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jmdict 1011230 Active (id: 2215195)

ぶらぶら [ichi1] ブラブラ
1. [adv,adv-to,vs,adj-na] [on-mim]
▶ dangling
▶ swaying
▶ swinging
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2253600 ぶらっと 1. limply
  ⇐ see: 2619890 ぶらりぶらり 1. dangling; swaying; swinging
2. [adv,adv-to,vs] [on-mim]
▶ (walking) leisurely
▶ aimlessly
▶ strolling
▶ wandering
▶ rambling
3. [adv,adv-to,vs] [on-mim]
▶ idly
▶ lazily
▶ leisurely
▶ aimlessly

Conjugations


History:
10. A 2022-12-08 06:38:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9. A* 2022-12-07 11:26:52  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij, meikyo
  Comments:
I don't think "to and fro" adds anything.
Sense 4 appears to be archaic. Daijs doesn't even have it. I think it can be dropped.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -14,0 +14,2 @@
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
@@ -16,2 +17,2 @@
-<gloss>dangling heavily</gloss>
-<gloss>swaying to and fro</gloss>
+<gloss>dangling</gloss>
+<gloss>swaying</gloss>
@@ -21 +21,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -23,0 +24 @@
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -24,0 +26,2 @@
+<gloss>(walking) leisurely</gloss>
+<gloss>aimlessly</gloss>
@@ -25,0 +29 @@
+<gloss>wandering</gloss>
@@ -27,2 +30,0 @@
-<gloss>roaming</gloss>
-<gloss>wandering</gloss>
@@ -31 +32,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -33,0 +35 @@
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -39,7 +40,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
-<pos>&adv;</pos>
-<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
-<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
-<gloss>persisting (of an illness)</gloss>
8. A 2022-12-04 02:54:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
swaying to and fro 3871
swaying to and from 44
  Comments:
Common expression.
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>swaying to and from</gloss>
+<gloss>swaying to and fro</gloss>
7. A* 2022-12-04 00:46:12 
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>swaying to and fro</gloss>
+<gloss>swaying to and from</gloss>
6. A 2016-12-24 20:19:50  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1186170 Active (id: 2215228)
下卑る [ateji]
げびる
1. [v1,vi]
《usu. 〜た/て; 卑 is ateji》
▶ to become vulgar
▶ to coarsen
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2409210 びる 1. to seem ...; to look ...; to appear ...; to feel ...; to behave like ...

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2022-12-08 22:09:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
下卑て	676
3. A* 2022-12-08 19:52:32  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 下卑る │     62 │       │
│ 下びる │      0 │       │
│ げびる │      0 │       │
│ ゲビる │      0 │       │
├─ーーー─┼────────┼───────┤
│ 下卑た │ 12,721 │ 98.0% │
│ 下びた │     27 │  0.2% │
│ げびた │    200 │  1.5% │
│ ゲビた │     33 │  0.3% │
╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Comments:
We have a "usu. 〜た/て" note on 大人びる and ひなびる as well.
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14,2 @@
-<s_inf>卑 is ateji</s_inf>
+<xref type="see" seq="2409210">びる</xref>
+<s_inf>usu. 〜た/て; 卑 is ateji</s_inf>
2. A 2019-03-13 15:16:07  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<s_inf>卑 is ateji</s_inf>
1. A* 2019-03-12 19:22:33  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1312540 Active (id: 2215177)
試薬 [news1,nf24]
しやく [news1,nf24]
1. [n] {chemistry}
▶ reagent



History:
2. A 2022-12-08 05:08:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-12-08 03:33:43  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
shinmeikai has a second sense like "sample dose of medicine," although I don't see it in other refs
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<field>&chem;</field>

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jmdict 1414530 Active (id: 2215229)
大地アース
だいちアース
1. [n] [rare] {electricity, elec. eng.}
▶ earth ground
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1013500 アース 1. earth; ground; earthing; grounding



History:
5. A 2022-12-08 22:11:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Indeed
4. A* 2022-12-08 17:55:28 
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>たいちアース</reb>
+<reb>だいちアース</reb>
3. A 2022-12-04 18:06:17  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1385560">接地・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1013500">アース・1</xref>
2. A 2022-12-03 04:31:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Reverso. ニッポニカ entry for アース has "... 大地アース  ... ともいう。"
  Comments:
A bit of an outlier, but I think it's worth keeping.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,4 @@
-<gloss>external (earth) ground</gloss>
-<gloss>signal ground</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1385560">接地・1</xref>
+<field>&elec;</field>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<gloss>earth ground</gloss>
1. A* 2022-12-02 20:25:35  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
G n-grams: 820
  Comments:
Not in my refs. Is this needed?
Also, I don't think "signal ground" is right.

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jmdict 1430850 Active (id: 2215197)
直感 [ichi1,news2,nf25] 直観 [ichi1]
ちょっかん [ichi1,news2,nf25]
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ intuition
▶ instinct
▶ hunch

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2022-12-08 06:40:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2022-12-07 22:28:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think "insight" is right. The JEs don't have it.
I'm with Rene on "immediacy". It doesn't seem a good fit.
Adjectival form is 直感的.
  Diff:
@@ -24 +23,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -27 +25,0 @@
-<gloss>insight</gloss>
@@ -29 +26,0 @@
-<gloss>immediacy</gloss>
3. A 2021-11-06 05:40:55  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
meikyo
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
2. A 2013-12-28 00:48:28  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
not sure i really care for it
1. A* 2013-12-27 21:06:47  Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
イメージでの直観では無く、じっくり考えて解凍している人が多いと感じた。
.
Genius WaEi:
intuition; instinct; immediacy
  Diff:
@@ -27,0 +28 @@
+<gloss>immediacy</gloss>

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jmdict 1449570 Active (id: 2298874)
答弁 [ichi1,news1,nf04] 答辯 [oK]
とうべん [ichi1,news1,nf04]
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ response
▶ reply
▶ answer
▶ defence
▶ defense

