JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1200550 Active (id: 2198712)
懐古 [news2,nf43]
【かいこ [news2,nf43] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ reminiscence
▶ nostalgia
▶ thinking fondly of the past
▶ recalling the old days

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2022-07-27 02:58:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update of vs-vi-vt tags from meikyo -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2019-02-16 21:14:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 11:57:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Aligning with 懐旧.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16,3 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>reminiscence</gloss> +<gloss>nostalgia</gloss> +<gloss>thinking fondly of the past</gloss> @@ -18,2 +19,0 @@ -<gloss>nostalgia</gloss> -<gloss>reminiscences</gloss>

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jmdict 1378030 Active (id: 2003185)
正面 [ichi1,news1,nf04]
【しょうめん [ichi1,news1,nf04] 】

1.

[n,adj-no,pref]
▶ front
▶ frontage
▶ facade
▶ main

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2649380 正先【しょうさき】 1. downstage center (noh)
	⇐ see: 2838751 正面から【しょうめんから】 1. (confronting a problem, etc.) head-on; directly; outright; eye to eye

History:

10.	A 2019-04-03 06:10:06 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm not really sure, but OK.
9.	A* 2019-03-20 22:35:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The JEs have 正面に as "in front", "to the front", etc. You can see it being "to the fore" as in that sentence. Is it really another sense, or just sense 1 being used as an adverb?
8.	A* 2019-03-19 22:21:11 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think that usage is exclusively as 正面から, but also as 正面に, etc. Here's a sentence from google books: "しかし、「道義」と植民地主義の裏返しとしてのアジア諸国民の民族的自決をもっと正面に掲げれば..." I think this sense should be recorded here.
7.	A 2019-03-19 22:09:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK, I'll remove it from here and propose a 正面から entry.
	Diff:	@@ -25,8 +24,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&unc;</pos> -<s_inf>usu. as 正面から</s_inf> -<gloss>(confronting a problem, etc.) head-on</gloss> -<gloss>directly</gloss> -<gloss>outright</gloss> -<gloss>eye to eye</gloss> -</sense>
6.	A* 2019-03-19 05:44:57 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I prefer having a separate 正面から [exp,adv] entry
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A* 2019-03-19 03:04:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reopen.
4.	A 2019-03-19 03:03:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. I'll reopen, as we need a better POS for sense 2.
	Diff:	@@ -26,2 +26,3 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>(often as 正面から) (confronting a problem etc.) head-on</gloss> +<pos>&unc;</pos> +<s_inf>usu. as 正面から</s_inf> +<gloss>(confronting a problem, etc.) head-on</gloss>
3.	A* 2019-03-05 00:26:34 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The proposed sense does match daijs' sense 3: "物事にまともに対すること。避けたりしないで、直接立ち向かうこと。「問題に正面から取り組む」" (daijs has 5 senses, daijr has 3)
2.	A* 2019-02-19 07:16:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think the proposed second sense is valid. It's reflecting an expression 正面 + から which can be used in that way, e.g. この問題は正面から行ったのではうまくいかないだろう. It won't do to 「approach [tackle] this problem 「directly [head-on]. (GG5) 正面から取り組む grapple squarely with 《the problem》 (中辞典) It would probably be appropriate to set sense 2 up as an entry by itself, covering the proposed meanings, as well as the more literal "from the front".
1.	A* 2019-02-16 13:38:49
	Refs:	大辞泉 https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=正面から
	Comments:	「俺はこの病院で、物事に正面から立ち向かう勇気を教えられた。」
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>(often as 正面から) (confronting a problem etc.) head-on</gloss> +<gloss>directly</gloss> +<gloss>outright</gloss> +<gloss>eye to eye</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1413510 Active (id: 1997635)
大空 [news1,nf19]
【おおぞら [news1,nf19] 】

1.

