JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1104730 Active (id: 2098388)

ビショップ

1.	[n] ▶ bishop (chess piece)
2.	[n] {Christianity} ▶ bishop

History:

2.	A 2021-03-31 01:22:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-03-30 23:50:05 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr
	Comments:	I think this is helpful for reverse lookups.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,5 @@ +<gloss>bishop (chess piece)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&Christn;</field>

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jmdict 1164400 Active (id: 2099209)
一足 [news1,nf16] ；１足
【いっそく [news1,nf16] 】

[n]
▶ a pair (of shoes or socks)

History:

7.	A 2021-03-31 23:03:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijs
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<gloss>pair (footwear)</gloss> +<gloss>a pair (of shoes or socks)</gloss>
6.	A* 2021-03-31 04:29:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A 2021-03-31 04:28:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Approving and reopening. It's upsetting the bulk update.
4.	A* 2021-03-28 06:09:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Can't see how this is an adverb.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<pos>&n-adv;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos>
3.	A 2021-03-10 00:29:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update: Removal of n-t POS -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -19 +18,0 @@ -<pos>&n-t;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2016-10-10 10:29:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-10-10 10:24:00 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>１足</keb>

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jmdict 1207610 Active (id: 2292745)
掛ける [ichi1,news1,nf20] ；懸ける
【かける [ichi1,news1,nf20] 】

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall)
▶ to let hang
▶ to suspend (from)
▶ to hoist (e.g. sail)
▶ to raise (e.g. flag)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2170420 壁にかける 1. to hang (something) on the wall

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to put on (e.g. a blanket)
▶ to put on top of
▶ to cover
▶ to lay
▶ to spread

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2837110 ラップを掛ける【ラップをかける】 1. to cover with plastic wrap (e.g. food)

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to put on (glasses, etc.)
▶ to wear (a necklace, etc.)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1911810 眼鏡を掛ける 1. to wear glasses; to put on glasses
	⇐ see: 1864960 掛け心地【かけごこち】 1. comfort (of glasses, a chair, etc.)

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to make (a call)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1896610 電話を掛ける 1. to telephone; to make a phone call

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to spend (time, money)
▶ to expend
▶ to use

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1884450 時間を掛ける 1. to spend time (on doing something)

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to pour (liquid) onto
▶ to sprinkle (powder or spices) onto
▶ to splash
▶ to throw (e.g. water) onto

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2211750 塩をかける 1. to sprinkle salt on; to salt

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to turn on (an engine, radio, etc.)
▶ to set (a dial, alarm clock, etc.)
▶ to put on (a DVD, song, etc.)
▶ to use (a device, implement, etc.)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2848638 掃除機をかける【そうじきをかける】 1. to vacuum; to clean with a vacuum cleaner

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to cause (someone inconvenience, trouble, etc.)
▶ to burden (someone)
▶ to impose

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1911730 迷惑を掛ける 1. to cause trouble (for someone); to annoy; to bother; to inconvenience
	⇐ see: 2841799 脅しをかける【おどしをかける】 1. to threaten; to make threats

[v1,vt] [uk] {mathematics}
▶ to multiply (arithmetic operation)

10.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to secure (e.g. lock)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1260500 鍵を掛ける 1. to lock

11.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to take a seat
▶ to sit
▶ to rest (something on something else)
▶ to support (something on something else)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1876640 腰を掛ける 1. to sit down; to take a seat
	⇐ see: 1864960 掛け心地【かけごこち】 1. comfort (of glasses, a chair, etc.)

12.

[v1,vt] [uk]
《also as 繋ける》
▶ to bind

13.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to wager
▶ to bet
▶ to risk
▶ to stake
▶ to gamble

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1444840 賭ける【かける】 1. to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble

14.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on

15.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to hold (a play, festival, etc.)

16.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.)

17.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to argue (in court)
▶ to deliberate (in a meeting)
▶ to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2211350 裁判に掛ける 1. to put to trial; to argue in court

18.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to increase further

19.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to catch (in a trap, etc.)

20.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to set atop

21.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to erect (a makeshift building)

22.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to apply (insurance)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1908300 保険を掛ける 1. to insure (something)

23.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to pun (on a word)
▶ to use (a word) as a pivot word
▶ to play on words

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1821300 掛詞 1. kakekotoba; pivot word; play on words (esp. in poetry); pun

24.

[suf,v1] [uk]
《after -masu stem of verb》
▶ to be partway doing ...
▶ to begin (but not complete) ...
▶ to be about to ...

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1562300 話し掛ける 2. to begin to talk; to start a conversation
	⇔ see: 2855803 治りかける 1. to start recuperating; to start healing

25.

[suf,v1] [uk]
《after -masu stem of verb; indicates an action is being directed to someone》
▶ to address (someone)
▶ to direct (something, to someone)
▶ to do (something, to someone)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1562300 話し掛ける 1. to address (someone); to accost a person; to talk (to someone)

Conjugations

History:

