JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1182180 Active (id: 2152621)
黄土 [news2,nf36]
【おうど [news2,nf36] ；こうど】

1.

[n] {geology}
▶ loess

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2850949 レス 1. loess
	⇐ see: 1181990 黄砂【こうさ】 2. loess
	⇐ see: 2754870 黄壌【こうじょう】 1. yellow soil; loess

2.

[n]
▶ yellow ochre
▶ yellow ocher

3.

(こうど only) [n] [arch]
▶ Hades
▶ hell
▶ underworld
▶ world of the dead

History:

7.	A 2021-10-18 16:06:42 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<field>&geol;</field>
6.	A 2017-11-22 01:13:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I guess 黄壌 should be split too.
5.	A* 2017-11-08 22:32:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5
	Comments:	Splitting sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -19,3 +18,0 @@ -<gloss>earth</gloss> -<gloss>yellow soil</gloss> -<gloss>yellow ochre (ocher)</gloss> @@ -22,0 +20,5 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>yellow ochre</gloss> +<gloss>yellow ocher</gloss>
4.	A 2015-03-24 22:11:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2015-03-24 15:01:45
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21 @@ -<gloss>yellow ochre</gloss> +<gloss>yellow ochre (ocher)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2012-10-25 03:36:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -27,0 +27,1 @@ +<misc>&arch;</misc>
1.	A* 2012-10-23 13:09:51 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs
	Comments:	Maybe [obs] or [arch] for sense 2. Looks like the source of the example in daijs is from 1902.
	Diff:	@@ -23,1 +23,8 @@ -<gloss>hades</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>こうど</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>Hades</gloss> +<gloss>hell</gloss> +<gloss>underworld</gloss> +<gloss>world of the dead</gloss>

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jmdict 1211860 Active (id: 1963521)
官僚 [ichi1,news1,nf02]
【かんりょう [ichi1,news1,nf02] 】

1.

[n]
▶ bureaucrat
▶ government official
▶ bureaucracy

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 20:27:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-08 18:23:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>government official</gloss>

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jmdict 1214300 Active (id: 1963533)
簡素 [news1,nf09]
【かんそ [news1,nf09] 】

1.

[adj-na,n]
▶ simple
▶ plain
▶ modest

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 23:10:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-04 21:45:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	JEs only have adjective glosses.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<gloss>simplicity</gloss> +<gloss>simple</gloss> @@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>modest</gloss>

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jmdict 1244530 Active (id: 2160355)
苦心 [ichi1,news1,nf22]
【くしん [ichi1,news1,nf22] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ pains
▶ hard work
▶ effort
▶ trouble
▶ labour
▶ labor

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-11-18 00:43:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2017-11-11 00:11:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-08 21:54:25 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	I think this makes the meaning clearer.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19,3 @@ -<gloss>pain</gloss> +<gloss>pains</gloss> +<gloss>hard work</gloss> +<gloss>effort</gloss> @@ -21,3 +23,2 @@ -<gloss>anxiety</gloss> -<gloss>diligence</gloss> -<gloss>hard work</gloss> +<gloss>labour</gloss> +<gloss>labor</gloss>

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jmdict 1259980 Active (id: 1963664)
見抜く [news2,nf39] ；見ぬく
【みぬく [news2,nf39] 】

1.

[v5k,vt]
▶ to see through
▶ to see into (someone's heart, mind, etc.)
▶ to perceive
▶ to find out
▶ to detect

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2017-11-13 01:34:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2017-11-08 02:32:54 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	I think this is clearer.
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21,4 @@ -<gloss>to see the true nature of something</gloss> +<gloss>to see into (someone's heart, mind, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to perceive</gloss> +<gloss>to find out</gloss> +<gloss>to detect</gloss>
3.	A 2017-03-08 10:47:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2017-03-07 18:06:38 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<gloss>to see the true nature of something</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-03-07 16:20:47 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 見抜く 298748 見ぬく 7099 みぬく 5160
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>見ぬく</keb>

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jmdict 1277440 Active (id: 2208451)
いい加減 [ichi1] ；好い加減 [sK] ；好加減 [sK]
【いいかげん [ichi1] 】

1.