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2024-04-22 18:34:02  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
kyūji
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
3. A 2022-12-08 05:46:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2022-12-08 04:39:26  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 答弁   │ 1,968,458 │ 99.8% │
│ 答辯   │     3,715 │  0.2% │ 🡠 adding (daijs, meikyo, obunsha)
│ とうべん │     1,445 │  N/A  │
╰─ーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>答辯</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
1. A 2021-11-18 01:19:10  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1524440 Active (id: 2215224)
麻薬 [ichi1,news1,nf04] 痲薬 [rK]
まやく [ichi1,news1,nf04]
1. [n]
▶ narcotic
▶ drug
▶ dope
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2220820 薬【やく】 1. dope; narcotic; drug



History:
4. A 2022-12-08 20:09:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-12-08 19:29:44  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 麻薬  │ 882,089 │ 99.4% │
│ 痲薬  │     287 │  0.0% │ 🡠 rK (daijr/s, koj, etc.)
│ まやく │   4,569 │  0.5% │
│ マヤク │     594 │  0.1% │
╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2017-10-23 22:08:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2017-10-23 11:40:15  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog
  Comments:
"Opium" is just an example of drug. Don't need it as a gloss.
Changed gloss to singular form. I think "drug" is enough if we lead with "narcotic".
Not [adj-no].
  Diff:
@@ -21,2 +20,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>narcotic drugs</gloss>
@@ -24 +22 @@
-<gloss>opium</gloss>
+<gloss>drug</gloss>

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jmdict 1528140 Active (id: 2215238)
魅了 [news1,nf18]
みりょう [news1,nf18]
1. [n]
▶ charm
▶ fascination
2. [vs,vt]
▶ to charm
▶ to fascinate
▶ to captivate
▶ to mesmerize
▶ to enthrall
▶ to hold spellbound

Conjugations


History:
6. A 2022-12-09 01:36:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK. All 14 example sentences are using the verb sense.
5. A* 2022-12-09 01:22:31  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daij, etc.
魅了し	466956	34.9%
魅了する	388007	29.0%
魅了さ	417423	31.2%
魅了が	4051	0.3%
魅了を	11843	0.9%
魅了に	25406	1.9%
魅了の	24788	1.9%
  Comments:
All the examples in the refs are -する. It's also easier to gloss as a verb. I think the 2-sense approach is best.
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16,4 @@
+<gloss>charm</gloss>
+<gloss>fascination</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
@@ -18,3 +22,6 @@
-<gloss>charm</gloss>
-<gloss>fascination</gloss>
-<gloss>casting a spell (on someone)</gloss>
+<gloss>to charm</gloss>
+<gloss>to fascinate</gloss>
+<gloss>to captivate</gloss>
+<gloss>to mesmerize</gloss>
+<gloss>to enthrall</gloss>
+<gloss>to hold spellbound</gloss>
4. A* 2022-12-08 07:00:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
  Comments:
I don't think 2 senses are needed.
  Diff:
@@ -16,3 +15,0 @@
-<gloss>fascination</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
@@ -21,3 +18,3 @@
-<gloss>to charm</gloss>
-<gloss>to fascinate</gloss>
-<gloss>to mesmerize</gloss>
+<gloss>charm</gloss>
+<gloss>fascination</gloss>
+<gloss>casting a spell (on someone)</gloss>
3. A* 2022-12-08 05:57:58  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
[vt]: meikyo, shinmeikai, etc.
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
2. A 2011-02-15 23:22:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1538770 Active (id: 2215286)
諭す [spec2,news2,nf37]
さとす [spec2,news2,nf37]
1. [v5s,vt]
▶ to make (someone) understand (a fault, mistake, etc.)
▶ to reason with
▶ to advise
▶ to try to persuade
▶ to exhort
▶ to admonish
▶ to warn (against doing)

Conjugations


History:
13. A 2022-12-09 21:59:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
12. A* 2022-12-09 17:49:20  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, meikyo
  Comments:
The more I look at this, the more I'm convinced it's just one sense.
Both senses in sankoku could correspond to "admonish". The "懇々と諭す" example for (sankoku's) sense 1 is also used in this GG5 example: "その店の主人は子供たちの盗みの非を懇々と諭した. The store owner lectured children at length on the wrongs of stealing."
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19,5 @@
+<gloss>to make (someone) understand (a fault, mistake, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to reason with</gloss>
+<gloss>to advise</gloss>
+<gloss>to try to persuade</gloss>
+<gloss>to exhort</gloss>
@@ -20,9 +25 @@
-<gloss>to remonstrate</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&v5s;</pos>
-<pos>&vt;</pos>
-<gloss>to explain thoroughly</gloss>
-<gloss>to make see the reason (in)</gloss>
-<gloss>to persuade</gloss>
-<gloss>to warn</gloss>
+<gloss>to warn (against doing)</gloss>
11. A* 2022-12-09 07:11:51  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
sankoku 7e also splits along the same line.

①〔親・先生などが〕よくわかるように(やさしく)言う。「懇々と諭す」
②教えみちびく。「不心得を諭す」
10. A* 2022-12-09 06:34:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijisen: 目下の者に物事の道理をよくわかるように話し聞かせる。納得するように教え導く。
Daijirin: 目下の者に,ことの道理を理解できるように言いきかせる。
Meikyo: 物事の道理(特に、自分の非)がよく分かるように目下の人に言い聞かせる。また、行動の指針を与えて目下の人を教え導く。
Reverso - several of the early matches use "admonish"
  Comments:
We do not "blindly follow the other JEs" at all. There are many entries where we have taken quite different approaches to glosses. If you want to make a case I suggest you avoid weakening it by throwing in anonymous insults.
The JEs are not alone in their translations. All the kokugo explanations are couched as ticking off subordinates to some degree. I see if you drop the sentence you quote into Google Translate it offers: "Like Shiori admonishing a girl, he speaks gently and slowly."  So poor old Googe with its massive NN analysis of parallel texts came up with the wrong translation too.
That said, there is a difference between admonishing and remonstrating on one hand, and explaining and persuading on the other. While no reference does it, I think it's probably appropriate to split it into senses.
The parallels between さとす and さとる are very loose. I know Daijirin comments "「さとる」に対する他動詞" but I think that's stating a contrast rather than an equivalence.
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21,4 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5s;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
9. A* 2022-12-08 12:01:14 
  Comments:
I'll preface this with a question:
if this is the transitive equivalent of satoru (to understand), why must the glosses be so wildly different?

