JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1021980 Active (id: 2211733)
伊蘭 [rK,ateji]
【イラン】

[n] [uk]
▶ Iran

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2005220 波斯【ペルシャ】 1. Persia

History:

15.	A 2022-10-21 06:03:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't even like it in a note. Daijirin has 「伊蘭」とも書く, so I guess it might be OK here. We do it for ドイツ, イタリア and フランス.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
14.	A* 2022-10-21 00:24:21 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Quoting my comment from 2014: "isn't it better to keep these in "kanji"? the notes gives these sometimes extremely obscure ateji more prominence than keeping them as ateji, when tagged with uk. you also lose the very information that it is indeed ateji and it kind comes across as if this is another, current way of writing it."
13.	A* 2022-10-20 11:20:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think this should be in the kanji field. It's an ateji that's almost never used in Japanese, and we already have it in the castor oil plant entry, as do the kokugos.
12.	A* 2022-10-20 01:39:24 Nicolas Maia
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>伊蘭</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -9 +13 @@ -<s_inf>also written as 伊蘭</s_inf> +<misc>&uk;</misc>
11.	A 2016-11-23 22:04:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 10 older log entries)
10.	A* 2016-11-23 20:15:03 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -9 +8,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc>
9.	A 2014-12-16 23:15:31 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2014-12-14 07:40:12 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	we established long ago the "パン rule" that says that when an "ateji" or similar kanji headword (like 麺麭 for パン) is incredibly obscure compared to the kana, then we would just include it as a note.
7.	A* 2014-12-14 02:52:25 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	isn't it better to keep these in "kanji"? the notes gives these sometimes extremely obscure ateji more prominence than keeping them as ateji, when tagged with uk. you also lose the very information that it is indeed ateji and it kind comes across as if this is another, current way of writing it.
6.	A 2014-12-13 21:49:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2014-12-13 21:22:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	衣蘭 is not in any source. daijirin lists as 伊蘭. wikipedia redirects from 伊蘭 to イラン (but does nothing with 衣蘭), and it is written using 伊 in chinese
	Diff:	@@ -4,4 +3,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>衣蘭</keb> -<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> -</k_ele> @@ -13,0 +10 @@ +<s_inf>also written as 伊蘭</s_inf>
4.	A 2012-09-23 11:53:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2012-09-23 07:51:05 Marcus
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,1 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -8,3 +9,0 @@ -<reb>いらん</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -12,1 +10,0 @@ -<re_nokanji/>
2.	A 2011-03-22 08:29:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	has to be uk as well
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
1.	A* 2011-03-22 05:03:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>いらん</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -10,3 +13,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>いらん</reb>

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jmdict 1311620 Active (id: 1957013)
紙面 [ichi1,news1,nf08]
【しめん [ichi1,news1,nf08] 】

1.	[n] ▶ space on a page (e.g. in a newspaper)
2.	[n] ▶ surface of paper
3.	[n] ▶ letter ▶ writings ▶ document

History:

4.	A 2017-08-03 23:11:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2017-08-03 10:45:05 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj
	Comments:	All the 国語s mention newspapers. Added senses.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18,11 @@ -<gloss>space (page)</gloss> +<gloss>space on a page (e.g. in a newspaper)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>surface of paper</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>letter</gloss> +<gloss>writings</gloss> +<gloss>document</gloss>
2.	A 2016-11-23 23:35:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Done. Thanks.
1.	A* 2016-11-23 09:18:23 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Tanaka sentence 47230_209968 should be tagged with 紙面

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jmdict 1465580 Active (id: 2212397)
入る [ichi1]
【いる [ichi1] 】

[v5r,vi]
《mainly used in fixed expressions and literary language》
▶ to enter
▶ to go in
▶ to get in
▶ to come in

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1465590 入る【はいる】 1. to enter; to come in; to go in; to get in; to arrive

[v5r,vi]
▶ to set (of the sun or moon)
▶ to sink
▶ to go down

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2209310 没る【いる】 1. to set (of the sun)

[v5r,vi]
▶ to attain (nirvana, enlightenment, etc.)
▶ to achieve
▶ to reach (e.g. a climax)

[suf,v5r]
《after -masu stem of verb》
▶ to do fully
▶ to do intently
▶ to do sincerely
▶ to do deeply
▶ to feel keenly

