JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1346240 Active (id: 2213631)
勝利 [ichi1,news1,nf02] ；捷利 [rK]
【しょうり [ichi1,news1,nf02] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ victory
▶ triumph
▶ win
▶ conquest
▶ success

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1472610 敗北 1. defeat; loss; reverse; setback

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2022-11-14 14:46:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24 @@ +<xref type="ant" seq="1472610">敗北</xref> @@ -25,0 +27 @@ +<gloss>win</gloss> @@ -28 +29,0 @@ -<gloss>win</gloss>
5.	A 2022-11-13 01:48:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-11-13 01:29:09 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────────╮ │ 勝利　　 │ 7,863,856 │ │ 捷利　　 │ 1,488 │ 🡠 rK (daijr/s, koj, etc.) │ しょうり │ 15,083 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
3.	A 2021-11-07 02:04:16 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2010-11-08 03:18:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2010-11-06 17:32:37 Scott
	Refs:	daij
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>捷利</keb>

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jmdict 1359240 Active (id: 2213566)
信号 [ichi1,news1,nf06]
【しんごう [ichi1,news1,nf06] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ signal ▶ signalling ▶ signaling
2.	[n] ▶ traffic light ▶ traffic signal

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2022-11-13 01:48:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-11-13 01:27:59 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	[vi]: shinmeikai, obunsha
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2014-04-03 03:18:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2014-04-03 03:07:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	all kokugos
	Comments:	deserves separate senses, i think
	Diff:	@@ -19 +18,0 @@ -<gloss>traffic lights</gloss> @@ -21 +20,7 @@ -<gloss>semaphore</gloss> +<gloss>signalling</gloss> +<gloss>signaling</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>traffic light</gloss> +<gloss>traffic signal</gloss>

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jmdict 1396710 Active (id: 2224274)
疎外 [ichi1,news2,nf30] ；疏外 [rK]
【そがい [ichi1,news2,nf30] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ alienation
▶ estrangement
▶ leaving (someone) out
▶ casting out
▶ cutting off
▶ avoiding
▶ giving the cold shoulder

Conjugations

History:

11.	A 2023-03-10 17:45:56 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
10.	A* 2023-03-10 05:49:17 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Not a typo. 疏外 is listed in daijr and nikk. koj and iwakoku say that 疎 was originally a 俗字 form of 疏.
9.	A* 2023-03-10 05:17:54 Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	疎外 177928 99.5% 疏外 854 0.5% sankoku 疎外 only
	Comments:	Better to treat as a typo that should not be emulated, I think.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
8.	A 2022-11-16 10:13:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't have a problem with alienation there. It has to be seen in conjunction with the other glosses. The one Tanaka sentence uses that word.
7.	A* 2022-11-16 05:06:04 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think "alienation" should be the leading gloss. It's likely to be confused with the emotion (疎外感, entry 1396720) rather than the act of alienating someone.
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A* 2022-11-14 17:24:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, luminous chujiten: 疎外する　 estrange; alienate; avoid [shun] a person's company; give [show] a person the cold shoulder; keep a person at a distance [at arm's length] wisdom: クラスで疎外感を持つ feel alienated [a sense of alienation, left out] in the class.
	Comments:	Only GG5 treats "alienation" as a separate sense. There's really no need to split unless we want want a separate [phil]-tagged sense, as in the kokugos. I think one sense is sufficient.
	Diff:	@@ -22,6 +21,0 @@ -<gloss>estrangement</gloss> -<gloss>neglect</gloss> -<gloss>alienation</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -29,0 +24,3 @@ +<gloss>alienation</gloss> +<gloss>estrangement</gloss> +<gloss>leaving (someone) out</gloss> @@ -31 +28,2 @@ -<gloss>ostracism</gloss> +<gloss>cutting off</gloss> +<gloss>avoiding</gloss>
5.	A* 2022-11-13 02:26:27 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	I don't have those refs, but I have a feeling that they are referring to the same concept as our sense 2. The kokugos all define the "alienation" sense in terms of hegelian or marxist philosophy rather than the layman sense of the term. Shinmeikai doesn't have it at all.
4.	A 2022-11-13 01:59:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The "alienation" sense is the only one in 中辞典 and ルミナス. GG5 has both, with "casting out" leading. Reverso mostly has alienation too, and Eijiro examples often use it. I think the order should stay this way.
3.	A* 2022-11-13 01:26:46 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Meikyo only has the "casting out" sense as a する verb. Our sense 1 seems to be philosophical jargon and possibly an abbreviation of 自己疎外. We may want to change the sense order. 1 tanaka sentence. Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 疎外　 │ 177,928 │ 99.5% │ │ 疏外　 │ 854 │ 0.5% │ 🡠 rK (daijr) │ そがい │ 3,520 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -21 +21,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -28,0 +29 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2018-12-27 04:26:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, etc. (Both split.)
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>疏外</keb> @@ -21,0 +25,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -23,2 +30,2 @@ -<gloss>ostracization</gloss> -<gloss>ostracisation</gloss> +<gloss>ostracism</gloss> +<gloss>giving the cold shoulder</gloss>
1.	A* 2018-12-27 02:54:07 Nick Patella <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	DJR: "=きらって(=よそよそしくして)のけものにすること" My interpretation: "=Feel contempt for (=Treat like a stranger) and exclude from a group." compare with OED to ostracize: "exclude from a society or group"
	Comments:	Felt this was a common enough word to be included for this entry. I also question whether "neglect" fits this entry but I will leave it alone. When I think of "neglect", I think of failing to care for something, not necessarily alienating someone. Of course you can feel alienated from your family if they neglect you.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,2 @@ +<gloss>ostracization</gloss> +<gloss>ostracisation</gloss>

