JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1226700 Rejected (id: 1962761)
客観的 [ichi1,news1,nf10]
【きゃっかんてき [ichi1,news1,nf10] 】

1.

[adj-na]
▶ (to be) objective

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1325210 主観的 1. subjective

History:

2.	R 2017-10-26 11:29:44 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	i think it was fine as it was. "subjective" is linked as an antonym
1.	A* 2017-10-26 09:16:17 <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The current definition (objective) is ambiguous as it can be mistaken for "an objective "
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<gloss>objective</gloss> +<gloss>(to be) objective</gloss>

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jmdict 1240110 Active (id: 1962781)
曲名
【きょくめい】

1.

[n]
▶ musical composition title
▶ song title

History:

2.	A 2017-10-26 22:02:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-25 22:08:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Not just songs.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<gloss>musical composition title</gloss> @@ -13 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>song titles</gloss>

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jmdict 1315920 Active (id: 1993634)
時間 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
【じかん [ichi1,news1,nf01] 】

1.

[n]
▶ time

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2842263 お時間【おじかん】 1. (your) time

2.

[n]
▶ hour

3.

[n]
▶ period
▶ class
▶ lesson

History:

8.	A 2018-12-13 02:02:59 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK.
7.	A* 2018-12-12 13:56:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think sense 2 is a counter; it's a unit of measurement like リットル and キログラム, which we don't say are counters.
	Diff:	@@ -22 +21,0 @@ -<pos>&ctr;</pos>
6.	A* 2018-11-21 13:44:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 (sense 3) daijr 4: 学校などで、授業の単位として設けた、一定の長さの時。時限。助数詞的にも用いる。「国語の－」「三－目」 daijs 4: 授業や勤務など、ある一定の区切られた長さの時。「算数の時間」「勤務時間」
	Comments:	I think sense 2 is also a counter and that daij pretty clearly mark it as such. Daijs: 3 時の長さを数える単位。時(じ)。「1時間は60分である」 Daijr: 3 時間の単位。3600秒。助数詞的にも用いる。「飛行機だと二－で行ける」 It could also be a separate sense (like in daij) but I don't know what we'd accomplish by that.
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<pos>&ctr;</pos> @@ -23,0 +25,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>period</gloss> +<gloss>class</gloss> +<gloss>lesson</gloss> +</sense>
5.	A 2017-10-30 10:27:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2017-10-29 13:09:17 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	not a counter. a "counter" is something (usu. one character?) that is not a word on its own but gets suffixed to a number to make a word. this is a word that means "hour" none of my sources has this as anything other than a noun
	Diff:	@@ -21,2 +21,2 @@ -<pos>&ctr;</pos> -<gloss>hours (period of)</gloss> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>hour</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2017-10-26 18:50:25 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Unless I'm missing something obvious, I don't think sense 1 is used adverbially.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
2.	A 2015-09-14 23:11:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2015-09-14 18:31:57 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning the entries 時間, 週間, ヶ月 and 年間
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23 @@ -<gloss>hours</gloss> +<gloss>hours (period of)</gloss>

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jmdict 1320010 Active (id: 2161436)
失職 [news2,nf32]
【しっしょく [news2,nf32] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ losing one's job

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-11-18 00:54:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2017-10-26 22:21:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 22:10:26 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj
	Comments:	Unlike with 失業, the kokugos only have "職を失うこと" for 失職 so I think this is better than "unemployment".
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<gloss>unemployment</gloss> +<gloss>losing one's job</gloss>

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jmdict 1321200 Active (id: 2161435)
実習 [ichi1,news1,nf11]
【じっしゅう [ichi1,news1,nf11] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ practice (in the field)
▶ training (esp. practical and hands-on)
▶ practical exercise
▶ drill

