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jmdict 1002590 Active (id: 2285567)
お父さん [ichi1,news1,nf07] 御父さん [sK]
おとうさん [ichi1,news1,nf07] おとっさん [ok]
1. [n] [hon]
▶ father
▶ dad
▶ papa
▶ pa
▶ pop
▶ daddy
▶ dada
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1610490 父さん 1. father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy; dada
  ⇐ see: 2845171 お父ん【おとん】 1. dad; daddy; papa; father
  ⇐ see: 2826772 お父ちゃん【おとうちゃん】 1. dad; dada; daddy; pa; papa; pappa; pop
  ⇐ see: 2709500 お父【おとう】 1. daddy; father; husband
  ⇐ see: 2122780 お父様【おとうさま】 1. father
2. [n] [hon]
▶ husband
3. [pn] [fam]
▶ you (of an elderly person older than the speaker)
▶ he
▶ him



History:
12. A 2023-12-12 05:55:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Done.
11. A* 2023-12-11 05:16:16  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
お母さん should have a corresponding sense
  Diff:
@@ -43,3 +43,2 @@
-<misc>&col;</misc>
-<s_inf>of person older than speaker</s_inf>
-<gloss>you</gloss>
+<misc>&fam;</misc>
+<gloss>you (of an elderly person older than the speaker)</gloss>
10. A 2023-10-01 12:14:04  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
9. A 2020-05-04 11:47:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I feel that's just an example of usage rather than a meaning worth picking out.
  Diff:
@@ -47 +46,0 @@
-<gloss>properietor (esp. of a smaller informal establishment such as a cafe or minshuku)</gloss>
8. A* 2020-04-25 02:50:17 
  Diff:
@@ -43 +43,2 @@
-<gloss>you (of person older than speaker)</gloss>
+<s_inf>of person older than speaker</s_inf>
+<gloss>you</gloss>
@@ -45,0 +47 @@
+<gloss>properietor (esp. of a smaller informal establishment such as a cafe or minshuku)</gloss>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)

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jmdict 1090660 Active (id: 2274878)

ナポレオン [gai1]
1. [n] [person]
▶ Napoleon
2. [n] {card games}
▶ napoleon (Japanese trick-taking game)



History:
8. A 2023-08-17 11:13:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ナポレオン	484449	100.0%
奈破崙	34	0.0%
那波列翁	64	0.0%
  Comments:
The ateji versions are in the names dictionary. I think that's enough.
  Diff:
@@ -4,4 +3,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>那波列翁</keb>
-<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
7. A* 2023-08-17 10:41:00 
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,4 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>那波列翁</keb>
+<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
6. A 2022-07-24 05:56:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I really don't mind the names of games being tagged.
5. A* 2022-07-24 02:02:35  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I've already asked this on GitHub but I'll repeat it here. Do we want to use the [cards] tag for names of card games considering that we don't use [sports] for names of sports?
I don't really mind either way but if we do tag them, I don't think the parenthesised part should be left simply as "game", "Japanese game", etc. I think it looks odd without "card" or some other descriptor that indicates it's a card game.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<gloss>napoleon (Japanese game)</gloss>
+<gloss>napoleon (Japanese trick-taking game)</gloss>
4. A 2022-07-22 05:43:23  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15,2 @@
-<gloss>napoleon (Japanese card game)</gloss>
+<field>&cards;</field>
+<gloss>napoleon (Japanese game)</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 1099910 Active (id: 2067833)

バルセロナ [gai1]
1. [n] [place]
▶ Barcelona (Spain)



History:
7. A 2020-05-07 00:45:46  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes, it's a judgement call.  Barcelona in Venezuela definitely wouldn't make the cut though.  The cities included in the main dictionary tend to be a very small subset of the ones that make it into English or Japanese dictionaries, and Barcelona, Venezuela is in none of mine.
6. A* 2020-05-02 23:23:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Re "and other significant cities", it's quite impossible to have a precise definition. I'd prefer we just monitor what's suggested. For example of French cities if someone were to propose entries for Marseilles or Lyon I wouldn't object, but probably Montpellier isn't quite significant enough. In Spain probably Valencia and Seville would be OK, but probably not Granada. It's a question of balance.
5. A* 2020-04-24 14:59:03  Guillem Palau-Salvà
  Comments:
Let me explicitly state my doubts so I avoid making unnecessary submissions in the future wasting editor’s valuable time.

•  other countries and their capital cities and other significant cities 
•  major geographical features (continents, oceans, major seas, lakes, mountain ranges, etc.) 

What would be the threshold so one can objectively categorize a city as being significant enough or not (make the cut)? and geographical features to be considered major? I do think that should be on English or Japanese speaker perspective.

So in other words, there are cities relevant enough which are not capitals. What is the threshold to consider a city significant hence worth including an entry for it. Barcelona is the capital of Catalonia which is a region in Spain, but is not a country’s capital, that is 2830535 Madrid (specified the country on a last year submission).


•  states and provinces of English-speaking countries and their capital cities
Those cases I think do not need to be specified i.e. 1109240 Philadelphia (Pennsylvania, USA) since an English speaker is expected to know that. And those entries could be just tagged as [place].
4. A 2020-04-24 12:08:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes, I meant to add it to the JMnedict version.
3. A* 2020-04-24 08:38:01  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Barcelona (Spain) is in jmdict based it belonging to this category of proper names:
"other countries and their capital cities and other significant cities" (from the editorial policy)
We're pretty strict on what cities to let in outside of capital cities. Barcelona (Venezuela) does not make the cut.
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<gloss>Barcelona (Spain, Venezuela)</gloss>
+<gloss>Barcelona (Spain)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1124760 Active (id: 2066027)

ポーラータイポーラー・タイ
1. [n]
▶ bolo tie
▶ bola tie
▶ shoestring necktie



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 01:08:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
There is a "polar tie" but ポーラータイseems only to mean a bolo/bola/whatever tie.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<gloss>polar tie</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-23 16:02:12  Guillem Palau-Salvà
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolo_tie
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ポーラー・タイ
https://kotobank.jp/word/ポーラータイ-629162
  Comments:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
ポーラータイ	No matches
ポーラー・タイ	No matches
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ポーラー・タイ</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -9,0 +13,3 @@
+<gloss>bolo tie</gloss>
+<gloss>bola tie</gloss>
+<gloss>shoestring necktie</gloss>

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jmdict 1260200 Active (id: 2066118)
謙称
けんしょう
1. [n]
▶ self-deprecating term
▶ humble way of referring to oneself, one's abilities, one's possessions, etc.