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jmdict 1482660 Active (id: 2213640)
卑しい [ichi1] ；賤しい
【いやしい [ichi1] 】

1.	[adj-i] ▶ lowborn ▶ humble ▶ lowly
2.	[adj-i] ▶ vulgar ▶ coarse ▶ crude ▶ mean ▶ base ▶ vile ▶ despicable ▶ dirty ▶ unfair
3.	[adj-i] ▶ shabby ▶ poor-looking
4.	[adj-i] ▶ greedy ▶ gluttonous ▶ avaricious

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2022-11-14 16:33:27 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Although GG5 lists those glosses first, I think "vulgar" should lead.
	Diff:	@@ -23,2 +22,0 @@ -<gloss>dirty</gloss> -<gloss>unfair</gloss> @@ -31,0 +30,2 @@ +<gloss>dirty</gloss> +<gloss>unfair</gloss>
6.	A 2022-11-13 22:59:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-11-13 13:05:07 mark dufour <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	I think I need "despicable" to make sense of a certain sentence. note that GG5 is a bit more extensive yet.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,2 @@ +<gloss>dirty</gloss> +<gloss>unfair</gloss> @@ -28,0 +31 @@ +<gloss>despicable</gloss>
4.	A 2022-10-01 04:37:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -33 +33 @@ -<gloss>poor(-looking)</gloss> +<gloss>poor-looking</gloss>
3.	A* 2022-10-01 02:35:02 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/卑しい/#jn-15242
	Diff:	@@ -32,0 +33 @@ +<gloss>poor(-looking)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2011-04-09 21:48:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-04-09 18:34:46 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo, prog, nc, gg5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -17,1 +17,6 @@ -<gloss>greedy</gloss> +<gloss>lowborn</gloss> +<gloss>humble</gloss> +<gloss>lowly</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-i;</pos> @@ -19,2 +24,3 @@ -<gloss>shabby</gloss> -<gloss>humble</gloss> +<gloss>coarse</gloss> +<gloss>crude</gloss> +<gloss>mean</gloss> @@ -22,1 +28,0 @@ -<gloss>mean</gloss> @@ -25,0 +30,10 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&adj-i;</pos> +<gloss>shabby</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-i;</pos> +<gloss>greedy</gloss> +<gloss>gluttonous</gloss> +<gloss>avaricious</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1513000 Active (id: 2298885)
弁証；辨証 [oK] ；辯証 [oK]
【べんしょう】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ dialectic proof

