in a stream;
Like a flash of lightning in a summer cloud,
Or a flickering lamp, an illusion, a phantom, or a dream.”

“So is all conditioned existence to be seen.”
  Comments:
Just if you were also curious...From the "Diamond Sutra"

When I counted "news" results, it was for google's very loose definition of "news" (twitter, bloggish things). 

This is just a chunk of a larger passage.  If you do an image search, you'll actually encounter products with the whole thing.

A memorial stone(fragment of passage):
http://bangaifudasho.web.fc2.com/nyoroyakunyoroden.html

Calligraphy: (whole passage)
https://ameblo.jp/yuyu-chiba/entry-12308699237.html
2. A* 2023-11-03 06:55:48  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
reversed xrefs. aligned glosses. stats at xref.
  Diff:
@@ -11,4 +11,3 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2149980">如露如電</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2149980">如露如電</xref>
-<gloss>like dew or lightning, gone in a flash</gloss>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<field>&Buddh;</field>
+<gloss>existence (as we perceive it) is as mutable and incorporeal as is the morning dew or a flash of lightning</gloss>
1. A 2008-11-21 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2855783 Active (id: 2282053)
悲劇俳優
ひげきはいゆう
1. [n]
▶ tragic actor
▶ tragedian



History:
4. A 2023-11-03 22:37:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Indeed.
3. A* 2023-10-31 23:20:46  Lorenzi
  Comments:
The reading appears to have been a mistake. 悲劇役者 (ひげきやくしゃ) is seemingly also a common term. Should a different entry be created for it?
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>ひげきやくしゃ</reb>
+<reb>ひげきはいゆう</reb>
2. A 2022-07-28 23:02:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Theatrical terms tend to be gender neutral these days.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<gloss>tragic actor</gloss>
@@ -13,2 +13,0 @@
-<gloss>tragic actor (actress)</gloss>
-<gloss>tragedienne</gloss>
1. A* 2022-07-28 13:15:22  Alex Lasto <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
研究社 新和英大辞典 第5版

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jmdict 2859036 Active (id: 2282149)

カンフーバットカンフー・バット
1. [n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "kungfu bats"
《named after Bruce Lee's use of nunchaku》
▶ two small plastic baseball bats connected with a chain (struck against each other during sports chants)



History:
6. A 2023-11-04 23:16:44  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think the ヌンチャク x-ref is needed.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1092340">ヌンチャク</xref>
5. A 2023-11-03 11:34:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Let it go.
4. A* 2023-10-31 05:26:20 
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<lsource ls_wasei="y">kungfu bats</lsource>
3. A* 2023-10-31 04:46:29 
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<s_inf>based on Bruce Lee's nunchaku</s_inf>
+<s_inf>named after Bruce Lee's use of nunchaku</s_inf>
2. A* 2023-10-31 04:35:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Certainly must be an entry. Attempting to trim it a bit.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,3 @@
-<s_inf>named from their similarity to nunchaku, famously used by Bruce Lee</s_inf>
-<gloss>two small plastic baseball bats connected with a chain (struck against each other as a percussion instrument during sports chants)</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1092340">ヌンチャク</xref>
+<s_inf>based on Bruce Lee's nunchaku</s_inf>
+<gloss>two small plastic baseball bats connected with a chain (struck against each other during sports chants)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2859120 Active (id: 2282174)
歯育て
はそだて
1. [n]
▶ dental health (in babies and young children)



History:
4. A 2023-11-05 04:38:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-11-04 23:09:08  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
「歯育て」=「虫歯予防」+「歯並び予防」として当院では捉え、きれいなお口は虫歯ゼロだけではなく、正しい歯列であることも大切だと考えております。
  Comments:
Not just hygiene.
"baby" and "infant" are usually synonymous.
Not used for adults.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>oral hygiene (esp. in babies and infants)</gloss>
+<gloss>dental health (in babies and young children)</gloss>
2. A 2023-11-03 22:09:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
歯育て	853
  Comments:
Certainly getting a lot of use in that context.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>oral hygiene (in babies and infants)</gloss>
+<gloss>oral hygiene (esp. in babies and infants)</gloss>
1. A* 2023-10-25 22:52:59  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://heartful-konkan.com/blog/preventive/19408
https://www.city.edogawa.tokyo.jp/e052/kenko/kenko/kenkodukuri/shika/ha_kutisoudan/shikasodan.html
  Comments:
Likely a play on 子育て

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jmdict 2859145 Active (id: 2281983)
をいい事にを良い事に
をいいことにをよいことに [sk]
1. [exp] [uk]
▶ taking advantage of ...
▶ using ... as an excuse