Here is an example I dug up.
Context: they are on an uninhabited island. they found an unconscious girl, brought her to a cave to safety. She just woke up and seems alarmed
「恐がらなくてもいいのよ‥‥‥別にあなたに危害を加えるつもりで、連れてきたわけじゃないわ」
詩織が少女を諭すように、優しくゆっくりとした口調で話しかける。

I'm sure there are 1000s of other examples just like that outside JE example sentences. It might even be the most common use for this word.
Now, which glosses might fit this sentence?

× to admonish × to remonstrate △ to explain thoroughly △ to make see the reason (in) ○ to persuade × to warn ○ to reason with ○ to make (someone) understand

ISTM that saito is the only JE here that has the balls to try to actually translate the japanese word. in contrast the modern JEs each trot out a similar parade of synonyms that are only tangentially related to the original word, that only fit one context.

I wish JMDICT would not blindly follow the other JEs when this happens. and boy does it happen a lot.

Food for thought, for this entry, as well as others.
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 1854190 Active (id: 2215710)
透かさず [rK] 透さず [sK]
すかさず [spec2]
1. [adv] [uk]
▶ without a moment's delay
▶ at once
▶ immediately
▶ instantly
▶ promptly
▶ without hesitation



History:
12. A 2022-12-13 22:26:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Let's stick with the 500k/1M n-gram thresholds for now. The whole spec and gai families need redoing/revising, but that's something for next year. I'll probably raise an issue on it.
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
+<re_pri>spec2</re_pri>
11. A* 2022-12-13 11:58:48  Marcus Richert
  Comments:
I think those are the precise thresholds Johan used to use (and I've mostly adhered to them too I think, picking them up from him)
10. A* 2022-12-12 02:13:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Without definite thresholds, there's no obvious way to choose between spec1 and spec2.
I don't think it needs to be case-by-case unless A) the term is too recent for the ngrams, or B) a common term and an obscure term share the same kanji form and we want to give priority to the former (to aid lookups).
Any figure is arbitrary but does 500k+ for spec2 and 1m+ for spec1 sound sensible?
9. A 2022-12-11 19:53:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2022-12-10 05:18:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The spec1/spec2 pre-dated the m-grams by many years. They started out as tags that indicated they were entries in a certain compact dictionary and hence likely to be reasonably common. I was criticized by the compiler of the dictionary, so I flipped the tags to just "spec". Since then they've become a general "common term" tag.
We could pick on, say, 500k+ for the aggregation of n-gram counts as a guideline, but I think it should be a case-by-case decision.
(show/hide 7 older log entries)

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jmdict 1953260 Active (id: 2215185)
然らば
しからば
1. [conj] [uk,dated]
▶ if so
▶ in that case
▶ then



History:
5. A 2022-12-08 05:47:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2022-12-07 21:41:44  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
meikyo, daij
  Comments:
I don't think the x-ref is needed.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2173520">然らば・さらば・2</xref>
@@ -13,0 +13 @@
+<misc>&dated;</misc>
@@ -15 +14,0 @@
-<gloss>if it be so</gloss>
3. A 2015-09-10 00:21:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2173520">然らば・さらば・2</xref>
2. A 2014-11-11 20:17:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2014-11-11 05:51:04  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, gg5
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11,2 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>

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jmdict 2007460 Active (id: 2215194)

おさらば
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ saying goodbye (to)
▶ bidding farewell (to)
▶ breaking off (with)
2. [int] [pol]
▶ farewell
▶ goodbye
▶ adieu
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2173520 【さらば】 1. farewell; goodbye; adieu

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2022-12-08 06:37:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-12-07 21:35:24  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij, meikyo
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11,6 @@
+<gloss>saying goodbye (to)</gloss>
+<gloss>bidding farewell (to)</gloss>
+<gloss>breaking off (with)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&int;</pos>
@@ -12 +18 @@
-<gloss>good-bye</gloss>
+<misc>&pol;</misc>
@@ -13,0 +20,2 @@
+<gloss>goodbye</gloss>
+<gloss>adieu</gloss>
2. A 2022-12-04 02:56:42  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Mk
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2173520">然らば・さらば・1</xref>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2173520">さらば・1</xref>
1. A 2015-09-10 00:25:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No sign お然らば is used. Seems to be more a noun than something you say.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2173520">然らば・さらば・1</xref>

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jmdict 2619890 Active (id: 2215223)

ぶらりぶらり
1. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ dangling
▶ swaying
▶ swinging
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1011230 ぶらぶら 1. dangling; swaying; swinging
2. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ (walking) leisurely
▶ aimlessly
▶ strolling
▶ wandering
▶ rambling
3. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ idly
▶ lazily
▶ leisurely
▶ aimlessly



History:
4. A 2022-12-08 20:09:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-12-08 10:57:24  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +8 @@
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
@@ -9 +9,0 @@
-<pos>&adv;</pos>
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>dangling heavily</gloss>
-<gloss>swaying to and fro</gloss>
+<gloss>dangling</gloss>
+<gloss>swaying</gloss>
@@ -14,0 +15,19 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
+<gloss>(walking) leisurely</gloss>
+<gloss>aimlessly</gloss>
+<gloss>strolling</gloss>
+<gloss>wandering</gloss>
+<gloss>rambling</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
+<gloss>idly</gloss>
+<gloss>lazily</gloss>
+<gloss>leisurely</gloss>
+<gloss>aimlessly</gloss>
2. A 2011-03-23 22:09:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-03-23 06:21:26  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij, gg5

