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jmdict 1011180 Active (id: 2204691)

ぶつかる [ichi1] ぶっつかる
1. [v5r,vi]
▶ to bump into
▶ to run into
▶ to collide with
▶ to hit
▶ to strike
2. [v5r,vi]
▶ to encounter
▶ to meet with
▶ to come upon
▶ to face
▶ to run up against
▶ to be confronted with
3. [v5r,vi]
▶ to clash (of opinions, people, etc.)
▶ to conflict
▶ to be at odds (with)
4. [v5r,vi]
▶ to clash (of events)
▶ to fall (on)
▶ to occur at the same time (as)
5. [v5r,vi]
▶ to tackle head-on (a difficulty)
▶ to confront boldly

Conjugations


History:
10. A 2022-08-18 04:18:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9. A* 2022-08-17 19:40:35 
  Refs:
daijisen (sense 4)
  Diff:
@@ -42,0 +43,6 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5r;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<gloss>to tackle head-on (a difficulty)</gloss>
+<gloss>to confront boldly</gloss>
8. A 2022-04-11 23:09:42  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
See comments on deleted 2743030.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ぶっつかる</reb>
7. A 2022-04-11 05:52:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
OK. Should consider merging ぶっつかる here.
6. A* 2022-04-09 23:59:23  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
打つかる	60
ぶつかる	465790
  Comments:
More glosses.
Daijr is the only ref with kanji for this. Can we drop it?
  Diff:
@@ -4,4 +3,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>打つかる</keb>
-<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri>
-</k_ele>
@@ -15,2 +11,2 @@
-<misc>&uk;</misc>
-<gloss>to strike against</gloss>
+<gloss>to bump into</gloss>
+<gloss>to run into</gloss>
@@ -18,2 +14,2 @@
-<gloss>to bump into</gloss>
-<gloss>to conflict</gloss>
+<gloss>to hit</gloss>
+<gloss>to strike</gloss>
@@ -25 +21,5 @@
-<gloss>to meet</gloss>
+<gloss>to meet with</gloss>
+<gloss>to come upon</gloss>
+<gloss>to face</gloss>
+<gloss>to run up against</gloss>
+<gloss>to be confronted with</gloss>
@@ -30 +30,10 @@
-<gloss>to clash</gloss>
+<gloss>to clash (of opinions, people, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to conflict</gloss>
+<gloss>to be at odds (with)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5r;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<gloss>to clash (of events)</gloss>
+<gloss>to fall (on)</gloss>
+<gloss>to occur at the same time (as)</gloss>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1019280 Active (id: 2183368)

アルコール [gai1,ichi1] アルコホル
1. [n] {chemistry}
▶ alcohol
2. [n]
▶ alcoholic drink
▶ alcohol
3. [n] [abbr]
▶ (alcohol-based) hand sanitizer
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2844759 アルコール消毒液 1. alcohol-based (hand) sanitizer



History:
11. A 2022-04-11 23:41:04  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
"アルコホル" is a good [rk] candidate.
10. A 2022-04-11 00:37:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9. A* 2022-04-09 22:06:17  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo tags sense 2 as〔俗〕but I don't think this is the sort of thing we'd typically use "col" for. The other kokugos don't describe it as colloquial.
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<field>&chem;</field>
@@ -18 +18,0 @@
-<misc>&col;</misc>
8. A 2022-04-09 02:18:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
アルコール	3728146
アルコホル	3093
  Comments:
Probably Dutch. Should be split.
7. A* 2022-04-08 05:23:40  Opencooper
  Refs:
meikyo; gg5
  Comments:
The lsrc is a bit shaky, with some refs saying Dutch, and others saying both Dutch and English.
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14,6 @@
+<gloss>alcohol</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<gloss>alcoholic drink</gloss>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 1037540 Active (id: 2183161)
加答児 [ateji,rK]
カタル [gai1]
1. [n] [uk] {medicine} Source lang: dut "catarrhe", ger "Katarrh"
▶ catarrh



History:
5. A 2022-04-09 22:06:35  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -15 +14,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
4. A 2022-04-09 20:16:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-04-09 17:34:47  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
カタル	32092
加答児	134
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2012-08-21 23:48:26  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
refers to mucus buildup, not inflammation.  in any case, no expl should be needed.
  Diff:
@@ -20,1 +20,0 @@
-<gloss g_type="expl">inflammation of the mucous membranes</gloss>
1. A* 2012-08-21 15:12:40  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 Genius daijr koj
en:WP
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catarrh
  Comments:
[fld=med]
[expl]
Saw as part of 肺尖カタル
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +15,1 @@
+<field>&med;</field>
@@ -19,0 +20,1 @@
+<gloss g_type="expl">inflammation of the mucous membranes</gloss>

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jmdict 1042500 Active (id: 2183198)
切支丹 [ateji] 吉利支丹 [ateji,rK] 切死丹 [ateji,rK] 鬼理死丹 [ateji,rK]
キリシタン [gai1]
1. [n] [uk,hist] Source lang: por "cristão"
▶ Christianity (in feudal Japan)
▶ Christian



History:
9. A 2022-04-10 14:07:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Comments:
I think we can simplify the glosses.
I can't find 鬼利死丹 in Japanese sources.
  Diff:
@@ -23,5 +22,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>鬼利死丹</keb>
-<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
@@ -37,2 +32,2 @@
-<gloss>early Japanese Christianity (from the later Muromachi period)</gloss>
-<gloss>early Japanese Christian</gloss>
+<gloss>Christianity (in feudal Japan)</gloss>
+<gloss>Christian</gloss>
8. A* 2022-04-09 17:33:13  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
キリシタン	159452
切支丹	25283
吉利支丹	1310
切死丹	47
鬼理死丹	No matches
鬼利死丹	No matches
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -14,0 +16 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -18,0 +21 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -22,0 +26 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
7. A 2021-10-11 05:45:28  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -30,0 +31 @@
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
6. A 2020-01-20 20:57:07  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj
5. A* 2020-01-20 20:00:48 
  Diff:
@@ -31 +31 @@
-<lsource xml:lang="por">cristao</lsource>
+<lsource xml:lang="por">cristão</lsource>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 1054780 Active (id: 2183097)

サーキット [gai1]
1. [n]
▶ (electric) circuit
2. [n]
▶ (racing) circuit
▶ race track
3. [n]
▶ circuit (of events or venues)



