JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1040870 Active (id: 2210837)

キープ [gai1]

1.

[vs,vt,n]
▶ to keep (e.g. the lead)
▶ to maintain (a standard, situation, etc.)

2.

[vs,vt,n]
▶ to put aside (for someone)
▶ to save (e.g. a seat)

3.

[vs,vt,n] {sports}
▶ to keep (the ball; in soccer, rugby, etc.)
▶ to retain possession

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2820470 キープ力【キープりょく】 1. ball-keeping ability; ability to keep possession

4.

[vs,vt,n] {sports}
▶ to hold service (in tennis)

5.

[n] [col]
▶ person one is dating while hoping for someone better

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2857049 キープ君【キープくん】 1. backup boyfriend; man kept as a backup marriage partner

Conjugations

History:

11.	A 2022-10-04 05:52:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	That seemed a bit clumsy.
	Diff:	@@ -40 +40 @@ -<gloss>relationship partner one is keeping around while still holding out for someone better to come around</gloss> +<gloss>person one is dating while hoping for someone better</gloss>
10.	A* 2022-09-24 23:52:26
	Comments:	"backup partner" is a related thing
	Diff:	@@ -39 +39,2 @@ -<gloss>person one is dating while hoping for a better partner</gloss> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<gloss>relationship partner one is keeping around while still holding out for someone better to come around</gloss>
9.	A 2022-09-24 20:15:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Curious one.
8.	A* 2022-09-24 19:38:41
	Refs:	https://meaning-dictionary.com/恋愛における「本命」と「キープ」の違いとは？/
	Diff:	@@ -35,0 +36,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>person one is dating while hoping for a better partner</gloss>
7.	A 2021-12-09 05:44:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Sentences reindexed.
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A* 2021-12-08 16:10:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Splitting into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,7 @@ -<gloss>to keep</gloss> +<gloss>to keep (e.g. the lead)</gloss> +<gloss>to maintain (a standard, situation, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -14,2 +20,16 @@ -<gloss>to keep possession (usu. the ball in sports)</gloss> -<gloss>to hold one's service (tennis)</gloss> +<gloss>to save (e.g. a seat)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&sports;</field> +<gloss>to keep (the ball; in soccer, rugby, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to retain possession</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&sports;</field> +<gloss>to hold service (in tennis)</gloss>
5.	A 2021-12-07 08:39:47 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Comments:	splitting out on diff etym
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -14,5 +15,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>quipu</gloss> -<gloss>quippu</gloss>
4.	A 2021-11-19 08:32:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Converting somebody to someone -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<gloss>to put aside (for somebody)</gloss> +<gloss>to put aside (for someone)</gloss>
3.	A 2014-07-23 06:12:48 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2014-07-18 22:30:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	All the refs only have this in the する context. We could declare it a noun meaning "keeping", etc. but I think it's a stretch.
	Diff:	@@ -9 +8,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -11,4 +10,4 @@ -<gloss>keep</gloss> -<gloss>put aside (for somebody)</gloss> -<gloss>keep possession (sports)</gloss> -<gloss>hold one's service (tennis)</gloss> +<gloss>to keep</gloss> +<gloss>to put aside (for somebody)</gloss> +<gloss>to keep possession (usu. the ball in sports)</gloss> +<gloss>to hold one's service (tennis)</gloss>
1.	A* 2014-07-18 11:19:22 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ルミナス和英辞典 ━[動] (とっておく) put aside [他], keep [他]; 〔テニス〕 keep service. 《指記号とっておく》. ¶この本を明日まで*キープしてくれますか Can you 「put this book aside [keep this book] for me till tomorrow? . 新和英中辞典ボールをキープする〈サッカーなどで〉 keep the ball . ルミナス和英辞典 ━[動] (とっておく) put aside [他], keep [他]; 〔テニス〕 keep service. . gg5 (テニスで)サービスゲームをキープする hold service
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@ +<gloss>put aside (for somebody)</gloss> +<gloss>keep possession (sports)</gloss> +<gloss>hold one's service (tennis)</gloss>

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jmdict 1044620 Active (id: 2296337)

クリア；クリアー；クリヤー [rk] ；クリヤ [sk]

1.	[adj-na] ▶ clear ▶ transparent
2.	[n,vs,vt] {sports} ▶ clearing (a high-jump bar, hurdle, etc.)
3.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ overcoming ▶ getting through ▶ getting past ▶ completing ▶ solving ▶ settling ▶ meeting (e.g. a standard)
4.	[n,vs,vt] {sports} ▶ clearing (the ball; in soccer)
5.	[n,vs,vt] {computing} ▶ clearing (e.g. a checked box)
6.	[n,vs,vt] {video games} ▶ completing (a game, level, etc.) ▶ beating ▶ finishing

Conjugations

History:

15.	A 2024-03-28 06:27:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
14.	A* 2024-03-27 21:13:18 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	クリア 8,529,039 90.2% クリアー 849,029 9.0% クリヤー 75,387 0.8%
	Comments:	Isn't "completing" the most common term to use in this context?
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf> @@ -60 +61,2 @@ -<gloss>beating (a game, level, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>completing (a game, level, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>beating</gloss>
13.	A 2023-02-23 20:15:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
12.	A* 2023-02-23 14:18:06 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ クリア　 │ 8,529,039 │ 90.1% │ │ クリアー │ 849,029 │ 9.0% │ │ クリヤー │ 75,387 │ 0.8% │ - (daijr/s, shinmeikai, sankoku) │ クリヤ　 │ 16,254 │ 0.2% │ - adding (sankoku) ╰─ーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯ ╭─ーーーーー─┬───────╮ │ クリヤして │ 1,214 │ │ クリヤする │ 972 │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>クリヤ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
11.	A 2023-02-22 19:40:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -56,2 +56,2 @@ -<gloss>to beat (a game, level, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to finish</gloss> +<gloss>beating (a game, level, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>finishing</gloss>
(show/hide 10 older log entries)
10.	A* 2023-02-22 19:21:26 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	"... I’ve been really bothered by something ... The phrase ゲームをクリアする is translated as “clear the game”, but I have never used this phrase or heard it uttered by a native speaker ... I keep wanting to shout at the TV, “It’s ‘beat’ the game, not ‘clear’ the game, dammit!” " (FB translators' group)
	Comments:	Essentially a sub-sense to sense 3 but I think it makes sense to keep it separate because there's a distinction between コンプリート (i.e. finishing a game completely, finding all secrets or unlocking all content) and クリア.
	Diff:	@@ -49,0 +50,8 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<field>&vidg;</field> +<gloss>to beat (a game, level, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to finish</gloss>
9.	A 2021-12-08 16:13:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23 @@ -<gloss>clearing (a bar, hurdle, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>clearing (a high-jump bar, hurdle, etc.)</gloss> @@ -42,2 +42 @@ -<s_inf>in soccer</s_inf> -<gloss>clearing (the ball)</gloss> +<gloss>clearing (the ball; in soccer)</gloss>
8.	A 2021-12-07 09:43:21 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>transparent</gloss> @@ -19,0 +21 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -25,0 +28 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -36,0 +40 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -43,0 +48 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
7.	A 2018-07-25 23:07:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	2 sentences, both sense 3.
6.	A* 2018-07-25 21:43:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: "（失敗せずに）通過すること。「難関をクリアする」"
	Comments:	I think these are helpful glosses to have.
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +27,4 @@ +<gloss>getting through</gloss> +<gloss>getting past</gloss> +<gloss>completing</gloss> +<gloss>solving</gloss> @@ -28 +31,0 @@ -<gloss>solving</gloss>
5.	A 2014-11-26 23:22:29 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
	Diff:	@@ -29 +29 @@ -<gloss>meeting</gloss> +<gloss>meeting (e.g. a standard)</gloss>
4.	A* 2014-11-25 23:17:06 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Thank you for such a comprehensive response to my submission to add one sense. . But I wonder if, in the third sense, it could be made clearer what is meant by "meeting". The first three glosses make it sound like it's something you do with a problem (overcome it, settle it, solve it). But クリア is used to mean "meet (the standard)" — not "meet (the problem)". Could we say "meeting (a standard, etc.)" or something like that (as GG5 does), rather than just "meeting"?
3.	A 2014-11-14 21:34:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2014-11-13 23:58:24 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, meikyo, prog, wisdom
	Comments:	senses 2 & 3 could be merged, but i guess the sports tag wouldn't be right
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>クリヤー</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -11,0 +15,4 @@ +<gloss>clear</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -13,2 +20,23 @@ -<gloss>clear</gloss> -<gloss>to meet (a standard)</gloss> +<field>&sports;</field> +<gloss>clearing (a bar, hurdle, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>overcoming</gloss> +<gloss>settling</gloss> +<gloss>solving</gloss> +<gloss>meeting</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<field>&sports;</field> +<s_inf>in soccer</s_inf> +<gloss>clearing (the ball)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<field>&comp;</field> +<gloss>clearing (e.g. a checked box)</gloss>
1.	A* 2014-11-13 23:22:51 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Example: [Company name]社製LED bulbは日本国内における厳しい車検基準をクリアしています。 GG5: meet 《a 「goal [standard]》
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>to meet (a standard)</gloss>

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jmdict 1045510 Active (id: 2278121)

クローズアップ [gai1] ；クローズ・アップ [sk]

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ close-up

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1016610 アップ 3. close-up

2.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ bringing attention to
▶ bringing to the fore
▶ putting under close scrutiny
▶ highlighting

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2023-09-28 10:59:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-09-28 03:42:53 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ クローズアップ　 │ 734,068 │ 98.4% │ │ クローズ・アップ │ 12,064 │ 1.6% │ - add, sk (iwakoku) ╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>クローズ・アップ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
4.	A 2021-12-08 16:14:05 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>bringing attention (to)</gloss> +<gloss>bringing attention to</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-07 09:43:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -15,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2018-11-27 06:56:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2018-11-27 05:33:20 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 daijs "特定の事柄を大きく取り上げること。「収賄事件がクローズアップされる」"
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13,8 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>bringing attention (to)</gloss> +<gloss>bringing to the fore</gloss> +<gloss>putting under close scrutiny</gloss> +<gloss>highlighting</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1048940 Active (id: 2168646)

コーティング [gai1]

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ coating

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2021-12-08 23:04:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	On reflection, I think it can go.
	Diff:	@@ -7,4 +6,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>コーテイング</reb> -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
6.	A* 2021-11-28 14:26:18 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	case(s) in point アーティスト 18855726 アーテイスト 55051 スパゲティ 570679 スパゲテイ 2471 パーティ 3841638 パーテイ 19055 ティッシュ 1509134 テイッシュ 6880
5.	A* 2021-11-28 14:20:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Less than 0.3% of the correct spelling. I think it just ends up being clutter when we're talking about something this obscure. I don't think the absolute number "6k in the ngrams" is a useful metric, you have to look at the percentages or almost all common words will end up with ik versions.
4.	A 2021-11-28 05:25:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Probably. Common enough to stay with the tag.
3.	A* 2021-11-25 00:09:19 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Isn't コーテイング just a typo? I doubt anyone uses it deliberately.
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2021-11-25 00:02:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wadoku コーティング 2161635 コーテイング 6013
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
1.	A 2019-08-18 23:38:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	コーティング 2161635 コーテイング 6013 コティング 196
	Comments:	Seen in a document. 6k is too many to ignore and too few to sanction.
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>コーテイング</reb> +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>

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jmdict 1048970 Active (id: 2168344)

コーディネート [gai1] ；コーディネイト

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ coordinate
▶ co-ordinate
▶ coordination

2.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ matching (e.g. clothes, accessories, furniture, colours)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2831709 コーデ 1. coordination; matching (e.g. clothes, accessories, furniture, colours)

3.

[n]
▶ coordinated outfit (clothes and accessories)
▶ ensemble

4.

[n]
▶ coordinates (items of clothing, furniture, etc. designed to be used together)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2071450 セパレーツ 1. separates; things forming units by themselves (esp. women's outer garments, e.g. skirt and jumper)

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2021-12-08 08:57:20 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -20,0 +22 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
5.	A 2014-01-26 23:29:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2014-01-26 22:54:50 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Sense #3: "matching outfit" usually refers to an outfit that matches another person's outfit, as in "Tiger Woods' daughter, Sam, followed her dad and wore a matching outfit at TPC Boston." ... whereas it seems, from Scott's examples, that a コーディネート is an outfit whose components are matched with each other. . Sense #4: コーディネート also refers to the components of a coordinated outfit, according to ルミナス和英辞典: コーディネート ━[名] (調和のとれた組み合わせ家具･衣服) co´ordinates /-nschwats/　★複数形で. Webster definition: coordinates — plural : articles (as of clothing) designed to be used together and to attain their effect through pleasing contrast (as of color, material, or texture)
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25,6 @@ -<gloss>matching outfit (clothes and accessories)</gloss> +<gloss>coordinated outfit (clothes and accessories)</gloss> +<gloss>ensemble</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>coordinates (items of clothing, furniture, etc. designed to be used together)</gloss>
3.	A 2011-03-08 01:00:17 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2011-03-08 00:25:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not sure about that split of the first two senses.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,1 @@ +<gloss>coordination</gloss> @@ -20,2 +21,5 @@ -<gloss>matching (e.g. clothes, furniture, colours)</gloss> -<gloss>outfit (clothes)</gloss> +<gloss>matching (e.g. clothes, accessories, furniture, colours)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>matching outfit (clothes and accessories)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2011-03-07 22:52:37 Scott
	Refs:	gg5 nikk daij koj
	Comments:	Usage indicates that it's also used to refer to the clothes themselves. e.g. 更新ラフ&ボーイッシュなシンプルコーディネートここのアイテムの素材感を生かし、全体で魅せる上級コーディネート。かなりお勧めのコーディネートです。 (from http://moregauche2.com/coord.html)
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +17,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>matching (e.g. clothes, furniture, colours)</gloss> +<gloss>outfit (clothes)</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1052830 Active (id: 2168399)

コントロール [gai1]

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ control

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:13:56 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1053200 Active (id: 2299019)

コンパルソリー

1.	[adj-na] ▶ compulsory
2.	[n] {figure skating} ▶ compulsory figure

History:

3.	A 2024-04-24 14:33:27 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>compulsory figure (figure skating)</gloss> +<field>&figskt;</field> +<gloss>compulsory figure</gloss>
2.	A 2021-12-08 19:40:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 19:08:37 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> @@ -10,0 +11,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>compulsory figure (figure skating)</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1054240 Active (id: 2168345)

ゴールイン [gai1] ；ゴール・イン

1.

[n,vs,vi] {sports} Source lang: eng(wasei) "goal in"
▶ reaching the winning post
▶ reaching the finish
▶ making the goal

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1054230 ゴール 3. reaching the finish line; finishing (a race)

2.

[n,vs,vi] [col]
▶ getting married

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2021-12-08 08:57:44 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -22,0 +24 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
5.	A 2020-03-13 00:36:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2020-03-12 23:28:18 Guillem Palau-Salvà
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<field>&sports;</field>
3.	A 2013-05-11 07:51:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +7,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ゴール・イン</reb>
2.	A 2012-03-28 23:49:27 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-03-28 23:11:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, 新和英中辞典, etc.
	Comments:	Just making it clearer.
	Diff:	@@ -12,3 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>goal reached</gloss> -<gloss>make the goal</gloss> -<gloss>hit the goal</gloss> +<gloss>reaching the winning post</gloss> +<gloss>reaching the finish</gloss> +<gloss>making the goal</gloss> @@ -20,1 +20,1 @@ -<gloss>get married</gloss> +<gloss>getting married</gloss>

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jmdict 1056230 Active (id: 2168447)

サイン [gai1,ichi1]

1.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ autograph ▶ signature
2.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ sign ▶ signal ▶ indication

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2021-12-08 10:52:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -17,0 +20,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
6.	A 2020-05-06 23:46:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2020-05-06 22:15:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Splitting on source word.
	Diff:	@@ -22,5 +21,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<field>&math;</field> -<gloss>sine</gloss> -</sense>
4.	A 2019-03-29 05:56:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2019-03-29 00:40:36 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@ +<gloss>signal</gloss> +<gloss>indication</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2016-08-15 02:41:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-08-15 01:50:00 Mislav Blažević <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<field>&math;</field>

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jmdict 1087100 Active (id: 2168648)

トレーニング [gai1,ichi1]

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ training (for a skill, job, sport, etc.)
▶ practice

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2841706 トレ 1. training; practice; workout

2.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ working out
▶ workout
▶ (strength, weight) training

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 23:14:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	A bit subtle. One sentence for sense 2.
2.	A* 2021-12-07 11:40:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	www images, reverso examples
	Comments:	I think this is two senses.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,10 @@ -<gloss>training</gloss> +<gloss>training (for a skill, job, sport, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>practice</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>working out</gloss> +<gloss>workout</gloss> +<gloss>(strength, weight) training</gloss>
1.	A 2021-11-09 22:16:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk addition of vi and vt from Meikyo -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1092280 Active (id: 2168792)

ヌーボー [gai1] ；ヌーヴォー；ヌーヴォ；ヌーボ

1.

[adj-no,n] Source lang: fre "nouveau"
▶ modern
▶ up-to-date

2.

[n] [abbr]
▶ art nouveau

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1013860 アールヌーボー 1. art nouveau

3.

[n] [abbr]
▶ Beaujolais nouveau (wine)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2241040 ボージョレヌーボー 1. Beaujolais nouveau (wine)

4.

(ヌーボー only) [adj-t,adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ vague
▶ fuzzy
▶ elusive
▶ slippery
▶ mysterious

History:

11.	A 2021-12-09 23:55:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
10.	A* 2021-12-08 00:05:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ヌーボー 93903 ヌーボ 5618 ヌーヴォー 38345 ヌーヴォ 5942
	Comments:	May as well be included. There are other rarer versions.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ヌーボ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -23 +25,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1013860">アールヌーボー</xref>
9.	A 2018-12-27 04:36:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2018-12-26 22:37:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr: "ヌーボーの音に，ぬうっとぼうっとしていることをかけてしゃれて言った語"
	Comments:	The x-ref was there because that sense of ヌーボー comes from ぬうっと and ぼうっと. I suggest taking both of them out. The meanings don't match that of ヌーボー so they'd only create confusion.
	Diff:	@@ -37 +36,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1011760">ぼうっと・2</xref>
7.	A 2018-12-18 17:36:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Can't see why that xref was there.
	Diff:	@@ -37 +36,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2085870">ぬうっと</xref>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A* 2018-12-18 12:21:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, koj
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -27,0 +28,7 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2241040">ボージョレヌーボー</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>Beaujolais nouveau (wine)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>ヌーボー</stagr>
5.	A 2016-04-21 16:59:28 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-04-21 02:14:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: ヌーボー 93903 ヌーヴォー 38345 ヌーヴォ 5942
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ヌーヴォ</reb>
3.	A 2015-03-24 11:48:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2015-03-24 03:52:23 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, etc. == meikyo: ヌーボー [形動ト\|タル] 人の行動や性格が茫洋ぼうようとしてつかみどころのないさま。「━とした人物」
	Comments:	original PoS is fine, but not with that meaning
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -16,0 +18,18 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1013860">アールヌーボー</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>art nouveau</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-t;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2085870">ぬうっと</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1011760">ぼうっと・2</xref> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> +<gloss>vague</gloss> +<gloss>fuzzy</gloss> +<gloss>elusive</gloss> +<gloss>slippery</gloss> +<gloss>mysterious</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A* 2015-03-21 01:40:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ヌーヴォー</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -9,4 +12,4 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&adj-t;</pos> -<pos>&adv-to;</pos> -<gloss>nouveau</gloss> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<lsource xml:lang="fre">nouveau</lsource> +<gloss>modern</gloss> +<gloss>up-to-date</gloss>

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jmdict 1159950 Active (id: 2168507)
医師法
【いしほう】

1.

[n] {law}
▶ Medical Practitioners' Act

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 11:56:10 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 daijr http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=2074&vm=&re=
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>medical practitioner's law</gloss> +<field>&law;</field> +<gloss>Medical Practitioners' Act</gloss>

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jmdict 1164110 Active (id: 2168454)
一隻眼
【いっせきがん】

1.

[n]
▶ discerning eye
▶ critical eye

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1382230 隻眼【せきがん】 2. discerning eye; excellent judgement

2.