[n]
▶ wide open sky
▶ the blue
▶ heavens
▶ firmament

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2838645 青漢【せいかん】 1. wide open sky; the blue; heavens; firmament

History:

2.	A 2019-02-17 20:21:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:23:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog daijr: "広々とした大きな空。「―をかける」"
	Comments:	I think we should lead with "sky".
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,2 @@ +<gloss>wide open sky</gloss> +<gloss>the blue</gloss> @@ -18 +19,0 @@ -<gloss>sky</gloss>

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jmdict 1530120 Active (id: 2202210)
無傷 [news1,nf24] ；無疵 [rK]
【むきず [news1,nf24] 】

1.	[adj-no,adj-na,n] ▶ unhurt ▶ uninjured ▶ unwounded ▶ unscathed ▶ unharmed
2.	[adj-no,adj-na,n] ▶ flawless (e.g. gem) ▶ unblemished ▶ undamaged ▶ perfect (condition)
3.	[adj-no,adj-na,n] ▶ spotless (e.g. reputation) ▶ faultless (e.g. performance) ▶ perfect (record) ▶ without failure ▶ without defeat

History:

4.	A 2022-08-07 05:37:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-08-06 17:35:43 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 無傷　 │ 259,603 │ 99.3% │ │ 無疵　 │ 978 │ 0.4% │ 🡠 adding (daijr/s, koj, etc.) │ むきず │ 778 │ 0.3% │ ╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>無疵</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2019-02-17 00:33:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:18:57 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Splitting into senses.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -17 +17,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -21,4 +21,21 @@ -<gloss>flawless</gloss> -<gloss>spotless</gloss> -<gloss>sound</gloss> -<gloss>perfect</gloss> +<gloss>unscathed</gloss> +<gloss>unharmed</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>flawless (e.g. gem)</gloss> +<gloss>unblemished</gloss> +<gloss>undamaged</gloss> +<gloss>perfect (condition)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>spotless (e.g. reputation)</gloss> +<gloss>faultless (e.g. performance)</gloss> +<gloss>perfect (record)</gloss> +<gloss>without failure</gloss> +<gloss>without defeat</gloss>

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jmdict 1662950 Active (id: 1997755)
金山 [news2,nf30]
【きんざん [news2,nf30] 】

1.

[n]
▶ gold mine

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2838215 金山【かなやま】 1. (metal) mine

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 22:36:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree. Splitting.
	Diff:	@@ -11,3 +10,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>かなやま</reb> @@ -19 +16,2 @@ -<gloss>(gold) mine</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="2838215">金山・かなやま</xref> +<gloss>gold mine</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:13:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	きんざん: gg5: gold mine daijr: 金を産出する鉱山かなやま: gg5: a (metal) mine daijr: 金属鉱石を掘り出す山
	Comments:	I think we need separate entries for きんざん and かなやま.

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jmdict 1805340 Active (id: 1997540)
法華経 [news2,nf38]
【ほけきょう [news2,nf38] ；ほっけきょう】

1.

[n] [abbr] {Buddhism}
▶ Lotus Sutra

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1910900 妙法蓮華経 1. Lotus Sutra
	⇐ see: 2573230 法華【ほっけ】 2. Lotus Sutra

History:

4.	A 2019-02-16 02:20:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, ルミナス (both have ほっけきょう)
3.	A* 2019-02-16 01:46:52 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/法華経-132828#E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.9E.97.20.E7.AC.AC.E4.B8.89.E7.89.88 https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/204512/meaning/m0u/法華経/
	Comments:	Added another 読み方
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ほっけきょう</reb> +</r_ele>
2.	A 2012-08-17 03:34:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -20,1 +20,1 @@ -<gloss>the Lotus Sutra</gloss> +<gloss>Lotus Sutra</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-08-16 17:38:55 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	* [fld=Buddh] * [abbr] * link to long form
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,4 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1910900">妙法蓮華経</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1910900">妙法蓮華経</xref> +<field>&Buddh;</field> +<misc>&abbr;</misc>

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jmdict 1910900 Active (id: 1997543)
妙法蓮華経
【みょうほうれんげきょう】

1.

