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jmdict 1008290 Active (id: 2066003)

てっきり [ichi1]
1. [adv]
《used of beliefs that turned out to be false》
▶ surely
▶ certainly
▶ without doubt



History:
4. A 2020-04-23 21:03:13  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10,2 @@
-<gloss>surely (used of beliefs that turned out false)</gloss>
+<s_inf>used of beliefs that turned out to be false</s_inf>
+<gloss>surely</gloss>
3. A* 2020-04-23 18:14:06 
  Refs:
daijisen
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<gloss>surely</gloss>
+<gloss>surely (used of beliefs that turned out false)</gloss>
2. A 2017-12-01 22:35:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2017-12-01 11:56:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
--> adverb gloss
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>beyond doubt</gloss>
+<gloss>without doubt</gloss>

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jmdict 1090660 Active (id: 2274878)

ナポレオン [gai1]
1. [n] [person]
▶ Napoleon
2. [n] {card games}
▶ napoleon (Japanese trick-taking game)



History:
8. A 2023-08-17 11:13:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ナポレオン	484449	100.0%
奈破崙	34	0.0%
那波列翁	64	0.0%
  Comments:
The ateji versions are in the names dictionary. I think that's enough.
  Diff:
@@ -4,4 +3,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>那波列翁</keb>
-<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
7. A* 2023-08-17 10:41:00 
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,4 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>那波列翁</keb>
+<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
6. A 2022-07-24 05:56:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I really don't mind the names of games being tagged.
5. A* 2022-07-24 02:02:35  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I've already asked this on GitHub but I'll repeat it here. Do we want to use the [cards] tag for names of card games considering that we don't use [sports] for names of sports?
I don't really mind either way but if we do tag them, I don't think the parenthesised part should be left simply as "game", "Japanese game", etc. I think it looks odd without "card" or some other descriptor that indicates it's a card game.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<gloss>napoleon (Japanese game)</gloss>
+<gloss>napoleon (Japanese trick-taking game)</gloss>
4. A 2022-07-22 05:43:23  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15,2 @@
-<gloss>napoleon (Japanese card game)</gloss>
+<field>&cards;</field>
+<gloss>napoleon (Japanese game)</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 1099910 Active (id: 2067833)

バルセロナ [gai1]
1. [n] [place]
▶ Barcelona (Spain)



History:
7. A 2020-05-07 00:45:46  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes, it's a judgement call.  Barcelona in Venezuela definitely wouldn't make the cut though.  The cities included in the main dictionary tend to be a very small subset of the ones that make it into English or Japanese dictionaries, and Barcelona, Venezuela is in none of mine.
6. A* 2020-05-02 23:23:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Re "and other significant cities", it's quite impossible to have a precise definition. I'd prefer we just monitor what's suggested. For example of French cities if someone were to propose entries for Marseilles or Lyon I wouldn't object, but probably Montpellier isn't quite significant enough. In Spain probably Valencia and Seville would be OK, but probably not Granada. It's a question of balance.
5. A* 2020-04-24 14:59:03  Guillem Palau-Salvà
  Comments:
Let me explicitly state my doubts so I avoid making unnecessary submissions in the future wasting editor’s valuable time.

•  other countries and their capital cities and other significant cities 
•  major geographical features (continents, oceans, major seas, lakes, mountain ranges, etc.) 

What would be the threshold so one can objectively categorize a city as being significant enough or not (make the cut)? and geographical features to be considered major? I do think that should be on English or Japanese speaker perspective.

So in other words, there are cities relevant enough which are not capitals. What is the threshold to consider a city significant hence worth including an entry for it. Barcelona is the capital of Catalonia which is a region in Spain, but is not a country’s capital, that is 2830535 Madrid (specified the country on a last year submission).


•  states and provinces of English-speaking countries and their capital cities
Those cases I think do not need to be specified i.e. 1109240 Philadelphia (Pennsylvania, USA) since an English speaker is expected to know that. And those entries could be just tagged as [place].
4. A 2020-04-24 12:08:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes, I meant to add it to the JMnedict version.
3. A* 2020-04-24 08:38:01  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Barcelona (Spain) is in jmdict based it belonging to this category of proper names:
"other countries and their capital cities and other significant cities" (from the editorial policy)
We're pretty strict on what cities to let in outside of capital cities. Barcelona (Venezuela) does not make the cut.
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<gloss>Barcelona (Spain, Venezuela)</gloss>
+<gloss>Barcelona (Spain)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1124760 Active (id: 2066027)

ポーラータイポーラー・タイ
1. [n]
▶ bolo tie
▶ bola tie
▶ shoestring necktie



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 01:08:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
There is a "polar tie" but ポーラータイseems only to mean a bolo/bola/whatever tie.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<gloss>polar tie</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-23 16:02:12  Guillem Palau-Salvà
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolo_tie
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ポーラー・タイ
https://kotobank.jp/word/ポーラータイ-629162
  Comments:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
ポーラータイ	No matches
ポーラー・タイ	No matches
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ポーラー・タイ</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -9,0 +13,3 @@
+<gloss>bolo tie</gloss>
+<gloss>bola tie</gloss>
+<gloss>shoestring necktie</gloss>

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jmdict 1137540 Active (id: 2065891)

ヨーデル
1. [n] {music} Source lang: ger "Jodel"
▶ yodel



History:
2. A 2020-04-23 00:06:14  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-22 23:32:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5: ヨーデル歌手 a yodeler.
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,2 @@
+<field>&music;</field>
+<lsource xml:lang="ger">Jodel</lsource>

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jmdict 1153140 Active (id: 2159231)
圧勝 [news1,nf14]
あっしょう [news1,nf14]
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ overwhelming victory
▶ crushing victory
▶ sweeping victory
▶ landslide victory

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2021-11-17 22:36:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
2. A 2020-04-23 00:03:37  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
G n-grams:
あっ勝	No matches
  Comments:
Dropping あっ勝.
  Diff:
@@ -8,3 +7,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>あっ勝</keb>
@@ -22,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>landslide victory</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-22 23:54:53  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
中辞典 https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/圧勝
  Diff:
@@ -20 +20,3 @@
-<gloss>complete victory</gloss>
+<gloss>overwhelming victory</gloss>
+<gloss>crushing victory</gloss>
+<gloss>sweeping victory</gloss>

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jmdict 1161250 Active (id: 2065950)
一花
ひとはな
1. [n]
▶ one flower
▶ single flower
2. [n,adj-no]
▶ success
▶ prosperity



History:
2. A 2020-04-23 05:10:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
  Comments:
Most refs lead with the flower sense.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>success</gloss>
+<gloss>one flower</gloss>
+<gloss>single flower</gloss>
@@ -17 +17,3 @@
-<gloss>one flower</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<gloss>success</gloss>
+<gloss>prosperity</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-23 04:51:16  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14,3 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>

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jmdict 1166080 Active (id: 2065940)
一筆書き
ひとふでがきいっぴつがき
1. [n]
▶ one-stroke sketch
▶ unicursal



History:
4. A 2020-04-23 04:05:33  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/unicursal - An object or figure composed entirely of a single continuous path or line
  Comments:
Can be a noun too.
3. A* 2020-04-23 02:03:18  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
should 'unicursal' (adjective) be in there? isn't it mixing & matching pos?
2. A 2020-04-23 00:51:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>いっぴつがき</reb>
+</r_ele>
1. A* 2020-04-22 09:59:51  Charlie McIlraith <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Simply another translation.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>unicursal</gloss>

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jmdict 1175140 Active (id: 2103531)
[ichi1,news1,nf05] [oK]
えき [ichi1,news1,nf05]
1. [n]
▶ railway station
▶ train station
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1581880 停車場【ていしゃじょう】 2. (railway) station
2. [n] [hist]
▶ staging post on a highway (in pre-modern Japan)
3. [ctr]
▶ counter for railway stations and bus stations



History:
16. A 2021-05-25 11:06:08  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -26,0 +27 @@
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
15. A 2020-04-23 00:56:42  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
14. A* 2020-04-20 11:46:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/japanese-counters-list/ - 350 counters from Ida Asako's "日本の助数詞に親しむ" (https://www.amazon.co.jp/dp/4809414140/)
  Comments:
Changing my mind. See the discussion on 1270910.
  Diff:
@@ -28,0 +29,4 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&ctr;</pos>
+<gloss>counter for railway stations and bus stations</gloss>
+</sense>
13. A 2020-02-05 11:35:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_counter_word
  Comments:
I'm sorry but I still don't think that's actually a counter. There are many cases where you can use numeric+noun. I can have a 10アンペア circuit, but that doesn't mean アンペア is a counter.
12. A* 2020-01-19 02:44:40 
  Comments:
I want to lend my support to the [ctr] on the first sense. Extremely common as in A:"あと何駅 (i.e. until we get to our 
destination)?" B:"あと1駅(ひとえき)"
(show/hide 11 older log entries)

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jmdict 1182650 Active (id: 2065978)
億劫
おっくうおくこうおっこう [ok]
1. [adj-na,n]
▶ troublesome
▶ bothersome
▶ tiresome
▶ annoying



History:
5. A 2020-04-23 10:41:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -20 +19,0 @@
-<misc>&uk;</misc>
4. A* 2020-04-22 06:17:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
億劫	334156
おっくう	115499
  Comments:
The n-grams tell a different story (both Google and KM). The not-very-useful counts from Google's WWW search are similar.
OTOH both GG5 and 中辞典 use kana in examples. This may be because 劫 is non-常用漢字.
3. A* 2020-04-22 04:51:02  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
斎藤和英大辞典, 研究社新英和中辞典
プログレッシブ和英中辞典: https://kotobank.jp/jeword/億劫
  Comments:
but daijs suggest otherwise: 「ものを言うのも億劫だ」 https://kotobank.jp/word/億劫-451702
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
2. A 2017-10-16 08:57:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2017-10-15 20:56:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daij
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13,4 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>おっこう</reb>
+<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
+</r_ele>
@@ -16,0 +21,2 @@
+<gloss>bothersome</gloss>
+<gloss>tiresome</gloss>

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jmdict 1218380 Active (id: 2286374)
危ない [ichi1,news2,nf39]
あぶない [ichi1,news2,nf39] アブナい [sk]
1. [adj-i]
▶ dangerous
▶ risky
▶ hazardous
▶ perilous
▶ precarious
2. [adj-i]
▶ in danger
▶ in jeopardy
▶ critical
▶ grave
▶ at risk
3. [adj-i]
▶ uncertain
▶ unreliable
▶ insecure
▶ unsteady
▶ doubtful
4. [adj-i]
▶ close (call)
▶ narrow (escape)
5. [int]
▶ look out!
▶ watch out!
▶ be careful!