[n]
▶ one eye

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 10:56:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-06 21:18:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo
	Comments:	"opinion" doesn't look right. The kokugos have two senses.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>sharp eye</gloss> +<gloss>discerning eye</gloss> @@ -14,2 +14,4 @@ -<gloss>discerning eye</gloss> -<gloss>an opinion</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>one eye</gloss>

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jmdict 1184900 Active (id: 2226017)
下向；還向 [sK]
【げこう】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ going from the capital to the provinces
2.	[n,vs,vi] 《sometimes written as 還向》 ▶ returning after praying at a temple or shrine
3.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ coming down from a high place to a low place

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2023-03-21 20:40:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-03-21 19:11:04 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 下向　 │ 78,481 │ 99.8% │ │ 還向　 │ 175 │ 0.2% │ - add, sK (daijr/s, koj, sankoku; sense 2 only) │ げこう │ 3,556 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>還向</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -19,0 +24 @@ +<s_inf>sometimes written as 還向</s_inf>
3.	A 2021-12-08 19:41:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 16:22:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, meikyo
	Comments:	Added senses.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,13 @@ -<gloss>leaving the capital</gloss> +<gloss>going from the capital to the provinces</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>returning after praying at a temple or shrine</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>coming down from a high place to a low place</gloss>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:53:20 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1185410 Active (id: 2169857)
下乗
【げじょう】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ dismounting (esp. from a horse as a sign of respect) ▶ alighting
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ prohibition against entering the grounds of a temple or shrine on horseback

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-16 22:08:52 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-12-16 18:41:14
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21 @@ -<gloss>prohibition against entering the grounds of a temple or shine on horseback</gloss> +<gloss>prohibition against entering the grounds of a temple or shrine on horseback</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-08 19:41:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 16:42:24 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, meikyo
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,8 @@ -<gloss>dismounting</gloss> +<gloss>dismounting (esp. from a horse as a sign of respect)</gloss> +<gloss>alighting</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>prohibition against entering the grounds of a temple or shine on horseback</gloss>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:57:48 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1187410 Active (id: 2168283)
仮橋
【かりばし】

1.

[n]
▶ temporary bridge
▶ makeshift bridge

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 00:32:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>makeshift bridge</gloss>

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jmdict 1193860 Active (id: 2170922)
火口
【かこう】

1.	[n] {geology} ▶ (volcanic) crater ▶ caldera
2.	[n] ▶ burner (of a boiler)

History:

6.	A 2021-12-24 00:21:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2021-12-23 11:02:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, koj
	Comments:	The refs all have "ボイラーの焚き口" for sense 2.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>crater</gloss> +<gloss>(volcanic) crater</gloss> @@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>burner (e.g. on a furnace)</gloss> +<gloss>burner (of a boiler)</gloss>
4.	A 2021-12-08 11:30:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-12-06 23:19:32 Nicolas Maia
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&geol;</field>
2.	A 2012-05-03 00:27:12 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-05-03 00:19:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +15,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>burner (e.g. on a furnace)</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1205200 Active (id: 2280749)
拡大 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
【かくだい [ichi1,news1,nf01] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ expansion ▶ extension
2.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ magnification ▶ enlargement
3.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ escalation ▶ spread

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2023-10-20 09:39:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	拡大 34877465 92.5% 縮小 2813046 7.5%
	Comments:	I really don't see the need for [ant] links here. And it's messy having three senses pointing at one.
	Diff:	@@ -21,3 +20,0 @@ -<xref type="ant" seq="1337630">縮小</xref> -<xref type="ant" seq="1337630">縮小</xref> -<xref type="ant" seq="1337630">縮小</xref>
8.	A* 2023-10-20 06:55:17 Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See refs at xref. Seems this [ant] is actually applicable to all three of these senses. Interesting that we have one sense here, and three at the xref. (sankoku has the xref as two senses). Minimally, if suggestion for "pupil contraction" is kept, xref needs to be 縮小[1].
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,3 @@ +<xref type="ant" seq="1337630">縮小</xref> +<xref type="ant" seq="1337630">縮小</xref> +<xref type="ant" seq="1337630">縮小</xref>
7.	A 2021-12-08 16:46:54 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Indexed the sentences.
6.	A 2021-12-08 11:28:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
5.	A* 2021-12-07 12:11:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, chuijiten
	Comments:	Only chujiten has more than one sense but I think this works well.
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,8 @@ +<gloss>expansion</gloss> +<gloss>extension</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -23,2 +31,8 @@ -<gloss>expansion</gloss> -<gloss>amplification</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>escalation</gloss> +<gloss>spread</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A 2021-11-04 19:33:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-11-04 04:04:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	https://github.com/JMdictProject/JMdictIssues/issues/48 OK?
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2013-07-24 01:54:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-07-24 01:17:28 winnie <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/amplification http://translate.definitions.net/amplification/JA
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +22,1 @@ +<gloss>amplification</gloss>

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jmdict 1208680 Active (id: 2220675)
滑降 [news1,nf14]
【かっこう [news1,nf14] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ descent (esp. in skiing)
▶ sliding down
▶ skiing down

2.

[n] [abbr] {skiing}
▶ downhill (race)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1668290 滑降競技 1. downhill; downhill race

Conjugations

History:

12.	A 2023-02-02 19:45:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25 @@ -<field>&sports;</field> +<field>&ski;</field> @@ -27 +27 @@ -<gloss>downhill (alpine skiing event)</gloss> +<gloss>downhill (race)</gloss>
11.	A 2021-12-08 11:30:06 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25 @@ +<field>&sports;</field>
10.	A 2021-12-06 12:23:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	Sense 2 isn't vs.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>skiing down</gloss> @@ -23,2 +23,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -27 +26 @@ -<gloss>downhill (skiing race)</gloss> +<gloss>downhill (alpine skiing event)</gloss>
9.	A 2021-12-04 23:47:43 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -21,0 +23,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
8.	A 2019-01-24 23:08:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A* 2019-01-24 22:52:10 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1668290">滑降競技</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>downhill (skiing race)</gloss> +</sense>
6.	A 2013-02-25 07:11:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	I think "descent" needs to prominent as a gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -17,1 +17,2 @@ -<gloss>sliding down (esp. in skiing, i.e. descent)</gloss> +<gloss>descent (esp. in skiing)</gloss> +<gloss>sliding down</gloss>
5.	A* 2013-02-25 00:22:36 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: "すべりおりること。特に、スキーで、雪の斜面をすべりおりること。" yomiuri article: "遊園地で空中滑降の女性、凍結湖面に転落・重傷" http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/national/news/20130225- OYT1T00050.htm this is the thing she was on: http://www.grinpa.com/attraction/sky/momonga/index.html (check the video)
	Diff:	@@ -17,3 +17,1 @@ -<gloss>skiing down a slope</gloss> -<gloss>doing downhill skiing</gloss> -<gloss>descent</gloss> +<gloss>sliding down (esp. in skiing, i.e. descent)</gloss>
4.	A 2011-04-07 08:29:40 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2011-04-06 13:26:10 Scott
	Comments:	Or he wanted to add an example. (which should be done at tatoeba.org)
2.	A 2011-04-06 06:08:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-04-06 02:53:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 新和英中辞典, etc.
	Comments:	I suspect エリックさん found the translation obscure.
	Diff:	@@ -17,1 +17,3 @@ -<gloss>descent (in skiing)</gloss> +<gloss>skiing down a slope</gloss> +<gloss>doing downhill skiing</gloss> +<gloss>descent</gloss>

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jmdict 1218390 Active (id: 2168604)
危ながる
【あぶながる】

1.

[v5r,vt]
▶ to act afraid (of)
▶ to appear to feel uneasy (about)
▶ to shrink (from)

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 20:32:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-03 05:14:49 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	nikk
	Diff:	@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ -<pos>&vi;</pos> -<gloss>to act afraid of</gloss> -<gloss>to appear to feel uneasy about</gloss> -<gloss>to shrink from</gloss> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to act afraid (of)</gloss> +<gloss>to appear to feel uneasy (about)</gloss> +<gloss>to shrink (from)</gloss>
1.	A* 2021-12-02 01:02:30 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	see ほしがる
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>to be afraid of</gloss> -<gloss>to feel uneasy about</gloss> +<gloss>to act afraid of</gloss> +<gloss>to appear to feel uneasy about</gloss>

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jmdict 1223060 Active (id: 2168937)
規定 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
【きてい [ichi1,news1,nf03] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ stipulation
▶ prescription
▶ provision
▶ regulation
▶ rule

2.

[n] {chemistry}
▶ normal (unit of normality)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2852331 規定度 1. normality; equivalent concentration

3.

[n] [abbr] {sports}
▶ compulsory exercise (in gymnastics)
▶ compulsory routine
▶ compulsory dance (figure skating)
▶ (a) compulsory

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2852334 規定種目 1. compulsory event; compulsory exercise (in gymnastics); compulsory routine; (a) compulsory
	⇒ see: 2852333 規定演技 1. compulsory exercise (in gymnastics); compulsory routine; compulsory dance (figure skating)

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2021-12-12 00:19:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -38 +38 @@ -<gloss>compulsory exercise (in gynmastics)</gloss> +<gloss>compulsory exercise (in gymnastics)</gloss> @@ -40 +40 @@ -<gloss>compulsory dance (ice skating)</gloss> +<gloss>compulsory dance (figure skating)</gloss>
5.	A 2021-12-08 19:42:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-12-08 19:15:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr/s
	Comments:	Added senses.
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26,17 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2852331">規定度</xref> +<field>&chem;</field> +<gloss>normal (unit of normality)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2852334">規定種目</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2852333">規定演技</xref> +<field>&sports;</field> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>compulsory exercise (in gynmastics)</gloss> +<gloss>compulsory routine</gloss> +<gloss>compulsory dance (ice skating)</gloss> +<gloss>(a) compulsory</gloss> +</sense>
3.	A 2021-12-07 08:51:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (2 senses)
	Comments:	I don't think it's an adj-no
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -19,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2014-03-11 22:09:18 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2014-03-11 21:42:08 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 Genius WaEi . "to regulate" and "to rule" don't correspond very well to the verb sense 規定する (because they have other meanings that are not relevant). So I think it makes more sense to have words like "stipulation" at the head of the EDICT definition. That's how GG5 approaches it, too, although they use plural forms throughout. Using plural forms works better for GG5, though, because they have a separate sub-entry for the verb, whereas EDICT has to make do with just noun forms (if I am not mistaken). . 【規定】 1 〔定め〕 stipulations; prescriptions; 〔条項〕 provisions; 〔規則〕 regulations; rules. ～する provide [stipulate] 《that…》; prescribe.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20,3 @@ +<gloss>stipulation</gloss> +<gloss>prescription</gloss> +<gloss>provision</gloss> @@ -21 +24 @@ -<gloss>provisions</gloss> +<gloss>rule</gloss>

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jmdict 1223460 Active (id: 2168569)
記誦
【きしょう】

1.	[n,vs,vt] [rare] ▶ memorizing (a poem, etc.) and reciting it
2.	[n,vs,vt] [rare] ▶ rote recitation (without understanding)

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2021-12-08 19:18:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1572810">諳んじる</xref> @@ -16 +15 @@ -<gloss>reciting (a poem) from memory</gloss> +<gloss>memorizing (a poem, etc.) and reciting it</gloss>
6.	A 2021-12-07 23:15:18 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<misc>&obsc;</misc>
5.	A 2021-12-07 10:04:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	記誦 179
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<misc>&obsc;</misc>
4.	A* 2021-12-07 08:48:43 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Doesn't seem arch based on meikyo (but maybe obsc? ngrams down atm)
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -14 +14,0 @@ -<misc>&arch;</misc> @@ -20 +20 @@ -<misc>&arch;</misc> +<pos>&vt;</pos>
3.	A 2010-07-25 01:50:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2010-07-24 22:17:27 Paul Blay <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	スーパー大辞林
	Comments:	I think arch trumps obsc when both apply.
	Diff:	@@ -13,1 +13,2 @@ -<misc>&obsc;</misc> +<xref type="see" seq="1572810">諳んじる</xref> +<misc>&arch;</misc> @@ -16,0 +17,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<misc>&arch;</misc> +<gloss>rote recitation (without understanding)</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A* 2010-07-24 21:56:45 Scott
	Refs:	daij/koj
	Diff:	@@ -13,1 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>memorizing</gloss> +<misc>&obsc;</misc> +<gloss>reciting (a poem) from memory</gloss>

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jmdict 1227030 Active (id: 2168594)
逆行 [news2,nf33]
【ぎゃっこう [news2,nf33] ；ぎゃくこう】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ backward movement
▶ reverse movement
▶ going backwards
▶ retrogression
▶ going in the wrong direction
▶ going against (e.g. the times)
▶ running counter to

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1342320 順行 1. going in order; moving forward; going with (e.g. the current of the times)

2.

[n,vs,vi] {astronomy}
▶ retrograde motion

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1342320 順行 2. direct motion; prograde motion

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2021-12-08 20:22:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrograde_and_prograde_motion
	Comments:	Probably not.
	Diff:	@@ -21 +20,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -22,0 +22 @@ +<gloss>backward movement</gloss> @@ -23,0 +24 @@ +<gloss>going backwards</gloss> @@ -25,4 +26,3 @@ -<gloss>going backwards</gloss> -<gloss>moving in the wrong direction</gloss> -<gloss>running counter to (e.g. the laws of nature)</gloss> -<gloss>running against (e.g. the tide of the times)</gloss> +<gloss>going in the wrong direction</gloss> +<gloss>going against (e.g. the times)</gloss> +<gloss>running counter to</gloss> @@ -34 +34 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<xref type="ant" seq="1342320">順行・2</xref> @@ -36,2 +36 @@ -<gloss>retrogradation</gloss> -<gloss>retrogression</gloss> +<gloss>retrograde motion</gloss>
5.	A 2021-12-07 08:57:08 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Comments:	not sure if adj-no
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -31,0 +33 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
4.	A 2012-04-12 14:45:04 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2012-04-12 05:57:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -33,1 +33,2 @@ -<gloss>retrogradation (astronomy)</gloss> +<field>&astron;</field> +<gloss>retrogradation</gloss>
2.	A 2011-02-20 21:32:25 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -21,1 +21,5 @@ -<gloss>adverse</gloss> +<xref type="ant" seq="1342320">順行</xref> +<xref type="ant" seq="1342320">順行・1</xref> +<xref type="ant" seq="1342320">順行・1</xref> +<gloss>reverse movement</gloss> +<gloss>retrogression</gloss> @@ -23,5 +27,3 @@ -<gloss>running counter to</gloss> -<gloss>receding</gloss> -<gloss>retrogression</gloss> -<gloss>running counter to the laws of nature</gloss> -<gloss>running against the tide of the times</gloss> +<gloss>moving in the wrong direction</gloss> +<gloss>running counter to (e.g. the laws of nature)</gloss> +<gloss>running against (e.g. the tide of the times)</gloss> @@ -31,1 +33,4 @@ -<gloss>retrograde motion (astronomy)</gloss> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>retrogradation (astronomy)</gloss> +<gloss>retrogression</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2011-02-20 21:18:55 Scott
	Refs:	gg5 koj daij
	Comments:	koj daij have (running counter to the laws of nature; running against the tide of the times)
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ぎゃくこう</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -19,2 +22,10 @@ -<gloss>go backward</gloss> -<gloss>retrograde</gloss> +<gloss>going backwards</gloss> +<gloss>running counter to</gloss> +<gloss>receding</gloss> +<gloss>retrogression</gloss> +<gloss>running counter to the laws of nature</gloss> +<gloss>running against the tide of the times</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>retrograde motion (astronomy)</gloss>

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jmdict 1227050 Active (id: 2174799)
逆恨み
【さかうらみ】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ being resented (by someone one holds resentment towards)
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ responding to kindness with resentment ▶ thinking ill of someone who meant to be kind ▶ resentment caused by a misunderstanding
3.	[n,vs,vt] [col] ▶ unjustified resentment ▶ unreasonable grudge

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2022-01-19 05:02:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-01-09 21:06:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo (sense 3); 〔俗〕筋違いなことを理由に恨むこと。「解雇を━して放火する」
	Comments:	All those glosses are sense 2. We didn't have meikyo's sense 3.
	Diff:	@@ -20,2 +20,3 @@ -<gloss>thinking ill of a person based on a misunderstanding</gloss> -<gloss>unjustified resentment caused by a misunderstanding</gloss> +<gloss>responding to kindness with resentment</gloss> +<gloss>thinking ill of someone who meant to be kind</gloss> +<gloss>resentment caused by a misunderstanding</gloss> @@ -27 +28,3 @@ -<gloss>responding to kindness with resentment</gloss> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<gloss>unjustified resentment</gloss> +<gloss>unreasonable grudge</gloss>
4.	A 2021-12-08 10:54:33 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (splits, which makes sense to me)
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22,5 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos>
3.	A 2021-12-08 10:53:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -17,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2018-12-04 00:46:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5
	Comments:	I don't think "in return" is specific enough.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>being resented in return</gloss> +<gloss>being resented (by someone one holds resentment towards)</gloss> @@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>responding to kindness with resentment</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2018-12-03 08:08:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 daij prog
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18,2 @@ -<gloss>unjustified resentment through misunderstanding</gloss> +<gloss>thinking ill of a person based on a misunderstanding</gloss> +<gloss>unjustified resentment caused by a misunderstanding</gloss>

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jmdict 1227170 Active (id: 2283399)
逆転 [news1,nf03] ；逆点 [sK]
【ぎゃくてん [news1,nf03] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ reversal (of a situation)
▶ turnaround
▶ turnabout
▶ turning the tables
▶ sudden change

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2848701 大逆転【だいぎゃくてん】 1. dramatic turn-around; major reversal; great comeback; game changer

2.

