JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1224320 Active (id: 2207479)
亀裂 [news1,nf07] ；き裂；龜裂 [sK]
【きれつ [news1,nf07] 】

1.

[n]
▶ crack
▶ crevice
▶ fissure
▶ chap
▶ rift

History:

6.	A 2022-09-05 05:28:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-09-05 02:02:03 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 亀裂　　 │ 620,951 │ 89.1% │ │ 龜裂　　 │ 317 │ 0.0% │ 🡠 oK to sK │ き裂　　 │ 73,174 │ 10.5% │ │ きれつ　 │ 2,465 │ 0.4% │ ├─ーーーー─┼─────────┼───────┤ │ 亀裂が　 │ 225,209 │ 89.4% │ │ 龜裂が　 │ 33 │ 0.0% │ │ き裂が　 │ 26,428 │ 10.5% │ 🡠 doesn't seem like these are false positives │ きれつが │ 325 │ 0.1% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -10,2 +10 @@ -<keb>龜裂</keb> -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +<keb>き裂</keb> @@ -14 +13,2 @@ -<keb>き裂</keb> +<keb>龜裂</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2013-04-19 22:40:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-04-19 21:58:04 winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This can be used in a more figurative sense, as in a 亀裂 forming between people, in which case the more literal "crack, crevice, fissure" don't really fit, so "rift" is good for those occasions.
	Diff:	@@ -27,0 +27,1 @@ +<gloss>rift</gloss>
2.	A 2010-09-21 17:42:23 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2010-09-21 14:47:21 Scott
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>き裂</keb>

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jmdict 1366060 Active (id: 2207577)
進行 [ichi1,news1,nf07]
【しんこう [ichi1,news1,nf07] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ moving forward (e.g. of a vehicle) ▶ onward movement
2.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ progress (of work, activities, etc.) ▶ advance ▶ making headway
3.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ progression (of a disease, global warming, etc.)
4.	[n] {music} ▶ progression (e.g. chord progression)

Conjugations

History:

11.	A 2022-09-06 03:59:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Most of the examples are for sense 2.
10.	A* 2022-09-05 08:59:10 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daijs
	Comments:	Tidy-up
	Diff:	@@ -20 +20 @@ -<gloss>moving forward (e.g. vehicle)</gloss> +<gloss>moving forward (e.g. of a vehicle)</gloss> @@ -28,3 +28,3 @@ -<gloss>advance (work, procedure, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>advancement</gloss> -<gloss>progress</gloss> +<gloss>progress (of work, activities, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>advance</gloss> +<gloss>making headway</gloss> @@ -36,2 +36 @@ -<gloss>progress (of a disease)</gloss> -<gloss>disease progression</gloss> +<gloss>progression (of a disease, global warming, etc.)</gloss> @@ -42 +41 @@ -<gloss>progression (harmonic, melodic)</gloss> +<gloss>progression (e.g. chord progression)</gloss>
9.	A 2022-09-03 21:19:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2022-09-03 19:27:43 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo, obunsha, and iwakoku have [vt,vi] for our sense [2] (物事がはかどること)
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
7.	A 2022-08-15 03:16:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A* 2022-08-15 02:59:59 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -24,0 +26 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -31,0 +34 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
5.	A 2019-03-07 01:44:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2019-03-06 08:15:08
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25 @@ -<gloss>advance (work, procedure, etc)</gloss> +<gloss>advance (work, procedure, etc.)</gloss>
3.	A 2014-09-03 22:19:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2014-08-26 04:14:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, ルミナス, 中辞典,
	Comments:	Daijirin has just two senses - physical movement forwards, and progress/advancement. I think that makes sense. ルミナス has the same senses. 中辞典 just has one sense, and GG5 has 4, which pretty much follow the split by Not Meiryo-Name, but adds the musical one. Really senses 2 and 3 are contexts of the one sense, but it probably makes sense to splits them.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>move forward (vehicle)</gloss> +<gloss>moving forward (e.g. vehicle)</gloss> +<gloss>onward movement</gloss> @@ -24,0 +26 @@ +<gloss>advancement</gloss> @@ -30,2 +32,7 @@ -<gloss>progress (disease)</gloss> -<gloss>worsening</gloss> +<gloss>progress (of a disease)</gloss> +<gloss>disease progression</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&music;</field> +<gloss>progression (harmonic, melodic)</gloss>
1.	A* 2014-08-25 17:45:23 Not Meiryo-Name <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	djs;djr;prog3e;研究社新和英中
	Comments:	the 3 senses actually share the same English words, but the English words ("advance", "progress") has many meanings. I thought it would be a good idea to narrow down the scope.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19,6 @@ -<gloss>advance</gloss> +<gloss>move forward (vehicle)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>advance (work, procedure, etc)</gloss> @@ -21,0 +27,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>progress (disease)</gloss> +<gloss>worsening</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1397110 Active (id: 2207515)
粗目；双目 [rK]
【ざらめ；ザラメ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ granulated sugar
▶ brown sugar

History:

2.	A 2022-09-05 23:11:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 22:44:21 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 粗目　 │ 20,277 │ 16.5% │ │ 双目　 │ 3,604 │ 2.9% │ 🡠 adding (jitsuyou, nikkoku) │ ざらめ │ 43,133 │ 35.0% │ │ ザラメ │ 56,134 │ 45.6% │ 🡠 adding (jitsuyou) ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>双目</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -9,0 +14,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ザラメ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -11,0 +20 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>

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jmdict 1410660 Active (id: 2207897)
怠ける [ichi1] ；懶ける [rK]
【なまける [ichi1] 】

1.	[v1,vi] ▶ to be lazy ▶ to be idle ▶ to slack
2.	[v1,vt] ▶ to neglect (e.g. one's work) ▶ to be neglectful of ▶ to skip (e.g. school)