Conjugations


History:
10. A 2023-12-24 00:10:54  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -18 +17,0 @@
-<re_nokanji/>
9. A 2023-12-24 00:10:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
危ない	2775702	82.9%
あぶない	564460	16.9%
アブナい	8037	0.2%
  Comments:
Hardly worth it.
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
8. A* 2023-12-23 22:10:09 
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───────────╮
│ アブナい │     8,037 │
╰─ーーーー─┴───────────╯
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>アブナい</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
7. A 2021-04-26 12:21:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2021-04-26 11:32:43  Opencooper
  Refs:
luminous; wikt
  Diff:
@@ -44,0 +45,6 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&int;</pos>
+<gloss>look out!</gloss>
+<gloss>watch out!</gloss>
+<gloss>be careful!</gloss>
+</sense>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1245330 Active (id: 2065943)
空き巣狙い空き巣ねらい空巣狙い
あきすねらい
1. [n]
▶ burglary (of an empty house)
▶ burglar (who targets empty houses)
▶ sneak thief
▶ prowler
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1586220 空き巣 3. burglary (of an empty house); burglar (who targets empty houses); sneak thief; prowler



History:
3. A 2020-04-23 04:19:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -18 +18 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1586220">空き巣・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1586220">空き巣・3</xref>
2. A* 2020-04-23 01:55:19  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
xref is potentially pointing at the wrong sense
1. A 2020-04-03 10:32:26  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -17,0 +18,4 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1586220">空き巣・1</xref>
+<gloss>burglary (of an empty house)</gloss>
+<gloss>burglar (who targets empty houses)</gloss>
+<gloss>sneak thief</gloss>
@@ -19 +22,0 @@
-<gloss>sneak thief</gloss>

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jmdict 1265520 Active (id: 2066306)
古手 [news2,nf36]
ふるて [news2,nf36]
1. [n,adj-no]
▶ used article
▶ worn-out article
2. [n,adj-no]
▶ veteran
▶ old-timer
▶ long-serving employee
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1361930 新手 2. newcomer; new employee; new worker
3. [adj-na,n] [rare]
▶ long-established (way, method, etc.)
▶ old
▶ commonplace
▶ stale



History:
3. A 2020-04-26 16:15:29  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1361930">新手・2</xref>
2. A 2020-04-23 02:12:37  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-22 16:23:35  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
  Comments:
Splitting into senses.
Sense 3 is in the kokugos (including meikyo) but not the JEs. Difficult to find examples.
  Diff:
@@ -17,3 +17,18 @@
-<gloss>disused article</gloss>
-<gloss>ex-soldier</gloss>
-<gloss>retired official</gloss>
+<gloss>used article</gloss>
+<gloss>worn-out article</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<gloss>veteran</gloss>
+<gloss>old-timer</gloss>
+<gloss>long-serving employee</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&obsc;</misc>
+<gloss>long-established (way, method, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>old</gloss>
+<gloss>commonplace</gloss>
+<gloss>stale</gloss>

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jmdict 1270910 Active (id: 2115450)
[ichi1,news1,nf19]
[ichi1,news1,nf19]
1. [n,n-suf,ctr]
▶ word
2. [n,n-suf]
▶ language
3. [n]
▶ speech



History:
13. A 2021-07-12 07:37:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Almost all the 98 sentences are for the "word" sense. I've fixed the indices.
12. A* 2021-07-12 00:13:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
  Comments:
I think the "word" sense should lead.
All the JEs have "speech". It's a separate sense in daijs.
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19,6 @@
+<pos>&ctr;</pos>
+<gloss>word</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
@@ -23,3 +29 @@
-<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
-<pos>&ctr;</pos>
-<gloss>word</gloss>
+<gloss>speech</gloss>
11. A 2020-04-24 01:11:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No. When it's both a n/n-suf and a ctr we omit the "counter for".
  Diff:
@@ -25 +25 @@
-<gloss>counter for words</gloss>
+<gloss>word</gloss>
10. A* 2020-04-23 12:32:26  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
Isn't this the usual format?
  Diff:
@@ -25 +25 @@
-<gloss>word</gloss>
+<gloss>counter for words</gloss>
9. A* 2020-04-20 23:41:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Reopen.
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 1274850 Active (id: 2066327)
公明 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
こうめい [ichi1,news1,nf03]
1. [n,adj-na]
▶ fairness
▶ openness
▶ impartiality
2. [n] [abbr]
▶ Komeito (Japanese political party)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1628770 公明党 1. Komeito (Japanese political party)



History:
5. A 2020-04-26 21:04:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2020-04-26 20:08:53  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, 中辞典
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -18 +18,0 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -20 +20,2 @@
-<gloss>justice</gloss>
+<gloss>openness</gloss>
+<gloss>impartiality</gloss>
@@ -24 +25 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1628770">公明党・こうめいとう</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1628770">公明党</xref>
3. A 2020-04-24 20:45:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning
  Diff:
@@ -26,3 +26 @@
-<gloss>New Komeito (Japanese political party)</gloss>
-<gloss>New Clean Government Party</gloss>
-<gloss>Justice Party</gloss>
+<gloss>Komeito (Japanese political party)</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-23 05:11:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -23,0 +24 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1628770">公明党・こうめいとう</xref>
1. A* 2020-04-23 04:59:15  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://twitter.com/product1954/status/1250594439602401280
etc
  Diff:
@@ -21,0 +22,7 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
+<gloss>New Komeito (Japanese political party)</gloss>
+<gloss>New Clean Government Party</gloss>
+<gloss>Justice Party</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1392580 Active (id: 2098697)
[ichi1]
まえ [ichi1]
1. [n]
▶ in front (of)
▶ before (e.g. a building)
2. [n,adj-no,adv]
▶ before
▶ earlier
▶ previously
▶ prior
▶ ago
▶ (minutes) to (the hour)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1392570 前【ぜん】 4. before; earlier
3. [n,adj-no]
▶ (the) front
▶ frontal part
▶ fore
▶ head (e.g. of a line)
4. [n]
▶ forward
▶ ahead
5. [n]
▶ (in the) presence (of)
▶ in front (of someone)
6. [adj-no]
▶ previous (e.g. page)
▶ prior (e.g. engagement)
▶ first (e.g. half)
▶ former (e.g. example)
7. [suf]
《after a noun or the -masu stem of a verb》
▶ portion
▶ helping
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1163770 一人前 1. one portion; one serving; one person
8. [n]
▶ front (of one's body or clothing)
▶ breast (of a coat, kimono, etc.)
9. [n]
▶ privates
▶ private parts
10. [n] [col]
▶ criminal record
▶ previous conviction
▶ (a) prior



History:
13. A 2021-03-31 04:41:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Bulk update n-adv to n,adv
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -18 +18 @@
-<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
12. A 2021-03-11 23:10:55  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Sentences reindexed.
  Diff:
@@ -61,2 +61,2 @@
-<gloss>front of the body</gloss>
-<gloss>breast (of a kimono, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>front (of one's body or clothing)</gloss>
+<gloss>breast (of a coat, kimono, etc.)</gloss>
11. A 2021-03-11 00:11:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2021-03-11 00:06:48  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij, meikyo
  Comments:
Added sense and glosses. Reordered a couple of the senses. I'll fix the sentences if this is approved.
"front (e.g. seat)" is an example of sense 3.
  Diff:
@@ -14 +13,0 @@
-<pos>&suf;</pos>
@@ -16 +15 @@
-<gloss>before (e.g. the house)</gloss>
+<gloss>before (e.g. a building)</gloss>
@@ -20,3 +19 @@
-<pos>&suf;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="1392570">前・ぜん・3</xref>
-<gloss>ago</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -23,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>earlier</gloss>
@@ -25,0 +24 @@
+<gloss>ago</gloss>
@@ -30 +29,4 @@
-<gloss>front (of something)</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<gloss>(the) front</gloss>
+<gloss>frontal part</gloss>
+<gloss>fore</gloss>
@@ -32 +33,0 @@
-<gloss>fore part</gloss>
@@ -35,5 +36,3 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>front (e.g. seat)</gloss>
-<gloss>previous (e.g. entry in a list)</gloss>
-<gloss>prior</gloss>
-<gloss>former</gloss>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>forward</gloss>
+<gloss>ahead</gloss>
@@ -47,3 +46,5 @@
-<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
-<gloss>forward</gloss>
-<gloss>ahead</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<gloss>previous (e.g. page)</gloss>
+<gloss>prior (e.g. engagement)</gloss>
+<gloss>first (e.g. half)</gloss>
+<gloss>former (e.g. example)</gloss>
@@ -53,2 +54,3 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1368480">人前・にんまえ</xref>
-<s_inf>usu. after a noun or the -masu stem of a verb</s_inf>
+<xref type="see" seq="1163770">一人前・1</xref>
+<s_inf>after a noun or the -masu stem of a verb</s_inf>
+<gloss>portion</gloss>
@@ -56 +57,0 @@
-<gloss>portion</gloss>
@@ -60,0 +62 @@
+<gloss>breast (of a kimono, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -65,0 +68,7 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<gloss>criminal record</gloss>
+<gloss>previous conviction</gloss>
+<gloss>(a) prior</gloss>
9. A 2021-03-10 04:46:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Removing n-t from n-adv,n-t
  Diff:
@@ -20 +19,0 @@
-<pos>&n-t;</pos>
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1418840 Active (id: 2195436)
短絡 [news1,nf21]
たんらく [news1,nf21]
1. [n,vs,vt,vi] {electricity, elec. eng.}
▶ short circuit
▶ short
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1062300 ショート 3. short (circuit)
2. [n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ illogical jump
▶ drawing a hasty inference (between two events)
▶ jumping to conclusions
▶ acting rashly

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2022-07-11 03:53:52  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
mk (a more recent edition? I think)
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -25,0 +27 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
4. A 2022-06-17 11:37:30  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
mk
saw in medical context not covered by us (nor kokugos) here:
https://www.ncvc.go.jp/hospital/section/ppc/pediatric_cardiovascular/tr15/
外科的修復を終え、心臓内の短絡やチアノ-ゼのない状態に至れば、長期的な成長発育が可能です。
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
@@ -24,0 +26 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
3. A 2021-09-20 14:36:56  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Diff:
@@ -17,0 +18 @@
+<field>&elec;</field>
2. A 2020-04-23 21:17:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 15:25:10  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, gg5, 中辞典
  Comments:
Altering glosses slightly.
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17,3 @@
-<gloss>electric short-circuit</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1062300">ショート・3</xref>
+<gloss>short circuit</gloss>
+<gloss>short</gloss>
@@ -22,3 +24,4 @@
-<gloss>drawing a hasty inference between two events</gloss>
-<gloss>jumping to a quick conclusion</gloss>
-<gloss>dealing with matters quickly and carelessly</gloss>
+<gloss>illogical jump</gloss>
+<gloss>drawing a hasty inference (between two events)</gloss>
+<gloss>jumping to conclusions</gloss>
+<gloss>acting rashly</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1418850 Active (id: 2066001)
短絡的
たんらくてき
1. [adj-na]
▶ simplistic (thinking, idea, etc.)
▶ hasty



History:
2. A 2020-04-23 20:46:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 15:13:45  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, gg5
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>simplistic</gloss>
+<gloss>simplistic (thinking, idea, etc.)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1460330 Active (id: 2154447)
南山
なんざん
1. [n]
▶ southern mountains
▶ mountains to the south
2. [n]
▶ Mount Kōya (esp. Kongōbu-ji)
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1521380 北嶺 1. Mount Hiei