History:
4. A 2022-04-09 02:22:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-04-08 12:58:42  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, koj, meikyo
  Comments:
Added sense.
I don't think sense 2 needs a sports tag.
  Diff:
@@ -14,2 +14,6 @@
-<field>&sports;</field>
-<gloss>racing circuit</gloss>
+<gloss>(racing) circuit</gloss>
+<gloss>race track</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>circuit (of events or venues)</gloss>
2. A 2018-05-18 02:57:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<field>&sports;</field>
1. A* 2018-05-17 13:23:30 
  Refs:
大辞泉
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10,5 @@
-<gloss>circuit</gloss>
+<gloss>(electric) circuit</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>racing circuit</gloss>

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jmdict 1100880 Active (id: 2183114)

パーフェクト [gai1]
1. [adj-na,n]
▶ perfect
2. [n] [abbr] {baseball}
▶ perfect game
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1100890 パーフェクトゲーム 1. perfect game



History:
6. A 2022-04-09 11:45:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2022-04-08 11:03:21  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Shouldn't mix adjective and noun glosses.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<gloss>perfection</gloss>
@@ -16,0 +16 @@
+<field>&baseb;</field>
4. A 2018-06-06 11:19:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2018-06-06 10:56:22  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14,6 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1100890">パーフェクトゲーム</xref>
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
+<gloss>perfect game</gloss>
+</sense>
2. A 2017-03-10 00:51:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1106110 Active (id: 2279565)
天鵞絨 [ateji] 天鵝絨 [ateji,rK]
ビロード [gai2]
1. [n] [uk] Source lang: por "veludo"
▶ velvet
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1120110 ベルベット 1. velvet
  ⇐ see: 2858992 天鵞絨【てんがじゅう】 1. velvet



History:
6. A 2023-10-07 22:31:14  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
They're not ateji (in the narrow sense) for ビロード either. Rather, ビロード is a gikun. But we're not consistent on this. We don't typically use [gikun] when it's the entry's sole reading.
  Diff:
@@ -14,6 +13,0 @@
-<reb>びろうど</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>てんがじゅう</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -21 +14,0 @@
-<re_nokanji/>
@@ -26 +18,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
5. A* 2023-10-07 19:26:56  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The kanji forms aren't [ateji] for the てんがじゅう reading. Nor do the [lsrc] or [uk] tags apply to it.
Seems this entry should be split.
4. A 2022-04-09 20:17:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-04-09 17:53:23  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
天鵞絨 is 5.3% of usages
天鵝絨 is 0.4%

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
びろうど	2105
てんがじゅう	43
ビロード	121420
天鵞絨	6916
天鵝絨	522
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2018-12-14 17:54:45  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
G n-grams:
ベルベット	191619
ビロード	        121420
  Diff:
@@ -25,0 +26 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1120110">ベルベット</xref>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1119620 Active (id: 2183095)

ベター [gai1]
1. [adj-na]
▶ better
▶ preferable



History:
4. A 2022-04-09 01:47:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-04-08 11:28:13  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, meikyo
  Comments:
Not a noun.
  Diff:
@@ -10 +9,0 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
2. A 2015-02-14 22:17:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2015-02-14 03:45:26  Marcus Richert
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<gloss>preferable</gloss>

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jmdict 1385430 Active (id: 2183092)
接受
せつじゅ
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ receipt
▶ reception
▶ acceptance

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2022-04-09 01:46:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2022-04-08 15:19:01  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, wisdom
  Comments:
-> noun glosses
  Diff:
@@ -14,2 +14,3 @@
-<gloss>receive</gloss>
-<gloss>intercept</gloss>
+<gloss>receipt</gloss>
+<gloss>reception</gloss>
+<gloss>acceptance</gloss>
1. A 2021-11-18 01:06:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1519860 Active (id: 2183098)
冒頭 [ichi1,news1,nf04]
ぼうとう [ichi1,news1,nf04]
1. [n]
▶ beginning
▶ opening
▶ start
▶ outset



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 02:23:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-08 15:16:59  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog
  Diff:
@@ -17 +16,0 @@
-<pos>&adv;</pos>
@@ -19 +17,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -20,0 +19 @@
+<gloss>opening</gloss>

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jmdict 1588030 Active (id: 2183137)
浮き彫り [news1,nf05] 浮彫り浮彫浮き彫
うきぼり [news1,nf05]
1. [n,adj-no]
▶ relief
▶ embossed carving
2. [n]
▶ bringing to the fore
▶ throwing something into relief



History:
6. A 2022-04-09 16:21:17  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Even if the figurative sense is more common, we typically lead with the literal sense (unless it's very obscure or obsolete).
5. A 2022-04-09 02:33:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
All the references have this order. I think it should stay.
  Diff:
@@ -25,2 +25,3 @@
-<gloss>bringing to the fore</gloss>
-<gloss>throwing something into relief</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<gloss>relief</gloss>
+<gloss>embossed carving</gloss>
@@ -30,3 +31,2 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>relief</gloss>
-<gloss>embossed carving</gloss>
+<gloss>bringing to the fore</gloss>
+<gloss>throwing something into relief</gloss>
4. A* 2022-04-08 01:49:26  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
More often occurring in this order, methinks.
  Diff:
@@ -24,0 +25,5 @@
+<gloss>bringing to the fore</gloss>
+<gloss>throwing something into relief</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -28,5 +32,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>bringing to the fore</gloss>
-<gloss>throwing something into relief</gloss>
3. A 2011-03-15 00:48:46  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2011-03-14 22:00:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Comments:
I think this is a little clearer.
  Diff:
@@ -25,0 +25,1 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -30,1 +31,2 @@
-<gloss>relief (e.g. throwing something into)</gloss>
+<gloss>bringing to the fore</gloss>
+<gloss>throwing something into relief</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1588260 Active (id: 2291122)
打ちまくる [news2,nf46] 打ち捲る
うちまくる [news2,nf46]
1. [v5r,vt]
▶ to hit repeatedly
▶ to belt hit after hit (e.g. in baseball)
▶ to unleash a barrage of blows
▶ to pound away (at a keyboard)
▶ to hammer away
▶ to pummel

Conjugations


History:
7. A 2024-02-05 10:51:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
"pummel" is OK but a bit narrow to be close to the top of the list. "vaccine" is too narrow.
We wouldn't usually have xrefs to the components of a 複合動詞.
  Diff:
@@ -20,3 +19,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1408810">打つ・1</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1408810">打つ・5</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1257800">捲る・まくる・2</xref>
@@ -24 +20,0 @@
-<gloss>to pummel</gloss>
@@ -29 +25 @@
-<gloss>to give vaccine after vaccine</gloss>
+<gloss>to pummel</gloss>
6. A* 2024-02-05 05:30:48  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/pummel
to hit someone or something repeatedly, especially with your fists (= closed hands):
The boxer had pummelled his opponent into submission by the end of the fourth round.