[n] {Buddhism}
▶ Lotus Sutra

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1805340 法華経 1. Lotus Sutra
	⇐ see: 1810120 妙法【みょうほう】 3. Lotus Sutra; teachings of the Lotus Sutra

History:

6.	A 2019-02-16 09:51:09 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 daijs
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<misc>&hon;</misc>
5.	A* 2019-02-16 03:45:25
	Comments:	Another take on it.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>Scripture of the Lotus Blossom of the Fine Dharma</gloss> +<misc>&hon;</misc>
4.	A 2015-05-17 20:20:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	"Sutra on the Lotus of the Marvelous Law" gets 16 google hits, most of which are crud ddofbud has as 'Sutra of the Lotus of the Wonderful Dharma', which gets 53 hits wikipedia has "Scripture of the Lotus Blossom of the Fine Dharma" which gets at least 100 real hits (google claims 5500)
	Comments:	i can't see anything "incorrect" about glossing it using the name by which it is called in english as opposed to literal names that have no currency in english at all
	Diff:	@@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1805340">法華経</xref> @@ -15,2 +14,2 @@ -<misc>&work;</misc> -<gloss>Sutra on the Lotus of the Marvelous Law</gloss> +<gloss>Scripture of the Lotus Blossom of the Fine Dharma</gloss> +<gloss>Lotus Sutra</gloss>
3.	A* 2015-05-16 17:24:19 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	* [work]: name of a sutra * Link to abbreviated name, rather than (incorrectly) gloss (this is a long name!)
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1805340">法華経</xref> @@ -12,0 +14 @@ +<misc>&work;</misc> @@ -14 +15,0 @@ -<gloss>Lotus Sutra</gloss>
2.	A 2012-08-17 03:35:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-08-16 17:38:13 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 en:WP http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_Sutra
	Comments:	* Give long form in English, as this is the long form in Japanese. * [fld=Buddh]
	Diff:	@@ -11,1 +11,0 @@ -<pos>∫</pos> @@ -13,0 +12,2 @@ +<field>&Buddh;</field> +<gloss>Sutra on the Lotus of the Marvelous Law</gloss>

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jmdict 1958780 Active (id: 2224843)
ＡＶ
【エー・ブイ；エーブイ [sk] 】

1.

[n]
▶ audiovisual

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1031850 オーディオビジュアル 1. audiovisual

2.

[n]
▶ adult video
▶ porn video
▶ pornographic video

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2717160 アダルトビデオ 1. adult video; porn video; pornographic video
	⇐ see: 2443240 ＡＶ女優【エーブイじょゆう】 1. porn actress

History:

11.	A 2023-03-16 05:13:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reformat initialsms -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>エー・ブイ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
10.	A 2019-03-12 07:38:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I guess I'm uncomfortable about the other 3 forms being no longer searchable.
9.	A* 2019-03-09 20:02:31 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think for multi-letter words/abbreviations like "AV", we should only include the standard reading, as daijs etc. do.
	Diff:	@@ -9,9 +8,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>エイブイ</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>エーヴィ</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>エイヴィ</reb>
8.	A 2019-02-19 07:04:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	エーブイ 307 エイブイ 6422 <- skewed by 株式会社エイブイ, i.e. Eibui エーヴィ 85 エイヴィ 425 <- 株式会社エイヴイ, but I see it also being used for audio-visual (The nakaguro versions didn't get counts) GG5 when looking up エーブイ: "エー･ブイ【AV】"
	Comments:	I think the "・" versions can go. The others should stay.
	Diff:	@@ -19,12 +18,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>エー・ブイ</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>エイ・ブイ</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>エー・ヴィ</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>エイ・ヴィ</reb> -</r_ele>
7.	A* 2019-02-16 22:55:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Do we need all these reading variants (and the nakaguro forms)? It's always written using the alphabet. I think it's enough to have just エーブイ (and possibly エーヴィ).
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A 2019-02-16 18:03:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -34 +34 @@ -<gloss>audio-visual</gloss> +<gloss>audiovisual</gloss>
5.	A 2012-05-26 07:56:43 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2012-05-25 22:45:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reopen.
3.	A 2012-05-25 22:45:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Approving to fix xref - will reopen.
2.	A* 2012-05-25 22:42:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	You blew away アダルトビデオ and then put a reference to it!
	Diff:	@@ -33,2 +33,7 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1958780">アダルトビデオ</xref> -<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<xref type="see" seq="1031850">オーディオビジュアル</xref> +<gloss>audio-visual</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2717160">アダルトビデオ</xref> +<gloss>adult video</gloss> @@ -36,0 +41,1 @@ +<gloss>pornographic video</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-05-25 07:49:31 Marcus
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/アダル� %88%E3%83%93%E3%83%87%E3%82%AA
	Diff:	@@ -8,1 +8,22 @@ -<reb>アダルトビデオ</reb> +<reb>エーブイ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>エイブイ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>エーヴィ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>エイヴィ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>エー・ブイ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>エイ・ブイ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>エー・ヴィ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>エイ・ヴィ</reb> @@ -12,1 +33,3 @@ -<gloss>porn video (from adult video)</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1958780">アダルトビデオ</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>porn video</gloss>