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2024-04-22 18:43:27 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	辨 and 辯 are both kyūjitai of 弁
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> @@ -12 +13 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
3.	A 2022-11-14 14:52:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Diff:	@@ -21,2 +21 @@ -<gloss>demonstration</gloss> -<gloss>proof</gloss> +<gloss>dialectic proof</gloss>
2.	A* 2022-11-13 11:09:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	弁証 21870 87.4% 辯証 158 0.6% <= Daijs, WaDoku 辨証 1687 6.7% <= Daijs, WaDoku べんしょう 1301 5.2%
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,7 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辨証</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>辯証</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
1.	A 2021-11-18 00:35:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1559260 Active (id: 2213712)
連れ [ichi1,news1,nf17]
【つれ [ichi1,news1,nf17] ；ツレ [sk] 】

1.	[n] ▶ companion ▶ company
2.	[n] {noh} 《usu. ツレ》 ▶ tritagonist ▶ second supporting character

History:

7.	A 2022-11-15 10:56:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Good analysis.
6.	A* 2022-11-15 10:44:45 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	連れする 15429 お連れする 15274
	Comments:	It's not vs. The -する hits come from お連れする, which is the standard humble construction (お + masu stem + する).
	Diff:	@@ -22,2 +21,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<pos>&vi;</pos>
5.	A 2022-11-14 14:53:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<re_nokanji/> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -21 +20,0 @@ -<stagr>つれ</stagr>
4.	A 2022-11-13 02:03:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The "vs" is rare.
	Diff:	@@ -32,0 +33 @@ +<gloss>second supporting character</gloss>
3.	A* 2022-11-13 01:43:18 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	I don't see a ref that has this as a する verb, but it gets some n-gram hits. Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────────╮ │ 　連れ　　 │ 13,139,937 │ │ 　連れする │ 15,429 │ │ 　連れして │ 14,037 │ │ を連れする │ 0 │ │ を連れして │ 0 │ │ 　ツレする │ 0 │ │ 　ツレして │ 0 │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────────╯
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -29,2 +30,2 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<s_inf>in noh; usu. ツレ</s_inf> +<field>&noh;</field> +<s_inf>usu. ツレ</s_inf>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2019-12-02 23:37:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2019-12-02 22:55:18 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, meikyo, shinmeikai, gg5
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ツレ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -16,0 +21 @@ +<stagr>つれ</stagr> @@ -21,0 +27,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<s_inf>in noh; usu. ツレ</s_inf> +<gloss>tritagonist</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1851060 Active (id: 2213558)
掛け替える；架け替える；掛けかえる [sK] ；かけ替える [sK] ；掛替える [sK]
【かけかえる】

1.	[v1,vt] ▶ to replace (a picture, sign, hanging scroll, etc.) ▶ to substitute ▶ to take down (an old picture, etc.) and put up a new one ▶ to rebuild (a bridge)
2.	[v1,vt] ▶ to move (a picture, etc.) to another location ▶ to hang somewhere else

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2022-11-13 00:46:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2022-11-12 23:28:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, koj 橋を架け替え 476 橋を掛け替え 0 絵を架け替え 28 絵を掛け替え 70 --- 掛けかえる 756 かけ替える 325
	Comments:	架け替える is mainly used for bridges. Added sense (not in the JEs).
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,11 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>掛けかえる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>かけ替える</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>掛替える</keb> @@ -17 +28 @@ -<gloss>to replace</gloss> +<gloss>to replace (a picture, sign, hanging scroll, etc.)</gloss> @@ -18,0 +30,8 @@ +<gloss>to take down (an old picture, etc.) and put up a new one</gloss> +<gloss>to rebuild (a bridge)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to move (a picture, etc.) to another location</gloss> +<gloss>to hang somewhere else</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-11-11 05:04:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	掛け替える 2006 34.3% <- JEs, Kokugos かけかえる 828 14.2% 架け替える 2992 51.1% <- Unidic, JLD 掛替える 24 0.4%
	Comments:	An odd one. Unidic maps 架け替える to 掛け替える, and we have some other entries with 架け and 掛け as alternatives, e.g. 架け橋/掛け橋. The raw Google hits massively favour 掛け替える. I suspect 架け替える is possibly a 変換ミス, hence the suggested [sK], but perhaps it can be visible?
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>架け替える</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1983710 Active (id: 2213583)
存ずる
【ぞんずる】