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 22:48:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-24 22:23:00  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daij
  Comments:
Not vs.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
-<gloss>refer to modestly</gloss>
+<gloss>self-deprecating term</gloss>
+<gloss>humble way of referring to oneself, one's abilities, one's possessions, etc.</gloss>

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jmdict 1270910 Active (id: 2115450)
[ichi1,news1,nf19]
[ichi1,news1,nf19]
1. [n,n-suf,ctr]
▶ word
2. [n,n-suf]
▶ language
3. [n]
▶ speech



History:
13. A 2021-07-12 07:37:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Almost all the 98 sentences are for the "word" sense. I've fixed the indices.
12. A* 2021-07-12 00:13:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
  Comments:
I think the "word" sense should lead.
All the JEs have "speech". It's a separate sense in daijs.
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19,6 @@
+<pos>&ctr;</pos>
+<gloss>word</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
@@ -23,3 +29 @@
-<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
-<pos>&ctr;</pos>
-<gloss>word</gloss>
+<gloss>speech</gloss>
11. A 2020-04-24 01:11:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No. When it's both a n/n-suf and a ctr we omit the "counter for".
  Diff:
@@ -25 +25 @@
-<gloss>counter for words</gloss>
+<gloss>word</gloss>
10. A* 2020-04-23 12:32:26  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
Isn't this the usual format?
  Diff:
@@ -25 +25 @@
-<gloss>word</gloss>
+<gloss>counter for words</gloss>
9. A* 2020-04-20 23:41:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Reopen.
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 1274850 Active (id: 2066327)
公明 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
こうめい [ichi1,news1,nf03]
1. [n,adj-na]
▶ fairness
▶ openness
▶ impartiality
2. [n] [abbr]
▶ Komeito (Japanese political party)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1628770 公明党 1. Komeito (Japanese political party)



History:
5. A 2020-04-26 21:04:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2020-04-26 20:08:53  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, 中辞典
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -18 +18,0 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -20 +20,2 @@
-<gloss>justice</gloss>
+<gloss>openness</gloss>
+<gloss>impartiality</gloss>
@@ -24 +25 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1628770">公明党・こうめいとう</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1628770">公明党</xref>
3. A 2020-04-24 20:45:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning
  Diff:
@@ -26,3 +26 @@
-<gloss>New Komeito (Japanese political party)</gloss>
-<gloss>New Clean Government Party</gloss>
-<gloss>Justice Party</gloss>
+<gloss>Komeito (Japanese political party)</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-23 05:11:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -23,0 +24 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1628770">公明党・こうめいとう</xref>
1. A* 2020-04-23 04:59:15  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://twitter.com/product1954/status/1250594439602401280
etc
  Diff:
@@ -21,0 +22,7 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
+<gloss>New Komeito (Japanese political party)</gloss>
+<gloss>New Clean Government Party</gloss>
+<gloss>Justice Party</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1274860 Active (id: 2066117)
公明正大 [news2,nf41]
こうめいせいだい [news2,nf41]
1. [adj-na,n] [yoji]
▶ fair
▶ just and upright
▶ open and honest
▶ aboveboard
▶ honourable



History:
3. A 2020-04-24 22:47:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2020-04-24 21:30:45  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog
  Diff:
@@ -18 +18 @@
-<gloss>fairness</gloss>
+<gloss>fair</gloss>
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>open and honest</gloss>
@@ -20,0 +22 @@
+<gloss>honourable</gloss>
1. A 2014-08-25 01:37:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Kanji Haitani list
  Comments:
Adding yoji tagAdding yoji tag
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<misc>&yoji;</misc>

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jmdict 1365380 Active (id: 2066867)
親睦会親ぼく会
しんぼくかい
1. [n]
▶ informal social gathering
▶ convivial meeting
▶ get-together



History:
7. A 2020-04-30 10:31:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Sorry but I really don't think it's opaque. It has one meaning and can be added to all sorts of things. If we had an entry for everything it could be added to there'd be thousands.
6. A* 2020-04-25 02:53:07 
  Comments:
i.e. it's standard use of 費, yes, but it's very opaque for a foreigner and it's the kind of term that might need help to understand
5. A* 2020-04-25 02:46:31 
  Refs:
https://lmedia.jp/2019/05/27/90237/
https://www.e-aidem.com/clp/part/sirason/entry/2017/10/06/151042
https://www.kanazawagoudoulaw.com/tokuda_blog/201808316434.html
  Comments:
I think it could be helpful to have an entry 親睦会費 because a foreigner worjing in Japan might wonder what it is
4. A* 2020-04-25 01:00:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
親睦会費	1682
親睦会	203489
費: (ひ) (n-suf) cost; expense
  Comments:
Sounds like the employer was docking income to pay for social gatherings. It's really just a standard use of 費 as a suffix. I don't think this entry is lacking, and it certainly doesn't seem to justify an entry for 親睦会費 itself. Anyone want to propose one?
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16,2 @@
+<gloss>convivial meeting</gloss>
+<gloss>get-together</gloss>
3. A* 2020-04-24 15:09:35 
  Refs:
there's sth called 
親睦会費 and deducted on payrolls
this entry isn't very helpful
for understanding that
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1390830 Active (id: 2066170)
浅学
せんがく
1. [n,adj-no]
《oft. self-deprecating》
▶ shallow knowledge
▶ superficial learning



History:
2. A 2020-04-25 10:47:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-24 22:17:47  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, gg5
  Diff:
@@ -11 +10,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
@@ -13,2 +12,4 @@
-<gloss>superficial knowledge</gloss>
-<gloss>superficiality</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<s_inf>oft. self-deprecating</s_inf>
+<gloss>shallow knowledge</gloss>
+<gloss>superficial learning</gloss>

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jmdict 1414110 Active (id: 2075274)
大小 [ichi1,news1,nf12]
だいしょう [ichi1,news1,nf12]
1. [n]
▶ size
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1655400 対語【ついご】 1. kanji compound formed of opposing elements
2. [n,adj-no]
▶ large and small (sizes)
▶ various sizes
3. [n]
▶ daishō (matched pair of long and short swords)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2649170 大小前【だいしょうまえ】 1. upstage center (in a noh play)
4. [n]
▶ large and small drums
5. [n]
▶ long months and short months
6. [n]
▶ sic bo (Macao dice game)
▶ tai sai
▶ dai siu
▶ big and small



History:
11. A 2020-07-17 05:50:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Macao is the preferred English name (Macau is Portuguese.)
  Diff:
@@ -40 +40 @@
-<gloss>sic bo (Macau dice game)</gloss>
+<gloss>sic bo (Macao dice game)</gloss>
10. A 2020-04-26 11:13:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9. A* 2020-04-24 09:20:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog
"大小を計って見る  see how large a thing is"
"企業規模の大小 the size of an enterprise"
"大小の島々 islands of various [all] sizes"
"大小取り交ぜて including small as well as large ones"
  Comments:
It often translates simply to "size". I think it's probably clearer if we split that sense into two. Affects one indexed sentence.
  Diff:
@@ -18,3 +18 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>sizes (various)</gloss>
-<gloss>large and small</gloss>
+<gloss>size</gloss>
@@ -24,0 +23,5 @@
+<gloss>large and small (sizes)</gloss>
+<gloss>various sizes</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -29 +31,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -34 +35,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
8. A 2020-04-22 06:43:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2020-04-22 05:49:09  Opencooper
  Diff:
@@ -25 +25 @@
-<gloss>daisho (matched pair of long and short swords)</gloss>
+<gloss>daishō (matched pair of long and short swords)</gloss>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 1478550 Active (id: 2066054)
判子 [ateji/ichi1]
はんこ [ichi1] ハンコ (nokanji)
1. [n] [uk]
▶ seal (used in lieu of a signature)
▶ stamp
▶ chop
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1168120 印鑑 1. stamp; seal



History:
7. A 2020-04-24 06:05:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't like it much, but it's what some people say.
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23 @@
+<gloss>chop</gloss>
6. A* 2020-04-24 05:10:48  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
also called "chop" in HK and Singapore English (might be worth including)
  Diff:
@@ -21,0 +22 @@
+<gloss>stamp</gloss>
5. A 2019-03-13 00:59:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
"sign" is ambiguous.
  Diff:
@@ -21 +21 @@
-<gloss>seal (used in lieu of a sign)</gloss>
+<gloss>seal (used in lieu of a signature)</gloss>
4. A* 2019-03-12 18:56:43  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs: 《「はんこう(版行)」の音変化。「判子」は当て字》
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
@@ -20 +21 @@
-<gloss>seal (used for signature)</gloss>
+<gloss>seal (used in lieu of a sign)</gloss>
3. A 2018-04-28 00:04:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Correct.
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1490790 Active (id: 2066056)
貧苦
ひんく
1. [n]
▶ hardships of poverty
▶ serious poverty