[n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ reversal (of direction of rotation)

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2023-11-14 21:53:48 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo: 「逆点」と書くのは誤り。 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 逆転　　　 │ 3,721,737 │ 99.9% │ │ 逆点　　　 │ 3,744 │ 0.1% │ - [iK] to [sK] │ ぎゃくてん │ 6,452 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5.	A 2021-12-08 22:57:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc. Examples.
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23,5 @@ -<gloss>reversal (of direction of rotation)</gloss> +<gloss>reversal (of a situation)</gloss> +<gloss>turnaround</gloss> +<gloss>turnabout</gloss> +<gloss>turning the tables</gloss> +<gloss>sudden change</gloss> @@ -30,5 +34 @@ -<gloss>reversal (of a situation)</gloss> -<gloss>turnaround</gloss> -<gloss>turnabout</gloss> -<gloss>turning the tables</gloss> -<gloss>sudden change</gloss> +<gloss>reversal (of direction of rotation)</gloss>
4.	A* 2021-12-08 20:51:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo
	Comments:	All the kokugos have two senses.
	Diff:	@@ -23,5 +23,12 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>(sudden) change</gloss> -<gloss>reversal</gloss> -<gloss>turn-around</gloss> -<gloss>coming from behind (baseball)</gloss> +<gloss>reversal (of direction of rotation)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>reversal (of a situation)</gloss> +<gloss>turnaround</gloss> +<gloss>turnabout</gloss> +<gloss>turning the tables</gloss> +<gloss>sudden change</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-07 08:55:33 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (2 s)
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2011-01-14 11:16:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2011-01-14 08:15:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>逆点</keb> +<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1227180 Active (id: 2168453)
逆なで [news2,nf26] ；逆撫で
【さかなで [news2,nf26] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ rubbing (someone) the wrong way
▶ irritating (someone)

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 10:56:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 逆撫で 41827 逆なで 44728
	Comments:	not seeing a strong case for including ぎゃくなで as an ik don't think that example " (e.g. a cat)" really works
	Diff:	@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>逆撫で</keb> -</k_ele> @@ -10,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>逆撫で</keb> @@ -17,4 +16,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>ぎゃくなで</reb> -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> -</r_ele> @@ -24,2 +20,3 @@ -<gloss>rubbing the wrong way (e.g. a cat)</gloss> -<gloss>irritating</gloss> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>rubbing (someone) the wrong way</gloss> +<gloss>irritating (someone)</gloss>
2.	A 2012-10-08 02:03:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-10-07 11:12:43 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, prog, 新和英中辞典, Luminous (only have さかなで) http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1412999859 27 hits for "ぎゃくなで" -"rubbing the wrong way" -irritating 19k hits for "さかなで" -"rubbing the wrong way" -irritating
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>

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jmdict 1227640 Active (id: 2168612)
休会 [news2,nf25]
【きゅうかい [news2,nf25] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ adjournment
▶ recess

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 20:53:42 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -19 +18,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
1.	A 2021-12-07 08:58:28 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1230340 Active (id: 2168613)
給油 [news1,nf18]
【きゅうゆ [news1,nf18] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ refueling (a car, plane, etc.)
2.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ lubricating (a machine) ▶ oiling

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-08 20:55:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<gloss>refueling (car, plane, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>refueling (a car, plane, etc.)</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-07 09:08:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -21,0 +24,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2012-12-09 11:34:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-12-04 23:45:32 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, prog, 新和英中辞典
	Diff:	@@ -17,1 +17,7 @@ -<gloss>supply of oil</gloss> +<gloss>refueling (car, plane, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>lubricating (a machine)</gloss> +<gloss>oiling</gloss>

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jmdict 1231680 Active (id: 2168644)
去勢 [news2,nf40]
【きょせい [news2,nf40] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ castration ▶ neutering ▶ gelding ▶ sterilization
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ enervation ▶ emasculation ▶ taming

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 22:57:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 21:20:21 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, ルミナス, daij
	Comments:	Splitting into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,8 @@ +<gloss>neutering</gloss> +<gloss>gelding</gloss> +<gloss>sterilization</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -19,0 +28,2 @@ +<gloss>emasculation</gloss> +<gloss>taming</gloss>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:19:53 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1235660 Active (id: 2168712)
協商 [news2,nf26]
【きょうしょう [news2,nf26] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ agreement
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ entente ▶ understanding

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-09 05:45:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 21:25:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo, gg5, prog
	Comments:	Two senses in the kokugos.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>negotiation</gloss> @@ -19,0 +19,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>entente</gloss> +<gloss>understanding</gloss>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:13:43 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (2 s)
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1237440 Active (id: 2283322)
橋渡し [news1,nf16] ；橋わたし [sK]
【はしわたし [news1,nf16] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ mediation ▶ good offices ▶ go-between ▶ intermediary ▶ mediator ▶ bridge (between)
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ building a bridge

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2023-11-14 04:56:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-11-14 01:45:58 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 橋渡し　　 │ 228,223 │ 98.9% │ │ 橋わたし　 │ 1,575 │ 0.7% │ - add, sK (used in sankoku's entry for ブリッジ) │ はしわたし │ 1,006 │ 0.4% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ [vs,vi]: sankoku, smk, iwakoku [vs,vt]: obunsha It's a little more common as 〜をする, though. ╭─ーーーーーー─┬─────────╮ │ 橋渡しをし　 │ 20,653 │ │ 橋渡しし　　 │ 5,601 │ ├─ーーーーーー─┼─────────┤ │ 橋渡しをする │ 20,083 │ │ 橋渡しする　 │ 10,395 │ ╰─ーーーーーー─┴─────────╯
	Comments:	I'll go with [vs,vi]
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>橋わたし</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -15,0 +20,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -24,0 +31,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2021-12-08 01:25:47 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	vs in daijr
1.	A* 2021-12-08 01:20:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, ルミナス, meikyo 橋渡しし 5601 橋渡しをし 20653
	Comments:	Splitting into senses. The JEs only have the figurative meaning.
	Diff:	@@ -16,2 +15,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<gloss>bridge building</gloss> @@ -18,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>good offices</gloss> @@ -21 +20,6 @@ -<gloss>(through the) good offices (of someone)</gloss> +<gloss>mediator</gloss> +<gloss>bridge (between)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>building a bridge</gloss>

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jmdict 1238230 Active (id: 2168350)
興起 [news2,nf39]
【こうき [news2,nf39] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ rise
▶ ascendency
▶ aroused energy
▶ high-spirited action

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:02:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1238380 Active (id: 2168297)
興奮 [ichi1,news1,nf11] ；昂奮 [rK] ；亢奮 [rK]
【こうふん [ichi1,news1,nf11] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ excitement
▶ stimulation
▶ agitation
▶ arousal

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 01:09:44 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 興奮 3977410 昂奮 8236 亢奮 1436
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,0 +16 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -24,0 +27 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1239940 Active (id: 2168713)
曲折 [news1,nf13]
【きょくせつ [news1,nf13] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ bending ▶ winding ▶ meandering ▶ zigzagging
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ ups and downs ▶ twists and turns ▶ complications ▶ difficulties ▶ vicissitudes

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-09 05:46:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-12-08 21:30:46 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Splitting into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -18,2 +18,11 @@ -<gloss>windings</gloss> -<gloss>meanderings</gloss> +<gloss>bending</gloss> +<gloss>winding</gloss> +<gloss>meandering</gloss> +<gloss>zigzagging</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>ups and downs</gloss> +<gloss>twists and turns</gloss> @@ -21 +30,2 @@ -<gloss>twists and turns</gloss> +<gloss>difficulties</gloss> +<gloss>vicissitudes</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-07 09:18:28 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2015-02-14 01:39:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2015-02-13 14:22:33 Jeff Gedert
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>twists and turns</gloss>

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jmdict 1241050 Active (id: 2168754)
勤番
【きんばん】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ taking turns on duty
2.	[n,vs,vi] [hist] ▶ being on duty at a daimyo's residence in Edo or Osaka

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-09 19:06:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-12-08 21:35:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Two senses.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,8 @@ -<gloss>taking turns on duty (esp. daimyo's retainers on duty in Edo)</gloss> +<gloss>taking turns on duty</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<misc>&hist;</misc> +<gloss>being on duty at a daimyo's residence in Edo or Osaka</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-07 09:24:02 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2011-04-04 01:38:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-04-03 23:02:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daij, GG5
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,1 @@ -<gloss>on duty in Edo</gloss> +<gloss>taking turns on duty (esp. daimyo's retainers on duty in Edo)</gloss>

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jmdict 1241880 Active (id: 2168987)
緊張 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
【きんちょう [ichi1,news1,nf03] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ tension ▶ strain ▶ nervousness ▶ stress
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ tensions (between countries, groups, etc.)
3.	[n] {physiology} ▶ tonus ▶ muscle tone

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-12 11:28:12 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	All the EJs have 緊張 for "stress".
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>stress</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-11 07:12:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 21:46:00 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Added senses.
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21 @@ -<gloss>mental strain</gloss> +<gloss>strain</gloss> @@ -22,0 +23,12 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>tensions (between countries, groups, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&physiol;</field> +<gloss>tonus</gloss> +<gloss>muscle tone</gloss>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:23:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (2 senses)
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1245920 Active (id: 2168622)
空転 [news1,nf19]
【くうてん [news1,nf19] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ racing (of an engine)
▶ idling

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1675650 空回り 1. racing (of an engine); idling; spinning (without grabbing; of wheels)

2.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ going in circles (of an argument, discussion, etc.)
▶ spinning one's wheels
▶ going nowhere

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-08 21:51:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<gloss>racing (an engine)</gloss> +<gloss>racing (of an engine)</gloss>
4.	A 2021-12-08 21:51:37 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -20 +20 @@ -<gloss>idling (an engine)</gloss> +<gloss>idling</gloss> @@ -26 +26 @@ -<gloss>going in circles (esp. of an argument, discussion, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>going in circles (of an argument, discussion, etc.)</gloss> @@ -27,0 +28 @@ +<gloss>going nowhere</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-07 09:36:04 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -24 +25,2 @@ -<gloss>going in circles (esp. argument, discussion, etc.)</gloss> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>going in circles (esp. of an argument, discussion, etc.)</gloss>
2.	A 2014-09-05 23:09:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	A bit of context would help.
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<gloss>going in circles</gloss> +<gloss>going in circles (esp. argument, discussion, etc.)</gloss>
1.	A* 2014-09-05 10:01:36 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s
	Comments:	Sense 2 seems to often be used about arguments, judging from various dictionaries' examples, but it isn't always. E.g., "頭が空転する"
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24,2 @@ -<gloss>arguing in circles with no result</gloss> +<gloss>going in circles</gloss> +<gloss>spinning one's wheels</gloss>

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jmdict 1249350 Active (id: 2168624)
係属；繋属 [rK]
【けいぞく】

1.

[n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ connection
▶ relation
▶ association
▶ affiliation

2.

[n,vs,vt,vi] {law}
▶ pendency

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2109570 訴訟係属 1. pendency; pending litigation; pendente lite

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 22:01:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, ルミナス, daijr 係属 42273 繋属 339
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -18 +18,0 @@ -<gloss>relationship</gloss> @@ -19,0 +20,2 @@ +<gloss>relation</gloss> +<gloss>association</gloss> @@ -28 +30 @@ -<gloss>pending (e.g. legal case)</gloss> +<field>&law;</field>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:52:15 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -22,0 +25,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1251130 Active (id: 2168626)
経営 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
【けいえい [ichi1,news1,nf01] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ management
▶ administration
▶ operation
▶ running (a business)
▶ conducting

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-08 22:08:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23 @@ -<gloss>running (business)</gloss> +<gloss>running (a business)</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-07 09:49:52 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2015-08-14 02:27:27 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	eij, gg5, prog, wisdom
	Comments:	i don't think it needs to be split by pos
	Diff:	@@ -21,8 +21,3 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<gloss>to run (a business)</gloss> -<gloss>to manage</gloss> -<gloss>to operate</gloss> -<gloss>to keep</gloss> -<gloss>to be in charge of</gloss> +<gloss>operation</gloss> +<gloss>running (business)</gloss> +<gloss>conducting</gloss>
1.	A* 2015-08-09 09:35:37
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22,8 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>to run (a business)</gloss> +<gloss>to manage</gloss> +<gloss>to operate</gloss> +<gloss>to keep</gloss> +<gloss>to be in charge of</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1251890 Active (id: 2168627)
繋ぎ
【つなぎ；ツナギ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ link
▶ connection
▶ tie
▶ bond
▶ contact

2.

[n,adj-no] [uk]
▶ filler
▶ stopgap (job, budget, etc.)

3.

[n] [uk]
▶ thickener (e.g. in cooking)
▶ thickening
▶ liaison

4.

[n] [uk] {finance}
▶ hedging
▶ hedge

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1118300 ヘッジ 1. hedge

5.

[n] [uk]
▶ overalls
▶ coveralls
▶ boiler suit

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2002410 つなぎ服 1. overalls; boiler suit

6.

[n] [uk]
▶ intermission (in kabuki)
▶ interval

History:

5.	A 2021-12-08 22:09:31 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not according to the refs.
	Diff:	@@ -49 +48,0 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc>
4.	A 2021-12-07 10:17:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Probably.
	Diff:	@@ -49,0 +50 @@ +<misc>&abbr;</misc>
3.	A* 2021-12-07 05:22:25 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	abbr?
	Diff:	@@ -46,0 +47,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2002410">つなぎ服</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2002410">つなぎ服</xref>
2.	A 2017-08-29 11:25:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-08-28 19:23:01 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Splitting.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ツナギ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -12 +15,0 @@ -<field>&comp;</field> @@ -14,3 +17,40 @@ -<gloss>stopgap measure</gloss> -<gloss>filler (i.e. time, space)</gloss> -<gloss>patch</gloss> +<gloss>link</gloss> +<gloss>connection</gloss> +<gloss>tie</gloss> +<gloss>bond</gloss> +<gloss>contact</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>filler</gloss> +<gloss>stopgap (job, budget, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>thickener (e.g. in cooking)</gloss> +<gloss>thickening</gloss> +<gloss>liaison</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1118300">ヘッジ</xref> +<field>&finc;</field> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>hedging</gloss> +<gloss>hedge</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>overalls</gloss> +<gloss>coveralls</gloss> +<gloss>boiler suit</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>intermission (in kabuki)</gloss> +<gloss>interval</gloss>

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jmdict 1256050 Active (id: 2168281)
倦怠 [spec2,news2,nf44]
【けんたい [spec2,news2,nf44] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ weariness
▶ fatigue
▶ languor
▶ boredom
▶ tedium
▶ ennui

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 00:28:28 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2019-12-25 14:12:30 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2019-12-24 23:14:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@ +<gloss>weariness</gloss> +<gloss>fatigue</gloss> @@ -20,2 +21,0 @@ -<gloss>fatigue</gloss> -<gloss>weariness</gloss> @@ -22,0 +23,2 @@ +<gloss>tedium</gloss> +<gloss>ennui</gloss>

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jmdict 1256650 Active (id: 2168287)
兼帯
【けんたい】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ combined use ▶ combination ▶ dual-use ▶ serving two purposes
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ filling two positions

Conjugations

History:

1.

A 2021-12-08 01:03:16 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>

Refs:

mk

Diff:

@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -14,0 +16,7 @@
+<gloss>dual-use</gloss>
+<gloss>serving two purposes</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -16,2 +23,0 @@
-<gloss>serving two purposes</gloss>
-<gloss>dual-use</gloss>

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jmdict 1257420 Active (id: 2168279)
建設 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
【けんせつ [ichi1,news1,nf01] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ construction
▶ establishment

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 00:27:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1257980 Active (id: 2168280)
検束
【けんそく】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ arrest
▶ custody
▶ detention

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 00:28:06 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1258030 Active (id: 2168290)
検波
【けんぱ】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ detection (e.g. of radio waves) ▶ detecting
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ demodulation

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 01:04:23 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>detection (e.g. radio waves)</gloss> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>detection (e.g. of radio waves)</gloss> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2013-08-28 23:03:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	definitely different senses
1.	A* 2013-08-28 23:02:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr (splits sense), GG5
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,1 @@ +<gloss>detection (e.g. radio waves)</gloss> @@ -15,0 +16,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>demodulation</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1259830 Active (id: 2302661)
見送る [ichi1,news1,nf08]
【みおくる [ichi1,news1,nf08] 】

1.	[v5r,vt] ▶ to see (someone) off ▶ to escort
2.	[v5r,vt] ▶ to watch (someone or something) go out of sight ▶ to follow with one's eyes ▶ to gaze after
3.	[v5r,vt] ▶ to let (a bus, pitch, etc.) go by ▶ to let pass ▶ to pass up (an opportunity)
4.	[v5r,vt] ▶ to postpone ▶ to put off ▶ to shelve ▶ to leave (as it is)
5.	[v5r,vt] ▶ to take care of (someone) until death ▶ to attend (someone's) funeral ▶ to bury
6.	[v5r,vt] {stock market} ▶ to hold off (buying or selling) ▶ to wait and see

Conjugations

History:

10.	A 2024-05-31 04:35:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2024-05-29 17:34:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij, meikyo
	Comments:	I think senses 5 and 6 can be merged.
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>to see someone off (at a station, an airport, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to escort (e.g. home)</gloss> +<gloss>to see (someone) off</gloss> +<gloss>to escort</gloss> @@ -25 +25,3 @@ -<gloss>to follow something with one's eyes until it is out of sight</gloss> +<gloss>to watch (someone or something) go out of sight</gloss> +<gloss>to follow with one's eyes</gloss> +<gloss>to gaze after</gloss> @@ -29,0 +32 @@ +<gloss>to let (a bus, pitch, etc.) go by</gloss> @@ -31,3 +34 @@ -<gloss>to pass up (an opportunity etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to let a pitch go by (baseball)</gloss> -<gloss>to watch a batted ball go into the stands</gloss> +<gloss>to pass up (an opportunity)</gloss> @@ -38 +38,0 @@ -<gloss>to shelve (a plan, deliberation on a bill, etc.)</gloss> @@ -39,0 +40,3 @@ +<gloss>to put off</gloss> +<gloss>to shelve</gloss> +<gloss>to leave (as it is)</gloss> @@ -44,2 +47,3 @@ -<gloss>to have someone related or close to you die</gloss> -<gloss>to bury someone</gloss> +<gloss>to take care of (someone) until death</gloss> +<gloss>to attend (someone's) funeral</gloss> +<gloss>to bury</gloss> @@ -50,5 +54,2 @@ -<gloss>to take care of someone until he dies</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v5r;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> +<field>&stockm;</field> +<gloss>to hold off (buying or selling)</gloss> @@ -56 +56,0 @@ -<gloss>to continue (e.g. in legal contexts)</gloss>
8.	A 2021-12-08 03:03:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The present order is consistent with other JEs such as GG5. Also, only the first 3 senses have example sentences.
7.	A* 2021-11-25 01:50:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think to shelve/to postpone should be higher up, should be the 2nd sense I reckon
6.	A 2021-11-19 10:46:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Converting somebody to someone -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -50 +50 @@ -<gloss>to take care of somebody until he dies</gloss> +<gloss>to take care of someone until he dies</gloss>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A 2016-11-01 07:11:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	That's better. The original had me puzzled.
4.	A* 2016-11-01 06:11:41
	Diff:	@@ -38 +38 @@ -<gloss>to shelve (a plan etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to shelve (a plan, deliberation on a bill, etc.)</gloss> @@ -58,5 +57,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&v5r;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to pass (e.g. a bill in the legislature)</gloss> -</sense>
3.	A* 2016-11-01 06:00:17
	Diff:	@@ -57,0 +58,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to pass (e.g. a bill in the legislature)</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A 2014-10-10 02:43:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The new sense 2 gloss matches the example sentences quite well.
1.	A* 2014-10-09 18:25:36 Not Meiryo-Name <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	djr;djs;prog3e;kenkyu中
	Comments:	Not entirely sure what "to continue (e.g. in legal contexts)" means, so I left it with "to wait and see" Don't know whether to merge senses (5) and (6) together or not. Senses (3) and (4) are somewhat close but sources keep them separate - if anything, I feel that sense (4) suggests much deliberation whereas sense (3) feels more spontaneous. Regarding the baseball-related sense, djr/djs/prog3e put it together with the "letting something pass" sense (i.e. sense (3)). No idea about which sense is more frequent. Sorry.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<gloss>to see off (e.g. to the station, an airport, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to see someone off (at a station, an airport, etc.)</gloss> @@ -21 +20,0 @@ -<gloss>to farewell</gloss> @@ -26,2 +25 @@ -<gloss>to see out</gloss> -<gloss>to send off</gloss> +<gloss>to follow something with one's eyes until it is out of sight</gloss> @@ -33,2 +31,3 @@ -<gloss>to wait and see</gloss> -<gloss>to continue (e.g. in legal contexts)</gloss> +<gloss>to pass up (an opportunity etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to let a pitch go by (baseball)</gloss> +<gloss>to watch a batted ball go into the stands</gloss> @@ -39,2 +38,19 @@ -<gloss>to let a pitch go by (baseball)</gloss> -<gloss>to watch a batted ball go into the stands</gloss> +<gloss>to shelve (a plan etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to postpone</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to have someone related or close to you die</gloss> +<gloss>to bury someone</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to take care of somebody until he dies</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to wait and see</gloss> +<gloss>to continue (e.g. in legal contexts)</gloss>

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jmdict 1264750 Active (id: 2168455)
個室 [news1,nf14]
【こしつ [news1,nf14] 】

1.	[n] ▶ single (room) ▶ room for one ▶ one's own room ▶ private room ▶ private compartment
2.	[n] ▶ private room (in a restaurant, etc.) ▶ private dining room
3.	[n] ▶ (toilet) stall

History:

8.	A 2021-12-08 10:57:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2021-12-02 04:32:04 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	個室 in restaurant speak is not a room for one person but for one group. I think having it as a separate sense would be good for avoiding confusion.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<gloss>private room</gloss> @@ -19,0 +19,7 @@ +<gloss>private room</gloss> +<gloss>private compartment</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>private room (in a restaurant, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>private dining room</gloss>
6.	A 2018-08-14 00:34:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2018-08-13 19:06:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<gloss>single (room)</gloss> +<gloss>room for one</gloss>
4.	A 2012-09-16 23:18:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2012-09-16 21:56:19 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>(toilet) stall</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A 2011-02-21 01:29:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-02-21 00:18:03
	Refs:	GG2
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +17,1 @@ +<gloss>one's own room</gloss>

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jmdict 1266450 Active (id: 2169252)
呼応 [news1,nf14]
【こおう [news1,nf14] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ hailing each other

2.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ acting in concert
▶ responding (to)
▶ sympathizing (with)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2836326 時代に呼応する【じだいにこおうする】 1. to be up-to-date; to be relevant; to respond to the times

3.