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2021-11-18 00:54:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
5.	A 2017-10-29 13:15:32 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Just felt it didn't add anything. "Practice" is enough.
4.	A 2017-10-29 12:55:22 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	practising seemed fine?
3.	A* 2017-10-26 16:36:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: "講義などで学んだ技術や方法などを実地または実物にあたって学ぶこと"
	Comments:	I think this explains the meaning a little more clearly.
	Diff:	@@ -19,3 +19 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>practice</gloss> -<gloss>practising</gloss> +<gloss>practice (in the field)</gloss> @@ -22,0 +21 @@ +<gloss>practical exercise</gloss>
2.	A 2013-02-03 06:30:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2013-02-03 01:07:33 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	rm 'practise' wherever it occurs as a noun
	Diff:	@@ -21,1 +21,1 @@ -<gloss>practise</gloss> +<gloss>practising</gloss>

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jmdict 1321380 Active (id: 1963028)
実地 [news1,nf23]
【じっち [news1,nf23] 】

1.	[n] ▶ practice (as opposed to theory) ▶ actual practice
2.	[n] ▶ actual site ▶ (at) the scene ▶ (on) the spot

History:

3.	A 2017-10-31 11:27:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2017-10-26 21:09:46 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog, gg5
	Comments:	Clearer.
	Diff:	@@ -16,2 +16,2 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>practice</gloss> +<gloss>practice (as opposed to theory)</gloss> +<gloss>actual practice</gloss> @@ -21,2 +21,3 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>the actual site</gloss> +<gloss>actual site</gloss> +<gloss>(at) the scene</gloss> +<gloss>(on) the spot</gloss>
1.	A 2013-02-03 01:09:04 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	rm 'practise' wherever it occurs as a noun
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,0 @@ -<gloss>practise</gloss>

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jmdict 1336260 Active (id: 2161567)
重視 [ichi1,news1,nf04]
【じゅうし [ichi1,news1,nf04] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ regarding as important
▶ attaching importance to
▶ taking a serious view of
▶ putting emphasis on

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-11-18 00:56:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
4.	A 2017-10-26 00:49:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2017-10-26 00:40:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, ウィズダム和英辞典
	Comments:	I think better noun glosses eliminates the need for a separate [vs] sense. "Importance" and "stress" aren't very helpful.
	Diff:	@@ -18,5 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>importance</gloss> -<gloss>stress</gloss> -<gloss>serious consideration</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> @@ -24,3 +19,4 @@ -<gloss>to take something seriously</gloss> -<gloss>to attach importance</gloss> -<gloss>to stress</gloss> +<gloss>regarding as important</gloss> +<gloss>attaching importance to</gloss> +<gloss>taking a serious view of</gloss> +<gloss>putting emphasis on</gloss>
2.	A 2012-11-07 09:55:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, ルミナス, etc.
	Comments:	Probably best split.
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -23,0 +22,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>to take something seriously</gloss> +<gloss>to attach importance</gloss> +<gloss>to stress</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A* 2012-11-05 23:16:41
	Comments:	Hi, the meaning of 重視する is not terribly clear from this entry, not even whether it would be a transitive or intransitive verb.

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jmdict 1392840 Active (id: 2198618)
前掲
【ぜんけい】

1.

[adj-no,n,vs,vt]
▶ above-mentioned
▶ given above
▶ previously shown

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2022-07-27 01:43:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update of vi-vt tags from meikyo -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2017-10-30 10:24:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 11:31:41 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr
	Comments:	Also [vs].
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -12,2 +13,4 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>above-named</gloss> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>above-mentioned</gloss> +<gloss>given above</gloss> +<gloss>previously shown</gloss>

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jmdict 1468380 Active (id: 2155589)
年間 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
【ねんかん [ichi1,news1,nf01] 】

1.	[n,adv] ▶ (period of) a year
2.	[n-suf] ▶ during the era (of)

History:

8.	A 2021-11-04 19:42:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2021-11-04 18:13:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	I think this is clearer.
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23 @@ -<gloss>during an era</gloss> +<gloss>during the era (of)</gloss>
6.	A 2021-03-28 05:56:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update: Replace n-t with n,adv -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17,2 @@ -<pos>&n-t;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos>
5.	A 2017-10-30 10:25:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2017-10-29 13:03:07 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	it's not a counter at all. calling it a counter confuses the parsing. it's [一年]間, not 一[年間]. the original n-t was correct
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +17 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&ctr;</pos> +<pos>&n-t;</pos> @@ -22 +21 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2017-10-26 19:18:40 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr 年間降水量. annual precipitation. わが国の対米輸出額は年間100億ドルに達する.　Japanese exports to the US amount to $10 billion a year. 島は年間を通して温暖な気候に恵まれている. The island enjoys a mild climate all year around.
	Comments:	It's not just a counter. Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -18 +19,5 @@ -<gloss>years (period of)</gloss> +<gloss>(period of) a year</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>during an era</gloss>
2.	A 2015-09-14 23:09:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2015-09-14 18:32:25 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning the entries 時間, 週間, ヶ月 and 年間
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +17,2 @@ -<pos>&n-t;</pos> -<gloss>year (period of)</gloss> +<pos>&ctr;</pos> +<gloss>years (period of)</gloss>

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jmdict 1469000 Active (id: 1962864)
年中 [ichi1,news1,nf16] ；年じゅう
【ねんじゅう [ichi1,news1,nf16] ；ねんちゅう (年中)；ねんぢゅう (年中) 】

1.	[n] ▶ whole year ▶ all year round ▶ throughout the year
2.	(ねんじゅう,ねんぢゅう only) [adv] ▶ always ▶ all the time ▶ perpetually
3.	[n] ▶ during an era
4.	(ねんちゅう only) [n] ▶ middle class (of a nursery school, etc.)

History:

8.	A 2017-10-29 15:41:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Ok, I don't have a problem with keeping it. Meikyo wasn't one of the refs you listed. I assumed the reading was added in error.
7.	A* 2017-10-29 12:59:01 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	my IME also automatically converts ねんぢゅう --> 年中
6.	A* 2017-10-29 12:56:20 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo: 現代仮名遣いでは「ねんぢゅう」も許容
	Comments:	is there any reason to drop it?
5.	A* 2017-10-26 21:22:36 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj
	Comments:	Added sense. Rene added ねんぢゅう in 2011 but I don't see it in any of the refs (aside from an archaic example from 日葡辞書). Can we drop it?
	Diff:	@@ -38,0 +39,5 @@ +<gloss>perpetually</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>during an era</gloss>
4.	A 2017-03-02 00:19:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2017-02-28 16:45:19 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 年中 3578506 年じゅう 8535 ねんじゅう 1911 ねんちゅう 902 ねんぢゅう No matches
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>年じゅう</keb> @@ -17,0 +21 @@ +<re_restr>年中</re_restr> @@ -20,0 +25 @@ +<re_restr>年中</re_restr>
2.	A 2011-09-12 00:28:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-09-11 06:44:55 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, gg5
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,6 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ねんちゅう</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ねんぢゅう</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -17,1 +23,0 @@ -<pos>&n-adv;</pos> @@ -20,0 +25,7 @@ +<gloss>all year round</gloss> +<gloss>throughout the year</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>ねんじゅう</stagr> +<stagr>ねんぢゅう</stagr> +<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -21,1 +33,6 @@ -<gloss>everyday</gloss> +<gloss>all the time</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>ねんちゅう</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>middle class (of a nursery school, etc.)</gloss>

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jmdict 1476050 Active (id: 1962879)
縛る [ichi1,news1,nf12]
【しばる [ichi1,news1,nf12] 】

1.	[v5r,vt] ▶ to tie ▶ to bind ▶ to fasten
2.	[v5r,vt] ▶ to restrict (freedom) ▶ to tie down (with rules, regulations, etc.) ▶ to fetter

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2017-10-29 17:17:48 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 17:30:12 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,8 @@ +<gloss>to fasten</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to restrict (freedom)</gloss> +<gloss>to tie down (with rules, regulations, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to fetter</gloss>

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jmdict 1484100 Active (id: 1962798)
秘伝 [news2,nf43]
【ひでん [news2,nf43] 】

1.