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jmdict 2443240 Active (id: 1997793)
ＡＶ女優
【エーブイじょゆう】

1.

[n]
▶ porn actress

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1958780 ＡＶ 2. adult video; porn video; pornographic video
	⇐ see: 2860444 セクシー女優【セクシーじょゆう】 1. porn actress

History:

7.	A 2019-02-19 07:07:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Agree.
6.	A* 2019-02-16 23:03:22 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	ヴィ, not ヴイ. But I think ブイ is all we need. That's how it's virtually always pronounced.
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>エーヴイじょゆう</reb> +<reb>エーブイじょゆう</reb>
5.	A 2019-02-14 08:27:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1958780">エーブイ・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1958780">ＡＶ・2</xref>
4.	A 2019-02-13 12:56:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2019-02-13 11:32:43
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>female porn star</gloss> +<gloss>porn actress</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2012-05-25 22:46:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,3 +12,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1958780">エーブイ・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1958780">エーブイ・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1958780">エーブイ・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1958780">エーブイ・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1958780">エーブイ・2</xref>
1.	A 2009-05-24 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2579990 Active (id: 1997562)
友千鳥；友鵆
【ともちどり】

1.

[n]
▶ flocking plovers
▶ flock of plovers

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1389070 千鳥 1. plover

History:

4.	A 2019-02-16 22:22:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Pretty obscure.
3.	A* 2019-02-16 08:55:40 Alan Cheng <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://www2.yamanashi-ken.ac.jp/~itoyo/basho/shitibusyu/sarumino10.htm
	Comments:	Encountered this form in the haiku, あら礒やはしり馴たる友鵆 (which is where I think this word comes from anyway)
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>友鵆</keb>
2.	A 2010-09-14 11:08:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 too.
1.	A* 2010-09-12 02:35:40 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daijr, daijs

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jmdict 2721230 Active (id: 1997652)
寄生蜂；寄生バチ
【きせいばち (寄生蜂)；きせいバチ (寄生バチ)；やどりばち (寄生蜂)；やどりバチ (寄生バチ)；きせいほう (寄生蜂) 】

1.

[n]
▶ parasitoid wasp
▶ parasitic wasp
▶ parasitic bee

History:

6.	A 2019-02-17 22:26:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,4 @@ +<reb>やどりバチ</reb> +<re_restr>寄生バチ</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele>
5.	A 2019-02-17 22:24:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,5 @@ +<re_restr>寄生蜂</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>きせいバチ</reb> +<re_restr>寄生バチ</re_restr> @@ -14,0 +20 @@ +<re_restr>寄生蜂</re_restr> @@ -17,0 +24 @@ +<re_restr>寄生蜂</re_restr>
4.	A* 2019-02-16 23:19:16 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/寄生バチ
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>寄生バチ</keb>
3.	A 2012-06-11 11:52:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2012-06-09 16:37:37 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daijr, daijs
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,6 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>やどりばち</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>きせいほう</reb> +</r_ele>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-06-06 06:13:00 Marcus
	Refs:	daijs, jst, cross http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitoid_wasp (Chinese interwiki reading matches)
	Comments:	enwiki: "Presently, it is not clear what the eventual taxonomic fate of these groups will be"

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jmdict 2827870 Active (id: 1997598)
金鉱 [news2,nf28]
【きんこう [news2,nf28] 】

1.