[adj-na]
▶ irresponsible
▶ perfunctory
▶ careless

2.

[adj-na]
▶ lukewarm
▶ half-baked
▶ halfhearted
▶ vague

3.

[adj-na,adv]
《used to express one's wish for something to end》
▶ (already) enough

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1982060 いい加減にする 1. to put an end to something; to get something over with; to quit something one has been engaged in too long or to an excessive degree

4.

[adv]
▶ considerably
▶ quite
▶ rather
▶ pretty

History:

14.	A 2022-09-12 23:04:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
13.	A* 2022-09-12 22:29:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think we can keep it simple.
	Diff:	@@ -37,3 +37,2 @@ -<s_inf>when expressing one wants something to end, or somebody to stop doing something</s_inf> -<gloss>(gone on) for long enough</gloss> -<gloss>about (damn) time</gloss> +<s_inf>used to express one's wish for something to end</s_inf> +<gloss>(already) enough</gloss>
12.	A* 2022-09-12 15:28:11
	Comments:	I think this is a better note based on the kokugo definitions. I don't think the other two glosses fit with the note and the newest gloss, so I removed them, seems less confusing like this.
	Diff:	@@ -37,4 +37,3 @@ -<s_inf>usu. in suggestions or orders</s_inf> -<gloss>reasonable</gloss> -<gloss>sensible</gloss> -<gloss>gone on for long enough</gloss> +<s_inf>when expressing one wants something to end, or somebody to stop doing something</s_inf> +<gloss>(gone on) for long enough</gloss> +<gloss>about (damn) time</gloss>
11.	A 2022-09-12 11:14:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK, I'll include that.
	Diff:	@@ -39,0 +40 @@ +<gloss>gone on for long enough</gloss>
10.	A* 2022-09-11 14:44:03
	Comments:	it's in daijisen: 相当な程度に達しているので、ほどほどのところで終わってほしいさま。「―に雨もやんでほしい」「冗談は―でやめてくれ」 and nikkoku: かなりの程度までいっているので、もうほどほどにしたいさま。このくらいでおわりにしたいさま。 and I'm sure all the others too, these two just spell it out properly. it's just that jmdict sense 3 is not glossed very helpfully. "gone on for long enough" could work
(show/hide 9 older log entries)
9.	A* 2022-09-11 13:19:50
	Comments:	I think it's sense 3 used adverbially.
	Diff:	@@ -34,0 +35 @@ +<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -38 +39 @@ -<gloss>moderate</gloss> +<gloss>sensible</gloss> @@ -46,7 +46,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&exp;</pos> -<gloss>enough already</gloss> -<gloss>time to get serious</gloss> -<gloss>no more fooling around</gloss> -<gloss>now we ought to ...</gloss>
8.	A* 2022-09-11 12:00:24
	Comments:	How would you translate that sentence?
7.	A* 2022-09-11 11:21:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	いい加減 2854490 99.1% 好い加減 26243 0.9% 好加減 339 0.0%
	Comments:	I'm fine with the sK tags. I'm afraid I can't see that 5th sense in that reference. It's not in the JEs or kokugos.
6.	A* 2022-09-11 10:31:41
	Refs:	https://president.jp/articles/amp/60935?page=1 無意味な感染対策をいつまで続けるつもりか。いいかげん、『忖度マスク』はやめるべきだ。
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -13 +14 @@ -<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -44,0 +46,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<gloss>enough already</gloss> +<gloss>time to get serious</gloss> +<gloss>no more fooling around</gloss> +<gloss>now we ought to ...</gloss>
5.	A 2018-02-25 04:58:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -34,0 +35 @@ +<s_inf>usu. in suggestions or orders</s_inf> @@ -36 +37 @@ -<gloss>moderate (usu. in suggestions or orders)</gloss> +<gloss>moderate</gloss>
4.	A 2017-11-08 09:14:52 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	twitter search
3.	A* 2017-11-08 01:17:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, WWW hits
	Comments:	I don't think sense 1 is [uk]. The JE examples use いい加減.
	Diff:	@@ -21 +20,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc>
2.	A 2011-11-25 21:14:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,1 @@ +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf>
1.	A* 2011-11-25 04:00:40
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>好加減</keb>

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jmdict 1327720 Active (id: 2090697)
手紙 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
【てがみ [ichi1,news1,nf03] 】

1.