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2650990 Active (id: 2215196)
再発防止
さいはつぼうし
1. [n]
▶ preventing recurrence (of)
▶ preventing from happening again



History:
4. A 2022-12-08 06:39:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-12-07 23:21:41  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
reverso
  Comments:
Doesn't refer to a measure.
  Diff:
@@ -12,3 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>preventive measure</gloss>
-<gloss>recurrence prevention</gloss>
-<gloss>relapse prevention</gloss>
+<gloss>preventing recurrence (of)</gloss>
+<gloss>preventing from happening again</gloss>
2. A 2011-08-02 17:33:57  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-02 11:22:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD追加語彙, Eijiro

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jmdict 2752940 Active (id: 2215231)
下家
しもチャシモチャ (nokanji)
1. [n] {mahjong} Source lang: chi(partial) "xiàjiā"
▶ right-hand opponent
▶ player to one's right
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2752950 上家【かみチャ】 1. left-hand opponent; player to one's left
  ⇒ see: 2752960 対面【トイメン】 1. opposite player



History:
20. A 2022-12-08 22:44:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
シャーチャ	  0
19. A* 2022-12-08 18:20:56  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Mainstream mahjong term glossaries don't mention the original Chinese reading.
* https://majandofu.com/mahjong-glossary-shimocha
* https://mahjongcollege.com/term/5645/
* https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/麻雀のルール#プレイヤー

The Encyclopedia Nipponica entry for 麻雀 mentions シャーチャ, but I think having "xiàjiā" in the lsrc field is sufficient.
  Comments:
Probably worthwhile to include the readings in the reference notes since they are ambiguous.
  Diff:
@@ -11,3 +10,0 @@
-<reb>シャーチャ</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -19,2 +16,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2752950">上家</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2752960">対面・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2752950">上家・かみチャ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2752960">対面・トイメン・1</xref>
18. A 2022-12-08 06:20:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I wouldn't object if  シャーチャ was dropped.
17. A* 2022-12-08 02:34:14  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think a [nokanji] tag on シャーチャ is right since it's just the Chinese reading of 下家 rather than an independent surface form. The corresponding Chinese reading on 上家 (シャンチャ) also doesn't have a [nokanji] tag.

I agree with Paul that these entries would be better without the Chinese readings altogether.
  Diff:
@@ -11,2 +11 @@
-<reb>シモチャ</reb>
-<re_nokanji/>
+<reb>シャーチャ</reb>
@@ -15 +14 @@
-<reb>シャーチャ</reb>
+<reb>シモチャ</reb>
@@ -20,2 +19,3 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2752950">上家・シャンチャ</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2752950">上家・シャンチャ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2752950">上家</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2752950">上家</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2752960">対面・1</xref>
16. A 2021-11-30 09:36:03  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -8,3 +7,0 @@
-<reb>シモチャ</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -13,0 +11,4 @@
+<reb>シモチャ</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
@@ -14,0 +16 @@
+<re_nokanji/>
(show/hide 15 older log entries)

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jmdict 2752950 Active (id: 2215222)
上家
かみチャカミチャ (nokanji)
1. [n] {mahjong} Source lang: chi(partial) "shàngjiā"
▶ left-hand opponent
▶ player to one's left
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2752940 下家【しもチャ】 1. right-hand opponent; player to one's right
  ⇒ see: 2752960 対面【トイメン】 1. opposite player



History:
13. A 2022-12-08 20:04:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
シャンチャ.  0
12. A* 2022-12-08 18:22:44  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
See comments on 2752940・下家
  Diff:
@@ -11,3 +10,0 @@
-<reb>シャンチャ</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -19,3 +16,3 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2752940">下家</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2752940">下家</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2752960">対面・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2752940">下家・しもチャ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2752940">下家・しもチャ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2752960">対面・トイメン・1</xref>
11. A 2022-12-08 06:18:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Probably シャンチャ should also be [nokanji].
10. A* 2022-12-08 02:24:42  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
上家 is always read as かみチャ. シャンチャ definitely shouldn't lead.

Adding a "partial" flag to the lsrc, as is the case on 下家.

シモチャ has a [nokanji] tag, so it shouldn't be in the reference note.

Since mahjong is a game played with three other people (上家, 下家, and 対面), maybe a reference to 対面 is appropriate too.
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>シャンチャ</reb>
+<reb>かみチャ</reb>
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<reb>かみチャ</reb>
+<reb>シャンチャ</reb>
@@ -19 +19,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2752940">下家・シモチャ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2752940">下家</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2752960">対面・1</xref>
@@ -21 +22 @@
-<lsource xml:lang="chi">shàngjiā</lsource>
+<lsource xml:lang="chi" ls_type="part">shàngjiā</lsource>
9. A 2021-11-30 06:27:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Messy. We don't split 下家.
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2752940">下家・シモチャ</xref>
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 2754980 Active (id: 2215225)
配牌
はいパイ
1. [n] {mahjong}
▶ starting tiles
▶ initial hand
▶ dealt tiles



History:
5. A 2022-12-08 20:12:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ペイパイ	0
配牌	31626
はいパイ	24
4. A* 2022-12-08 17:58:21  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
The ペイパイ reading seems to originate from the 日本大百科全書 entry on weblio. I don't see it used anywhere else.