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 06:08:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-24 05:14:21  Opencooper
  Refs:
GG5; daijr
  Comments:
There can be many kinds of hardships, while this term refers specifically to poverty.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>hardship</gloss>
+<gloss>hardships of poverty</gloss>

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jmdict 1516790 Active (id: 2163562)
放逐 [spec2,news2,nf44]
ほうちく [spec2,news2,nf44]
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ expulsion
▶ ousting
▶ ejection
▶ dismissal
▶ banishment

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2021-11-18 01:17:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
2. A 2020-04-24 20:53:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-24 14:20:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog
  Comments:
Not adj-no.
  Diff:
@@ -19 +18,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -20,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>ousting</gloss>
@@ -23 +23 @@
-<gloss>ostracism</gloss>
+<gloss>banishment</gloss>

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jmdict 1555700 Active (id: 2066029)

りん
1. [ctr]
▶ counter for wheels and flowers



History:
4. A 2020-04-24 01:13:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK. Dropping it.
  Diff:
@@ -14,5 +13,0 @@
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2801700">チャクラ</xref>
-<gloss>chakra</gloss>
-</sense>
3. A* 2020-04-23 02:19:01  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
the 輪 is used throughout that wikipedia page, but always as a counter or part of a compound with the exception of one case where it appears in quotation marks

even the digital dictionary of buddhism doesn't define it as chakra, except in the sense that it says 輪=wheel and wheel=chakra in sanskrit

i think this is correct, it's just a matter of whether it's worth recording.  i'm inclined to pass
2. A* 2020-04-23 00:59:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'm having trouble seeing there's a case for adding that sense. None of the kokugos I checked have it (and Koj has 8 senses). Daijr in its チャクラ entry has "輪の意", not 輪とも書く. The "輪(りん)と漢訳される" in the Wiki page could be referring to how it was marked up in kanbun. I think I'd need to see more solid evidence.
1. A* 2020-04-22 22:48:24  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/チャクラ
https://duckduckgo.com/?t=ffab&q=七輪&iax=images&ia=images
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2801700">チャクラ</xref>
+<gloss>chakra</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1557410 Active (id: 2161050)
励行厲行
れいこう
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ strict observance (of rules, regulations, etc.)
▶ strict adherence
▶ conscientious practice (of good habits, etc.)
▶ diligent execution (e.g. of duties)
▶ sticking to (e.g. a routine)

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2021-11-18 00:50:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
2. A 2020-04-24 01:14:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 20:35:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, koj, gg5, prog
  Comments:
Added kanji form and glosses.
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>厲行</keb>
@@ -13,2 +16,5 @@
-<gloss>strict enforcement</gloss>
-<gloss>carry out (regulations)</gloss>
+<gloss>strict observance (of rules, regulations, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>strict adherence</gloss>
+<gloss>conscientious practice (of good habits, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>diligent execution (e.g. of duties)</gloss>
+<gloss>sticking to (e.g. a routine)</gloss>

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jmdict 1568720 Active (id: 2066277)
涅槃
ねはん
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ nirvana
▶ supreme enlightenment
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2464530 ニルヴァーナ 1. nirvana
  ⇐ see: 2844298 泥洹【ないおん】 1. nirvana
2. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ death
▶ death of Buddha



History:
7. A 2020-04-26 10:55:54  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The kokugos don't say it's ateji. I don't think we should either.
6. A* 2020-04-25 21:59:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Daijr says it's a transcription of the Sanskrit term, but since that happened in the Chinese 
original, I don't think we'd usually tag it as ateji. Anyone want to mark it?
5. A* 2020-04-24 22:10:25  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/涅槃#Chinese
  Comments:
Wiktionary says the kanji are ateji in Chinese. Should it also be tagged as ateji in this entry?
4. A 2020-04-24 12:10:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-24 07:25:12  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
Not the band, doesn't need caps
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>Nirvana</gloss>
+<gloss>nirvana</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1586850 Active (id: 2222094)
或いは [ichi1] 或るいは [sK]
あるいは [ichi1]
1. [conj] [uk]
▶ or
▶ either ... or
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2835707 或は【あるは】 2. or; either ... or
2. [adv] [uk]
▶ maybe
▶ perhaps
▶ possibly
3. [adv] [uk]
《as あるいは...あるいは...》
▶ some ... and others ...
▶ sometimes ... and at other times ...
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2835707 或は【あるは】 1. some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...



History:
8. A 2023-02-17 07:16:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2023-02-17 06:04:11  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬────────────┬───────╮
│ 或いは  │  1,366,524 │  7.6% │
│ 或るいは │      2,645 │  0.0% │ - io to sK
│ あるいは │ 16,694,308 │ 92.4% │
╰─ーーーー─┴────────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6. A 2020-04-24 01:15:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2020-04-23 23:01:46  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
  Comments:
I think this is clearer for sense 3.
  Diff:
@@ -32,2 +32,3 @@
-<gloss>sometimes</gloss>
-<gloss>some</gloss>
+<s_inf>as あるいは...あるいは...</s_inf>
+<gloss>some ... and others ...</gloss>
+<gloss>sometimes ... and at other times ...</gloss>
4. A 2018-05-23 01:57:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 1591100 Active (id: 2068018)
効く [ichi1] 利く [ichi1]
きく [ichi1]
1. [v5k,vi]
《usu. 効く》
▶ to be effective
▶ to take effect
▶ to be good (for)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2211060 薬が効く 1. to have medicine be effective
2. [v5k,vi]
《usu. 利く for body senses, functions, etc.》
▶ to work
▶ to function well
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1911780 目が利く 1. to have an eye for
3. [v5k,vi]
▶ to be possible (to do, use, etc.)
▶ to be able to
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2211050 割引が効く 1. to be able to get a (type of) discount
  ⇐ see: 2773310 自由がきかない【じゆうがきかない】 1. restricted; confined; unfree
4. [v5k,vt]
▶ to taste (alcohol)
▶ to try
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1591110 聞く 8. to taste (alcohol); to try

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2020-05-08 05:51:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I've extended the note to reflect that. Almost all the examples one sees for that sense are fo body things.
  Diff:
@@ -29 +29 @@
-<s_inf>usu. 利く</s_inf>
+<s_inf>usu. 利く for body senses, functions, etc.</s_inf>
4. A* 2020-04-24 17:31:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
目が利く	        2493
目が効いた	132
鼻が利く	        8223
鼻が効く	        1189
ブレーキが利かない	3585
ブレーキが効かない	6142
酸味の利いた	8846
酸味の効いた	15352
パンチの利いた	2424
パンチの効いた	53001
  Comments:
効く actually appears to be more common for sense 2 except when it's referring to senses of the body.
3. A* 2020-04-23 12:08:33  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc. (uses 効く in examples for sense 1 and 利く for sense 2.
  Comments:
Also see comments on  2829405.
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<s_inf>usu. 効く</s_inf>
@@ -27,0 +29 @@
+<s_inf>usu. 利く</s_inf>
2. A 2020-03-08 02:10:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-03-07 23:56:28  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, gg5
  Diff:
@@ -21 +21,2 @@
-<gloss>to show effect</gloss>
+<gloss>to take effect</gloss>
+<gloss>to be good (for)</gloss>
@@ -27,2 +28,2 @@
-<gloss>to do its work</gloss>
-<gloss>to carry out its function well</gloss>
+<gloss>to work</gloss>
+<gloss>to function well</gloss>
@@ -34 +35,9 @@
-<gloss>to be possible to use</gloss>
+<gloss>to be possible (to do, use, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to be able to</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5k;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1591110">聞く・8</xref>
+<gloss>to taste (alcohol)</gloss>
+<gloss>to try</gloss>