[n]
▶ letter
▶ missive
▶ note
▶ mail

History:

4.	A 2020-12-25 20:04:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc
	Comments:	This is how the JEs do it.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18,4 @@ -<gloss>letter (message)</gloss> +<gloss>letter</gloss> +<gloss>missive</gloss> +<gloss>note</gloss> +<gloss>mail</gloss>
3.	A* 2020-12-25 15:42:17 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	like this? (see Robin's comment below)
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>letter</gloss> +<gloss>letter (message)</gloss>
2.	A 2017-11-08 20:29:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-04 21:01:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It should be probably be indicated that this doesn't refer to a letter of the alphabet. Not sure how, though. Not [adj-no].
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>

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jmdict 1339630 Active (id: 1964000)
出鱈目 [ateji/ichi1]
【でたらめ [ichi1] ；デタラメ (nokanji) 】

1.	[n,adj-na] [uk] ▶ nonsense ▶ irresponsible remark ▶ codswallop ▶ hogwash ▶ rubbish
2.	[adj-na,n] [uk] ▶ random ▶ haphazard ▶ unsystematic

History:

4.	A 2017-11-20 03:27:19 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2017-11-08 02:04:10 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	I think "nonsense" is better gloss to lead with here. でたらめ isn't vulgar so I'd leave out vulgar glosses.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -19 +19,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -21 +20,0 @@ -<gloss>irresponsible utterance</gloss> @@ -23 +22 @@ -<gloss>bullshit</gloss> +<gloss>irresponsible remark</gloss> @@ -24,0 +24,2 @@ +<gloss>hogwash</gloss> +<gloss>rubbish</gloss>
2.	A 2015-04-15 22:56:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2015-04-15 15:47:42
	Diff:	@@ -28,0 +29 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>

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jmdict 1342710 Active (id: 1963544)
初級 [ichi1,news1,nf24]
【しょきゅう [ichi1,news1,nf24] 】

1.

[n,adj-no]
▶ elementary level
▶ beginner level

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 23:38:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-04 17:35:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Less ambiguous.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>beginner level</gloss>

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jmdict 1445430 Active (id: 1964038)
土足 [ichi1,news2,nf47]
【どそく [ichi1,news2,nf47] 】

1.	[n] ▶ shod feet ▶ wearing shoes
2.	[n] ▶ muddy feet ▶ dirty feet

History:

4.	A 2017-11-20 04:43:02 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr 履物を履いたままのこと
3.	A* 2017-11-08 20:53:01 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think "wearing shoes" is helpful for translation purposes.
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>wearing shoes</gloss>
2.	A 2012-09-26 06:42:06 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,1 @@ -<gloss>wearing shoes</gloss> +<gloss>shod feet</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-09-19 02:10:30 Marcus
	Refs:	daijs (sense 1: "履物をはいたままの足。"
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,6 @@ -<gloss>shoes</gloss> +<gloss>wearing shoes</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>muddy feet</gloss> +<gloss>dirty feet</gloss>

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jmdict 1446800 Active (id: 2199492)
島国根性
【しまぐにこんじょう】

1.