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2022-09-08 06:37:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-09-07 10:28:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	I don't think the x-ref is needed.
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>to be lazy</gloss> @@ -20 +21 @@ -<gloss>to slacken</gloss> +<gloss>to slack</gloss> @@ -25 +25,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1410710">怠る</xref> @@ -26,0 +27,2 @@ +<gloss>to be neglectful of</gloss> +<gloss>to skip (e.g. school)</gloss>
2.	A 2022-09-05 23:12:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 22:18:04 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────╮ │ 怠ける　 │ 31,486 │ │ 懶ける　 │ 0 │ 🡠 rK (daijr/s, koj, meikyo) │ なまける │ 6,529 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────╯
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1410710 Active (id: 2208084)
怠る [ichi1,news2,nf29]
【おこたる [ichi1,news2,nf29] 】

1.	[v5r,vt] ▶ to neglect ▶ to be negligent in ▶ to be neglectful of ▶ to fail to do ▶ to leave undone ▶ to avoid (doing) ▶ to shirk ▶ to be unmindful of
2.	[v5r,vi] [dated] ▶ to improve (of an illness) ▶ to get better

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2022-09-09 20:47:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-09-09 13:20:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, saito, daij, shinmeikai
	Comments:	Dropping x-ref.
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19,6 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1410660">怠ける・2</xref> -<gloss>to be negligent in doing something</gloss> +<gloss>to neglect</gloss> +<gloss>to be negligent in</gloss> +<gloss>to be neglectful of</gloss> +<gloss>to fail to do</gloss> +<gloss>to leave undone</gloss> +<gloss>to avoid (doing)</gloss> @@ -22 +26,8 @@ -<gloss>to be off one's guard</gloss> +<gloss>to be unmindful of</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<misc>&dated;</misc> +<gloss>to improve (of an illness)</gloss> +<gloss>to get better</gloss>
2.	A 2022-09-05 23:15:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 21:47:37 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬─────────╮ │ 怠る　 │ 155,452 │ │ 怠ける │ 31,486 │ ╰─ーーー─┴─────────╯
	Comments:	Not sure if this x-ref is really necessary.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1410660">怠ける</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1410660">怠ける・2</xref>

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jmdict 1433940 Active (id: 2207514)
爪楊枝 [ichi1] ；妻楊枝 [rK] ；つま楊枝 [sK]
【つまようじ [ichi1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ toothpick

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2857421 小楊枝【こようじ】 1. toothpick
	⇐ see: 1545780 楊枝【ようじ】 1. toothpick

History:

4.	A 2022-09-05 23:11:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-09-05 22:14:44 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 爪楊枝　　 │ 130,762 │ 56.7% │ │ つま楊枝　 │ 7,937 │ 3.4% │ 🡠 adding │ 妻楊枝　　 │ 1,293 │ 0.6% │ 🡠 this is in meikyo, but none of my other refs mention it │ ツマ楊枝　 │ 397 │ 0.2% │ │ つまようじ │ 83,123 │ 36.0% │ │ ツマヨウジ │ 7,243 │ 3.1% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Since 妻楊枝 has the meikyo endorsement, I think [rK] might be fine
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10,5 @@ -<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>つま楊枝</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2012-03-21 22:16:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-03-21 16:15:39 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ja:WP http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/爪楊枝 3,950,000 爪楊枝 53,800 妻楊枝
	Comments:	Add spelling 妻楊枝 – saw on chopsticks today. Marked as [iK] b/c: * it’s not in any dictionary I checked, and * seems an obvious corruption/misspelling (つま being an unfamiliar reading for 爪, which is usually つめ, and 妻 is the only familiar character with reading つま; etymology is obviously 爪 = nail, pick, not 妻 = wife) * also, 妻楊枝 is much less frequent FWIW, the (Japanese) shop-owner averred that he’d never noticed, and thought 妻楊枝 was the usual spelling, so this seems an easily missed point.
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +7,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>妻楊枝</keb> +<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1442710 Active (id: 2207513)
澱粉；でん粉；殿粉 [rK]
【でんぷん；デンプン (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ starch

History:

10.	A 2022-09-05 23:10:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2022-09-05 22:27:09 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ でん粉　 │ 97,626 │ 19.0% │ │ デン粉　 │ 184 │ 0.0% │ │ 澱粉　　 │ 146,683 │ 28.5% │ │ 殿粉　　 │ 276 │ 0.1% │ 🡠 rK (only shinmeikai) │ でんぷん │ 155,900 │ 30.3% │ │ デンプン │ 114,315 │ 22.2% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Reordering
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>澱粉</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8,3 +10,0 @@ -<keb>澱粉</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
8.	A 2018-09-09 21:24:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2018-09-09 20:11:22 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: でんぷん 155900 デンプン 114315 でん粉 97626 澱粉 146683 殿粉 276
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
6.	A 2014-12-22 09:18:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A* 2014-12-21 01:23:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	shinmeikai: でんぷん【〈澱粉･殿粉】｢殿｣は、代用字。
	Comments:	not food, just the substance in general sorted by ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>でん粉</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8 +11 @@ -<keb>でん粉</keb> +<keb>殿粉</keb> @@ -19,3 +22 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1267400">糊・のり</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1267400">糊・のり・1</xref> -<gloss>(food) starch</gloss> +<gloss>starch</gloss>
4.	A 2012-04-30 07:04:46 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2012-04-29 06:55:10 Marcus
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/デンプ� %B3
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>デンプン</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>
2.	A 2012-04-22 11:55:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This should do
	Diff:	@@ -15,1 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>starch (food starch, not clothing starch)</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1267400">糊・のり</xref> +<gloss>(food) starch</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-04-21 15:35:38 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	糊 and 澱粉 in various dicts
	Comments:	Specify food starch; clothing starch is 糊 I got very funny looks when I said that I wore shirts laundered with 澱粉 and was corrected to 糊
	Diff:	@@ -15,1 +15,1 @@ -<gloss>starch</gloss> +<gloss>starch (food starch, not clothing starch)</gloss>

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jmdict 1460310 Active (id: 2207574)
南行
【なんこう】

1.