History:
6. A 2021-10-29 11:26:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2021-10-29 03:38:34  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think the general sense should lead, as it does in the kokugos
I made it plural because I did the same for 北山 東山 西山 but I guess singular works as well (though all of them should be aligned)
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1521380">北嶺・1</xref>
-<gloss>Mount Kōya (esp. Kongōbu-ji)</gloss>
+<gloss>southern mountains</gloss>
+<gloss>mountains to the south</gloss>
@@ -17,2 +17,2 @@
-<s_inf>orig. meaning</s_inf>
-<gloss>southern mountain</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1521380">北嶺・1</xref>
+<gloss>Mount Kōya (esp. Kongōbu-ji)</gloss>
4. A 2020-04-23 01:51:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Approving, but I'm also wondering if sense 1 should move to the names dictionary and just retain sense 2.
3. A* 2020-04-23 01:21:44  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
reopen
2. A 2020-04-23 01:21:28  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
temp approve for xref
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1460470 Active (id: 2158713)
南都
なんと
1. [n] [hist,poet]
▶ Nara
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2851512 北都 1. Kyoto
2. [n]
▶ Kōfuku-ji (Buddhist temple in Nara)
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1521380 北嶺 2. Enryaku-ji (Tendai monastery located on Mount Hiei)



History:
15. A 2021-11-15 16:55:56  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr: 比叡山延暦寺を北嶺というのに対し,奈良の興福寺のこと。
  Comments:
They're a pair.
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1521380">北嶺・2</xref>
14. A 2021-11-15 16:04:00  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
don't see the relevance of that xref
  Diff:
@@ -19 +18,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1521380">北嶺・2</xref>
13. A 2021-11-14 10:38:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
12. A* 2021-11-13 20:10:04  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr: 奈良の興福寺。
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/興福寺
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kōfuku-ji
  Comments:
Kongōbu-ji is 金剛峯寺.
  Diff:
@@ -20 +20 @@
-<gloss>Kongōbu-ji</gloss>
+<gloss>Kōfuku-ji (Buddhist temple in Nara)</gloss>
11. A 2021-11-13 19:34:21  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2851512">北都</xref>
(show/hide 10 older log entries)

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jmdict 1521380 Active (id: 2158714)
北嶺
ほくれい
1. [n]
▶ Mount Hiei
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1460330 南山 2. Mount Kōya (esp. Kongōbu-ji)
2. [n]
▶ Enryaku-ji (Tendai monastery located on Mount Hiei)
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1460470 南都 2. Kōfuku-ji (Buddhist temple in Nara)



History:
8. A 2021-11-15 16:57:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr: ① 高野山を南山と呼ぶのに対し,比叡山(ひえいざん)の別名。
       ② 奈良の興福寺を南都と呼ぶのに対し,比叡山延暦寺の別名。
  Comments:
They're pairs. These aren't the original names.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1460330">南山・2</xref>
@@ -15,0 +17 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1460470">南都・2</xref>
7. A 2021-11-15 16:03:25  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't understand the relevance of the xrefs
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1460330">南山・1</xref>
@@ -17 +15,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1460470">南都・2</xref>
6. A 2021-11-15 16:02:02  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2021-11-14 15:37:38  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enryaku-ji
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>Mt. Hiei</gloss>
+<gloss>Mount Hiei</gloss>
@@ -18 +18 @@
-<gloss>Enryaku-ji</gloss>
+<gloss>Enryaku-ji (Tendai monastery located on Mount Hiei)</gloss>
4. A 2020-04-23 01:50:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Approving, but I'm also wondering if it should move to the names dictionary.
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1555700 Active (id: 2066029)

りん
1. [ctr]
▶ counter for wheels and flowers



History:
4. A 2020-04-24 01:13:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK. Dropping it.
  Diff:
@@ -14,5 +13,0 @@
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2801700">チャクラ</xref>
-<gloss>chakra</gloss>
-</sense>
3. A* 2020-04-23 02:19:01  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
the 輪 is used throughout that wikipedia page, but always as a counter or part of a compound with the exception of one case where it appears in quotation marks

even the digital dictionary of buddhism doesn't define it as chakra, except in the sense that it says 輪=wheel and wheel=chakra in sanskrit

i think this is correct, it's just a matter of whether it's worth recording.  i'm inclined to pass
2. A* 2020-04-23 00:59:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'm having trouble seeing there's a case for adding that sense. None of the kokugos I checked have it (and Koj has 8 senses). Daijr in its チャクラ entry has "輪の意", not 輪とも書く. The "輪(りん)と漢訳される" in the Wiki page could be referring to how it was marked up in kanbun. I think I'd need to see more solid evidence.
1. A* 2020-04-22 22:48:24  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/チャクラ
https://duckduckgo.com/?t=ffab&q=七輪&iax=images&ia=images
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2801700">チャクラ</xref>
+<gloss>chakra</gloss>
+</sense>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1557410 Active (id: 2161050)
励行厲行
れいこう
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ strict observance (of rules, regulations, etc.)
▶ strict adherence
▶ conscientious practice (of good habits, etc.)
▶ diligent execution (e.g. of duties)
▶ sticking to (e.g. a routine)

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2021-11-18 00:50:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
2. A 2020-04-24 01:14:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 20:35:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, koj, gg5, prog
  Comments:
Added kanji form and glosses.
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>厲行</keb>
@@ -13,2 +16,5 @@
-<gloss>strict enforcement</gloss>
-<gloss>carry out (regulations)</gloss>
+<gloss>strict observance (of rules, regulations, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>strict adherence</gloss>
+<gloss>conscientious practice (of good habits, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>diligent execution (e.g. of duties)</gloss>
+<gloss>sticking to (e.g. a routine)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1562610 Active (id: 2292509)
[ichi1,news1,nf04] [rK]
わく [ichi1,news1,nf04]
1. [n,n-suf]
▶ frame
▶ framework
2. [n,n-suf]
▶ border
▶ box
3. [n,n-suf]
▶ limit
▶ restriction
▶ quota
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1846090 枠外【わくがい】 1. (beyond the) limits; scope; boundary
4. [n,n-suf]
▶ category
▶ bracket
▶ class
5. [n,n-suf]
▶ time slot (in a broadcasting schedule)
6. [n,n-suf] [net-sl]
▶ stream
▶ livestream
▶ live stream
▶ live (online) broadcast
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2860274 歌枠 1. singing stream; karaoke stream
  ⇐ see: 2860452 枠乙【わくおつ】 1. thanks for streaming
  ⇐ see: 2860275 雑談枠【ざつだんわく】 1. chat stream; stream of idle talk
7. [n]
▶ spool (of thread)
▶ reel
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2844254 籰【わく】 1. spool (of thread); reel



History:
14. A 2024-02-24 19:30:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
13. A* 2024-02-24 14:56:24  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/livestream
livestream or live stream
  Comments:
Considering this is [sl], by the numbers "livestream" now exceeds "live stream" online (perhaps 2x), and has dictionary support.  Since this might legitimately come up in E->J searches, probably worth having multiple forms on this term in particular.

As an actual slang suffix, the bare word "stream" seems most likely to be applicable.  "streams" are practically live by definition, (barring "streaming of prerecorded content", which is more of an anomaly where these terms appear). 

"live (online) broadcast" might be better as an [expl]. 

歌枠 have grown in popularity, and probably has 100,000+ examples online. 

We don't need to have the xref I guess, but it does make the term far more comprehensible if you're just encountering 枠 from an unrelated sense. It's a term likely of interest to young Japanese learners.

On submission, noticed 歌枠 was used to create [6] back in 2021. As I found this term the exact same way, this seems like a good exemplar.
  Diff:
@@ -53,0 +54 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2860274">歌枠</xref>
@@ -54,0 +56,2 @@
+<gloss>stream</gloss>
+<gloss>livestream</gloss>
12. A 2022-06-06 01:31:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11. A* 2022-06-05 18:26:10  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
| 窓の枠     | 4,218 | 96.9% |
| 窓の框     |    51 |  1.2% |
| 窓のわく    |    82 |  1.9% |
|-ーーーーーーー-+-------+-------|
| 予算の枠    | 4,150 | 89.0% |
| 予算の框    |     0 |  0.0% |
| 予算のわく   |   515 | 11.0% |
|-ーーーーーーー-+-------+-------|
| 法律の枠    | 2,408 | 96.9% |
| 法律の框    |     0 |  0.0% |
| 法律のわく   |    77 |  3.1% |
|-ーーーーーーー-+-------+-------|
| 枠にはまった  | 1,811 | 98.9% |
| 框にはまった  |     0 |  0.0% |
| わくにはまった |    20 |  1.1% |
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
10. A 2021-03-05 16:36:27  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/生放送枠
https://twitter.com/kuraudo0123/status/1367076036328841220
https://twitter.com/whiteorchardcup/status/1366350639744184322
https://twitter.com/himarin_09/status/1365424765679194112
  Comments:
I think it should be a separate sense.
Nicopedia only mentions ニコニコ生放送 but it's clearly used to refer to live streams on other platforms as well.
  Diff:
@@ -48,4 +48,8 @@
-<gloss>(broadcasting) time slot in a TV channel, used for grouping programmes by genre</gloss>
-<gloss>stream (internet streaming)</gloss>
-<gloss>counter for online streams</gloss>
-<gloss>genre</gloss>
+<gloss>time slot (in a broadcasting schedule)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
+<misc>&net-sl;</misc>
+<gloss>live stream</gloss>
+<gloss>live (online) broadcast</gloss>
(show/hide 9 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1562780 Active (id: 2288519)
[ichi1,news2,nf34]
わん [ichi1,news2,nf34]
1. [n]
▶ bowl (wooden)
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1562840 碗 1. bowl (ceramic, porcelain)
  ⇐ see: 2149740 金椀【かなまり】 1. small metal bowl
  ⇐ see: 2858079 お椀【おわん】 1. bowl (wooden)
2. [ctr]
▶ counter for bowls of food or drink



History:
8. A 2024-01-13 00:40:27  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
I just noticed that sankoku mentions it as well. The 7th edition merges 碗 and 盌, but the 8th edition explains the differences in a note in its 椀 entry:
  陶磁器は「碗」、金属は「鋺」、小鉢は「盌」。
  Comments:
I'll propose that we add 盌 to our entry for 碗.
7. A 2024-01-13 00:28:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't really feel the need to revisit the 2013 decision to leave them split. 
I guess 盌 can be added somewhere as [oK] or [sK] if anyone has the energy.
6. A* 2024-01-12 07:28:15  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.kanjipedia.jp/kanji/0007432600
https://www.kanjipedia.jp/kanji/0007436100

Kanjipedia has 盌 as an itaiji of 碗 and doesn't mention 盌 in its entry for 椀
5. A* 2024-01-12 07:10:24  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
daijs 椀/×碗/×埦/×盌 all in the same entry , "wooden or ceramic"
not sure splitting them apart is worthwhile

came across 盌 here:抹茶盌
https://waran.co.jp/
  Diff:
@@ -18 +18 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1562840">碗・わん・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1562840">碗・1</xref>
4. A 2020-04-23 06:52:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1562840 Active (id: 2288531)
[rK] [sK]
わん
1. [n]
▶ bowl (ceramic, porcelain)
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1562780 椀 1. bowl (wooden)
  ⇐ see: 1002760 お碗【おわん】 1. bowl (ceramic, porcelain)
2. [ctr]
▶ counter for bowls of food or drink



History:
6. A 2024-01-13 09:41:42  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs
  Comments:
first hit is ...埦は素焼きのものを指す...
so I guess this one should go here as well.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>埦</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5. A* 2024-01-13 00:42:10  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
See comments on entry 1562780