[n]
▶ island country mentality
▶ insular spirit
▶ insularism
▶ insularity

History:

4.	A 2022-08-01 02:15:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Remove unsupported yoji tag -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<misc>&yoji;</misc>
3.	A 2017-11-08 20:29:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2017-11-06 17:49:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	Better to lead with these glosses. Don't believe it's [adj-no].
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -13,0 +13,2 @@ +<gloss>island country mentality</gloss> +<gloss>insular spirit</gloss> @@ -16 +16,0 @@ -<gloss>island country mentality</gloss>
1.	A 2014-08-25 01:51:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Kanji Haitani list
	Comments:	Adding yoji tagAdding yoji tag -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&yoji;</misc>

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jmdict 1480170 Active (id: 1964356)
反る [ichi1]
【そる [ichi1] 】

1.	[v5r,vi] ▶ to warp ▶ to curve ▶ to arch ▶ to bend
2.	[v5r,vi] ▶ to bend backward (body or body part, e.g. fingers)

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2017-11-23 06:46:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2017-11-08 23:37:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	With the [vi] tag I think this is sufficient.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<gloss>to be warped</gloss> @@ -18,2 +17 @@ -<gloss>to be curved</gloss> -<gloss>to be arched</gloss> +<gloss>to arch</gloss> @@ -21 +18,0 @@ -<gloss>to be bent</gloss>
2.	A 2012-07-23 03:16:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-07-22 14:50:09 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 daijr koj
	Comments:	* elab “bend backwards” gloss – specifically body part (heard today referring to fingers) * a few more glosses for “bend, warp” sense
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +20,2 @@ +<gloss>to bend</gloss> +<gloss>to be bent</gloss> @@ -24,1 +26,1 @@ -<gloss>to bend (backward)</gloss> +<gloss>to bend backward (body or body part, e.g. fingers)</gloss>

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jmdict 1490830 Active (id: 1963679)
貧困 [ichi1,news1,nf07]
【ひんこん [ichi1,news1,nf07] 】

1.	[n,adj-na,adj-no] ▶ poverty ▶ penury ▶ need ▶ destitution
2.	[n,adj-na,adj-no] ▶ shortage ▶ lack ▶ want

History:

4.	A 2017-11-13 07:41:17 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog, eij
	Comments:	adj-no at least for sense 1
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -26,0 +28 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
3.	A* 2017-11-08 23:23:19 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Noun usage is common.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -18,4 +19,4 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>poor</gloss> -<gloss>needy</gloss> +<gloss>poverty</gloss> +<gloss>penury</gloss> +<gloss>need</gloss> +<gloss>destitution</gloss> @@ -23,0 +25 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -25,4 +27,3 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>lacking</gloss> -<gloss>meagre</gloss> -<gloss>meager</gloss> +<gloss>shortage</gloss> +<gloss>lack</gloss> +<gloss>want</gloss>
2.	A 2012-10-02 07:23:03 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-09-28 06:36:18 Marcus
	Refs:	daijs 研究社新和英中辞典
	Diff:	@@ -20,2 +20,9 @@ -<gloss>poverty</gloss> -<gloss>lack</gloss> +<gloss>poor</gloss> +<gloss>needy</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>lacking</gloss> +<gloss>meagre</gloss> +<gloss>meager</gloss>

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jmdict 1501640 Active (id: 2164007)
払拭 [spec1,news2,nf26] ；払しょく
【ふっしょく [spec1,news2,nf26] ；ふっしき (払拭) 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ wiping out
▶ sweeping away
▶ eradicating
▶ dispelling

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-11-18 01:21:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2017-11-18 06:46:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-08 23:43:17 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 http://www.sanspo.com/soccer/news/20170926/bun17092619530005-n1.html https://japan.cnet.com/article/20410937/
	Comments:	Couple of examples of 払しょく above.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>払しょく</keb> @@ -17,0 +21 @@ +<re_restr>払拭</re_restr> @@ -23,0 +28,2 @@ +<gloss>eradicating</gloss> +<gloss>dispelling</gloss>

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jmdict 1558330 Active (id: 1964355)
列 [ichi1,news1,nf08]
【れつ [ichi1,news1,nf08] 】