48.	A 2024-02-27 03:10:02 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I fixed the sense numbers in a few of the priority sentences indexed to this entry. #235225 [05] -> [09] #236991 [22] -> [11] #216296 [23] -> [25]
47.	A 2022-08-15 23:04:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	My unfavourite Japanese verb.
46.	A* 2022-08-15 21:41:21 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	命をかける 35608 67.4% 命を掛ける 2326 4.4% 命を懸ける 14933 28.2% --- 全てをかける 5200 72.4% 全てを掛ける 688 9.6% 全てを懸ける 1299 18.1%
	Comments:	I don't think 懸ける should be rK. There are contexts where it's quite common.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
45.	A 2022-08-03 02:05:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not sure.
44.	A* 2022-08-02 19:04:34 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Probably better to have the x-ref here rather than on 治りかける
	Diff:	@@ -205,0 +206,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2855803">治りかける</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2855803">治りかける</xref>
(show/hide 43 older log entries)
43.	A 2022-01-10 20:42:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'd prefer stripping the articles from the other senses.
42.	A* 2022-01-10 09:33:21 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	aligning with examples in other senses
	Diff:	@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ -<gloss>to turn on (engine, radio, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to set (dial, alarm clock, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to put on (DVD, song, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to use (device, implement, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to turn on (an engine, radio, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to set (a dial, alarm clock, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to put on (a DVD, song, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to use (a device, implement, etc.)</gloss>
41.	A 2021-11-19 10:46:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Converting somebody to someone -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -89 +89 @@ -<gloss>to cause (somebody inconvenience, trouble, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to cause (someone inconvenience, trouble, etc.)</gloss>
40.	A 2021-11-13 06:05:19 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	かける 8289469 掛ける 942767 懸ける 67775
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
39.	A 2021-04-01 01:26:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think it's more than just turning it on. I'll try and improve it.
	Diff:	@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ -<gloss>to turn on (an engine, radio, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to set (a dial, an alarm clock, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to put on (a DVD, a song, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to make a tool work</gloss> +<gloss>to turn on (engine, radio, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to set (dial, alarm clock, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to put on (DVD, song, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to use (device, implement, etc.)</gloss>
38.	A* 2021-03-31 15:27:16
	Comments:	"to make a tool work" sounds awfully weird to me. Isn't the vacuuming covered by "to turn on (a machine)"?
37.	A 2021-03-31 06:16:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Quiet. Closing.
36.	A* 2021-03-23 05:46:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 (sense 3): 〔道具を機能させる･道具で処理する･機能をセットする･契約して掛け金を払う〕
	Comments:	Explains the 掃除機をかける usage.
	Diff:	@@ -80,0 +81 @@ +<gloss>to make a tool work</gloss>
35.	A 2020-04-06 11:48:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
34.	A* 2020-04-06 09:39:51 Nicolas Maia
	Diff:	@@ -93,0 +94 @@ +<field>&math;</field>
33.	A 2019-07-18 12:17:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Anyone who reads as far as sense 25 is welcome to it.
32.	A* 2019-07-18 10:29:26 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not sure this part of the note is needed (isn't it covered by the glosses?)
	Diff:	@@ -214 +214 @@ -<s_inf>after -masu stem of verb; indicates (verb) is being directed to someone</s_inf> +<s_inf>after -masu stem of verb; indicates an action is being directed to someone</s_inf>
31.	A 2019-03-11 00:26:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	My unfavourate entry.
30.	A* 2019-03-09 20:18:58 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I prefer "also as X" over "also X"
	Diff:	@@ -118 +118 @@ -<s_inf>also 繋ける</s_inf> +<s_inf>also as 繋ける</s_inf>
29.	A 2019-03-09 20:17:49 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	For consistency,
	Diff:	@@ -72 +72 @@ -<gloss>to throw (e.g. water) onto somebody</gloss> +<gloss>to throw (e.g. water) onto</gloss>
28.	A 2018-12-14 02:48:03 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
27.	A* 2018-11-27 04:50:49 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	lum
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<gloss>to hang up (e.g. a picture on the wall)</gloss> +<gloss>to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall)</gloss> @@ -36,0 +37,2 @@ +<gloss>to lay</gloss> +<gloss>to spread</gloss>
26.	A 2018-06-16 01:41:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
25.	A* 2018-06-15 01:17:33 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Better? An actual gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -212,2 +212,4 @@ -<s_inf>after -masu stem of verb</s_inf> -<gloss>indicates (verb) is being directed to (someone)</gloss> +<s_inf>after -masu stem of verb; indicates (verb) is being directed to someone</s_inf> +<gloss>to address (someone)</gloss> +<gloss>to direct (something, to someone)</gloss> +<gloss>to do (something, to someone)</gloss>
24.	A 2018-03-19 01:50:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'll commit this now. I've spent a few hours going over the 291 sentences linked to this entry. They were a mess, as Paul Blay's original alignment with senses has been mangled by subsequent updates. I'll now embark on realigning them, which is quite a task.
23.	A* 2018-03-13 18:29:01 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	restored lost prio tags
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15,3 @@ +<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri> +<re_pri>news1</re_pri> +<re_pri>nf20</re_pri>
22.	A* 2018-02-26 22:10:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	To make this easier for whomever ends up checking this: except changing the order around, the only edits I made were 1) adding more glosses to sense ① (to hang) 2) adding more glosses ② "to cover" 3) changing the ⑤ "to take time/money" to "to spend time/money" 4) adding more glosses to ⑦ "to turn on" 5) adding more glosses to ⑧ "to cause" 6) adding a qualifier to ⑨ "to multiply" 7) adding more glosses to ⑪　"to sit" (I think that covers it)
21.	A* 2018-02-25 19:23:25 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 sense order 1. hang on (from), suspend 2. splash, pour (water) on, sprinkle. cover; wrap 3. start an engine, turn on radio, put on the brakes, lock a door, button up a coat et 4. snare, trap, net 5. spend (time), spend (money), use (time); take (time), put in (an effort) 6. cause (somebody) (trouble/inconvenience) 7. apply, administer, extend, offer 8. to offer a prayer, make a petition for 9. take sb (to trial), put sb to torture 10. stage; screen; put on; present 11. kanrendukeru, kakemochi suru, (play on words) 12. multiply _daijs (only bothered with the first few) 1 (㋐㋑㋒) to hang, to hoist 2 (㋐㋑) to put (a pot) (in contact with fire, e.g. on the stove); to weigh 3. (㋐㋑㋒㋓) (架ける)to suspend between two points , to tie (eg a ribbon) around something, to put on a play) _ (only bothered with the first few) daijr: ❶ 物をほかの物に取り付ける (with lots of subsenses: to hang; to fasten (something to a wall or high place, etc.), to hoist, put a pot on the fire, to weigh, to sit, to put on (glasses);to hang up (someone on a cross etc. as a punishment (crucifixion)) ❷ 上方から物を置く。 (with 2 subsenses: to cover something; to put something on top of something else (so that it's covered), and to pour/sprinkle (液体や粉末) _____ I went through the 124 of the most recent tweets for "掛ける" (not かける,かけて,etc. - just "掛ける"). I skipped compound verbs like 喋りかける etc. when they showed up (twitter automatically filtered most of them out) the results were something like this: 36 声を掛ける、掛ける言葉　話を掛ける 9 迷惑を掛ける,心配を掛ける 8 毛布を掛ける (all 8 spec. 毛布) 6 電話掛ける LINEで（電話を）掛ける 6 眼鏡・サングラスを掛ける 5 multiply 5 to pour (liquid on something) 5 to hang (something on something) 4 呪いを掛ける魔法をかける　催眠を掛ける 3 鍵かける 2 金を掛ける and then a whole lot of other stuff that's more abstract or spread out. I'd say there's around 20-25 that could be translated as "put/put on" (including "毛布を掛ける" and "眼鏡をかける") but they still span across several of these senses. There's of course several issues with this data but it's still somewhat useful. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1N2YWtP36eZvUkMTh VRMURjOv4n_Zhtkj3OzDYYEUndQ/
	Comments:	Everybody's favorite entry. _ I've changed the order of the senses while looking at gg5 and daij, twitter usage, while also giving (a little) consideration to make the word easier to understand for beginners. Sorry for wreaking havoc on the example sentences, but I think it had to be done eventually anyway. I have not added any new senses (though there's plenty of add) and I only added more glosses to a few of them. There's several that I think would still need editing/expansion. "apply (an insurance)" esp. sticks out as one that needs to be expanded. _ 掛ける is a really hard word to get to grips with for beginners, because there are so many meanings. One English gloss that mostly covers several of them well enough is "to put (on)". I think we'd make word easier to wrap their heads around if we pushed "put" up to the top. _ 声を掛ける、話を掛ける was by far the most common usage of "掛ける" (in that particular surface form) on twitter. GG5 has this in the middle and towards the bottom of "7 【働きかける】 apply; administer; 【相手に作用を及ばす】 extend; offer". daijs has "声を掛ける" in subsense ㋑ of sense 10, together with 電話を掛ける: "㋑送って相手に届かせる。「電話を―・ける」「言葉を―・ける」". daijr has it in a sub-subsense: "❸他にある作用を与える。他に影響を及ぼす。③ 言葉などによる働きかけをする。㋐言葉を人に向けて発する。「部下に言葉を－・ける」「生徒に声を－・ける」" I haven't added it anywhere because it's such a headache and most (if not all) of the usage should be covered by 声を掛ける, but it'd be great if somebody else would take the plunge. It should probably be a new sense, is my thinking. _ Added "(arithmetic operation)" to "multiply" because it doesn't mean "the rabbits multiplied in the next few days", but it's maybe a little unsightly. _ I changed "to take time/money" to "to spend" _ There are no xrefs to 掛ける - instead, 掛ける points to the various なんとかを掛ける entries. Shouldn't it be the other way around? Maybe that's another topic for the mailing list - how we're using the xrefs.