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/pummel
REGIONAL NOTE:  
in AM, use pummeling, pummeled
VERB
If you pummel someone or something, you hit them many times using your fists.
He trapped Conn in a corner and pummeled him ferociously for thirty seconds. [VERB noun] 

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pummel
pummel
verb
pum·​mel ˈpə-məl 
: POUND, BEAT
  Comments:
I came here to suggest "pummel" (below).  Then I googled and saw a bunch of baseball players, and realized that "belt hit after hit" was probably a baseball reference, then I saw this vaccine thing and got incredibly confused:

「ワクチンを打って打って打ちまくるしかない」  2022.1.18  NHK
https://twitter.com/KDystopia/status/1485704549478572032
All googlable.  Not massively common or anything, but easily understandable by a Japanese person. "ワクチン" is also *optional* in context.
"ワクチンを打ちまくる" 
"ワクチンを打って打って打ちまくるしかない" 
"ワクチンを打ちまくれ"

At the end I finally get that 捲る is a generic suffix. 打ちまくる isn't even *in* sankoku, in any form.  But 捲る[2] is. This applies to *all* senses of 打つ. I see we have a bunch if ~捲る entries. Often times we do not gloss entries that are compounds like this.  Obviously it's helpful to provide more nuanced English glosses(like "pummel"), but there is also a certain argument for deleting this term entirely to fall back on 打ち + 捲る glosses, since 打つ has *so many* potential senses.

Otherwise, it seems like the proper thing to do is split this into a bunch of senses...

The problem is that having this entry here, limited to the hitting sense, masks the fact that 打ちまくる just means to 打つ repeatedly, whatever 打つ might mean.  We might be mislead to think the Japanese are aggressively pounding away at vaccines.

================

Entirely limited to "pummel"(I wrote all of this first): Am I crazy?  I feel like we have a word for "to hit repeatedly" and "to belt hit after hit" and "to unleash a barrage of blows".  But I can't find much J->E support for it anywhere.  Should we share this with the world?

I encountered 撃ちまくる, with the other kanji. But even that one could have used "pummel" I think.  Fighter calling on his mage companions to finish off a dragon by blasting it with magic. "今だ。撃ちまくれ!" "Ok, shoot it now!" or "Now! Fire!"
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1408810">打つ・5</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1257800">捲る・まくる・2</xref>
@@ -22 +24,2 @@
-<gloss>to belt hit after hit</gloss>
+<gloss>to pummel</gloss>
+<gloss>to belt hit after hit (e.g. in baseball)</gloss>
@@ -25,0 +29 @@
+<gloss>to give vaccine after vaccine</gloss>
5. A 2022-04-12 06:45:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK. I'll split it out.
  Diff:
@@ -8,3 +7,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>撃ちまくる</keb>
@@ -29,9 +25,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&v5r;</pos>
-<pos>&vt;</pos>
-<s_inf>esp. 撃ちまくる</s_inf>
-<gloss>to fire (a gun) ceaselessly</gloss>
-<gloss>to fire away</gloss>
-<gloss>to blaze away</gloss>
-<gloss>to fire volley after volley</gloss>
4. A* 2022-04-09 22:48:29  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Comments:
撃ちまくる is only used for shooting. I think it should be a separate entry.
  Diff:
@@ -23,4 +23,6 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1408810">打つ・うつ・1</xref>
-<gloss>to pound away</gloss>
-<gloss>to hit at random</gloss>
-<gloss>to hit ceaselessly</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1408810">打つ・1</xref>
+<gloss>to hit repeatedly</gloss>
+<gloss>to belt hit after hit</gloss>
+<gloss>to unleash a barrage of blows</gloss>
+<gloss>to pound away (at a keyboard)</gloss>
+<gloss>to hammer away</gloss>
@@ -31 +32,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1253570">撃つ・うつ</xref>
@@ -33 +34,3 @@
-<gloss>to blaze away (at the enemy)</gloss>
+<gloss>to fire (a gun) ceaselessly</gloss>
+<gloss>to fire away</gloss>
+<gloss>to blaze away</gloss>
3. A 2022-04-06 20:30:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Quiet. Closing.
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1614130 Active (id: 2183091)
完全試合 [news1,nf21]
かんぜんじあい [news1,nf21] かんぜんしあい
1. [n] {baseball}
▶ perfect game
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1100890 パーフェクトゲーム 1. perfect game



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 01:45:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-08 11:22:40  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daij, meikyo
  Comments:
Most refs favour じあい.
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<reb>かんぜんしあい</reb>
+<reb>かんぜんじあい</reb>
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<reb>かんぜんじあい</reb>
+<reb>かんぜんしあい</reb>
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<field>&baseb;</field>

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jmdict 1629120 Active (id: 2183100)
脂質 [news2,nf27]
ししつ [news2,nf27]
1. [n] {biochemistry}
▶ lipid



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 02:34:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-08 11:37:13  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, chujiten, wisdom, RP
  Comments:
My refs only have "lipid".
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<field>&biochem;</field>
@@ -17,2 +17,0 @@
-<gloss>fats</gloss>
-<gloss>adipose</gloss>

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jmdict 1715400 Active (id: 2183243)
かんしゃく玉癇癪玉
かんしゃくだま
1. [n]
▶ fit of anger
▶ temper
▶ rage
2. [n]
▶ bang snap



History:
2. A 2022-04-11 00:39:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-09 23:00:23  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, koj
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bang_snaps
かんしゃく玉	12141
癇癪玉	        2177
疳癪玉	        No matches
  Comments:
I don't think "firecracker" is correct.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>癇癪玉</keb>
+<keb>かんしゃく玉</keb>
@@ -8,4 +8 @@
-<keb>疳癪玉</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>かんしゃく玉</keb>
+<keb>癇癪玉</keb>
@@ -24 +21 @@
-<gloss>firecracker</gloss>
+<gloss>bang snap</gloss>