[n,adj-no]
▶ secret (recipe, medicine, etc.)
▶ mysteries (e.g. of an art)

History:

2.	A 2017-10-27 03:04:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 21:50:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Comments:	I think this helps explain the usage.
	Diff:	@@ -17,3 +17,2 @@ -<gloss>secret</gloss> -<gloss>mystery</gloss> -<gloss>secret formula</gloss> +<gloss>secret (recipe, medicine, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>mysteries (e.g. of an art)</gloss>

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jmdict 1495110 Active (id: 1962762)
不毛 [ichi1,news2,nf26]
【ふもう [ichi1,news2,nf26] 】

1.	[adj-no,adj-na,n] ▶ barren ▶ sterile ▶ infertile
2.	[adj-na,adj-no,n] ▶ unproductive (e.g. discussion) ▶ fruitless

History:

2.	A 2017-10-26 11:30:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 11:12:11 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Splitting.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -18,0 +20,6 @@ +<gloss>barren</gloss> +<gloss>sterile</gloss> +<gloss>infertile</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> @@ -20,4 +27,3 @@ -<gloss>sterile</gloss> -<gloss>barren</gloss> -<gloss>unproductive</gloss> -<gloss>sour</gloss> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>unproductive (e.g. discussion)</gloss> +<gloss>fruitless</gloss>

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jmdict 1495120 Active (id: 1962973)
不毛の地 [news2,nf43]
【ふもうのち [news2,nf43] 】

1.

[exp,n]
▶ barren land
▶ sterile soil
▶ wasteland

History:

2.	A 2017-10-31 00:26:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 11:15:27 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	"Deserted" is an odd choice of adjective.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -16 +17,3 @@ -<gloss>deserted and desolate land</gloss> +<gloss>barren land</gloss> +<gloss>sterile soil</gloss> +<gloss>wasteland</gloss>

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jmdict 1497400 Active (id: 1962997)
浮き浮き [ichi1]
【うきうき [ichi1] ；ウキウキ (nokanji) 】

1.

[adv,adv-to,vs] [uk]
▶ cheerfully
▶ buoyantly
▶ happily
▶ in high spirits

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2120850 きゃぴきゃぴ 1. brimming with youthful enthusiasm; in high spirits; raring to go; overflowing with youthful energy; acting all cute and charged up

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2017-10-31 09:28:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 17:16:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 prog ex: "村人は浮き浮きと芝居見物に集まって来た"
	Comments:	Not always [vs] so I think adverb glosses are preferable here.
	Diff:	@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ -<gloss>cheerful</gloss> -<gloss>buoyant</gloss> -<gloss>cheery</gloss> -<gloss>lighthearted</gloss> +<gloss>cheerfully</gloss> +<gloss>buoyantly</gloss> +<gloss>happily</gloss> +<gloss>in high spirits</gloss>

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jmdict 1534930 Active (id: 1962797)
黙る [ichi1,news1,nf09]
【だまる [ichi1,news1,nf09] 】

1.

[v5r,vi]
▶ to be silent
▶ to say nothing

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2017-10-27 03:04:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Some refs have up to 4 senses.
1.	A* 2017-10-26 08:23:35 Noa
	Comments:	It is important to note that this is about human speech.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>to say nothing</gloss>

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jmdict 1545150 Active (id: 1962786)
幼子 [spec2,news2,nf38] ；幼な子；おさな子
【おさなご [spec2,news2,nf38] 】

1.

[n]
▶ infant
▶ baby
▶ little child

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1545160 幼児【ようじ】 1. young child; toddler

History:

3.	A 2017-10-26 22:21:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dunno what happened there. Pasting error possibly.
2.	A* 2017-10-26 22:07:10 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr: "おさなづま【幼妻】年が若くて，まだ子供っぽい感じの妻"
	Comments:	I assume you meant 幼な子? 幼な妻 (おさなづま) is a different word.
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<keb>幼な妻</keb> +<keb>幼な子</keb>
1.	A* 2017-10-25 22:59:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	WWW hits. Both other forms common. JEs have xref.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,6 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>幼な妻</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>おさな子</keb> @@ -17,0 +24 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1545160">幼児・ようじ・1</xref>

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jmdict 1550590 Active (id: 1962877)
裏付ける [news2,nf46] ；裏づける [spec1]
【うらづける [spec1,news2,nf46] 】

1.