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ー─┬─────────╮
│ 碗 │ 312,027 │
│ 盌 │     565 │ - add, rK (sankoku, daijr, kanjipedia; not a kyūji)
╰─ー─┴─────────╯
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>盌</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -12 +16 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1562780">椀・わん・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1562780">椀・1</xref>
4. A 2020-04-23 06:50:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-23 06:32:59  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, daijs, nikk (you know where to look them up)
aozora: https://furigana.info/w/碗:わん
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16,4 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&ctr;</pos>
+<gloss>counter for bowls of food or drink</gloss>
+</sense>
2. A 2013-12-16 08:16:53  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
i'd say merge with a note
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1586220 Active (id: 2065942)
空き巣 [spec2,news2,nf34] 空巣明き巣
あきす [spec2,news2,nf34]
1. [n]
▶ empty nest
2. [n]
▶ empty house
▶ empty home
3. [n] [abbr]
▶ burglary (of an empty house)
▶ burglar (who targets empty houses)
▶ sneak thief
▶ prowler
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1245330 空き巣狙い 1. burglary (of an empty house); burglar (who targets empty houses); sneak thief; prowler
  ⇐ see: 2858953 居空き【いあき】 1. burglary (while occupants are present); burglar (of a house where occupants are present)



History:
10. A 2020-04-23 04:19:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
9. A* 2020-04-23 01:54:40  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
shinmeikai, meikyo
  Comments:
honestly, i get that the third sense is more common, but at least historically we have tried to avoid listing abbreviated meanings before the original unabbreviated ones.  to me, this listing of senses makes far, far more sense when looking at the entry and trying to figure it out.  the user should be able to figure out when it means burglary and when not

this just seems like better practice for a dictionary
  Diff:
@@ -23,0 +24,9 @@
+<gloss>empty nest</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>empty house</gloss>
+<gloss>empty home</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -31,8 +39,0 @@
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>empty nest</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>empty house</gloss>
-</sense>
8. A* 2020-04-19 01:19:39  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
"空き巣の侵入を防ぐには"
native informant reads this as sense 3.
On "latest" on twitter I agree sense 1 is 
more common, though I see some sense 3 
tweets as well. Yeah, I don't know either. 
The entry might be more pedagogic with 
"empty house" first, but 
"burglary/burglar" do seem more common 
online.
7. A* 2020-04-16 15:00:31  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I find that very surprising given the JEs example sentences and top results online. From the first page of Google results: "空き巣の手口を具体的に紹介", "空き巣の侵入を防ぐには", "空き巣対策", "空き巣被害には遭いたくないものですが", "空き巣がどのようにして住居に侵入するか".
Twitter is the same. Virtually all the tweets I skimmed over were sense 1.
6. A* 2020-04-16 00:15:13  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
2 native speakers (Kyushu, Osaka) 
initially agreed that 空き巣 does NOT refer 
to the burglar and not to the burglary - 
but when given example sentences relented. 
i think thisis a sign "empty house" should 
come first.
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1586850 Active (id: 2222094)
或いは [ichi1] 或るいは [sK]
あるいは [ichi1]
1. [conj] [uk]
▶ or
▶ either ... or
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2835707 或は【あるは】 2. or; either ... or
2. [adv] [uk]
▶ maybe
▶ perhaps
▶ possibly
3. [adv] [uk]
《as あるいは...あるいは...》
▶ some ... and others ...
▶ sometimes ... and at other times ...
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2835707 或は【あるは】 1. some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...



History:
8. A 2023-02-17 07:16:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2023-02-17 06:04:11  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬────────────┬───────╮
│ 或いは  │  1,366,524 │  7.6% │
│ 或るいは │      2,645 │  0.0% │ - io to sK
│ あるいは │ 16,694,308 │ 92.4% │
╰─ーーーー─┴────────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6. A 2020-04-24 01:15:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2020-04-23 23:01:46  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
  Comments:
I think this is clearer for sense 3.
  Diff:
@@ -32,2 +32,3 @@
-<gloss>sometimes</gloss>
-<gloss>some</gloss>
+<s_inf>as あるいは...あるいは...</s_inf>
+<gloss>some ... and others ...</gloss>
+<gloss>sometimes ... and at other times ...</gloss>
4. A 2018-05-23 01:57:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1591100 Active (id: 2068018)
効く [ichi1] 利く [ichi1]
きく [ichi1]
1. [v5k,vi]
《usu. 効く》
▶ to be effective
▶ to take effect
▶ to be good (for)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2211060 薬が効く 1. to have medicine be effective
2. [v5k,vi]
《usu. 利く for body senses, functions, etc.》
▶ to work
▶ to function well
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1911780 目が利く 1. to have an eye for
3. [v5k,vi]
▶ to be possible (to do, use, etc.)
▶ to be able to
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2211050 割引が効く 1. to be able to get a (type of) discount
  ⇐ see: 2773310 自由がきかない【じゆうがきかない】 1. restricted; confined; unfree
4. [v5k,vt]
▶ to taste (alcohol)
▶ to try
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1591110 聞く 8. to taste (alcohol); to try

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2020-05-08 05:51:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I've extended the note to reflect that. Almost all the examples one sees for that sense are fo body things.
  Diff:
@@ -29 +29 @@
-<s_inf>usu. 利く</s_inf>
+<s_inf>usu. 利く for body senses, functions, etc.</s_inf>
4. A* 2020-04-24 17:31:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
目が利く	        2493
目が効いた	132
鼻が利く	        8223
鼻が効く	        1189
ブレーキが利かない	3585
ブレーキが効かない	6142
酸味の利いた	8846
酸味の効いた	15352
パンチの利いた	2424
パンチの効いた	53001
  Comments:
効く actually appears to be more common for sense 2 except when it's referring to senses of the body.
3. A* 2020-04-23 12:08:33  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc. (uses 効く in examples for sense 1 and 利く for sense 2.
  Comments:
Also see comments on  2829405.
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<s_inf>usu. 効く</s_inf>
@@ -27,0 +29 @@
+<s_inf>usu. 利く</s_inf>
2. A 2020-03-08 02:10:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-03-07 23:56:28  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s, gg5
  Diff:
@@ -21 +21,2 @@
-<gloss>to show effect</gloss>
+<gloss>to take effect</gloss>
+<gloss>to be good (for)</gloss>
@@ -27,2 +28,2 @@
-<gloss>to do its work</gloss>
-<gloss>to carry out its function well</gloss>
+<gloss>to work</gloss>
+<gloss>to function well</gloss>
@@ -34 +35,9 @@
-<gloss>to be possible to use</gloss>
+<gloss>to be possible (to do, use, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to be able to</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5k;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1591110">聞く・8</xref>
+<gloss>to taste (alcohol)</gloss>
+<gloss>to try</gloss>

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jmdict 1606150 Active (id: 2213845)
世論 [ichi1,news1,nf02] 輿論 [rK]
よろん [ichi1,news1,nf02] せろん (世論) [ichi1] せいろん (世論)
1. [n]
▶ public opinion
▶ popular voice
▶ public sentiment
▶ consensus



History:
13. A 2022-11-17 10:55:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
せろん is in the Ichiman list (along with よろん). GG5, 中辞典, etc. have both, but most JEs point the せろん entry to よろん.
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23 @@
+<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri>
12. A* 2022-11-17 10:20:56  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
せろん is by no means a common reading.
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@
+<re_pri>news1</re_pri>
+<re_pri>nf02</re_pri>
@@ -21,3 +22,0 @@
-<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri>
-<re_pri>news1</re_pri>
-<re_pri>nf02</re_pri>
11. A 2022-11-17 04:33:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2022-11-16 22:22:56  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 世論   │ 1,428,563 │ 99.1% │
│ 輿論   │    13,500 │  0.9% │ 🡠 rK (daijr/s, koj, etc.)
│ よろん  │    11,018 │  N/A  │
│ せろん  │     2,194 │  N/A  │
│ せいろん │     6,473 │  N/A  │
╰─ーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
9. A 2020-04-24 01:23:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Agree.
  Diff:
@@ -12,4 +11,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>與論</keb>
-<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 1661190 Deleted (id: 2105208)
泰山岱山太山
たいざん
1. [n]
▶ large mountain



History:
6. D 2021-06-13 07:23:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think we can now (you meant with 1785260, I suspect.)
5. A* 2021-06-12 06:54:38  dine
  Comments:
can we now merge with 1661190?
4. A 2020-05-31 23:00:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Answering my own question: yes.
  Diff:
@@ -20,6 +19,0 @@
-<sense>
-<pos>&n-pr;</pos>
-<s_inf>orig. meaning</s_inf>
-<gloss>Mount Tai (China)</gloss>
-<gloss>Taishan</gloss>
-</sense>
3. A 2020-04-23 01:53:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Sense 2 to the names dictionary?
2. A* 2020-04-23 01:31:21  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
i think it can be argued that 太山 belongs in both entries without merging because Taishan appears to be the original meaning for this but not the other entry
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>太山</keb>
@@ -18,0 +22 @@
+<s_inf>orig. meaning</s_inf>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1785260 Active (id: 2105207)
大山 [news1,nf09] 泰山太山岱山
たいざん [news1,nf09]
1. [n]
▶ great mountain
▶ large mountain



History:
5. A 2021-06-13 07:20:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
泰山	64681
岱山	5248
太山	9326
大山	1447064
GG5, etc.
  Comments:
Merging 1661190. See comment there.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@
+<keb>泰山</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -10,0 +14,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>岱山</keb>
@@ -19,0 +26 @@
+<gloss>large mountain</gloss>
4. A 2020-04-23 01:52:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-23 01:34:15  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij
  Comments:
the original ref doesn't have だいせん meaning great mountain.  it's alternate kanji for 大仙
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>太山</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -13,3 +15,0 @@
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>だいせん</reb>
2. A 2018-10-15 12:39:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2018-10-15 12:18:50 
  Refs:
https://mainichi.jp/articles/20181015/k00/00e/040/220000c
  Comments:
大山(だいせん)古墳」
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>だいせん</reb>
+</r_ele>

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jmdict 1853930 Active (id: 2065902)
須弥山
しゅみせんすみせん
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ Mount Sumeru (believed to be the centre of the Buddhist world)



History:
6. A 2020-04-23 00:59:13  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
i'll take a look, but they don't necessarily have to be standardized.  we don't privilege one form of english over another, so the best approach may be using whatever the predominant form is.  E.g., "Mt." for American ones, "Mt" for British ones.  or to have both.
5. A* 2020-04-17 11:31:58 
  Comments:
There's 7 entries that begin with "Mt. ", 1 that begins with "Mt ". These should probably be harmonized one way or the other.
4. A 2020-04-17 10:34:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'd use "Mt" - the period is AmE.
3. A* 2020-04-17 07:20:47 
  Comments:
or "mt."
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<gloss>Mt Sumeru (believed to be the centre of the Buddhist world)</gloss>
+<gloss>Mount Sumeru (believed to be the centre of the Buddhist world)</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-17 05:10:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5, ルミナス
  Comments:
Trimming.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>すみせん</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -13 +16 @@
-<gloss>Mt Sumeru (said to be the highest mountain rising in the center of the world)</gloss>
+<gloss>Mt Sumeru (believed to be the centre of the Buddhist world)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1875780 Active (id: 2083979)
高野聖
こうやひじり
1. [n]
▶ Mount Kōya missionary (usu. low-ranking monk)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2262400 聖【ひじり】 4. Buddhist missionary
  ⇐ see: 2846901 高野笠【こうやがさ】 1. conical hat worn by Mount Koya missionaries (Edo period)
2. [n] [uk]
▶ Lethocerus deyrollei (species of giant water bug)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2262410 田鼈 1. Lethocerus deyrollei (species of giant water bug)