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jmdict 1806060 Active (id: 2183273)
刮目かつ目
かつもく
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ close attention
▶ (watching with) keen interest
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2833665 刮眼【かつがん】 1. close attention; (watching with) keen interest

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2022-04-11 08:17:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2022-04-09 23:07:25  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, shinmeikai
刮目	26626
かつ目	2588
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>かつ目</keb>
@@ -14 +16,0 @@
-<gloss>careful observation</gloss>
@@ -15,0 +18 @@
+<gloss>(watching with) keen interest</gloss>
1. A 2021-11-18 00:33:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1815200 Active (id: 2183093)
接受国
せつじゅこく
1. [n]
▶ receiving country
▶ receiving state
▶ host nation



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 01:46:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-08 15:32:34  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, reverso
https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195557558.001.0001/acref-9780195557558-e-2769
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lists_of_diplomatic_missions_by_receiving_country
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>recipient country</gloss>
+<gloss>receiving country</gloss>
+<gloss>receiving state</gloss>
+<gloss>host nation</gloss>

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jmdict 1927510 Active (id: 2183159)

ポシャるぽしゃる
1. [v5r,vi] [col]
▶ to fall through (of a plan, project, etc.)
▶ to fail
▶ to flop
▶ to collapse
▶ to fizzle out

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2022-04-09 21:57:19  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij, meikyo
ポシャる	4693
ぽしゃる	2252
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>to break down</gloss>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<gloss>to fall through (of a plan, project, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -15 +15,0 @@
-<gloss>to fizzle</gloss>
@@ -17,2 +17,2 @@
-<gloss>to peter out</gloss>
-<gloss>to fall flat</gloss>
+<gloss>to collapse</gloss>
+<gloss>to fizzle out</gloss>
1. A* 2022-04-08 07:57:34 
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ぽしゃる</reb>

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jmdict 2004800 Active (id: 2183142)
アイルランド語
アイルランドご
1. [n]
▶ Irish (language)
▶ Gaelic



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 20:11:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-09 16:16:05  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_language
  Comments:
I don't think anyone calls it "Erse" any more.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>Erse</gloss>
+<gloss>Gaelic</gloss>

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jmdict 2068760 Active (id: 2183245)

ウィクショナリー
1. [n]
▶ Wiktionary (wiki-based open content dictionary)



History:
8. A 2022-04-11 00:49:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ウィクショナリー	20607
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ウィクショナリー
  Comments:
Good ngram count but actual www hits are not high. I'd leave it here.
7. A* 2022-04-09 14:32:49  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think Wiktionary is widely used enough in Japan to warrant an entry in jmdict. I suggest moving it to the names dictionary.
6. A 2021-09-22 12:02:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2021-09-22 11:32:52  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think the x-ref is needed.
  Diff:
@@ -9,3 +9 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2027450">ウィキペディア</xref>
-<gloss>Wiktionary</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">wiki-based open content dictionary</gloss>
+<gloss>Wiktionary (wiki-based open content dictionary)</gloss>
4. A 2015-06-01 23:14:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Oops.
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<gloss g_type="expl">wiki-based open content dictionary]</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">wiki-based open content dictionary</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2136360 Active (id: 2183094)

ダイアネティックスダイアネティクス
1. [n]
▶ Dianetics



History:
3. A 2022-04-09 01:47:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2022-04-08 13:08:54  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.lexico.com/definition/dianetics
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/dianetics
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/dianetics
  Comments:
Usually capitalised.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>dianetics</gloss>
+<gloss>Dianetics</gloss>
1. A 2007-01-21 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2168210 Active (id: 2183121)

シケモクしけもく
1. [n] [sl]
▶ cigarette butt
▶ cigarette end



History:
7. A 2022-04-09 13:55:15  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Possibly. Approving for now.
I don't think we need しけモク.
  Diff:
@@ -13,2 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>(cigarette) end</gloss>
-<gloss>butt</gloss>
+<gloss>cigarette butt</gloss>
+<gloss>cigarette end</gloss>
6. A* 2022-04-09 04:07:50  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj says "cigarette made from re-rolled cigarette butts", should maybe be a [dated] 2nd sense? (wiktionary does have two senses)
吸殻をほぐして巻き直したタバコ

daijs: タバコの吸い殻。
[補説] 第二次大戦後、闇市時代の造語か。「けちなタバコ」の意とも。
  Comments:
(6358+1699+243)/243

しけモク is less than 3% of the totals, that's [rK] level for kanji. Probably not needed?
5. A* 2022-04-09 02:44:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
- しけモク probably gets enough ngram hits to stay.
- GG5 mentions "smokeable", which seems to be supported by www images, so it probably should stay.
4. A* 2022-04-08 12:41:27 
  Comments:
not common
  Diff:
@@ -10,3 +9,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>しけモク</reb>
-</r_ele>
@@ -16 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>smokeable cigarette end (butt)</gloss>
+<gloss>(cigarette) end</gloss>
+<gloss>butt</gloss>
3. A 2018-08-21 21:12:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2192360 Active (id: 2183113)
立直
リーチ
1. [n] [uk] {mahjong} Source lang: chi "lìzhí"
▶ rīchi
▶ riichi
▶ [expl] declaring that one is one tile away from winning while one's hand is completely concealed
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2750210 ダブル立直【ダブルリーチ】 1. declaring that one is one tile away from winning on one's first discard and before any tiles have been called or kongs declared
  ⇐ see: 2837637 追っかけリーチ【おっかけリーチ】 1. rīchi called after another player's rīchi
  ⇐ see: 2833519 リーヅモ 1. rīchi with self-draw win (common pair of melds)
  ⇐ see: 2832710 裏ドラ【うらドラ】 1. hidden dora tile available when a player wins by rīchi
  ⇐ see: 2832974 闇聴【やみテン】 1. being in tenpai but not calling rīchi
  ⇐ see: 2832973 黙聴【だまテン】 1. being in tenpai but not calling rīchi
  ⇐ see: 1165730 一発【いっぱつ】 5. win on the first go-around after calling rīchi
  ⇐ see: 2854182 宣言牌【せんげんパイ】 1. tile discarded and turned sideways after declaring rīchi
  ⇐ see: 2752760 メンタンピン 1. combination of rīchi, tanyao, and pinfu (common trio of yaku)
2. [n] [uk]
▶ being one step away from victory, success, failure, etc.



