JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1005860 Active (id: 2218529)

じっくり [ichi1]

1.

[adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ (slowly and) carefully
▶ without haste
▶ thoroughly
▶ deliberately
▶ closely
▶ meticulously

History:

10.	A 2023-01-08 20:57:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2023-01-08 17:07:11 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog, luminous gg5: いかに生きるべきかをじっくり(と)説いて聞かせる　explain at length [slowly and carefully, deliberately] the right rules for living
	Comments:	I think this works. I don't think "deliberately" should lead.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@ +<gloss>(slowly and) carefully</gloss> +<gloss>without haste</gloss> +<gloss>thoroughly</gloss> @@ -13 +16 @@ -<gloss>carefully</gloss> +<gloss>closely</gloss> @@ -15,2 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>thoroughly</gloss> -<gloss>without rushing</gloss>
8.	A 2023-01-07 11:37:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	However most references have "carefully" without "slowly and". It doesn't have to be slow.
7.	A* 2023-01-06 11:33:28
	Comments:	"X and Y" is actually a really helpful way of glossing many adverbs and adjectives. An initial gloss like that puts the reader to the right frame of mind right at the start.
6.	A 2023-01-06 04:03:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 中辞典, etc.
	Comments:	Removing repetition. My refs don't support the last 3.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>slowly and carefully</gloss> +<gloss>carefully</gloss> @@ -17,3 +16,0 @@ -<gloss>perfectly</gloss> -<gloss>properly</gloss> -<gloss>well</gloss>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A* 2022-12-21 11:14:35 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ウィズダム英和辞典 / ウィズダム和英辞典スーパー大辞林 https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/じっくり/#jn-98266
	Comments:	added definitions
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>carefully</gloss> +<gloss>slowly and carefully</gloss> +<gloss>meticulously</gloss> @@ -15,0 +17,3 @@ +<gloss>perfectly</gloss> +<gloss>properly</gloss> +<gloss>well</gloss>
4.	A 2013-06-05 23:27:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-06-05 11:35:27 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ALC: じっくり【副】 critically good thoroughly . "thoroughly" is the first word given in Genius WaEi's definition: thoroughly; closely . Example: 一晩かけてゆっくり溶解することで、角質層の奥からじっくり肌に潤いを補給。 (this is a skin treatment which is applied as a patch and left on overnight)
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@ +<gloss>thoroughly</gloss>
2.	A 2011-07-01 16:20:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-07-01 15:20:38 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 大辞林、広辞苑
	Comments:	Emphasis on not rushing
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@ +<gloss>without rushing</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1011320 Active (id: 2216690)

へたばる

1.

[v5r,vi]
▶ to be exhausted
▶ to be tired out
▶ to be worn out
▶ to collapse (from exhaustion)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2553580 へたる 2. to be exhausted; to lose strength; to lose one's abilities
	⇐ see: 2837024 ヘタレる 2. to be worn out; to be exhausted

2.

[v5r,vi]
▶ to be discouraged
▶ to lose heart
▶ to give in

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2022-12-22 23:31:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, luminous
	Comments:	"dead tired" feels too informal to me.
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<gloss>to be dead tired</gloss> +<gloss>to be tired out</gloss> @@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>to give in</gloss>
2.	A 2022-12-21 23:21:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	I don't think adverbs in brackets add a lot here. Also, I don't both "slump done" and "collapse" are needed.
	Diff:	@@ -10,2 +10,2 @@ -<gloss>to be (completely) exhausted</gloss> -<gloss>to be (dead) tired</gloss> +<gloss>to be exhausted</gloss> +<gloss>to be dead tired</gloss> @@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<gloss>to slump down (from exhaustion)</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-12-21 02:57:39 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/へたばる/#jn-199047 スーパー大辞林
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10,2 @@ -<gloss>to be exhausted</gloss> +<gloss>to be (completely) exhausted</gloss> +<gloss>to be (dead) tired</gloss> @@ -11,0 +13,8 @@ +<gloss>to slump down (from exhaustion)</gloss> +<gloss>to collapse (from exhaustion)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to be discouraged</gloss> +<gloss>to lose heart</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1114580 Active (id: 2291016)

ブルドーザー [gai2] ；ブルドーザ [sk] ；ブルトーザー [sk]

1.

[n]
▶ bulldozer

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1114300 ブル 4. bulldozer

History:

4.	A 2024-02-04 08:12:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2024-02-04 06:22:19 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ブルドーザー 72908 79.4% ブルドーザ 10760 11.7% ブルトーザー 8115 8.8%
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,5 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ブルトーザー</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
2.	A 2022-12-21 21:40:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-12-20 06:46:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ブルドーザー 72908 87.1% ブルドーザ 10760 12.9%
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ブルドーザ</reb> +</r_ele>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1154780 Active (id: 2216558)
案じる [news2,nf40] ；按じる
【あんじる [news2,nf40] 】

1.

(案じる only) [v1,vt]
▶ to be anxious (about)
▶ to be concerned (about)
▶ to worry (about)
▶ to fear

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1586940 案ずる 1. to be anxious (about); to be concerned (about); to worry (about); to fear

2.

[v1,vt]
▶ to think out (e.g. a plan)
▶ to work out
▶ to devise
▶ to consider
▶ to ponder

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2396010 一計を案じる 1. to devise a plan; to work out a plan

3.

[v1,vt]
▶ to investigate

4.

(按じる only) [v1,vt]
▶ to stroke
▶ to rub
▶ to pat
▶ to grasp (the hilt of one's sword)

Conjugations

History:

12.	A 2022-12-21 20:33:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11.	A* 2022-12-20 11:48:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	"investigate" is a separate sense in the refs. GG5, daijr and koj have it for 按ずる only. Meikyo has it for 案ずる only. Daijs, nikk and shinmeikai have it for both.
	Diff:	@@ -22,3 +22,3 @@ -<gloss>to be anxious or concerned about</gloss> -<gloss>to worry about</gloss> -<gloss>to ponder (anxiously)</gloss> +<gloss>to be anxious (about)</gloss> +<gloss>to be concerned (about)</gloss> +<gloss>to worry (about)</gloss> @@ -30 +29,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1586940">案ずる・2</xref> @@ -31,0 +31,9 @@ +<gloss>to think out (e.g. a plan)</gloss> +<gloss>to work out</gloss> +<gloss>to devise</gloss> +<gloss>to consider</gloss> +<gloss>to ponder</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -33,2 +40,0 @@ -<gloss>to consider</gloss> -<gloss>to plan</gloss> @@ -39,0 +46,2 @@ +<gloss>to stroke</gloss> +<gloss>to rub</gloss> @@ -41,2 +49 @@ -<gloss>to rub</gloss> -<gloss>to take a sword in one's hand</gloss> +<gloss>to grasp (the hilt of one's sword)</gloss>
10.	A 2022-12-19 03:42:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2022-12-19 03:32:50
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/案じる/#je-2270
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>to worry about</gloss>
8.	A 2022-05-31 12:40:03 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	rK is not really appropriate here actually because it's the only valid kanji for sense 3.
	Diff:	@@ -11 +10,0 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A 2022-05-31 09:14:03 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-05-31 06:17:22 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts 31,405 98.7% 案じる 134 0.4% 按じる 275 0.9% あんじる
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
5.	A 2010-07-31 08:21:47 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2010-07-29 07:12:31 Paul Blay <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Re-opening for checks & comments.
3.	A 2010-07-29 07:12:07 Paul Blay <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Approving x-refs will work
2.	A* 2010-07-29 07:09:26 Paul Blay <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	新和英中辞典
	Diff:	@@ -31,0 +31,4 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1586940">案ずる・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1586940">案ずる・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1586940">案ずる・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2396010">一計を案じる</xref>
1.	A* 2010-07-29 05:04:34 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	copying from 案ずる
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>按じる</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -15,0 +18,1 @@ +<stagk>案じる</stagk> @@ -17,2 +21,21 @@ -<gloss>to be anxious</gloss> -<gloss>to ponder</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1586940">案ずる・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1586940">案ずる・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1586940">案ずる・1</xref> +<gloss>to be anxious or concerned about</gloss> +<gloss>to ponder (anxiously)</gloss> +<gloss>to fear</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to investigate</gloss> +<gloss>to consider</gloss> +<gloss>to plan</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagk>按じる</stagk> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to pat</gloss> +<gloss>to rub</gloss> +<gloss>to take a sword in one's hand</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1212630 Active (id: 2216689)
感銘 [ichi1,news1,nf19] ；肝銘 [rK]
【かんめい [ichi1,news1,nf19] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ deep impression
▶ being deeply moved
▶ being deeply touched