[n,vs,vi] {grammar}
▶ agreement
▶ concord

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2021-12-14 01:51:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk convert ling to gramm -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -32 +32 @@ -<field>&ling;</field> +<field>&gramm;</field>
5.	A 2021-12-08 09:25:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (only 2 senses)
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -21,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -28,0 +31 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
4.	A 2018-07-25 03:34:27 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2018-07-24 05:43:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Sense 2 was a bit opaque.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,2 @@ +<gloss>responding (to)</gloss> +<gloss>sympathizing (with)</gloss>
2.	A 2013-12-28 00:34:18 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2013-12-27 03:42:12 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s, Luminous, 研究社新和英中辞典
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +27 @@ +<field>&ling;</field>

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jmdict 1267950 Active (id: 2168387)
鼓吹
【こすい】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ rousing (courage, morale, etc.) ▶ encouragement
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ advocacy ▶ promotion (of a belief) ▶ encouragement ▶ inspiring (someone with an idea)

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 09:34:36 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2020-07-10 22:43:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2020-07-10 18:27:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5, prog
	Comments:	Splitting into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13 @@ -<gloss>inspiration</gloss> -<gloss>advocacy</gloss> +<gloss>rousing (courage, morale, etc.)</gloss> @@ -16,0 +16,8 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>advocacy</gloss> +<gloss>promotion (of a belief)</gloss> +<gloss>encouragement</gloss> +<gloss>inspiring (someone with an idea)</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1268000 Active (id: 2168392)
鼓動 [spec2,news2,nf26]
【こどう [spec2,news2,nf26] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ beat
▶ palpitation
▶ pulsation
▶ throbbing

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:37:09 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1268920 Active (id: 2168388)
互選 [spec2,news2,nf34]
【ごせん [spec2,news2,nf34] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ election by mutual vote
▶ election from within a committee (party, etc.)
▶ internal vote

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 09:34:55 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2018-05-18 02:49:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-05-17 16:36:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	I think this is clearer.
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19,3 @@ -<gloss>mutual election</gloss> -<gloss>co-opting</gloss> +<gloss>election by mutual vote</gloss> +<gloss>election from within a committee (party, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>internal vote</gloss>

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jmdict 1269880 Active (id: 2204529)
後退 [news1,nf05]
【こうたい [news1,nf05] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ retreat
▶ falling back
▶ moving backwards
▶ reversing
▶ backing up (of a vehicle)
▶ retrogression
▶ retraction

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1393350 前進 1. advance; moving forward; progress

2.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ recession
▶ waning

3.

[n] {computing}
▶ backspace (key)

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2022-08-17 06:54:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-08-16 20:37:34 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"backing (a vehicle)" implies that 後退する is transitive.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<xref type="ant" seq="1393350">前進</xref> @@ -22 +23 @@ -<gloss>backing (a vehicle)</gloss> +<gloss>backing up (of a vehicle)</gloss>
5.	A 2022-08-15 12:03:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	I think it's in sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<gloss>backing (a vehicle)</gloss>
4.	A* 2022-08-15 07:38:05 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	sense 1 is freq. used for "backing" (i.e. a car), should that be split out into a sense of its own?
3.	A 2021-12-08 09:15:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -26,0 +28 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2017-08-12 18:36:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, prog, gg5
	Comments:	Splitting sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -18,0 +18,4 @@ +<gloss>falling back</gloss> +<gloss>moving backwards</gloss> +<gloss>reversing</gloss> +<gloss>retrogression</gloss> @@ -24,3 +27,7 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>backspace</gloss> -<gloss>BS</gloss> +<gloss>recession</gloss> +<gloss>waning</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&comp;</field> +<gloss>backspace (key)</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-08-12 12:38:23 Amen Lernsky <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	eij
	Comments:	e.g. body parts: 舌根後退
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>retraction</gloss>

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jmdict 1271340 Active (id: 2168386)
誤算 [news1,nf14]
【ごさん [news1,nf14] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ miscalculation

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:33:22 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1271450 Active (id: 2168393)
誤聞
【ごぶん】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ misunderstanding
▶ misinformation

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:37:48 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1271570 Active (id: 2168389)
護送 [news1,nf24]
【ごそう [news1,nf24] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ escort (e.g. under guard)
▶ convoy

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:35:19 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1272180 Active (id: 2168362)
交接
【こうせつ】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ sexual intercourse

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1271950 交合【こうごう】 1. sexual union; congress

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 09:11:35 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2021-09-13 06:11:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-09-13 02:23:47 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	intercoursal?
	Diff:	@@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>

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jmdict 1274030 Active (id: 2168359)
公称 [news1,nf22]
【こうしょう [news1,nf22] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ public name ▶ announcing publicly
2.	[adj-f] ▶ nominal

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:08:38 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1274680 Active (id: 2168375)
公募 [news1,nf08]
【こうぼ [news1,nf08] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ public appeal (e.g. for contributions) ▶ public advertisement (of a post) ▶ open recruitment
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ public offering (of securities)

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 09:23:47 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Comments:	finc?
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -18 +18,0 @@ -<gloss>public offering (of securities)</gloss> @@ -20,0 +21,6 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>public offering (of securities)</gloss>
2.	A 2012-10-11 16:50:37 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-10-11 07:31:15 Marcus
	Refs:	eij
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +20,1 @@ +<gloss>open recruitment</gloss>

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jmdict 1275270 Active (id: 2168346)
勾引；拘引
【こういん】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ arrest
▶ custody
▶ apprehending
▶ abduction

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 08:59:25 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 勾引 4238 拘引 3086
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -18 +19 @@ -<gloss>seduction</gloss> +<gloss>apprehending</gloss>

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jmdict 1276070 Active (id: 2168784)
口固め
【くちがため】

1.	[n,vs,vi] [dated] ▶ verbal promise
2.	[n,vs,vi] [dated] ▶ forbidding someone from telling others

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-09 22:49:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 22:23:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -14,0 +16,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<misc>&dated;</misc> +<gloss>forbidding someone from telling others</gloss>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:38:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (2 senses) daijr 3 senses
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&dated;</misc>

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jmdict 1276180 Active (id: 2221962)
口止め [ichi1,news2,nf46] ；口どめ [sK]
【くちどめ [ichi1,news2,nf46] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ forbidding mentioning (something to others)
▶ imposing silence (on)
▶ ordering (someone) to keep quiet
▶ muzzling (someone)
▶ gagging
▶ hushing up

2.

[n] [abbr]
▶ hush money

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1276190 口止め料 1. hush money

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2023-02-15 22:42:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2023-02-15 02:37:34 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 口止め　 │ 59,957 │ 98.9% │ │ 口どめ　 │ 442 │ 0.7% │ - adding │ くちどめ │ 201 │ 0.3% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>口どめ</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5.	A 2021-12-11 06:30:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-12-08 22:34:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, ルミナス
	Diff:	@@ -20,3 +20,6 @@ -<gloss>forbidding to speak</gloss> -<gloss>muzzling (a person)</gloss> -<gloss>bribing into secrecy</gloss> +<gloss>forbidding mentioning (something to others)</gloss> +<gloss>imposing silence (on)</gloss> +<gloss>ordering (someone) to keep quiet</gloss> +<gloss>muzzling (someone)</gloss> +<gloss>gagging</gloss> +<gloss>hushing up</gloss>
3.	A 2021-11-07 01:30:26 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2015-01-21 07:30:58 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2015-01-21 07:26:27 Not Meiryo-Name <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	djr; djs
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1276190">口止め料</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>hush money</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1276930 Active (id: 2298860)
口弁；口辯 [oK]
【こうべん】

1.

[n] [rare]
▶ eloquence

History:

2.	A 2024-04-22 18:06:58 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	kyūji
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
1.	A 2021-12-08 09:20:35 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	口辯 No matches 口弁 246
	Comments:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>口辯</keb> @@ -11,0 +15 @@ +<misc>&obsc;</misc>

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jmdict 1278100 Active (id: 2168357)
工作 [ichi1,news1,nf04]
【こうさく [ichi1,news1,nf04] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ handicraft
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ work ▶ construction ▶ manufacturing
3.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ maneuvering ▶ manoeuvering

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 09:07:44 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (only 2 senses)
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -23,0 +25 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -30,0 +33 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2013-11-10 01:38:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The Tanaka corpus has 裏帳簿工作 as "creative accounting". I'll make it sense 3 for 工作.
1.	A* 2013-11-10 00:47:08 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, prog, 研究社新和英中辞典
	Comments:	研究社新和英中辞典 combines senses 1 and 2
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,5 @@ +<gloss>handicraft</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -21,1 +26,5 @@ -<gloss>handicraft</gloss> +<gloss>manufacturing</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos>

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jmdict 1278510 Active (id: 2168355)
広告 [ichi1,news1,nf02] ；廣告 [oK]
【こうこく [ichi1,news1,nf02] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ advertisement ▶ advertising
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ announcement ▶ notice

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-08 09:06:22 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Comments:	I don't think it's an adj-no
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -29,0 +30 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
4.	A 2020-03-01 20:20:24 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2020-02-29 09:56:22 dine <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	広告 51920489 廣告 7433
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>廣告</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2019-06-19 21:07:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>announcement</gloss> +<gloss>notice</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A* 2019-06-19 16:16:04
	Refs:	WISDON E/J
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<gloss>advertising</gloss>

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jmdict 1278980 Active (id: 2298871)
抗弁 [news2,nf31] ；抗辯 [oK]
【こうべん [news2,nf31] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ protest
▶ refutation
▶ pleading

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2024-04-22 18:33:05 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	kyūji
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
1.	A 2021-12-08 09:19:40 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 抗弁 72728 抗辯 77
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>抗辯</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -16,0 +21 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1278990 Active (id: 2168352)
拘禁 [news1,nf24]
【こうきん [news1,nf24] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ detention
▶ custody
▶ confinement
▶ internment

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 09:03:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2017-04-17 09:58:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-04-16 19:16:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, prog
	Comments:	This went unnoticed for a long time.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17,4 @@ -<gloss>intern</gloss> +<gloss>detention</gloss> +<gloss>custody</gloss> +<gloss>confinement</gloss> +<gloss>internment</gloss>

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jmdict 1279000 Active (id: 2168366)
拘束 [ichi1,news1,nf08]
【こうそく [ichi1,news1,nf08] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ restriction
▶ restraint
▶ binding
▶ constraint

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 09:15:19 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2011-09-30 08:15:40 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
1.	A* 2011-09-29 19:01:49 Tad Perry <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	In the computer graphics translations I've been doing for Nintendo, this kanji compound is being used for what would be termed "constraint" in English.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +22,1 @@ +<gloss>constraint</gloss>

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jmdict 1279170 Active (id: 2168353)
攻撃 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
【こうげき [ichi1,news1,nf01] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ attack
▶ assault
▶ raid
▶ onslaught
▶ offensive

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1327180 守備 1. defense; defence
	⇐ see: 2701580 口撃【こうげき】 1. verbal attack

2.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ criticism
▶ censure
▶ denunciation
▶ condemnation

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-08 09:03:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -28,0 +30 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
4.	A 2019-02-05 19:51:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2019-02-05 19:04:11 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1327180">守備</xref> +<xref type="ant" seq="1327180">守備</xref> @@ -21 +21,3 @@ -<gloss>strike</gloss> +<gloss>assault</gloss> +<gloss>raid</gloss> +<gloss>onslaught</gloss>
2.	A 2012-04-08 22:43:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-04-08 16:07:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	splitting
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1327180">守備</xref> @@ -22,0 +23,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -24,0 +29,2 @@ +<gloss>denunciation</gloss> +<gloss>condemnation</gloss>

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jmdict 1279270 Active (id: 2168376)
攻略 [news1,nf18]
【こうりゃく [news1,nf18] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ capture (of enemy territory) ▶ taking (by storm) ▶ conquest ▶ attack ▶ assault
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ defeating (an opponent)
3.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ attacking (a problem) strategically

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-08 09:24:19 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (only 2 senses)
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -25,0 +27 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -30,0 +33 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
3.	A 2018-06-02 01:49:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2018-06-01 23:45:18 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/攻略 jwiki: "元来は軍事用語として用いられたが、最近ではより俗用的に、〈攻める側と攻められる側からなる競争的な状況一般〉に対して広く用いられるようになった。現在、「攻略」の語が好んで用いられる文脈は、例えばコンピュータゲーム、ギャンブル、株への投機、恋愛など、多岐にわたる"
	Comments:	This is not an abbreviation of 攻略本. As Wikipedia explains, 攻略 can be used for all sorts of situations. I've created an extra sense but it's tricky to come up with glosses.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17,5 @@ -<gloss>capture</gloss> +<gloss>capture (of enemy territory)</gloss> +<gloss>taking (by storm)</gloss> +<gloss>conquest</gloss> +<gloss>attack</gloss> +<gloss>assault</gloss> @@ -22,5 +26,6 @@ -<field>&comp;</field> -<misc>&abbr;</misc> -<gloss>strategy guide</gloss> -<gloss>playing guide (e.g. for game)</gloss> -<gloss>book of hints</gloss> +<gloss>defeating (an opponent)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>attacking (a problem) strategically</gloss>
1.	A 2012-09-17 06:19:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -23,1 +23,4 @@ -<gloss>walkthrough or specific advice (e.g. in computer games)</gloss> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>strategy guide</gloss> +<gloss>playing guide (e.g. for game)</gloss> +<gloss>book of hints</gloss>

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jmdict 1279340 Active (id: 2168349)
更改 [news1,nf15]
【こうかい [news1,nf15] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ renewal
▶ extension
▶ revision

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:01:17 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1280520 Active (id: 2168795)
硬化 [ichi1,news2,nf28]
【こうか [ichi1,news2,nf28] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ hardening
▶ vulcanization
▶ vulcanisation
▶ sclerosis
▶ curing

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1460740 軟化 1. softening

2.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ hardening (of attitude, stance, etc.)
▶ stiffening
▶ toughening

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1460740 軟化 2. softening (of attitude); mollification

3.

[n,vs,vi] {finance}
▶ upturn (in the market)
▶ firming up

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1460740 軟化 3. weakening (of the market)

Conjugations

History:

8.	A 2021-12-10 00:42:22 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -40,0 +41 @@ +<field>&finc;</field>
7.	A 2021-12-08 09:00:50 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (only first 2 senses)
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -28,0 +30 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -36,0 +39 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
6.	A 2018-06-12 09:51:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -28,0 +29 @@ +<xref type="ant" seq="1460740">軟化・2</xref> @@ -35,0 +37 @@ +<xref type="ant" seq="1460740">軟化・3</xref>
5.	A 2018-06-10 22:05:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2018-06-10 17:16:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5, prog
	Comments:	Added senses.
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<xref type="ant" seq="1460740">軟化</xref> +<xref type="ant" seq="1460740">軟化・1</xref> @@ -26,0 +26,13 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>hardening (of attitude, stance, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>stiffening</gloss> +<gloss>toughening</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>upturn (in the market)</gloss> +<gloss>firming up</gloss> +</sense>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A 2011-04-21 08:31:28 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +20,2 @@ +<xref type="ant" seq="1460740">軟化</xref> +<xref type="ant" seq="1460740">軟化</xref>
2.	A 2010-10-24 08:13:46 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	eijiro
1.	A* 2010-10-24 05:52:41 Michael Engel <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +24,1 @@ +<gloss>curing</gloss>

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jmdict 1280610 Active (id: 2168369)
硬直 [news1,nf16]
【こうちょく [news1,nf16] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ stiffening
▶ rigidity
▶ rigor
▶ stiffness
▶ ossification
▶ petrification

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:17:08 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1281140 Active (id: 2168356)
考査 [news2,nf26]
【こうさ [news2,nf26] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ examination
▶ consideration
▶ test
▶ quiz

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:06:41 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1281180 Active (id: 2168797)
肯定 [ichi1,news1,nf10]
【こうてい [ichi1,news1,nf10] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ affirmation

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1482990 否定 1. denial; negation; repudiation; disavowal

2.

[n] {logic}
▶ affirmative

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-10 00:47:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25,2 @@ -<gloss>affirmative (logic)</gloss> +<field>&logic;</field> +<gloss>affirmative</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-08 09:17:43 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2018-02-25 23:03:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-02-24 12:28:13 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5
	Comments:	Added sense. Dropped adjective gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<gloss>positive</gloss> +<xref type="ant" seq="1482990">否定・1</xref> @@ -21,0 +22,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>affirmative (logic)</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1282830 Active (id: 2168347)
降下 [spec2,news2,nf25]
【こうか [spec2,news2,nf25] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ descent ▶ fall ▶ drop ▶ (atmospheric) depression
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ passing down (of an order, decree, etc.)

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 08:59:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -26,0 +28 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2018-03-08 11:45:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-03-08 11:28:34 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj
	Comments:	Added sense. I don't think "landing" is correct.
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>descent</gloss> @@ -20,3 +21,7 @@ -<gloss>descent</gloss> -<gloss>(plane) landing</gloss> -<gloss>(atmos.) depression</gloss> +<gloss>drop</gloss> +<gloss>(atmospheric) depression</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>passing down (of an order, decree, etc.)</gloss>

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jmdict 1282860 Active (id: 2168358)
降参 [ichi1,news2,nf46]
【こうさん [ichi1,news2,nf46] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ surrender ▶ submission ▶ capitulation
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ being defeated (e.g. by a problem) ▶ giving up ▶ giving in

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-08 09:08:14 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -25,0 +27 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
4.	A 2017-06-27 03:07:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2017-06-25 19:13:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daijr/s
	Comments:	Added sense. I included an example for sense 2 so that the difference between the two senses is a little clearer.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19,8 @@ -<gloss>giving in to</gloss> +<gloss>surrender</gloss> +<gloss>submission</gloss> +<gloss>capitulation</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>being defeated (e.g. by a problem)</gloss> @@ -21 +28 @@ -<gloss>surrender</gloss> +<gloss>giving in</gloss>
2.	A 2010-09-19 00:46:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-09-19 00:09:54 CK
	Comments:	"surrender" seems to have been omitted. It would be the likely translation many times this word is seen.
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +21,1 @@ +<gloss>surrender</gloss>

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jmdict 1284310 Active (id: 2168377)
号令 [news1,nf24]
【ごうれい [news1,nf24] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ order (esp. to a number of people) ▶ command
2.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ ritual of bowing at start and end of school class

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 09:24:57 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -22,0 +25,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2018-07-11 01:41:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr splits into a group order and a superior->inferior order. I think this is simpler.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<gloss>order (to a large number of people, so that they act in unison)</gloss> +<gloss>order (esp. to a number of people)</gloss>
1.	A* 2018-07-10 09:35:51
	Refs:	大辞林大辞泉
	Comments:	野田は、額の辺りに浮かんだ汗を、白いハンカチで拭うと雅美をちらりと見た。雅美は、号令の係りなのだ。雅美は、一呼置いた後、勢いよく言った。「起立、礼‥‥‥。」
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<gloss>order</gloss> +<gloss>order (to a large number of people, so that they act in unison)</gloss> @@ -19,0 +20,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>ritual of bowing at start and end of school class</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1286070 Active (id: 2168379)
告発 [news1,nf06]
【こくはつ [news1,nf06] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ indictment
▶ prosecution
▶ complaint

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:26:09 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1287920 Active (id: 2168575)
黒帯
【くろおび】

1.

[n] {martial arts}
▶ black belt

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 19:44:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 13:09:11 Nicolas Maia
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>black belt (judo, karate, etc.)</gloss> +<field>&MA;</field> +<gloss>black belt</gloss>

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jmdict 1289950 Active (id: 2168812)
昏睡 [spec2,news2,nf42]
【こんすい [spec2,news2,nf42] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] {medicine} ▶ coma
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ deep sleep ▶ falling fast asleep

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2021-12-10 06:16:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2021-12-10 01:07:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	GG5 has "dead sleep" but I agree it looks odd.
	Diff:	@@ -27 +27,2 @@ -<gloss>being dead asleep</gloss> +<gloss>deep sleep</gloss> +<gloss>falling fast asleep</gloss>
5.	A 2021-12-08 10:13:21 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Comments:	"dead sleep" is weird, isn't it?
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -25 +26,2 @@ -<gloss>dead sleep</gloss> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>being dead asleep</gloss>
4.	A 2018-03-28 02:43:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2018-03-26 13:48:23 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj
	Comments:	I think "coma" should be the only gloss for sense 1. The other glosses have different/additional meanings and are potentially confusing. Not [adj-no].
	Diff:	@@ -19 +18,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -22,2 +20,0 @@ -<gloss>lethargy</gloss> -<gloss>stupor</gloss> @@ -28 +24,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2013-08-06 01:20:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-06 00:28:38 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, etc.
	Comments:	sense splitting was wacky
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +20,2 @@ +<field>&med;</field> +<gloss>coma</gloss> @@ -27,1 +29,0 @@ -<gloss>coma</gloss>

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jmdict 1290350 Active (id: 2168395)
混交；混淆；渾淆 [rK]
【こんこう】

1.