History:
4. A 2020-10-12 02:11:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-10-11 22:42:36 
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Mount Kōya missionary (usu. low-ranking monks)</gloss>
+<gloss>Mount Kōya missionary (usu. low-ranking monk)</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-23 01:54:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 01:01:26  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
as i recall, i've almost always seen this with the word fully spelled out.  given that we probably only need one spelling for this gloss, i'd suggest this one
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Mt. Koya missionary (usu. low-ranking monks)</gloss>
+<gloss>Mount Kōya missionary (usu. low-ranking monks)</gloss>

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jmdict 1916880 Active (id: 2066176)
郎君
ろうくん
1. [n] [hon,obs]
▶ young man
▶ boy
▶ son (of one's master, employer, etc.)
2. [n] [obs]
《usu. as a term of address》
▶ husband
▶ (male) lover
▶ dear
▶ darling



History:
4. A 2020-04-25 11:11:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-25 10:01:21  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr: 年若い男子を敬っていう語。
daijs: 年若く身分の高い男子や主家の息子などを敬っていう語。
  Diff:
@@ -12,3 +12,5 @@
-<misc>&obsc;</misc>
-<gloss>young lord</gloss>
-<gloss>young nobleman</gloss>
+<misc>&hon;</misc>
+<misc>&obs;</misc>
+<gloss>young man</gloss>
+<gloss>boy</gloss>
+<gloss>son (of one's master, employer, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -18,2 +20,2 @@
-<misc>&obsc;</misc>
-<s_inf>usu. addressed by women</s_inf>
+<misc>&obs;</misc>
+<s_inf>usu. as a term of address</s_inf>
@@ -21,0 +24,2 @@
+<gloss>dear</gloss>
+<gloss>darling</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-24 00:50:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr's gloss is rather different.
1. A* 2020-04-23 15:11:32  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/郎君-662556
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16,7 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&obsc;</misc>
+<s_inf>usu. addressed by women</s_inf>
+<gloss>husband</gloss>
+<gloss>(male) lover</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1917550 Deleted (id: 2065944)
私もまた
わたしもまた
1. [exp]
▶ I also
▶ me too



History:
5. D 2020-04-23 04:21:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
4. A* 2020-04-23 01:56:22  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
yeah, nuke it.  it's from the junk range
3. A* 2020-04-21 20:16:25  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
私もまた	        147705	  
私もまた遊びに	15437	    
私もまたお邪魔	6590	  
私もまた行きたい	6101
  Comments:
I'm not sure this entry is very helpful. また can either mean "again" (as in the examples above) or "also", and these glosses only cover the latter.
Also, it's compositional; 私 can be replaced by any pronoun.
I'm in favour of dropping it. I've expanded the また entry so that it's easier to break down an expression like this.
  Diff:
@@ -6,3 +5,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>私も亦</keb>
@@ -14,0 +12 @@
+<gloss>I also</gloss>
@@ -16 +13,0 @@
-<gloss>I also</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-19 12:23:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
私も亦	239
私もまた	147705
わたしもまた	10345
GG5 & Eijiro examples.
  Comments:
Maybe keep it.
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>私もまた</keb>
+</k_ele>
1. D* 2020-04-19 07:00:37  Alan Cheng <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
私も亦	239
私も又	5048
私もまた	147705
  Comments:
Do we need this?

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jmdict 2018300 Active (id: 2185739)
可からざる [rK] 可らざる [rK]
べからざる
1. [exp] [form,uk]
▶ cannot
▶ must not
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1190720 【べからず】 2. cannot



History:
7. A 2022-05-05 15:07:15  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1190720">べからず・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1190720">べからず・2</xref>
+<misc>&form;</misc>
6. A 2022-05-04 00:41:25  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -17,2 +17,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1190720">可からず</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1190720">可からず・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1190720">べからず</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1190720">べからず・1</xref>
5. A 2022-05-02 22:48:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2022-05-02 21:40:42  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
  2,211	  2.0%	可からざる
  1,331	  1.2%	可らざる
105,743	 96.8%	べからざる
  Comments:
[v5r]?

There are a very small amount of n-gram hits for 可からざれば and
べからざれば, but otherwise it doesn't seem like this is ever
used inflected.
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -8,0 +10 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
3. A 2020-04-23 11:26:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
可からざる	2211
可らざる	1331
べからざる	105743
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2068330 Active (id: 2065955)
事故る
じこる
1. [v5r,vi] [col]
▶ to have an accident (esp. traffic accident)
▶ to cause an accident

Conjugations


History:
14. A 2020-04-23 06:07:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The glossing works fine when there's a verb in the dictionary to work on. I have a work-around involving a spcial glossing-only file for odd-balls. I've put ジコる in there.
  Diff:
@@ -9,4 +8,0 @@
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>ジコる</reb>
-<re_nokanji/>
13. A* 2020-04-22 06:00:48  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
That sounds like an issue with the text-glossing systems to me. These systems will supposedly also miss things like ハシった, アタった, ツブし
た, ツブれた, all which have been in about as many tweets as ジコった the past week. I don't have any issue including katakana forms like this 
when they're reasonably common (a case could certainly be made for adding コケる to 転ける, for example), but when we're looking at a 
supposedly more slang-y form of the word and even the usage on twitter is less than 1% of the more common form, I don't think there's any 
real case for adding it.
12. A* 2020-04-22 01:45:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
It's a bit more than that. One of the roles of our entries is to enable text-glossing systems such as Rikai* and the WWWJDIC function. If I put some text from an example of usage of ジコる into the latter (猛スピードを出してジコった。) it matches on ジコチュー, which is quite wrong.
I realise there are heaps of things which get katakanaized, and we can't put them all in, but I don't have a problem with these 体言+る versions if they have some currency. ジコる is marginal, as I said at the beginning, but I think it just gets over the line.
11. A* 2020-04-22 01:18:27  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Twitter:
事故った 8 tweets past 30 minutes
ジコった 3 tweets _the past week_
I get around the same amount of hits for ハシった (i.e. 走った)
I don't think adittions like this should be waved in with "it's harmless". I don't think it's harmless. It's clutter and it's misleading.
10. A 2020-04-22 01:09:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KM n-grams (3 years older than Google's)
事故る	1817
じこる	3
ジコる	8
https://osaka-kyoiku.ac.jp/_file/gakusei/kikaku/gakudayori/166/campus_kotoba.pdf <- list of 体言+る words.
  Comments:
It's "out there", but it seems not to be in large quantities. Harmless, though.
We have quite a few listed on that page, e.g.デコる.
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ジコる</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
(show/hide 9 older log entries)

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jmdict 2165840 Active (id: 2065916)
サブプライム融資
サブプライムゆうし
1. [n]
▶ subprime financing



History:
5. A 2020-04-23 01:42:47  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2020-04-20 12:21:34 
  Refs:
not sure this needs to be an entry. 
サブプライムローン	97282
サブプライム融資	5362
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12 @@
-<gloss>subprime lending in the housing mortgage market</gloss>
-<gloss>housing loans to low-income, high-risk consumers</gloss>
+<gloss>subprime financing</gloss>
3. A 2020-04-20 01:49:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2020-04-20 00:05:55  Opencooper
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>subprime lending in housing mortage market</gloss>
+<gloss>subprime lending in the housing mortgage market</gloss>
1. A 2007-05-06 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2173630 Active (id: 2180503)

なれど
1. [conj] [form]
▶ but
▶ however
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2853889 けれど 1. but; however; although



History:
4. A 2022-03-05 05:58:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -9,4 +9 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1004200">けれど</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1004200">けれど</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1004200">けれど</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1004200">けれど</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2853889">けれど</xref>
3. A 2020-04-24 04:03:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5
  Comments:
Since it's in fairly modern references I suspect this is more relevant.
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<misc>&arch;</misc>
+<misc>&litf;</misc>
2. A* 2020-04-23 08:15:32  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gakken: 〔文語・文章語〕
not in meikyo or smk
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
1. A 2007-05-30 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2226060 Active (id: 2066002)
怖いもの見たさ恐いもの見たさ怖い物見たさ恐い物見たさ
こわいものみたさ
1. [exp,n]
▶ curiosity of fear
▶ urge to look at something frightening
▶ wanting to take a peek at something unpleasant



History:
11. A 2020-04-23 20:53:40  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Thanks. I should have been more careful...
10. A* 2020-04-23 15:54:01 
  Diff:
@@ -23,2 +23,2 @@
-<gloss>urge to look at something frighting</gloss>
-<gloss>wanting to take a peak at something unpleasant</gloss>
+<gloss>urge to look at something frightening</gloss>
+<gloss>wanting to take a peek at something unpleasant</gloss>
9. A 2020-04-21 23:43:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2020-04-21 23:30:19  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
It doesn't refer to the act of looking. I don't think we should have "rubbernecking" as a gloss.
  Diff:
@@ -22 +21,0 @@
-<gloss>looking at something scary</gloss>
@@ -24 +23,2 @@
-<gloss>rubbernecking</gloss>
+<gloss>urge to look at something frighting</gloss>
+<gloss>wanting to take a peak at something unpleasant</gloss>
7. A* 2020-04-21 00:51:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: the attraction of the fearful; the urge to be frightened; the curiosity of fear. (Example: 怖いもの見たさにちょっとのぞいてみた. Curiosity 「overcame [was stronger than] fear, and I took a look.)
Daijr: こわいものは、かえって好奇心を刺激されて見たくなるということ。
  Comments:
That previous "the thrill of looking at something scary or unpleasant and wanting to look at it all the more because it is scary or unpleasant" certainly matched what the references are saying, in a way that is missing from simple "rubbernecking" which loses the scary/frightening aspect.
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21,3 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>looking at something scary</gloss>
+<gloss>curiosity of fear</gloss>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 2264270 Active (id: 2066045)

ねば
1. [exp]
《after the -nai stem of a verb》
▶ if not ...
▶ unless ...
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2264280 にゃ 1. if not ...; unless ...