History:
18. A 2022-04-09 11:45:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
17. A* 2022-04-08 23:57:36  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs
  Comments:
I think this is neater.
  Diff:
@@ -22 +22 @@
-<gloss>being one step away from completing something (winning, losing, game over, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>being one step away from victory, success, failure, etc.</gloss>
16. A 2022-04-07 23:38:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
15. A* 2022-04-07 23:08:36  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Sounds good to me.
14. A* 2022-04-06 02:06:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_mahjong#Riichi   (uses "riichi")
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_mahjong_yaku#Special_criteria  (uses "rīchi")
  Comments:
We settled a while ago on using "rīchi" but since some common sites also use "riichi" we'd better have both.
We have 8 entries using "riichi" in their glosses and 6 using "rīchi". I propose to change them all to "rīchi".
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>riichi</gloss>
(show/hide 13 older log entries)

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jmdict 2267630 Active (id: 2183147)
警策
けいさくきょうさくこうざくきょうしゃく [ok]
1. [n] [abbr]
《called けいさく in Rinzai Zen, きょうさく in Soto Zen》
▶ Zen stick (used by a Zen priest to strike an inattentive zazen sitter)
▶ warning stick (Rinzai Zen)
▶ encouragement stick (Soto Zen)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2267640 警覚策励 1. Zen stick (used by a Zen priest to strike an inattentive zazen sitter)
  ⇒ see: 1291910 座禅 1. zazen (seated Zen meditation, usu. in a cross-legged position)
2. (けいさく only) [n]
▶ horsewhip



History:
4. A 2022-04-09 20:15:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -26 +26 @@
-<gloss>Zen stick (used by a Zen priest to strike an inattentive Zazen sitter)</gloss>
+<gloss>Zen stick (used by a Zen priest to strike an inattentive zazen sitter)</gloss>
3. A 2012-08-24 10:30:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2012-08-21 03:57:08  Marcus
  Refs:
daijs (こうざく), nikk (きょうしゃく)
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +12,7 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>こうざく</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>きょうしゃく</reb>
+<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
1. A 2008-04-01 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2267640 Active (id: 2183146)
警覚策励
けいかくさくれい
1. [n]
▶ Zen stick (used by a Zen priest to strike an inattentive zazen sitter)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1291910 座禅 1. zazen (seated Zen meditation, usu. in a cross-legged position)
  ⇐ see: 2267630 警策【けいさく】 1. Zen stick (used by a Zen priest to strike an inattentive zazen sitter); warning stick (Rinzai Zen); encouragement stick (Soto Zen)



History:
3. A 2022-04-09 20:14:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2022-04-08 05:28:39  Opencooper
  Comments:
Please also decapitalize at 「警策」.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>Zen stick (used by a Zen priest to strike an inattentive Zazen sitter)</gloss>
+<gloss>Zen stick (used by a Zen priest to strike an inattentive zazen sitter)</gloss>
1. A 2008-04-01 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2298160 Deleted (id: 2183116)

サーキットエミュレーションサーキット・エミュレーション
1. [n] {computing}
▶ circuit emulation



History:
4. D 2022-04-09 11:48:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes, rather useless.
3. D* 2022-04-08 13:02:32  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
G n-grams: No matches
  Comments:
Not in the refs.
2. A 2013-05-11 07:53:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>サーキット・エミュレーション</reb>
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2318690 Active (id: 2183143)
バケツリレー素子
バケツリレーそし
1. [n] {electronics}
▶ bucket-brigade device
▶ BBD



History:
5. A 2022-04-09 20:11:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2022-04-09 16:25:53  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucket-brigade_device
  Comments:
Electronics, not computing.
I don't think the x-ref is needed. For people who are curious, it's easy enough to look up バケツリレー.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2825994">バケツリレー</xref>
-<field>&comp;</field>
+<field>&electr;</field>
+<gloss>bucket-brigade device</gloss>
@@ -15 +14,0 @@
-<gloss>Bucket Brigade Device</gloss>
3. A 2022-04-08 02:02:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Needs attention.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2825994">バケツリレー</xref>
2. A* 2022-04-08 00:29:49  Chase Colburn <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>Bucket Bridge Device</gloss>
+<gloss>Bucket Brigade Device</gloss>
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2534190 Active (id: 2183255)
昧旦
まいたん
1. [n] [arch]
▶ dawn
▶ daybreak



History:
3. A 2022-04-11 05:53:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2022-04-09 21:39:13  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, koj
眛旦	No matches
昧旦	No matches
  Comments:
The person who submitted this confused two very similar-looking kanji. The refs only have 昧旦. Also, the reading was incorrect.
Presumably archaic.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>眛旦</keb>
+<keb>昧旦</keb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>まいだん</reb>
+<reb>まいたん</reb>
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<misc>&obsc;</misc>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
1. A 2010-03-18 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2752760 Active (id: 2277387)

メンタンピン
1. [n] {mahjong} Source lang: chi
▶ combination of rīchi, tanyao, and pinfu (common trio of yaku)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2192360 立直【リーチ】 1. rīchi; riichi; declaring that one is one tile away from winning while one's hand is completely concealed
  ⇒ see: 2752740 断ヤオ【タンヤオ】 1. tanyao (winning hand containing no terminal tiles or honor tiles); all simples
  ⇒ see: 2749750 平和【ピンフ】 1. concealed winning hand consisting of chows, a pair that isn't a value pair, and an open wait
  ⇒ see: 1537970 役【やく】 4. scoring combination; hand; yaku; meld



History:
12. A 2023-09-19 00:24:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>combination of rīchi, tan'yao, and pinfu (common trio of yaku)</gloss>
+<gloss>combination of rīchi, tanyao, and pinfu (common trio of yaku)</gloss>
11. A 2022-04-09 01:44:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2022-04-07 23:46:04  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
More a portmanteau word than an abbreviation.
I don't think the タンピン x-ref is needed.
  Diff:
@@ -14 +13,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2752750">タンピン</xref>
@@ -16 +14,0 @@
-<misc>&abbr;</misc>
9. A 2022-04-06 04:34:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
We don't use glosses tagged as "expl" unless there is already another gloss, typically romanized Japanese, which warrants detailed explanation.
  Diff:
@@ -20 +20 @@
-<gloss g_type="expl">combination of rīchi, tan'yao, and pinfu (common trio of yaku)</gloss>
+<gloss>combination of rīchi, tan'yao, and pinfu (common trio of yaku)</gloss>
8. A* 2022-04-05 13:57:11  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://kinmaweb.jp/mahjong-yougo/mentanpin
"リーチの成立条件である「門前清(メンゼンチン:鳴いていない状態)」が由来と言われるが、定かではない。"