1.

[vz,vt] [hum]
▶ to know
▶ to be aware (of)
▶ to be acquainted (with)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1406140 存じる 1. to know; to be aware (of); to be acquainted (with)

2.

[vz,vt] [hum]
▶ to think
▶ to consider
▶ to believe
▶ to feel

History:

4.	A 2022-11-13 11:45:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1593570">ご存じ・1</xref> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
3.	A* 2022-11-12 22:38:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 (points to 存じる)
	Comments:	Aligning with 存じる.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<pos>&vi;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1593570">ご存じ・1</xref> @@ -16 +16,11 @@ -<gloss>to think, feel, consider, know, etc.</gloss> +<gloss>to know</gloss> +<gloss>to be aware (of)</gloss> +<gloss>to be acquainted (with)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&vz;</pos> +<misc>&hum;</misc> +<gloss>to think</gloss> +<gloss>to consider</gloss> +<gloss>to believe</gloss> +<gloss>to feel</gloss>
2.	A 2010-07-29 04:31:41 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-07-28 19:00:39 Jean-Luc Léger <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1406140">存じる</xref>

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jmdict 2068730 Deleted (id: 2213597)
置きなさい
【おきなさい】

1.

[exp] [uk]
《imperative》
▶ put
▶ place

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1421850 置く【おく】 1. to put; to place

2.

[exp] [uk]
《imperative》
▶ leave

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1421850 置く【おく】 2. to leave (behind)

3.

[exp] [uk]
《imperative; after -te form of verb》
▶ do (in preparation)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1421850 置く【おく】 9. to do something in advance

History:

10.	D 2022-11-14 00:18:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Hmm. All 96 examples are sense 3. I'm coming around to the view it's not really worth having. I'll drop it.
9.	D* 2022-11-14 00:17:05 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree.
8.	A* 2022-11-13 12:40:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I still don't think this is needed. We don't have any other -なさい entries that aren't set expressions.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1421850">置く・おく・1</xref> @@ -22 +20,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1421850">置く・おく・2</xref> @@ -29 +26,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1421850">置く・おく・9</xref>
7.	A 2018-02-22 03:28:17 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>put (imperative form)</gloss> +<s_inf>imperative</s_inf> +<gloss>put</gloss> @@ -21 +22,2 @@ -<gloss>leave (imperative form)</gloss> +<s_inf>imperative</s_inf> +<gloss>leave</gloss> @@ -27 +29,2 @@ -<gloss>do (in preparation) (imperative form, after -te form of verb)</gloss> +<s_inf>imperative; after -te form of verb</s_inf> +<gloss>do (in preparation)</gloss>
6.	A 2017-07-11 08:06:57 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	If Jim thinks it's probably useful to keep ...
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A* 2017-06-23 00:05:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Need to hold off as Tatoeba is down and I can't fix the indices. The term probably came from material used in a Japanese course. I feel that it's probably useful to keep as it's something learners may find useful.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -24,0 +26 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
4.	A* 2017-06-22 21:17:10 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	How bizarre. I'm for deleting it.
3.	A* 2017-06-22 18:42:31 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Just a regular 置き + なさい compound. Needed? (On the other hand there are 96 tagged examples of 置きなさい in the Tanaka corpus)
2.	A 2014-09-02 11:49:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Redoing xrefs.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1421850">置く・おく・1</xref> @@ -17,0 +19 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1421850">置く・おく・2</xref> @@ -21,0 +24 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1421850">置く・おく・9</xref>
1.	A 2005-12-22 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2086840 Active (id: 2213697)
口音
【こうおん】

1.