[v1,vt]
▶ to support (a theory, claim, etc.)
▶ to back up
▶ to substantiate
▶ to prove

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2017-10-29 17:14:27 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 21:27:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, WWW hits
	Comments:	Not "support" as in "support a candidate". Don't like "endorse" as a gloss. 裏付ける is by far the most common form.
	Diff:	@@ -4,4 +3,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>裏づける</keb> -<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> -</k_ele> @@ -11,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>裏づける</keb> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -22,2 +22,2 @@ -<gloss>to support</gloss> -<gloss>to endorse</gloss> +<gloss>to support (a theory, claim, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to back up</gloss> @@ -24,0 +25 @@ +<gloss>to prove</gloss>

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jmdict 1588450 Active (id: 1962878)
裏付け [news1,nf10] ；裏づけ；裏付 [io]
【うらづけ [news1,nf10] 】

1.

[n]
▶ support (e.g. for an argument)
▶ backing
▶ proof
▶ evidence
▶ corroboration
▶ substantiation
▶ guarantee
▶ security

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1550190 裏【うら】 6. proof

History:

2.	A 2017-10-29 17:16:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij
	Comments:	裏付 is io outside of compounds
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 18:47:18 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5, prog
	Comments:	Felt this had too many confusing and unhelpful glosses. I think this is more than sufficient. Daijs is the only ref with a "lining" sense so I dropped those glosses as well. Not [adj-no].
	Diff:	@@ -22 +22 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>support (e.g. for an argument)</gloss> @@ -24,3 +24,5 @@ -<gloss>support</gloss> -<gloss>endorsement</gloss> -<gloss>collateral</gloss> +<gloss>proof</gloss> +<gloss>evidence</gloss> +<gloss>corroboration</gloss> +<gloss>substantiation</gloss> +<gloss>guarantee</gloss> @@ -28,6 +29,0 @@ -<gloss>guarantee</gloss> -<gloss>proof</gloss> -<gloss>substantiation</gloss> -<gloss>foundation</gloss> -<gloss>lining (something)</gloss> -<gloss>something lined</gloss>

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jmdict 1604670 Active (id: 1962754)
見逃す [ichi1,news2,nf44] ；見のがす；見遁す；見逃がす [io]
【みのがす [ichi1,news2,nf44] 】

1.

[v5s,vt]
▶ to miss
▶ to overlook
▶ to fail to notice

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1630870 見逃し【みのがし】 1. overlooking

2.

[v5s,vt]
▶ to let pass (a matter)
▶ to overlook (e.g. a wrongdoing)
▶ to turn a blind eye to

3.

[v5s,vt]
▶ to pass up (e.g. an opportunity)

4.

[v5s,vt] {baseball}
▶ to let (a good ball) go by

Conjugations

History:

8.	A 2017-10-26 04:44:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2017-10-26 01:44:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr
	Comments:	Added sense. Tidied up existing glosses.
	Diff:	@@ -36,2 +36,3 @@ -<gloss>to turn a blind eye (to a wrongdoing etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to ignore</gloss> +<gloss>to let pass (a matter)</gloss> +<gloss>to overlook (e.g. a wrongdoing)</gloss> +<gloss>to turn a blind eye to</gloss> @@ -42 +43,7 @@ -<gloss>to pass up (an opportunity etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to pass up (e.g. an opportunity)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5s;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<field>&baseb;</field> +<gloss>to let (a good ball) go by</gloss>
6.	A 2014-12-21 00:29:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2014-12-20 18:07:26 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, ngrams
	Comments:	見逃がす in no dic, 逃がす=にがす, so io
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<keb>見逃がす</keb> +<keb>見のがす</keb> @@ -14 +14,5 @@ -<keb>見のがす</keb> +<keb>見遁す</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>見逃がす</keb> +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2014-10-31 09:38:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 中辞典
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2014-10-31 02:48:35 Not Meiryo-Name <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	djs; djr; prog3e; kenkyu中
	Comments:	there are 2 main split of senses: a) not noticing; b) noticing but not acting on something Some dictionaries (djs, djr, and prog3e) split b) further into "ignoring wrong doing" and "passing up on opportunity". kenkyu 中 doesn't.
	Diff:	@@ -27 +27,12 @@ -<gloss>to leave at large</gloss> +<gloss>to fail to notice</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5s;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to turn a blind eye (to a wrongdoing etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to ignore</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5s;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to pass up (an opportunity etc.)</gloss>
2.	A 2011-03-05 22:32:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-03-05 20:21:04
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>見のがす</keb>

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jmdict 1642080 Active (id: 1963019)
物思い；もの思い
【ものおもい】

1.