I also found one club's website that says the Chinese reading is ペュパイ rather than ペイパイ:
https://www.nihon-majan.org/majyanbanoyougo.html

I think Chinese readings for mahjong terms like this are mostly rather dubious and unnecessary.
  Diff:
@@ -10,3 +9,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>ペイパイ</reb>
-</r_ele>
@@ -15,0 +13,2 @@
+<gloss>starting tiles</gloss>
+<gloss>initial hand</gloss>
3. A 2014-12-21 05:02:14  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15,2 @@
-<gloss>dealt tiles (mahjong)</gloss>
+<field>&mahj;</field>
+<gloss>dealt tiles</gloss>
2. A 2012-10-25 06:17:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-10-24 05:55:16  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
nikk, wiki, 麻雀用語集 (weblio), used in various daijs/daijr 
entries (daijr: 手が悪い
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/配牌

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jmdict 2800150 Active (id: 2215183)

エキナセア
1. [n]
▶ eastern purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea)
▶ purple coneflower
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2800120 【ムラサキバレンギク】 1. eastern purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea); purple coneflower



History:
4. A 2022-12-08 05:45:33  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-12-08 02:08:15  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
紫馬簾菊		293
ムラサキバレンギク	945
  Comments:
ムラサキバレンギク has a [nokanji] tag
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2800120">紫馬簾菊・ムラサキバレンギク</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2800120">ムラサキバレンギク</xref>
2. A 2013-09-17 01:12:27  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
perhaps lsrc
1. A* 2013-09-16 23:17:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD追加語彙
  Comments:
This is the most common name for Echinacea.

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jmdict 2827722 Active (id: 2215166)

チャント
1. [n]
▶ (religious) chant
2. [n]
▶ chant (in a sports game, etc.)
▶ cheer



History:
4. A 2022-12-08 00:52:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-12-07 22:34:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_chant
  Diff:
@@ -9,3 +9 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="1380300">聖歌・せいか</xref>
-<gloss>chant (religious)</gloss>
+<gloss>(religious) chant</gloss>
@@ -15,2 +13,2 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
-<gloss>cheer (e.g. in cheerleading)</gloss>
+<gloss>chant (in a sports game, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>cheer</gloss>
2. A 2015-10-13 23:54:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, リーダーズ+プラス, n-grams
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9,3 @@
-<gloss>chant</gloss>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1380300">聖歌・せいか</xref>
+<gloss>chant (religious)</gloss>
@@ -13 +15,2 @@
-<gloss>cheer (in cheerleading)</gloss>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<gloss>cheer (e.g. in cheerleading)</gloss>
1. A* 2015-10-13 19:01:56  Rauli Häyrynen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/チャント
  Comments:
I don't have a better reference than the Wikipedia article, but I've heard it used in the second sense. Not sure if they are also suru-verbs.

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jmdict 2829080 Active (id: 2215969)
地物
ちぶつ
1. [n]
▶ (geographical) feature (natural or man-made)
▶ object
▶ entity
2. [n] {military}
▶ ground object (that provides cover or concealment)



History:
8. A 2022-12-17 19:48:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2022-12-11 00:32:32  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, koj
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_feature
  Comments:
Wikipedia's description of a "geographical feature" seems to match the kokugos' definitions for 地物 quite closely.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>natural or man-made objects on the earth's surface (trees, hills, rivers, roads, buildings, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>(geographical) feature (natural or man-made)</gloss>
+<gloss>object</gloss>
+<gloss>entity</gloss>
@@ -16 +18,2 @@
-<gloss>object or structure important in a battle, esp. for concealment</gloss>
+<field>&mil;</field>
+<gloss>ground object (that provides cover or concealment)</gloss>
6. A 2022-12-09 22:19:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
They don't actually. Eijiro is a rag-tag collection and while OK for fleshing out glosses can't be relied on greatly. The Weblio site points to lots of sources, some good and some quite poor. You need to dig into them and verify them. For example "planimetric feature" means something on a map. Not much help as a gloss for 地物.
5. A* 2022-12-09 14:10:02  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/地物
https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=地物
  Comments:
Why don't they work? Most JEs use those terms.
4. A 2022-12-08 10:21:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Neither terrestrial nor planimetric work here. I think the previous version was closer to the kokugos.
  Diff:
@@ -12,3 +12 @@
-<gloss>geographical feature</gloss>
-<gloss>terrestrial object</gloss>
-<gloss>planimetric feature</gloss>
+<gloss>natural or man-made objects on the earth's surface (trees, hills, rivers, roads, buildings, etc.)</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2831813 Active (id: 2215169)
花大根
はなだいこんハナダイコン (nokanji)
1. [n]
▶ sweet rocket (Hesperis matronalis)
▶ dame's rocket
▶ dame's violet
▶ damask violet
2. [n]
▶ Chinese violet cress (Orychophragmus violaceus)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2831845 【オオアラセイトウ】 1. Chinese violet cress (Orychophragmus violaceus)



History:
4. A 2022-12-08 01:55:53  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Indeed.
3. A* 2022-12-08 01:43:14  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Since オオアラセイトウ has a [nokanji] tag on it, I think we should either use the hiragana form or drop the kanji form from the reference note.
  Diff:
@@ -23 +23 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2831845">大紫羅欄花・オオアラセイトウ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2831845">オオアラセイトウ</xref>
2. A 2017-04-01 14:38:43  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<gloss>dame's rocket</gloss>
@@ -21,0 +23 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2831845">大紫羅欄花・オオアラセイトウ</xref>
1. A* 2017-03-30 04:04:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, JWN
  Comments:
Poss uk.

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jmdict 2831814 Active (id: 2215170)
紫花菜
むらさきはななムラサキハナナ (nokanji)
1. [n] [uk]
▶ Chinese violet cress (Orychophragmus violaceus)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2831845 【オオアラセイトウ】 1. Chinese violet cress (Orychophragmus violaceus)



History:
4. A 2022-12-08 01:56:14  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-12-08 01:44:12  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Since オオアラセイトウ has a [nokanji] tag on it, I think we should either use the hiragana form or drop the kanji form from the reference note.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2831845">大紫羅欄花・オオアラセイトウ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2831845">オオアラセイトウ</xref>
2. A 2017-04-01 14:55:41  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/オオアラセイトウ
https://www.kagiken.co.jp/new/kojimachi/hana-murasaki-hanana_large.html
----
Google hits:
ムラサキハナナ:  84k
紫花菜:         49k
  Comments:
An alternative name for Orychophragmus violaceus only.
  Diff:
@@ -16,8 +16,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2831813">花大根・1</xref>
-<gloss>sweet rocket (Hesperis matronalis)</gloss>
-<gloss>dame's violet</gloss>
-<gloss>damask violet</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2831813">花大根・2</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2831845">大紫羅欄花・オオアラセイトウ</xref>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
1. A* 2017-03-30 04:08:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 (points to 花大根 entry. I assume it's both senses.)