[n]
▶ gold ore
▶ gold deposit

2.

[n]
▶ gold mine

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1592010 金坑【きんこう】 1. gold mine

History:

5.	A 2019-02-17 00:31:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2019-02-16 23:26:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 金鉱 51229 金坑 516
	Comments:	金坑 is relatively obscure. Dropping x-ref.
	Diff:	@@ -21 +20,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1592010">金坑・きんこう</xref>
3.	A 2015-12-01 05:36:46 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2015-12-01 00:12:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,2 @@ +<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>nf28</ke_pri> @@ -8,0 +11,2 @@ +<re_pri>news2</re_pri> +<re_pri>nf28</re_pri> @@ -18 +22 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1592010">金鉱・きんこう</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1592010">金坑・きんこう</xref>
1.	A* 2015-12-01 00:09:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, 中辞典, etc.
	Comments:	Splitting from 1592010.

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jmdict 2838146 Active (id: 1997553)
天宮
【てんきゅう】

1.	[n] ▶ heavenly palace
2.	[n] ▶ sky

History:

3.	A 2019-02-16 18:12:57 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr: "天帝の宮殿。また，大空。"
	Comments:	Nikk has てんぐ but it's not in any other ref. Leaving it out for now.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<field>&Buddh;</field> @@ -14,0 +14,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>sky</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A* 2019-02-15 09:10:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5
	Comments:	This needs to be split into two entries, as it's failing the 2/3 rule. I can't find the てんぐ reading in a kokugo.
	Diff:	@@ -10,6 +9,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>てんぐ</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ティアンゴン</reb> -</r_ele> @@ -20 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>Tiangong (Chinese space program)</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-02-15 00:05:10 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/天宮-682002#E7.B2.BE.E9.81.B8.E7.89.88.20.E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.9B.BD.E8.AA.9E.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E5.85.B8

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jmdict 2838148 Active (id: 1998093)
厚い壁
【あついかべ】

1.

[exp,n] [id]
▶ hard-to-overcome obstacle
▶ high hurdle
▶ [lit] thick wall

History:

6.	A 2019-02-23 06:58:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. I'll go back to Marcus' original and approve it.
	Diff:	@@ -16,5 +15,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&exp;</pos> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
5.	A* 2019-02-16 14:29:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree with Marcus. 厚い壁 is not an adjective. Eijiro have just used it to explain the meaning of the rather obscure English word "pachydermous". It doesn't make much sense to flip it around and say "厚い壁の" means "pachydermous". I think that in cases like this (simple A+B constructions where the literal meaning is very obvious), it's better to have a lit. gloss as part of the figurative sense. To me it looks odd having a separate sense for "thick wall".
4.	A* 2019-02-15 11:29:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Eijiro: 厚い壁 : thick wall 厚い壁の {形} : pachydermous 厚い壁のある {形} : pachydermous
	Comments:	Is that better? It really is a different sense, and since we've got the idiomatic meaning, it's appropriate the literal one is there. Pachydermous just means "thick-walled", but there's no matching noun - a pachyderm is an animal.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<gloss g_type="lit">thick wall</gloss> @@ -19,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -21 +21 @@ -<gloss>pachydermous</gloss> +<gloss g_type="lit">thick wall</gloss>
3.	A* 2019-02-15 09:53:43 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	I'm not a fan of that 2nd sense. 厚い壁 is a noun phrase meaning "thick wall". I don't think it makes sense to say it's also an adjective meaning "having thick walls".
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -12 +12,0 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos>
2.	A 2019-02-15 05:50:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Eijiro, RP.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>pachydermous</gloss> +</sense>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2019-02-15 01:19:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	「いきなり！ステーキ」米国で苦戦…６割閉店、ステーキ本場の厚い壁にはね返される https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.sanspo.co m/geino/amp/20190215/sot19021508450005- a.html

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jmdict 2838159 Active (id: 1998200)
無理ない；無理無い
【むりない】

1.