History:
6. A 2020-04-24 04:19:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
5. A* 2020-04-23 22:55:37  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think the x-ref or the "negative conditional" part of the note is necessary here.
  Diff:
@@ -9,2 +9 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1632350">ねばならない</xref>
-<s_inf>negative conditional; after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf>
+<s_inf>after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf>
@@ -11,0 +11 @@
+<gloss>unless ...</gloss>
4. A 2020-01-20 21:49:42  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<s_inf>negative conditional; after the nai-stem of a verb</s_inf>
+<s_inf>negative conditional; after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf>
3. A* 2020-01-19 16:30:16 
  Comments:
This expressions usually seems to show up after a nai-stem.
  Diff:
@@ -10,2 +10 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1632350">ねばならない</xref>
-<s_inf>negative conditional</s_inf>
+<s_inf>negative conditional; after the nai-stem of a verb</s_inf>
2. A 2013-05-19 21:55:24  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
-> note
  Diff:
@@ -10,1 +10,2 @@
-<gloss>if not ... (negative conditional)</gloss>
+<s_inf>negative conditional</s_inf>
+<gloss>if not ...</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2264280 Active (id: 2066008)

にゃにゃあ
1. [exp] [col]
《after neg. verb stem》
▶ if not ...
▶ unless ...
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2264270 ねば 1. if not ...; unless ...
2. [exp] [col]
《after neg. verb stem; at sentence end》
▶ have to (do)
3. [exp] [col]
▶ to
▶ for
▶ on
▶ in
▶ at
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2215430 には 1. to; for; on; in; at



History:
4. A 2020-04-23 21:41:33  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>unless ...</gloss>
3. A 2020-04-23 00:56:17  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2020-04-22 23:12:25  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, shinmeikai
  Comments:
Added sense.
Moved にゃあ to readings field. It apples to all the senses.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>にゃあ</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -10,2 +13,9 @@
-<s_inf>also にゃあ</s_inf>
-<gloss>if not ... (negative conditional)</gloss>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<s_inf>after neg. verb stem</s_inf>
+<gloss>if not ...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<s_inf>after neg. verb stem; at sentence end</s_inf>
+<gloss>have to (do)</gloss>
@@ -16,2 +26,6 @@
-<gloss>for (in regard to)</gloss>
-<gloss>in order to</gloss>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<gloss>to</gloss>
+<gloss>for</gloss>
+<gloss>on</gloss>
+<gloss>in</gloss>
+<gloss>at</gloss>
1. A 2008-04-01 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2713960 Active (id: 2066206)

ども
1. [prt]
《after the -ba stem of a verb》
▶ but
▶ however
2. [prt]
▶ even though
▶ even if
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2264460 ても 1. even if; even though



History:
5. A 2020-04-25 22:19:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2020-04-23 08:30:11  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/ども-584978
  Comments:
"-ba stem" is a better term than 已然形; I should have used it on ど
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,6 @@
+<s_inf>after the -ba stem of a verb</s_inf>
+<gloss>but</gloss>
+<gloss>however</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
@@ -10 +15,0 @@
-<s_inf>after the -ba stem of a verb</s_inf>
3. A 2012-05-18 06:03:29  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -10,1 +10,2 @@
-<gloss>even though (after -e form of verbs)</gloss>
+<s_inf>after the -ba stem of a verb</s_inf>
+<gloss>even though</gloss>
2. A 2012-05-18 06:02:06  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-05-17 12:12:33  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 daijr koj
  Comments:
Read in class, as あれども – equiv. to あっても
Seems a bit old-fashioned or literary.

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jmdict 2721340 Active (id: 2074861)
全否定
ぜんひてい
1. [n,vs]
▶ complete denial
▶ complete disavowal
▶ total negation

Conjugations


History:
6. A 2020-07-12 07:44:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I should read these things more closely.
5. A* 2020-07-12 07:06:40  Opencooper
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>complete disawoval</gloss>
+<gloss>complete disavowal</gloss>
4. A 2020-04-23 21:16:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD追加語彙, ルミナス
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>total negation</gloss>
3. A* 2020-04-23 13:54:02 
  Comments:
Fauci and Trump's thing in the news.
Trump: it might not come back at all!
Fauci: I'm sure it will come back
Japanese TV called this Fauci's 全否定 of Trump.
I don't think "denial" fits exactly in this context.
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>complete disawoval</gloss>
2. A 2012-06-06 20:30:52  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2759370 Active (id: 2184275)

ウィニペグウイニペグ [ik]
1. [n]
▶ Winnipeg (Canada)



History:
5. A 2022-04-25 08:04:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ウィニペグ	10526
ウイニペグ	570
  Comments:
5%
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ウイニペグ</reb>
+<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
4. A 2020-04-23 20:44:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-23 16:33:36  Guillem Palau-Salvà
  Comments:
Not obvious, I had to search for it
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<gloss>Winnipeg</gloss>
+<gloss>Winnipeg (Canada)</gloss>
2. A 2012-12-09 11:57:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Already in enamdict.
1. A* 2012-12-08 16:52:50  winnie <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ウィニペグ

http://ameblo.jp/geeeees/
  Comments:
Capitol of Manitoba province in Canada.

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jmdict 2787430 Active (id: 2065926)
尚氏
しょうし
1. [n]
▶ Shō clan (royal family of the Ryukyu Kingdom)



History:
6. A 2020-04-23 01:54:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2020-04-23 01:46:19  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think this is better as a clarification rather than an expl.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shō clan</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">royal family of the Ryukyu Kingdom</gloss>
+<gloss>Shō clan (royal family of the Ryukyu Kingdom)</gloss>
4. A 2020-04-22 06:39:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-22 05:48:35  Opencooper
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Sho clan</gloss>
+<gloss>Shō clan</gloss>
2. A 2013-05-25 03:03:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think it can stay here.
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2825956 Active (id: 2066207)

なれば
1. [conj] [arch]
▶ because ...
▶ since ...



History:
5. A 2020-04-25 22:21:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2020-04-23 06:49:03  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/なれば-590270
  Diff:
@@ -9,2 +9,3 @@
-<gloss>because...</gloss>
-<gloss>since...</gloss>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
+<gloss>because ...</gloss>
+<gloss>since ...</gloss>
3. A 2014-11-11 05:17:28  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij, etc.
  Comments:
conj
  Diff:
@@ -8,3 +8,3 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
-<gloss>because it is</gloss>
-<gloss>since it is</gloss>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<gloss>because...</gloss>
+<gloss>since...</gloss>
2. A* 2014-11-10 23:58:26  Curtis Naito <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
1. A* 2014-11-10 23:47:35  Curtis Naito <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
GG5

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jmdict 2829405 Active (id: 2088926)
口がきけない口が利けない口が聞けない [iK]
くちがきけない
1. [adj-i,exp]
▶ unable to speak
▶ inarticulate
▶ mute
▶ speechless
▶ tongue-tied
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2086150 口をきく 1. to speak; to talk

Conjugations


History:
9. A 2020-11-28 23:51:41  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Comments:
"dumb" is dated/offensive. I think it's best left out.
  Diff:
@@ -24 +23,0 @@
-<gloss>dumb</gloss>
@@ -25,0 +25 @@
+<gloss>tongue-tied</gloss>
8. A* 2020-11-28 07:24:32 
  Diff:
@@ -20 +20 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1591100">利く・2</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2086150">口をきく・1</xref>
7. A 2020-11-28 01:07:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Not sure "dumbstruck" works that well here.
  Diff:
@@ -21,0 +22 @@
+<gloss>inarticulate</gloss>
@@ -24 +24,0 @@
-<gloss>inarticulate</gloss>
@@ -26 +25,0 @@
-<gloss>dumbstruck</gloss>
6. A* 2020-11-26 13:58:20 
  Refs:
https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=口が利けない
  Diff:
@@ -21,0 +22,2 @@
+<gloss>mute</gloss>
+<gloss>dumb</gloss>
@@ -22,0 +25,2 @@
+<gloss>speechless</gloss>
+<gloss>dumbstruck</gloss>
5. A 2020-04-25 22:33:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Can be closed. See 1591100.
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 2832616 Active (id: 2065980)
求知心
きゅうちしん
1. [n]
▶ heart seeking knowledge
▶ thirst for knowledge



History:
4. A 2020-04-23 11:27:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-04-23 08:48:18  Opencooper
  Refs:
nikk: 「知識欲」
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>thirst for knowledge</gloss>
2. A 2017-06-30 11:51:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Koj, Daijr.
  Comments:
Not literally, I presume.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>a heart that seeks knowledge</gloss>
+<gloss>heart seeking knowledge</gloss>
1. A* 2017-06-30 11:38:43  Annamaria
  Refs:
https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/55267/meaning/m0u/

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jmdict 2843978 Active (id: 2065895)

グリーンプラグリーン・プラ
1. [n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "green pla(stic)"
▶ biodegradable plastic
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2567970 生分解性プラスチック 1. biodegradable plastic



History:
8. A 2020-04-23 00:51:15  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gakken katakana
グリーン・プラ
[語源] green plastics [和製]
生分解性プラスチック.微生物によって水と炭酸ガスに分解されるため,使用後は土や肥料にすることができる.
  Comments:
gakken katakana dictionary explicitly calls it 和製, and as per Jim's examples, this is consistent with our style

if you are feeling confused as an uninitiated member, the advice since the dawn of the internet has always been "lurk more".
https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=lurk more

don't remove things without a reference.  if you're arguing that we're being inconsistent, then give explicit examples as references (as Jim did)

if you post using a name and provide references for your submissions, you'll find us rather welcoming so long as you avoid lobbing insults.  with the exception of Jim, the entire editorial team was assembled literally by welcoming contributors.
7. A* 2020-04-04 05:06:16 
  Refs:
The absolute majority of the ハラ (harassment) entries are not tagged as wasei. And while the obscure パ_ス_コン might be, パ_ソ_コン is not. I'm also 100% sure I've seen this mentioned in the comments of a similar entry where the consensus was that words that contain gairaigo abbreviations that aren't themselves used in English should not be marked as wasei, and I'm pretty sure I saw you, Jim, participate in that discussion too. I'm pointing out this inconsistency for the sake of the dictionary, not because I have anything to gain from it, and the sort of overbearing attitude on display here is very unbecoming. I think this is a bigger issue for jmdict, how non-editors are more often than not treated like unwelcome riff-raff. I see disparaging comments directed towards Nicolas Maia all the time, for example, and it just makes me shake my head. I also don't get why it seems to provoke you guys so much that people many times submit entries without references. It's almost as if you don't want the project to grow. Do you want the dictionary to be as complete as possible or not?

I get the editing team consists of a bunch of grumpy middle-aged to old men doing this in their spare time, but you might want to think about how this comes across to the uninitiated. I'm 100% sure you would have many more people participating in a positive way if you worked on being more welcoming. (and the dictionary would both be more complete and its entries of a higher standard too)
6. A 2020-04-04 03:44:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Look at: パスコン, メットイン, アカハラ, エアロバイク, アジビラ, ....
5. A* 2020-04-04 00:03:20 
  Comments:
The dictionary style (in other similar 
entries) is to not mark words that include 
abbreviations as wasei. Marking this as 
wasei is inconsistent.
4. A 2020-04-03 19:51:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Hardly necessary
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<lsource ls_wasei="y">green pla(stic)</lsource>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2844067 Active (id: 2074665)
伝助賭博デンスケ賭博
でんすけとばく (伝助賭博)デンスケとばく (デンスケ賭博)
1. [n]
▶ deceptive betting game (such as the shell game)
▶ street fraud
▶ trickery
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2844052 伝助【でんすけ】 1. roulette-like street gambling
2. [n] [hist]
▶ densuke
▶ [expl] roulette-like deceptive street gambling



History:
7. A 2020-07-10 11:25:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
You've convinced me to leave it all out.
  Diff:
@@ -27 +26,0 @@
-<s_inf>orig. meaning; supp. named after a detective Densuke Masuda who led arrests of densuke scammers in the 1930's</s_inf>
6. A* 2020-07-08 07:16:42  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
How's this?
  Diff:
@@ -20,2 +20,3 @@
-<misc>&hist;</misc>
-<gloss>roulette-like street gambling</gloss>
+<gloss>deceptive betting game (such as the shell game)</gloss>
+<gloss>street fraud</gloss>
+<gloss>trickery</gloss>
@@ -26,3 +27,3 @@
-<gloss>street fraud</gloss>
-<gloss>trickery</gloss>
-<gloss>deception</gloss>
+<s_inf>orig. meaning; supp. named after a detective Densuke Masuda who led arrests of densuke scammers in the 1930's</s_inf>
+<gloss>densuke</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">roulette-like deceptive street gambling</gloss>
5. A* 2020-07-08 03:28:30  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
How about something like "supp. named after a 1930's detective by the name of Densuke" then?
4. A 2020-07-08 02:28:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I thought it was interesting/useful.
3. A* 2020-07-08 00:51:51  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
伝助	27098
伝助賭博	27
デンスケ	15975
デンスケ賭博	86