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2022-12-22 23:23:55 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Better without brackets.
	Diff:	@@ -25,2 +25,2 @@ -<gloss>(being) deeply moved</gloss> -<gloss>(being) deeply touched</gloss> +<gloss>being deeply moved</gloss> +<gloss>being deeply touched</gloss>
5.	A 2022-12-21 20:27:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	Noun
	Diff:	@@ -25,2 +25,2 @@ -<gloss>deeply moved</gloss> -<gloss>deeply touched</gloss> +<gloss>(being) deeply moved</gloss> +<gloss>(being) deeply touched</gloss>
4.	A* 2022-12-21 09:44:11 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/感銘/#je-15147
	Comments:	added definitions
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25,2 @@ +<gloss>deeply moved</gloss> +<gloss>deeply touched</gloss>
3.	A 2022-05-03 02:54:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2022-05-03 02:11:10 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts 467,677 99.1% 感銘 384 0.1% 肝銘 3,777 0.8% かんめい
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2021-11-18 00:35:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1269530 Active (id: 2216681)
後釜；後がま [sK]
【あとがま】

1.	[n] ▶ successor ▶ replacement
2.	[n] ▶ second wife

History:

4.	A 2022-12-22 22:54:37 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3.	A 2022-12-21 22:06:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2022-12-21 21:42:52 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 後釜　　 │ 68,357 │ 91.8% │ │ 後がま　 │ 4,028 │ 5.4% │ 🡠 adding (jitsuyou) │ 後ガマ　 │ 353 │ 0.5% │ │ あとがま │ 1,748 │ 2.3% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>後がま</keb>
1.	A 2015-01-31 11:01:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,3 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1291140 Active (id: 2216559)
差し掛かる [ichi1,news2,nf39] ；差しかかる；差し掛る
【さしかかる [ichi1,news2,nf39] 】

1.	[v5r,vi] ▶ to come near (to) ▶ to approach
2.	[v5r,vi] ▶ to be on the verge of ▶ to be about to reach (a stage, period, etc.) ▶ to approach (e.g. a climax)
3.	[v5r,vi] ▶ to overhang ▶ to hang over

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2022-12-21 20:34:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2022-12-21 15:20:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think "be almost here" works. The thing that's about to occur takes に, not が.
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25 @@ -<gloss>to come near</gloss> +<gloss>to come near (to)</gloss> @@ -32,3 +32,2 @@ -<gloss>to be about to</gloss> -<gloss>to approach (e.g. a certain time)</gloss> -<gloss>to be almost here</gloss> +<gloss>to be about to reach (a stage, period, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to approach (e.g. a climax)</gloss>
7.	A 2022-12-19 10:48:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-12-19 10:46:29 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/差し掛かる/#je-28960
	Diff:	@@ -32,0 +33,2 @@ +<gloss>to approach (e.g. a certain time)</gloss> +<gloss>to be almost here</gloss>
5.	A 2019-03-27 04:19:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2019-03-25 06:01:05 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijs
	Comments:	adding two senses adding [vi]
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24,2 @@ -<gloss>to come near to</gloss> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to come near</gloss> @@ -26,0 +28,12 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to be on the verge of</gloss> +<gloss>to be about to</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to overhang</gloss> +<gloss>to hang over</gloss> +</sense>
3.	A 2015-05-19 12:07:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google n-grams (larger, later) have the kanji forms in front: 差し掛かる 58873 差しかかる 7156 差し掛る 138 さしかかる 55505
	Diff:	@@ -24 +23,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc>
2.	A* 2015-05-19 07:10:53
	Refs:	差しかかる 590
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>差しかかる</keb>
1.	A* 2015-05-19 07:10:02
	Refs:	n-grams 差し掛かる 2694 差し掛る 9 さしかかる 4031
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1296360 Active (id: 2216568)
際立つ [ichi1,news1,nf20] ；際だつ
【きわだつ [ichi1,news1,nf20] 】

1.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to be prominent
▶ to be conspicuous
▶ to stand out
▶ to be outstanding
▶ to be remarkable
▶ to be striking
▶ to be notable

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2022-12-21 22:24:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-12-21 13:28:21
	Refs:	ウィズダム英和辞典 / ウィズダム和英辞典
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25,4 @@ +<gloss>to be outstanding</gloss> +<gloss>to be remarkable</gloss> +<gloss>to be striking</gloss> +<gloss>to be notable</gloss>
5.	A 2022-10-02 04:09:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -22 +21,0 @@ -<gloss>to stand out</gloss> @@ -24,0 +24 @@ +<gloss>to stand out</gloss>
4.	A* 2022-10-02 01:42:44 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/際立つ/#je-18800
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<gloss>to stand out</gloss>
3.	A 2018-06-25 18:37:06 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2013-11-28 08:11:56 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-11-28 05:05:29 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog example, ALC n-grams
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>際だつ</keb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1298890 Active (id: 2216789)
擦り付ける；なすり付ける [sK] ；擦りつける [sK] ；擦付ける [sK]
【なすりつける】

1.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to rub (on)
▶ to wipe
▶ to daub
▶ to smear

2.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to lay (the blame on someone)
▶ to pin
▶ to shift

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2086270 擦る【なする】 2. to lay the blame on

Conjugations

History:

15.	A 2022-12-23 21:32:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
14.	A* 2022-12-23 21:24:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, wisdom
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -25,3 +26,4 @@ -<gloss>to rub on</gloss> -<gloss>to rub against</gloss> -<gloss>to wipe on</gloss> +<gloss>to rub (on)</gloss> +<gloss>to wipe</gloss> +<gloss>to daub</gloss> +<gloss>to smear</gloss> @@ -33 +35,3 @@ -<gloss>to lay the blame on</gloss> +<gloss>to lay (the blame on someone)</gloss> +<gloss>to pin</gloss> +<gloss>to shift</gloss>
13.	A 2022-12-22 10:28:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
12.	A* 2022-12-21 23:58:25 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Okay, I'll drop the こす* and す* forms from this entry and propose that we restore entry 1595860. I don't see "to nuzzle against" used in any of the kokugo/JE examples for なすりつける. I think that meaning might only apply to すりつける and こすりつける. It seems sense [1] for なすりつける is used more in the sense of rubbing dirt onto clothes, ointment onto a wound, paint onto a canvas, etc. Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮ │ 鼻をこすりつけ │ 873 │ 75.5% │ │ 鼻をすりつけ　 │ 263 │ 22.8% │ │ 鼻をなすりつけ │ 20 │ 1.7% │ - "nuzzle against" usage is rare for なすりつける ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯ ╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 罪をなすりつけ　 │ 4,509 │ 61.7% │ │ 罪を擦り付け　　 │ 2,259 │ 30.9% │ - 擦り付ける seems to be the most common kanji form │ 罪をなすり付け　 │ 432 │ 5.9% │ │ 罪を擦りつけ　　 │ 113 │ 1.5% │ │ 罪を擦付け　　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ ├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤ │ 責任をなすりつけ │ 5,889 │ 66.9% │ │ 責任を擦り付け　 │ 2,172 │ 24.7% │ │ 責任をなすり付け │ 592 │ 6.7% │ │ 責任を擦りつけ　 │ 146 │ 1.7% │ │ 責任を擦付け　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ ╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
	Comments:	I see two example sentences in tatoeba for なすりつける: 彼らは私に責任をなすりつけた。彼は責任を友人になすりつけた。 and two for すりつける: ネコは彼女に顔をすりつける。お前の鼻をクソに擦りつけてやった。
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>擦りつける</keb> +<keb>なすり付ける</keb> @@ -11,10 +11,2 @@ -<keb>すり付ける</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>摩り付ける</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>摺り付ける</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>摩りつける</keb> +<keb>擦りつける</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -23,0 +16 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -27,10 +19,0 @@ -<re_restr>擦り付ける</re_restr> -<re_restr>擦りつける</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>すりつける</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>こすりつける</reb> -<re_restr>擦り付ける</re_restr> -<re_restr>擦りつける</re_restr> @@ -45 +27,0 @@ -<gloss>to nuzzle against (e.g. dog nosing a person)</gloss> @@ -48 +29,0 @@ -<stagr>なすりつける</stagr> @@ -53,8 +33,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<stagr>すりつける</stagr> -<stagr>こすりつける</stagr> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to strike (a match)</gloss>
11.	A* 2022-12-21 22:18:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, probably a good idea to reverse the 2012 merge and add the extra forms. Can you set it up?
(show/hide 10 older log entries)
10.	A* 2022-12-20 18:25:20 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 擦り付け　 │ 48,494 │ 25.2% │ - │ こすり付け │ 15,329 │ 8.0% │ - not in this entry │ 擦りつけ　 │ 14,840 │ 7.7% │ - │ なすり付け │ 5,296 │ 2.7% │ - not in this entry │ すり付け　 │ 1,826 │ 0.9% │ - │ 摺り付け　 │ 530 │ 0.3% │ - │ 摺りつけ　 │ 356 │ 0.2% │ - not in this entry │ 摩り付け　 │ 145 │ 0.1% │ - │ 摺付け　　 │ 93 │ 0.0% │ - not in this entry │ 擦付け　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ - │ 摩付け　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ - not in this entry │ 摩りつけ　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ - │ なすりつけ │ 46,520 │ 24.1% │ │ こすりつけ │ 47,625 │ 24.7% │ │ すりつけ　 │ 11,652 │ 6.0% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	I think it'd be useful to have こすり付ける and なすり付ける in JMdict, but this entry is already about to burst. Splitting なすりつける into a separate entry seems like it would simplify things immensely.
9.	A 2015-08-28 01:52:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	kinda bad, yeah
8.	A* 2015-08-17 10:09:08 luce
	Refs:	n-grams 擦り付ける 1138 擦りつける 722 すり付ける 31 摩り付ける 10 摺り付ける 11 摩りつける 2 擦付ける No matches なすりつける 980 すりつける 269 こすりつける 1396 - 擦り付け 2915 擦りつけ 1715 なすりつけ 2285 すりつけ 900 こすりつけ 3956 prog has すり付ける and なすり付ける eij has all-kana and ～付ける forms
	Comments:	I think this is quite messy after the merge
	Diff:	@@ -40,0 +41 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -49,0 +51 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -56,0 +59 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
7.	A 2012-07-21 23:04:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2012-07-19 20:52:10 Scott
	Comments:	You missed that one
	Diff:	@@ -44,0 +44,1 @@ +<gloss>to nuzzle against (e.g. dog nosing a person)</gloss>
5.	A 2012-07-11 13:49:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2012-07-09 18:16:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	merge. borderline of what we can get away with, i think
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,15 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>すり付ける</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>摩り付ける</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>摺り付ける</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>摩りつける</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>擦付ける</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -12,0 +27,10 @@ +<re_restr>擦り付ける</re_restr> +<re_restr>擦りつける</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>すりつける</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>こすりつける</reb> +<re_restr>擦り付ける</re_restr> +<re_restr>擦りつける</re_restr> @@ -16,1 +41,1 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1595860">擦り付ける・すりつける・1</xref> +<gloss>to rub on</gloss> @@ -18,0 +43,1 @@ +<gloss>to wipe on</gloss> @@ -20,0 +46,1 @@ +<stagr>なすりつける</stagr> @@ -22,1 +49,0 @@ -<gloss>to blame another</gloss> @@ -25,0 +51,7 @@ +<sense> +<stagr>すりつける</stagr> +<stagr>こすりつける</stagr> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to strike (a match)</gloss> +</sense>
3.	A* 2012-07-02 14:54:51 Scott
	Comments:	But they don't share the second meaning. Nor the "to strike (a match)" meaning. I feel like it's simpler to keep entries separate when possible. Huge merged entries are a mess for both users and editors. And gg5/koj/daijr don't merge.
2.	A* 2012-06-28 03:13:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5
	Comments:	Bringing in this sense first makes a significant overlap with こすりつける/すりつける (same kanji form.) Probably it should be merged.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1595860">擦り付ける・すりつける・1</xref>
1.	A* 2012-06-25 21:19:08 Scott
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,5 @@ +<gloss>to rub against</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -17,0 +22,1 @@ +<gloss>to lay the blame on</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1403700 Active (id: 2216563)
造作 [news2,nf39] ；雑作
【ぞうさく [news2,nf39] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ building (esp. a house)
2.	[n] ▶ house fixture ▶ fitting
3.	[n] [col] ▶ facial features

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2022-12-21 22:06:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-12-21 02:43:53 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo, shinmeikai, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -28,0 +30 @@ +<misc>&col;</misc>
2.	A 2010-08-02 11:49:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-08-02 09:13:54 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daijr, daijs, prog, nc
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>雑作</keb> @@ -17,1 +20,4 @@ -<gloss>making</gloss> +<gloss>building (esp. a house)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -19,0 +25,4 @@ +<gloss>fitting</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1515590 Active (id: 2216554)
呆気 [ateji/ichi1] ；あっ気 [ateji]
【あっけ [ichi1] 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ being taken aback
▶ state of shock
▶ dumbfoundedness

History:

6.	A 2022-12-21 20:28:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-12-21 04:13:38 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	飽気 is in a note in shinmeikai, but it doesn't get many n-grams. meikyo and shinmeikai both say 呆気 is ateji. Presumably that also applies to あっ気.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -9,0 +11 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2017-11-11 00:05:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	飽気 is in Goi Taikei. AFAICT it means bored/sated.
	Diff:	@@ -10,3 +9,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>飽気</keb>
3.	A* 2017-11-06 17:52:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	--> noun glosses Where does 飽気 come from? Not in my refs.
	Diff:	@@ -21,2 +21,3 @@ -<gloss>taken aback</gloss> -<gloss>dumbfounded</gloss> +<gloss>being taken aback</gloss> +<gloss>state of shock</gloss> +<gloss>dumbfoundedness</gloss>
2.	A 2016-12-15 10:55:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2016-12-13 21:39:54 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 呆気にとら 33930 あっ気にとら 545 飽気にとら No matches あっけにとら 54143
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1541010 Active (id: 2216556)
有り触れた [rK] ；有りふれた [sK] ；あり触れた [sK]
【ありふれた [ichi1] 】

1.

[adj-f] [uk]
▶ common
▶ commonplace
▶ ordinary
▶ familiar
▶ everyday
▶ garden-variety
▶ trite
▶ stale
▶ hackneyed
▶ stereotyped

History:

5.	A 2022-12-21 20:30:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-12-21 01:57:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, luminous 有り触れた 5503 1.2% 有りふれた 426 0.1% あり触れた 161 0.0% ありふれた 437336 98.6%
	Diff:	@@ -6 +6 @@ -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -12,0 +14 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -25 +27,2 @@ -<gloss>unsurprising</gloss> +<gloss>everyday</gloss> +<gloss>garden-variety</gloss> @@ -27 +30 @@ -<gloss>mundane</gloss> +<gloss>stale</gloss> @@ -29 +32 @@ -<gloss>garden variety (of)</gloss> +<gloss>stereotyped</gloss>
3.	A 2022-12-19 21:35:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Seems to be from GG5.
2.	A* 2022-12-19 14:42:12
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,4 @@ +<gloss>common</gloss> +<gloss>commonplace</gloss> +<gloss>ordinary</gloss> +<gloss>familiar</gloss> @@ -23 +26,0 @@ -<gloss>commonplace</gloss>
1.	A 2010-05-27 22:53:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Suggested by ....
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +26,1 @@ +<gloss>garden variety (of)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1541430 Active (id: 2216682)
有数 [news1,nf10]
【ゆうすう [news1,nf10] 】

1.

[adj-na,adj-no,n-suf,n]
▶ prominent
▶ eminent
▶ leading
▶ foremost
▶ distinguished

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2134320 世界有数 1. world-leading

History:

6.	A 2022-12-22 22:55:22 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2134320">世界有数・せかいゆうすう</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2134320">世界有数</xref>
5.	A 2022-12-21 20:16:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-12-21 13:13:46 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ウィズダム英和辞典 / ウィズダム和英辞典
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<gloss>eminent</gloss>
3.	A 2020-05-23 06:13:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update: Adjusting POS details -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -18,0 +18 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos>
2.	A 2011-08-31 22:59:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	Daijr calls it a noun, but it's hard to make it work like one. I think an xref here is a better than a note.
	Diff:	@@ -19,1 +19,1 @@ -<s_inf>As suffix, often 世界有数 or 日本有数</s_inf> +<xref type="see" seq="2134320">世界有数・せかいゆうすう</xref> @@ -22,0 +22,2 @@ +<gloss>foremost</gloss> +<gloss>distinguished</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2011-08-31 15:30:08 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 egs
	Comments:	* Add pos [n-suff] * Add note showing suffix usage (hope this is correct use of note!)
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +18,2 @@ +<pos>&n-suf;</pos> +<s_inf>As suffix, often 世界有数 or 日本有数</s_inf>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1570950 Active (id: 2277560)
不甲斐ない；不甲斐無い [sK] ；腑甲斐ない [rK] ；腑甲斐無い [rK]
【ふがいない】

1.