[n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ mixture
▶ intermixture
▶ mixing up
▶ jumbling together

2.

[n,vs,vt,vi] {linguistics}
▶ contamination

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2168570 コンタミネーション 2. contamination

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 10:08:47 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 混交 34399 混淆 21362 渾淆 No matches
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -18,0 +20,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -26,0 +30,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -29 +33,0 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">creation of unorthodox words or phrases by combining terms of similar form or meaning</gloss>
2.	A 2012-05-15 02:34:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-05-15 01:23:13 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -27,1 +27,3 @@ -<gloss>contamination (creation of unorthodox words or phrases by combining terms of similar form or meaning)</gloss> +<field>&ling;</field> +<gloss>contamination</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">creation of unorthodox words or phrases by combining terms of similar form or meaning</gloss>

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jmdict 1290470 Active (id: 2169859)
混濁；溷濁 [rK]
【こんだく】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ becoming turbid ▶ becoming muddy ▶ becoming cloudy ▶ becoming opaque
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ becoming muddled (of thoughts, senses, etc.) ▶ growing dim (of consciousness)
3.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ disorder ▶ chaos

Conjugations

History:

10.	A 2021-12-16 22:14:59 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2021-12-16 18:59:20
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21 @@ -<gloss>become opaque</gloss> +<gloss>becoming opaque</gloss>
8.	A 2021-12-09 22:53:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2021-12-08 22:48:36 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog, chujiten, daijs, meikyo
	Comments:	Splitting sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ -<gloss>turbidity</gloss> -<gloss>cloudiness (of a liquid)</gloss> -<gloss>opacity</gloss> -<gloss>muddiness (e.g. water, mind, consciousness)</gloss> +<gloss>becoming turbid</gloss> +<gloss>becoming muddy</gloss> +<gloss>becoming cloudy</gloss> +<gloss>become opaque</gloss> @@ -27 +27,7 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1290560">混乱</xref> +<gloss>becoming muddled (of thoughts, senses, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>growing dim (of consciousness)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
6.	A 2021-12-07 13:31:48 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	混濁 68750 溷濁 407
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A 2021-12-07 09:33:56 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	溷濁 poss rK? I think 混濁果汁 (quoted by Nils) is just a compound noun use, not pref
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<pos>&n-pref;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -24,0 +25 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
4.	A 2012-07-23 02:00:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2012-07-22 15:34:49 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	* Elab and rearrange – “muddy” is potentially confusing (this is not “covered in mud”), so move later * Add [n-pref] – used as prefix in GG5, and saw used as 混濁果汁 (on a can; that term gets 9,000+ hits)
	Diff:	@@ -16,1 +16,1 @@ -<gloss>muddiness</gloss> +<pos>&n-pref;</pos> @@ -18,0 +18,1 @@ +<gloss>cloudiness (of a liquid)</gloss> @@ -19,0 +20,1 @@ +<gloss>muddiness (e.g. water, mind, consciousness)</gloss>
2.	A 2010-09-14 22:57:37 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-09-14 21:57:59 Scott
	Refs:	koj daij
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>溷濁</keb> @@ -17,0 +20,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1290560">混乱</xref> +<gloss>disorder</gloss> +<gloss>chaos</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1290540 Active (id: 2168576)
混迷 [ichi1,news1,nf08]
【こんめい [ichi1,news1,nf08] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ turmoil
▶ chaos
▶ confusion

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 19:44:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 10:16:58 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk has 混迷 and 昏迷 together - we and gg5 have them as separate entries 混迷 239102 昏迷 7198
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1291390 Active (id: 2168478)
差配
【さはい】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ conduct of business ▶ management
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ acting as agent (of a land owner, house owner, etc.) ▶ being in charge (of a house, etc.)

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 11:17:53 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Comments:	taking a break, next word on the meikyo vt,vs list is 差別
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2019-03-13 23:31:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2019-03-13 21:20:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5
	Comments:	Splitting into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13 @@ -<gloss>agency</gloss> -<gloss>charge</gloss> +<gloss>conduct of business</gloss> @@ -16 +15,6 @@ -<gloss>act as an owner's agent</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>acting as agent (of a land owner, house owner, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>being in charge (of a house, etc.)</gloss>

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jmdict 1291420 Active (id: 2168448)
査閲
【さえつ】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ inspection
▶ examination

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:53:00 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1292350 Active (id: 2168603)
再演 [news1,nf20]
【さいえん [news1,nf20] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ another showing (of a play)
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ playing the same role again (i.e. of an actor)
3.	[n,vs,vt] {biology} ▶ recapitulation

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 20:31:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 10:29:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (only 2 senses)
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -21,0 +23,7 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>playing the same role again (i.e. of an actor)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos>
1.	A 2014-12-21 01:49:07 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -22 +22,2 @@ -<gloss>recapitulation (biology)</gloss> +<field>&biol;</field> +<gloss>recapitulation</gloss>

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jmdict 1292910 Active (id: 2168426)
再審 [news1,nf12]
【さいしん [news1,nf12] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] {law} ▶ retrial ▶ reopening of a case
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ review ▶ reexamination

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 10:41:15 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -23,0 +25 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2014-03-27 22:49:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
1.	A* 2014-03-27 14:05:19 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	daij etc.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,7 @@ +<field>&law;</field> +<gloss>retrial</gloss> +<gloss>reopening of a case</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -18 +24,0 @@ -<gloss>revision</gloss> @@ -20 +25,0 @@ -<gloss>retrial</gloss>

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jmdict 1293210 Active (id: 2168599)
再訂
【さいてい】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ second revision
▶ revised edition

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 20:29:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 10:43:57 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk gg5
	Comments:	odd error
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,3 @@ -<gloss>second time</gloss> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>second revision</gloss> +<gloss>revised edition</gloss>

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jmdict 1293360 Active (id: 2168433)
再燃 [news1,nf17]
【さいねん [news1,nf17] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ recurrence
▶ revival
▶ resuscitation

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:48:08 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Comments:	Don't think this is an adj
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1293370 Active (id: 2221671)
再拝
【さいはい】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ bowing twice
▶ worshipping again

2.

[n] [hon]
《used at the end of a letter》
▶ yours sincerely
▶ sincerely yours

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1250740 敬具 1. yours sincerely; sincerely yours; yours truly

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2023-02-11 19:51:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-02-11 14:41:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"yours truly" is quite informal. See comments on 1250740 regarding PoS.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -21 +21 @@ -<s_inf>epistolary closing formula</s_inf> +<s_inf>used at the end of a letter</s_inf> @@ -23 +22,0 @@ -<gloss>yours truly</gloss>
4.	A 2021-12-08 10:48:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -21,3 +22,3 @@ -<gloss>Yours sincerely</gloss> -<gloss>Yours truly</gloss> -<gloss>Sincerely yours</gloss> +<gloss>yours sincerely</gloss> +<gloss>yours truly</gloss> +<gloss>sincerely yours</gloss>
3.	A 2018-04-25 08:50:45 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&exp;</pos>
2.	A 2011-09-15 00:48:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2011-09-14 07:08:18 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	-split senses -rather sure that there's a semi-amusing typo... "clothing" -> "closing"
	Diff:	@@ -11,1 +11,0 @@ -<pos>∫</pos> @@ -13,0 +12,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>bowing twice</gloss> @@ -14,2 +15,9 @@ -<gloss>bowing twice</gloss> -<gloss>epistolary clothing</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1250740">敬具</xref> +<misc>&hon;</misc> +<s_inf>epistolary closing formula</s_inf> +<gloss>Yours sincerely</gloss> +<gloss>Yours truly</gloss> +<gloss>Sincerely yours</gloss>

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jmdict 1293630 Active (id: 2286707)
再来 [news1,nf16] ；再來 [sK]
【さいらい [news1,nf16] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ return ▶ coming back
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ second coming (e.g. of Christ) ▶ second advent ▶ reincarnation

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2023-12-28 20:16:51 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-12-28 20:12:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	再来 307424 99.7% 再來 851 0.3% Unidic
	Comments:	Saw it in the wild.
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>再來</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3.	A 2021-12-08 10:50:44 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -22,0 +24 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2012-04-30 06:27:28 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	generalizing
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +17,7 @@ -<gloss>return (e.g. follow-up patient)</gloss> -<gloss>second coming (e.g. of Christ, of a famous artist)</gloss> +<gloss>return</gloss> +<gloss>coming back</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>second coming (e.g. of Christ)</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-04-28 02:55:05 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 daijr
	Comments:	Saw at hospital as “follow-up patient”, contrasted with 新来 (GG5 gives “second coming of Mozart”, daijr gives “second coming of Bashō. East is east, and west is west…)
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +17,2 @@ -<gloss>return</gloss> -<gloss>second coming</gloss> +<gloss>return (e.g. follow-up patient)</gloss> +<gloss>second coming (e.g. of Christ, of a famous artist)</gloss>

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jmdict 1293690 Active (id: 2168444)
再録 [news2,nf41]
【さいろく [news2,nf41] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ reprinting
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ rerecording

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 10:51:50 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (has 2 senses)
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -21,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2020-02-24 02:50:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	The JEs treat it as one sense.
1.	A* 2020-02-24 02:28:39 dine <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/再録-508679 JE: https://kotobank.jp/jeword/再録
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17,6 @@ -<gloss>re-recording</gloss> +<gloss>reprinting</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>rerecording</gloss>

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jmdict 1294800 Active (id: 2168880)
採取 [ichi1,news1,nf15]
【さいしゅ [ichi1,news1,nf15] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ picking ▶ collecting ▶ harvesting ▶ gathering
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ extraction

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2021-12-11 08:57:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 10:37:47 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk gg5
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -21,0 +23,7 @@ +<gloss>gathering</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>extraction</gloss>

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jmdict 1294880 Active (id: 2168437)
採油
【さいゆ】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ extraction of oil (e.g. from seeds)
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ drilling for oil

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:49:57 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>getting oil</gloss> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -14,0 +15,5 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1294890 Active (id: 2168438)
採用 [ichi1,news1,nf02]
【さいよう [ichi1,news1,nf02] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ use ▶ adoption ▶ acceptance
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ appointment ▶ employment ▶ engagement ▶ recruitment

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 10:50:20 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -25,0 +27 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2012-11-13 03:24:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-11-12 21:08:29 winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	adding "recruitment" as a variant definition, as it's used in phrases like 新卒採用, 新卒一括採用, and 中途採用.
	Diff:	@@ -29,0 +29,1 @@ +<gloss>recruitment</gloss>

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jmdict 1295610 Active (id: 2168417)
細工 [ichi1,news1,nf14]
【さいく [ichi1,news1,nf14] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ work ▶ workmanship ▶ craftsmanship ▶ handiwork
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ artifice ▶ trick ▶ device ▶ tampering ▶ doctoring

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 10:30:17 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (3 senses)
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -26,0 +28 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2018-11-02 23:28:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-11-02 15:00:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5, prog
	Comments:	Splitting into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>workmanship</gloss> @@ -21 +22,6 @@ -<gloss>tactics</gloss> +<gloss>handiwork</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>artifice</gloss> @@ -22,0 +29,3 @@ +<gloss>device</gloss> +<gloss>tampering</gloss> +<gloss>doctoring</gloss>

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jmdict 1296080 Active (id: 2168418)
裁決 [ichi1,news1,nf16]
【さいけつ [ichi1,news1,nf16] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ decision
▶ ruling
▶ judgement
▶ judgment

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:30:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1296100 Active (id: 2168428)
裁断 [news2,nf29]
【さいだん [news2,nf29] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ cutting (cloth, paper, etc.)
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ judgement ▶ judgment ▶ decision

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 10:42:36 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17,2 @@ -<gloss>cutting (cloth, paper)</gloss> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>cutting (cloth, paper, etc.)</gloss> @@ -21,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2014-05-18 10:19:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google images show plenty of guillotines but not one shredder. Daijr, GG5 (both mention paper.)
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +17 @@ -<gloss>cutting (cloth)</gloss> -<gloss>shredding (in a paper shredder)</gloss> +<gloss>cutting (cloth, paper)</gloss>
1.	A* 2014-05-18 10:14:02 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	1) "cutting" is the first sense in various dictionaries (e.g. Kojien, Meikyo, Shogagkukan, and GG5). 2) I didn't notice a shredding" sense in the 6 or 7 refs I checked. Can that be corroborated?
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,6 @@ +<gloss>cutting (cloth)</gloss> +<gloss>shredding (in a paper shredder)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -21,6 +26,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<gloss>cutting (cloth)</gloss> -<gloss>shredding (in a paper shredder)</gloss> -</sense>

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jmdict 1296460 Active (id: 2168851)
在郷
【ざいごう；ざいきょう】

1.	[n,adj-no,vs,vi] ▶ being in one's hometown
2.	(ざいごう only) [n] ▶ countryside ▶ the country ▶ rural districts

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-11 01:34:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-12-11 00:55:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo, gg5, prog
	Comments:	"hometown" isn't right. I think the "郷里にいること" sense should lead.
	Diff:	@@ -15,5 +15 @@ -<gloss>hometown</gloss> -<gloss>rural districts</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -22,0 +19,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>ざいごう</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>countryside</gloss> +<gloss>the country</gloss> +<gloss>rural districts</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-09 10:58:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 10:33:30 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15,5 @@ +<gloss>hometown</gloss> +<gloss>rural districts</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -17,2 +22 @@ -<gloss>hometown</gloss> -<gloss>rural districts</gloss> +<gloss>being in one's hometown</gloss>
1.	A 2021-11-18 00:51:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1297750 Active (id: 2168469)
作図
【さくず】

1.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ drawing a figure ▶ drawing a diagram
2.	[n,vs,vt,vi] {mathematics} ▶ construction

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-08 11:08:29 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -18,0 +21,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
3.	A 2017-11-23 05:37:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<field>&geom;</field> +<field>&math;</field>
2.	A 2014-12-26 06:02:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2014-12-21 02:32:24 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, gg5, prog, wisdom, eij
	Diff:	@@ -13,3 +13,8 @@ -<gloss>drawing (figures)</gloss> -<gloss>construction (in geometry)</gloss> -<gloss>drafting</gloss> +<gloss>drawing a figure</gloss> +<gloss>drawing a diagram</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<field>&geom;</field> +<gloss>construction</gloss>

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jmdict 1298170 Active (id: 2168468)
搾取 [ichi1,news2,nf34]
【さくしゅ [ichi1,news2,nf34] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ exploitation ▶ bleeding dry ▶ squeezing dry
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ milking (e.g. a cow's teat) ▶ extracting (a liquid) through squeezing

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-08 11:08:08 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -25,0 +27 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
4.	A 2018-09-15 21:29:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
3.	A* 2018-09-15 17:34:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think we need so many glosses for sense 1. The JEs only have "exploitation".
	Diff:	@@ -20 +19,0 @@ -<gloss>squeezing</gloss> @@ -23 +21,0 @@ -<gloss>sweating</gloss> @@ -28 +26 @@ -<gloss>milking (i.e. a cow's teat)</gloss> +<gloss>milking (e.g. a cow's teat)</gloss>
2.	A 2018-09-14 23:17:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-09-14 17:12:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij gg5
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,2 @@ +<gloss>bleeding dry</gloss> +<gloss>squeezing dry</gloss> @@ -22,0 +25,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>milking (i.e. a cow's teat)</gloss> +<gloss>extracting (a liquid) through squeezing</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1298400 Active (id: 2168473)
錯覚 [ichi1,news1,nf19]
【さっかく [ichi1,news1,nf19] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt,adj-no] ▶ optical illusion ▶ hallucination
2.	[n,vs,vt,adj-no] ▶ misapprehension ▶ delusion

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 11:10:59 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -25,0 +27 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1299340 Active (id: 2168474)
雑居 [news1,nf24]
【ざっきょ [news1,nf24] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ living together ▶ mixed residence ▶ sharing living quarters
2.	[adj-f] ▶ multi-tenant ▶ community

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 11:11:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1301220 Active (id: 2202540)
三段論法
【さんだんろんぽう】

1.

[n] [yoji] {logic}
▶ syllogism

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2213730 定言的三段論法【ていげんてきさんだんろんぽう】 1. categorical syllogism
	⇐ see: 2213740 仮言的三段論法【かげんてきさんだんろんぽう】 1. hypothetical syllogism
	⇐ see: 2213750 選言的三段論法【せんげんてきさんだんろんぽう】 1. disjunctive syllogism
	⇐ see: 2213810 推論式【すいろんしき】 1. syllogism
	⇐ see: 2213820 推理式【すいりしき】 1. syllogism

History:

3.	A 2022-08-10 08:09:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding yoji tags based on gakken, shinmeikai and-or jitenon -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&yoji;</misc>
2.	A 2021-12-08 22:39:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
1.	A* 2021-12-07 03:28:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5: 【論】
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<field>&ling;</field> +<field>&logic;</field>

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jmdict 1303660 Active (id: 2168327)
桟道
【さんどう】

1.

[n]
▶ plank path (on a steep mountainside, cliff face, etc.)
▶ walkway

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 04:20:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 00:28:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, chujiten, www images
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>plank road</gloss> -<gloss>corduroy</gloss> +<gloss>plank path (on a steep mountainside, cliff face, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>walkway</gloss>

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jmdict 1309850 Active (id: 2168836)
指図 [ichi1,news2,nf25]
【さしず [ichi1,news2,nf25] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ directions
▶ instructions
▶ orders
▶ command

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-10 20:13:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-12-10 01:11:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think we can drop 指し図. See my comment from 2017.
	Diff:	@@ -9,4 +8,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>指し図</keb> -<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf>
3.	A 2021-12-08 11:10:11 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2017-12-12 07:02:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-12-09 12:12:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 G n-grams: 指図 143498 指し図 162
	Comments:	指し図 isn't in the refs. Nor is it common. Not [adj-no]. Don't like "mandate" as a gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf> @@ -22,3 +22,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>instruction</gloss> -<gloss>mandate</gloss> @@ -25,0 +24,3 @@ +<gloss>instructions</gloss> +<gloss>orders</gloss> +<gloss>command</gloss>

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jmdict 1330390 Active (id: 2168319)
樹氷 [news2,nf45]
【じゅひょう [news2,nf45] 】

1.	[n] ▶ frost on trees ▶ hoarfrost (on trees)
2.	[n] ▶ frost-covered trees

History:

4.	A 2021-12-08 02:35:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'll take the plunge and put the JE version in a second sense.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>frost-covered trees</gloss>
3.	A* 2021-11-26 11:11:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5: a tree 「covered [silvered] with 「frost [hoarfrost, rime]; a frost-covered tree. 中辞典: a tree covered [silvered] with hoarfrost [rime]. ルミナス: tree covered with (snow and) ice KOD: 樹氷原 a forest of ice-covered trees. Koj/Daijr: 霧氷の一種。 Daijs: およそ氷点下五度以下に冷却した水蒸気や過冷却の水滴が、樹木などに吹きつけられ凍結してできた氷
	Comments:	Interesting that the JEs and kokugos take two different views. 2 senses?
2.	A* 2021-11-24 23:28:15 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This is more correct than the original, thanks for the correction. But all refs okotobank appear to say it's a specific type of frost on trees. Britannica gives the English as "rime; soft rime"
1.	A* 2021-11-24 04:08:14 Samuel R. Messner <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	The Encyclopedia Nipponica: https://kotobank.jp/word/樹氷-78163
	Comments:	The word refers not to the trees, but to the frost.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16,2 @@ -<gloss>frost covered trees</gloss> +<gloss>frost on trees</gloss> +<gloss>hoarfrost (on trees)</gloss>

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jmdict 1342320 Active (id: 2168866)
順行
【じゅんこう；じゅんぎょう [ok] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ going in order
▶ moving forward
▶ going with (e.g. the current of the times)

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1227030 逆行 1. backward movement; reverse movement; going backwards; retrogression; going in the wrong direction; going against (e.g. the times); running counter to

2.