[exp,adj-i]
▶ natural
▶ understandable
▶ reasonable
▶ no wonder

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1949380 無理はない 1. natural; understandable; reasonable; no wonder

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2019-02-24 21:20:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -17,0 +19,2 @@ +<gloss>reasonable</gloss> +<gloss>no wonder</gloss>
2.	A 2019-02-18 01:51:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	無理ない 70102 無理無い 3039 のも無理ない 33066 も無理ない 39330 無理はない 98445 無理もない 111210 無理なく 768827
	Comments:	A bit hesitant about this as adding ない is easy. OTOH it's reasonably common, although far less common than 無理なく. I see it's often in のも無理ない, which is how the single Tanaka sentence using it has it.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>無理無い</keb>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 12:10:47
	Refs:	https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/760/ https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q13136003928 https://ejje.weblio.jp/sentence/content/"無理ない"
	Comments:	「俺さ、あの頃、彼女のこと　ちっとも分かろうとしてなかった。当時の俺は、あいつのこと　すごく大事にしてるつもりだったけど　今思うと、あいつが怒るのも無理ないよ」

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jmdict 2838160 Active (id: 1997568)
陰茎癒着
【いんけいゆちゃく】

1.

[n] [rare] {medicine}
▶ penile adhesion
▶ penile skin bridge

History:

2.	A 2019-02-16 22:46:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	0 n-grams, 39 Googits. I see it on a few medical sites in lists like "精巣上体炎、陰茎癒着、勃起不全, 持続勃起症", so it's being used.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@ +<field>&med;</field> +<misc>&obsc;</misc>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 13:38:28 <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Sorry but I can't find references for this.

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jmdict 2838161 Active (id: 1997560)
ＡＶ機器
【エーブイきき】

1.

[n]
▶ audiovisual equipment

History:

2.	A 2019-02-16 21:16:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 18:14:29 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr/s

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jmdict 2838162 Active (id: 1997559)
浮遊選鉱
【ふゆうせんこう】

1.

[n]
▶ flotation (mineral processing method)

History:

2.	A 2019-02-16 21:15:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 20:12:17 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, eij, Readers+

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jmdict 2838163 Active (id: 1997558)
浮遊選鉱法
【ふゆうせんこうほう】

1.

[n]
▶ flotation method (mineral processing)

History:

2.	A 2019-02-16 21:14:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 20:17:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj

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jmdict 2838164 Active (id: 1997706)
のり弁；海苔弁
【のりべん】

1.

[n] [abbr]
▶ nori bento

History:

3.	A 2019-02-18 11:20:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	海苔弁当 3371 海苔弁 7818 のり弁 21813
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>海苔弁</keb> +<keb>のり弁</keb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>のり弁</keb> +<keb>海苔弁</keb>
2.	A* 2019-02-17 02:32:27 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5,4 @@ -<keb>海苔弁：のり弁</keb> +<keb>海苔弁</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>のり弁</keb>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:31:57 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.google.com/search?hl=ja&ei=2I5oXIK4LIuW8wWt65tg&q=海苔弁&oq=海苔弁&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i67l6j0l2.33032.41549..42031...2.0..0.168.2187.2j16......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i71j0i4j33i160j0i5i30j0i4i37j0i4i10i37.5WN-bz2ijnQ https://www.google.com/search?hl=ja&q=のり弁 https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/海苔弁当

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jmdict 2838165 Active (id: 1997575)
莢膜
【きょうまく】

1.	[n] {medicine} ▶ (bacterial) capsule
2.	[n] {medicine} ▶ ovarian follicle sheath ▶ theca

History:

2.	A 2019-02-16 22:55:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, 医学英和辞典, RP
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,8 @@ -<gloss>bacterial capsule</gloss> +<field>&med;</field> +<gloss>(bacterial) capsule</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&med;</field> +<gloss>ovarian follicle sheath</gloss> +<gloss>theca</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:38:39 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/莢膜

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jmdict 2838166 Active (id: 1997578)
核様体
【かくようたい】

1.