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jmdict 1606150 Active (id: 2213845)
世論 [ichi1,news1,nf02] 輿論 [rK]
よろん [ichi1,news1,nf02] せろん (世論) [ichi1] せいろん (世論)
1. [n]
▶ public opinion
▶ popular voice
▶ public sentiment
▶ consensus



History:
13. A 2022-11-17 10:55:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
せろん is in the Ichiman list (along with よろん). GG5, 中辞典, etc. have both, but most JEs point the せろん entry to よろん.
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23 @@
+<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri>
12. A* 2022-11-17 10:20:56  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
せろん is by no means a common reading.
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@
+<re_pri>news1</re_pri>
+<re_pri>nf02</re_pri>
@@ -21,3 +22,0 @@
-<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri>
-<re_pri>news1</re_pri>
-<re_pri>nf02</re_pri>
11. A 2022-11-17 04:33:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2022-11-16 22:22:56  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 世論   │ 1,428,563 │ 99.1% │
│ 輿論   │    13,500 │  0.9% │ 🡠 rK (daijr/s, koj, etc.)
│ よろん  │    11,018 │  N/A  │
│ せろん  │     2,194 │  N/A  │
│ せいろん │     6,473 │  N/A  │
╰─ーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
9. A 2020-04-24 01:23:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Agree.
  Diff:
@@ -12,4 +11,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>與論</keb>
-<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 1628770 Active (id: 2066104)
公明党 [news1,nf02]
こうめいとう [news1,nf02]
1. [n]
▶ Komeito (Japanese political party)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1274850 公明【こうめい】 2. Komeito (Japanese political party)



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 20:43:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
About time.
1. A* 2020-04-24 18:59:39  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/公明党
  Comments:
They dropped the "New" in 2014.
  Diff:
@@ -16,3 +16 @@
-<gloss>New Komeito (Japanese political party)</gloss>
-<gloss>New Clean Government Party</gloss>
-<gloss>Justice Party</gloss>
+<gloss>Komeito (Japanese political party)</gloss>

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jmdict 1667640 Active (id: 2066120)
異材偉材
いざい
1. [n]
▶ extraordinary talent
▶ genius
▶ prodigy
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1157690 異才【いさい】 1. genius; prodigy; (person of) great talent; remarkable person
2. (異材 only) [n]
▶ contaminant
▶ different material



History:
1. A 2020-04-24 23:40:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5 (merges)
偉材	1459
異材	3565
  Comments:
From rejected  2844302.
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>異材</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -11,0 +15 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1157690">異才・いさい</xref>
@@ -13,0 +18,7 @@
+<gloss>prodigy</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<stagk>異材</stagk>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>contaminant</gloss>
+<gloss>different material</gloss>

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jmdict 1916880 Active (id: 2066176)
郎君
ろうくん
1. [n] [hon,obs]
▶ young man
▶ boy
▶ son (of one's master, employer, etc.)
2. [n] [obs]
《usu. as a term of address》
▶ husband
▶ (male) lover
▶ dear
▶ darling



History:
4. A 2020-04-25 11:11:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-25 10:01:21  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr: 年若い男子を敬っていう語。
daijs: 年若く身分の高い男子や主家の息子などを敬っていう語。
  Diff:
@@ -12,3 +12,5 @@
-<misc>&obsc;</misc>
-<gloss>young lord</gloss>
-<gloss>young nobleman</gloss>
+<misc>&hon;</misc>
+<misc>&obs;</misc>
+<gloss>young man</gloss>
+<gloss>boy</gloss>
+<gloss>son (of one's master, employer, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -18,2 +20,2 @@
-<misc>&obsc;</misc>
-<s_inf>usu. addressed by women</s_inf>
+<misc>&obs;</misc>
+<s_inf>usu. as a term of address</s_inf>
@@ -21,0 +24,2 @@
+<gloss>dear</gloss>
+<gloss>darling</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-24 00:50:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr's gloss is rather different.
1. A* 2020-04-23 15:11:32  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/郎君-662556
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16,7 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&obsc;</misc>
+<s_inf>usu. addressed by women</s_inf>
+<gloss>husband</gloss>
+<gloss>(male) lover</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1995090 Active (id: 2066258)
出自 [news2,nf33]
しゅつじ [news2,nf33]
1. [n]
▶ origin
▶ birthplace
2. [n]
▶ descent
▶ lineage
▶ ancestry
▶ stock



History:
2. A 2020-04-26 04:21:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-24 16:06:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs, meikyo, gg5
  Comments:
Sense 3 was added in 2003 with no reference. I can't find anything. Suggesting we drop it.
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>origin</gloss>
@@ -21,6 +22,3 @@
-<gloss>blood-lines</gloss>
-<gloss>origins</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>one's outward self</gloss>
+<gloss>lineage</gloss>
+<gloss>ancestry</gloss>
+<gloss>stock</gloss>

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jmdict 2036780 Active (id: 2066055)

ギンッ
1. [adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ sharply (glare, stare, etc.)
▶ piercingly
▶ stinging
2. [adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ clashing (of swords, etc.)



History:
5. A 2020-04-24 06:07:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I can't either.
4. A* 2020-04-20 00:40:35  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://hinative.com/ja/questions/14420266
http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~WM2K-SZK/erem11.htm
"ギンッ!ガギギンッ!何度かジョルディーとブラントは剣を合わせる"
http://www2.famille.ne.jp/~ache/seraph/txt2-005.html
"ブゥンと風を切り、振り下ろされるその刃の速度は速い。ギンッと金属のぶつかる音が響いた。"
  Comments:
I can't find any evidence for the "sproing" meaning. If anyone else can, feel free to add it back in.
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
@@ -10,2 +10,3 @@
-<gloss>sproing (sound effect)</gloss>
-<gloss>springing up</gloss>
+<gloss>sharply (glare, stare, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>piercingly</gloss>
+<gloss>stinging</gloss>
@@ -16,2 +17 @@
-<gloss>sharply (expression of the eyes)</gloss>
-<gloss>stinging</gloss>
+<gloss>clashing (of swords, etc.)</gloss>
3. A 2020-04-19 00:32:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ギンッ	461
ギンッと	218
  Diff:
@@ -9,2 +9,3 @@
-<gloss>(sound effect) sproing</gloss>
-<gloss>spring up</gloss>
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
+<gloss>sproing (sound effect)</gloss>
+<gloss>springing up</gloss>
@@ -13 +14,4 @@
-<gloss>(on-mim) (expression of the eyes) sharp, stinging</gloss>
+<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
+<gloss>sharply (expression of the eyes)</gloss>
+<gloss>stinging</gloss>
2. A* 2020-04-18 18:46:10  Michael Sué <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://hinative.com/ja/questions/14420266
  Comments:
found it in this meaning in Tobira, p. 159, GTO manga excerpt.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+<sense>
+<gloss>(on-mim) (expression of the eyes) sharp, stinging</gloss>
+</sense>
1. A 2005-05-01 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2137640 Active (id: 2229810)
如何とも
どうとも
1. [adv] [uk]
▶ whatever way
▶ any way
▶ either way
▶ one way or the other