[n,vs,adj-no]
▶ going south
▶ heading southward

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2022-09-06 03:54:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reverting after the split.
	Diff:	@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>南行き</keb> -</k_ele> @@ -11,3 +7,0 @@ -<reb>みなみゆき</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -15 +8,0 @@ -<re_restr>南行</re_restr>
3.	A* 2022-09-05 05:21:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	南行きする 0 南行きして 0 南行する 183 南行して 190
	Comments:	みなみゆき will need to be a separate entry. It's not vs whereas なんこう is. southbound is not a noun.
	Diff:	@@ -23 +22,0 @@ -<gloss>southbound</gloss>
2.	A* 2022-09-04 12:24:50 Nicolas Maia
	Comments:	南行き 12422 南行 9692 南行きの 1962
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>南行き</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -7,0 +11,3 @@ +<reb>みなみゆき</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +15 @@ +<re_restr>南行</re_restr> @@ -12,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -14,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>southbound</gloss>
1.	A 2018-10-24 11:27:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning with 東-, 西-
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>southbound</gloss> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>going south</gloss> +<gloss>heading southward</gloss>

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jmdict 1485250 Active (id: 2207469)
飛び越える [news2,nf47] ；跳び越える [rK] ；飛越える [sK]
【とびこえる [news2,nf47] 】

1.	[v1,vt] ▶ to jump over ▶ to leap over ▶ to clear
2.	[v1,vt] ▶ to fly over ▶ to fly across
3.	[v1,vt] ▶ to jump ahead (of someone) ▶ to skip over ▶ to leapfrog

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2022-09-05 00:39:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	19 sentences, 1 for sense 2. Reindexed.
3.	A* 2022-09-04 22:34:11 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Splitting into senses. The kokugos only have two but I think this is clearer.
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26 @@ +<gloss>to leap over</gloss> @@ -27 +28,13 @@ -<gloss>to walk over (someone)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to fly over</gloss> +<gloss>to fly across</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to jump ahead (of someone)</gloss> +<gloss>to skip over</gloss> +<gloss>to leapfrog</gloss>
2.	A 2022-09-03 21:20:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-03 21:15:10 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 飛び越え │ 239,276 │ 97.1% │ │ 跳び越え │ 6,471 │ 2.6% │ 🡠 rK (daijr/s) │ 飛越え　 │ 633 │ 0.3% │ 🡠 adding (daijr/s) │ 跳越え　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ とびこえ │ 3,700 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11,5 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>飛越える</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1494650 Active (id: 2207501)
不評判
【ふひょうばん】

1.

[n,adj-na]
▶ bad reputation
▶ poor reception
▶ unpopularity
▶ disrepute

History:

1.	A 2022-09-05 22:02:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Aligning with 不評.
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -12 +12,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>disgrace</gloss> +<gloss>poor reception</gloss> @@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>disrepute</gloss>

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jmdict 1500090 Active (id: 2207523)
風鈴 [ichi1,news2,nf34] ；風りん [sK]
【ふうりん [ichi1,news2,nf34] 】

1.

[n]
▶ wind chime
▶ wind bell

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2256830 鐸【たく】 2. large wind bell

History:

2.	A 2022-09-05 23:28:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 23:24:53 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 風鈴　　 │ 496,783 │ 98.4% │ │ 風りん　 │ 8,185 │ 1.6% │ 🡠 sK │ ふうりん │ 42,872 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1604120 Active (id: 2207661)
松かさ；松笠；松毬；松傘 [rK]
【まつかさ】

1.

[n]
▶ pinecone
▶ pine cone

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2856214 松ぼっくり【まつぼっくり】 1. pinecone; pine cone
	⇐ see: 2735950 毬【かさ】 1. cone (e.g. pine, hemlock)
	⇐ see: 2830951 ちんちろりん 3. pine cone

History:

8.	A 2022-09-06 19:50:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	RP jwiki: 松傘、松笠とも書き松傘 329
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>松傘</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
7.	A 2022-09-05 23:04:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	松かさ 15199 松笠 8748 松毬 2398
	Comments:	Done
	Diff:	@@ -13,6 +12,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>松ぼっくり</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>松陰嚢</keb> -</k_ele> @@ -21,25 +14,0 @@ -<re_restr>松かさ</re_restr> -<re_restr>松笠</re_restr> -<re_restr>松毬</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>まつぼっくり</reb> -<re_restr>松毬</re_restr> -<re_restr>松ぼっくり</re_restr> -<re_restr>松陰嚢</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>まつぼくり</reb> -<re_restr>松毬</re_restr> -<re_restr>松陰嚢</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>まつふぐり</reb> -<re_restr>松毬</re_restr> -<re_restr>松陰嚢</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>まつぽっくり</reb> -<re_restr>松毬</re_restr> -<re_restr>松陰嚢</re_restr> -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
6.	A* 2022-09-05 19:12:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This is very messy. I think まつぼっくり/まつぼくり/まつふぐり/まつぽっくり should be split out into a separate entry.
5.	A 2018-04-15 01:33:57 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2018-04-14 10:13:23 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	At the very least I think it needs to be marked as [ik].
	Diff:	@@ -32,4 +31,0 @@ -<reb>まつぽっくり</reb> -<re_restr>松毬</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -44,0 +41,6 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>まつぽっくり</reb> +<re_restr>松毬</re_restr> +<re_restr>松陰嚢</re_restr> +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +</r_ele>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A 2018-04-14 07:32:19 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Some evidence for pokkuri online, eg https://blog.goo.ne.jp/mokohotaru/e/a91202c4da b34cbf399678a892dd402c
2.	A 2018-04-14 06:44:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-04-04 16:51:22 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj
	Comments:	Added kanji form. I can't find a source for the "まつぽっくり" reading. Can we drop it?
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>松陰嚢</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -25,0 +29 @@ +<re_restr>松陰嚢</re_restr> @@ -33,0 +38 @@ +<re_restr>松陰嚢</re_restr> @@ -37,0 +43 @@ +<re_restr>松陰嚢</re_restr>

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jmdict 1694310 Active (id: 2207466)
お陀仏；御陀仏
【おだぶつ】

1.	[n] [col] ▶ dying ▶ kicking the bucket
2.	[n] [col] ▶ being ruined ▶ being finished ▶ ending in failure

History:

4.	A 2022-09-05 00:31:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-09-04 22:24:46 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Splitting into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17,8 @@ -<gloss>ruining oneself</gloss> +<gloss>kicking the bucket</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<gloss>being ruined</gloss> +<gloss>being finished</gloss> +<gloss>ending in failure</gloss>
2.	A 2022-09-03 21:15:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-03 19:48:23 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Seems to be colloquial. shinmeikai 5e: 口頭語的表現 shinmeikai 7e: やや俗語的な婉曲表現 obunsha and meikyo: 〔俗〕 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 御陀仏　 │ 2,630 │ 11.0% │ │ お陀仏　 │ 17,644 │ 73.7% │ │ おだぶつ │ 3,674 │ 15.3% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Reordering
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>御陀仏</keb> +<keb>お陀仏</keb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>お陀仏</keb> +<keb>御陀仏</keb> @@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<misc>&col;</misc>

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jmdict 1783650 Active (id: 2207497)
球果；毬果
【きゅうか】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ cone
▶ strobile
▶ strobilus

History:

2.	A 2022-09-05 21:26:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 13:25:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, koj 毬果 923 球果 9096
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>球果</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -12 +15,4 @@ -<gloss>(pine) cone</gloss> +<field>&bot;</field> +<gloss>cone</gloss> +<gloss>strobile</gloss> +<gloss>strobilus</gloss>

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jmdict 1954030 Active (id: 2207476)
どてっ腹；土手っ腹；ドテッ腹
【どてっぱら】

1.

[n]
▶ guts
▶ abdomen
▶ belly

History:

2.	A 2022-09-05 05:23:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@ +<gloss>abdomen</gloss> +<gloss>belly</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 05:14:19 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ どてっ腹　 │ 1,463 │ 33.7% │ 🡠 adding │ 土手っ腹　 │ 1,144 │ 26.4% │ │ ドテッ腹　 │ 893 │ 20.6% │ 🡠 adding │ どてっぱら │ 838 │ 19.3% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@ +<keb>どてっ腹</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -5,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>ドテッ腹</keb>

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jmdict 2010800 Active (id: 2207468)
撃ち抜く
【うちぬく】

1.

[v5k,vt]
▶ to shoot through (a door, the heart, etc.)
▶ to go through

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2022-09-05 00:33:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-09-04 22:20:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, luminous, daij
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>to shoot out (lights, window, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to shoot through (a door, the heart, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to go through</gloss>
2.	A 2022-09-03 21:32:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-03 21:24:01 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 2011350 Active (id: 2209071)
少子化
【しょうしか】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ declining birth rates
▶ decrease in the number of children

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2654240 少子高齢化【しょうしこうれいか】 1. decreasing birthrate and aging population; aging population combined with a diminishing number of children

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2022-09-20 01:46:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Probably harmless.
3.	A* 2022-09-19 15:12:33 Opencooper
	Refs:	Appended G n-grams: 少子化　　　 1,095,820 少子化は　　 28,961 少子化が　　 74,941 少子化な　　 7,834 少子化の　　 147,141 少子化たる　 0 少子化と　　 35,644 少子化さ　　 100 少子化に　　 50,834 少子化を　　 37,818 少子化する　 1,317 少子化して　 676 少子化しない 63 少子化します 0
	Comments:	Shinmeikai does have this as [vs], but the other kokugos don't, and it doesn't seem like the n-grams support it much either.
2.	A 2022-09-05 22:54:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 21:49:20 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	shinmeikai 7e
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 2086960 Active (id: 2208044)

って [spec1] ；て [spec1]

1.

[prt]
《casual quoting particle》
▶ you said
▶ he said
▶ she said
▶ they said

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1008490 と 4. used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
	⇐ see: 2717510 ってのは 1. means; is; as for

2.

[prt]
《after a verb in the past tense》
▶ even if

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2643980 たって 1. even if; even though

3.

[prt]
《as in かって; indicates a satirical or rhetorical question》
▶ do you seriously think that

4.

[prt]
《indicates certainty, insistence, emphasis, etc.》
▶ I already told you
▶ you should know by now that
▶ of course

5.

[prt]
《abbr. of という》
▶ the said ...
▶ said ...

6.

[prt]
《abbr. of と言っている》
▶ says that ...

7.

[prt]
《abbr. of と聞いている》
▶ I hear that ...

8.

[prt]
《abbr. of とは, というのは》
▶ as for the term ...

9.

[prt]
《equiv. of は topic marker》
▶ as for ...

History:

32.	A 2022-09-09 06:47:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
31.	A* 2022-09-07 08:45:22 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I really don't think we can expect our users to understand that "as たって" (or "as ～たって") is supposed to refer to a verb in the past tense +って. I think we should be explicit. Also, I think we should get rid of the たって entry, even if it's in the kokugos. I don't think it makes sense in a wa-ei dictionary. I'd much rather we covered that use here. I don't think anybody encountering [past tense verb]+って is likely to arrive at that entry rather than this one. __ I think "indicates supposition" was a bad take (it was mine).
	Diff:	@@ -24,2 +24,2 @@ -<s_inf>as in たって, etc.; indicates supposition</s_inf> -<gloss>if ... then</gloss> +<s_inf>after a verb in the past tense</s_inf> +<gloss>even if</gloss>
30.	A* 2022-09-06 00:17:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Emphasizing that たって is an example of this use of って. Does this work for you? Feel free to amend.
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<s_inf>as たって; indicates supposition</s_inf> +<s_inf>as in たって, etc.; indicates supposition</s_inf> @@ -29 +29 @@ -<s_inf>as かって; indicates a satirical or rhetorical question</s_inf> +<s_inf>as in かって; indicates a satirical or rhetorical question</s_inf>
29.	A* 2022-09-05 09:56:11 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	sense 2 "as たって" seems to miss the mark to me. it's not たって its past tense verb +って.
28.	A 2020-10-14 01:42:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. I'll put it back and reference the たって entry.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,6 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2643980">たって・1</xref> +<s_inf>as たって; indicates supposition</s_inf> +<gloss>if ... then</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos>
(show/hide 27 older log entries)
27.	A* 2020-10-13 10:55:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Nicholas is right in that Daijisen and Daijirin don't include this in their って entries, but instead have separate たって entries. We do have a たって entry for this usage likewise. Still, I think it'd be fine to keep that sense here while keeping the たって entry as well - I think it'd be helpful not least because I don't think somebody trying to figure out what this use of って means would be very likely to find their way to the たって entry.
26.	A* 2020-10-13 10:44:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Marcus, this edit removes a sense you added in 2012. I notice that both your examples do have たって, and it seems to be coing from 経って. MeCab says たっ + て. Do you have a view on the proposal? I'm rather neutral - it's up the front for historical reasons.
25.	A* 2020-10-09 04:13:05 Nicholas Patella <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Examples from the same sense in Daijirin 4.0: "どうするかって、ぼくにも名案はないよ" "早く行けって、それは無理だよ"
	Comments:	Regarding the "if ... then" sense. The examples given in the refs when this sense was added contain たって, not って. They're unrelated to the topical/quotational って. There's already an entry for たって. The DJR definition given is describing the case where you raise the other person's speech as the topic and make a statement regarding it. I don't know if this needs to be explicitly defined separately from the topical/quotational usage of って. The best I could come up with is "..., you say? (used to call something someone said into question and make a statement regarding it)".
	Diff:	@@ -20,5 +19,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&prt;</pos> -<s_inf>indicates supposition</s_inf> -<gloss>if ... then</gloss>
24.	A 2019-07-19 22:48:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://grammarist.com/usage/said/
	Comments:	Actually "the said ..." was intended. Both can be found.
	Diff:	@@ -40,0 +41 @@ +<gloss>the said ...</gloss>
23.	A* 2019-07-19 10:14:04 Hiroshi Oliver <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Fixed a small grammatical issue.
	Diff:	@@ -41 +41 @@ -<gloss>the said ...</gloss> +<gloss>said ...</gloss>
22.	A 2018-03-07 03:48:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
21.	A* 2018-03-04 18:58:07 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Moved usage notes into [note]s. Was then forced to add glosses to sense 1, 3 and 4. Added "satirical" to sense 3 for clarification (「こんなまずいもの食えるかって」) _ This entry is also a great example why I think we should allow for senses with only notes for glosses. (sorry for beating a dead horse)
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16,5 @@ -<gloss>casual quoting particle</gloss> +<s_inf>casual quoting particle</s_inf> +<gloss>you said</gloss> +<gloss>he said</gloss> +<gloss>she said</gloss> +<gloss>they said</gloss> @@ -20 +24 @@ -<gloss>indicates supposition</gloss> +<s_inf>indicates supposition</s_inf> @@ -25,2 +29,2 @@ -<s_inf>as かって</s_inf> -<gloss>indicates a rhetorical question</gloss> +<s_inf>as かって; indicates a satirical or rhetorical question</s_inf> +<gloss>do you seriously think that</gloss> @@ -30 +34,4 @@ -<gloss>indicates certainty, insistence, emphasis, etc.</gloss> +<s_inf>indicates certainty, insistence, emphasis, etc.</s_inf> +<gloss>I already told you</gloss> +<gloss>you should know by now that</gloss> +<gloss>of course</gloss>
20.	A 2017-11-13 07:35:43 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
19.	A* 2017-10-11 04:15:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reopening, with a few small edits.
	Diff:	@@ -29 +29 @@ -<gloss>indicates certainty, insistence, emphasis etc.</gloss> +<gloss>indicates certainty, insistence, emphasis, etc.</gloss> @@ -34 +34 @@ -<gloss>someone named...</gloss> +<gloss>the said ...</gloss> @@ -39 +39 @@ -<gloss>says that...</gloss> +<gloss>says that ...</gloss> @@ -44 +44 @@ -<gloss>I hear that...</gloss> +<gloss>I hear that ...</gloss> @@ -49,2 +49 @@ -<gloss>points to a term being defined</gloss> -<gloss>means</gloss> +<gloss>as for the term ...</gloss> @@ -54,2 +53,2 @@ -<s_inf>equiv. of は</s_inf> -<gloss>as for (topic marker)</gloss> +<s_inf>equiv. of は topic marker</s_inf> +<gloss>as for ...</gloss>
18.	A 2017-10-11 04:00:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5
	Comments:	I don't mind the additional senses (GG5 has 8) but I don't think they should go in front of the ones that were there already. Editing for style and consistency. I'll approve this, then reopen for a while.