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jmdict 2833159 Active (id: 2215182)

アルダブラゾウガメ
1. [n]
▶ Aldabra giant tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2464770 【ゾウガメ】 1. giant tortoise



History:
4. A 2022-12-08 05:45:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-12-08 02:06:50  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
象亀	814
ゾウガメ	18,788
  Comments:
ゾウガメ has a [nokanji] tag
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2464770">象亀・ゾウガメ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2464770">ゾウガメ</xref>
2. A 2017-08-13 08:53:48  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2017-08-11 17:04:07  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/アルダブラゾウガメ
eij
  Comments:
Almost no hits for "アルダブラ象亀".

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jmdict 2856828 Active (id: 2215970)
ごめんで済むなら警察はいらない
ごめんですむならけいさつはいらない
1. [exp]
▶ just saying sorry isn't enough
▶ sorry won't cut it
▶ [lit] if "sorry" were all it took (to settle things), we wouldn't need police



History:
9. A 2022-12-17 19:52:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Marginal, but I guess it's worth keeping.
8. A* 2022-12-10 21:58:04  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
We should have a lit gloss. But I'm not sure this is needed as an entry.
There are many variations (済むなら/済んだら/済めば, いらん/いりません/etc., without and without the は). ごめんで済んだら警察はいらない appears to be the most common form on Twitter.
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss g_type="lit">if "sorry" were all it took (to settle things), we wouldn't need police</gloss>
7. A 2022-12-08 07:01:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Quiet.
6. A* 2022-12-01 05:09:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A 2022-12-01 05:08:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'll approve it pro tempore, then reopen for a bit. Should it be [col]? And would a literal translation help?
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<gloss>just saying sorry isn't enough</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 2856904 Active (id: 2215236)
ミミズ千匹ミミズ1000匹
ミミズせんびき
1. [n] [vulg,sl]
▶ thousand earthworms (as a description for a vagina that has many folds and provides extraordinary pleasure during intercourse)



History:
9. A 2022-12-09 01:18:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I was going to say "quite a mouthful", but I won't.
8. A* 2022-12-08 23:59:49  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think it needs to be glossed like this.
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>vagina with many folds and significant movement during intercourse</gloss>
+<gloss>thousand earthworms (as a description for a vagina that has many folds and provides extraordinary pleasure during intercourse)</gloss>
7. A* 2022-12-08 10:54:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.weblio.jp/content/ミミズ千匹 - 膣内の襞の数が夥しくて、よく動くさまを指す表現。いわゆる名器の一つとされる。
  Comments:
I think it should stay, but getting a succinct gloss is a challenge. I had problems with the first version - once I realized it didn't refer to a cat I thought it meant the visual appearance of someone's pudenda. Reading the Wikipedia entry gives a clearer but rather wordy explanation. I've tried to summarise Jitsuyou's version.
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>active female genitalia</gloss>
+<gloss>vagina with many folds and significant movement during intercourse</gloss>
6. A* 2022-12-06 13:21:17 
  Comments:
I think it should be kept, but the gloss needs to be understandable which it currently is not.
5. A* 2022-12-05 23:59:54  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'm not yet convinced this is needed. Wikipedia describes it as a "...女性器を形容する言葉".
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2856962 Active (id: 2215198)

キーンきーんきいん
1. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ with a screech
▶ with a whine
▶ with a shrill
▶ with a ringing (in the ears)
2. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ with a sharp pain (in the head or teeth after eating or drinking something cold)
▶ getting a brain freeze
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2829694 アイスクリーム頭痛 1. ice-cream headache; brain freeze; cold-stimulus headache



History:
5. A 2022-12-08 06:40:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2022-12-07 22:08:04  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://tateno-shika.com/general/perception/001.php
https://moriya-shika.jp/blog/歯が「キーン!」とすることってありませんか?/
https://www.morii-dc.com/blog/浩太先生のお口の疑問解決講座/666/
  Comments:
Teeth as well.
  Diff:
@@ -27,2 +27 @@
-<s_inf>as 頭がキーンとする, 頭がキーンとなる, etc.</s_inf>
-<gloss>with a stinging pain (from an ice-cream headache)</gloss>
+<gloss>with a sharp pain (in the head or teeth after eating or drinking something cold)</gloss>
3. A* 2022-12-07 11:55:43  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs, prog, luminous
  Comments:
Not a noun.
  Diff:
@@ -14,4 +14,7 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>screech</gloss>
-<gloss>whine</gloss>
-<gloss>high-pitched sound</gloss>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
+<gloss>with a screech</gloss>
+<gloss>with a whine</gloss>
+<gloss>with a shrill</gloss>
+<gloss>with a ringing (in the ears)</gloss>
@@ -20 +23,2 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
@@ -22,2 +26,4 @@
-<gloss>brain freeze headache</gloss>
-<gloss>ice-cream headache</gloss>
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
+<s_inf>as 頭がキーンとする, 頭がキーンとなる, etc.</s_inf>
+<gloss>with a stinging pain (from an ice-cream headache)</gloss>
+<gloss>getting a brain freeze</gloss>
2. A 2022-12-07 06:41:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
きーん	21954  - GG5, ルミナス
キーン	161305 - Daijs   (many false positives from names)
きいん	8818 - Daijs
頭がキーン	4075
頭キーン	877
頭がきーん	270
頭きーん	34
  Comments:
This needs to be 3 entries. I'll split キーン, etc. out here and propose the others.
  Diff:
@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>キーン</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>頭がキーン</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>頭キーン</keb>
-</k_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>キーン</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>きーん</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -16,6 +13,6 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>あたまがきいん</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>あたまきいん</reb>
-</r_ele>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>screech</gloss>
+<gloss>whine</gloss>
+<gloss>high-pitched sound</gloss>
+</sense>
@@ -25 +22 @@
-<misc>&col;</misc>
+<gloss>brain freeze headache</gloss>
@@ -27,2 +23,0 @@
-<gloss>brain freeze</gloss>
-<gloss>cold-stimulus headache</gloss>
1. A* 2022-12-07 02:32:59  John Knox <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
For "キーン":