[n,vs,vi] {astronomy}
▶ direct motion
▶ prograde motion

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1227030 逆行 2. retrograde motion
	⇐ see: 2612060 循行【じゅんこう】 3. direct motion; prograde motion

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2021-12-11 06:33:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2021-12-08 20:42:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo
	Comments:	There's no arch sense. Looks like Scott misinterpreted "逆らわずに行う", which is sense 1. It refers to usage like 社会の風潮に順行する.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -19,2 +20,2 @@ -<gloss>proceeding in order</gloss> -<gloss>moving forward in order</gloss> +<gloss>moving forward</gloss> +<gloss>going with (e.g. the current of the times)</gloss> @@ -24,0 +26,2 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<xref type="ant" seq="1227030">逆行・2</xref> @@ -28,6 +30,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<misc>&arch;</misc> -<gloss>carrying out something without disobeying one's orders</gloss>
4.	A 2012-06-11 17:54:06 Jean-Luc Leger <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -25,1 +25,2 @@ -<gloss>direct motion (astronomy)</gloss> +<field>&astron;</field> +<gloss>direct motion</gloss>
3.	A 2011-02-20 21:37:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@ +<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf> @@ -16,0 +17,1 @@ +<xref type="ant" seq="1227030">逆行・1</xref> @@ -17,0 +19,2 @@ +<gloss>proceeding in order</gloss> +<gloss>moving forward in order</gloss> @@ -21,2 +25,2 @@ -<xref type="ant" seq="1227030">逆行</xref> -<gloss>carrying out something without disobeying one's orders</gloss> +<gloss>direct motion (astronomy)</gloss> +<gloss>prograde motion</gloss> @@ -27,1 +31,2 @@ -<gloss>prograde motion (astronomy)</gloss> +<misc>&arch;</misc> +<gloss>carrying out something without disobeying one's orders</gloss>
2.	A* 2011-02-20 21:24:11 Scott
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	Forgot this one. I think that splitting is the best option here.
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +25,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>prograde motion (astronomy)</gloss> +</sense>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2011-02-20 21:21:16 Scott
	Refs:	gg5 koj daij
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>じゅんぎょう</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -13,1 +16,8 @@ -<gloss>go in order</gloss> +<gloss>going in order</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<xref type="ant" seq="1227030">逆行</xref> +<xref type="ant" seq="1227030">逆行</xref> +<gloss>carrying out something without disobeying one's orders</gloss>

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jmdict 1384570 Active (id: 2168785)
切り売り [news2,nf36] ；切売り
【きりうり [news2,nf36] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ selling by the piece
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ selling (one's knowledge, talents, etc.) bit by bit ▶ selling a little at a time

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-09 22:50:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 22:52:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>切売り</keb> @@ -19,0 +23,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>selling (one's knowledge, talents, etc.) bit by bit</gloss> +<gloss>selling a little at a time</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:20:29 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (2 senses)
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1387360 Active (id: 2168465)
先回り [news2,nf44]
【さきまわり [news2,nf44] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ going on ahead
▶ forestalling
▶ anticipating
▶ arrival before another

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 11:06:22 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1387790 Active (id: 2168803)
先取り [news1,nf24] ；先どり；先取 [io]
【さきどり [news1,nf24] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ receiving in advance (e.g. wages, interest) ▶ taking before others
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ anticipation ▶ being ahead of (e.g. the times)
3.	[n,vs,vt] {computing} ▶ prefetch
4.	[n,vs,vt] {linguistics} ▶ anticipatory completion (i.e. finishing another's sentence)

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2021-12-10 01:28:24 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2021-12-08 11:00:23 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (does not have our sense 3, 4)
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -29,0 +31 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -35,0 +38 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -41,0 +45 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
5.	A 2021-04-03 10:41:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -43 +43 @@ -<gloss>anticipatory completion (finishing another's sentence)</gloss> +<gloss>anticipatory completion (i.e. finishing another's sentence)</gloss>
4.	A 2021-04-03 00:26:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-04-02 17:18:00 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daijr
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<gloss>receiving in advance</gloss> +<gloss>receiving in advance (e.g. wages, interest)</gloss> @@ -25,0 +26,6 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>anticipation</gloss> +<gloss>being ahead of (e.g. the times)</gloss> @@ -37,2 +43 @@ -<gloss>anticipatory completion</gloss> -<gloss>finishing another person's sentence in anticipation of what likely to be said next</gloss> +<gloss>anticipatory completion (finishing another's sentence)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2011-11-17 08:41:14 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	先取 fails the daij rule and has to be considered [io] here, due to confusion with せんしゅ【先取】
	Diff:	@@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<keb>先取</keb> +<keb>先どり</keb> @@ -13,1 +13,2 @@ -<keb>先どり</keb> +<keb>先取</keb> +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf>
1.	A* 2011-11-16 06:43:01 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	500k+ Google hits
	Comments:	Add spelling 先どり (saw on ad yesterday)
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +11,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>先どり</keb>

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jmdict 1388020 Active (id: 2168458)
先潜り
【さきくぐり】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ forestalling
▶ anticipating

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:58:58 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1388230 Active (id: 2291171)
先渡し；先渡 [io]
【さきわたし】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ payment in advance
2.	[n,vs,vt] {finance} ▶ forward delivery
3.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ delivery (of freight)

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2024-02-06 00:40:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2024-02-05 22:59:41 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	先渡し 42,298 先渡 4,722 先渡取引 3,438
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>先渡</keb> +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf> @@ -14 +18 @@ -<gloss>paying in advance</gloss> +<gloss>payment in advance</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-08 11:07:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -17,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -23,0 +26 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2021-03-01 11:01:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-02-28 18:07:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,12 @@ -<gloss>future delivery</gloss> +<gloss>paying in advance</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<field>&finc;</field> +<gloss>forward delivery</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>delivery (of freight)</gloss>

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jmdict 1388550 Active (id: 2168466)
先物買い
【さきものがい】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ buying futures
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ speculation

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 11:07:16 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk gg5
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -13,0 +15,5 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1391080 Active (id: 2168774)
洗礼 [news1,nf18]
【せんれい [news1,nf18] 】

1.

[n] {Christianity}
▶ baptism
▶ christening

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1329890 受洗【じゅせん】 1. being baptized; undergoing baptism

2.

[n]
▶ initiation (into a society, group, etc.)
▶ baptism

3.

[n]
▶ one's first experience of something
▶ baptism (by fire, etc.)

History:

2.	A 2021-12-09 22:41:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 12:42:55 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr gg5
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16,7 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<field>&Christn;</field> +<gloss>baptism</gloss> +<gloss>christening</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>initiation (into a society, group, etc.)</gloss> @@ -18,0 +25,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>one's first experience of something</gloss> +<gloss>baptism (by fire, etc.)</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1399050 Active (id: 2168642)
叢生；簇生
【そうせい】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ dense growth
▶ thick growth
▶ gregarious growth
▶ growing in clusters

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 22:54:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, meikyo 叢生 19026 簇生 671
	Comments:	Intransitive.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -18 +18,3 @@ -<gloss>healthy growth</gloss> +<gloss>thick growth</gloss> +<gloss>gregarious growth</gloss> +<gloss>growing in clusters</gloss>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:25:09 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 3 senses
	Comments:	簇生 poss rK?
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>簇生</keb> @@ -12,0 +16 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1406480 Active (id: 2168439)
尊称 [spec2,news2,nf47]
【そんしょう [spec2,news2,nf47] 】

1.

[n]
▶ honorific title

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 10:50:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-02 23:24:29 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	I don't think "honorary" is right. It has a different meaning.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>honorary title</gloss> +<gloss>honorific title</gloss>

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jmdict 1437070 Active (id: 2168296)
摘出 [news1,nf13] ；剔出 [rK]
【てきしゅつ [news1,nf13] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ picking out ▶ taking out ▶ (surgical) removal
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ exposure

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 01:08:27 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 摘出 448809 剔出 2481
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>剔出</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -16,0 +21 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -23,0 +29 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2017-08-02 10:26:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	Some refs have a "picking out" sense. I wonder about a merge with 剔出. No reference does.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>exposing</gloss> @@ -20 +19,6 @@ -<gloss>surgical removal</gloss> +<gloss>(surgical) removal</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>exposure</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-08-02 09:58:30 Amen Lernsky <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See comment on "切除".
	Diff:	@@ -20 +20 @@ -<gloss>-ectomy (suf) (surgical removal)</gloss> +<gloss>surgical removal</gloss>

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jmdict 1445640 Active (id: 2276606)
奴 [ichi1,news1,nf20]
【やつ [ichi1,news1,nf20] ；ヤツ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
《derogatory or familiar》
▶ fellow
▶ guy
▶ chap

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1711980 香具師【やし】 2. fellow; guy; chap; he; she; him; her
	⇐ see: 2852740 香具師【やつ】 1. fellow; guy; chap; he; she; him; her

2.

[n] [col,uk]
▶ thing
▶ object

3.

[pn]
《derogatory or familiar》
▶ he
▶ she
▶ him
▶ her

History:

10.	A 2023-09-09 05:48:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2023-09-09 05:21:57 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<re_nokanji/>
8.	A* 2023-09-09 04:41:42 Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	やつは 1595354 ヤツは 648303 やつら 925991 ヤツら 185473
	Comments:	Was reading as government publication on discriminatory vocabulary that wrote it this way. Was surprised a search for "ヤツ" didn't return anything.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ヤツ</reb>
7.	A 2021-12-24 08:08:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's one or the other, and having both tags would be a bit odd.
6.	A* 2021-12-08 01:58:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	isn't tagging these senses [derog][fam] preferable to a note reading "derogatory or familiar"? (and in line with what we usually do?)
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A 2021-09-28 04:21:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-09-27 15:28:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: 人を卑しめていう語。また、目下の者に親愛の意をこめていう語。「なんて―だ」「弟はいい―だ」安いやつ 52344 安い奴 10808
	Comments:	Sense 1 isn't necessarily derogatory. Only sense 3 is a pronoun. Sense 2 is uk. しゃつ is very old and only applies to sense 3. I propose dropping it. If we really want to keep it, I think it would be better as a separate arch entry.
	Diff:	@@ -16,4 +15,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>しゃつ</reb> -<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf> -</r_ele> @@ -21,2 +17 @@ -<stagr>やつ</stagr> -<pos>&pn;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -24 +19 @@ -<misc>&derog;</misc> +<s_inf>derogatory or familiar</s_inf> @@ -30,2 +25 @@ -<stagr>やつ</stagr> -<pos>&pn;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -32,0 +27 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
3.	A 2018-08-26 23:38:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2018-08-25 22:32:02 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -38 +38,2 @@ -<gloss>(derogatory or familiar) he</gloss> +<s_inf>derogatory or familiar</s_inf> +<gloss>he</gloss>
1.	A 2018-05-16 23:06:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update: deletion of adj-noBulk update: deletion of adj-no -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -23 +22,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -33 +31,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -40 +37,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>

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jmdict 1455410 Active (id: 2168284)
禿 [ichi1] ；禿げ [io]
【はげ [ichi1] ；ハゲ (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.	[n] ▶ baldness ▶ bald head
2.	[n] [derog,uk] ▶ bald person ▶ baldy
3.	[n] [derog,uk] ▶ idiot ▶ moron

History:

20.	A 2021-12-08 00:49:16 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ハゲ 1557735
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
19.	A 2021-12-08 00:17:43 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think it's really joc (saw 15 y o on tv scream all kinds of insults to his (non-bald) mom including ハゲ)
	Diff:	@@ -35 +34,0 @@ -<misc>&joc;</misc>
18.	A 2021-02-06 23:06:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
17.	A* 2021-02-06 15:36:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Fair point. I don't think there are any contexts in contemporary Japanese where referring to a bald person as a "はげ" wouldn't be considered derogatory (or at the very least impolite).
	Diff:	@@ -24 +23,0 @@ -<gloss>bald person</gloss> @@ -29,0 +29 @@ +<gloss>bald person</gloss>
16.	A* 2021-02-05 21:59:12 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, etc.
	Comments:	禿げ is [io] for this (= gerund form of 禿げる) it doesn't make sense to me to have "bald person" in one sense and "baldy" in another. they both have the same meaning, just a different nuance. i think they should be together.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 15 older log entries)
15.	A* 2021-02-05 17:04:00 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Maybe joc?
	Diff:	@@ -33,0 +34 @@ +<misc>&joc;</misc>
14.	A 2021-02-04 23:26:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I felt unsure about it too, but looking at the kotonoha link I provided at the time I added it, I feel it's definitely warranted. Also checked with a native informer eho said "もっと幼稚やけどな。（than バカ）” (so possibly chn I suppose)
13.	A 2021-02-04 22:09:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not sure either.
12.	A* 2021-02-03 23:32:17 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Seemed odd to have a derog sense without "baldy" as a gloss. I'm not entirely convinced about the "idiot" sense.
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24,6 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&derog;</misc> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>baldy</gloss>
11.	A 2021-02-03 05:27:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10.	A* 2021-02-03 02:38:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	nikk ② 髪の毛が脱け落ちたあと毛が生えてこず、地肌があらわれている部分。また、そのあとや、そういう状態の人。 koj ②禿頭はげあたま。また、その人。
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>bald person</gloss>
9.	A 2021-02-02 23:38:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2021-02-02 13:17:13 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree. かぶろ and かむろ are archaic and the only overlap is with sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -16,8 +15,0 @@ -<reb>かぶろ</reb> -<re_restr>禿</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>かむろ</reb> -<re_restr>禿</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -31,15 +22,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<stagr>かぶろ</stagr> -<stagr>かむろ</stagr> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>children's hairstyle of short untied hair</gloss> -<gloss>children with short untied hair</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagr>かぶろ</stagr> -<stagr>かむろ</stagr> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="1650420">太夫・3</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1582050">天神・6</xref> -<gloss>young girl working as a servant for a high-class prostitute (Edo period)</gloss>
7.	A* 2021-02-01 19:36:38 Alan Cheng <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this entry would be more useful if はげ and かぶろ・かむろ were split into separate entries like in the kokugos. Happy to do that if the editors think it's a good idea.
6.	A 2012-06-09 00:08:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2012-06-08 10:27:18 Marcus
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ハゲ http://gogen-allguide.com/ha/hage.html http://kotonoha.cc/no/215376　"ハゲてない人については､アホとハゲがほぼ同義語"
	Comments:	Anecodtal, but I remember being called ハゲ once (by a friend, jokingly, though I am not balding)
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +7,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>禿げ</keb> @@ -14,0 +17,1 @@ +<re_restr>禿</re_restr> @@ -17,0 +21,5 @@ +<re_restr>禿</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ハゲ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> @@ -38,0 +47,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&derog;</misc> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>idiot</gloss> +<gloss>moron</gloss> +</sense>
4.	A 2010-11-14 20:46:07 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -34,0 +34,4 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1650420">太夫・3</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1650420">太夫・3</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1582050">天神・6</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1582050">天神・6</xref>
3.	A 2010-11-14 20:33:27 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	temporarily removing x-refs
	Diff:	@@ -31,0 +31,2 @@ +<stagr>かぶろ</stagr> +<stagr>かむろ</stagr> @@ -32,5 +34,1 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1650420">太夫</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1650420">太夫</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1582050">天神</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1582050">天神</xref> -<gloss>young girl working as a servant for a high class prostitute (Edo period)</gloss> +<gloss>young girl working as a servant for a high-class prostitute (Edo period)</gloss>
2.	A* 2010-11-14 18:04:25 Scott
	Refs:	koj daij
	Diff:	@@ -30,0 +30,9 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1650420">太夫</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1650420">太夫</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1650420">太夫</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1582050">天神</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1582050">天神</xref> +<gloss>young girl working as a servant for a high class prostitute (Edo period)</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A* 2010-11-14 10:37:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ルミナス和英辞典, Koj, Daijirin
	Comments:	Merging in Scott's submission.
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,6 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>かぶろ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>かむろ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -15,0 +21,8 @@ +<gloss>bald head</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>かぶろ</stagr> +<stagr>かむろ</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>children's hairstyle of short untied hair</gloss> +<gloss>children with short untied hair</gloss>

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jmdict 1464700 Active (id: 2168459)
日本人 [news1,nf01]
【にほんじん [news1,nf01] ；にっぽんじん】

1.

[n]
▶ Japanese person

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 11:00:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-06 16:51:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	We don't usually include the plural form on nationality entries.
	Diff:	@@ -20 +19,0 @@ -<gloss>Japanese people</gloss>

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jmdict 1469550 Active (id: 2208398)
捻出；拈出 [rK] ；ねん出 [sK]
【ねんしゅつ】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ managing (to raise funds, find time, etc.) ▶ contriving ▶ scraping together (money)
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ working out (a plan, solution, etc.) ▶ thinking out ▶ devising ▶ contriving

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2022-09-12 05:52:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-09-12 04:21:36 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 捻出　　　 │ 234,964 │ 96.4% │ │ ねん出　　 │ 4,033 │ 1.7% │ 🡠 sK (捻 is jōyō) │ 拈出　　　 │ 91 │ 0.0% │ │ ねんしゅつ │ 4,623 │ 1.9% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8,2 @@ -<keb>ねん出</keb> +<keb>拈出</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -11,2 +12,2 @@ -<keb>拈出</keb> -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<keb>ねん出</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5.	A 2021-12-08 23:58:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-12-08 23:03:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21,3 @@ -<gloss>contriving (to raise funds, to find time, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>managing (to raise funds, find time, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>contriving</gloss> +<gloss>scraping together (money)</gloss> @@ -27 +29,4 @@ -<gloss>working out (a solution)</gloss> +<gloss>working out (a plan, solution, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>thinking out</gloss> +<gloss>devising</gloss> +<gloss>contriving</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-07 09:48:11 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -23,0 +26 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2017-02-07 04:53:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-02-04 16:22:30 Mark
	Refs:	捻出 9963 ねん出 353 拈出 9
	Comments:	2 senses in daijr/s and prog. Daijs has "やりくりして、金銭・時間などをつくること" as part of the definition, and "時間を捻出して後輩に会う" as an example sentence.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,6 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>ねん出</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>拈出</keb> @@ -13 +19,5 @@ -<gloss>contriving (to raise funds)</gloss> +<gloss>contriving (to raise funds, to find time, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos>

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jmdict 1497210 Active (id: 2168436)
普通株
【ふつうかぶ】

1.

[n] {finance}
▶ common stock
▶ ordinary share
▶ equity share

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 10:49:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-11-29 12:25:46 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_stock
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,4 @@ -<gloss>equities</gloss> +<field>&finc;</field> +<gloss>common stock</gloss> +<gloss>ordinary share</gloss> +<gloss>equity share</gloss>

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jmdict 1510170 Deleted (id: 2168601)
別便で
【べつびんで】

1.

[exp]
▶ by separate post

History:

2.	D 2021-12-08 20:29:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	D* 2021-12-08 09:14:23 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	We already have 別便 as "separate post; ..."