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21,3 @@ -<gloss>to hang (e.g. picture)</gloss> +<gloss>to hang up (e.g. a picture on the wall)</gloss> +<gloss>to let hang</gloss> +<gloss>to suspend (from)</gloss> @@ -28,31 +30,4 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1876640">腰を掛ける</xref> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to sit</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="1884450">時間を掛ける</xref> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to take (time, money)</gloss> -<gloss>to expend (money, time, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="1896610">電話を掛ける</xref> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to make (a call)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to multiply</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="1260500">鍵を掛ける</xref> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to secure (e.g. lock)</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to put on (e.g. a blanket)</gloss> +<gloss>to put on top of</gloss> +<gloss>to cover</gloss> @@ -71,2 +46,30 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to cover</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1896610">電話を掛ける</xref> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to make (a call)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1884450">時間を掛ける</xref> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to spend (time, money)</gloss> +<gloss>to expend</gloss> +<gloss>to use</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2211750">塩をかける</xref> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to pour (liquid) onto</gloss> +<gloss>to sprinkle (powder or spices) onto</gloss> +<gloss>to splash</gloss> +<gloss>to throw (e.g. water) onto somebody</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to turn on (an engine, radio, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to set (a dial, an alarm clock, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to put on (a DVD, a song, etc.)</gloss> @@ -79,27 +82,26 @@ -<gloss>to burden someone</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="1908300">保険を掛ける</xref> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to apply (insurance)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to turn on (an engine, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to set (a dial, an alarm clock, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to cause (somebody inconvenience, trouble, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to burden (someone)</gloss> +<gloss>to impose</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to multiply (arithmetic operation)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1260500">鍵を掛ける</xref> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to secure (e.g. lock)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1876640">腰を掛ける</xref> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to take a seat</gloss> +<gloss>to sit</gloss> +<gloss>to rest (something on something else)</gloss> +<gloss>to support (something on something else)</gloss> @@ -113,46 +114,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="2211750">塩をかける</xref> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to pour (or sprinkle, spray, etc.) onto</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="2211350">裁判に掛ける</xref> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to argue (in court)</gloss> -<gloss>to deliberate (in a meeting)</gloss> -<gloss>to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to increase further</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to catch (in a trap, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to set atop</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to erect (a makeshift building)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to hold (a play, festival, etc.)</gloss> @@ -173,0 +130,58 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to hold (a play, festival, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2211350">裁判に掛ける</xref> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to argue (in court)</gloss> +<gloss>to deliberate (in a meeting)</gloss> +<gloss>to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to increase further</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to catch (in a trap, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to set atop</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to erect (a makeshift building)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1908300">保険を掛ける</xref> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to apply (insurance)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos>
20.	A 2018-01-21 07:02:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This term makes me exhausted.
19.	A* 2018-01-18 20:38:25 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Maybe better?
	Diff:	@@ -174,2 +174,7 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to pun</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1821300">掛詞</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1821300">掛詞</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1821300">掛詞</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1821300">掛詞</xref> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to pun (on a word)</gloss> +<gloss>to use (a word) as a pivot word</gloss>
18.	A* 2018-01-18 04:42:07 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs "22 同音を利用して一つの語句に二つの意味を持たせる。掛け詞にする。「和歌では多く『海松布(みるめ)』に『見る目』を―・けて用いられる」" _ daijr: ❿ 言葉と言葉に関連を持たせる。 ① ある語句と他の語句との間に意味関係や文法関係をもたせる。「関係代名詞を名詞句に－・ける」 ② 掛け言葉を言う。「『長雨』を『眺め』に－・ける」 ③ かこつける。意味づける。「妹が名に－・けたる桜／万葉集 3787」
	Comments:	also added "to wear" to the "put on glasses" sense
	Diff:	@@ -15,3 +14,0 @@ -<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri> -<re_pri>news1</re_pri> -<re_pri>nf20</re_pri> @@ -68,0 +66 @@ +<gloss>to wear (a necklace, etc.)</gloss> @@ -173,0 +172,7 @@ +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to pun</gloss> +<gloss>to play on words</gloss> +</sense> +<sense>
17.	A 2015-08-28 06:45:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	we do not edit the example sentences. please submit to the tatoeba project
16.	A* 2015-08-27 19:14:42
	Comments:	Example sentence "ボブとメアリーはテープレコーダーをかけます, Bob and Mary play the recorder" seems to suffer from a misunderstanding about the type of "recorder" being referred to. The English sentence presumably refers to the musical instrument.
15.	A 2015-07-16 05:46:58 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	thanks
14.	A* 2015-07-15 15:07:53 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	KM ngrams: 絵をかける 133 絵を掛ける 41 腰をかける 496 腰を掛ける 179 時間をかける 4334 時間を掛ける 391 電話をかける 10394 電話を掛ける 1114 鍵をかける 1330 鍵を掛ける 332 眼鏡をかける 784 眼鏡を掛ける 147 迷惑をかける 12342 迷惑を掛ける 1444 保険をかける 536 保険を掛ける 178 塩をかける 311 塩を掛ける 11 裁判にかける 630 裁判に掛ける 32
	Comments:	Seems that all senses are [uk].
13.	A 2015-07-15 06:39:36 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not sure if it's actually [uk], but it's [uk]ish.
12.	A* 2015-06-25 10:51:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Sorry, but I don't think the n-grams are misleading at all in such cases. 複合動詞 are usually treated as a single morpheme and hence as a 1-gram by the good morphological analyzers. I just checked 出かける in both MeCab/Unidic and Chasen/IPADIC and in both cases it was left as a single morpheme. Unidic has a huge collection of composed 複合動詞, many of which have 掛ける/かける as the V2 component. I think the actual results leading to flagging this particular かける as "uk" are pretty solid.
11.	A* 2015-06-22 07:51:30 Timofei Shatrov <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	N-grams are misleading in this case. "かける" is part of words like "出かける" where it's a modifying verb. By itself it's usually written as "掛ける". At least in the specific senses like "multiply".
10.	A 2015-06-22 04:05:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think that's OK. Quite hard to test, and refs are a bit varied. かける in all its forms is a horror.
9.	A* 2015-06-17 06:31:24 luce
	Refs:	n-grams 掛ける 40892 懸ける 1860 かける 306358
	Comments:	I think this is one of those entries where we can safely put [uk] on every sense I'd also like to reorder these senses a bit so that the expressions come last, but that'd wreak havoc with the examples I think
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -30,0 +32 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -36,0 +39 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -43,0 +47 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -48,0 +53 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -54,0 +60 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -60,0 +67 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -65,0 +73 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -71,0 +80 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -77,0 +87 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -82,0 +93 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -88,0 +100 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -93,0 +106 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -98,0 +112 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -105,0 +120 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -111,0 +127 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -118,0 +135 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -123,0 +141 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -128,0 +147 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -133,0 +153 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -138,0 +159 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -144,0 +166 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -154,0 +177 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -163,0 +187 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
8.	A 2013-05-28 01:22:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -154,0 +154,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1562300">話し掛ける・2</xref>
7.	A 2012-12-15 00:16:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2012-12-14 23:09:19 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	moving suffix sense 3 to end with the other one
	Diff:	@@ -32,7 +32,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<gloss>to be partway (verb)</gloss> -<gloss>to begin (but not complete)</gloss> -<gloss>to be about to ...</gloss> @@ -159,1 +152,10 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<s_inf>after -masu stem of verb</s_inf> +<gloss>to be partway doing ...</gloss> +<gloss>to begin (but not complete) ...</gloss> +<gloss>to be about to ...</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&v1;</pos>
5.	A 2012-12-14 23:02:28 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	->note
	Diff:	@@ -161,1 +161,2 @@ -<gloss>(after -masu stem of verb) indicates (verb) is being directed to (someone)</gloss> +<s_inf>after -masu stem of verb</s_inf> +<gloss>indicates (verb) is being directed to (someone)</gloss>
4.	A 2012-09-23 12:12:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
3.	A* 2012-09-20 06:53:20 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this would be more useful here with a reference to 賭ける than as a note in 賭ける, so that people looking up 掛ける or 懸ける will find this meaning.
	Diff:	@@ -149,0 +149,10 @@ +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1444840">賭ける・かける</xref> +<gloss>to wager</gloss> +<gloss>to bet</gloss> +<gloss>to risk</gloss> +<gloss>to stake</gloss> +<gloss>to gamble</gloss> +</sense> +<sense>
2.	A 2012-05-22 04:51:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-05-22 01:14:33 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, prog
	Comments:	I may take a longer look at the daij entries for this later and see if anything needs to be added, but for now, mainly correcting part-of-speech.
	Diff:	@@ -38,0 +38,1 @@ +<gloss>to be about to ...</gloss> @@ -40,1 +41,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -42,0 +42,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -47,1 +48,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -49,0 +49,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -53,1 +54,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -55,0 +55,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -58,1 +59,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -60,0 +60,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -64,1 +65,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -66,0 +66,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -70,1 +71,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -72,0 +72,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -75,1 +76,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -77,0 +77,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -81,1 +82,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -83,0 +83,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -87,1 +88,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -89,0 +89,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -93,1 +94,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -95,0 +95,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -98,1 +99,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -100,0 +100,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -103,1 +104,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -105,0 +105,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -109,1 +110,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -111,0 +111,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -115,1 +116,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -117,0 +117,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -123,1 +124,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -125,0 +125,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -128,1 +129,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -130,0 +130,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -133,1 +134,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -135,0 +135,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -138,1 +139,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -140,0 +140,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -143,1 +144,0 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -145,0 +145,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1223130 Active (id: 2280359)
記 [news2,nf25]
【き [news2,nf25] 】