* From デジタル大辞泉 via:
https://www.weblio.jp/content/キーン
https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/きいん/#jn-300441
See definition #2: "冷たいものを急いで食べたり飲んだりしたときに、頭に痛みを感じるさま。→アイスクリーム頭痛"
* https://www.glico.com/jp/health/contents/bokujoshibori12/
* https://m.facebook.com/nihongoflashcards/posts/2229484497295753/

--------------------------------------
For "頭がキーン":

* https://peta-eri.com/brain-freeze
* https://www.wanikani.com/vocabulary/井戸 (see parallel translation in "Context")

--------------------------------------
For "頭キーン":

* https://www.yorimichi-life.com/ice-cream-headache/
* https://englishnotes.jp/brain-freeze/ (form without が in the examples and summary definition.)* 
* https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=頭キーン (e.g. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJhM5NksKmk (which goes into an explanation of the phenomenon), or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFeh708NRaA which provides a parallel English translation in the title)
* https://twitter.com/search?q=頭キーン&src=typed_query
  Comments:
I can't find much by way of solid established references on the phrasal versions here, especially without "が" as I encountered it, but I came across this term while reading, and some basic searches among colloquial sources (YouTube, Twitter, etc) and some study guides seem to seem to bring up solid evidence for the meaning here with all three readings I'm including.

It seems pretty clear that "頭キーン" comes from "頭がキーン" with "キーン" itself having a good definition in the デジタル大辞泉 (see references) pointing towards "アイスクリーム頭痛" / "ice cream headache"  as a synonym. It calls the part of speech as an adverb though, which seems odd for the headache itself, which I'd think was noun (as "アイスクリーム頭痛" is listed in EDICT, or "ice cream headache" is in English), so I listed it here as such.

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jmdict 2856966 Active (id: 2215210)
鑑賞券
かんしょうけん
1. [n]
▶ admission ticket (e.g. for a movie)



History:
2. A 2022-12-08 10:31:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Reverso
  Comments:
Odd term - quite common and not in references. Certainly not A+B.
1. A* 2022-12-07 07:16:16  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
eij
  Comments:
鑑賞券	295885

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jmdict 2856967 Active (id: 2215234)
臨時雇用
りんじこよう
1. [n]
▶ temporary employment



History:
3. A 2022-12-09 00:21:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/一時雇用
一時雇用(いちじこよう、英: Temporary employment)、臨時雇用(りんじこよう)とは、固定期間契約のもとで仕事を行う雇用形態である。常時雇用の対義語。
  Comments:
I agree.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>臨時的雇用</keb>
+<keb>臨時雇用</keb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>りんじてきこよう</reb>
+<reb>りんじこよう</reb>
2. A* 2022-12-08 06:36:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
臨時的雇用	535
臨時的な雇用	908
臨時雇用	22135  <- KOD
臨時の雇用	257
  Comments:
Not sure this is a lot of use. Probably better changed to 臨時雇用 which is 40 times more common.
1. A* 2022-12-07 12:31:27  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/臨時的雇用-3017192
  Comments:
Not sure if there is an official translation for this.

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jmdict 2856968 Active (id: 2215451)
承久の乱
じょうきゅうのらん
1. [n] [hist]
▶ Jōkyū War (1221)
▶ Jōkyū Disturbance
▶ Jōkyū Rebellion



History:
8. A 2022-12-11 19:52:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'll work that into the policy and tidy up the entries.
7. A* 2022-12-11 11:39:59  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I agree. Probably worth adding to the editorial policy.
6. A* 2022-12-10 04:32:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'm not sure we have a firm policy - probably we should. Some pre-1000 dates don't have "CE", e.g. the 五代十国/五代 entries. 1000 CE seems a reasonable break point.
5. A* 2022-12-10 02:32:40  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
`grep -E "[0-9]{4} CE" JMdict`
pulls up about a couple dozen glosses on the current JMdict file
4. A* 2022-12-10 02:16:26  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
I was just going off of 承久の変. That one might need aligning too, if that's the case.
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2856969 Active (id: 2215308)
合区
ごうく
1. [n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ merging of administrative or electoral districts

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2022-12-10 00:03:05  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I see plenty of examples of both in online results.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
2. A 2022-12-08 06:26:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijs
合区	3747
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>merging of administrative or political districts</gloss>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<gloss>merging of administrative or electoral districts</gloss>
1. A* 2022-12-07 14:33:06  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/合区-666163
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/合区

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jmdict 2856970 Deleted (id: 2215235)
ビー公
ビーこう
1. [n] [hist,sl]
▶ B-29 bomber



History:
3. D 2022-12-09 00:28:39  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I agree.
2. A* 2022-12-08 06:03:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ビー公	23
  Comments:
Not many WWW hits and most are false positives. I don't think this makes it.
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>びいこう</reb>
+<reb>ビーこう</reb>
@@ -12 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>B-29 bomber (derogatory) (slang)</gloss>
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
+<misc>&sl;</misc>
+<gloss>B-29 bomber</gloss>
1. A* 2022-12-07 17:59:11  Rune Foonman <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://b2b.partcommunity.com/community/knowledge/ja/detail/3737/B-29+(航空機)
http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/~heikiseikatsu/rekisi/b_kou.htm
  Comments:
This is a historical term, no longer in popular use, but might be nice to include for completeness.