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jmdict 1530550 Active (id: 2168726)
無駄話；むだ話；徒話 [rK]
【むだばなし】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ idle talk
▶ chit-chat
▶ gossip

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-09 10:58:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-12-08 16:53:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, meikyo 無駄話 67405 むだ話 2157 徒話 235
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>徒話</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -15,0 +20,3 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>idle talk</gloss> +<gloss>chit-chat</gloss> @@ -17,2 +23,0 @@ -<gloss>idle talk</gloss> -<gloss>chat</gloss>
2.	A 2012-08-30 07:25:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-08-30 03:54:29 Marcus
	Refs:	46,300 results
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>むだ話</keb>

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jmdict 1549100 Active (id: 2274341)
乱暴 [ichi1,news1,nf18] ；亂暴 [sK]
【らんぼう [ichi1,news1,nf18] 】

1.	[n,adj-na,vs,vi] ▶ violence ▶ assault ▶ rowdiness ▶ wildness ▶ running riot
2.	[adj-na,n] ▶ rough (handling, language, etc.) ▶ reckless ▶ careless ▶ coarse ▶ rude ▶ unreasonable (e.g. demand) ▶ wild (e.g. argument)
3.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ rape ▶ sexual assault

Conjugations

History:

15.	A 2023-08-12 21:29:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I thought it was about the same as coarse and rude.
14.	A* 2023-08-12 20:07:12 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	乱暴 660,230 99.9% 亂暴 754 0.1%
	Comments:	I don't think "crass" is strong enough. The JEs don't have it.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -41 +40,0 @@ -<gloss>crass</gloss>
13.	A 2023-08-11 22:48:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
12.	A* 2023-08-11 14:57:59
	Diff:	@@ -40,0 +41 @@ +<gloss>crass</gloss>
11.	A 2021-12-09 00:52:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Oops. Thanks.
(show/hide 10 older log entries)
10.	A* 2021-12-08 23:20:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, meikyo
	Comments:	Sense 1 is also adj-na. Jim, when you did a find-and-replace on the sentences, it added "[02]" to the {乱暴な} and {乱暴に} parts as well. I've fixed them.
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> @@ -25,0 +27,2 @@ +<gloss>rowdiness</gloss> +<gloss>wildness</gloss> @@ -31 +34 @@ -<gloss>rough (e.g. handling)</gloss> +<gloss>rough (handling, language, etc.)</gloss>
9.	A 2021-12-07 10:58:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Actually almost all the examples are for the adjective sense.
8.	A 2021-12-07 10:52:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	All the examples are for the original leading senses.
	Diff:	@@ -29,7 +28,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<pos>&vi;</pos> -<gloss>rape</gloss> -<gloss>sexual assault</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> @@ -44,0 +38,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>rape</gloss> +<gloss>sexual assault</gloss>
7.	A* 2021-11-20 11:37:23 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Comments:	better to group senses after PoS here?
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -25,0 +27,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>rape</gloss> +<gloss>sexual assault</gloss> @@ -37,6 +44,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<gloss>rape</gloss> -<gloss>sexual assault</gloss>
6.	A 2017-11-04 06:59:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	GG5, etc. have it in the same sense, but then the JEs don't split at all.
5.	A* 2017-11-03 05:40:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog: "女性に乱暴する assault [rape] a woman" https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1 474325959
	Comments:	Could be a part of sense 1
	Diff:	@@ -37,0 +38,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>rape</gloss> +<gloss>sexual assault</gloss> +</sense>
4.	A 2017-08-28 21:54:48 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2017-08-28 19:49:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs, gg5, prog
	Comments:	Splitting.
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,7 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>violence</gloss> +<gloss>assault</gloss> +<gloss>running riot</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> @@ -23 +30,4 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>rough (e.g. handling)</gloss> +<gloss>reckless</gloss> +<gloss>careless</gloss> +<gloss>coarse</gloss> @@ -25,5 +35,2 @@ -<gloss>violent</gloss> -<gloss>rough</gloss> -<gloss>lawless</gloss> -<gloss>unreasonable</gloss> -<gloss>reckless</gloss> +<gloss>unreasonable (e.g. demand)</gloss> +<gloss>wild (e.g. argument)</gloss>
2.	A 2010-09-08 12:48:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-09-08 06:57:26 Scott
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>亂暴</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1550790 Active (id: 2308529)
里帰り [news1,nf16] ；里帰 [sK] ；里がえり [sK]
【さとがえり [news1,nf16] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ returning home to one's parents (orig. of a married person) ▶ visiting one's parents (for a prolonged period of stay)
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ bride's first visit to her parents after getting married
3.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ coming back (of an item; after having been on loan, etc. abroad)
4.	[n,vs,vi] [arch] ▶ temporarily returning to one's home (of a servant)

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2024-08-11 22:54:04 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	里帰り 681777 99.2% 里帰 1610 0.2% さとがえり 1412 0.2% さと帰り 315 0.0% 里がえり 2429 0.4%
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,8 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>里帰</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>里がえり</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2024-08-11 06:32:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think that older stricter nuance should be kept somewhere.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>returning home to one's parents</gloss> +<gloss>returning home to one's parents (orig. of a married person)</gloss>
5.	A* 2024-08-09 14:32:28 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://nlab.itmedia.co.jp/nl/articles/1807/13/news025.html 「里帰り」も現在では本来の意味通りではなく、広く一般に「実家に帰ること」として使われているのも事実。男性が「里帰り」を使っているからといって、わざわざ揚げ足を取るのも野暮なことでしょう。日本語は必ずしも、本来の意味だけが正しいわけではないのです。岩波国語辞典: ③一時的に故郷に帰ること。「夏休みに―した」「広重の浮世絵がボストン美術館から―」
	Comments:	I keep hearing males using it when talking about going home for the お盆休み
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>returning home to one's parents (of a married person)</gloss> +<gloss>returning home to one's parents</gloss>
4.	A 2022-11-30 11:01:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-11-30 10:32:07 Nicolas Maia
	Comments:	Moving arch gloss down.
	Diff:	@@ -31 +31 @@ -<gloss>temporarily returning to one's home (of a servant)</gloss> +<gloss>coming back (of an item; after having been on loan, etc. abroad)</gloss> @@ -37 +37,2 @@ -<gloss>coming back (of an item; after having been on loan, etc. abroad)</gloss> +<misc>&arch;</misc> +<gloss>temporarily returning to one's home (of a servant)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2021-12-10 19:55:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 11:16:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk さと‐がえり【里帰り】─ガヘリ〘名・自サ変〙 ①結婚後、新婦が初めて実家へ帰ること。 ②結婚している人がしばらくの間実家へ帰ること。 ③奉公人が一時生家へ帰ること。 ◆国外に出ていた品物が一時的に戻ってくる意などにも使う。「ボストン美術館の浮世絵が─する
	Diff:	@@ -17,3 +17,21 @@ -<gloss>returning home</gloss> -<gloss>visiting one's parents</gloss> -<gloss>new bride's first visit to parents</gloss> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>returning home to one's parents (of a married person)</gloss> +<gloss>visiting one's parents (for a prolonged period of stay)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>bride's first visit to her parents after getting married</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>temporarily returning to one's home (of a servant)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>coming back (of an item; after having been on loan, etc. abroad)</gloss>

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jmdict 1553740 Active (id: 2168326)
両性的
【りょうせいてき】

1.

[adj-na]
▶ androgynous
▶ isosexual
▶ amphoteric

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 03:53:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	LSD, Reverso, 理化学英和辞典, etc.
	Comments:	I think this is more like it.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>bisexual</gloss> +<gloss>androgynous</gloss> +<gloss>isosexual</gloss> +<gloss>amphoteric</gloss>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 01:52:26 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://hinative.com/ja/questions/12007855 両性的は、男性っぽさも女性っぽさも、両方の要素を持ち合わせていることです。バイセクシュアルは、男性も女性も両方を恋愛対象にできる人のことです。 https://twitter.com/sapphireBassist/status/1386946728746651650 "... 両性的な is "having qualities of the 2 sexes" or "hermaphroditic." " (person who claims to be a native speaker of Japanese)
	Comments:	this seems to be wrong. 両性愛 is in gg5 as "bisexual" and that might be correct but there's no 愛 in here.

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jmdict 1555960 Active (id: 2168414)
累加
【るいか】

1.

[n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ acceleration
▶ progressive increase

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:27:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1556000 Active (id: 2168837)
累進 [news1,nf21]
【るいしん [news1,nf21] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ successive promotion ▶ gradual progression ▶ rising step by step
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ increasing progressively (of income tax, etc.)

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-10 20:14:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-12-10 17:00:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog, daij, gg5
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19,8 @@ -<gloss>gradual promotion</gloss> -<gloss>having graduated</gloss> +<gloss>gradual progression</gloss> +<gloss>rising step by step</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>increasing progressively (of income tax, etc.)</gloss>
2.	A 2021-12-09 22:36:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 10:26:55 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -19 +20 @@ -<gloss>graduated</gloss> +<gloss>having graduated</gloss>

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jmdict 1556120 Active (id: 2168412)
類推 [ichi1,news2,nf37]
【るいすい [ichi1,news2,nf37] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ analogy
2.	[n,vs,vt] {logic} ▶ analogical reasoning ▶ analogical inference
3.	[n,vs,vt] {linguistics} ▶ analogy

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 10:26:15 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -22,0 +25,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<field>&logic;</field> @@ -27,0 +32,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2017-05-20 00:54:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-05-18 17:28:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adjective form is 類推的. Daijr and daijs have the linguistics sense.
	Diff:	@@ -18,2 +17,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -25 +22,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -26,0 +24,6 @@ +<gloss>analogical inference</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&ling;</field> +<gloss>analogy</gloss>

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jmdict 1556130 Active (id: 2168411)
類比
【るいひ】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ analogy
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ comparison

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:24:55 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -14,0 +16,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>comparison</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1556870 Active (id: 2209231)
冷却 [news1,nf08]
【れいきゃく [news1,nf08] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ cooling ▶ refrigeration
2.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ cooling down (of a political conflict, etc.) ▶ calming down

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2022-09-21 00:13:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2022-09-20 08:48:14 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	mk daijr
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22,8 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>cooling down (of a political conflict, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>calming down</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A 2021-12-08 10:24:20 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1557510 Active (id: 2168409)
礼賛 [news2,nf36] ；礼讃
【らいさん [news2,nf36] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ praise
▶ worship
▶ adoration
▶ glorification

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 10:23:56 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	礼賛 109788 礼讃 36905 mk (also has a 2nd Buddh sense)
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2012-02-23 06:12:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-02-23 05:50:13 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	tags, more google hits
	Diff:	@@ -4,3 +4,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>礼讃</keb> -</k_ele> @@ -11,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>礼讃</keb>

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jmdict 1559630 Active (id: 2168406)
連打 [news1,nf08]
【れんだ [news1,nf08] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ repeated blows ▶ striking repeatedly ▶ barrage
2.	[n,vs,vt] {sports} ▶ consecutive hits (e.g. in boxing, baseball)

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 10:21:13 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -24 +25,3 @@ -<gloss>consecutive hits (e.g. boxing, baseball)</gloss> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<field>&sports;</field> +<gloss>consecutive hits (e.g. in boxing, baseball)</gloss>
2.	A 2016-01-18 07:26:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, etc.
	Comments:	GG5 doesn't split senses. Could be merged.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<gloss>repeated blows</gloss> +<gloss>striking repeatedly</gloss> @@ -22,2 +24 @@ -<gloss>hit repeatedly</gloss> -<gloss>mash</gloss> +<gloss>consecutive hits (e.g. boxing, baseball)</gloss>
1.	A* 2016-01-17 22:33:11
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/連打-662196#E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.9E.97.20.E7.AC.AC.E4.B8.89.E7.89.88
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>hit repeatedly</gloss> +<gloss>mash</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1559650 Active (id: 2170056)
連体詞
【れんたいし】

1.

[n] {grammar}
▶ pre-noun adjectival
▶ adnominal adjective

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2733050 連体【れんたい】 1. pre-noun adjectival; adnominal adjective

History:

3.	A 2021-12-18 20:03:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-18 01:51:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	連体詞 is an example of a 連体修飾語 but I don't think the x-ref is needed.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2210620">連体修飾語</xref>
1.	A 2021-12-08 10:20:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<field>&ling;</field> +<field>&gramm;</field>

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jmdict 1559660 Active (id: 2168403)
連帯 [ichi1,news1,nf07]
【れんたい [ichi1,news1,nf07] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ solidarity
2.	[adj-f] ▶ joint ▶ collective

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-08 10:19:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
4.	A 2018-01-15 21:36:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK.
3.	A* 2018-01-15 15:34:27 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	All the "連帯の" examples I'm seeing on Google would be translated as "[something] of solidarity". e.g. 連帯の必要性 - importance of solidarity 連帯の推進 - advancement of solidarity 連帯の誇示 - show of solidarity As for GG5, I think "連帯の" is just a label for the English adjective glosses.
2.	A* 2018-01-15 04:23:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 連帯 1086242 連帯の 59434 GG5: 連帯の joint (and several) 連帯の輪を広げる strengthen the sense of solidarity 《among the workers》. Googling for "連帯の" gets a lot of pages. I saw several that looked like adj-no.
1.	A* 2018-01-06 17:22:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I can't find a single [adj-no] example. When 連帯 is translated as "joint" or "collective", it always appears directly in front of the following noun. (e.g. 連帯責任, not 連帯の責任). Something like "連帯の理念" (principle of solidarity) is different.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +18,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -20,0 +20,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-f;</pos> +<gloss>joint</gloss> @@ -23,4 +25,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>joint</gloss> -</sense>

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jmdict 1559880 Active (id: 2168402)
連用 [news1,nf10]
【れんよう [news1,nf10] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ continuous use
▶ chronic use

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:18:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk gg5
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -17,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>chronic use</gloss>

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jmdict 1560090 Active (id: 2168401)
露営
【ろえい】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ bivouac
▶ encampment

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:17:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -13,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>encampment</gloss>

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jmdict 1560780 Active (id: 2168371)
浪人 [ichi1,news1,nf15] ；牢人 [rK]
【ろうにん [ichi1,news1,nf15] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ ronin
▶ masterless samurai

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1304850 仕官【しかん】 2. finding a new lord or master to serve (of a ronin)

2.

(浪人 only) [n,vs,vi]
▶ high school graduate waiting for another chance to enter university after having failed the yearly entrance examination

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1728050 １浪【いちろう】 1. failing college entrance exams and retaking them a year later
	⇐ see: 2848778 多浪生【たろうせい】 1. aspiring university student who has failed the entrance examinations at least twice
	⇐ see: 2836795 浪【ろう】 1. person who has spent X years after graduating high school attempting to get admitted to (a specific) university
	⇐ see: 2043140 仮面浪人【かめんろうにん】 1. student who is trying to get into their preferred college while already enrolled at another college
	⇐ see: 1560790 浪人生【ろうにんせい】 1. student waiting for another chance to enter university after having failed the yearly entrance examination

3.

(浪人 only) [n]
▶ person out of work
▶ jobless person

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1263890 現役【げんえき】 2. student taking (university) entrance exams while still enrolled in school; student who passed their university entrance exams on the first try

4.

(浪人 only) [n] [arch]
《orig. meaning》
▶ wanderer
▶ drifter

Conjugations

History:

12.	A 2021-12-08 09:18:41 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 浪人 827934 牢人 5101
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -21,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -28,0 +31 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
11.	A 2020-05-12 14:23:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -22 +21,0 @@ -<gloss>rōnin</gloss>
10.	A* 2020-05-12 09:18:58 Opencooper
	Refs:	OED; M-W; Collins; etc.
	Comments:	I don't think we need the romanization with the macron. "Ronin" is in English dictionaries, [0] and it's strange to have both forms. [0]: In fact, it's present in the 1913 edition of Webster's.
9.	A 2018-10-09 18:25:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2018-10-09 15:36:20 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -30 +30 @@ -<gloss>waiting for another chance to enter university after having failed the yearly entrance examination</gloss> +<gloss>high school graduate waiting for another chance to enter university after having failed the yearly entrance examination</gloss>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A 2018-05-22 11:14:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	rōnin/ronin will be messy in EDICT-land because the UTF-8->EUC conversion changes ō to o.
6.	A* 2018-05-21 08:26:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij gg5 daijs: １古代、本籍地を離れ、他国を流浪している者。浮浪人。
	Comments:	I don't think the "wandering" part is necessary in the first sense. Maybe the often wandered about (?) but it's not explicitly mentioned in either daij, gg5 or jawiki, though "wanderer" is the original meaning. _ GG5's definition of the 2nd sense is much more detailed/precise than ours: （学生の） a high-school graduate who failed to enter a college and is waiting for another chance; a student who failed the entrance examination and has been cramming to try again; a would-be but disappointed university entrant. They also gloss it as a "student" rather than the "waiting" said student does. daijr is more general: "進学や就職に失敗し，次の機会を待ってその準備をすること。また，その人。" but then again they don't have a separate sense for "person out of work" like we and GG5 do. _
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24,7 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">wandering samurai without a master to serve</gloss> +<gloss>masterless samurai</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagk>浪人</stagk> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>waiting for another chance to enter university after having failed the yearly entrance examination</gloss> @@ -29,0 +36 @@ +<gloss>jobless person</gloss> @@ -34,2 +41,4 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<gloss>waiting for another chance to enter a university</gloss> +<misc>&arch;</misc> +<s_inf>orig. meaning</s_inf> +<gloss>wanderer</gloss> +<gloss>drifter</gloss>
5.	A* 2018-05-21 08:11:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Do we have a policy on this? In English, "ronin" will obviously be more common than "rōnin".
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>ronin</gloss>
4.	A 2018-04-24 02:27:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2018-04-23 21:25:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	I don't think any of the senses are [adj-no].
	Diff:	@@ -22,3 +22,7 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>ronin</gloss> -<gloss>wandering samurai without a master to serve</gloss> +<gloss>rōnin</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">wandering samurai without a master to serve</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagk>浪人</stagk> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>person out of work</gloss> @@ -30,8 +33,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>out of work</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagk>浪人</stagk> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
2.	A 2013-04-26 21:55:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-04-26 13:46:41 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs nipp　wiki nikk
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>牢人</keb> @@ -24,0 +27,1 @@ +<stagk>浪人</stagk> @@ -30,0 +34,1 @@ +<stagk>浪人</stagk>

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jmdict 1561030 Active (id: 2168809)
老朽 [news1,nf11]
【ろうきゅう [news1,nf11] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ infirmity (due to old age)
▶ decrepitude
▶ senility
▶ senescence
▶ superannuation

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2850580 若朽【じゃっきゅう】 1. being young yet unambitious; being young but lacking spirit

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-10 04:36:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-12-08 09:10:18 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>infirmity (due to old age)</gloss> @@ -17,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>senility</gloss>
2.	A 2017-10-14 06:47:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Shuffling. To me "superannuation" is mostly associated with pension systems these days.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@ +<gloss>decrepitude</gloss> +<gloss>senescence</gloss> @@ -18 +19,0 @@ -<gloss>decrepitude</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-10-13 19:21:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	Gloss to noun form. Not [adj-no] - always 老朽[noun]/老朽した/老朽化した. (The 老朽の in GG5 is just to mark the English adjective glosses).
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +17 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>superannuated</gloss> +<gloss>superannuation</gloss>

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jmdict 1561730 Active (id: 2168342)
論証 [news2,nf44]
【ろんしょう [news2,nf44] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ proof
▶ certain truth
▶ demonstration
▶ argumentation

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 08:54:38 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2013-01-06 21:55:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	eij
	Diff:	@@ -20,1 +20,1 @@ -<gloss>argument</gloss> +<gloss>argumentation</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-01-03 20:32:49
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +20,1 @@ +<gloss>argument</gloss>

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jmdict 1561820 Active (id: 2168947)
論判
【ろんぱん】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ judgement (on whether something is right or wrong) ▶ decision
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ argument ▶ dispute ▶ quarrel

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-12 03:15:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-12-11 23:28:40 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo
	Comments:	The kokugos have two senses.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,7 @@ +<gloss>judgement (on whether something is right or wrong)</gloss> +<gloss>decision</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -15 +22,2 @@ -<gloss>disputation</gloss> +<gloss>dispute</gloss> +<gloss>quarrel</gloss>
2.	A 2021-12-10 04:34:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 08:53:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1562030 Active (id: 2284005)
和解 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
【わかい [ichi1,news1,nf03] ；わげ】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ reconciliation ▶ amicable settlement ▶ accommodation ▶ compromise ▶ mediation ▶ rapprochement
2.	(わかい only) [n,vs,vi] {law} ▶ court-mediated settlement
3.	[n,vs,vi] [arch] ▶ translation of a foreign language into Japanese

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2023-11-20 21:56:28 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -23 +22,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -36 +34,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -44 +41,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
6.	A 2021-12-08 01:12:41 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	done w わ of the meikyo multi-sense vt/vi list, next word is 論判
5.	A 2021-12-08 01:11:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -33,0 +35 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -40,0 +43 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
4.	A 2014-11-23 08:20:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2014-11-22 21:52:27 Curtis Naito <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<gloss>settlement</gloss> +<gloss>amicable settlement</gloss> @@ -36 +36 @@ -<gloss>settlement</gloss> +<gloss>court-mediated settlement</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2012-11-20 10:57:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-11-20 10:29:14 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -35,1 +35,2 @@ -<gloss>(legal) settlement</gloss> +<field>&law;</field> +<gloss>settlement</gloss>

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jmdict 1564570 Active (id: 2168295)
剔抉
【てっけつ】

1.	[n,vs,vt] [form] ▶ gouging out
2.	[n,vs,vt] [form] ▶ exposing (a scandal, fraud, etc.)

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 01:07:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2020-11-15 20:50:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2020-11-15 17:37:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13,8 @@ -<gloss>gouging (out)</gloss> -<gloss>exposure</gloss> +<misc>&litf;</misc> +<gloss>gouging out</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<misc>&litf;</misc> +<gloss>exposing (a scandal, fraud, etc.)</gloss>

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jmdict 1565150 Active (id: 2168293)
咀嚼 [news2,nf45]
【そしゃく [news2,nf45] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ chewing ▶ mastication
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ digestion (e.g. of words) ▶ assimilation ▶ comprehension ▶ appreciation

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 01:06:08 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -22,0 +24 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2017-05-14 17:19:46 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-05-14 16:26:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, prog
	Comments:	Not the digestion of food. No need for that lengthy gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -20 +18,0 @@ -<gloss>breaking into bite-sized pieces</gloss> @@ -25,2 +23 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>digestion</gloss> +<gloss>digestion (e.g. of words)</gloss> @@ -27,0 +25,2 @@ +<gloss>comprehension</gloss> +<gloss>appreciation</gloss>

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jmdict 1565620 Active (id: 2168441)
嘸 [rK]
【さぞ [ichi1] 】

1.