[n]
▶ reverie
▶ meditation
▶ anxiety
▶ thought
▶ pensiveness

History:

2.	A 2017-10-31 10:43:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 15:06:06 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	googits 物思い 415K もの思い 120K
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>もの思い</keb>

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jmdict 1689940 Active (id: 1962999)
飛電
【ひでん】

1.	[n] ▶ flash of lightning
2.	[n] ▶ urgent telegram ▶ express telegraph

History:

2.	A 2017-10-31 09:31:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 21:53:05 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,6 @@ -<gloss>urgent or express telegraph</gloss> +<gloss>flash of lightning</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>urgent telegram</gloss> +<gloss>express telegraph</gloss>

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jmdict 1701980 Active (id: 1962988)
書き損なう；書損なう
【かきそこなう】

1.	[v5u,vt] ▶ to write incorrectly ▶ to miswrite
2.	[v5u,vt] ▶ to spoil (e.g. a letter) due to writing mistakes ▶ to ruin ▶ to make a mess of

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2017-10-31 04:43:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 22:23:34 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	Only prog splits but I think it works well.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>書損なう</keb> @@ -11,0 +15,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to write incorrectly</gloss> @@ -13,0 +19,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v5u;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to spoil (e.g. a letter) due to writing mistakes</gloss> +<gloss>to ruin</gloss> +<gloss>to make a mess of</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1855310 Active (id: 1962929)
前傾 [news2,nf35]
【ぜんけい [news2,nf35] 】

1.	[n,vs] ▶ forward inclination (of the body) ▶ bending forward
2.	[n,vs] {medicine} ▶ anteversion

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2017-10-30 11:05:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 11:01:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	GG5 has "anteversion". Definitely a separate sense. Not [adj-no].
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +17,8 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>forward inclination (tilt)</gloss> +<gloss>forward inclination (of the body)</gloss> +<gloss>bending forward</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<field>&med;</field> +<gloss>anteversion</gloss>

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jmdict 2064980 Active (id: 2276091)
騒つく [rK]
【ざわつく；ザワつく [sk] 】

1.

[v5k,vi] [uk]
▶ to be noisy
▶ to be astir
▶ to be abuzz
▶ to be in commotion
▶ to be aflutter
▶ to be unsettled
▶ to be discomposed

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2023-09-02 00:46:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2023-09-01 22:08:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	The refs only have one sense. I don't think the split is needed.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<re_nokanji/> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -18,2 +17,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1005430">ざわざわ・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1403050">ざわめく</xref> @@ -21,7 +19,7 @@ -<gloss>to be noisy (e.g. from people talking)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v5k;</pos> -<pos>&vi;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to be discomposed (e.g. feelings)</gloss> +<gloss>to be noisy</gloss> +<gloss>to be astir</gloss> +<gloss>to be abuzz</gloss> +<gloss>to be in commotion</gloss> +<gloss>to be aflutter</gloss> +<gloss>to be unsettled</gloss> +<gloss>to be discomposed</gloss>
7.	A 2022-06-03 23:17:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-06-03 20:28:56 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts \| 騒つく　 \| 109 \| 0.6% \| \| ざわつく \| 17,774 \| 93.3% \| \| ザワつく \| 1,177 \| 6.2% \|
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -18 +19 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1403050">騒めく・ざわめく</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1403050">ざわめく</xref>
5.	A 2017-10-31 10:41:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	As in 騒めく.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1403050">騒めく・ざわめく</xref>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2017-10-26 14:47:34 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj (not in my other refs) googits 23500
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>騒つく</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8,0 +12 @@ +<re_nokanji/> @@ -13,0 +18 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -18,0 +24 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
3.	A 2013-07-21 05:20:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-07-21 04:43:11 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog "「ざわつく」には人の心や世情に落ち着きがない意も含まれるとのこと。" http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1149281171 http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1283614842 http://thesaurus.weblio.jp/content/胸中がざわつく
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v5k;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to be discomposed (e.g. feelings)</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A 2005-10-20 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2127450 Active (id: 1962906)

ニヤリ；にやり

1.

[adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ meaningfully (smiling, grinning, etc.)
▶ suggestively
▶ broadly
▶ sneeringly

History:

6.	A 2017-10-30 09:42:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
5.	A* 2017-10-26 08:10:55 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	looks good, but I want to emphasize that it is not a general purpose adverb
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>meaningfully</gloss> +<gloss>meaningfully (smiling, grinning, etc.)</gloss> @@ -16 +16 @@ -<gloss>broadly (e.g. grinning)</gloss> +<gloss>broadly</gloss>
4.	A* 2017-10-26 00:49:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5: 彼はそれを聞いてにやりと笑った. When he heard that, he 「sneered [sniggered]. 中辞典: 少年は私と目が合うと, 意味ありげににやりと笑った. When our eyes met the boy grinned meaningfully. Daijr: 声をたてずに、意味ありげな笑いを顔に浮かべるさま。
	Comments:	I think this is more like the general meaning.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,4 @@ -<gloss>grinning broadly</gloss> +<gloss>meaningfully</gloss> +<gloss>suggestively</gloss> +<gloss>broadly (e.g. grinning)</gloss> +<gloss>sneeringly</gloss>
3.	A* 2017-10-25 11:29:37 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	maybe "broadly (grinning)" since it is usually followed by 笑う
2.	A* 2017-10-25 11:23:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this word order works better as a gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>broadly grinning</gloss> +<gloss>grinning broadly</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2007-01-21 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2420850 Active (id: 1962753)
根明；根明か [io]
【ねあか；ネアカ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n,adj-na] [uk]
▶ innate cheerfulness

Cross references:
	⇔ ant: 1290080 根暗 1. dark-natured; gloomy; dour; moody; insular; glum; pessimistic

2.

[n] [uk]
▶ innately cheerful person
▶ happy-go-lucky person
▶ natural optimist

History:

3.	A 2017-10-26 04:44:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2017-10-26 01:25:20 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s: "（名・形動）"
	Comments:	Appears to be [uk]. Based on WWW hits, ネアカ is far more common than the other forms.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> @@ -19,0 +22 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -23,0 +27 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
1.	A 2008-11-21 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2833708 Active (id: 1962752)
年半；年中
【としなか】

1.

[n]
▶ middle of a year

History:

2.	A 2017-10-26 04:42:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 01:49:37 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs
	Comments:	Not a common word.

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jmdict 2833709 Active (id: 1962928)
押しこくる
【おしこくる】

1.

[v5r,vt]
《Gunma dialect》
▶ to push forcefully

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2017-10-30 11:05:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2017-10-26 15:24:35 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11,2 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 15:23:07 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki(群馬弁) http://www.weblio.jp/content/おしこくる
	Comments:	saw this in the sentence ありったけの力で押しこくりました (the implicit object is a door that has been stuck)

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jmdict 2833710 Active (id: 1962788)
島弧
【とうこ】

1.

[n]
▶ island arc
▶ crescent-shaped archipelago

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2833706 弧状列島 1. island arc; crescent-shaped archipelago

History:

2.	A 2017-10-26 22:22:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 21:56:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, koj
	Comments:	Kokugos redirects to 弧状列島

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jmdict 2833711 Active (id: 2087399)
乳糜；乳び；乳ビ
【にゅうび (乳糜, 乳び)；にゅうビ (乳ビ) 】

1.