	Diff:	@@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<s_inf>abbr. for と and other similar combinations</s_inf> @@ -17,27 +15,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&prt;</pos> -<s_inf>abbr. for という</s_inf> -<gloss>someone named...</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&prt;</pos> -<s_inf>abbr. for と言っている</s_inf> -<gloss>says that...</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&prt;</pos> -<s_inf>abbr. for と聞いている</s_inf> -<gloss>I hear that...</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&prt;</pos> -<s_inf>abbr. for とは、というのは</s_inf> -<gloss>points to a term being defined</gloss> -<gloss>means</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&prt;</pos> -<s_inf>same as は particle</s_inf> -<gloss>as for X</gloss> -<gloss>topic marker</gloss> @@ -58,0 +31,26 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>abbr. of という</s_inf> +<gloss>someone named...</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>abbr. of と言っている</s_inf> +<gloss>says that...</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>abbr. of と聞いている</s_inf> +<gloss>I hear that...</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>abbr. of とは, というのは</s_inf> +<gloss>points to a term being defined</gloss> +<gloss>means</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>equiv. of は</s_inf> +<gloss>as for (topic marker)</gloss> +</sense>
17.	A* 2017-09-09 14:42:43 Scott
	Refs:	gg5 koj daij
	Comments:	It's a start.
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<s_inf>abbr. for と, というのは and other similar combinations</s_inf> +<s_inf>abbr. for と and other similar combinations</s_inf> @@ -16,0 +17,27 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>abbr. for という</s_inf> +<gloss>someone named...</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>abbr. for と言っている</s_inf> +<gloss>says that...</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>abbr. for と聞いている</s_inf> +<gloss>I hear that...</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>abbr. for とは、というのは</s_inf> +<gloss>points to a term being defined</gloss> +<gloss>means</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>same as は particle</s_inf> +<gloss>as for X</gloss> +<gloss>topic marker</gloss> @@ -30 +57 @@ -<gloss>indicates certainty, insistence, etc.</gloss> +<gloss>indicates certainty, insistence, emphasis etc.</gloss>
16.	A 2013-11-02 06:18:29 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
15.	A* 2013-11-01 05:50:39 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	I based it on daijs "３（「かって」の形で）反語の意を表す。「こんなまずいもの食えるか―」「だれが言うことを聞くか―」" but irony was probably a poor translation for "反語", maybe this is better?
	Diff:	@@ -26,1 +26,1 @@ -<gloss>indicates irony</gloss> +<gloss>indicates a rhetorical question</gloss>
14.	A* 2013-10-28 21:47:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'd struggle to come up with one. I see Daijisen has "こんなまずいもの食えるか", which is more commonly seen as "こんなまずいもん食えるか" - from the examples around of that passage it's anything but ironical.
13.	A* 2013-10-28 10:03:24 Konstantin Gundev <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Please add an example of って illustrating [3][prt] [as かって] indicates irony. I could not find one anywhere. Thank you very much.
12.	A 2012-11-12 06:36:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11.	A* 2012-11-12 04:54:14 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: "３（「かって」の形で）反語の意を表す。「こんなまずいもの食えるか―」「だれが言うことを聞くか―」４自分の気持ちを主張する意を表す。「そんなこと知ってる―」「わかってるよ、もう言うな―」→たって〔接助〕"
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +23,9 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>as かって</s_inf> +<gloss>indicates irony</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<gloss>indicates certainty, insistence, etc.</gloss> +</sense>
10.	A* 2012-11-10 01:08:12
	Comments:	Hi, I understand that って can also be a sentence-final particle with a similar meaning to よ.
9.	A 2012-10-22 06:57:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2012-10-22 01:50:54 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	eij: "「どうして先生に抗議しないの？」「そんなことしたって内申書にキズがつくだけだよ」 Why don't you protest against the teacher?" "It will only leave a black mark on my record." "おい、怒鳴るのはやめろよ！そんなことしたって、この子は泣き止まないぞ。 Hey, don't yell at him. That won't make him stop crying."
	Comments:	Well spotted. I've preliminarily copied the gloss from the - ば entry, though the usage seems a lot more restricted. Daijs doesn't gloss it as a conditional but like some kind of a topic marker: ”２相手の質問・命令・依頼などを受けて、それを話題として示す意を表す。…と言われても。「今さら変更する―、急に困るね」「どうするか―、決まってるだろ」” Daij also have quite a few more senses (7 in daijr, 8 in daijs).
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +18,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<gloss>indicates supposition</gloss> +<gloss>if ... then</gloss> +</sense>
7.	A* 2012-10-22 01:21:01
	Comments:	Hi, my understanding is that in certain contexts ～って can signify a conditional.
6.	A 2012-07-23 06:03:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Makino & Tsutsui DBJG P 510.
	Comments:	Since Makino & Tsutsui say it's simply a colloquial version of と, it's probably best to reference that.
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,2 @@ -<s_inf>abbr for というのは and other similar combinations</s_inf> +<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・4</xref> +<s_inf>abbr. for と, というのは and other similar combinations</s_inf>
5.	A* 2012-07-21 10:08:52 Francis
	Comments:	No change to the above. It may help to have a cross-link with the following in order to obviate the need for a fresh search to find what the main entry is short for, i.e., [note="abbr for というのは]:- ってのは (exp) (See って) means; is; as for Also, with regard to the note "and other similar combinations", I am wondering whether that loose comment can be firmed up with proper links.
4.	A 2012-05-27 05:22:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	No comment, so I'll close this off, and add it to というのは.
3.	A* 2012-05-25 02:04:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm quite comfortable adding ってのは to the dictionary, but I suspect it should be added to the と言うのは entry rather than here. I've been looking through the usage of ってのは and というのは in the examples in GG5 (there are quite a few of each), and I'm starting to suspect there is a different nuance with ってのは.
2.	A* 2012-05-24 17:53:22 Francis
	Comments:	I did not want to amend the above, but often in text [as demonstrated by the mass of results on Google] "ってのは" is used in much the same way as the above and, in context, equals "というのは". Your [A] references also show quite a few examples. Could "ってのは" be included in this entry to assist the searcher? One piece of text which I was reading was "一人っきりってのは". Helpfully, you have the first part [一人っきり], but not the last part. If I am in the wrong road on this one, then a correct entry would be very helpful.
1.	A 2006-07-09 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2100600 Active (id: 2208121)
尾ける
【つける】