1.	[n] ▶ row ▶ line ▶ file ▶ column ▶ queue ▶ rank ▶ procession
2.	[n] ▶ company (of someone) ▶ group ▶ ranks
3.	[n] {mathematics} ▶ sequence
4.	[ctr] ▶ counter for rows

History:

2.	A 2017-11-23 06:45:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	All 48 sentences are for sense 1.
1.	A* 2017-11-08 00:02:27 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5, prog https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/列_(数学)
	Comments:	Added senses. Tough to come up with glosses for sense 2.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18,4 @@ +<gloss>row</gloss> +<gloss>line</gloss> +<gloss>file</gloss> +<gloss>column</gloss> @@ -19,3 +23,12 @@ -<gloss>line</gloss> -<gloss>row</gloss> -<gloss>column</gloss> +<gloss>rank</gloss> +<gloss>procession</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>company (of someone)</gloss> +<gloss>group</gloss> +<gloss>ranks</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&math;</field> @@ -23,2 +36,4 @@ -<gloss>string</gloss> -<gloss>train</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&ctr;</pos> +<gloss>counter for rows</gloss>

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jmdict 1582260 Active (id: 1963522)
島国 [news1,nf18]
【しまぐに [news1,nf18] ；とうごく】

1.

[n]
《sometimes used as a metaphor for Japan》
▶ island country

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 20:28:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think it's useful.
1.	A* 2017-11-06 12:40:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Better as a note (if it's needed at all)?
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>island country (sometimes used as a metaphor for Japan)</gloss> +<s_inf>sometimes used as a metaphor for Japan</s_inf> +<gloss>island country</gloss>

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jmdict 1590650 Active (id: 2159794)
仮住まい [news2,nf33] ；仮住い；仮住居
【かりずまい [news2,nf33] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ temporary residence

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-11-18 00:34:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
3.	A 2017-11-08 23:28:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Oops, misread 仮住居 as 仮住所.
2.	A 2017-11-07 22:40:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-05 02:27:42 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj
	Comments:	仮住所 is read かりじゅうしょ and needs its own entry. 仮住 is not in the refs.
	Diff:	@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>仮住</keb> -</k_ele>

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jmdict 1631330 Active (id: 2067634)
航空自衛隊 [news1,nf13]
【こうくうじえいたい [news1,nf13] 】

1.

[n] {military}
▶ Japan Air Self-Defense Force
▶ JASDF

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2827432 空自【くうじ】 1. Air Self-Defense Force; ASDF

History:

5.	A 2020-05-05 08:00:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<field>&mil;</field>
4.	A 2017-11-11 00:10:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2017-11-08 23:35:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan_Air_Self-Defense_Force
	Comments:	Aligning format with 陸上自衛隊.
	Diff:	@@ -16,2 +16,2 @@ -<gloss>Air Self-Defense Force</gloss> -<gloss>ASDF</gloss> +<gloss>Japan Air Self-Defense Force</gloss> +<gloss>JASDF</gloss>
2.	A 2015-07-24 04:58:18 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2015-07-22 08:33:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	I think its official English name uses the American spelling.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16,2 @@ -<gloss>Air Self-Defense Force (Defence)</gloss> +<gloss>Air Self-Defense Force</gloss> +<gloss>ASDF</gloss>

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jmdict 1729220 Active (id: 2195759)
棒引き [news2,nf44]
【ぼうびき [news2,nf44] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ drawing a line (esp. through an entry in a ledger, record book, etc.) ▶ striking out ▶ crossing out
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ cancellation (of a debt) ▶ writing off
3.	[n] 《e.g. writing ああ as あー》 ▶ indicating a long vowel with a long-vowel mark ▶ long-vowel mark
4.	[n] ▶ tug of war played with a pole