[adj-i]
▶ good-for-nothing
▶ spineless
▶ gutless
▶ spiritless
▶ feckless
▶ pluckless
▶ cowardly
▶ tame
▶ timid
▶ pathetic
▶ pitiful
▶ disappointing
▶ shameful
▶ useless
▶ worthless

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2023-09-20 10:06:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
8.	A 2022-12-21 20:24:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Maybe not so far up. Robin dropped worthless last year.
	Diff:	@@ -24,2 +23,0 @@ -<gloss>useless</gloss> -<gloss>worthless</gloss> @@ -37,0 +36,2 @@ +<gloss>useless</gloss> +<gloss>worthless</gloss>
7.	A* 2022-12-21 02:41:39 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/腑甲斐無い/#jn-191088
	Comments:	added definitions
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24,2 @@ +<gloss>useless</gloss> +<gloss>worthless</gloss> @@ -31,0 +34,2 @@ +<gloss>pathetic</gloss> +<gloss>pitiful</gloss>
6.	A 2022-06-05 01:23:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-06-04 16:26:28 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts \| 不甲斐ない \| 78,335 \| 48.1% \| \| 不甲斐無い \| 13,712 \| 8.4% \| \| 腑甲斐ない \| 1,963 \| 1.2% \| \| 腑甲斐無い \| 724 \| 0.4% \| \| ふがいない \| 68,048 \| 41.8% \|
	Comments:	Despite the low n-gram counts, the kokugos seem to prefer 腑
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,0 +16 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A 2021-04-05 02:52:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	A wide-ranging term.
3.	A* 2021-04-05 00:25:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, ウィズダム
	Diff:	@@ -21,2 +21,3 @@ -<gloss>disappointing</gloss> -<gloss>weak-minded</gloss> +<gloss>good-for-nothing</gloss> +<gloss>spineless</gloss> +<gloss>gutless</gloss> @@ -23,0 +25,2 @@ +<gloss>feckless</gloss> +<gloss>pluckless</gloss> @@ -25,5 +27,0 @@ -<gloss>worthless</gloss> -<gloss>pusillanimous</gloss> -<gloss>feckless</gloss> -<gloss>faint-hearted</gloss> -<gloss>shiftless</gloss> @@ -31,0 +30,2 @@ +<gloss>disappointing</gloss> +<gloss>shameful</gloss>
2.	A 2015-03-20 21:40:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	I get 不甲斐ない 2570 不甲斐無い 274 腑甲斐ない 92 腑甲斐無い 55 ふがいない 1757
	Comments:	Don't leave the い off.
1.	A* 2015-03-20 20:24:46
	Refs:	n-grams ふがいな 1347 不甲斐無 275 腑甲斐無 42 腑甲斐な 84 不甲斐な 2197
	Comments:	reordering
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5,4 @@ -<keb>腑甲斐無い</keb> +<keb>不甲斐ない</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>不甲斐無い</keb> @@ -11,4 +14 @@ -<keb>不甲斐無い</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>不甲斐ない</keb> +<keb>腑甲斐無い</keb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1584090 Active (id: 2216557)
抱く [ichi1] ；懐く；擁く [sK]
【いだく [ichi1] 】

1.

[v5k,vt] [form]
▶ to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby)
▶ to embrace
▶ to hug

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2844997 抱く【だく】 1. to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby); to embrace; to hug

2.

[v5k,vt]
▶ to have (a thought or feeling)
▶ to hold
▶ to harbour (suspicion, doubt, etc.)
▶ to harbor
▶ to bear (a grudge, ill will, etc.)
▶ to entertain (hope, illusions, etc.)
▶ to cherish (e.g. an ambition)

Conjugations

History:

11.	A 2022-12-21 20:31:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10.	A* 2022-12-21 03:55:12 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo has 擁く in a note for sense [1].
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>擁く</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
9.	A 2020-06-03 17:30:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2844997">抱く・だく・1</xref>
8.	A 2020-06-03 03:14:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Agree. Thanks for doing this.
7.	A* 2020-06-03 01:21:05 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<misc>&litf;</misc>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A* 2020-06-03 01:20:26 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	agree. and うだく is v4r, so it shouldn't be merged either
	Diff:	@@ -15,9 +14,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>だく</reb> -<re_restr>抱く</re_restr> -<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>うだく</reb> -<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf> -</r_ele> @@ -32 +22,0 @@ -<stagr>いだく</stagr> @@ -43,15 +32,0 @@ -<sense> -<stagr>だく</stagr> -<pos>&v5k;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to have sex with</gloss> -<gloss>to make love to</gloss> -<gloss>to sleep with</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagr>だく</stagr> -<pos>&v5k;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to sit on (eggs)</gloss> -<gloss>to brood</gloss> -</sense>
5.	A* 2020-05-15 15:09:27 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, meikyo, gg5, prog
	Comments:	I think だく and いだく should be separate entries. No ref merges them. They only share one sense, and that sense is considered literary when read いだく.
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +27 @@ +<gloss>to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby)</gloss> @@ -28 +28,0 @@ -<gloss>to hold in the arms (e.g. a baby)</gloss> @@ -35 +35,3 @@ -<gloss>to harbour (e.g. grudge)</gloss> +<gloss>to have (a thought or feeling)</gloss> +<gloss>to hold</gloss> +<gloss>to harbour (suspicion, doubt, etc.)</gloss> @@ -37,3 +39,3 @@ -<gloss>to bear</gloss> -<gloss>to have (e.g. ambition)</gloss> -<gloss>to entertain (e.g. hope, suspicion)</gloss> +<gloss>to bear (a grudge, ill will, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to entertain (hope, illusions, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to cherish (e.g. an ambition)</gloss> @@ -43,0 +46 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -51 +54,3 @@ -<gloss>to sit on eggs</gloss> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to sit on (eggs)</gloss> +<gloss>to brood</gloss>
4.	A 2015-12-28 09:23:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -35,3 +35,5 @@ -<gloss>to harbour (e.g. grudge) (harbor)</gloss> -<gloss>to bear (e.g. a grudge)</gloss> -<gloss>to entertain (e.g. suspicion)</gloss> +<gloss>to harbour (e.g. grudge)</gloss> +<gloss>to harbor</gloss> +<gloss>to bear</gloss> +<gloss>to have (e.g. ambition)</gloss> +<gloss>to entertain (e.g. hope, suspicion)</gloss>
3.	A* 2015-12-26 20:07:43 luce
	Refs:	prog, daijs n-grams 希望を抱く 310 恋心を抱く 569
	Comments:	sense 2 seems overly negative to me
2.	A 2011-11-04 07:20:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-11-04 05:29:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	Calling a spade a spade.
	Diff:	@@ -42,0 +42,2 @@ +<gloss>to have sex with</gloss> +<gloss>to make love to</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1603140 Active (id: 2216514)
部署 [news1,nf18] ；部所 [iK]
【ぶしょ [news1,nf18] 】

1.

[n]
▶ one's post
▶ one's station
▶ department
▶ bureau
▶ section

History:

6.	A 2022-12-21 01:08:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-12-21 01:04:18 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s, koj Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────────╮ │ 部署　　 │ 2,339,362 │ │ 部署し　 │ 815 │ │ 部署する │ 261 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────────╯
	Comments:	[vs] seems to be for an archaic sense that we haven't added.
	Diff:	@@ -20 +19,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos>
4.	A 2013-01-16 23:02:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-01-14 21:07:28 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	新和英中辞典 (部長 points to 2nd sense in 部)
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +24,2 @@ +<gloss>bureau</gloss> +<gloss>section</gloss>
2.	A* 2013-01-14 05:49:01 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo for iK 部所. gg5, prog, nc, eij
	Comments:	i'm more comfortable leaving it with "one's ...", i.e., to hammer home the fact that it does not mean 'police station', 'police department', 'train station', etc.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +11,1 @@ +<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf> @@ -20,0 +21,2 @@ +<gloss>one's post</gloss> +<gloss>one's station</gloss> @@ -21,3 +24,0 @@ -<gloss>station</gloss> -<gloss>duty post</gloss> -<gloss>duty station</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2013-01-13 15:06:23 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs
	Diff:	@@ -20,2 +20,4 @@ -<gloss>one's duty post</gloss> -<gloss>one's duty station</gloss> +<gloss>department</gloss> +<gloss>station</gloss> +<gloss>duty post</gloss> +<gloss>duty station</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1606710 Active (id: 2216555)
態々 [rK] ；態態 [rK]
【わざわざ [ichi1] 】

1.	[adv] [uk] ▶ expressly ▶ especially ▶ specially ▶ taking the trouble (to do) ▶ going to the trouble of (doing) ▶ going out of one's way (to do)
2.	[adv] [uk] ▶ intentionally ▶ deliberately ▶ on purpose

History:

8.	A 2022-12-21 20:29:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2022-12-21 02:11:45 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think "particularly" works. The note on sense 2 probably isn't needed.
	Diff:	@@ -7 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> @@ -23,2 +21,0 @@ -<gloss>purposely</gloss> -<gloss>particularly</gloss> @@ -32 +28,0 @@ -<s_inf>used to criticize someone's actions</s_inf> @@ -34,0 +31 @@ +<gloss>on purpose</gloss>
6.	A 2022-12-19 20:16:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-12-19 20:07:11 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 態々　　　　 │ 27,985 │ 0.6% │ 🡠 rK │ 態態　　　　 │ 395 │ 0.0% │ 🡠 rK (daijr/s, koj, etc.) │ わざわざ　　 │ 4,923,317 │ 99.4% │ ├─ーーーーーー─┼───────────┼───────┤ │ 態々来て　　 │ 249 │ 0.4% │ │ 態態来て　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ わざわざ来て │ 68,641 │ 99.6% │ ╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -9,0 +11 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2022-12-19 19:42:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2022-12-19 15:19:45 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/態態/#je-81821
	Comments:	added definitions
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20,3 @@ +<gloss>specially</gloss> +<gloss>purposely</gloss> +<gloss>particularly</gloss>
2.	A 2020-08-25 00:42:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	1 of the 53 sentences using わざわざ seems to be sense 2.
1.	A* 2020-08-24 18:40:46 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij, meikyo
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19,11 @@ -<gloss>specially</gloss> -<gloss>doing something especially rather than incidentally</gloss> +<gloss>especially</gloss> +<gloss>taking the trouble (to do)</gloss> +<gloss>going to the trouble of (doing)</gloss> +<gloss>going out of one's way (to do)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<s_inf>used to criticize someone's actions</s_inf> +<gloss>intentionally</gloss> +<gloss>deliberately</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1632200 Active (id: 2229243)
如何か [rK]
【どうか [spec1] 】

1.

[adv] [pol,uk]
▶ please
▶ if you would
▶ would you mind

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1189130 どうぞ 1. please; kindly; pray; I beg (of you)

2.

[adv] [uk]
▶ somehow or other
▶ one way or another

3.

[adv] [uk]
《as かどうか》
▶ whether (or not)
▶ if

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2087300 かどうか 1. whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")

4.

[adv,vs] [uk]
▶ strange
▶ (something is) wrong
▶ (something is) off

Conjugations

History:

12.	A 2023-04-22 22:20:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	No comments. Closing.
11.	A* 2023-04-16 01:49:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reopen.
10.	A 2023-04-16 01:49:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Attempting a rewrite of sense 4. I'll close and reopen.
	Diff:	@@ -39,3 +39,3 @@ -<gloss>something is wrong with (a person or thing)</gloss> -<gloss>something is strange</gloss> -<gloss>something is off</gloss> +<gloss>strange</gloss> +<gloss>(something is) wrong</gloss> +<gloss>(something is) off</gloss>
9.	A* 2023-04-04 01:58:52 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Daijs does have it. I don't think it should be dropped.
8.	A* 2023-04-04 00:19:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	中辞典: あの人はどうかしている. Something is wrong [the matter] with him.
	Comments:	It's not a sense in most references, and in my JEs the closest I can see is it being a variant of our sense 2 (中辞典 example). I'd suggest dropping sense 4 and perhaps addin a note such as "occ. negative nuance" to sense 2.
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A* 2023-03-31 04:18:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Glosses on sense 4 aren't adv, and not greqt.
	Diff:	@@ -36,0 +37 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -38 +38,0 @@ -<s_inf>as どうかする, どうかしている, どうかしました, etc</s_inf>
6.	A 2023-02-10 06:06:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,0 +16 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -16 +18,2 @@ -<gloss>kindly</gloss> +<gloss>if you would</gloss> +<gloss>would you mind</gloss> @@ -19,0 +23 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -25,0 +30 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -31,0 +37 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
5.	A* 2022-12-21 15:08:24 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/どうか/#je-52802
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>如何か</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -9,0 +13 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1189130">どうぞ・1</xref> @@ -11,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>kindly</gloss> @@ -16,0 +22,14 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2087300">かどうか</xref> +<s_inf>as かどうか</s_inf> +<gloss>whether (or not)</gloss> +<gloss>if</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<s_inf>as どうかする, どうかしている, どうかしました, etc</s_inf> +<gloss>something is wrong with (a person or thing)</gloss> +<gloss>something is strange</gloss> +<gloss>something is off</gloss>
4.	A 2019-05-04 01:32:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2019-05-02 07:28:09 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij pol because of daijs:" 心から丁重に頼み込む気持ちを表す"
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&pol;</misc> @@ -11,0 +12,3 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -12,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>one way or another</gloss>
2.	A 2016-11-21 23:04:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-11-21 20:27:16 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 25548924
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1703930 Active (id: 2216544)
伝受
【でんじゅ】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ being initiated (e.g. into the secrets of an art)
▶ receiving instruction (in)
▶ being taught

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2022-12-21 20:06:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-12-21 01:50:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	luminous, daij
	Comments:	I don't think the x-ref is needed.
	Diff:	@@ -14,3 +14,3 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1442020">伝授</xref> -<gloss>being initiated (e.g. into the arts)</gloss> -<gloss>receiving instruction</gloss> +<gloss>being initiated (e.g. into the secrets of an art)</gloss> +<gloss>receiving instruction (in)</gloss> +<gloss>being taught</gloss>
4.	A 2022-12-19 03:34:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-12-19 02:56:22 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	obunsha says [vt]. none of the other usual refs have this one. Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 　伝受　　 │ 1,585 │ 89.3% │ │ を伝受し　 │ 154 │ 8.7% │ │ を伝受する │ 35 │ 2.0% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2013-09-15 07:28:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, ルミナス
	Comments:	Prefer it to be in noun form.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +11,1 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -12,1 +13,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -14,1 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>be initiated (into the arts)</gloss> +<gloss>being initiated (e.g. into the arts)</gloss> +<gloss>receiving instruction</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2013-09-15 07:14:14 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr koj
	Comments:	Clarify and link: this is passive form: 伝受する＝伝授される
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +11,1 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -12,2 +13,2 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<gloss>initiation (into the arts)</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1442020">伝授</xref> +<gloss>be initiated (into the arts)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2034840 Active (id: 2216782)
呆気らかん [sK]
【あっけらかん】

1.	[adv-to] [uk] ▶ unconcernedly ▶ nonchalantly ▶ indifferently ▶ (looking) as if nothing has happened
2.	[adv-to] [uk] ▶ blankly ▶ vacantly ▶ absentmindedly

History:

7.	A 2022-12-23 20:44:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-12-22 23:22:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Splitting into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -14,3 +14,11 @@ -<gloss>quite indifferent</gloss> -<gloss>looking blank</gloss> -<gloss>looking as though one has nothing at all to do with what is going on</gloss> +<gloss>unconcernedly</gloss> +<gloss>nonchalantly</gloss> +<gloss>indifferently</gloss> +<gloss>(looking) as if nothing has happened</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>blankly</gloss> +<gloss>vacantly</gloss> +<gloss>absentmindedly</gloss>
5.	A 2022-12-21 20:25:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-12-21 04:09:22 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jitsuyou Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 呆気らかん　 │ 121 │ 0.2% │ │ あっけらかん │ 79,821 │ 99.8% │ ╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>呆気らかん</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -8,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
3.	A 2016-11-07 10:31:02 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 koj daijs
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2016-11-07 10:04:40 Noa
	Comments:	THis way the [S] link to goo.ne.jp brings up more dictionaries than just one.
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<reb>あっけらかんと</reb> +<reb>あっけらかん</reb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
1.	A 2005-03-05 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2083990 Active (id: 2216748)

ならない [spec1] ；ならぬ [sk] ；ならん [sk] ；なりません [sk]

1.	[exp,adj-i] 《as ...てならない》 ▶ cannot help (feeling) ▶ unbearably ▶ awfully ▶ irresistibly
2.	[exp,adj-i] 《as ...てはならない》 ▶ must not ... ▶ should not ...
3.	[exp,adj-i] 《as ...なくてはならない, ...なければならない, ...ねばならない, etc.》 ▶ must ... ▶ have to ... ▶ ought to ...
4.	[exp,adj-i] ▶ cannot ▶ unable to
5.	[exp,adj-i] [dated] 《as ...ではならない》 ▶ not

Conjugations

History:

21.	A 2022-12-23 06:03:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ならない 41782162 73.2% ならぬ 2711492 4.8% ならん 2486657 4.4% なりません 10102502 17.7%
	Comments:	Probably safe. The count for なりません will include false positives.
20.	A* 2022-12-23 00:01:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo, DIJG
	Comments:	Added sense. I suggest making ならぬ and ならん (and なりません) search-only so that we can add adj-i tags. ならなかった should be searchable.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -12,0 +14,5 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>なりません</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -16,4 +22,6 @@ -<s_inf>usu. ...てならない or ...でならない</s_inf> -<gloss>cannot help (doing, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>cannot resist</gloss> -<gloss>cannot bear not to</gloss> +<pos>&adj-i;</pos> +<s_inf>as ...てならない</s_inf> +<gloss>cannot help (feeling)</gloss> +<gloss>unbearably</gloss> +<gloss>awfully</gloss> +<gloss>irresistibly</gloss> @@ -23 +31,2 @@ -<s_inf>usu. ...てはならない or ...ではならない</s_inf> +<pos>&adj-i;</pos> +<s_inf>as ...てはならない</s_inf> @@ -29,2 +38,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1632350">なければならない</xref> -<s_inf>usu. ...なくてはならない, ...なければならない, or ...ねばならない</s_inf> +<pos>&adj-i;</pos> +<s_inf>as ...なくてはならない, ...なければならない, ...ねばならない, etc.</s_inf> @@ -37 +46 @@ -<gloss>can't</gloss> +<pos>&adj-i;</pos> @@ -39,0 +49,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<pos>&adj-i;</pos> +<misc>&dated;</misc> +<s_inf>as ...ではならない</s_inf> +<gloss>not</gloss>
19.	A 2022-12-21 23:15:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree. I sort-of suggested dropping it in 2015.
	Diff:	@@ -13,3 +12,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>なりません</reb>
18.	A* 2022-12-20 13:36:50 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think なりません belongs here.
17.	A 2022-12-20 10:52:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not a verb.
	Diff:	@@ -42 +42 @@ -<gloss>to be unable to</gloss> +<gloss>unable to</gloss>
(show/hide 16 older log entries)
16.	A* 2022-12-20 08:25:26 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/ならない/#je-56678
	Comments:	added definition
	Diff:	@@ -36,0 +37,6 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<gloss>can't</gloss> +<gloss>cannot</gloss> +<gloss>to be unable to</gloss>
15.	A 2018-02-25 04:19:04 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -36 +36 @@ -<gloss>ought to ....</gloss> +<gloss>ought to ...</gloss>
14.	A 2016-09-12 01:21:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This entry has been open for over 10 months, and the last comment was 5 months ago, so I'll close it for now. I was wondering why we have it - I guess its main use is for beginners to look up something like ならん or ならぬ and see they are equivalent to ならない/なりません. Harmless, really.
13.	A* 2016-04-20 05:14:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google n-grams: てならない 519923 * でならない 161387 * てはならない 4713321 ではならない 53306 なくてはならない 2305618 * なければならない 15755700 * ねばならない 1511774 * * = already an entry.
	Comments:	I keep looking at this entry and wondering why it is here at all. Apart from (possibly) ならん, all the headwords are just inflections of なる, and it's rather misleading to have them in an entry or entries where they are something else. I suspect the best thing is to create entries for てはならない and ではならない (the rest of the "usu. ..." are entries already) and drop this one entirely.
	Diff:	@@ -34 +33,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1632350">なければならない</xref>
12.	A* 2015-12-09 00:02:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: ならない 41782162 ならん 2486657 ならぬ 2711492 なりません 10102502
	Comments:	Re the POS, I think the point can be stretched here and the "adj-i" omitted. Splitting seems overkill. As for なりません, I have problems with it being here as it's often just なる negated, but in text glossing it gets matched with this entry. Here it is mainly associated with sense 3, but なければなりません, etc. is already an entry. Perhaps an "also なりません" somewhere?
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9 @@ -<reb>ならん</reb> +<reb>ならぬ</reb> @@ -12 +12 @@ -<reb>ならぬ</reb> +<reb>ならん</reb> @@ -31,0 +32,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1632350">なければならない</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1632350">なければならない</xref>
11.	A* 2015-12-01 05:44:23 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	the ~ない inflects as an i-adjective. the others clearly do not. should be split?
10.	A 2015-12-01 05:42:13 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	kept the reordering and restored なりません for now. i agree that the ZARU form is unnecessary
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<reb>ならざる</reb> +<reb>なりません</reb>
9.	A* 2015-11-16 07:48:28 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Maybe this is not needed. When I suggested this, I had not yet realized that ざるを得ない / ざるを得ぬ is a standard phrase.
8.	A* 2015-11-14 15:32:55 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	From a short story by 和重阿部: 就寝が遅くならざるを得ぬ暮らしをずっと続けている Here I think ならざる is a literary form of ならない.
	Comments:	reordered added ならざる removed なりません (seems unnecessary)
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +<reb>ならん</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -12,4 +15 @@ -<reb>ならん</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>なりません</reb> +<reb>ならざる</reb>
7.	A 2011-11-01 10:04:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Fair enough
	Diff:	@@ -21,2 +21,2 @@ -<gloss>irresistibly</gloss> -<gloss>unbearably</gloss> +<gloss>cannot resist</gloss> +<gloss>cannot bear not to</gloss>
6.	A* 2011-10-31 03:17:34 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo
	Comments:	also ならん and なりません. additional forms for sense 3. i'm not sure i like the adverb glosses in sense 1
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,6 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ならん</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>なりません</reb> @@ -26,1 +32,1 @@ -<s_inf>often neg. て-form + ならない</s_inf> +<s_inf>usu. ...なくてはならない, ...なければならない, or ...ねばならない</s_inf>
5.	A* 2011-10-20 10:03:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 新和英中辞典, ルミナス, Daijr
	Comments:	Quite difficult to summarize succinctly.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,1 @@ +<s_inf>usu. ...てならない or ...でならない</s_inf> @@ -19,4 +20,10 @@ -<gloss>must not do</gloss> -<gloss>bad</gloss> -<gloss>wrong</gloss> -<gloss>not good</gloss> +<s_inf>usu. ...てはならない or ...ではならない</s_inf> +<gloss>must not ...</gloss> +<gloss>should not ...</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<s_inf>often neg. て-form + ならない</s_inf> +<gloss>must ...</gloss> +<gloss>have to ...</gloss> +<gloss>ought to ....</gloss>
4.	A* 2011-10-20 06:30:33 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	"amendment" to this entry submitted as new entry 2664020: "I don't know all the details, but the old meaning of "cannot help (doing, etc.)" couldn't be verified by a native speaker. I think the definition of "でならない" may also need to be looked at."
	Comments:	opening for consideration
3.	A 2011-01-27 11:30:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I have aligned the KD entry.
2.	A* 2011-01-27 02:27:42 Hendrik
	Comments:	No change to this ED entry, just to let you know that "Text Glossing" offers a different (incomplete) definition, which is in most cases unhelpful: ならない (exp) cannot help ..ing; irresistibly; unbearably; KD Can the ED entry be given preference before the KD entry?
1.	A 2006-06-04 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2093030 Active (id: 2216620)

そうか [spec1]

1.

[exp]
《generally rhetorical》
▶ is that so?

2.

[exp]
▶ I see
▶ right
▶ oh
▶ OK

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2853750 そっか 1. oh; right; I see; OK; gotcha

History:

7.	A 2022-12-22 10:47:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I guess it's OK to keep this as a second sense.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2853750">そっか</xref>
6.	A* 2022-12-22 00:01:22
	Diff:	@@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2853750">そっか</xref>
5.	A* 2022-12-21 15:20:17 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,8 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2853750">そっか</xref> +<gloss>I see</gloss> +<gloss>right</gloss> +<gloss>oh</gloss> +<gloss>OK</gloss>
4.	A 2022-02-18 05:47:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-02-18 05:37:29 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I suggest splitting it out
	Diff:	@@ -8,3 +7,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>そっか</reb> -</r_ele> @@ -12,0 +10 @@ +<s_inf>generally rhetorical</s_inf>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2022-02-17 11:27:31 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	" (generally rhetorical)" is maybe true for そうか but not for そっか. maybe it should be split out? meaning-wise it's maybe a little different, more "oh, right"
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>is that so? (generally rhetorical)</gloss> +<gloss>is that so?</gloss>
1.	A 2006-08-08 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2136040 Active (id: 2216687)
に際して [spec1]
【にさいして [spec1] 】

1.