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1683000 感じ入る 1. to be deeply impressed (by); to be moved (by); to admire greatly
	⇒ see: 1505870 聞き入る 1. to listen attentively to; to be absorbed in (listening to)

[suf,v5r]
《after -masu stem of verb》
▶ to (reach a state) completely

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1850250 寝入る 1. to fall asleep
	⇒ see: 1386740 絶え入る 1. to expire; to die; to draw one's last breath

Conjugations

History:

8.	A 2022-10-30 23:57:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2022-10-29 23:51:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, meikyo, nikk
	Comments:	Expanding.
	Diff:	@@ -16,3 +16,3 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1221740">気に入る</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1852100">立ち入る・1</xref> -<s_inf>mainly used in fixed expressions and compound verbs</s_inf> +<s_inf>mainly used in fixed expressions and literary language</s_inf> +<gloss>to enter</gloss> +<gloss>to go in</gloss> @@ -20 +19,0 @@ -<gloss>to go in</gloss> @@ -22,3 +21,34 @@ -<gloss>to flow into</gloss> -<gloss>to set</gloss> -<gloss>to set in</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to set (of the sun or moon)</gloss> +<gloss>to sink</gloss> +<gloss>to go down</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to attain (nirvana, enlightenment, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to achieve</gloss> +<gloss>to reach (e.g. a climax)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1683000">感じ入る</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1505870">聞き入る</xref> +<s_inf>after -masu stem of verb</s_inf> +<gloss>to do fully</gloss> +<gloss>to do intently</gloss> +<gloss>to do sincerely</gloss> +<gloss>to do deeply</gloss> +<gloss>to feel keenly</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1850250">寝入る</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1386740">絶え入る</xref> +<s_inf>after -masu stem of verb</s_inf> +<gloss>to (reach a state) completely</gloss>
6.	A 2016-11-28 10:27:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK.
5.	A* 2016-11-28 10:04:51 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Many beginners will at some point ask, how do I know if 入る is read はいる or いる. The note answers that question. ---- With the note in place, I don't mid the original (P) tag.
	Diff:	@@ -6 +6 @@ -<ke_pri>ichi2</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> @@ -10 +10 @@ -<re_pri>ichi2</re_pri> +<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri>
4.	A 2016-11-28 05:13:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not sure about that note. It's accurate, of course.
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2016-11-27 12:58:07 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1465590">入る・はいる・1</xref> @@ -15,0 +17,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1852100">立ち入る・1</xref> +<s_inf>mainly used in fixed expressions and compound verbs</s_inf>
2.	A 2016-11-27 02:06:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think it can go to "ichi2".
	Diff:	@@ -6 +6 @@ -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>ichi2</ke_pri> @@ -10 +10 @@ -<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri> +<re_pri>ichi2</re_pri>
1.	A* 2016-11-23 07:50:01 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Should this really have a (P) tag? I don't think it is very common, except in compound verbs and certain set expressions such as 気に入る, but then those have (P) tags. There is only one Tanaka sentence tagged 入る(いる) and 842 tagged 入る(はいる).

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jmdict 1472650 Active (id: 1939675)
背 [ichi1,news1,nf09] ；脊
【せい [ichi1,news1,nf09] 】

[n]
▶ height
▶ stature

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2147990 背【せ】 3. height; stature

History:

2.	A 2016-11-23 00:02:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-11-22 18:10:44 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5: xrefs to 背(せ) koj: (セ（背）の転
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2147990">背・せ・3</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2147990">背・せ・3</xref>

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jmdict 1597530 Active (id: 1939713)
茶碗 [spec1] ；茶わん [ichi1,news1,nf21]
【ちゃわん [spec1,ichi1,news1,nf21] 】

[n]
▶ rice bowl
▶ tea cup
▶ teacup

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2687200 楽茶碗【らくぢゃわん】 1. hand-moulded earthenware teacup

History:

2.	A 2016-11-23 22:37:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I guess since 碗 is not 常用 neither source used it. These days of IMEs have changed things.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -17,0 +19 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
1.	A* 2016-11-23 09:52:49 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 茶碗 994472 茶わん 95289
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>茶碗</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -9,3 +11,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>茶碗</keb>