History:
7. A 2023-05-02 09:05:07  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13,3 @@
+<gloss>whatever way</gloss>
+<gloss>any way</gloss>
+<gloss>either way</gloss>
@@ -14 +16,0 @@
-<gloss>either way</gloss>
6. A 2020-04-26 21:39:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2020-04-24 08:40:02  Opencooper
  Refs:
daijs/nikk: [副]
  Comments:
Please also align 「どうとでも」.
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
4. A 2012-08-23 22:04:02  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
separate entry
3. A* 2012-08-17 06:23:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Daijr has いかんとも/如何とも: "(あとに打ち消し表現を伴って)どうにも。". Certainly どうにも is not really the same as どうとも. I think a separate entry is safer.
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2140360 Rejected (id: 2066134)
絶対菜食主義者
ぜったいさいしょくしゅぎしゃ
1. [n]
▶ dietary vegan
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2137660 ヴィーガン 1. vegan

History:
4. R 2020-04-25 00:52:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
See 2838327. A change like this needs a case to be made for it.
3. A* 2020-04-24 22:36:26  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>vegan</gloss>
+<gloss>dietary vegan</gloss>
2. A 2019-02-26 00:27:07  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2137660">ヴィーガン</xref>
1. A 2007-03-28 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2140920 Active (id: 2066188)

くちゃくちゃクチャクチャ
1. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ (eating) noisily
▶ (chewing) with an open mouth
▶ while smacking
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2844295 クチャラー 1. person who smacks loudly when eating; loud eater
2. [adj-na] [on-mim]
▶ crumpled
▶ creased
3. [adj-na] [on-mim]
▶ messy
▶ disorderly
▶ untidy



History:
5. A 2020-04-25 13:13:49  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, meikyo, prog
  Comments:
3 senses in most of the refs.
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21,6 @@
+<gloss>crumpled</gloss>
+<gloss>creased</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
@@ -24,2 +29,0 @@
-<gloss>messed-up</gloss>
-<gloss>crumpled-up</gloss>
4. A 2020-04-25 10:46:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-24 08:44:22  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs
  Comments:
on-mim should really be an entry-wide tag.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13,6 @@
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
+<gloss>(eating) noisily</gloss>
+<gloss>(chewing) with an open mouth</gloss>
+<gloss>while smacking</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
@@ -15,2 +20,0 @@
-<gloss>crunching</gloss>
-<gloss>crumpling</gloss>
@@ -17,0 +22,4 @@
+<gloss>disorderly</gloss>
+<gloss>untidy</gloss>
+<gloss>messed-up</gloss>
+<gloss>crumpled-up</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-24 07:27:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
クチャクチャ	30211
くちゃくちゃ	39502
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>クチャクチャ</reb>
1. A 2007-03-28 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2173630 Active (id: 2180503)

なれど
1. [conj] [form]
▶ but
▶ however
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2853889 けれど 1. but; however; although



History:
4. A 2022-03-05 05:58:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -9,4 +9 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1004200">けれど</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1004200">けれど</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1004200">けれど</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1004200">けれど</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2853889">けれど</xref>
3. A 2020-04-24 04:03:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5
  Comments:
Since it's in fairly modern references I suspect this is more relevant.
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<misc>&arch;</misc>
+<misc>&litf;</misc>
2. A* 2020-04-23 08:15:32  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gakken: 〔文語・文章語〕
not in meikyo or smk
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
1. A 2007-05-30 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2264270 Active (id: 2066045)

ねば
1. [exp]
《after the -nai stem of a verb》
▶ if not ...
▶ unless ...
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2264280 にゃ 1. if not ...; unless ...



History:
6. A 2020-04-24 04:19:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
5. A* 2020-04-23 22:55:37  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think the x-ref or the "negative conditional" part of the note is necessary here.
  Diff:
@@ -9,2 +9 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1632350">ねばならない</xref>
-<s_inf>negative conditional; after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf>
+<s_inf>after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf>
@@ -11,0 +11 @@
+<gloss>unless ...</gloss>
4. A 2020-01-20 21:49:42  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<s_inf>negative conditional; after the nai-stem of a verb</s_inf>
+<s_inf>negative conditional; after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf>
3. A* 2020-01-19 16:30:16 
  Comments:
This expressions usually seems to show up after a nai-stem.
  Diff:
@@ -10,2 +10 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1632350">ねばならない</xref>
-<s_inf>negative conditional</s_inf>
+<s_inf>negative conditional; after the nai-stem of a verb</s_inf>
2. A 2013-05-19 21:55:24  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
-> note
  Diff:
@@ -10,1 +10,2 @@
-<gloss>if not ... (negative conditional)</gloss>
+<s_inf>negative conditional</s_inf>
+<gloss>if not ...</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2611110 Active (id: 2148133)

ビジュアルノベルヴィジュアルノベルビジュアル・ノベルヴィジュアル・ノベル
1. [n] {video games} Source lang: eng(wasei)
▶ visual novel
▶ [expl] interactive fiction video game featuring a text-based story and mostly static graphics
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2830121 ノベルゲーム 1. visual novel; interactive fiction video game featuring a text-based story and mostly static graphics



History:
12. A 2021-09-30 01:30:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11. A* 2021-09-29 22:52:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_novel
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ビジュアルノベル
"単にノベルゲームとも呼ばれる"
ビジュアルノベル	13087
ノベルゲーム	34255
  Comments:
I think we should explain what it is. They're not common in the West.
  Diff:
@@ -17,0 +18,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2830121">ノベルゲーム</xref>
+<field>&vidg;</field>
@@ -19 +21,2 @@
-<gloss>visual novel (genre of computer games)</gloss>
+<gloss>visual novel</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">interactive fiction video game featuring a text-based story and mostly static graphics</gloss>
10. A 2020-08-14 03:21:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes, I should have looked at it more closely. I was simply changing the order.
9. A* 2020-08-13 22:32:20  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Would usu not have exp at all, would it?
  Diff:
@@ -17 +16,0 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
8. A 2020-08-13 05:17:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -18 +18,0 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)

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jmdict 2817480 Active (id: 2066096)
言語野
げんごや
1. [n] {anatomy}
▶ language area of the cortex
▶ speech centre (center)



History:
3. A 2020-04-24 14:22:33  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&anat;</field>
2. A 2014-05-24 02:39:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 中辞典, etc.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>Language area of the cortex</gloss>
+<gloss>language area of the cortex</gloss>
+<gloss>speech centre (center)</gloss>
1. A* 2014-05-24 02:07:17  Clément DAUMAIL
  Refs:
Daijisen, Wikipedia

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jmdict 2835707 Active (id: 2067188)
或は
あるは
1. [adv] [dated,uk]
《as あるは...あるは...》
▶ some ... and others ...
▶ sometimes ... and at other times ...
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1586850 【あるいは】 3. some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...
2. [conj] [dated,uk]
▶ or
▶ either ... or
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1586850 【あるいは】 1. or; either ... or



History:
5. A 2020-05-02 02:39:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2020-04-24 20:01:38  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs
meikyo: "古風な言い方で"
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1586850">或いは・あるいは・3</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1586850">あるいは・3</xref>
+<misc>&dated;</misc>
@@ -14,2 +15,3 @@
-<gloss>sometimes</gloss>
-<gloss>some</gloss>
+<s_inf>as あるは...あるは...</s_inf>
+<gloss>some ... and others ...</gloss>
+<gloss>sometimes ... and at other times ...</gloss>
@@ -19 +21,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1586850">或いは・あるいは・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1586850">あるいは・1</xref>
+<misc>&dated;</misc>
3. A 2018-05-23 01:58:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1586850">或いは・あるいは・3</xref>
@@ -17,0 +19 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1586850">或いは・あるいは・1</xref>
2. A* 2018-05-23 00:47:55  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
reopen
1. A 2018-05-23 00:47:42  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij, meikyo, shinmeikai
  Comments:
daij is inconsistent with pos here.  calls the "some" sense here a conjunction but calls it an adv in the entry for あるいは.  meikyo is consistent