[exp]
▶ on the occasion of
▶ at the time of
▶ when
▶ during

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2842041 に当たり【にあたり】 1. on the occasion of; at the time of
	⇐ see: 1657790 際して【さいして】 1. on the occasion of; at the time of; when; during

History:

6.	A 2022-12-22 23:09:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1296300">際・さい</xref>
5.	A 2022-12-21 20:18:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-12-21 13:53:15 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/に際して-ni-saishite-meaning/
	Comments:	added definitions
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<gloss>when</gloss> +<gloss>during</gloss>
3.	A 2011-05-24 18:11:55 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	it makes much more sense to x-ref to さい
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,1 @@ -<xref type="see">際・ぎわ</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1296300">際・さい</xref>
2.	A* 2011-05-24 11:38:14 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Ref to closely related suffix (same kanji, very similar meaning)
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@ +<xref type="see">際・ぎわ</xref>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2007-01-21 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2281510 Deleted (id: 2217595)
アルファベット表記法
【アルファベットひょうきほう】

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ alphabetical notation

History:

5.	D 2022-12-31 20:57:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I've made a note to work on these notation entries. Yes, many need stripping out. I'll drop this one for now.
4.	D* 2022-12-21 01:45:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	プレフィックス表記法 0 ポーランド表記法 132 ルカーシェビッチ表記法 0 前置表記法 0 ------------------ ポーランド記法 4205 ポストフィックス表記法 0 後置表記法 96 逆ポーランド表記法 115 ------------------ 逆ポーランド記法 3542
	Comments:	We'd need to go through them one by one to check whether they're valid. I suspect that at least of a few of them are much more commonly known by other names. For example, none of the four "Polish notation" or "reverse Polish notation" entries are in common use. They can probably all be deleted.
3.	D* 2022-12-19 22:52:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	There are about 25 entries of the XXX表記法 structure, virtually all of which came from the 2008 incorporation of a computing glossary. From checking a sample of them I see many are even less common than this one. We need a consistent approach to them.
2.	D* 2022-12-11 10:42:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	アルファベット表記法 63
1.	A 2008-05-24 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2454550 Active (id: 2288502)
ふん縛る；フン縛る [sK]
【ふんじばる】

1.

[v5r,vt] [col]
▶ to tie up (roughly; esp. to prevent escape)
▶ to bind
▶ to arrest

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2024-01-12 23:29:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2024-01-12 16:35:29 penname01
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮ │ ふん縛って │ 340 │ 92.1% │ │ フン縛って │ 29 │ 7.9% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>フン縛る</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
7.	A 2022-12-23 20:45:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-12-23 20:12:37 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, koj
	Comments:	Only shinmeikai has two senses. I think one is enough. All the examples mention thieves.
	Diff:	@@ -14,6 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>to tie fast</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v5r;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&col;</misc> +<gloss>to tie up (roughly; esp. to prevent escape)</gloss> +<gloss>to bind</gloss>
5.	A 2022-12-21 23:12:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2022-12-21 21:27:49 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	shinmeikai says both senses are 口頭語的表現. also 〔俗〕 in oubunsha, sankoku, and iwakoku.
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&col;</misc> @@ -17,0 +19 @@ +<misc>&col;</misc>
3.	A 2017-03-20 09:54:20 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2017-03-19 01:37:17 Scott
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to arrest</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A 2009-06-20 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2621420 Active (id: 2216515)

カラーギャング；カラー・ギャング

1.

[n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "color gang"
▶ group of hoodlums whose members all wear clothes in the same color (inspired by US street gangs; esp. associated with Ikebukuro in the late 1990s)

History:

5.	A 2022-12-21 01:09:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-12-20 23:59:54 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	wiki, zokugo, saw on TV
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>Japanese street gang</gloss> +<gloss>group of hoodlums whose members all wear clothes in the same color (inspired by US street gangs; esp. associated with Ikebukuro in the late 1990s)</gloss>
3.	A 2013-05-11 07:07:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>カラー・ギャング</reb>
2.	A 2011-03-28 22:55:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,1 @@ +<lsource ls_wasei="y">color gang</lsource>
1.	A* 2011-03-28 22:06:13 Scott
	Refs:	wiki

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2707070 Active (id: 2216566)
窮屈袋
【きゅうくつぶくろ】

1.

[n] [arch,joc]
▶ hakama
▶ man's formal divided skirt

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1267440 【はかま】 1. hakama; pleated skirt or loose-legged trousers worn over a kimono mainly on ceremonial occasions

History:

7.	A 2022-12-21 22:22:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-12-21 03:22:33
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<gloss>man's formal divided shirt</gloss> +<gloss>man's formal divided skirt</gloss>
5.	A 2012-05-02 04:52:41 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2012-04-30 11:42:51
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@ +<misc>&joc;</misc>
3.	A 2012-04-30 10:22:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr
	Comments:	Daijr says it's a joking term.
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2012-04-29 06:34:25
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1267440">はかま</xref>
1.	A* 2012-04-29 02:07:13 Marcus
	Refs:	daijs

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857053 Active (id: 2216569)
自習書
【じしゅうしょ】

1.

[n]
▶ self-study book
▶ self-study manual
▶ crib

History:

3.	A 2022-12-21 22:36:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5: 〔語学などの虎の巻〕 a crib. ルミナス: (虎の巻) 《略式》 crib Reverso
	Comments:	I'm not sure "crib" is a great gloss as it's often associated with cheating.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@ +<gloss>self-study book</gloss> +<gloss>self-study manual</gloss> @@ -13,2 +14,0 @@ -<gloss>self-study book</gloss> -<gloss>self-teacher</gloss>
2.	A* 2022-12-20 22:39:45
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>teach-yourself book</gloss> +<gloss>self-study book</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-12-20 15:02:10 Alex Lasto <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	研究社　新和英大辞典　第５版

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857054 Active (id: 2216567)
足置き
【あしおき】

1.

[n]
▶ footrest
▶ footstool

History:

2.	A 2022-12-21 22:23:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>???</gloss> +<gloss>footrest</gloss> +<gloss>footstool</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-12-20 15:21:52

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857055 Active (id: 2216571)
音響爆弾
【おんきょうばくだん】

1.

[n]
▶ screamer bomb
▶ sound bomb

History:

3.	A 2022-12-21 22:43:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Eijiro
	Comments:	I've proposed an entry for 音響兵器.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<gloss>screamer bomb</gloss>
2.	A* 2022-12-20 17:36:48 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────╮ │ 音響兵器 │ 872 │ 🡠 daijr/s, gg5, wikipedia │ 音響爆弾 │ 612 │ 🡠 only gg5 ╰─ーーーー─┴─────╯ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonic_weapon https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/音響兵器
	Comments:	It's not clear to me what a "sound bomb" is. A web search brings up different types of motorcycle horns. Maybe this should be an entry for 音響兵器 (sonic weapon; ultrasonic weapon; acoustic weapon). I see a lot of recent tweets containing 兵器, but very few for 爆弾.
1.	A* 2022-12-20 15:53:43 Alex Lasto <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	研究社　新和英大辞典　第５版

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857056 Active (id: 2216684)

リツイ

1.

[n] [net-sl,abbr]
▶ retweet

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2529670 リツイート 1. retweet

History:

3.	A 2022-12-22 22:58:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think "on Twitter" is needed.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>retweet (on Twitter)</gloss> +<gloss>retweet</gloss>
2.	A 2022-12-21 20:07:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-12-21 04:34:40 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://twitter.com/search?q=リツイ&f=live
	Comments:	No ngrams, but clearly common.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857057 Active (id: 2216669)
壊国
【かいこく】

1.

[n] [net-sl]
▶ destroying a country

History:

4.	A 2022-12-22 20:19:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Better. Thanks.
3.	A* 2022-12-22 13:33:23 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	I don't think it implies it has to be one's own country
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>destroying one's country</gloss> +<misc>&net-sl;</misc> +<gloss>destroying a country</gloss>
2.	A 2022-12-22 10:51:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-12-21 04:57:07 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://www.reddit.com/r/newsokuexp/comments/zqng9f/comment/j10c45i/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3 https://twitter.com/kikuchi_8/status/889531199491678208 https://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/平成の壊国 Twitter usage: https://twitter.com/search?q=壊国&f=live
	Comments:	Seems to be a coinage more recent than ngrams.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857058 Active (id: 2216686)

アロールート；アロルート [sk]

1.

[n] [rare]
▶ arrowroot

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1978850 【クズウコン】 1. arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea)

History:

3.	A 2022-12-22 23:06:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	アロルート gets barely any web hits.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
2.	A 2022-12-21 20:13:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	アロールート 69 アロルート 0 新英和大辞典
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>アロールート</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1978850">クズウコン</xref> +<misc>&rare;</misc>
1.	A* 2022-12-21 12:02:26 Alex Lasto <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/アロルート

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857059 Active (id: 2217776)

タイパ

1.