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jmdict 2856971 Active (id: 2215191)
予防措置
よぼうそち
1. [n]
▶ preventive measure
▶ precautionary measure
▶ precaution



History:
2. A 2022-12-08 06:21:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-12-07 23:11:24  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, eij, RP, reverso

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jmdict 2856972 Active (id: 2215186)
提供元
ていきょうもと
1. [n]
▶ original source
▶ provider
▶ supplier



History:
2. A 2022-12-08 05:56:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
提供元企業等に帰属  4681722
Reverso
  Comments:
2/3 of the n-grams are from that stock phrase.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@
+<gloss>provider</gloss>
+<gloss>supplier</gloss>
1. A* 2022-12-07 23:34:30  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://www.weblio.jp/content/提供元
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/提供元
  Comments:
提供元	6999427

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jmdict 2856973 Active (id: 2215232)
縦幅たて幅 [sK] タテ幅 [sK]
たてはば
1. [n]
▶ vertical length
▶ height



History:
3. A 2022-12-08 22:50:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Unidic (n), RP has it for "dip" (as in "dip in the road"). Reverso has things like "vertical width" which seems very 直訳.
2. A* 2022-12-08 16:39:18  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
sankoku 7e: 上下の長さ。「文字の━・国旗の━」(↔横幅)

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 縦幅   │ 37,204 │ 97.9% │
│ たて幅  │    401 │  1.1% │
│ タテ幅  │    352 │  0.9% │
│ たてはば │     32 │  0.1% │
╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,8 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>たて幅</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>タテ幅</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -12 +20,2 @@
-<gloss>???</gloss>
+<gloss>vertical length</gloss>
+<gloss>height</gloss>
1. A* 2022-12-08 14:38:21 

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jmnedict 5021625 Active (id: 2216053)

カスティーヨカスティーリョカスティリョカスティヨカスティージョ
1. [surname]
▶ Castillo



History:
4. A 2022-12-18 08:00:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-12-18 07:15:41  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/097f7ab096fbc69a85a872735ae8b8b91ad0c263
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>カスティージョ</reb>
2. A 2022-12-08 05:12:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
カスティーリョ	2120
カスティヨ	66
カスティーヨ	3108
カスティリョ	80
  Comments:
Merging the others.
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,9 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>カスティーリョ</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>カスティリョ</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>カスティヨ</reb>
1. A* 2022-12-07 23:36:51  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<misc>&unclass;</misc>
+<misc>&surname;</misc>

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jmnedict 5021629 Deleted (id: 2215179)

カスティーリョ
1. [unclass]
▶ Castillo



History:
1. D 2022-12-08 05:12:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Merged

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jmnedict 5021638 Deleted (id: 2215180)

カスティリョ
1. [unclass]
▶ Castilho



History:
1. D 2022-12-08 05:13:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Merged

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jmnedict 5076076 Active (id: 2215181)

ペドロ
1. [male,surname]
▶ Pedro



History:
2. A 2022-12-08 05:13:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-12-07 23:37:07  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8,2 @@
-<misc>&unclass;</misc>
+<misc>&male;</misc>
+<misc>&surname;</misc>

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jmnedict 5263461 Active (id: 2215205)
後鳥羽
ごとば
1. [person]
▶ Gotoba (emperor)



History:
2. A 2022-12-08 06:55:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Gotoba (emporer)</gloss>
+<gloss>Gotoba (emperor)</gloss>
1. A 2022-12-08 06:50:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Go Toba</gloss>
+<gloss>Gotoba (emporer)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5263462 Active (id: 2215199)
後鳥羽院
ごとばいん
1. [person]
▶ ex-Emperor Gotoba



History:
1. A 2022-12-08 06:47:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,2 +11,2 @@
-<misc>&unclass;</misc>
-<gloss>Gotobain</gloss>
+<misc>&person;</misc>
+<gloss>ex-Emperor Gotoba</gloss>

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jmnedict 5263463 Active (id: 2215201)
後鳥羽上皇
ごとばじょうこう
1. [person]
▶ Emperor Gotoba (1180-1239 CE, reigning: 1183-1198 CE)



History:
3. A 2022-12-08 06:49:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK. Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -11,2 +11,2 @@
-<misc>&unclass;</misc>
-<gloss>Gotobajoukou</gloss>
+<misc>&person;</misc>
+<gloss>Emperor Gotoba (1180-1239 CE, reigning: 1183-1198 CE)</gloss>
2. D* 2022-12-07 14:33:31  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
後鳥羽	        18504	  
後鳥羽上皇	15111	   
後鳥羽天皇	3780  <- in jmnedict
  Comments:
Interesting that this is more common than 後鳥羽天皇. Might be worth keeping.
1. D* 2022-12-07 12:33:52  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
後鳥羽(後鳥羽天皇)+上皇

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jmnedict 5263464 Active (id: 2215200)
後鳥羽天皇
ごとばてんのう
1. [person]
▶ Emperor Gotoba
▶ Gotoba Tenno (1180-1239 CE, reigning: 1183-1198 CE)



History:
1. A 2022-12-08 06:48:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>Emperor Go-Toba</gloss>
-<gloss>Go-Toba Tenno (1180-1239 CE, reigning: 1183-1198 CE)</gloss>
+<gloss>Emperor Gotoba</gloss>
+<gloss>Gotoba Tenno (1180-1239 CE, reigning: 1183-1198 CE)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5263465 Active (id: 2215203)
後鳥羽天皇火葬塚
ごとばてんのうかそうずか
1. [place]
▶ cremation mound of Emperor Gotoba



History:
1. A 2022-12-08 06:53:10  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Gotobatennoukasouzuka</gloss>
+<gloss>cremation mound of Emperor Gotoba</gloss>

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jmnedict 5263466 Active (id: 2215204)
後鳥羽天皇陵
ごとばてんのうりょう
1. [place]
▶ tomb of Emperor Gotoba



History:
1. A 2022-12-08 06:54:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Gotobatennouryou</gloss>
+<gloss>tomb of Emperor Gotoba</gloss>

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