『麻雀 定石「何切る」301選』 by G・ウザク (ISBN-13: 978-4861999840) (Pg. 221 「麻雀用語集」)
"「メンタンピン」 リーチタンヤオピンフ、なぜかリーチをメンと言う"
  Comments:
Sounds like the 門前 origin of メン in メンタンピン might be of folk etymological or otherwise uncertain origin, so it might actually be best for us to omit it. Sorry for the confusion.

See my comment on yaku (1537970・役・やく[4]) as to why I believe we should refer to rīchi, tan'yao, and pinfu as "yaku" rather than "melds"
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2750630">門前・メンゼン</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2192360">立直・リーチ・1</xref>
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2192360">立直・リーチ・1</xref>
@@ -19 +18 @@
-<gloss g_type="expl">combination of rīchi (for which menzen is a requirement), tan'yao, and pinfu (common trio of yaku)</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">combination of rīchi, tan'yao, and pinfu (common trio of yaku)</gloss>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)

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jmdict 2839079 Active (id: 2183144)

コモンズ
1. [n]
▶ commons
▶ common land
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1791720 入会地 1. commons; common land



History:
4. A 2022-04-09 20:12:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-04-09 14:20:52  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1791720">入会地</xref>
@@ -10 +11 @@
-<gloss>public land</gloss>
+<gloss>common land</gloss>
2. A 2019-04-04 17:36:34  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2019-04-04 05:46:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr

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jmdict 2850887 Active (id: 2183117)
災害用伝言ダイヤル
さいがいようでんごんダイヤル
1. [n]
▶ disaster emergency message dial (171)
▶ emergency messaging service
▶ [expl] voicemail service used to report and check the safety status of people affected by a disaster
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2854187 災害用伝言板【さいがいようでんごんばん】 1. emergency message board; disaster message board; online service used to report and check the safety status of people affected by a disaster



History:
4. A 2022-04-09 11:48:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-04-08 10:58:29  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Adding an explanation, as on 災害用伝言板.
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss g_type="expl">voicemail service used to report and check the safety status of people affected by a disaster</gloss>
2. A 2021-10-15 05:05:00  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs

The Japan Times calls it: 
an emergency voice-mail service for people worried about friends and family in regions of western Japan affected by a powerful 
earthquake earlier in the day (2000, when it was first launched)
The emergency messaging service 171 (2008)
NTT emergency voice message board (2011)
171 emergency messaging service available following a natural disaster (2016)
171 emergency voice message board (2017)

for site:go.jp I find
Disaster Emergency Message Dial (171) (MOJ)
 emergency message hotline (JSPS)
Disaster Message Dial 171 (FDMA)
Disaster Emergency Message Dial (171) Voice Message Board (Soumu)
1. A* 2021-10-15 04:24:20  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/災害用伝言ダイヤル-667484
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/災害用伝言ダイヤル
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/災害用伝言ダイヤル
https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=災害用伝言ダイヤル

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jmdict 2854216 Deleted (id: 2183119)
さあ行こう
さあいこうさあゆこう
1. [exp]
▶ let's go
▶ come on



History:
3. D 2022-04-09 11:54:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK. I was going to xref いざ行かん to it, but I'll work around that.
2. A* 2022-04-08 14:12:07  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
さあこれから	26879	  
さあみんな	23852
さあどうする	20747
さあ帰ろう	11573	  
さあどうぞ	10596
---
さあ行こう	17466
レッツゴー	186863
  Comments:
I don't feel this is appropriate for a dictionary. Besides being obvious, it's not even the most common use of さあ. And it's significantly less common than レッツゴー.
1. A* 2022-04-07 23:36:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
さあ行こう	17466
さあいこう	4844
さあゆこう	411
Eijiro, RP, KOJ (EJ)
GG5: 彼は軽くうなずいた後, 私に「さあ行こう」と促した. After giving me a brief nod he urged me on with the words "Let's be going now."
2 Tanaka sentences
  Comments:
This may be regarded as a bit obvious, but I think it's useful to have it as a recognized stock phrase.
I was led to considering it when reviewing the proposed いざ行かん entry. Some of the comments associated with that phrase said it was a form of さあ行こう, and it would be good to include an xref here. If approved I'll reindex the two sentences.

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jmdict 2854218 Active (id: 2183111)
愛心
あいしん
1. [n] [obs]
▶ love
▶ affection



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 11:06:48  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Not in meikyo/shinmeikai or the JEs (except Saito). Not in daijr or koj either. I think most of those ngram hits are false matches. Only a handful of hits in Aozora.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&obs;</misc>
1. A* 2022-04-08 02:46:30  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/愛心-421380
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/愛心
  Comments:
愛心	8805

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jmdict 2854219 Active (id: 2183112)
目を開く
めをひらく
1. [exp,v5k]
▶ to open one's eyes
2. [exp,v5k] [id]
▶ to open one's eyes (to the truth, a new way of thinking, etc.)
▶ to awaken
▶ to discover

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2022-04-09 11:13:48  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, koj, meikyo
  Diff:
@@ -18 +18,2 @@
-<gloss>to open one's eyes (to the truth, a new viewpoint, etc.)</gloss>
+<misc>&id;</misc>
+<gloss>to open one's eyes (to the truth, a new way of thinking, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -19,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>to discover</gloss>
1. A* 2022-04-08 04:47:35  Opencooper
  Refs:
gg5; daijs

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jmdict 2854222 Active (id: 2183101)
謝罪文
しゃざいぶん
1. [n]
▶ written apology



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 02:34:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-08 14:33:57  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, NHK Accent
G n-grams: 72309

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jmdict 2854223 Active (id: 2183110)
名勝負
めいしょうぶ
1. [n]
▶ excellent match
▶ unforgettable match
▶ great contest
▶ enthralling game