[n] {biology}
▶ nucleoid

History:

2.	A 2019-02-16 22:58:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 医学英和辞典, LSD
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&biol;</field>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:41:05 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/核様体

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jmdict 2838167 Active (id: 1997653)
超らせん；超螺旋
【ちょうらせん】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ superhelix
▶ supercoil

History:

3.	A 2019-02-17 22:27:57 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 超らせん 739 超螺旋 50
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>超螺旋</keb>
2.	A 2019-02-16 22:57:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	医学英和辞典, RP, LSD
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&med;</field>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:42:45 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA超らせん

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jmdict 2838168 Active (id: 1997597)
髄膜炎菌
【ずいまくえんきん】

1.

[n]
▶ meningococcus (Neisseria meningitidis)

History:

2.	A 2019-02-17 00:28:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, LSD, etc.
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:49:02 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/髄膜炎菌

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jmdict 2838169 Active (id: 1997665)
シアル酸
【シアルさん】

1.

[n]
▶ sialic acid

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 00:07:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:49:59 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/シアル酸

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jmdict 2838170 Active (id: 1997679)
糖鎖
【とうさ】

1.

[n] {chemistry}
▶ glycan
▶ sugar chain

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 01:40:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&chem;</field> @@ -12,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>sugar chain</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:51:30 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/糖鎖

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jmdict 2838171 Active (id: 1997583)
単糖
【たんとう】

1.

[n] {chemistry}
▶ monosaccharide

History:

2.	A 2019-02-16 23:09:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, LSD
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&chem;</field>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:52:19 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/単糖

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jmdict 2838172 Active (id: 1997681)
血清型
【けっせいがた】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ serotype
▶ serovar

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 01:43:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	医学英和辞典
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&med;</field>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:55:08 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/血清型

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jmdict 2838173 Active (id: 1997684)
肺炎桿菌
【はいえんかんきん】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ Klebsiella pneumoniae

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 01:47:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, LSD. etc.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&med;</field>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 22:57:45 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/クレブシエラ・ニューモニエ

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jmdict 2838174 Active (id: 1997643)
卒倒病菌
【そっとうびょうきん】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ Thuringian bacillus

History:

2.	A 2019-02-17 21:55:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	医学英和辞典, RP
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>Bacillus thuringiensis</gloss> +<field>&med;</field> +<gloss>Thuringian bacillus</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:03:52 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/バチルス・チューリンゲンシス

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jmdict 2838175 Active (id: 1997753)
コッホの原則
【コッホのげんそく】

1.

[exp,n] {medicine}
▶ Koch's postulates
▶ Koch's laws

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 22:32:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koch's_postulates
	Comments:	Very marginal. Not really the sort of entry we need, although it might make it into a medical dictionary so I'm letting it in.
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -11,0 +13 @@ +<field>&med;</field> @@ -12,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>Koch's laws</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:04:42 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/コッホの原則

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jmdict 2838176 Active (id: 1997698)
外毒素
【がいどくそ】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ exotoxin
▶ extracellular toxin

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 07:01:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&med;</field>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:06:22 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/外毒素

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jmdict 2838177 Active (id: 1997682)
薬剤抵抗性
【やくざいていこうせい】

1.

[n]
▶ drug resistance

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 01:44:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	医学英和辞典
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:11:50 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/薬剤抵抗性 https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/薬剤抵抗性

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jmdict 2838178 Active (id: 1997683)
薬剤耐性
【やくざいたいせい】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ drug resistance

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 01:45:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&med;</field>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:12:37 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/薬剤耐性

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jmdict 2838179 Active (id: 1997676)
捕食寄生
【ほしょくきせい】

1.