[n,n-suf]
《also written 紀》
▶ account
▶ history
▶ chronicle
▶ annals
▶ record

[exp]
《begins a list or details, as in 記....以上》
▶ notice
▶ note
▶ as follows

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1155120 以上 5. that's all; that is the end; the end

[n] [abbr]
▶ Kojiki (earliest historical record of Japan, compiled in 712 CE)
▶ Records of Ancient Matters

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1265460 古事記 1. Kojiki (earliest historical record of Japan, compiled in 712 CE); Records of Ancient Matters

History:

11.	A 2023-10-17 03:19:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Quiet. Closing.
10.	A* 2023-09-20 06:46:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think the use of 以上 in the bookending needs to be explained.
	Diff:	@@ -27 +27 @@ -<s_inf>precedes a list or details</s_inf> +<s_inf>begins a list or details, as in 記....以上</s_inf>
9.	A* 2023-09-20 05:33:25 Opencooper
	Refs:	* https://biz.trans-suite.jp/23855 * https://run-way.jp/lifestyle/term/kiijo/ * https://xn--fsqv94c.jp/523_1.html
	Comments:	Used in written communications after a preamble to bookend the main contents. Improvements welcome.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,8 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1155120">以上・5</xref> +<s_inf>precedes a list or details</s_inf> +<gloss>notice</gloss> +<gloss>note</gloss> +<gloss>as follows</gloss>
8.	A 2023-07-01 20:03:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning.
	Diff:	@@ -28 +28 @@ -<gloss>Kojiki</gloss> +<gloss>Kojiki (earliest historical record of Japan, compiled in 712 CE)</gloss>
7.	A 2021-03-31 05:22:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A* 2021-03-31 05:14:47 Opencooper
	Comments:	Align.
	Diff:	@@ -27,0 +28 @@ +<gloss>Kojiki</gloss>
5.	A 2011-03-28 23:13:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. To summarise, you sometimes see "(記)" after someone's name on a list of attendees, etc. It means that person took the minutes, etc., and is read しるす.
	Diff:	@@ -25,9 +25,0 @@ -<pos>&n-suf;</pos> -<s_inf>after person's name</s_inf> -<gloss>writer</gloss> -<gloss>reporter</gloss> -<gloss>chronicler</gloss> -<gloss>rapporteur</gloss> -<gloss>secretary</gloss> -</sense> -<sense>
4.	A* 2011-03-28 16:06:30 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	yes, i think either in a note here or else it should get its own entry. i think having separate 記[き], 記す[しるす], and 記[しるす] entries might be confusing, so i guess i like the note
3.	A* 2011-03-28 11:49:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, that comment by Minoru Mochizuki (whom I have met) came after I put in that amendment. He's probably right. I am at a loss how to record it. Perhaps just leave it as a comment to this entry?
2.	A* 2011-03-26 00:59:25 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	however, see last comment on that thread, presumably from a NSoJ = 記 in such a case should be read as 記す（しるす）which means “(I) wrote” or “Written by (me).” =
1.	A* 2011-03-25 21:17:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Honyaku discussion: http://groups.google.com/group/honyaku/browse_thread/thread/a416682e2a7c106f/c179a22887382d38?show_docid=c179a22887382d38&pli=1
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +25,9 @@ +<pos>&n-suf;</pos> +<s_inf>after person's name</s_inf> +<gloss>writer</gloss> +<gloss>reporter</gloss> +<gloss>chronicler</gloss> +<gloss>rapporteur</gloss> +<gloss>secretary</gloss> +</sense> +<sense>

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jmdict 1246140 Active (id: 2099221)
空路 [news1,nf15]
【くうろ [news1,nf15] 】

1.	[n] ▶ air route ▶ air lane
2.	[adv] ▶ by air ▶ by plane

History:

4.	A 2021-04-01 00:51:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	That caught my eye too. Quite a few could do with that sort of split.
3.	A* 2021-03-31 23:38:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daijr
	Comments:	Splitting out adverbial usage into a separate sense.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,4 @@ +<gloss>air route</gloss> +<gloss>air lane</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> @@ -17 +21,2 @@ -<gloss>air lane</gloss> +<gloss>by air</gloss> +<gloss>by plane</gloss>
2.	A 2021-03-31 04:33:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update n-adv to n,adv -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15,2 @@ -<pos>&n-adv;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos>
1.	A 2021-03-10 00:30:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update: Removal of n-t POS -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<pos>&n-t;</pos>

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jmdict 1315720 Active (id: 2146642)
持つ [ichi1,news1,nf08]
【もつ [ichi1,news1,nf08] 】

[v5t,vt]
▶ to hold (in one's hand)
▶ to take
▶ to carry

[v5t,vt]
▶ to possess
▶ to have
▶ to own

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1315730 持てる【もてる】 1. to be able to possess (hold, get, etc.)

[v5t,vt]
▶ to maintain
▶ to keep

[v5t,vt]
▶ to last
▶ to be durable
▶ to keep
▶ to survive

[v5t,vt]
▶ to take charge of
▶ to be in charge of

[v5t,vt]
▶ to hold (meeting, etc.)
▶ to have (opportunity, etc.)

[v5t] [col]
《esp. as 持ってる》
▶ to have "it"
▶ to have that special something
▶ to be blessed with good luck

Conjugations

History:

8.	A 2021-09-13 21:47:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Looks good.
7.	A* 2021-09-13 14:51:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's not about having luck as in, "you were just lucky"
	Diff:	@@ -62 +62 @@ -<gloss>to have (persistently) good luck</gloss> +<gloss>to be blessed with good luck</gloss>
6.	A* 2021-09-13 14:48:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs 持ってる entry
	Diff:	@@ -55,0 +56,8 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<s_inf>esp. as 持ってる</s_inf> +<gloss>to have "it"</gloss> +<gloss>to have that special something</gloss> +<gloss>to have (persistently) good luck</gloss> +</sense>
5.	A 2021-03-31 06:14:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Quiet, closing. I see most of the GG5 examples are ...を持つ, etc. I'll index those sentences.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -23,0 +25 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -29,0 +32 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -34,0 +38 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -41,0 +46 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -46,0 +52 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
4.	A* 2021-03-22 00:04:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	This is #9 of GG5's 12 senses. There are two Tanaka sentences with 会合を持った which I'd like to link appropriately.
	Diff:	@@ -44,0 +45,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<gloss>to hold (meeting, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to have (opportunity, etc.)</gloss> +</sense>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A 2012-12-13 22:08:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	GG5 has 12 senses for this, but I think many overlap a lot.
2.	A* 2012-12-13 02:30:54 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, 新和英中辞典
	Comments:	could have a couple of more senses, but とりあえず
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,2 @@ -<gloss>to hold</gloss> +<gloss>to hold (in one's hand)</gloss> +<gloss>to take</gloss> @@ -24,0 +25,19 @@ +<gloss>to have</gloss> +<gloss>to own</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<gloss>to maintain</gloss> +<gloss>to keep</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<gloss>to last</gloss> +<gloss>to be durable</gloss> +<gloss>to keep</gloss> +<gloss>to survive</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5t;</pos> +<gloss>to take charge of</gloss> +<gloss>to be in charge of</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-12-13 01:01:23
	Comments:	Hi, as I understand it, 持つ can also mean "to last/persist/endure".