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jmdict 1632430 Active (id: 1939689)

ばったり；バッタリ；ばたり；バタリ；ばったん；バッタン

1.	[adv,adv-to] [on-mim] ▶ with a clash ▶ with a thud ▶ with a bang ▶ with a flop ▶ plump
2.	[adv,adv-to] [on-mim] ▶ unexpectedly (meeting someone)
3.	[adv,adv-to] [on-mim] ▶ suddenly (ending) ▶ abruptly (coming to a halt)

History:

5.	A 2016-11-23 06:12:49 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-10-11 22:48:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc. G n-grams: ばたり 13999 バタリ 8653
	Comments:	For ばたり GG5 has "bang!; thud!; thump!" and an example "ばたりと倒れる fall with a thud.". It's clearly the same term, sans 促音. Proposing a merge of 2100280. (I'm not following strict frequency order.)
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,6 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ばたり</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>バタリ</reb>
3.	A* 2016-10-11 16:34:37 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: ばったり 505602 バッタリ 196901 ばったん 14282 バッタン 5128
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>バッタリ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>バッタン</reb>
2.	A 2011-10-12 12:33:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-02 23:26:50 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, meikyo, gg5, nikk
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ばったん</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -9,1 +12,4 @@ -<gloss>with a clash (thud)</gloss> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> +<gloss>with a clash</gloss> +<gloss>with a thud</gloss> @@ -11,0 +17,1 @@ +<gloss>with a flop</gloss> @@ -12,4 +19,13 @@ -<gloss>flop</gloss> -<gloss>suddenly</gloss> -<gloss>abruptly</gloss> -<gloss>unexpectedly</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> +<gloss>unexpectedly (meeting someone)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> +<gloss>suddenly (ending)</gloss> +<gloss>abruptly (coming to a halt)</gloss>

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jmdict 2013005 Active (id: 1939694)

キモイ；キモい；きもい

[adj-i] [sl,abbr]
▶ gross
▶ disgusting

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1982670 気持ち悪い 1. unpleasant; revolting; repulsive; gross; disgusting; disturbing; creepy
	⇐ see: 2108580 ブサキモ 1. ugly and creepy (combination of the words busaiku and kimoi)
	⇐ see: 2686300 キモヲタ 1. creepy geek; disgusting otaku; extreme geek
	⇐ see: 2078370 きしょい 1. gross; disgusting; sickening
	⇐ see: 2848816 きんもー 1. gross; disgusting
	⇐ see: 2768450 エモい 3. erotic in a disgusting way
	⇐ see: 2404600 きめぇ 1. gross; disgusting
	⇐ see: 2163250 キモメン 1. repulsive man

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2016-11-23 07:00:34 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-11-23 03:40:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	N-grams: キモい 294406 キモイ 587162 きもい 186110
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>キモイ</reb> +</r_ele>

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jmdict 2078030 Active (id: 1948396)

かっきり；カッキリ

[adv] [on-mim]
▶ exactly
▶ just
▶ precisely

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1003410 きっかり 1. exactly; just; precisely

[adv] [on-mim]
▶ punctually
▶ exactly on time

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1003410 きっかり 2. punctually; exactly on time

[adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ clearly delineated (of boundaries, etc.)

History:

6.	A 2017-03-26 18:44:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2017-03-25 15:38:03 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<gloss>exactly on time</gloss>
4.	A 2016-11-23 23:59:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think the に forms are needed. Sorry - I thought I'd opened it, which is why I hadn't looked at it properly.
	Diff:	@@ -9,6 +8,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>かっきりに</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>カッキリに</reb> @@ -29,2 +22,0 @@ -<stagr>かっきり</stagr> -<stagr>カッキリ</stagr>
3.	A* 2016-11-23 06:43:03 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This has been open for a while. I simple added the katakana, but maybe more should be done. Are the ～に forms needed at all? If needed, should they be a separate entry? Not sure.
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25 @@ +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> @@ -30,0 +32 @@ +<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
2.	A* 2016-10-12 12:40:49 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: かっきり 5327 カッキリ 1028 かっきりに 636 カッキリに 76
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>カッキリ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>カッキリに</reb> @@ -22,0 +29 @@ +<stagr>カッキリ</stagr>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2006-03-07 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2084570 Active (id: 1939676)