[n] {physiology}
▶ chyle

History:

6.	A 2020-11-07 18:04:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<field>&biol;</field> +<field>&physiol;</field>
5.	A 2017-10-31 23:54:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK, I'll change it. We should consider a "physiol" tag. I'll add "biol" to 引っ掻き反射 too.
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<field>&med;</field> +<field>&biol;</field>
4.	A* 2017-10-27 19:23:00 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I was asking myself the same question when I submitted 引っ掻き反射 / scratch reflex. It is also labelled 生理 / physiology in gg5.
3.	A* 2017-10-26 23:43:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's a physiology term according to GG5 and Oxford. Would [biol] be a more accurate tag?
2.	A* 2017-10-26 22:19:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	WWW pages, Honyaku discussion.
	Comments:	Seems it's often 乳ビ.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>乳ビ</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -11,0 +15,6 @@ +<re_restr>乳糜</re_restr> +<re_restr>乳び</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>にゅうビ</reb> +<re_restr>乳ビ</re_restr>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2017-10-26 22:09:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, Eijiro, LSD

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jmdict 2833712 Active (id: 1962996)
書き損じ；書損じ
【かきそんじ】

1.

[n]
▶ slip of the pen
▶ mistake in writing

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2076790 書き損ない【かきそこない】 1. slip of the pen; mistake in writing

2.

[n]
▶ something ruined by a mistake in writing (e.g. postcard)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2076790 書き損ない【かきそこない】 2. something ruined by a mistake in writing (e.g. postcard)

History:

2.	A 2017-10-31 09:28:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-10-26 23:07:55 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, koj

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12.	A 2023-08-31 02:00:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
11.	A* 2023-08-30 23:35:58 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Hiding 帰すう as suggested by Marcus
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8,2 @@ -<keb>帰すう</keb> +<keb>帰趣</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -11,2 +12,2 @@ -<keb>帰趣</keb> -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<keb>帰すう</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -17 +17,0 @@ -<re_restr>帰すう</re_restr> @@ -21,2 +20,0 @@ -<re_restr>帰趨</re_restr> -<re_restr>帰趣</re_restr>
10.	A 2022-07-15 07:17:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	中辞典: tendency; trend
	Comments:	I think it's OK.
9.	A* 2022-07-15 06:21:40 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk (single sense, our sense 1) 帰趨 29358 95.4% 帰趣 368 1.2% 帰すう 1040 3.4% hiddenForm
	Comments:	actually not seeing "tendency, trend, drift" in kokugos etc. is it correct?
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>帰趣</keb> +<keb>帰すう</keb> @@ -11 +11,2 @@ -<keb>帰すう</keb> +<keb>帰趣</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -24,0 +26,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -30,0 +34 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
8.	A 2017-11-02 03:43:39 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	thanks
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A* 2017-11-01 19:43:05
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20,2 @@ +<re_restr>帰趨</re_restr> +<re_restr>帰趣</re_restr>
6.	A 2017-10-31 10:14:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2017-10-26 20:53:17 Nikolai Vavilov <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	MS IME
	Comments:	The uncommon kanji is frequently replaced with hiragana.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>帰すう</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -12,0 +16 @@ +<re_restr>帰すう</re_restr>
4.	A 2015-08-14 12:50:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2015-08-14 02:54:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	no ref is forthcoming for that sense. merging
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>帰趣</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,4 @@ +<re_restr>帰趨</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>きしゅ</reb> @@ -22,4 +28,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>(legal) disposition</gloss> -</sense>
2.	A* 2015-08-01 02:13:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Koj, Daijr, GG5, 中辞典, etc.
	Comments:	Only the 中辞典 mentions a tendency/trend meaning. No sign of "(legal) disposition". Any reference? Also both Koj and Daijr have an entry for 帰趣/帰趨/きしゅ which they say means the same as this one, opening up a potential merge. We have an old entry for just 帰趣/きしゅ meaning "direction", which doesn't really fit. Any views on this? I am doubting that entry.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,5 @@ +<gloss>outcome (of a course of events)</gloss> +<gloss>consequence</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -17,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos>
1.	A* 2015-07-30 22:11:27 Keith Krulak <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,3 @@ +<sense> +<gloss>(legal) disposition</gloss> +</sense>

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JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ outcome (of a course of events) ▶ consequence
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ tendency ▶ trend ▶ drift

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