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jmdict 2838327 Active (id: 2066201)
絶対菜食主義
ぜったいさいしょくしゅぎ
1. [n]
▶ veganism
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2780450 ヴィーガニズム 1. veganism



History:
10. A 2020-04-25 21:49:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Thanks. I'll close this now.
9. A* 2020-04-25 13:05:40  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The term "dietary veganism" is used to differentiate people who merely follow a vegan diet from those who avoid animal products altogether. In other words, it specifically excludes ethical veganism. 絶対菜食主義 does not; it was coined as a translation for "veganism", which is often (or usually) assumed to mean "ethical veganism" because most self-described vegans avoid animal products such as leather.
I don't think dietary veganism should be a gloss, and I probably shouldn't have added it to 2840311.
8. A* 2020-04-25 11:35:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google English n-grams:
vegan 2642418
dietary vegan 133
veganism 146432
dietary veganism 0
  Comments:
A small issue with glosses which are almost unknown in English.
7. A* 2020-04-25 07:16:12  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/veganism -> "the practice of not eating or using any animal products, such as meat, fish, eggs, cheese, or leather"
  Comments:
This Japanese word specifically refers to eating. English dictionaries, when defining "veganism" either define it as the Cambridge Dictionary did above, or present two senses: (1) not eating animal products; (2) lifestyle centered around not using animals. In any of those cases, it makes this entry either incorrect or ambiguous, at best. I simply don't understand what value is lost by adding "dietary" in front of this gloss.
6. A* 2020-04-25 02:48:46 
  Comments:
How is it "technically erroneous" or a "misconception"? "veganism" isn't a technical term. who decides what veganism refers to? a group 
called "the vegan society", the person who first coined the word, or English speakers in general?
I agree "dietary" is distracting.
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 2838599 Rejected (id: 2066200)
完全菜食主義者
かんぜんさいしょくしゅぎしゃ
1. [n]
▶ dietary vegan
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2137660 ヴィーガン 1. vegan

History:
5. R 2020-04-25 21:46:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Discussion on 2838327.
4. A* 2020-04-24 22:36:13  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>vegan</gloss>
+<gloss>dietary vegan</gloss>
3. A 2019-03-11 13:59:31  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2137660">ヴィーガン</xref>
2. A 2019-03-11 11:41:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, RP
絶対菜食主義者	132  *
完全菜食主義者	2010
ビーガン	11048  *
ヴィーガン	12380  *
* = existing entries.
1. A* 2019-03-11 11:27:26  Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/完全菜食主義者/#clj-706005

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jmdict 2840312 Rejected (id: 2066135)
純菜食主義者
じゅんさいしょくしゅぎしゃ
1. [n]
▶ dietary vegan
▶ strict vegetarian
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2137660 ヴィーガン 1. vegan

History:
5. R 2020-04-25 00:53:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
See 2838327. A change like this needs a case to be made for it.
4. A* 2020-04-24 22:36:25  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>vegan</gloss>
+<gloss>dietary vegan</gloss>
3. A 2019-06-20 20:57:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think this is a more helpful x-ref.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1295900">菜食主義者・さいしょくしゅぎしゃ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2137660">ヴィーガン</xref>
2. A 2019-06-19 04:06:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
純 + 菜食主義者
The basic WWWJDIC glosser says "純菜 + 食 + 主義者" (純菜 is a name), and the MeCab-based on says "純 + 菜食主義者" which is correct.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1295900">菜食主義者・さいしょくしゅぎしゃ</xref>
1. A* 2019-06-17 06:34:34  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://www.j-cast.com/tv/2009/04/23040040.html?p=all
https://www.google.com/search?hl=ja&q="純菜食主義者"

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jmdict 2844282 Active (id: 2066094)

サイキッカー
1. [n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "psychic-er"
▶ person with supernatural power
▶ person capable of extrasensory perception
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1942780 超能力者 1. person with supernatural power; person capable of extrasensory perception



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 13:03:30  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 06:23:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/サイキッカー - いわゆる超能力者のこと。超能力者を意味する和製英語で、本来は「サイキック」(psychic) である。
サイキッカー	7225
  Comments:
See: https://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/Editorial_policy#References
This came in without a reference. I accidentally rejected it without a proper comment, so I worked on it a little.

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jmdict 2844286 Active (id: 2066063)
書史
しょし
1. [n]
▶ book (esp. Confucian classics and historical records)
2. [n]
▶ history of books
3. [n]
▶ history of calligraphy
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1344130 書道 1. calligraphy (esp. Asian calligraphy based on Chinese characters)



History:
4. A 2020-04-24 07:11:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Singular is probably OK.
3. A* 2020-04-24 06:30:40 
  Comments:
Singular or plural?
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>books (esp. Confucian classics and historical records)</gloss>
+<gloss>book (esp. Confucian classics and historical records)</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-24 04:21:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
書史	987
  Comments:
Not quite "obsc".
1. A* 2020-04-23 15:05:37  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/書史-534554
  Comments:
書道 seems to refer to a particular kind of calligraphy, but the entry just gives "calligraphy" and leaves the details in notes

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jmdict 2844287 Active (id: 2066060)

そう
1. [n] [rare]
▶ origin
▶ source
2. [n] [rare]
▶ virtuous ancestor



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 06:15:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 15:52:52  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/宗-526130
  Comments:
gakken says 「また、芸道などの家元・宗家・本家。」 and this is confirmed by the following aozora quotes:
翁はご承知のとおり画事の上では、大癡を宗としていた人です。
いよいよ北宋画の宗たる巨腕を示したが
how to translate this?

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jmdict 2844288 Active (id: 2066209)
事務弁護士
じむべんごし
1. [n]
▶ solicitor (legal practitioner)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2844294 ソリシター 1. solicitor (legal practitioner)



History:
3. A 2020-04-25 22:23:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>solicitor (UK, Australian, etc. lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents)</gloss>
+<gloss>solicitor (legal practitioner)</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-24 01:41:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/事務弁護士 - "(英: Solicitor)"
  Comments:
The English text you see on the JWN site comes from the English WordNet project. Francis and his collaborators created the Japanese list of words aligned with the (global) WordNet synsets.
I think it's OK to put "solicitor" as the meaning provided it's made clear it's not the AmE version.
(My wife's family were touring in the US mid-west in the mid 1960s, and were highly amused by the "No Solicitors" signs outside some towns.)
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>a British lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents</gloss>
+<gloss>solicitor (UK, Australian, etc. lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents)</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-23 18:05:09  Jim Rose <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Mr. Bond's Word Net project:

ソリシター , 事務弁護士
Definitions
日本語
法的な助言を与え、法的文書を準備する英国の弁護士
英語
a British lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents
  Comments:
EOW etc. translates this as solicitor, which of course is not a role in the Japanese legal profession.  
So it is just a matter of deciding which country's "solicitor" it refers to.

"事務" makes it fairly clear its the non-American type.  Bond's assessment seems correct.