1.

[v1,vt]
▶ to follow (someone)
▶ to shadow
▶ to tail
▶ to stalk

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1495770 付ける 9. to follow (someone); to shadow; to tail; to stalk

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2022-09-09 23:42:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-09-09 21:27:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The note implied that 尾ける and 付ける are separate words. I think it should be dropped.
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13,4 @@ -<s_inf>from 尾行する and 付ける</s_inf> -<gloss>to put a tail on someone</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1495770">付ける・9</xref> +<gloss>to follow (someone)</gloss> +<gloss>to shadow</gloss> +<gloss>to tail</gloss>
3.	A 2022-09-05 05:25:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Indeed.
2.	A* 2022-09-05 05:10:43 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"spy hunting" seems very context dependent
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -13 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>to hunt a spy</gloss>
1.	A 2006-09-06 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2233460 Active (id: 2207517)
バツが悪い；ばつが悪い；罰が悪い [sK]
【ばつがわるい】

1.

[exp,adj-i]
▶ awkward
▶ uncomfortable
▶ embarrassing

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2238320 バツの悪い 1. awkward; uncomfortable; embarrassing
	⇐ see: 2233450 ばつ 1. one's circumstances or condition, esp. compared to that of another

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2022-09-05 23:13:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-09-05 21:54:01 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ ばつが悪い　 │ 4,993 │ 33.2% │ │ バツが悪い　 │ 9,375 │ 62.4% │ │ 罰が悪い　　 │ 307 │ 2.0% │ 🡠 adding (meikyo:「罰が悪い」と書くのは誤り。) │ 罰がわるい　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ ばつがわるい │ 145 │ 1.0% │ │ バツがわるい │ 216 │ 1.4% │ 🡠 dropping restrictions ╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>バツが悪い</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8 +11,2 @@ -<keb>バツが悪い</keb> +<keb>罰が悪い</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -12,5 +15,0 @@ -<re_restr>ばつが悪い</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>バツがわるい</reb> -<re_restr>バツが悪い</re_restr>
3.	A 2011-02-15 04:17:24 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2011-02-14 23:32:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	There are cases of this being inflected, e.g. "ばつがわるそうにいった".
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +20,1 @@ +<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
1.	A 2007-11-18 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2856185 Deleted (id: 2207521)
斬釘截鉄；斬釘載鉄
【ざんていせってつ】

1.

[n,adj-na] [yoji]
▶ resolute

History:

3.	D 2022-09-05 23:16:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Drop it.
2.	A* 2022-09-01 20:34:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	斬釘截鉄 0 斬釘載鉄 0 ざんていせってつ 0 Wiktionary, Buddhdic "斬釘截鐵【ざんていせってつ】 to cut through nails and steel"
	Comments:	I doubt this is worth adding. The three different two-kanji compounds are in unidic, but not in kokugos. It seems to be Chinese.
1.	A* 2022-08-31 07:13:03 Furretar <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/斬釘截鉄/

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jmdict 2856186 Active (id: 2207508)
共同使用駅
【きょうどうしようえき】

1.

[n] {railway}
▶ union station
▶ joint station

History:

4.	A 2022-09-05 22:48:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think links to hypernyms can be useful.
3.	A* 2022-09-05 19:15:42 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wiki: A union station (also known as a union terminal, a joint station in Europe, and a joint-use station in Japan
	Comments:	I don't think the x-ref is needed.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2856188">共同使用</xref> +<field>&rail;</field> @@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>joint-use station</gloss> +<gloss>joint station</gloss>
2.	A 2022-09-01 01:53:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2856188">共同使用</xref>
1.	A* 2022-08-31 11:24:22 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://www.mintetsu.or.jp/knowledge/term/16358.html https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/共同使用駅 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_station
	Comments:	共同使用駅 1066

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jmdict 2856188 Active (id: 2207467)
共同使用
【きょうどうしよう】

1.

[n,vs,adj-no]
▶ joint use
▶ communal use

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2022-09-05 00:32:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2022-09-04 22:43:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	use-in-common 104
	Comments:	I'm not familiar with the term "use-in-common" (and it doesn't appear to be common). I think this is sufficient.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>use-in-common</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-09-01 01:52:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Lawdic, etc. 共同使用 21098

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jmdict 2856193 Active (id: 2207470)
鉤状；鉤形；鉤なり [sK] ；鈎なり [sK]
【かぎなり】

1.

[adj-no,n]
▶ hooklike
▶ hook-shaped
▶ unciform

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2842084 鉤状【こうじょう】 1. hooklike; hook-shaped; unciform

History:

2.	A 2022-09-05 00:40:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Quiet.
1.	A* 2022-09-01 07:14:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Koj, Daijr/s, etc.
	Comments:	Split from 2842084. Leaving open for a bit.

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jmdict 2856208 Active (id: 2276333)
垂れ乳；タレ乳；たれ乳
【たれちち】

1.

[n]
▶ saggy breasts
▶ drooping breasts

History:

6.	A 2023-09-04 23:02:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	垂れ乳 6441 87.3% タレ乳 511 6.9% たれ乳 425 5.8%
	Comments:	I see WWW pages using たれ乳. I'd keep it visible.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5.	A* 2023-09-04 22:56:14
	Refs:	タレ乳 511
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<keb>タレ乳</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -8,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2023-09-04 22:38:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think adding a slangy gloss to an entry like this helps.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<gloss>sagging boobs</gloss>
3.	A* 2023-09-04 19:00:46
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>sagging boobs</gloss>
2.	A 2022-09-05 05:32:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	垂れ乳 6441 たれ乳 425 たれちち 69
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2022-09-04 12:21:50 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://www.weblio.jp/content/垂れ乳 https://www.kyoritsu-biyo.com/column/bust/dripping/ https://angellir.jp/mibunnrui/content1044/

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jmdict 2856209 Active (id: 2207488)
正義マン
【せいぎマン】

1.

[n] [net-sl,derog]
▶ self-righteous person
▶ self-proclaimed rule enforcer

History:

2.	A 2022-09-05 10:07:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 05:33:22 Opencooper
	Refs:	* chiezo: https://kotobank.jp/word/正義マン-2127646 * https://www.tutitatu.com/「正義マン」の使い方や意味、例文や類義語を徹/ * nico nico: https://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/正義マン
	Comments:	I think the closest analog in English would be "social justice warrior".

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jmdict 2856210 Active (id: 2207573)
南行き
【みなみゆき；みなみいき】

1.

[n,adj-no]
▶ going south
▶ heading southward

History:

2.	A 2022-09-06 03:53:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Noun glosses.
	Diff:	@@ -16,2 +16,2 @@ -<gloss>southbound</gloss> -<gloss>southward</gloss> +<gloss>going south</gloss> +<gloss>heading southward</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 06:19:03 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=南行 https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1423760604
	Comments:	南行き 12422 南行きの 1962

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jmdict 2856211 Active (id: 2207593)
麻婆丼；マーボー丼
【マーボーどん】

1.