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2022-07-13 05:06:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-07-12 23:54:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj, meikyo, prog, www images
	Comments:	Added sense. I didn't think sense 2 was very clear. Doesn't refer to regular tug of war.
	Diff:	@@ -18,2 +18,3 @@ -<gloss>cancellation</gloss> -<gloss>writing off (a debt)</gloss> +<gloss>drawing a line (esp. through an entry in a ledger, record book, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>striking out</gloss> +<gloss>crossing out</gloss> @@ -25,2 +26,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1607160">長音</xref> -<gloss>indicating a long sound in kana</gloss> +<gloss>cancellation (of a debt)</gloss> +<gloss>writing off</gloss> @@ -30,2 +31,7 @@ -<gloss>tug o' war</gloss> -<gloss>tug of war</gloss> +<s_inf>e.g. writing ああ as あー</s_inf> +<gloss>indicating a long vowel with a long-vowel mark</gloss> +<gloss>long-vowel mark</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>tug of war played with a pole</gloss>
3.	A 2022-07-11 03:46:25 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -23 +24,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1607160">長音・ちょうおん</xref> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1607160">長音</xref>
2.	A 2017-11-22 02:30:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, Daijs, etc.
	Comments:	Yes, masses of images.
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22,6 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1607160">長音・ちょうおん</xref> +<gloss>indicating a long sound in kana</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos>
1.	A* 2017-11-08 03:02:03 Alan Cheng <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	google image search
	Comments:	Could also be vs, but not sure.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>tug o' war</gloss> +<gloss>tug of war</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1867940 Deleted (id: 1963883)
官僚臭
【かんりょうしゅう】

1.

[n]
▶ smack of the bureaucrat

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2211570 臭【しゅう】 2. smacking of; hinting of

History:

2.	D 2017-11-18 06:45:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	D* 2017-11-08 17:50:11 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	A+B. Not in the refs. Mostly Chinese results on Google.

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jmdict 2372570 Deleted (id: 1963967)
対応付け索引方式
【たいおうつけさくいんほうしき】

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ coordinate indexing

History:

3.	D 2017-11-19 22:18:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	D* 2017-11-08 21:51:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Very few WWW hits - almost all EDICT.
1.	A 2008-05-24 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2833786 Deleted (id: 1963662)
清水ポンプ
【しみずポンプ】

1.

[n]
▶ fresh water pump

History:

4.	D 2017-11-13 01:33:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
3.	A* 2017-11-08 23:29:36 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'd say no.
2.	A* 2017-11-08 23:18:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Kagaku glossary.
	Comments:	Needed? A + B.
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>しみずポンプ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -9 +12 @@ -<gloss>???</gloss> +<gloss>fresh water pump</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-11-05 12:25:50

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jmdict 2833787 Active (id: 1963532)
隊務
【たいむ】

1.

[n]
▶ military affairs
▶ military work

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 23:10:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-05 12:28:19 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs

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jmdict 2833788 Active (id: 1963526)
恒常所得
【こうじょうしょとく】

1.

[n]
▶ permanent income

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 20:30:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-05 15:26:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr

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jmdict 2833789 Active (id: 1963545)
変動所得
【へんどうしょとく】

1.

[n]
▶ fluctuating income

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 23:38:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-05 15:28:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr, koj

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jmdict 2833790 Active (id: 1963525)
市域
【しいき】

1.

[n]
▶ municipal area

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 20:29:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-05 22:42:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, koj

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jmdict 2833792 Active (id: 1964211)
県紙
【けんし】

1.

[n]
▶ dominant local newspaper in the prefecture

History:

3.	A 2017-11-22 03:31:49 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2017-11-08 23:15:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Maybe "dominant" is closer?
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>best-selling local newspaper in the prefecture</gloss> +<gloss>dominant local newspaper in the prefecture</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-11-06 06:14:58 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	広告用語辞典, daijs
	Comments:	Struggled to come up with a good gloss. Can be improved.

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jmdict 2833793 Active (id: 1963534)
ブロック紙
【ブロックし】

1.