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jmdict 1327790 Active (id: 2098387)
手術 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
【しゅじゅつ [ichi1,news1,nf03] ；しゅずつ [ik] 】

[n,vs]
▶ surgery
▶ operation
▶ procedure

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2833367 サージェリー 1. surgery

[n,vs] [obs]
▶ skill with one's hands
▶ sleight of hand

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2021-03-31 00:54:31 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2021-03-30 23:59:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think that meaning is obsolete. No mention of it in daijs, meikyo or shinmeikai.
	Diff:	@@ -23 +22,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -31 +30,2 @@ -<misc>&dated;</misc> +<misc>&obs;</misc> +<gloss>skill with one's hands</gloss> @@ -33 +32,0 @@ -<gloss>hand skill</gloss>
7.	A 2021-03-30 11:04:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2021-03-30 05:31:01 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	also on google books: 八月二十三日から、英國の奇術師ダブリュー・エー・ダビス一座の甚夜二回興行があり、共番組は「カルタの手術』『タンブルの手術』『時計の魔術』『ハンカチーフの奇術』『金貨の奇術」「暗室中の細】『水火の奇術』『人形の奇聲』 (book from 1936)
5.	A* 2021-03-30 04:36:34 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj daijr https://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/GAZO/data7/standard/133731534611/006.jpg a flyer from the rekihaku's 見世物史料 collection, Meiji period, advertising "日本一かるた手術", a sleight of hand card show it appears
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +27,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<misc>&dated;</misc> +<gloss>sleight of hand</gloss> +<gloss>hand skill</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A 2018-01-26 10:17:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2018-01-23 02:26:06 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.excite.co.jp/News/column_g/20161212/Mycom_fr eshers__gmd_articles_1156.html?_p=2 "●しゅずつ(手術) 「しゅじゅつ」と読みますが、確かに言いにくいですよね。でも、正しく読みを入れないと変換できません。" https://www.excite.co.jp/News/bit/00091153931398.html "テレビで著名人が手術したニュースを報じるとき、「しゅじゅつ」とキチンと発音しないアナウンサーなどが多いことが、以前から気になっていた。最初は「いま、かんだ？」と思ったが、気にしてみると、ちゃんと「しゅじゅつ」と言う人のほうが稀で、多くは「しゅずつ」や「しじゅつ」。なかには「しいつ」なんて人もいる。" http://qa.itmedia.co.jp/qa8941698.html "手術を、しゅずつ…もしくは、しゅづつだと思っていたのですが、何度やっても漢字変換で出てこない。しゅじゅつ！だったのですね。でも…言う時は、しゅずつと言いませんか？" https://twitter.com/fairuna/status/416790175138603009
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>しゅずつ</reb> +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +</r_ele>
2.	A 2017-09-04 20:07:34 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-09-02 23:17:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 and most JEs include "surgery".
	Comments:	I think this is clearer.
	Diff:	@@ -20 +20,2 @@ -<gloss>(surgical) operation</gloss> +<gloss>surgery</gloss> +<gloss>operation</gloss>

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jmdict 1415890 Active (id: 2099208)
託ける；託つける
【かこつける】

[v1,vi] [uk]
▶ to use as a pretext
▶ to use as an excuse

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-03-31 20:32:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	託つける 29 託ける 476 かこつける 1083
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>託つける</keb> +<keb>託ける</keb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>託ける</keb> +<keb>託つける</keb>
3.	A* 2021-03-31 12:54:31
	Refs:	meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2017-04-18 23:03:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-04-18 20:10:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, googits
	Comments:	Simplified. Usually written in kana.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,2 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to use as a pretext</gloss> @@ -17,3 +18,0 @@ -<gloss>to pretend that</gloss> -<gloss>to use something as an excuse</gloss> -<gloss>to make something the pretext (for)</gloss>

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jmdict 1455160 Active (id: 2099223)
特段 [news1,nf23]
【とくだん [news1,nf23] 】

1.	[adj-no] ▶ exceptional ▶ unusual ▶ special
2.	[adv] ▶ especially ▶ exceptionally ▶ unusually

History:

5.	A 2021-04-01 01:01:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
4.	A* 2021-03-31 23:19:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Maybe better to split out adverbial usage into a separate sense.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -19,0 +19,6 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<gloss>especially</gloss> +<gloss>exceptionally</gloss> +<gloss>unusually</gloss>
3.	A* 2021-03-31 05:39:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc. 特段 527425 特段の 407512 特段に 11326
	Comments:	Not "a special".
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<gloss>exceptional</gloss> +<gloss>unusual</gloss>
2.	A 2021-03-31 04:43:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update n-adv to n,adv -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15,2 @@ -<pos>&n-adv;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos>
1.	A 2021-03-10 00:35:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update: Removal of n-t POS -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<pos>&n-t;</pos>

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jmdict 1551150 Active (id: 2099222)
陸路 [news1,nf18]
【りくろ [news1,nf18] 】

1.	[n] ▶ land route ▶ overland route
2.	[adv] ▶ by land ▶ overland

History:

6.	A 2021-04-01 00:54:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, I agree. I'll try and dig them out.
5.	A* 2021-03-31 23:36:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	These n-adv senses were often the result of splitting out "副詞的にも用いる" usage into a separate sense, so dropping "n" is correct. Noun usage is covered by sense 1. After the n-adv to [n,adv] conversion, there are probably quite a lot of entries that need to have "n" removed.
4.	A* 2021-03-31 11:01:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5,ルミナス
	Comments:	I think the 2nd sense is only adverbial.
	Diff:	@@ -20 +19,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos>
3.	A 2021-03-31 04:45:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update n-adv to n,adv -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -20 +20,2 @@ -<pos>&n-adv;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos>
2.	A 2020-07-27 00:06:53 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2020-07-26 14:50:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	I think it's clearer to have a separate n-adv sense.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15,5 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>land route</gloss> +<gloss>overland route</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> @@ -16,3 +21,2 @@ -<pos>&n-t;</pos> -<gloss>overland route</gloss> -<gloss>land route</gloss> +<gloss>by land</gloss> +<gloss>overland</gloss>

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jmdict 1597200 Active (id: 2098401)
頼る [ichi1,news1,nf19] ；便る
【たよる [ichi1,news1,nf19] 】

[v5r,vi,vt]
▶ to rely on
▶ to depend on
▶ to count on
▶ to turn to (for help)

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2021-03-31 03:52:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
5.	A* 2021-03-30 16:35:54 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo: 「腕力に頼って解決する」「山勘やまかんに頼って捜査する」のように、自動詞的にも使う。これを他動詞で表現すると、それぞれ「解決を腕力に頼る」「捜査を山勘に頼る」となる。
	Comments:	It's both. Meikyo is the only kokugo that marks it as transitive. I don't think we need a note.
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -22 +22,0 @@ -<s_inf>often 〜に頼る, etc.</s_inf>
4.	A 2021-03-30 11:03:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	That goes way back. Probably worth mentioning it's usually ...に頼る.
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21,2 @@ -<pos>&vi;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<s_inf>often 〜に頼る, etc.</s_inf>
3.	A* 2021-03-30 05:28:43
	Refs:	https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/japanese-english/頼る https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/頼る
	Comments:	Should be transitive verb instead of intransitive
2.	A 2017-10-20 04:07:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2017-10-18 21:03:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	"To have recourse to" means to be able to use for help. I don't think it fits here.
	Diff:	@@ -23 +22,0 @@ -<gloss>to have recourse to</gloss> @@ -24,0 +24,2 @@ +<gloss>to count on</gloss> +<gloss>to turn to (for help)</gloss>

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jmdict 1653090 Active (id: 2163999)
投げ売り [news2,nf36] ；投売り
【なげうり [news2,nf36] 】

[n,vs,vt]
▶ sacrifice sale
▶ selling at a loss
▶ dumping
▶ clearance sale

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-11-18 01:21:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2021-04-01 01:01:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-03-31 23:10:54 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>投売り</keb> @@ -16 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>bargain (sacrifice) sale</gloss> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>sacrifice sale</gloss> @@ -18,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>clearance sale</gloss>

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jmdict 1845710 Active (id: 2287098)
虎の子；トラの子 [sK] ；虎のこ [sK] ；とらの子 [sK] ；トラの仔 [sK] ；虎の仔 [sK]
【とらのこ】

1.	[exp,n] ▶ tiger cub
2.	[exp,n] [id] ▶ one's treasure ▶ precious savings

History:

10.	A 2024-01-02 10:15:17 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2024-01-02 07:15:54 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	〈虎／とら／トラ〉の〈子／仔／こ／コ〉 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 虎の子　 │ 56,615 │ 63.9% │ │ トラの子 │ 5,337 │ 6.0% │ - sK │ 虎のこ　 │ 4,335 │ 4.9% │ - add, sK │ とらの子 │ 2,164 │ 2.4% │ - sK │ トラの仔 │ 184 │ 0.2% │ - sK │ 虎の仔　 │ 62 │ 0.1% │ - sK │ 虎のコ　 │ 22 │ 0.0% │ │ とらのこ │ 19,683 │ 22.2% │ │ トラのコ │ 171 │ 0.2% │ │ トラのこ │ 38 │ 0.0% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Simplifying reading restrictions
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,5 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>虎のこ</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -11,0 +17 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,0 +21 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -17,0 +25 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -21,8 +28,0 @@ -<re_restr>虎の子</re_restr> -<re_restr>とらの子</re_restr> -<re_restr>虎の仔</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>トラのこ</reb> -<re_restr>トラの子</re_restr> -<re_restr>トラの仔</re_restr>
8.	A 2021-04-01 00:50:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2021-03-31 23:16:19 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daijs, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -30,0 +31 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -34,0 +36 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -38 +40 @@ -<gloss>precious</gloss> +<gloss>precious savings</gloss>
6.	A 2017-12-13 11:52:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A* 2017-12-02 06:50:09 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -36 +36,3 @@ -<gloss>treasure (as it is said that tigers treasure their young)</gloss> +<misc>&id;</misc> +<gloss>one's treasure</gloss> +<gloss>precious</gloss>
4.	A 2016-10-12 00:27:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-10-11 09:29:49 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	虎の子 56615 トラの子 5337 とらの子 2164 トラの仔 184 虎の仔 62 とらの仔 No matches
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,6 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>虎の子</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>トラの子</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8 +14,4 @@ -<keb>虎の子</keb> +<keb>トラの仔</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>虎の仔</keb> @@ -11,0 +21,8 @@ +<re_restr>虎の子</re_restr> +<re_restr>とらの子</re_restr> +<re_restr>虎の仔</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>トラのこ</reb> +<re_restr>トラの子</re_restr> +<re_restr>トラの仔</re_restr>
2.	A 2011-03-11 03:48:44 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-03-08 23:42:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Slightly more common this way.
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>とらの子</keb> +</k_ele>

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jmdict 1899460 Active (id: 2165915)
成駒；成り駒；なり駒
【なりこま；なりごま】

[n] {shogi}
▶ promoted piece

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1375610 成る 10. to be promoted

History:

4.	A 2021-11-24 13:53:08 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	成り駒 865 成り駒 865 成駒 4297 なりごま 86 成りごま No matches なり駒 481
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>なり駒</keb>
3.	A 2021-11-24 11:28:55 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18,2 +18 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1375610">成る・7</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1375610">成る・7</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1375610">成る・10</xref>
2.	A 2021-03-31 02:23:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-03-30 23:20:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	成駒 4297 成り駒 865
	Comments:	Nikk and jwiki have なりごま as the only reading.
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>成駒</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -9,0 +13,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>なりごま</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -12 +18,3 @@ -<gloss>promoted chessman</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1375610">成る・7</xref> +<field>&shogi;</field> +<gloss>promoted piece</gloss>

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jmdict 2022980 Active (id: 2098394)
借株；借り株
【かりかぶ】

1.	[n] {sumo} ▶ rented coaching stock
2.	[n] {finance} ▶ stock borrowing

History:

5.	A 2021-03-31 02:26:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-03-30 21:30:49
	Refs:	Daijr KOD https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGKKZO70508260Q1A330C2EA1000/ 損失が発生する見通しと発表した野村ホールディングスやクレディ・スイスは、ヘッジファンドやファミリーオフィスに、投資資金の融資や、証券の保管・決済、借株の調達などのサービスを提供している。
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>借り株</keb> @@ -13,0 +17,5 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&finc;</field> +<gloss>stock borrowing</gloss>
3.	A 2012-06-28 07:30:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,1 +13,1 @@ -<gloss>rented sumo coaching stock</gloss> +<gloss>rented coaching stock</gloss>
2.	A* 2012-06-26 13:32:07 Scott
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@ +<field>&sumo;</field>
1.	A 2004-09-17 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2068750 Active (id: 2214628)
小まめ；小忠実 [rK] ；小マメ [sK]
【こまめ】

[adj-na] [uk]
▶ diligent
▶ earnest
▶ attentive to detail
▶ brisk (working, moving)
▶ frequent (e.g. checking)

History:

7.	A 2022-11-29 05:30:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-11-29 03:51:27 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 小まめ │ 54,141 │ 5.1% │ │ 小マメ │ 3,345 │ 0.3% │ 🡠 sK │ 小忠実 │ 75 │ 0.0% │ 🡠 rK (daijr/s, meikyo) │ こまめ │ 1,006,363 │ 94.6% │ │ こマメ │ 283 │ 0.0% │ 🡠 dropping restrictions ╰─ーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8,2 @@ -<keb>小マメ</keb> +<keb>小忠実</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -11 +12,2 @@ -<keb>小忠実</keb> +<keb>小マメ</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -15,6 +16,0 @@ -<re_restr>小まめ</re_restr> -<re_restr>小忠実</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>こマメ</reb> -<re_restr>小マメ</re_restr>
5.	A 2021-03-31 02:27:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-03-30 20:20:51 Tyler Winn <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	実用日本語表現辞典 Google N-gram Corpus Counts 小まめ 54141 小マメ 3345 小忠実 75
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<keb>小マメ</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -11,0 +15,6 @@ +<re_restr>小まめ</re_restr> +<re_restr>小忠実</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>こマメ</reb> +<re_restr>小マメ</re_restr>
3.	A 2018-12-07 17:51:26 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ウィズダム和英辞典: "こまめに働く work briskly" "こまめに動く move briskly" "こまめに水を飲む drink water frequently" eij: "小まめに確認する check frequently"
	Comments:	I don't think it's a separate sense.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>earnest</gloss> @@ -18,5 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>earnest</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> -<gloss>frequent</gloss> +<gloss>brisk (working, moving)</gloss> +<gloss>frequent (e.g. checking)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2018-12-06 07:03:55 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	only one sense in daij, gg5 lum has an adverb sense (briskly; often)
	Diff:	@@ -16,2 +16,3 @@ -<gloss>taking care</gloss> -<gloss>working well</gloss> +<gloss>diligent</gloss> +<gloss>attentive to detail</gloss> +<gloss>earnest</gloss>
1.	A 2005-12-22 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2068850 Active (id: 2099194)
目合ひ；目合
【まぐわい】

1.	[n,vs] [uk,arch] ▶ sexual intercourse
2.	[n,vs] [uk,arch] ▶ communicating love through eye contact ▶ exchanging looks

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-03-31 06:26:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think 目交ひ belongs here. It should be in 目交い/まなかい, but I think it's not needed at all.
	Diff:	@@ -9,3 +8,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>目交ひ</keb>
2.	A* 2021-03-31 05:40:52 Opencooper
	Refs:	daijs
	Comments:	gg5 has "sexual intercourse" so left it as the first sense.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,8 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<misc>&arch;</misc> +<gloss>communicating love through eye contact</gloss> +<gloss>exchanging looks</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A 2005-12-22 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2079430 Active (id: 2098404)
大葉
【おおば】

[n,adj-no]
▶ beefsteak plant
▶ perilla

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1311720 紫蘇 1. shiso (Perilla frutescens var. crispa); perilla; beefsteak plant

[n,adj-no]
▶ megaphylls
▶ [lit] large leaf

History:

5.	A 2021-03-31 04:02:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
4.	A* 2021-03-29 05:59:54 MarcusAseth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ジャボチカバ https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/植物の進化 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphylls_and_megaphylls
	Comments:	I looked some more into it, 小葉 has "small leaf" meaning on daijisen/daijiten/daijirin, so that should also be relevant I think (although currently missing on JMDict) Also in the first reference link above from wikipedia they are used with 系: 日本では小葉系と大葉系と中葉系（大実の成る系統はアッスーと名付けられている）に分類され流通している。 From the second link: 一般的には葉と言えば「大葉（en:megaphylls）」であり and 大葉（いわゆる「葉」）の葉脈の枝分かれパターンは、2分岐が網目状になったものが起源である可能性がある。 So it seems to be more about the fact that 大葉(Megaphylls) have a complex network of veins, as it explains in the third link So the j-j dictionary entries might be not up to date on this
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>megaphylls</gloss>
3.	A 2021-03-29 03:14:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	大辞泉 seems to be alone with that sense.
	Comments:	Funny that no other reference has it. WWW hits and images are all for perilla leaves.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,3 @@ -<gloss>large leaf</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1311720">紫蘇</xref> +<gloss>beefsteak plant</gloss> +<gloss>perilla</gloss> @@ -18,3 +20 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1311720">紫蘇</xref> -<gloss>beefsteak plant</gloss> -<gloss>perilla</gloss> +<gloss g_type="lit">large leaf</gloss>
2.	A* 2021-03-28 11:41:54 MarcusAseth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/大葉-450531
	Comments:	missing definition for "大きな葉。"
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>large leaf</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A 2006-03-07 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2460440 Active (id: 2270610)