[n] {food, cooking} Source lang: chi(partial) "mápó"
▶ mapo donburi
▶ bowl of rice topped with mapo tofu

History:

3.	A 2022-09-06 05:35:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>mapo tofu served over a bowl of rice</gloss> +<gloss>bowl of rice topped with mapo tofu</gloss>
2.	A* 2022-09-05 15:44:38 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapo_tofu
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<lsource xml:lang="chi" ls_type="part">mápó</lsource> @@ -16,0 +18 @@ +<gloss>mapo tofu served over a bowl of rice</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 13:10:57 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://www.reddit.com/r/newsokunomoral/comments/x65t84/クソスレ昼の麻婆丼花椒全然入ってないタイプ/
	Comments:	麻婆丼 15421 マーボー丼 13282

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jmdict 2856212 Active (id: 2225880)
グループＬＩＮＥ
【グループライン；グループ・ライン】

1.

[n]
▶ group chat (in the IM application LINE)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2839119 ＬＩＮＥ 1. LINE (instant messaging software)

History:

4.	A 2023-03-20 22:03:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-03-20 20:38:31 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	As "LINE" is a brand name, I don't think this needs a lsrc tag. I don't think it's uk. "グループLINE" appears to be the most common form on Twitter.
	Diff:	@@ -16,2 +15,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<lsource xml:lang="eng">group LINE</lsource>
2.	A 2022-09-05 23:13:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 22:02:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	billions of tweets
	Comments:	Kind of non-obvious, I feel? And since LINE is so ubiquitous...

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jmdict 2856213 Active (id: 2209080)
砂ふるい；砂篩
【すなふるい】

1.

[n]
▶ sand sieve

History:

4.	A 2022-09-20 01:56:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-09-19 15:29:59 Opencooper
	Refs:	G n-grams: 砂ふるい　 418 100.0% 砂篩　　　 0 0.0% すなふるい 0 0.0%
	Comments:	Only in gg5.
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>砂ふるい</keb> +</k_ele>
2.	A 2022-09-05 23:14:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 22:05:23 Alex Lasto <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	研究社　新和英大辞典　第５版

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jmdict 2856214 Active (id: 2207660)
松ぼっくり；松毬；松陰嚢
【まつぼっくり；まつぼくり (松毬, 松陰嚢)；まつふぐり (松毬, 松陰嚢)；まつぽっくり (松毬, 松陰嚢) [ik] 】

1.

[n]
▶ pinecone
▶ pine cone

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1604120 松かさ 1. pinecone; pine cone

History:

3.	A 2022-09-06 19:48:23 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -33,0 +34 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1604120">松かさ</xref>
2.	A 2022-09-06 00:59:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Something odd happened.
1.	A 2022-09-05 23:08:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	松毬 2398 松ぼっくり 89802 松陰嚢 53
	Comments:	Split from 1604120.

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jmnedict 5102084 Deleted (id: 2207490)
阿保親王墓
【あおしんのうはか】

1.

[place]
▶ Aoshinnou (grave)

History:

1.	D 2022-09-05 12:21:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Duplicate with incorrect reading.

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jmnedict 5221988 Active (id: 2207510)
恭兵
【きょうへい】

1.

[male]
▶ Kyōhei

History:

3.	A 2022-09-05 22:54:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not many female names end with 兵.
2.	A* 2022-09-05 16:53:39
	Comments:	Kyōhei is almost always a male name, not a female name.
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<misc>&fem;</misc> +<misc>&male;</misc>
1.	A 2021-08-09 05:12:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Kyou to Kyō conversion -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Kyouhei</gloss> +<gloss>Kyōhei</gloss>

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jmnedict 5745089 Active (id: 2207477)
隼汰
【はやた】

1.

[male]
▶ Hayata

History:

2.	A 2022-09-05 05:24:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 05:03:06
	Refs:	https://vgmdb.net/artist/50852

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jmnedict 5745090 Active (id: 2207489)
尹錫悦
【ユンソギョル；ユンソンニョル】

1.

[person]
▶ Yoon Suk-yeol (1960.12.18 - ) (South Korean president)

History:

2.	A 2022-09-05 10:10:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-09-05 08:47:13 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	wiki

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JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

1.	[n] ▶ the point just before ... ▶ the point of (doing) ▶ the verge (of) ▶ the eve (of)
2.	[n] ▶ (just before the) edge

8.	A 2022-10-01 03:17:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I prefer it the way Robin put it a few weeks back. That プログレッシブ reference doesn't justify the edit.
	Diff:	@@ -22,4 +22,4 @@ -<gloss>just before</gloss> -<gloss>on the verge of</gloss> -<gloss>on the brink of</gloss> -<gloss>on the eve of</gloss> +<gloss>the point just before ...</gloss> +<gloss>the point of (doing)</gloss> +<gloss>the verge (of)</gloss> +<gloss>the eve (of)</gloss>
7.	A* 2022-10-01 02:57:14 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/間際/#je-71404
	Diff:	@@ -22,4 +22,4 @@ -<gloss>the point just before ...</gloss> -<gloss>the point of (doing)</gloss> -<gloss>the verge (of)</gloss> -<gloss>the eve (of)</gloss> +<gloss>just before</gloss> +<gloss>on the verge of</gloss> +<gloss>on the brink of</gloss> +<gloss>on the eve of</gloss>
6.	A 2022-09-05 10:06:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-09-05 09:35:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, chujiten
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -22,3 +22,8 @@ -<gloss>the point just before</gloss> -<gloss>the point of doing</gloss> -<gloss>the verge of happening</gloss> +<gloss>the point just before ...</gloss> +<gloss>the point of (doing)</gloss> +<gloss>the verge (of)</gloss> +<gloss>the eve (of)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>(just before the) edge</gloss>
4.	A 2022-09-03 21:19:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2022-09-03 19:58:18 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 間際　 │ 1,026,527 │ 99.8% │ │ 真際　 │ 2,498 │ 0.2% │ 🡠 rK (daijr/s, koj, meikyo) │ まぎわ │ 18,115 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2017-10-10 22:01:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-10 21:39:36 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Following by に (or の) in all the examples I can find. It's a regular noun.
	Diff:	@@ -20,5 +20,4 @@ -<pos>&n-adv;</pos> -<pos>&n-t;</pos> -<gloss>on the verge of</gloss> -<gloss>just before</gloss> -<gloss>on the point of</gloss> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>the point just before</gloss> +<gloss>the point of doing</gloss> +<gloss>the verge of happening</gloss>

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