[n]
▶ large regional newspaper (usu. sold in more than one prefecture)

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 23:12:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this covers both. GG5 just says "regional newspaper".
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>large regional newspaper (that is sold in more than one prefecture)</gloss> +<gloss>large regional newspaper (usu. sold in more than one prefecture)</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-11-06 06:18:41 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij
	Comments:	more than one prefecture OR just Hokkaido prefecture, according to daijs (e.g. Hokkaido Shimbun counts as a ブロック紙 despite only being sold in Hokkaido)

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jmdict 2833794 Active (id: 1963535)
第二県紙
【だいにけんし】

1.

[n]
▶ minor local newspaper

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 23:13:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-06 06:23:47 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs is more wordy/specific: "地方紙のうち、単一の都道府県で発行され、部数などの上で県紙に準ずる新聞。"
	Comments:	"andratidning" in Swedish.

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jmdict 2833796 Active (id: 1963537)
無機塩
【むきえん】

1.

[n]
▶ inorganic salts
▶ inorganic base
▶ mineral salts

History:

2.	A 2017-11-08 23:16:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>inorganic salts, mineral salts</gloss> +<gloss>inorganic salts</gloss> +<gloss>inorganic base</gloss> +<gloss>mineral salts</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-11-07 03:21:40 David Chigusa <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/無機塩

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jmdict 2833798 Active (id: 2296409)
ＯＰ
【オー・ピー；オーピー [sk] 】

1.

[n]
《oft. read オープニング》
▶ opening credits
▶ title sequence

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1032960 オープニング 2. opening credits; title sequence

2.

[n]
▶ theme song (played during the opening credits of a TV show, etc.)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1325880 主題歌 1. theme song
	⇐ see: 1032960 オープニング 3. theme song (played during the opening credits of a TV show, etc.)

3.

[n]
▶ overprint

History:

8.	A 2024-03-28 21:45:57 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Style alignment.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<s_inf>freq. read オープニング</s_inf> +<s_inf>oft. read オープニング</s_inf>
7.	A 2023-03-09 02:36:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	New style.
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>オーピー</reb> +<reb>オー・ピー</reb> @@ -11 +11,2 @@ -<reb>オー・ピー</reb> +<reb>オーピー</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
6.	A 2020-07-01 08:15:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2020-07-01 06:00:54 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.shinkohsha.co.jp/blog/op/ http://printwiki.org/Overprint_Varnish
	Diff:	@@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc> @@ -23 +21,0 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc> @@ -25,0 +24,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>overprint</gloss> +</sense>
4.	A 2017-11-23 09:20:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. I'll try reflecting this in the オープニング entry too.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<s_inf>freq. read オープニング</s_inf>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2017-11-19 05:07:23 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	from the chiebukuro link above: Q:"「OP」と書いてあれば「オーピー」と発声、「ED」と書いてあれば「イーディー」と発声するのが正しいのでしょうか？" BA: " ED（イーディー）だと（性的な意味で）役に立たない病をもった男性をあらわす言葉として一般的なので、ちゃんとエンディングと読んだほうがいいと私は思います。" A1: "パーソナルコンピュータをPC（ピーシー）というのと同じだと思います。なのでその言い方も少なからず居ると言うことです。また、CDを今更コンパクトディスクといわないように、オーピー、イーディーが普通になる可能性もあります。" A2: " 友人さんはただｵｰﾌﾟﾆﾝｸﾞとかｴﾝﾃﾞｨﾝｸﾞという長い読みを、あえてひねくって言っただけだと思います。正しい読み方はｵｰﾌﾟﾆﾝｸﾞやｴﾝﾃﾞｨﾝｸﾞなのですが、別にその友人さんはOPをｵｰﾌﾟﾆﾝｸﾞだと解りきったうえで言ってるのですから別に問題はないかと自分も含めて自分の友達もたまにOPをｵｰﾌﾟﾆﾝｸﾞとあえて言わずｵｰﾋﾟｰと言ったりしますが・・・" A3: "｢OP｣｢ED｣共に表記記号です．発声はそれぞれ｢オープニング｣｢エンディング｣とするのが，やはり普通かと思います｢テレビ｣を｢TV｣と表記するのと同じ感覚ですね．私にしてみると，｢ティーブイ｣と発声する人とは友達になりたくないですね．" A4: "フツーに、オープニング・エンディングだろ。というか、んな言い方ありえんだろ。" A5: "略しても読みは必ずオープニング、エンディングと言います"
	Comments:	The most common way to read this, by far, seems to be "オープニング"
2.	A 2017-11-19 01:34:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	オープニング is already an entry, and it doesn't look like it's suitable for merging. OP is used a lot in English, and it's not clear if any of the others apply in Japanese.
	Diff:	@@ -7,3 +6,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>オープニング</reb> -</r_ele>
1.	A* 2017-11-08 03:52:35 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	http://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/op http://yomikata.org/word/op https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1 422148339