おっと [spec1]

[int]
▶ uh-oh
▶ oops
▶ sorry

History:

3.	A 2016-11-23 00:02:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2016-11-22 19:43:37 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 1092277 Tanaka: 5 おっと (4 interjections and 1 夫)
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
1.	A 2006-06-04 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2092660 Active (id: 2080370)

たる [spec1]

[aux-v]
《after a noun, usu. as 〜たる者, etc.; often used in relation to qualifications and requirements for a position》
▶ (those) who are
▶ (that) which is
▶ in the capacity of

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2029060 たり 4. to be
	⇒ see: 2444940 たるや 1. speaking of ...; as for ...

History:

12.	A 2020-09-05 02:43:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree.
	Diff:	@@ -17,7 +16,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="2654250">た・1</xref> -<s_inf>older attributive form of た</s_inf> -<gloss>did</gloss> -<gloss>(have) done</gloss> -</sense>
11.	A* 2020-09-03 21:39:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	that's the 連体形 of sense 5 of 2029060. none of the kokugos have this as a separate entry, and i don't think it's needed
10.	A* 2020-08-31 08:14:24 dine <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	has some currency 限られたる 495 限られたるもの 42 限られたる範囲 28 限られたる予算 22 老いたる 11821 老いたる霊長類 1196 現れたる 3259 現れたる国民 167
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2654250">た・1</xref> +<s_inf>older attributive form of た</s_inf> +<gloss>did</gloss> +<gloss>(have) done</gloss> +</sense>
9.	A 2020-05-15 21:09:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2020-05-15 01:41:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't understand just what "often used in relation to qualifications and requirements for a position" is supposed to mean stuck in between two different actual glosses but it seems like it should be in the note to me
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<s_inf>after a noun, usu. as 〜たる者, etc.</s_inf> +<s_inf>after a noun, usu. as 〜たる者, etc.; often used in relation to qualifications and requirements for a position</s_inf> @@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<gloss>often used in relation to qualifications and requirements for a position</gloss>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A 2020-03-07 06:04:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	No comments, suggestions, etc. Closing.
6.	A* 2020-02-27 00:15:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'll leave this open for a bit in case. My go-to references for these sorts of things: Makino&Tsutsui, McClure, Rubin, et al. are silent on this one.
5.	A* 2020-02-26 22:33:22 Nicolas Maia
	Comments:	I wonder if we can come up with clearer glosses here.
4.	A 2016-11-23 00:05:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-11-22 20:40:30 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	tightening xref
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2029060">たり</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2029060">たり・4</xref>
2.	A* 2016-11-22 19:49:56 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 5106761 (also 足る) Tanaka: 9 examples
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
1.	A 2006-08-08 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2100280 Deleted (id: 1939690)

ばたり

[adv]
▶ with a flop

History:

3.	D 2016-11-23 06:13:10 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
2.	D* 2016-10-11 22:49:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	If merge with 1632430 is approved.
1.	A 2006-09-06 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2108590 Active (id: 1939678)

とく [spec1] ；どく

[aux-v,v5k]
《contraction of ..て or で plus 置く》
▶ to do something in readiness for
▶ to get something (needful) done

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2016-11-23 00:06:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-11-22 19:39:08 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: とく 3884623 　　どく 447903 Tanaka: 22 examples (all of them とく)
	Comments:	The n-grams could be false matches, but the Tanaka examples all have this とく
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3.	A 2016-08-02 01:22:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2016-07-30 09:30:25 lce
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&aux-v;</pos>
1.	A 2006-11-08 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2143350 Active (id: 1939679)

かも [spec1]

[prt] [abbr]
▶ may
▶ might
▶ perhaps
▶ may be
▶ possibly

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1002970 【かもしれない】 1. may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
	⇐ see: 2762520 かもね 1. maybe; could be; might

History:

3.	A 2016-11-23 00:06:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2016-11-22 19:44:55 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 107463304 Tanaka: 12 examples (no ducks)
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
1.	A 2007-03-28 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2147990 Active (id: 2147817)
背 [spec1] ；脊
【せ [spec1] 】

[n]
▶ back

[n]
▶ reverse
▶ rear side
▶ back (e.g. of a chair)
▶ spine (of a book)