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jmdict 2844289 Active (id: 2066041)
莢豆
さやまめ
1. [n]
▶ legume
▶ legumen
▶ leguminous plant



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 03:33:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5
1. A* 2020-04-23 23:04:22  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
daijs https://kotobank.jp/word/莢豆-512150
JST etc https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/莢豆

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jmdict 2844291 Active (id: 2066163)

テステスてすてす
1. [exp]
《said when testing a microphone》
▶ testing, testing
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2741060 本日は晴天なり 1. testing, testing



History:
3. A 2020-04-25 10:02:08  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<s_inf>said when testing a microphone</s_inf>
2. A 2020-04-24 00:44:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes, quite a few hits in that context.
1. A* 2020-04-24 00:03:51  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://hinative.com/ja/questions/14551362

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jmdict 2844292 Active (id: 2074707)
氷は水より出でて水よりも寒し
こおりはみずよりいでてみずよりもさむし
1. [exp] [proverb]
▶ students surpass their masters
▶ [lit] ice coming from water is colder than water



History:
6. A 2020-07-10 22:44:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Thanks.
5. A* 2020-07-10 19:36:31  Timofei Shatrov <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
reading missing first word
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>はみずよりいでてみずよりもさむし</reb>
+<reb>こおりはみずよりいでてみずよりもさむし</reb>
4. A 2020-04-24 05:00:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I like that version. It's based on an old Chinese text but I'm happy calling it a proverb.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<misc>&id;</misc>
-<gloss>the student has surpassed the master</gloss>
+<misc>&proverb;</misc>
+<gloss>students surpass their masters</gloss>
3. A* 2020-04-24 04:18:23  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
if this is a proverb, the gloss should be 
"students surpass their masters".
(if it's an [id], the current gloss is 
fine)
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<misc>&proverb;</misc>
+<misc>&id;</misc>
2. A 2020-04-24 00:40:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Koj
  Comments:
From 荀子.
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2844293 Deleted (id: 2291506)
かなりの物
かなりのもの
1. [exp,n] [uk]
▶ substantial matter
▶ significant item



History:
9. D 2024-02-10 01:18:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
8. A* 2024-02-01 08:54:08  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
相当なもの	145177


akso
Top 10 N-grams Lookup for かなりの (Frequency Order)
かなりの	6317466	  
かなりの数	218702	  
かなりの時間	194405	  
かなりのもの	168207	  
かなりの量	135405	  
かなりの確率	113381	  
かなりの確率で	109549	  
かなりの部分	95841	  
かなりの数の	88556	  
かなりの人	81645	  
かなりの時間を	73053
  Comments:
I don't think we need 相当なもの、かなりの時間 or this.
7. A 2024-01-31 20:18:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Best kept, I think.
6. A* 2024-01-31 12:12:06  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
I nominated it back then because when I first saw it I was a little confused. It's a unique construction. You wouldn't expect to see any of the following:
相当ののも	0	0.0%
割り合いのもの	0	0.0%
たんまりのもの	0	0.0%
滅法のもの	0	0.0%
さばかりのもの	0	0.0%
and lastly, I think the ngrams justify its inclusion.
5. A* 2024-01-31 11:33:55  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
This looks like A+B to me?
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 2844294 Active (id: 2066208)

ソリシター
1. [n]
▶ solicitor (legal practitioner)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2844288 事務弁護士 1. solicitor (legal practitioner)



History:
7. A 2020-04-25 22:22:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
6. A* 2020-04-24 06:21:29  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
This looks better to me.
  Diff:
@@ -10,2 +10 @@
-<gloss>legal practitioner</gloss>
-<gloss>solicitor</gloss>
+<gloss>solicitor (legal practitioner)</gloss>
5. A* 2020-04-24 05:04:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Maybe this? I don't want to have just solicitor by itself as the term is, I gather, unused and unknown in the US (except to mean canvasser, panhandler, etc.)
  Diff:
@@ -10,2 +10,2 @@
-<field>&law;</field>
-<gloss>solicitor (UK, Australian, etc. lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents)</gloss>
+<gloss>legal practitioner</gloss>
+<gloss>solicitor</gloss>
4. A* 2020-04-24 04:19:51  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't see the need for the extremely 
long clarification. I think "solicitor" 
by itself is enough. (same goes for the 
事務弁護士 entry)
3. A* 2020-04-24 03:48:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Not sure. We don't tag the 弁護士 entry that way. 医者 isn't tagged "med".
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2844295 Active (id: 2066276)

クチャラーくちゃらー
1. [n] [sl]
▶ person who smacks loudly when eating
▶ loud eater
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2140920 くちゃくちゃ 1. (eating) noisily; (chewing) with an open mouth; while smacking



History:
5. A 2020-04-26 10:45:24  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>person who smacks loudly when they eat</gloss>
+<gloss>person who smacks loudly when eating</gloss>
4. A 2020-04-25 10:40:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-25 02:58:20 
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>loud eater</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-24 07:26:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
クチャラー	2440
くちゃらー	140
https://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/くちゃらー
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>くちゃらー</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2140920">くちゃくちゃ</xref>
1. A* 2020-04-24 04:47:26  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
クチャラー	2440

https://forzastyle.com/articles/-/56431

saw in restaurant review: クチャラー率が高い

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jmdict 2844296 Active (id: 2205551)
印舗印鋪 [sK]
いんぽいんほ
1. [n]
《used in store names》
▶ seal shop
▶ stamp maker



History:
5. A 2022-08-22 03:44:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Can drop it.
  Diff:
@@ -19 +19 @@
-<s_inf>used in store names, etc.</s_inf>
+<s_inf>used in store names</s_inf>
4. A* 2022-08-22 00:08:28  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'm not fond of "etc." here. I can't imagine what the other examples would be.
3. A* 2022-08-20 13:55:06  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
印舗	2702	98.1%
印鋪	52	1.9%
  Diff:
@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@
+<keb>印舗</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -5,0 +9 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -14,0 +19 @@
+<s_inf>used in store names, etc.</s_inf>
2. A 2020-04-24 06:09:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-24 05:11:41  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
印鋪	52

http://www.hancoha.jp/mst.html
印鑑は袋井市のはんこ屋【松下印舗】
http://www.satoinho.co.jp/
佐藤印鋪
https://www.otaniinpo.co.jp/
大谷印鋪
https://ameblo.jp/honma-hanko/
○1900年創業 本間印鋪(ほんまいんぽう)
hankowa.jp
印鑑は足立区梅島のはんこ屋【天田印舗】

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jmdict 2844297 Active (id: 2066185)
雪の結晶
ゆきのけっしょう
1. [exp,n]
▶ snow crystal
▶ snowflake



History:
4. A 2020-04-25 11:36:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
3. A* 2020-04-25 11:07:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowflake
"A snowflake is a single ice crystal that has achieved a sufficient size, and may have amalgamated with others, then falls through the Earth's atmosphere as snow"
  Comments:
Isn't all snow crystallised? I don't think we need that gloss.
"Snowflake" is valid here. It can refer to an individual crystal or a clump of them. Japanese has a separate term for the latter (雪片).
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>crystallized snow</gloss>
+<gloss>snowflake</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-24 07:13:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 subentry, Eijiro
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>crystallized snow</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-24 06:10:29  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
雪の結晶	134478
雪結晶	4771
  Comments:
Seems worth having, to me?