[n] {linguistics}
▶ oral consonant (as opposed to nasal)

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1486820 鼻音 2. nasal stop; nasal occlusive; nasal

History:

5.	A 2022-11-15 04:28:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree. Best dropped.
	Diff:	@@ -15,6 +14,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<field>&ling;</field> -<misc>&dated;</misc> -<gloss>pronunciation</gloss>
4.	A* 2022-11-14 16:18:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Only nikk has sense 2 and the example is from 1880. Is it dated or obsolete? Was it ever commonly used? Do we know that it's linguistics terminology? I think terms/senses that are only in nikk should be supported by examples in order to be considered for inclusion.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1486820">鼻音・2</xref> @@ -13 +14 @@ -<gloss>oral consonant (in contrast to nasal)</gloss> +<gloss>oral consonant (as opposed to nasal)</gloss>
3.	A 2022-11-13 10:45:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Koj, Daijs
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>oral consonant</gloss> +<gloss>oral consonant (in contrast to nasal)</gloss> @@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<misc>&dated;</misc>
2.	A* 2022-11-13 09:40:44 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/口音-494153
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&ling;</field> @@ -12,0 +14,5 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&ling;</field> +<gloss>pronunciation</gloss>
1.	A 2006-07-09 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2587090 Active (id: 2213572)
肉豆蒄；肉豆蔲 [rK] ；肉豆く [sK]
【にくずく；ニクズク (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ common nutmeg (tree) (Myristica fragrans)

History:

4.	A 2022-11-13 03:46:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	肉豆く 43 1.7% 肉豆蒄 135 5.3% 肉豆蔲 47 1.8% にくずく 801 31.2% ニクズク 1539 60.0%
	Diff:	@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>肉豆く</keb> -</k_ele> @@ -11,0 +9,5 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>肉豆く</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3.	A* 2022-11-13 02:29:21 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/肉豆蔲-591301 https://kotobank.jp/word/ニクズク(肉豆く)-109197
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@ +<keb>肉豆く</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -5,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>肉豆蔲</keb>
2.	A 2010-10-08 07:34:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ニクズク</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -12,0 +16,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
1.	A* 2010-10-07 23:28:38 Scott
	Refs:	gg5 prog wiki nikk

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jmdict 2856781 Active (id: 2213584)
水没車
【すいぼつしゃ】

1.

[n]
▶ flood-damaged vehicle
▶ car that has been (partially) submerged

History:

3.	A 2022-11-13 11:48:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2022-11-12 06:26:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	水没車 4104 https://www.qsha-oh.com/historia/article/submerged-car/
	Comments:	Maybe this? More common than I thought.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>（used） car that has previously been (partially) inundiated</gloss> +<gloss>flood-damaged vehicle</gloss> +<gloss>car that has been (partially) submerged</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-11-12 05:27:14

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jmdict 2856787 Active (id: 2213560)

デカセギ

1.

[n]
▶ person of Japanese decent (esp. a Japanese Brazilian) who migrates to Japan for work
▶ dekasegi

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1598560 出稼ぎ 2. person working away from home; migrant worker

History:

2.	A 2022-11-13 00:48:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The word is Japanese - it's the katakana that marks it out.
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1598560">出稼ぎ・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1598560">出稼ぎ・2</xref>
1.	A* 2022-11-13 00:00:45 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/出稼ぎ#日本人の出稼ぎ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dekasegi
	Comments:	See comments on 1598560. Not sure whether this is considered Brazilian dialect.

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jmdict 2856788 Active (id: 2213638)
整備員
【せいびいん】

1.

[n]
▶ maintenance person
▶ maintenance worker
▶ groundskeeper
▶ member of the ground crew

History:

2.	A 2022-11-14 16:01:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	chujiten, prog, luminous, wisdom
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13,3 @@ +<gloss>maintenance worker</gloss> +<gloss>groundskeeper</gloss> +<gloss>member of the ground crew</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-11-13 00:55:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 中辞典, etc. In several sentences
	Comments:	Will reindex.