History:
4. A 2023-11-03 01:23:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog
  Comments:
I don't think the note is helpful. It's just a nominalizing の.
  Diff:
@@ -20,3 +20,2 @@
-<s_inf>usu. の〜</s_inf>
-<gloss>taking advantage of...</gloss>
-<gloss>under the pretence of...</gloss>
+<gloss>taking advantage of ...</gloss>
+<gloss>using ... as an excuse</gloss>
3. A* 2023-10-31 11:25:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: -をいいことに 
●偶然の成功をいいことに彼らはまた同じ作戦に出た. Following up on [Flushed with] their accidental success, they embarked on the same strategy again.
のをいいことに	103290
をいいことに	174724
のをいい事に	17508
をいい事に	28300
を良い事に	15887
をよいことに	5123
を好い事に	186
5 Tanaka sentences
  Comments:
I think it's worth having. Moving the の to a note. I'll reindex the sentences if this gets agreement.
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,6 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>をいい事に</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>を良い事に</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -5 +11,5 @@
-<reb>のをいいことに</reb>
+<reb>をいいことに</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>をよいことに</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -9 +19,4 @@
-<gloss>to take advantage of...</gloss>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
+<s_inf>usu. の〜</s_inf>
+<gloss>taking advantage of...</gloss>
+<gloss>under the pretence of...</gloss>
2. A* 2023-10-31 03:00:23  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
We have a usage note describing this pattern in the entry for いい事
  Diff:
@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>のをいいことに</keb>
-</k_ele>
1. A* 2023-10-31 02:54:45  Marcus Aseth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/をいいことに-o-ii-koto-ni-meaning/
  Comments:
don't know if this should be like that or just いいことに , but I think it's a grammar pattern worth including in the dictionary.

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jmdict 2859146 Deleted (id: 2281982)
担務表
たんむひょう
1. [n] [rare]
▶ staff roster
▶ table of employee duties
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1489350 表【ひょう】 1. table; chart; list



History:
4. D 2023-11-03 01:15:55  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I agree. A+B and not particularly common.
3. A* 2023-11-03 00:30:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think this is needed. Few web hits. 担務 is now an entry.
2. A 2023-10-31 11:02:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
担務表	66
担務	5801
  Comments:
I've proposed an entry for 担務. Maybe this is not needed but 表 has multiple meanings.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1489350">表・ひょう・1</xref>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
@@ -13 +15 @@
-<gloss>table showing distribution of duties between employees</gloss>
+<gloss>table of employee duties</gloss>
1. A* 2023-10-31 07:39:28  Sergey Kharlamov <...address hidden...>

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jmdict 2859147 Active (id: 2281974)
担務
たんむ
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ one's duties (in an organization)
▶ one's responsibilities
▶ taking charge of (a duty)

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2023-11-03 00:22:54  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs: 組織内で、業務を分担して受け持つこと。「—変更」「複数の業務を—する」
jitsuyo: 組織において担当する任務ならびにその責任範囲。職務、職責。
  Diff:
@@ -12,3 +12,5 @@
-<gloss>duties</gloss>
-<gloss>responsibilities</gloss>
-<gloss>division of tasks</gloss>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<gloss>one's duties (in an organization)</gloss>
+<gloss>one's responsibilities</gloss>
+<gloss>taking charge of (a duty)</gloss>
1. A* 2023-10-31 10:57:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.weblio.jp/content/担務 Jitsuyo
https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/担務/  Daijs
Unidic
担務	5801

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jmdict 2859157 Active (id: 2281984)
30分三十分
さんじゅっぷんさんじっぷん
1. [n]
▶ thirty minutes
▶ half an hour



History:
2. A 2023-11-03 02:09:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.joyokanji.com/content/tale-two-kanji-or-perhaps-only-one-kanji
  Comments:
There aren't really any "language officials in Japan". I think you are referring to the bureaucrats in the education ministry who control what is taught to school kids. I (and a lot of other people) don't have a high opinion of a lot of what they do. I have a dig at the "grey-suited men in the smoke-filled rooms in the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, etc., etc." in the referenced article.
I'm quite happy to include this entry.
1. A* 2023-11-02 23:56:29  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
NHK Accent.
Sounds like the language officials in Japan want people to say じっぷん because じゅっ- isn't an official reading for 十. If you google "さんじっぷん", you can find posts on chiebukuro about confused parents who are surprised that their children are being taught the official version.

https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1013465965
  Comments:
Surely さんじゅっぷん is still 一般的, though.