キュービット；キュビット；キュビト

[n] [hist]
▶ cubit (ancient unit of length)

History:

8.	A 2023-06-04 20:59:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<misc>&hist;</misc>
7.	A 2021-04-01 21:15:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2021-04-01 16:18:27 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/キュビット
	Comments:	I think "クビット" is only used for qubit.
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>キュービット</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -8,3 +10,0 @@ -<reb>キュービット</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -12,3 +11,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>クビット</reb> @@ -18 +15 @@ -<gloss>cubit</gloss> +<gloss>cubit (ancient unit of length)</gloss>
5.	A 2021-03-31 11:18:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.technologyreview.jp/nl/ibms-new-53-qubit-quantum-computer-is-the-most-powerful-machine-you-can-use/ IBM、53キュービットの量子コンピューターをクラウドで提供へ IBM’s new 53 qubit quantum computer is the most powerful machine you can use
	Comments:	Yes, there are examples of it in use. I'll split it out.
	Diff:	@@ -19,5 +18,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="2460450">量子ビット</xref> -<gloss>qubit</gloss>
4.	A* 2021-03-31 01:31:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/量子ビット -> "Qubit（キュービット・キュビット・クビット等）と書くことが多い。"
	Comments:	What I'm not sure of is whether "キュービット" is used for 量子ビット in Japanese, or whether the Wikipedia page is just saying how to pronounce Qubit. If the former, then we need to split. If the latter, the sense can probably be dropped.
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2021-03-31 00:03:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Should this be split into two entries?
2.	A* 2021-03-30 10:53:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	キュービット 4179 キュビット 90617 クビット 51 キュビト 3127 Unidic
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>キュビット</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -8 +11 @@ -<reb>キュビット</reb> +<reb>キュビト</reb>
1.	A 2009-06-20 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2556600 Active (id: 2099207)
花も恥らう；花も恥じらう
【はなもはじらう】

[exp,adj-f] [id]
▶ outblooming even a flower (of a young girl)
▶ [lit] even the flower blushes (before her beauty)

History:

5.	A 2021-03-31 19:35:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	花も恥じらう 2409 花も恥らう 7624
	Comments:	Curious.
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>花も恥じらう</keb> +<keb>花も恥らう</keb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>花も恥らう</keb> +<keb>花も恥じらう</keb>
4.	A* 2021-03-31 18:37:16
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>花も恥らう</keb>
3.	A 2018-06-26 06:57:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	花も恥じらい 44 花も恥じらっ 22 花も恥じらう 2409
	Comments:	A few inflected versions.
2.	A* 2018-06-14 16:06:19 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij
	Comments:	I think this is adj-f rather than a verb, looking at the usage
	Diff:	@@ -12,3 +12,4 @@ -<pos>&v5u;</pos> -<gloss>(girl) who outblooms even a flower</gloss> -<gloss g_type="lit">even the flower will blush (before her beauty)</gloss> +<pos>&adj-f;</pos> +<misc>&id;</misc> +<gloss>outblooming even a flower (of a young girl)</gloss> +<gloss g_type="lit">even the flower blushes (before her beauty)</gloss>
1.	A 2010-07-11 08:48:40 Scott
	Refs:	gg5

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jmdict 2810550 Active (id: 2098399)
一山いくら；一山幾ら
【ひとやまいくら】

1.	[adj-no,n] ▶ dirt cheap ▶ very cheap ▶ worthless
2.	[n] ▶ lot (in a sale)

History:

5.	A 2021-03-31 03:47:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	一山いくら 3422 一山幾ら 836
4.	A* 2021-03-31 02:43:46 dowry <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>一山幾ら</keb>
3.	A 2014-03-05 02:30:25 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5
	Comments:	sense 1 also an n. i'm also not sure about sense 2
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos>
2.	A* 2014-03-04 22:40:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5: あんなやつらは一山いくらという連中だ． People like that are 「useless ［worthless］．｜ They are a worthless bunch. GG5: 大小取り混ぜて売る sell large and small ones all mixed together; 〔一山いくらで〕 sell 「by ［in］ lot Eijiro: 一山いくらで売る : sell goods by the tally
	Comments:	Not really sure on sense 2. It might be specifically 一山いくらで.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,5 @@ +<gloss>worthless</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>lot (in a sale)</gloss>
1.	A* 2014-03-04 20:32:50 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr

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jmdict 2825580 Active (id: 2099212)
追証拠金
【おいしょうこきん】

[n] {finance}
▶ additional cover
▶ more margin

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2825590 追証 1. additional cover; more margin; remargin

History:

3.	A 2021-03-31 23:13:37 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s 追証 59230 追証拠金 3524
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2825590">追証</xref>
2.	A 2014-10-19 06:18:12 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2014-10-19 00:31:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, Koj,GG5

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jmdict 2825590 Active (id: 2099211)
追証；追い証
【おいしょう】

[n] {finance}
▶ additional cover
▶ more margin
▶ remargin

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2825580 追証拠金 1. additional cover; more margin

History:

4.	A 2021-03-31 23:13:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj 追証 59230 追証拠金 3524
	Comments:	Not an abbreviation according to the kokugos.
	Diff:	@@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -18 +16,0 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc>
3.	A 2021-03-30 19:47:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	追い証 8194 追証 59230 GG5
	Comments:	From rejected submission.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>追い証</keb> @@ -17,0 +21 @@ +<gloss>remargin</gloss>
2.	A 2014-10-19 06:17:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2014-10-19 00:32:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, Koj,GG5

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jmdict 2848671 Active (id: 2098403)
種雄
【たねお】

[n]
▶ sire (animal breeding)

History:

2.	A 2021-03-31 03:57:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Quiet. Closing.
1.	A* 2021-03-22 00:24:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic, Igaku, リーダーズ+プラス種雄 30789 種雄牛 21612
	Comments:	Odd that the JEs and kokugos are silent on it.

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jmdict 2848735 Active (id: 2098395)
のべ竿；延べ竿
【のべざお】

[n]
▶ fishing rod with the line connected to the tip (i.e. without a reel or guides)

[n]
▶ fishing rod made of a single piece of bamboo

[n]
▶ one-piece shamisen neck

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1579450 三味線 1. shamisen; samisen; three-stringed Japanese lute

History:

6.	A 2021-03-31 02:26:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
5.	A* 2021-03-30 17:19:46 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr 延べ竿 4500 のべ竿 6822
	Comments:	I think we can split it into two senses. The kokugos also have a non-fishing sense.
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>のべ竿</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -12 +15,4 @@ -<gloss>jointless fishing rod, usu. with no reel and the line connected to the tip</gloss> +<gloss>fishing rod with the line connected to the tip (i.e. without a reel or guides)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -13,0 +20,5 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1579450">三味線</xref> +<gloss>one-piece shamisen neck</gloss>
4.	A* 2021-03-29 00:22:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Maybe this works. Certainly this seems to be the modern usage.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<gloss>jointless fishing rod, usu. with no reel and the line connected to the tip</gloss> @@ -13 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>jointless fishing rod</gloss>
3.	A* 2021-03-28 08:48:47 MarcusAseth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://fishingjapan.jp/fishing/8315 https://tsurihack.com/1618 http://hisayukitakuko.web.fc2.com/rod.jpg
	Comments:	from the first link:延べ竿とは、ラインを通すガイドの付いていないロッドのことです。 from the second link: 延べ竿(のべ竿)とは、竿先にそのまま糸を結んで使う釣竿の総称。 the third link visually shows the difference, also the other links I've found and the images results from google image all agree that the fact it doesn't use a reel or guide and that the line is linked to the tip is what sets it apart The second link also go on on saying: 元々は継ぎがなく、竹などのを用いた１本の釣り竿のことを指し、リールを取り付ける部分や、糸を通すガイドはありません。現在では技術の進歩とともに、伸縮できる振出タイプになっています。 Therefore I tend to believe that even the j-j entry from the dictionaries are not up to date with this item
2.	A 2021-03-28 08:13:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, ルミナス
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>bamboo fishing rod</gloss> -<gloss>fishing rod that has the line connected to the tip</gloss> +<gloss>fishing rod made of a single piece of bamboo</gloss> +<gloss>jointless fishing rod</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2021-03-28 07:47:30 MarcusAseth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.fishing-labo.net/modules/xwords/word599_1.htm https://tsurihack.com/1618 https://kotobank.jp/word/延べ竿-597251

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jmdict 2848752 Active (id: 2098385)

ジャボチカバ

[n]
▶ jaboticaba (Plinia cauliflora)
▶ jabuticaba
▶ Brazilian grapetree

History:

2.	A 2021-03-31 00:07:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-03-30 02:01:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ＫＯＤ追加語彙ジャボチカバ 2322
	Comments:	kOD has Myrciaria cauliflora, but I suspect Wikipedia is more up-to-date.