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jmdict 2844298 Active (id: 2066092)
泥洹
ないおん
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ nirvana
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1568720 涅槃 1. nirvana; supreme enlightenment



History:
3. A 2020-04-24 12:10:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1568720">涅槃</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1568720">涅槃</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1568720">涅槃・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1568720">涅槃・1</xref>
2. A 2020-04-24 12:09:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<field>&Buddh;</field>
1. A* 2020-04-24 07:24:02  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
daijr https://kotobank.jp/word/泥洹-345093

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jmdict 2844299 Active (id: 2066085)
光回線
ひかりかいせん
1. [n]
▶ optical communications line
▶ optical network
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1272780 光【ひかり】 6. optical fiber; optical fibre



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 12:04:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://e-words.jp/w/光回線.html
KOD追加語彙
  Comments:
Not necessarily fibre or cable.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>fiber optic cable</gloss>
+<gloss>optical communications line</gloss>
+<gloss>optical network</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-24 08:32:28  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
daijs https://kotobank.jp/word/光回線-1741516
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/光回線

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jmdict 2844300 Active (id: 2066177)
裏盆
うらぼん
1. [n]
▶ last day of the Bon festival (July 20 in most parts of Japan)



History:
4. A 2020-04-25 11:13:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-25 03:00:02 
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/裏盆-441914
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>ending of the Bon festival</gloss>
+<gloss>last day of the Bon festival (July 20 in most parts of Japan)</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-24 23:44:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr
1. A* 2020-04-24 10:19:48  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
daijs https://kotobank.jp/word/裏盆-441914

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jmdict 2844301 Active (id: 2066123)

キルメスケルメッセ
1. [n]
▶ kermesse (festival)



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 23:55:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kermesse_(festival)
キルメス	2282
ケルメッセ	< 20
  Comments:
I don't think it's a particualrly Christian term in Japanese, in fact most Japanese references to キルメス seem to be to the Argentinian town Quilmes.
  Diff:
@@ -12,4 +12 @@
-<field>&Christn;</field>
-<gloss>kermesse</gloss>
-<gloss>kermis</gloss>
-<gloss>kirmess</gloss>
+<gloss>kermesse (festival)</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-24 10:31:04  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/キルメス-53874
https://nipo-brasil.org/archives/11899/
  Comments:
Though Christian, funnily enough also done by Japanese Buddhist temples in Brazil

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jmdict 2844302 Rejected (id: 2066121)
異材
いざい
1. [n]
▶ different material
▶ dissimilar substance
▶ contaminant
2. [n]
▶ genious
▶ prodigy
▶ talented person

History:
2. R 2020-04-24 23:41:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Merging with existing  偉材 entry (as does GG5).
1. A* 2020-04-24 20:31:49  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://sakura-paris.org/dict/学研漢和大字典/prefix/異材
https://kotobank.jp/word/異材-431770
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/異材

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jmdict 2844303 Active (id: 2067500)
般涅槃
はつねはん
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ parinirvana
▶ [expl] final release from the cycle of karma and rebirth



History:
2. A 2020-05-04 10:16:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Not really sure of that "expl", but no-one has picked up on it.
1. A* 2020-04-24 22:13:56  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
nikk https://kotobank.jp/word/般涅槃-1393091

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jmnedict 5009526 Active (id: 2066036)

アチバイア
1. [place]
▶ Atibaia (Brazil)



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 01:18:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 23:15:33  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<gloss>Atibaia</gloss>
+<gloss>Atibaia (Brazil)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5027087 Active (id: 2066059)
庫車
クチャ
1. [place]
▶ Kucha (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China)
▶ Kuqa



History:
1. A 2020-04-24 06:15:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>庫車</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12 @@
+<gloss>Kucha (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5028040 Active (id: 2066034)

クリチバクリチーバ
1. [place]
▶ Curitiba (Brazil)



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 01:16:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 23:17:36  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/クリチバ
  Comments:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
クリチバ		12414
クリチーバ	3593

Merge here
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>クリチバ</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -9 +12 @@
-<gloss>Curitiba</gloss>
+<gloss>Curitiba (Brazil)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5028043 Deleted (id: 2182483)

クリチバ
1. [place]
▶ Curitiba



History:
3. D 2022-03-31 05:51:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. D* 2022-03-31 02:23:32  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
Should be deleted. Already merged.
1. A 2020-04-24 01:17:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Merged

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jmnedict 5062540 Active (id: 2066033)

バイーア
1. [place]
▶ Bahia (Brazil)



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 01:16:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 22:41:53  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/バイーア州
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<gloss>Bahia</gloss>
+<gloss>Bahia (Brazil)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5063572 Active (id: 2066081)

バルセロナ
1. [place]
▶ Barcelona (Spain, Venezuela)



History:
1. A 2020-04-24 09:27:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<gloss>Barcelona (Spain)</gloss>
+<gloss>Barcelona (Spain, Venezuela)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5407301 Active (id: 2286542)
新宿線
しんじゅくせん [spec1]
1. [serv]
▶ Shinjuku Line



History:
4. A 2023-12-27 07:16:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3. A* 2023-10-27 20:23:37  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<misc>&place;</misc>
+<misc>&serv;</misc>
2. A 2020-04-24 12:06:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Most of our line entries are "place". Yes, we need a more suitable tag.
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<misc>&unclass;</misc>
+<misc>&place;</misc>
1. A* 2020-04-24 08:45:18  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shinjukusen</gloss>
+<gloss>Shinjuku Line</gloss>

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jmnedict 5448672 Active (id: 2286531)
西武新宿線
せいぶしんじゅくせん [spec1]
1. [serv]
▶ Seibu Shinjuku Line



History:
4. A 2023-12-27 07:06:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3. A* 2023-10-27 20:15:09  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<misc>&place;</misc>
+<misc>&serv;</misc>
2. A 2020-04-24 12:07:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<misc>&unclass;</misc>
+<misc>&place;</misc>
1. A* 2020-04-24 08:25:06  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
Needs a train line tag
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Seibushinjukusen</gloss>
+<gloss>Seibu Shinjuku Line</gloss>

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jmnedict 5467280 Active (id: 2283046)
浅草線
あさくさせん [spec1]
1. [serv]
▶ Asakusa Line



History:
4. A 2023-11-12 05:38:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3. A* 2023-10-27 20:20:56  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<misc>&place;</misc>
+<misc>&serv;</misc>
2. A 2020-04-24 12:06:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<misc>&unclass;</misc>
+<misc>&place;</misc>
1. A* 2020-04-24 08:47:02  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Asakusasen</gloss>
+<gloss>Asakusa Line</gloss>

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jmnedict 5547551 Deleted (id: 2066288)
都営地下鉄三田線
とえいちかてつみたせん
1. [place]
▶ Toeichikatetsumitasen



History:
2. D 2020-04-26 11:25:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. D* 2020-04-24 08:46:09  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
Same as 三田線

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jmnedict 5547552 Deleted (id: 2066289)
都営地下鉄浅草線
とえいちかてつあさくさせん
1. [place]
▶ Toeichikatetsuasakusasen



History:
2. D 2020-04-26 11:26:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. D* 2020-04-24 08:46:44  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
Same as 浅草線

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jmnedict 5742406 Active (id: 2066032)

アラウージョ
1. [surname]
▶ Araújo



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 01:15:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 23:11:05  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://www.nikkeyshimbun.jp/2020/200423-12brasil.html

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jmnedict 5742407 Active (id: 2066022)
拝藤
はいとう
1. [surname]
▶ Haitō



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 00:45:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-24 00:09:09  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
日英固有名詞辞典 https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/拝藤

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jmnedict 5742408 Active (id: 2236788)
都営地下鉄
とえいちかてつ [spec1]
1. [company]
▶ Toei Subway



History:
3. A 2023-05-08 23:48:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Adding spec1
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2. A 2020-04-24 12:07:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-24 08:45:04  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/都営地下鉄

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