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 10:46:03  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>enthralling sports event</gloss>
+<gloss>excellent match</gloss>
@@ -13,0 +14,2 @@
+<gloss>great contest</gloss>
+<gloss>enthralling game</gloss>
1. A* 2022-04-08 15:46:52  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/名勝負/

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
名勝負	157278
めいしょうぶ	90

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jmdict 2854225 Active (id: 2183105)
出身国
しゅっしんこく
1. [n]
▶ one's home country



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 04:01:54  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
出身国	40658
  Comments:
not sure "one's" needed or if it should maybe be in brackets.
1. A* 2022-04-09 00:56:57  Anthony Russo <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
「にほんご敬語トレーニング」(ISBN: 978-4872176124) page 83

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jmdict 2854226 Active (id: 2183383)
末脚末足
すえあし
1. [n] {horse racing}
▶ accelerating in the final stretch



History:
4. A 2022-04-12 06:14:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-04-12 00:43:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15,2 @@
-<gloss>speeding up at the end of a (horse) race.</gloss>
+<field>&horse;</field>
+<gloss>accelerating in the final stretch</gloss>
2. A 2022-04-11 08:16:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>末足</keb>
1. A* 2022-04-09 06:36:26 
  Refs:
Daijr
KOD
https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGKKZO59818180Y2A400C2US0000/
馬群の外に持ち出すと鋭い末脚で伸び、インコースを回ってきたサークルオブライフなどをかわして重賞初制覇を飾った。

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jmdict 2854227 Active (id: 2192734)

ショーモデルショー・モデル
1. [n] Source lang: eng "show model"
▶ fashion show model
▶ catwalk model
▶ runway model



History:
5. A 2022-06-24 20:29:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2022-06-24 15:21:29  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_(person)#Fashion_modelling
  Comments:
I think "fashion model" is too broad.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>fashion model</gloss>
-<gloss>show model</gloss>
+<lsource xml:lang="eng">show model</lsource>
+<gloss>fashion show model</gloss>
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>runway model</gloss>
3. A 2022-04-09 12:08:17  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ショー・モデル</reb>
2. A 2022-04-09 11:47:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,2 @@
+<gloss>fashion model</gloss>
+<gloss>show model</gloss>
1. A* 2022-04-09 08:45:08 
  Refs:
https://love-gala.org/model-kiso/model-syurui/show-model/
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/モデル_(職業)#ショーモデルやイベントモデル

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jmdict 2854228 Active (id: 2183118)
注文履歴
ちゅうもんりれき
1. [n]
▶ order history
▶ purchase history



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 11:50:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>purchase/order history</gloss>
+<gloss>order history</gloss>
+<gloss>purchase history</gloss>
1. A* 2022-04-09 09:40:36  mark dufour <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
google n-gram: 1137798

obvious but very common. feel free to delete/reject if too obvious/redundant.

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jmdict 2854229 Active (id: 2183390)
昧爽
まいそう
1. [n] [dated]
▶ dawn



History:
2. A 2022-04-12 06:25:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-09 21:36:12  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daij, shinmeikai
G n-grams: 1492

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jmnedict 5002382 Deleted (id: 2183129)

けふこ
1. [fem]
▶ Kefuko



History:
3. D 2022-04-09 14:28:57  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
see けふ子

(thanks for helping rooting these out!)
2. A* 2022-04-09 13:59:43  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Kyōko (きょうこ) [fem] is seq 5002131
  Diff:
@@ -7,4 +6,0 @@
-<sense>
-<misc>&fem;</misc>
-<gloss>Kyōko</gloss>
-</sense>
1. A 2021-08-09 05:08:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
 Kyou to Kyō conversion
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<gloss>Kyouko</gloss>
+<gloss>Kyōko</gloss>

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jmnedict 5002383 Deleted (id: 2183128)
けふ子
けふこ
1. [fem]
▶ Kefuko



History:
3. D 2022-04-09 14:28:09  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
けふ is just the old way of spelling きょう。
2. A* 2022-04-09 14:01:57  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Kyōko (きょう子・きょうこ) [fem] is seq 5002133
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>きょうこ</reb>
+<reb>けふこ</reb>
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Kyōko</gloss>
+<gloss>Kefuko</gloss>
1. A 2021-08-09 05:08:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
 Kyou to Kyō conversion
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Kyouko</gloss>
+<gloss>Kyōko</gloss>

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jmnedict 5002504 Deleted (id: 2183167)

こてふ
1. [given]
▶ Kochou



History:
2. D 2022-04-09 23:12:10  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
We include some archaicisms but with very few exceptions, we don't include entries based on thr historic kana system
1. D* 2022-04-09 15:05:03  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://sakura-paris.org/dict/学研古語辞典/content/704_728
"こてふ【胡蝶】〔現代かな遣い〕こちょう"

Sounds like this one is another old spelling (like けふこ)
  Comments:
Kochō (こちょう) [given] is covered by seq 5002493

I know JMdict aims to be a dictionary of modern Japanese. I suppose that's true for JMnedict too?

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jmnedict 5003213 Active (id: 2183156)

しやう
1. [fem]
▶ Shiyau



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 20:25:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-09 14:41:48  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Shau (しゃう) [fem] is covered by seq 5003208
  Diff:
@@ -10 +9,0 @@
-<gloss>Shau</gloss>

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jmnedict 5003225 Active (id: 2183155)

しゆら
1. [given]
▶ Shiyura



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 20:25:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-09 14:39:40  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Shura (しゅら) [given] is covered by seq 5003221
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<gloss>Shura</gloss>
+<gloss>Shiyura</gloss>

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jmnedict 5003923 Active (id: 2183154)

ちうじ
1. [given]
▶ Chiuji



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 20:24:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-09 14:46:34  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Chuuji (ちゅうじ) [given] is covered by seq 5004072
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<gloss>Chuuji</gloss>
+<gloss>Chiuji</gloss>

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jmnedict 5005164 Deleted (id: 2183153)
葉月菜
はづな
1. [fem]
▶ Hazuna