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jmdict 2848753 Active (id: 2098386)

キロオーム

[n]
▶ kiloohm
▶ kilohm

History:

2.	A 2021-03-31 00:11:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Wiktionary describes "kilohm" as an alternative spelling.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<gloss>kiloohm</gloss> @@ -10 +10,0 @@ -<gloss>kiloohm</gloss>
1.	A* 2021-03-30 11:10:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	キロオーム 1470 理化学英和辞典, 医学英和辞典, Unidic

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jmdict 2848758 Active (id: 2098400)
太平洋ゴミベルト
【たいへいようゴミベルト】

[n]
▶ Great Pacific garbage patch
▶ GPGP

History:

2.	A 2021-03-31 03:51:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/太平洋ゴミベルト
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>Great Pacific Garbage Patch</gloss> +<gloss>Great Pacific garbage patch</gloss> +<gloss>GPGP</gloss>
1.	A* 2021-03-30 14:47:14 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/太平洋ゴミベルト-1612393

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jmdict 2848761 Active (id: 2098393)
丸面子；丸めんこ；丸メンコ
【まるめんこ (丸面子, 丸めんこ)；まるメンコ (丸メンコ) 】

[n]
▶ round menko

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1533450 面子【めんこ】 1. menko; children's game in which thick circular or rectangular cards are slapped down on the ground to overturn other cards

History:

2.	A 2021-03-31 02:25:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-03-31 02:13:36 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	丸めんこ 306 丸面子 507 丸メンコ 191

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jmdict 2848762 Active (id: 2099198)

キロボルト

[n] {electricity, elec. eng.}
▶ kilovolt
▶ kV

History:

2.	A 2021-03-31 11:23:27 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-03-31 02:32:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 中辞典キロボルト 4759

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jmdict 2848763 Active (id: 2099196)

キュビット；キュービット；キュビト；クビット

[n] {computing}
▶ qubit
▶ quantum bit
▶ qbit

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2460450 量子ビット 1. quantum bit; qubit

History:

A 2021-03-31 11:17:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>

Refs:

https://www.technologyreview.jp/nl/ibms-new-53-qubit-quantum-computer-is-the-most-powerful-machine-you-can-use/
IBM、53キュービットの量子コンピューターをクラウドで提供へ
IBM’s new 53 qubit quantum computer is the most powerful machine you can use

Comments:

Split from 2460440. See discussion there.

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jmdict 2848764 Active (id: 2173904)

スタディオン

[n] [hist]
▶ stadion (Greek and Roman unit of length, approx. 185m)
▶ stadium
▶ stade

History:

4.	A 2022-01-14 08:35:19 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<misc>&hist;</misc>
3.	A 2021-04-01 16:02:34 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadion_(unit)
	Comments:	スタディオン comes from the Greek.
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9 @@ -<gloss>stade (Greek and Roman unit of distance, approx. 185m)</gloss> +<gloss>stadion (Greek and Roman unit of length, approx. 185m)</gloss> @@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<gloss>stade</gloss>
2.	A* 2021-04-01 01:08:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.britannica.com/science/measurement-system#ref796593 "The most frequently used itinerary measures were the furlong or stade (stadium), the mile (mille passus), and the league (leuga). The stade consisted of 625 Roman feet (185 metres or 606.9 feet), or 125 paces, and was equal to one-eighth of a mile."
	Comments:	Fiddling.
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9,2 @@ -<gloss>stadium (Greek and Roman unit of length)</gloss> +<gloss>stade (Greek and Roman unit of distance, approx. 185m)</gloss> +<gloss>stadium</gloss>
1.	A* 2021-03-31 11:27:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	スタディオン 3219 リーダーズ+プラス, UniDic
	Comments:	No relation to スタジアム, apart from etymology.

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jmdict 2848765 Active (id: 2099219)

キャンパスライフ；キャンパス・ライフ

[n]
▶ campus life
▶ student life
▶ life as a university student

History:

2.	A 2021-04-01 00:50:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 中辞典, etc.
	Comments:	I think "campus life" is OK as a gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="eng">campus life</lsource> +<gloss>campus life</gloss>
1.	A* 2021-03-31 13:03:52
	Refs:	https://www.weblio.jp/content/キャンパスライフ

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jmdict 2848766 Active (id: 2099226)
秘密計算
【ひみつけいさん】

[n] {computing}
▶ secure computation
▶ secure computing

History:

2.	A 2021-04-01 01:16:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_multi-party_computation https://acompany.tech/blog/technology-secure-computing/ - "秘密計算とは「データを暗号化したまま計算できる技術」です。秘密計算によって計算結果以外のデータは誰も見ることができないようになります。 ..." 秘密計算 214
	Comments:	Hard to come up with a meaningful gloss. In the news quite a bit lately.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&comp;</field> @@ -12,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>secure computing</gloss>
1.	A* 2021-03-31 17:05:37 John Fry <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Technical subfield of information science.

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jmdict 2848767 Active (id: 2099218)
同一労働同一賃金
【どういつろうどうどういつちんぎん】

[n]
▶ (principle of) equal pay for equal work

History:

2.	A 2021-04-01 00:48:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Koj, Daijr, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>equal pay for equal work</gloss> +<gloss>(principle of) equal pay for equal work</gloss>
1.	A* 2021-03-31 23:25:12 solo_han
	Refs:	https://www.dom-net.co.jp/column/column/a49
	Comments:	正規雇用、非正規雇用に関係なく、同じ仕事をさせているのなら、同じ賃金を支払うべき」という制度

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jmnedict 5432078 Active (id: 2098392)
成駒屋
【なりこまや】

[person]
▶ Narikomaya

History:

1.	A 2021-03-31 02:24:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Stage name of a couple of kabuki actors.
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<misc>&unclass;</misc> +<misc>&person;</misc>

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jmnedict 5741842 Active (id: 2289449)
中つ国
【なかつくに [spec1] 】

[place,fict]
▶ Middle-earth (in J.R.R. Tolkien's works)

History:

7.	A 2024-01-21 21:37:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2024-01-21 16:01:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle-earth
	Comments:	Written as "Middle-earth".
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>Middle Earth (in Tolkien's works)</gloss> +<gloss>Middle-earth (in J.R.R. Tolkien's works)</gloss>
5.	A 2023-05-06 01:19:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding spec1 -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
4.	A 2021-03-31 19:27:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-03-31 16:18:23 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11,2 @@ -<misc>&work;</misc> +<misc>&place;</misc> +<misc>&fict;</misc>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2019-03-02 05:20:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@ -<ent_seq>2838463</ent_seq> -<ent_corp>jmdict</ent_corp> +<ent_corp>jmnedict</ent_corp> @@ -11,2 +10,2 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>Middle-earth (in Tolkien's works)</gloss> +<misc>&work;</misc> +<gloss>Middle Earth (in Tolkien's works)</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-03-02 04:13:43 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/中つ国_(トールキン)

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jmnedict 5743037 Active (id: 2235573)
大逆転
【だいぎゃくてん [spec1] 】

[work]
▶ Trading Places (1983 film)

History:

3.	A 2023-05-07 06:34:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding spec1 -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2.	A 2021-03-31 03:56:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Quiet. Closing.
1.	A* 2021-03-25 01:16:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/大逆転大逆転 356867

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