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jmdict 2856789 Active (id: 2213594)
正準交換関係
【せいじゅんこうかんかんけい】

1.

[n] {physics}
▶ canonical commutation relation (quantum mechanics)
▶ CCR

History:

2.	A 2022-11-13 22:51:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 has a heap of 正準XX sub-entries, almost all physics terms.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>canonical commutation relation (CCR) (quantum mechanics)</gloss> +<gloss>canonical commutation relation (quantum mechanics)</gloss> +<gloss>CCR</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-11-13 12:17:41 mark dufour <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/交換関係_(量子力学)#正準交換関係 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonical_commutation_relation

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jmdict 2856790 Active (id: 2213593)
正準
【せいじゅん】

1.

[adj-f]
▶ canonical

History:

2.	A 2022-11-13 22:49:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Reverso
	Comments:	Seems to be always prenominal. I can't see any support for that second sense.
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<pos>&unc;</pos> +<pos>&adj-f;</pos> @@ -13,4 +12,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&unc;</pos> -<gloss>regular or associate (member)</gloss>
1.	A* 2022-11-13 12:32:34 mark dufour <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/正準 GG5
	Comments:	looks like a common prefix. GG5 has a different meaning than [1], but looking around it usually seems to mean 'canonical'. don't know how to classify.

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jmdict 2856791 Active (id: 2213591)
人の常
【ひとのつね】

1.

[exp,n]
▶ human nature

History:

2.	A 2022-11-13 22:45:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5: 誤りは人の常． It's only human to make mistakes． Eijiro
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos>
1.	A* 2022-11-13 12:57:24 mark dufour <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.ichacha.net/english/人の常.html
	Comments:	cannot find in GG5 or daijirin google n-gram: 14732

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jmdict 2856792 Active (id: 2213592)
罰符
【ばっぷ】

1.

[n] {mahjong}
▶ penalty payment
▶ points forfeited due to a rule violation

History:

2.	A 2022-11-13 22:47:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic https://www.weblio.jp/content/罰符 (麻雀用語集)
1.	A* 2022-11-13 20:17:19 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts 罰符 3,898 https://chouseisan.com/l/post-21915/ 「罰符とはルール違反に対して支払う点数のことでした。」

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jmnedict 5085554 Active (id: 2213559)

メローニ

1.

[surname]
▶ Melloni
▶ Meloni

History:

4.	A 2022-11-13 00:46:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-11-13 00:24:50 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<gloss>Meloni</gloss>
2.	A 2022-11-10 03:47:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-11-10 01:21:42 Nicolas Maia
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<misc>&unclass;</misc> +<misc>&surname;</misc>

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jmnedict 5365742 Deleted (id: 2213574)
順平
【じじゅぺい】

1.

[unclass]
▶ Junpei

History:

2.	D 2022-11-13 05:59:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, we already have the じゅんぺい version.
1.	D* 2022-11-13 05:04:28
	Comments:	Most likely created erroneously.

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jmnedict 5745283 Active (id: 2213579)
恵美可
【えみか】

1.

[fem]
▶ Emika

History:

2.	A 2022-11-13 10:37:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-11-13 07:24:23
	Refs:	https://vgmdb.net/artist/43688

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jmnedict 5745284 Active (id: 2213578)
紫歩子
【しほこ】

1.

[fem]
▶ Shihoko

History:

2.	A 2022-11-13 10:37:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-11-13 07:25:42
	Refs:	https://vgmdb.net/artist/40098

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If you have questions about, problems using, or suggestions for improving this page, please send email to jimbreen@gmail.com.
JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

2.	A 2022-11-13 11:43:55 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1499230">ぶどう</xref>
1.	A* 2022-11-12 04:49:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	グレープ 184065 94.3% グレイプ 11028 5.7%
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>グレイプ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>

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