[n]
▶ parasitoidism

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 01:23:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	eij
	Comments:	"parasitoid" refers to the parasite itself.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>parasitoid</gloss> +<gloss>parasitoidism</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:16:10 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/捕食寄生

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jmdict 2838180 Active (id: 1997708)
生物テロ
【せいぶつテロ】

1.

[n]
▶ bioterrorism
▶ biological terrorism

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 11:22:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:21:20 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/生物テロ

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jmdict 2838181 Active (id: 1997672)
糖鎖生物学
【とうさせいぶつがく】

1.

[n]
▶ glycobiology

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 01:15:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycobiology G n-grams: 1680
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:23:09 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/糖鎖生物学

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jmdict 2838182 Active (id: 1997716)
三糖
【さんとう】

1.

[n] {chemistry}
▶ trisaccharide

History:

3.	A 2019-02-18 12:37:25 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&chem;</field>
2.	A 2019-02-17 23:52:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	理化学英和辞典
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:25:35 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/三糖

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jmdict 2838183 Active (id: 1997717)
四糖
【よんとう】

1.

[n] {chemistry}
▶ tetrasaccharide

History:

3.	A 2019-02-18 12:43:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&chem;</field>
2.	A 2019-02-18 02:48:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:26:22 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/四糖

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jmdict 2838184 Active (id: 1997692)
多糖
【たとう】

1.

[n] {chemistry}
▶ polysaccharide

History:

3.	A 2019-02-18 02:50:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&chem;</field>
2.	A 2019-02-18 01:20:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:27:23 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/多糖

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jmdict 2838185 Active (id: 1997695)
増粘安定剤
【ぞうねんあんていざい】

1.

[n]
▶ thickening agent
▶ thickening stabilizer

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 04:38:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>thickening stabilizer</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:28:34 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/増粘安定剤

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jmdict 2838186 Active (id: 1997670)
変旋光
【へんせんこう】

1.

[n] {chemistry}
▶ mutarotation

History:

2.	A 2019-02-18 01:07:42 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr, koj
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&chem;</field>
1.	A* 2019-02-16 23:29:27 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/変旋光

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13.	A 2023-10-22 00:55:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning.
	Diff:	@@ -14,2 +14,2 @@ -<s_inf>after a number N</s_inf> -<gloss>the Nth time</gloss> +<s_inf>after a number n</s_inf> +<gloss>nth time</gloss>
12.	A 2023-10-21 10:12:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11.	A* 2023-10-21 07:20:30 Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	harmonizing with 度目, but whatever gloss you like.
	Diff:	@@ -14,2 +14,2 @@ -<s_inf>following a number</s_inf> -<gloss>-nth time</gloss> +<s_inf>after a number N</s_inf> +<gloss>the Nth time</gloss>
10.	A 2019-02-18 22:36:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2019-02-18 22:28:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think "around" adds anything.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>-nth time (around)</gloss> +<s_inf>following a number</s_inf> +<gloss>-nth time</gloss>
(show/hide 8 older log entries)
8.	A 2019-02-18 22:08:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2019-02-18 19:22:22
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&suf;</pos>
6.	A 2019-02-18 07:00:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think it's worth keeping. It's not a counter by itself.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>(ctr) -nth time (around)</gloss> +<gloss>-nth time (around)</gloss>
5.	A* 2019-02-16 15:42:34 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think we should have the most common counter + 目 combinations. They can be useful to beginners.
4.	A* 2019-02-16 11:55:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	回 is the counter. 目 is an ordinal suffix that can come after any counter. I'm not sure we need this. Is it any more worthy of inclusion than 枚目, 本目, 周目, etc.?
3.	A* 2019-02-16 10:40:22 Yann Rinkel <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This is a counter 1回目, 2回目... and should therefore be marked as such (ctr)
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>-nth time (around)</gloss> +<gloss>(ctr) -nth time (around)</gloss>
2.	A 2018-04-05 08:02:28 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>-Nth time around</gloss> +<gloss>-nth time (around)</gloss>
1.	A 2018-04-05 07:17:39 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams 10653329
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -8,0 +10 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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