[n] [abbr]
▶ effectiveness of time spent
▶ value of something compared to the time it requires

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2857136 タイムパフォーマンス 1. effectiveness of time spent; value of something compared to the time it requires

History:

6.	A 2023-01-03 01:18:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-01-01 20:22:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A 2023-01-01 20:22:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'll align with the proposed タイムパフォーマンス entry and approve/reopen to sort out the queue.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2857136">タイムパフォーマンス</xref> @@ -10,3 +11,2 @@ -<s_inf>from タイムパフォーマンス; based on "cost performance"</s_inf> -<gloss>worth of (doing, etc.) something compared to the time it requires</gloss> -<gloss g_type="lit">time performance</gloss> +<gloss>effectiveness of time spent</gloss> +<gloss>value of something compared to the time it requires</gloss>
3.	A* 2022-12-31 13:25:55
	Diff:	@@ -10,2 +10,3 @@ -<s_inf>from タイムパフォーマンス</s_inf> -<gloss>level of satisfaction gained compared with the time spent</gloss> +<s_inf>from タイムパフォーマンス; based on "cost performance"</s_inf> +<gloss>worth of (doing, etc.) something compared to the time it requires</gloss> +<gloss g_type="lit">time performance</gloss>
2.	A* 2022-12-31 03:48:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Sanseidō’s Top 10 New Words of the Year for 2022 タイパ — Taipa. An abbreviated version of taimu pafōmansu (time performance), signifying the level of satisfaction gained compared with the time spent. It is possible to use the phrase taipa ga ii, for example, to describe “good time performance” or an effective use of time. (Quote from nippon.com)
	Comments:	AFAIK タイムパフォーマンス is 和製.
	Diff:	@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>タイパ</keb> -</k_ele> @@ -12 +9,3 @@ -<gloss>???</gloss> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<s_inf>from タイムパフォーマンス</s_inf> +<gloss>level of satisfaction gained compared with the time spent</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2022-12-21 16:48:33
	Refs:	https://dictionary.sanseido-publ.co.jp/shingo/2022/best10/Preference02.html

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857060 Active (id: 2216858)

シュワー

1.

[n] {linguistics}
▶ schwa

History:

4.	A 2022-12-24 03:41:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://github.com/JMdictProject/JMdictIssues/issues/83
	Comments:	Worth considering. I've raised it as an issue.
3.	A* 2022-12-21 23:58:27
	Comments:	Mybe we should have a phonetics tag?
2.	A 2022-12-21 20:07:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-12-21 18:49:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, jwiki, RP

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2857061 Active (id: 2216683)
音響兵器
【おんきょうへいき】

1.

[n]
▶ acoustic weapon
▶ sonic weapon

History:

2.	A 2022-12-22 22:57:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-12-21 22:41:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Daijr

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5745523 Active (id: 2234525)
天宙平和連合
【てんちゅうへいわれんごう [spec1] 】

1.

[organization]
▶ Universal Peace Federation (affiliate of the Unification Church)
▶ UPF

History:

3.	A 2023-05-06 06:13:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding spec1 -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2.	A 2022-12-21 01:12:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Avoiding a value judgement.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Universal Peace Federation (front group of the Unification Church)</gloss> +<gloss>Universal Peace Federation (affiliate of the Unification Church)</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-12-20 13:03:24 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/天宙平和連合 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Shinzo_Abe Shinzo Abe continued this relationship, and in May 2006, when he was Chief Cabinet Secretary, he and several cabinet ministers sent a congratulatory telegrams to a mass wedding ceremony organised by the UC's front group, Universal Peace Federation (UPF, 天宙平和連合), for 2,500 couples of Japanese and Korean men and women.[29][30][31]

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5745525 Active (id: 2234526)
日本財団
【にっぽんざいだん [spec1] 】

1.

[organization]
▶ The Nippon Foundation

History:

3.	A 2023-05-06 06:13:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding spec1 -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2.	A 2022-12-21 08:24:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-12-21 04:20:25 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	wiki

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

Search \| Advanced Search \| New Entry \| Submissions \| Help	wsgi/DB=jmdict

If you have questions about, problems using, or suggestions for improving this page, please send email to jimbreen@gmail.com.
JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

1.	[adv,adv-to] [on-mim] ▶ with a clatter ▶ with a rattle
2.	[adj-no,adj-na] [on-mim] ▶ (almost) empty ▶ (mostly) vacant ▶ bare ▶ uninhabited ▶ unoccupied
3.	[adj-no,adj-na] [on-mim] ▶ raspy (voice) ▶ gravelly ▶ husky
4.	[adv,adv-to] [on-mim] ▶ with a gargle
5.	[vs,adv] [on-mim] ▶ rough (personality, speech, etc.) ▶ unreserved ▶ outspoken ▶ boorish ▶ ill-mannered
6.	[n] [on-mim] ▶ rattle (baby's toy)
7.	[n] [on-mim] ▶ lottery wheel

16.	A 2022-12-21 20:16:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 examples.
15.	A* 2022-12-21 12:32:18 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ウィズダム英和辞典 / ウィズダム和英辞典 https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/がらがら/#jn-45609
	Comments:	clarified definition
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21,2 @@ -<gloss>empty</gloss> +<gloss>(almost) empty</gloss> +<gloss>(mostly) vacant</gloss> @@ -24 +24,0 @@ -<gloss>vacant</gloss>
14.	A 2021-05-08 23:36:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
13.	A* 2021-05-08 23:20:40 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	We'd usually make it a gloss (e.g. "something that makes a rattling sound"). But unless we can find other specific examples, I think we should just add a "lottery wheel" sense. The kokugos only mention baby rattles.
	Diff:	@@ -54,2 +54,5 @@ -<s_inf>things that make clattering sounds</s_inf> -<gloss>rattle (e.g. baby's toy)</gloss> +<gloss>rattle (baby's toy)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
12.	A 2021-05-08 22:23:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Such notes also provide information about the sense as a whole. In this case it avoids splitting it into two or more.
(show/hide 11 older log entries)
11.	A* 2021-05-08 01:56:32
	Comments:	I don't think that should be a usage note.
10.	A 2021-05-08 00:39:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Or make it another sense.
	Diff:	@@ -53,0 +54 @@ +<s_inf>things that make clattering sounds</s_inf> @@ -55 +56 @@ -<gloss>a lottery wheel</gloss> +<gloss>lottery wheel</gloss>
9.	A* 2021-05-07 23:24:52
	Refs:	新和英大辞典第５版 ⇒ がらがら２ 2 〔がらがらと音のする幼児の玩具〕 a (baby's) rattle; 〔回転式抽選器〕 a lottery wheel.
	Diff:	@@ -54,0 +55 @@ +<gloss>a lottery wheel</gloss>
8.	A 2018-06-05 08:13:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2018-06-03 10:31:17 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	adv glosses Moved sense 2 (gargle) to 5 based on going through 10 or so twitter results (where basically all were used to mean "clatter", "raspy" or "empty")
	Diff:	@@ -14,8 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>clattering</gloss> -<gloss>rattling</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&adv;</pos> -<pos>&adv-to;</pos> -<misc>&on-mim;</misc> -<gloss>gargling</gloss> +<gloss>with a clatter</gloss> +<gloss>with a rattle</gloss> @@ -41,0 +36,6 @@ +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> +<gloss>with a gargle</gloss> +</sense> +<sense>
6.	A 2017-08-25 23:20:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2017-08-22 04:55:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Stalling until a problem with Tatoeba is cleared.
4.	A* 2017-08-20 22:41:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, googits
	Comments:	Added sense. "Gargling" is a separate sense in the 国語s. I think it should be here as well. More commonly [adj-no] for adjective senses. I think the Tanaka/Tatoeba sentences need updating.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -16,0 +16,5 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> @@ -19,0 +24 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -21 +25,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -29,0 +34 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -31 +35,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -34,0 +39,11 @@ +<gloss>husky</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> +<gloss>rough (personality, speech, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>unreserved</gloss> +<gloss>outspoken</gloss> +<gloss>boorish</gloss> +<gloss>ill-mannered</gloss>
3.	A 2017-08-20 22:39:31 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> @@ -30,0 +32 @@ +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> @@ -35,0 +38 @@ +<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
2.	A 2014-06-11 00:22:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5,4 @@ -<reb>がらがら,ガラガラ</reb> +<reb>ガラガラ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>がらがら</reb>
1.	A* 2014-06-11 00:14:22 Chris Vasselli <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://tatoeba.org/eng/sentences/search?query="ガラガラ%22&from=jpn&to=eng Harry Potter Book 3 Chapter 12: 「深く息を吸い込むガラガラという音が聞こえる」、「吸魂鬼がガラガラと息を吸い込こみ、滑すべるように進み出た」
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<reb>がらがら</reb> +<reb>がらがら,ガラガラ</reb>

JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

Entries