History:
8. D 2022-04-09 20:24:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
7. D 2022-04-09 04:01:02  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No one on FB by that name. I agree that these entries are "largely harmless" in the sense that Jmnedict is of quite low quality to begin with, so rooting out all false entries would be a lot of work for questionable gain. But when individual ones are brought up and a decision needs to be taken either way, it's really no extra effort to click the "this entry should be deleted" box before approving.
6. A 2022-04-09 01:42:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
0 ngrams for both.
  Comments:
Yes, they are often marginal at best. I think they're harmless.
5. A* 2022-04-08 22:00:06  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://b-name.jp/赤ちゃん名前辞典/f/yomi/はづな/

lists 初凪 and 葉月菜, read as はづな, as feminine names
  Comments:
I'm not sure what our go-to sources for generic names are, other than wikipedia and the general WWW. The veracity of many of these old entries does seem questionable.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>はづ菜</keb>
+<keb>葉月菜</keb>
4. D* 2022-04-08 05:24:51 
  Comments:
not real name
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmnedict 5042532 Active (id: 2183087)

ジョンソン
1. [surname]
▶ Johnson
▶ Jonson



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 01:42:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-08 22:59:55  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<gloss>Johnson</gloss>

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jmnedict 5362799 Active (id: 2183151)
春成
しゅんじょう
1. [unclass]
▶ Shunjō



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 20:19:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shunjо̄</gloss>
+<gloss>Shunjō</gloss>
1. A* 2022-04-09 14:06:04  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shunyou</gloss>
+<gloss>Shunjо̄</gloss>

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jmnedict 5380644 Active (id: 2183149)
庄篠
しょうじょう
1. [unclass]
▶ Shōjō



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 20:16:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-09 14:09:48  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shouyou</gloss>
+<gloss>Shōjō</gloss>

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jmnedict 5612857 Rejected (id: 2183083)
百々田
ひゃくぴゃくだ
1. [surname]
▶ Hyakupyakuda

History:
4. R 2022-04-09 01:38:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Oops. Didn't see the other edit.
3. A* 2022-04-09 01:35:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
On www hits this name appears to be only Momota. Probably should be changed.
Re Stephen's question, if there are too many to submit individually email me the list. I have an update utility that can do batches.
2. A* 2022-04-08 05:26:23 
  Comments:
not real surname
1. A* 2022-04-08 01:08:17  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I've been running some analysis on jmnedict glosses to determine which glosses are merely transcriptions of the given readings, so I've been finding a lot of small errors here and there. Please let me know if it would be better to consolidate these changes into an issue on github or somewhere else rather than submitting them one at a time here.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Hyakubyakuda</gloss>
+<gloss>Hyakupyakuda</gloss>

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jmnedict 5612857 Active (id: 2183455)
百々田
ももた
1. [surname]
▶ Momota



History:
6. A 2022-04-13 06:06:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
百々田	35
https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/63000902
  Comments:
It's probably a penname, but it's "out there". More so than some of the old scraped names.
5. D* 2022-04-09 03:56:57  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
This seems like a guess to me, for a name that might not even be real. I don't think we should include things that we can't firmly attest.
4. A 2022-04-09 01:38:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Re Stephen's question, if there are too many to submit individually email me the list. I have an update utility that can do batches.
3. A* 2022-04-08 22:16:24  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
"ひゃくびゃくだ" doesn't bring up any hits for 百々田 on google.
results for "ひゃくぴゃくだ" only lead back to jmnedict.

百々田 only gets one hit on wikipedia, where the reading isn't specified, but 百々田 gets a lot of "momota" on google. Looking through jmnedict, も seems to be a common reading for 百.

We also have an entry for 百田 (ももた) seq 5613488
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>ひゃくぴゃくだ</reb>
+<reb>ももた</reb>
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Hyakupyakuda</gloss>
+<gloss>Momota</gloss>
2. A* 2022-04-08 05:26:23 
  Comments:
not real surname
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmnedict 5653386 Active (id: 2230741)
毎トー
まいトー [spec1]
1. [ev]
▶ Mainichi Tennis Championship (abbr)



History:
4. A 2023-05-06 01:13:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Adding spec1
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3. A 2022-04-10 12:25:38  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/毎日テニス選手権
"毎日テニス選手権は、毎年7月から9月にかけて有明テニスの森公園他東京都内で開催される、テニストーナメントである。略称「毎トー」。"
http://www.maitospo.com/
  Diff:
@@ -11,2 +11,2 @@
-<misc>&unclass;</misc>
-<gloss>Maitō</gloss>
+<misc>&ev;</misc>
+<gloss>Mainichi Tennis Championship (abbr)</gloss>
2. A 2022-04-09 20:21:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Correct ō?
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Maitо̄</gloss>
+<gloss>Maitō</gloss>
1. A* 2022-04-09 14:55:39  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>まいとぜ</reb>
+<reb>まいトー</reb>
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Maito-</gloss>
+<gloss>Maitо̄</gloss>

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jmnedict 5743930 Active (id: 2234462)
麻薬取締局
まやくとりしまりきょく [spec1]
1. [organization]
▶ Drug Enforcement Administration (US)
▶ DEA



History:
3. A 2023-05-06 06:12:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Adding spec1
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2. A 2022-04-09 01:42:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-08 14:43:40  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
eij, RP
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/麻薬取締局

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jmnedict 5743931 Active (id: 2183088)

はじめしゃちょー
1. [person]
▶ Hajime Syacho (1993.2.14-; YouTuber)



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 01:43:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-08 14:48:35  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/はじめしゃちょー
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajime_Syacho
  Comments:
Second most subscribed Japanese YouTuber.

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jmnedict 5743932 Active (id: 2183090)
HIKAKIN
ヒカキン
1. [person]
▶ Hikakin (1989.4.21-; YouTuber)



History:
2. A 2022-04-09 01:44:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-08 14:50:24  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIKAKIN
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hikakin
  Comments:
Most subscribed YouTuber in Japan.

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jmnedict 5743933 Active (id: 2235639)

ウィキニュース [spec1]
1. [work]
▶ Wikinews



History:
3. A 2023-05-07 06:34:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Adding spec1
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2. A 2022-04-09 20:13:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-09 13:59:45  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikinews.org/wiki/メインページ
  Comments:
We have all the other Wiki projects.

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jmnedict 5743934 Active (id: 2183232)
髙熊
たかくま
1. [surname]
▶ Takakuma



History:
2. A 2022-04-10 21:53:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-09 22:26:34 

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jmnedict 5743935 Active (id: 2183233)
麗央
れお
1. [male,fem]
▶ Reo



History:
2. A 2022-04-10 21:53:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-04-09 22:27:32 

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