I think an entry for an exceptionally common unit of time like this might be useful.

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jmdict 2859158 Active (id: 2281986)

しょう
1. [n]
▶ proof
▶ evidence
2. [n-suf]
▶ certificate
▶ license
▶ permit
▶ membership card
▶ ID card
3. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ enlightenment
4. [n]
▶ symptoms (in Chinese medicine)
▶ patient's condition



History:
2. A 2023-11-03 02:23:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-11-03 00:10:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Split from 1351580.

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jmdict 2859159 Active (id: 2282100)
二択2択
にたく
1. [n]
▶ (having) two choices
▶ choice between two things
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1461960 二者択一 1. choosing between two things; two choices



History:
6. A 2023-11-04 10:58:46  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>2択</keb>
5. A 2023-11-04 01:50:26  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs: 選択肢が二つあること。また、その二つのうち、どちらか一つを選ぶこと。「転勤か退職の—を迫られる」
  Comments:
I don't think that part should be in brackets.
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>(choosing between) two things</gloss>
+<gloss>choice between two things</gloss>
4. A 2023-11-03 20:12:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2023-11-03 15:16:58 
  Diff:
@@ -13,2 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>(one of) two choices</gloss>
-<gloss>choosing between two things</gloss>
+<gloss>(having) two choices</gloss>
+<gloss>(choosing between) two things</gloss>
2. A 2023-11-03 07:57:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD xrefs to 二者択一
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1461960">二者択一</xref>
@@ -12,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>choosing between two things</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2859160 Active (id: 2282850)
慢性疼痛
まんせいとうつう
1. [n] {medicine}
▶ chronic pain



History:
4. A 2023-11-10 22:23:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Thanks
3. A* 2023-11-10 14:27:22 
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>まんせいとうつ</reb>
+<reb>まんせいとうつう</reb>
2. A 2023-11-03 20:14:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
医学英和辞典
慢性疼痛	14431
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&med;</field>
1. A* 2023-11-03 14:26:28  サマンサ <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
i believe this is a helpful word

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jmdict 2859161 Active (id: 2282275)
[ichi1]
おん [ichi1]
1. [n,n-suf]
▶ sound
▶ noise
2. [n]
▶ (speech) sound
3. [n]
▶ Chinese-derived reading of a kanji
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1956150 訓 1. native Japanese reading of a Chinese character



History:
2. A 2023-11-06 05:09:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-11-03 21:52:27  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Split from 1576900.

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jmdict 2859162 Active (id: 2282715)
[ichi1] [rK]
[ichi1]
1. [n]
▶ sound
▶ tone
▶ note
▶ ring
▶ chirp



History:
2. A 2023-11-10 00:20:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2023-11-03 21:54:01  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Split from 1576900.
Daijs, koj and nikk have 哭.

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jmdict 2859163 Active (id: 2282054)
悲劇役者
ひげきやくしゃ
1. [n]
▶ tragic actor
▶ tragedian



History:
1. A 2023-11-03 22:41:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 - 悲劇俳優[役者] a tragedian; a tragic actor
  Comments:
Sorting out 2855783 mixup.

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jmnedict 5746536 Active (id: 2282046)
佐藤天彦
さとうあまひこ
1. [person]
▶ Satō Amahiko (1988.1.16-; professional shogi player)



History:
2. A 2023-11-03 22:07:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/佐藤天彦
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Satō Amahiko (1988.1.16-, professional shogi player)</gloss>
+<gloss>Satō Amahiko (1988.1.16-; professional shogi player)</gloss>
1. A* 2023-11-03 18:30:19  matsugase <...address hidden...>

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jmnedict 5746537 Active (id: 2282047)
芝野虎丸
しばのとらまる
1. [person]
▶ Shibano Toramaru (1999.11.9-; professional go player)



History:
2. A 2023-11-03 22:09:01  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shibano Toramaru (1999.11.9-, professional Go player)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shibano Toramaru (1999.11.9-; professional go player)</gloss>
1. A* 2023-11-03 18:31:45  matsugase <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shibano_Toramaru

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jmnedict 5746538 Active (id: 2282049)
豊島将之
とよしままさゆき
1. [person]
▶ Toyoshima Masayuki (1990.4.30-; professional shogi player)



History:
2. A 2023-11-03 22:10:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Toyoshima Masayuki (1990.4.30-, professional shogi player)</gloss>
+<gloss>Toyoshima Masayuki (1990.4.30-; professional shogi player)</gloss>
1. A* 2023-11-03 18:36:40  matsugase <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masayuki_Toyoshima

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