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jmdict 2833799 Active (id: 2226626)
袋詰め；袋詰 [sK]
【ふくろづめ】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ packing (something) in a bag
▶ bagging

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2023-03-27 10:45:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-03-27 08:00:49 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -16 +17,2 @@ -<gloss>packing something in a bag</gloss> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>packing (something) in a bag</gloss>
4.	A 2020-12-11 21:55:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2020-12-11 02:50:37 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://ok-corporation.jp/delivery/delivery2.html https://kotobank.jp/word/選別秤-88927
	Comments:	袋詰め 161749 袋詰 25252
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>袋詰</keb>
2.	A 2017-11-11 00:11:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2017-11-08 04:00:22 Scott
	Refs:	gg5 weblio

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jmdict 2833800 Active (id: 1992200)

がし

1.

[prt]
《after imperative form of a verb》
▶ as if to say
▶ as though

History:

4.	A 2018-11-29 21:58:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Daijr seems to be saying so.
3.	A* 2018-11-29 14:46:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Is this really a prt and not a conjugation?
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9,2 @@ -<gloss>(after imperative form of a verb) as if to say</gloss> +<s_inf>after imperative form of a verb</s_inf> +<gloss>as if to say</gloss>
2.	A 2017-11-23 05:00:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I suspect it's rather obscure.
1.	A* 2017-11-08 06:52:44
	Refs:	大辞泉・大辞林

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jmdict 2833801 Active (id: 1964155)
多剤耐性菌
【たざいたいせいきん】

1.

[n]
▶ multidrug-resistant bacteria

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2112840 多剤耐性【たざいたいせい】 1. multi-drug-resistance; MDR

History:

2.	A 2017-11-21 22:42:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>multidrug-resistant organisms</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="2112840">多剤耐性・たざいたいせい</xref> +<gloss>multidrug-resistant bacteria</gloss>
1.	A* 2017-11-08 11:22:33 huixing
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/多剤耐性菌-560301

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JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

4.	A 2021-04-20 02:19:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	WikiJ ref: 小学館国語辞典編集部『日本国語大辞典』第2版（小学館、2001年）の第2巻851頁には「おうさ（黄砂）」の項目も置かれており、「こうさ（黄砂）」の項目への参照項目となっている。
	Comments:	With Nikkoku alone having おうさ I'm happy to tag it as "irregular kana usage". In fact, it's hardly worth adding.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
3.	A* 2021-04-20 01:49:19 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/黄砂 https://kotobank.jp/word/黄砂-62059
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>おうさ</reb>
2.	A 2017-11-22 03:27:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-11-08 22:48:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_Dust
	Comments:	Splitting. Not just China.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15,9 @@ +<gloss>yellow sand</gloss> +<gloss>yellow dust</gloss> +<gloss>Asian dust</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">dust carried on high winds from Mongolia, northern China, and Kazakhstan</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1182180">黄土・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1182180">黄土・1</xref> @@ -16,3 +25,5 @@ -<gloss>yellow sand</gloss> -<gloss>bai</gloss> -<gloss>dust from the Yellow River region (in China)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1593800">砂漠</xref> +<gloss>desert</gloss>

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