Saw on (photo not available on the web of) 
a sign, 
"「デンスケ(いかさま)賭博・コーチ屋」
などの被害が多発しています
ご注意ください"
  Comments:
I don't think that etym note is helpful, 
raises more questions than it answers.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>デンスケ賭博</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12,5 @@
+<re_restr>伝助賭博</re_restr>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>デンスケとばく</reb>
+<re_restr>デンスケ賭博</re_restr>
@@ -13 +20,0 @@
-<s_inf>named after Detective Densuke</s_inf>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2844093 Deleted (id: 2065941)
危ういところ危うい所
あやういところ
1. [exp,n]
《often 〜で》
▶ close call
▶ narrow margin
▶ skin of one's teeth



History:
6. D 2020-04-23 04:13:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The changes to 危うい probably cover it. I'll drop it now.
5. A* 2020-04-23 02:11:53  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
yeah, i find this entry a little sketchy
4. A* 2020-04-21 19:50:32  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr ex.: 危ういところを助けられる
危ういところを	2337
危ないところ	56356
  Comments:
While those translations are fine in the context of a complete sentence, I don't think they're quite right for 危ういところ on its own. It means something like "dangerous situation".
It's easier to translate with the で included. But there's also "危ういところを" (as in daijr's example).
I note that we don't have an entry for 危ないところ(で), which is even more common. 
I've made an amendment to the 危うい entry and selected a couple of helpful example sentences. I think that should be sufficient.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +15,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1218360">危うい・あやうい・4</xref>
3. A* 2020-04-14 07:23:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 example, 3 Tanaka sentences,
危ういところで	4967
危うい所で	658
あやうい所で	44
あやういところで	585
危ういところ	13428
危うい所	4199
あやうい所	125
あやういところ	1861
  Comments:
I wonder. It's not the most common sense of 危うい, so I could imagine learners being confused by it.
If it goes in I suggest just 危ういところ as it's 3 times more common.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5,4 @@
-<keb>危ういところで</keb>
+<keb>危ういところ</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>危うい所</keb>
@@ -8 +11 @@
-<reb>あやういところで</reb>
+<reb>あやういところ</reb>
@@ -12 +15,3 @@
-<gloss>(avoiding an unfortunate fate) by inches</gloss>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1218360">危うい・あやうい・4</xref>
+<s_inf>often 〜で</s_inf>
@@ -14,4 +19,2 @@
-<gloss>by a narrow margin</gloss>
-<gloss>by the skin of one's teeth</gloss>
-<gloss>narrow escape</gloss>
-<gloss>in the nick of time</gloss>
+<gloss>narrow margin</gloss>
+<gloss>skin of one's teeth</gloss>
2. A* 2020-04-11 22:29:21  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think this is too compositional.
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2844117 Rejected (id: 2065893)

ノンフィクションライター
1. [n]
▶ non-fiction writer

History:
5. R 2020-04-23 00:42:08  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ノンフィクションの作家 80 ngrams
ノンフィクションのライター	No matches
  Comments:
they're both vanishingly rare in comparison to the forms without の, and IMO the difference between them isn't particularly persuasive as an argument to keep ノンフィクションライター

ノンフィクションライター doesn't appear in any of the usual sources (not even eijiro) and given that it's obvious and the sum of its parts, i agree that there's not much argument for keeping it
4. A* 2020-04-13 05:07:31 
  Comments:
You won't find anybody saying "ノンフィクション_の_ライター"
(but you WILL find people saying ノンフィクションの作家, even if it's 
less common than ノンフィクション作家)
that's part why I think this should be an entry. The entirety of it is a 
loanword, it's not two loanwords mashed together.
3. D 2020-04-13 01:57:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://nlp.cis.unimelb.edu.au/jwb/clst/gaiseggloss.cgi?sent=�Υ�ե��������饤����
ノンフィクションライター	8618
ノンフィクション	1011379
ノンフィクション関連	230479
ノンフィクション作家	32323
ノンフィクション賞	18687
  Comments:
Yes, it's a very productive term. This one is not even in the top batch.
2. A* 2020-04-12 20:28:55  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Given that we have entries for ノンフィクション and ライター, this seems unnecessary to me.
1. A* 2020-04-12 14:39:33 
  Refs:
also 
ノンフィクション作家

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jmdict 2844214 Active (id: 2065970)

ぼく
1. [n] [hist]
▶ regional governor in ancient China



History:
5. A 2020-04-23 06:54:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
4. A* 2020-04-23 05:57:10  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/牧
牧(ぼく)は中国前漢・後漢代に於ける州の長官のこと。刺史を参照
3. A* 2020-04-23 05:55:54  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://furigana.info/w/牧:ぼく
2. A* 2020-04-23 02:01:51  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
is there a better reference?  kotobank is nearly worthless now that they don't show which readings/headwords correspond to which entries.  and kojien has always been a weird mix of kokugo and kanwa when it comes to single-kanji entries

can you confirm that the 古代中国の九州の長官。転じて、地方長官。また、地方官。役人。〔書経‐立政〕 sense from nikkoku is read as ぼく?
1. A* 2020-04-18 04:03:22  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj: 中国古代の地方長官。
nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/牧-135680
  Comments:
eijiro and 斎藤和英大辞典 translate "地方長官" as "provincial governor", but I'm not sure if the "provincial" part is right

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jmdict 2844215 Active (id: 2067449)

りん
1. [suf]
▶ diminutive suffix used to convey cuteness
2. [suf]
《Mikawa dialect》
▶ indicates a mild imperative



History:
10. A 2020-05-04 04:20:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9. A* 2020-05-03 23:14:50  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://travel-star.jp/posts/5269
"かわいい愛知の方言9は、三河弁の語尾「りん」です。軽い命令や行動を促す時に使います。例えば、「座りん(座って)」、「食べりん(食べて)」、「開けてみりん(開けてごらん)」の様に使います。「こっちこりん(こっち来て)」と笑顔で手招きされたら、きゅんとしそうです。"
https://wondertrip.jp/1082218/
"りん、については使い方を間違えると相手を不快にさせてしまいかねません。その理由として「命令形」になるからです。命令形と言っても、マイルドな命令形なのでよほどの言い方をしない限りは怒らせることはないと思われます。"
  Comments:
OK, I'm satisfied.
Also has a dialectical meaning.
  Diff:
@@ -8,3 +8,7 @@
-<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
-<gloss>cutie</gloss>
-<gloss>sweetie</gloss>
+<pos>&suf;</pos>
+<gloss>diminutive suffix used to convey cuteness</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&suf;</pos>
+<s_inf>Mikawa dialect</s_inf>
+<gloss>indicates a mild imperative</gloss>
8. D* 2020-05-03 11:22:04 
  Refs:
https://cktt.jp/78076
可愛いあだ名・ニックネームの付け方の1つ目は、「◯◯りん」など、名前の語尾に「りん」を付けることです。苗字ではなく、下
の名前に付けて呼ぶことが多くなります。また、女の子っぽさやアイドルのような雰囲気があるあだ名のため、このあだ名は女性
に付けることが多いでしょう。

このあだ名の具体例は、「ゆき」は「ゆきりん」、「ゆり」は「ゆりりん」、「ゆうこ」は「ゆうこりん」、「かおり」は「かお
りん」、「さおり」は「さおりん」などが挙げられます。

You can search for "語尾にりんを" for thousands of examples.
7. D 2020-05-03 03:32:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK. I wish we could keep things in suspense without cluttering the work queue. I'll delete it so it can potentially be revived with its history, which is not possible with a rejection.
6. A* 2020-05-02 22:39:57  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Without a reference or more examples, I wouldn't feel comfortable trying to translate this. I suggest rejecting for now.
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 2844241 Rejected (id: 2065918)
肚兜
どぅどう
1. [n]
▶ backless halter-top blouse
▶ traditional Chinese undershirt with medicinal properties

History:
3. R 2020-04-23 01:47:03  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dudou
  Comments:
yes, i'd say this shouldn't be considered a japanese word.  there's a wiki entry for it, but there's also an english entry for 'dudou', and that surely isn't english.  unless the term is a widely accepted word in one language or the other, i'd say it should generally be excluded.
2. A* 2020-04-20 07:21:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I suggest not proceeding with it. It's a Chinese word with almost no usage in Japan. The WWW images are almost all Chinese.
1. A* 2020-04-19 14:44:11  Guillem Palau-Salvà
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/肚兜
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
肚兜	93
  Comments:
google images hit are for mordern sense of the word. 
Not sure of the actual use in Japanese.

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jmdict 2844245 Active (id: 2153397)
上代仮名
じょうだいがな
1. [n] [hist]
▶ cursive kanji form used as a syllabary (Heian period)
▶ ancient kana
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2844240 上代特殊仮名遣い【じょうだいとくしゅかなづかい】 1. special kana usage rules of the Nara period



History:
3. A 2021-10-23 14:23:23  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
2. A 2020-04-23 02:03:30  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-19 23:52:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Koj, Daijr, KOD追加語彙. ルミナス

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jmdict 2844270 Active (id: 2068632)
お客様感謝デーお客さま感謝デー
おきゃくさまかんしゃデー
1. [n]
▶ customer appreciation day (retail sales day)



History:
8. A 2020-05-13 07:37:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'll let it go, but I feel that for something that's a bit idiomatic, "customer appreciation day"  seems rather literal.
7. A* 2020-05-13 05:34:28  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
eij has two examples, btw.


お客様感謝デー	24260
お客さま感謝デー	5784
_
compare with
お客さん感謝デー	No matches
お客さま感謝の日	No matches
お客様感謝の日	148
  Comments:
I don't really see the issue? It's a common, idiomatic expression not usually replaced by similar expressions with the same meaning. It 
describes a specific concept that exists both in Japan and in English-speaking countries.
_
"customer thanks days" doesn't seem to be commonly used in English. (I get ca 1300 googits, eat least first 5 are all obviously Japan-
related)
_
It's not specifically for "loyal" customers. (i.e. the sales are not usually restricted only to loyal customers)
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>お客様感謝デー</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -12,3 +15 @@
-<gloss>customer appreciation day</gloss>
-<gloss>customer thanks day</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">retail sales day with discounts for loyal customers</gloss>
+<gloss>customer appreciation day (retail sales day)</gloss>
6. A* 2020-05-13 04:12:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
One site called it their "Thanksgiving Day". 
Do we really want this?
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@
+<gloss>customer thanks day</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">retail sales day with discounts for loyal customers</gloss>
5. A* 2020-05-12 13:38:15  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think it'd be useful to have. I think 
asking "what use would it be?" speaks of a 
lack of imagination! A translator coming 
across this word might be happy to not 
have to look up what it's usually referred 
to as in English.
4. D 2020-05-12 00:56:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
お客さま感謝デー	5784
  Comments:
I think it's a fairly obvious marketing slogan.
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2844274 Active (id: 2065894)

ヘブンアーティストヘブン・アーティスト
1. [n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "heaven artist"
▶ licensed street performer



History:
2. A 2020-04-23 00:42:37  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
yes, gakken katakana calls it wasei
1. A* 2020-04-22 09:02:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5
https://web-japan.org/trends/enquete-work/enq_183/to021025fas_r.html
ヘブンアーティスト	6624
  Comments:
Daijr doesn't say it's wasei, but I can't find it being used in English and that 2002 article says "took its name from the fact that most of the publicly recognized places for performances will be in the high-pedestrian-traffic areas of Ginza and Shinjuku, locations ideal for street performers."