[adv] [uk]
▶ surely
▶ certainly
▶ no doubt
▶ must

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2008270 嘸かし【さぞかし】 1. certainly; surely
	⇐ see: 2395630 嘸や【さぞや】 1. surely; certainly

History:

4.	A 2021-12-08 10:50:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-12-02 00:59:05 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	GG5 has "indeed" but I don't think it's a good fit. I don't think the x-refs are needed.
	Diff:	@@ -14,2 +13,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2008270">嘸かし</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2395630">嘸や</xref> @@ -20 +18 @@ -<gloss>indeed</gloss> +<gloss>must</gloss>
2.	A 2021-11-30 14:25:09 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	嘸 1222 さぞ 365548
	Diff:	@@ -6 +6 @@ -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
1.	A 2018-04-23 08:58:36 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	adv glosses
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<gloss>I am sure</gloss> +<gloss>surely</gloss> @@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>indeed</gloss>

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jmdict 1567380 Active (id: 2168867)
拱手
【きょうしゅ；こうしゅ】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ doing nothing (to help) ▶ watching with one's arms folded
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ bowing with one's hands locked together in front of one's chest (form of Chinese salute)

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-11 06:33:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 23:25:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Splitting into senses. Added reading.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>こうしゅ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -14,2 +17,8 @@ -<gloss>folding one's arms</gloss> -<gloss>being idle</gloss> +<gloss>doing nothing (to help)</gloss> +<gloss>watching with one's arms folded</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>bowing with one's hands locked together in front of one's chest (form of Chinese salute)</gloss>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:11:14 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 2 senses
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1567850 Active (id: 2168868)
斟酌；しん酌
【しんしゃく】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ taking into consideration ▶ making allowances (for)
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ reserve ▶ restraint ▶ leniency ▶ mercy

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-11 06:34:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 23:34:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +17,11 @@ -<gloss>consideration (for others)</gloss> -<gloss>(making) allowance</gloss> +<gloss>taking into consideration</gloss> +<gloss>making allowances (for)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>reserve</gloss> +<gloss>restraint</gloss> +<gloss>leniency</gloss> +<gloss>mercy</gloss>
1.	A 2021-12-07 09:47:40 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1581390 Active (id: 2282101)
他言
【たごん；たげん】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ telling others
▶ divulging (a secret)
▶ revealing
▶ disclosing
▶ letting out

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2023-11-04 11:01:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-11-04 02:45:25 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	All the kokugos and JEs that I have prefer たごん over たげん
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>たげん</reb> +<reb>たごん</reb> @@ -11 +11 @@ -<reb>たごん</reb> +<reb>たげん</reb>
3.	A 2021-12-08 23:06:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2021-12-08 22:37:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Diff:	@@ -18,2 +18,4 @@ -<gloss>revealing to others</gloss> -<gloss>letting out a secret</gloss> +<gloss>divulging (a secret)</gloss> +<gloss>revealing</gloss> +<gloss>disclosing</gloss> +<gloss>letting out</gloss>
1.	A 2021-11-18 01:11:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1592730 Active (id: 2241658)
研磨 [spec2,news2,nf32] ；研摩 [rK]
【けんま [spec2,news2,nf32] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ grinding ▶ polishing
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ refining (a skill, knowledge, etc.) ▶ applying oneself (to study) ▶ disciplining oneself

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2023-05-25 06:06:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2023-05-25 05:03:18 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 研磨　 │ 786,653 │ 98.3% │ │ 研摩　 │ 13,545 │ 1.7% │ - rK (kokugos) │ けんま │ 6,236 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
7.	A 2022-01-14 03:57:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-01-09 21:12:45 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Diff:	@@ -30,2 +30,3 @@ -<gloss>refining (skill, knowledge, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>striving to master something</gloss> +<gloss>refining (a skill, knowledge, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>applying oneself (to study)</gloss> +<gloss>disciplining oneself</gloss>
5.	A 2021-12-08 01:04:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -27,0 +29 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A 2017-03-20 16:18:15 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -28 +28 @@ -<gloss>refining (skill, knowledge)</gloss> +<gloss>refining (skill, knowledge, etc.)</gloss>
3.	A* 2017-03-19 13:21:04 Robin Scott
	Refs:	daijr/s
	Comments:	Not [adj-no]. (研磨したダイヤモンド rather than 研磨のダイヤモンド).
	Diff:	@@ -22 +21,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -29,2 +28 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>studying (hard)</gloss> +<gloss>refining (skill, knowledge)</gloss>
2.	A 2016-04-13 20:04:00 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-04-10 10:25:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Koj, Daijr (both have 研摩, Daijr splits senses.)
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf> @@ -26 +25,7 @@ -<gloss>studying</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>studying (hard)</gloss> +<gloss>striving to master something</gloss>

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jmdict 1593470 Active (id: 2168394)
衣替え [news1,nf14] ；更衣；衣更え [rK]
【ころもがえ [news1,nf14] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
《reading is gikun for 更衣》
▶ seasonal change of clothing
▶ changing one's dress for the season

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1593475 更衣【こうい】 1. changing one's clothes

2.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ renovation
▶ facelift
▶ redesign
▶ redecoration
▶ new appearance
▶ fresh look

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2021-12-08 09:40:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 衣替え 446890 更衣 290437 (but more commonly read こうい) 衣更え 7807
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -22,0 +24 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -30,0 +33 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
8.	A 2020-04-09 12:18:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2020-04-08 21:40:00 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	More glosses.
	Diff:	@@ -26 +26 @@ -<gloss>changing (one's) dress for the season</gloss> +<gloss>changing one's dress for the season</gloss> @@ -33 +33,4 @@ -<gloss>changing appearance</gloss> +<gloss>redesign</gloss> +<gloss>redecoration</gloss> +<gloss>new appearance</gloss> +<gloss>fresh look</gloss>
6.	A 2013-02-09 20:50:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2013-02-09 02:29:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I feel it needs some mention, otherwise someone is either going to get confused, or try and suggest weird readings for 更 and 衣. An alternative is to drop 更衣 entirely from this entry, and add ころもがえ to 1593475 (sense 1). They were once the one entry with several restrictions, and were split in 2008 at Scott's suggestion.
	Diff:	@@ -23,1 +23,2 @@ -<s_inf>更衣 is gikun</s_inf> +<xref type="see" seq="1593475">更衣・こうい・1</xref> +<s_inf>reading is gikun for 更衣</s_inf>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2013-02-07 07:37:28 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	also, technically, i think it is ころもがえ (in relation to 更衣) that is the 'gikun', not 更衣 in relation to ころもがえ
3.	A* 2013-02-07 06:25:58 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	there's very many readings/kanji that are gikun, a tag would be nice but isn't a note overdoing it?
2.	A 2012-03-13 07:22:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This is the only way at present.
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +23,1 @@ +<s_inf>更衣 is gikun</s_inf>
1.	A* 2012-03-11 14:37:38 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	更衣 is gikun – any way to mark this? ([gikun] only works for readings, AFAICT, and so we can’t use it if one kanji spelling is irregular, right?) There’s no way to read these characters as ころも-がえ (usual reading is instead こうい). (it’s instead a 漢語 with a similar meaning (“changing clothes” generally, rather than seasonally or the other senses here), and the characters are backwards to boot – change/clothes, rather than clothes/change).

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jmdict 1593680 Active (id: 2168802)
先駆け [news1,nf19] ；魁；先駈け [rK]
【さきがけ [news1,nf19] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ pioneer ▶ leader ▶ taking the initiative ▶ forerunner ▶ harbinger ▶ herald
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ leading an attack ▶ charging ahead of others (towards the enemy)

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-10 01:24:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	先駆けとなった 24293 先駆け的存在 10073 先駆けである 6551 ---- 魁となった 1368 魁的存在 61 魁である 226 ---- 先駈けとなった 447 先駈け的存在 44 先駈けである 41
3.	A 2021-12-08 10:58:27 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 先駆け 856919 先駈け 2891 魁 288174 (seems more common with this reading than I'd have expected, but this number might be from がい+the name)
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10 @@ -<keb>先駈け</keb> +<keb>魁</keb> @@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<keb>魁</keb> +<keb>先駈け</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -22,0 +24 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -32,0 +35 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2017-11-20 03:26:12 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	perhaps an "orig. sense" note on sense 2?
1.	A* 2017-11-13 01:27:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Splitting. Added kanji form.
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>先駈け</keb> @@ -20,2 +22,0 @@ -<gloss>charging ahead of others</gloss> -<gloss>the first to charge</gloss> @@ -22,0 +24,2 @@ +<gloss>leader</gloss> +<gloss>taking the initiative</gloss> @@ -24,0 +28,7 @@ +<gloss>herald</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>leading an attack</gloss> +<gloss>charging ahead of others (towards the enemy)</gloss>

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jmdict 1596770 Active (id: 2168288)
退廃 [ichi1,news2,nf27] ；頽廃
【たいはい [ichi1,news2,nf27] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ (moral) decay
▶ (social) decline
▶ decadence
▶ corruption
▶ degeneration
▶ deterioration

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1679710 廃退【はいたい】 1. (moral) decay; (social) decline; decadence; corruption; degeneration; deterioration

2.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ decline (in prosperity)

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-08 01:03:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -26 +25,0 @@ -<gloss>deterioration</gloss> @@ -28,0 +28 @@ +<gloss>deterioration</gloss>
4.	A 2021-12-06 01:30:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-12-04 23:01:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, meikyo 退廃 135397 頽廃 27170 頽廢 317
	Comments:	The kokugos have two senses. Dropping 頽廢.
	Diff:	@@ -13,4 +12,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>頽廢</keb> -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> -</k_ele> @@ -27,2 +23,2 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>degeneration</gloss> +<gloss>(moral) decay</gloss> +<gloss>(social) decline</gloss> @@ -31 +26,0 @@ -<gloss>laxness</gloss> @@ -32,0 +28,7 @@ +<gloss>degeneration</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>decline (in prosperity)</gloss>
2.	A 2021-12-03 09:47:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (2 s)
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
1.	A 2013-08-21 07:18:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams (317), Nelson
	Comments:	See 2796900.
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>頽廢</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1612310 Active (id: 2168361)
老化 [ichi1,news1,nf15]
【ろうか [ichi1,news1,nf15] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi,adj-no]
▶ ageing
▶ aging
▶ senile deterioration

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 09:11:05 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1614890 Active (id: 2168298)
亢進 [news2,nf39] ；昂進；高進
【こうしん [news2,nf39] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ rising
▶ exacerbated
▶ exasperated
▶ accelerated
▶ aggravated

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2021-12-08 01:10:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk 亢進 160812 昂進 5956 高進 8479
5.	A 2021-11-07 03:06:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo (2 senses)
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
4.	A 2011-11-06 22:08:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2011-11-06 12:37:06 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	More glosses, same essay.
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +24,1 @@ +<gloss>exacerbated</gloss> @@ -26,0 +27,1 @@ +<gloss>aggravated</gloss>
2.	A 2010-08-25 13:11:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2010-08-25 12:39:56 Brandon Kentel
	Refs:	daijs
	Diff:	@@ -5,1 +5,1 @@ -<keb>高進</keb> +<keb>亢進</keb> @@ -11,0 +11,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>高進</keb>

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jmdict 1618080 Active (id: 2168391)
固着
【こちゃく】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ adherence
▶ sticking (to)
▶ fixation

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-12-08 09:36:53 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2018-11-09 03:51:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-11-07 21:26:20 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not adj-no.
	Diff:	@@ -13,3 +13,2 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>adherence to</gloss> -<gloss>sticking fast</gloss> +<gloss>adherence</gloss> +<gloss>sticking (to)</gloss>

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jmdict 1618100 Active (id: 2168765)
呼号
【こごう】

1.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ crying out ▶ proclaiming
2.	[n,vs,vt,vi] ▶ exaggerated claim

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2021-12-09 22:20:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 09:31:40 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -15,0 +18,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>exaggerated claim</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1618700 Active (id: 2168950)
老成
【ろうせい】

1.	[adj-na,n,vs,vi] ▶ mature ▶ experienced
2.	[adj-na,n,vs,vi] ▶ precocious ▶ mature for one's age

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2021-12-12 03:17:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 08:56:50 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo gg5
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -15 +16,9 @@ -<gloss>becoming precocious</gloss> +<gloss>experienced</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>precocious</gloss> +<gloss>mature for one's age</gloss>

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jmdict 1620160 Active (id: 2168419)
在校 [news2,nf26]
【ざいこう [news2,nf26] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ being in school
▶ being a student (of)

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:31:30 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -18 +19 @@ -<gloss>being a student of</gloss> +<gloss>being a student (of)</gloss>

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jmdict 1638420 Active (id: 2168299)
和合 [news2,nf34]
【わごう [news2,nf34] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ harmony
▶ concord
▶ agreement
▶ unity
▶ union

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 01:11:15 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1644150 Active (id: 2168408)
連作 [news1,nf21]
【れんさく [news1,nf21] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ planting a field with the same crop each year ▶ repeated cultivation ▶ monocropping
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ collaborative literary work ▶ story made up by several writers working on it in turn
3.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ series (of novels) ▶ cycle (of poems, songs) ▶ sequence

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-08 10:23:05 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -23,0 +25 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -29,0 +32 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
4.	A 2020-07-10 22:51:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2020-07-10 21:15:29 Opencooper
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocropping
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>monocropping</gloss>
2.	A 2013-08-15 01:03:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr
	Diff:	@@ -30,1 +30,1 @@ -<gloss>cycle (of poems)</gloss> +<gloss>cycle (of poems, songs)</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 00:17:37 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, prog, Luminous, JWN
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +26,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>series (of novels)</gloss> +<gloss>cycle (of poems)</gloss> +<gloss>sequence</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1645150 Active (id: 2168442)
宰領
【さいりょう】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ supervision
▶ superintendence
▶ management
▶ supervisor

Conjugations

History:

1.	A 2021-12-08 10:51:15 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1645180 Active (id: 2168464)
先細り [news2,nf27]
【さきぼそり [news2,nf27] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi,adj-na]
▶ dwindling
▶ declining
▶ diminishing
▶ tapering off

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2852289 先太り【さきぶとり】 1. increasing over time; prospering

2.

[n,vs,vi,adj-na]
▶ tapering (to a point)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2852289 先太り【さきぶとり】 2. flaring; growing thicker

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-08 11:05:52 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -25,0 +27 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
3.	A 2017-03-26 08:37:48 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<gloss>tapering off</gloss> @@ -26 +27 @@ -<gloss>tapering off (to a point)</gloss> +<gloss>tapering (to a point)</gloss>
2.	A 2017-03-26 07:41:50 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18,3 @@ -<gloss>tapering off</gloss> +<gloss>dwindling</gloss> +<gloss>declining</gloss> +<gloss>diminishing</gloss> @@ -24,3 +26 @@ -<gloss>dwindling</gloss> -<gloss>declining</gloss> -<gloss>diminishing</gloss> +<gloss>tapering off (to a point)</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-03-12 23:28:42
	Refs:	daijr/s KM n-grams: 先細りの 336 先細りな 49 先細りし 183
	Comments:	Split into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +17,10 @@ -<gloss>dwindle</gloss> -<gloss>tapering off (away)</gloss> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> +<gloss>tapering off</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> +<gloss>dwindling</gloss> +<gloss>declining</gloss> +<gloss>diminishing</gloss>

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jmdict 1664850 Active (id: 2168654)
懸け橋；掛け橋；かけ橋；架け橋；懸橋；掛橋；梯；桟
【かけはし】

1.	[n] ▶ temporary (suspension) bridge ▶ makeshift bridge
2.	[n] ▶ bridge (between cultures, generations, etc.) ▶ link ▶ go-between ▶ intermediary
3.	[n] ▶ walkway (constructed on a cliff face) ▶ plank path

History:

2.	A 2021-12-08 23:59:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2021-12-08 00:54:45 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij, meikyo
	Comments:	Added sense (not in the JEs but in all the kokugos).
	Diff:	@@ -33,3 +33,2 @@ -<gloss>suspension bridge</gloss> -<gloss>viaduct</gloss> -<gloss>temporary bridge</gloss> +<gloss>temporary (suspension) bridge</gloss> +<gloss>makeshift bridge</gloss> @@ -39 +38,2 @@ -<gloss>mediation</gloss> +<gloss>bridge (between cultures, generations, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>link</gloss> @@ -40,0 +41,6 @@ +<gloss>intermediary</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>walkway (constructed on a cliff face)</gloss> +<gloss>plank path</gloss>

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jmdict 1668290 Active (id: 2220676)
滑降競技
【かっこうきょうぎ】

1.

[n] {skiing}
▶ downhill
▶ downhill race

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1208680 滑降【かっこう】 2. downhill (race)

History:

5.	A 2023-02-02 19:45:57 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<field>&sports;</field> -<gloss>downhill (alpine skiing event)</gloss> +<field>&ski;</field> +<gloss>downhill</gloss>
4.	A 2021-12-08 11:29:49 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&sports;</field>
3.	A* 2021-12-06 12:24:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downhill_(ski_competition)
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>downhill racing (skiing)</gloss> +<gloss>downhill (alpine skiing event)</gloss> +<gloss>downhill race</gloss>
2.	A 2019-01-25 22:34:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2019-01-25 22:00:24 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Might not be obvious to everyone.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>downhill racing</gloss> +<gloss>downhill racing (skiing)</gloss>

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jmdict 1675650 Active (id: 2168869)
空回り [news2,nf42]
【からまわり [news2,nf42] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ racing (of an engine)
▶ idling
▶ spinning (without grabbing; of wheels)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1245920 空転【くうてん】 1. racing (of an engine); idling

2.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ going round in circles (of an argument, discussion, etc.)
▶ going nowhere
▶ being fruitless

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-11 06:35:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-12-08 21:58:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>spinning one's wheels</gloss> -<gloss>running idle</gloss> +<gloss>idling</gloss> +<gloss>spinning (without grabbing; of wheels)</gloss> @@ -26 +26 @@ -<gloss>fruitless effort</gloss> +<gloss>going round in circles (of an argument, discussion, etc.)</gloss> @@ -28 +28 @@ -<gloss>going round in circles</gloss> +<gloss>being fruitless</gloss>
3.	A 2021-12-04 23:59:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -23,0 +25 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2017-03-26 18:59:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-03-22 21:38:13 Robin Scott
	Refs:	daijr/s, prog, 中辞典
	Comments:	Split into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,5 @@ +<gloss>running idle</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -19,0 +25,2 @@ +<gloss>going nowhere</gloss> +<gloss>going round in circles</gloss>

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jmdict 1678790 Active (id: 2168365)
後送
【こうそう】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ sending to the rear (esp. a soldier) ▶ evacuation from the front
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ sending later

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-08 09:14:54 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
3.	A 2019-09-09 15:51:12 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>

4.	A 2021-12-08 09:36:33 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -23,0 +26,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -26 +29,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos>
3.	A 2017-08-01 02:30:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2017-07-31 22:26:55 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5, prog
	Comments:	Splitting.
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@ +<reb>ゴタゴタ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -7,3 +9,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>ゴタゴタ</reb> -</r_ele> @@ -11,2 +10,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> -<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -14,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> @@ -17,0 +17,11 @@ +<gloss>dispute</gloss> +<gloss>quarrel</gloss> +<gloss>discord</gloss> +<gloss>dissension</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> @@ -19 +28,0 @@ -<gloss>complication</gloss> @@ -21,2 +29,0 @@ -<gloss>mix-up</gloss> -<gloss>imbroglio</gloss> @@ -23,0 +31 @@ +<gloss>muddle</gloss>
1.	A 2012-10-14 05:41:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merging 2751210.
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ゴタゴタ</reb> @@ -14,0 +17,1 @@ +<gloss>difficulties</gloss> @@ -15,0 +19,5 @@ +<gloss>complication</gloss> +<gloss>disorder</gloss> +<gloss>mix-up</gloss> +<gloss>imbroglio</gloss> +<gloss>mess</gloss>

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