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jmdict 2844277 Active (id: 2065960)
大山
おおやま
1. [n]
▶ big gamble
▶ big plunge
2. [n]
《orig. meaning》
▶ big mountain



History:
2. A 2020-04-23 06:25:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 01:27:25  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij, gg5
  Comments:
sense 1 is the only one in gg5

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jmdict 2844278 Active (id: 2065962)
心傷心傷れ
こころやぶれ
1. [n] [arch]
▶ heartbreak
▶ grief



History:
2. A 2020-04-23 06:32:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Koj (心傷れ/こころやぶれ - 心がかなしみいたむこと。傷心。)
Unidic has 心傷/しんしょう
心傷れ	< 20
心傷	1504
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>心傷れ</keb>
@@ -11,0 +15 @@
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
@@ -12,0 +17 @@
+<gloss>grief</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-23 04:51:44  Opencooper
  Refs:
Only in Nikk. Has an example from the 8th century.

心傷	1504

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jmdict 2844279 Active (id: 2272281)
書紀
しょき
1. [n] [abbr]
▶ Nihon Shoki (second oldest work of Japanese history, compiled in 720 CE)
▶ Nihongi
▶ Chronicles of Japan
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1464680 日本書紀 1. Nihon Shoki (second oldest work of Japanese history, compiled in 720 CE); Nihongi; Chronicles of Japan



History:
4. A 2023-06-30 14:50:14  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>Nihon Shoki</gloss>
+<gloss>Nihon Shoki (second oldest work of Japanese history, compiled in 720 CE)</gloss>
3. A 2020-04-26 11:15:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2020-04-23 05:04:55  Opencooper
  Refs:
GG5; wiki
  Comments:
Maybe this would better; please align if so. Wikipedia also claims the Kojiki was older, so prob best not to get into all that...
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14,3 @@
-<gloss>Nihon-shoki (the oldest chronicles of Japan)</gloss>
+<gloss>Nihon Shoki</gloss>
+<gloss>Nihongi</gloss>
+<gloss>Chronicles of Japan</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-23 04:51:52  Opencooper
  Refs:
daijs

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jmdict 2844280 Rejected (id: 2065957)

サイキッカー
1. [n]
▶ a psychic

History:
3. R 2020-04-23 06:15:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Backing off.
2. A* 2020-04-23 06:14:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
See: https://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/Editorial_policy#References
  Diff:
@@ -4,3 +4,3 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>サイキッカー</keb>
-</k_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>サイキッカー</reb>
+</r_ele>
1. A* 2020-04-23 05:58:53 

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jmdict 2844281 Active (id: 2065966)

わく
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ klesha
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1481980 煩悩【ぼんのう】 2. klesha (polluting thoughts such as greed, hatred and delusion, which result in suffering)



History:
2. A 2020-04-23 06:49:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 06:21:54  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/惑-153965
koj: 〔仏〕煩悩。迷い。

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jmdict 2844282 Active (id: 2066094)

サイキッカー
1. [n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "psychic-er"
▶ person with supernatural power
▶ person capable of extrasensory perception
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1942780 超能力者 1. person with supernatural power; person capable of extrasensory perception



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 13:03:30  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 06:23:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/サイキッカー - いわゆる超能力者のこと。超能力者を意味する和製英語で、本来は「サイキック」(psychic) である。
サイキッカー	7225
  Comments:
See: https://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/Editorial_policy#References
This came in without a reference. I accidentally rejected it without a proper comment, so I worked on it a little.

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jmdict 2844283 Rejected (id: 2066004)
愛唱句
あいしょうく
1. [n]
▶ favourite poem

History:
3. R 2020-04-23 21:05:29  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I agree.
2. A* 2020-04-23 11:36:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
愛唱句	90
愛唱	74641  <- current entry
愛唱曲	4249 <- current entry
愛唱歌	48707  <- current entry
  Comments:
Not in references (みんなの日本語 lists aren't great sources), not at all common. You can add the suffix 句 to a lot of words.
I don't really think this makes it.
1. A* 2020-04-23 07:48:06  Anthony Russo <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
みんなの日本語 中級 I I 第22課 単語リスト

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jmdict 2844284 Active (id: 2067529)

1. [prt] [arch]
《after the -ba stem of a verb》
▶ but
▶ however
2. [prt] [arch]
▶ even though
▶ even if



History:
3. A 2020-05-04 15:37:12  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
See 2713960.
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<s_inf>after classical 已然形 form</s_inf>
+<s_inf>after the -ba stem of a verb</s_inf>
2. A 2020-04-25 11:37:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 08:23:24  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/ど-579193
smk: (接助)〔雅〕

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jmdict 2844285 Active (id: 2065981)
樹形図
じゅけいず
1. [n]
▶ tree diagram



History:
2. A 2020-04-23 11:28:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
英和コンピューター用語辞典, GG5, etc.
  Comments:
In many fields.
1. A* 2020-04-23 10:36:17  huixing
  Refs:
bing 274,000 results

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jmdict 2844286 Active (id: 2066063)
書史
しょし
1. [n]
▶ book (esp. Confucian classics and historical records)
2. [n]
▶ history of books
3. [n]
▶ history of calligraphy
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1344130 書道 1. calligraphy (esp. Asian calligraphy based on Chinese characters)



History:
4. A 2020-04-24 07:11:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Singular is probably OK.
3. A* 2020-04-24 06:30:40 
  Comments:
Singular or plural?
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>books (esp. Confucian classics and historical records)</gloss>
+<gloss>book (esp. Confucian classics and historical records)</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-24 04:21:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
書史	987
  Comments:
Not quite "obsc".
1. A* 2020-04-23 15:05:37  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/書史-534554
  Comments:
書道 seems to refer to a particular kind of calligraphy, but the entry just gives "calligraphy" and leaves the details in notes

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jmdict 2844287 Active (id: 2066060)

そう
1. [n] [rare]
▶ origin
▶ source
2. [n] [rare]
▶ virtuous ancestor



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 06:15:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 15:52:52  dine <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/宗-526130
  Comments:
gakken says 「また、芸道などの家元・宗家・本家。」 and this is confirmed by the following aozora quotes:
翁はご承知のとおり画事の上では、大癡を宗としていた人です。
いよいよ北宋画の宗たる巨腕を示したが
how to translate this?

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jmdict 2844288 Active (id: 2066209)
事務弁護士
じむべんごし
1. [n]
▶ solicitor (legal practitioner)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2844294 ソリシター 1. solicitor (legal practitioner)



History:
3. A 2020-04-25 22:23:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>solicitor (UK, Australian, etc. lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents)</gloss>
+<gloss>solicitor (legal practitioner)</gloss>
2. A 2020-04-24 01:41:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/事務弁護士 - "(英: Solicitor)"
  Comments:
The English text you see on the JWN site comes from the English WordNet project. Francis and his collaborators created the Japanese list of words aligned with the (global) WordNet synsets.
I think it's OK to put "solicitor" as the meaning provided it's made clear it's not the AmE version.
(My wife's family were touring in the US mid-west in the mid 1960s, and were highly amused by the "No Solicitors" signs outside some towns.)
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>a British lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents</gloss>
+<gloss>solicitor (UK, Australian, etc. lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents)</gloss>
1. A* 2020-04-23 18:05:09  Jim Rose <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Mr. Bond's Word Net project:

ソリシター , 事務弁護士
Definitions
日本語
法的な助言を与え、法的文書を準備する英国の弁護士
英語
a British lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents
  Comments:
EOW etc. translates this as solicitor, which of course is not a role in the Japanese legal profession.  
So it is just a matter of deciding which country's "solicitor" it refers to.

"事務" makes it fairly clear its the non-American type.  Bond's assessment seems correct.

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jmdict 2844289 Active (id: 2066041)
莢豆
さやまめ
1. [n]
▶ legume
▶ legumen
▶ leguminous plant



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 03:33:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5
1. A* 2020-04-23 23:04:22  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
daijs https://kotobank.jp/word/莢豆-512150
JST etc https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/莢豆

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jmdict 2844290 Active (id: 2068415)
海佐
かいさ
1. [n-suf] {military}
▶ higher-grade officer rank (JMSDF)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2530240 一等海佐【いっとうかいさ】 1. captain (JMSDF)
  ⇔ see: 2844517 海尉 1. lower-grade officer rank (JMSDF)



History:
6. A 2020-05-11 16:21:26  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2020-05-05 07:57:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Standardizing format.
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>higher-grade officer rank (in the Japanese Marine Self Defence Force)</gloss>
+<gloss>higher-grade officer rank (JMSDF)</gloss>
4. A* 2020-05-05 02:32:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr
  Comments:
It's used as a suffix. It's not a rank by itself. I'm planning to add 海尉 as well, so I'll adjust this to distinguish between them.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2844517">海尉</xref>
@@ -14 +15 @@
-<gloss>rank (in the Japanese Marine Self Defence Force)</gloss>
+<gloss>higher-grade officer rank (in the Japanese Marine Self Defence Force)</gloss>
3. A* 2020-05-05 02:19:49  Nicolas Maia
  Comments:
I think the way it is now is confusing. The word doesn't mean "rank", it's a *type* of rank.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<field>&mil;</field>
2. A 2020-05-05 01:34:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Need not be literal.
  Diff:
@@ -11,3 +11,3 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>Sea Assistant</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">rank in the Japanese Marine Self Defence Force</gloss>
+<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2530240">一等海佐・いっとうかいさ</xref>
+<gloss>rank (in the Japanese Marine Self Defence Force)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmnedict 5009526 Active (id: 2066036)

アチバイア
1. [place]
▶ Atibaia (Brazil)



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 01:18:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 23:15:33  Nicolas Maia
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<gloss>Atibaia</gloss>
+<gloss>Atibaia (Brazil)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5028040 Active (id: 2066034)

クリチバクリチーバ
1. [place]
▶ Curitiba (Brazil)



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 01:16:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 23:17:36  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/クリチバ
  Comments:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
クリチバ		12414
クリチーバ	3593

Merge here
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>クリチバ</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -9 +12 @@
-<gloss>Curitiba</gloss>
+<gloss>Curitiba (Brazil)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5062540 Active (id: 2066033)

バイーア
1. [place]
▶ Bahia (Brazil)



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 01:16:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 22:41:53  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/バイーア州
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<gloss>Bahia</gloss>
+<gloss>Bahia (Brazil)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5742395 Active (id: 2230370)
星条旗新聞
せいじょうきしんぶん [spec1]
1. [product]
▶ Stars and Stripes (newspaper)



History:
3. A 2023-05-04 01:43:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Adding spec1
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2. A 2020-04-23 02:15:03  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-18 02:25:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/星条旗新聞

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jmnedict 5742406 Active (id: 2066032)

アラウージョ
1. [surname]
▶ Araújo



History:
2. A 2020-04-24 01:15:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-04-23 23:11:05  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://www.nikkeyshimbun.jp/2020/200423-12brasil.html

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