[n]
▶ height
▶ stature

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1472650 背【せい】 1. height; stature

[n]
▶ ridge (of a mountain)

History:

10.	A 2021-09-27 15:30:23 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's a separate sense in daijs, koj and nikk but I don't mind including it in sense 2.
9.	A 2021-09-27 07:37:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2021-09-27 01:15:40 Opencooper
	Refs:	wisdom, etc.
	Comments:	Not a separate sense in the refs. The JEs group it with "back of a chair".
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24 @@ +<gloss>spine (of a book)</gloss> @@ -29,4 +29,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>spine (of a book)</gloss>
7.	A 2021-09-26 10:36:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Indeed.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>back (e.g. of a chair)</gloss> @@ -27,0 +29,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>spine (of a book)</gloss>
6.	A* 2021-09-25 09:03:28 Opencooper
	Refs:	meikyo; daijs
	Comments:	Unless I'm mistaken, this doesn't refer to the anatomic spine. Can be used for the spine of books, but that's not sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>spine</gloss>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A 2016-11-23 00:07:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-11-22 18:07:44 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -27,0 +28 @@ +<gloss>stature</gloss>
3.	A 2011-01-23 18:59:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's in Daijirin. I'll submit an entry.
2.	A* 2011-01-23 18:20:47 Winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I've run across a word which is not in the dictionary. It is 背越し（せごし）, which seems to mean something like "the back" or "the back part", as in 「ソファの背越しに手を伸ばして華奢な手から白い小さな器具を取り上げる」, which I found at the web page http://park2.wakwak.com/~luce/tale/pierce.html A web search for 背越し generates a lot of results, so it seems to be a recognized word. I don't feel confident enough in my knowledge of this system to create a new entry, so I'm just suggesting it as a new entry. Thanks.
1.	A 2007-03-28 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2187000 Active (id: 2099933)

ナビ [gai1]

[n] [abbr]
▶ navigation
▶ (car) navigation system

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2207130 ナビゲーション 1. navigation

[n] [abbr]
▶ navigator

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1090580 ナビゲーター 1. navigator

History:

5.	A 2021-04-11 21:42:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2021-04-11 10:30:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, gg5
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,7 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2207130">ナビゲーション</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>navigation</gloss> +<gloss>(car) navigation system</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -13 +19,0 @@ -<gloss>(car) navigation system</gloss>
3.	A 2016-11-23 00:08:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2016-11-22 21:04:42 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams 10966650
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> @@ -8,0 +10 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1090580">ナビゲーター</xref>
1.	A 2007-08-15 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2250520 Active (id: 1939748)
書記素
【しょきそ】

[n] {linguistics}
▶ grapheme

History:

3.	A 2016-11-24 12:12:51 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2016-11-23 21:55:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	新英和大辞典, Readers+, etc.
	Comments:	No ref has this as "morpheme". It was originally submitted as "morpheme"; I added "grapheme", but I should have looked more carefully.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>morpheme</gloss>
1.	A 2008-02-05 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2394370 Rejected (id: 1980734)

あっ [spec1] ；アッ [spec1] ；アっ [ik] ；あ；ア

1.	[int] 《expression of surprise, recollection, etc.》 ▶ ah ▶ oh
2.	[int] 《used to get someone's attention》 ▶ hey!

History:

9.	R 2018-05-31 02:02:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	duope
8.	A* 2018-05-31 02:02:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -24,3 +24,3 @@ -<gloss>Ah!</gloss> -<gloss>Oh!</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">expression of surprise, recollection, etc.</gloss> +<s_inf>expression of surprise, recollection, etc.</s_inf> +<gloss>ah</gloss> +<gloss>oh</gloss> @@ -30,2 +30,2 @@ -<gloss>Hey!</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">used to get someone's attention</gloss> +<s_inf>used to get someone's attention</s_inf> +<gloss>hey!</gloss>
7.	A 2017-01-29 01:03:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2016-12-15 17:14:42 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: あっという 453821 アッという 72187 アっという 4548 あという 8407 アという 1234
	Comments:	tidying
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9 @@ -<reb>あ</reb> +<reb>アッ</reb> @@ -13 +13,8 @@ -<reb>アッ</reb> +<reb>アっ</reb> +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>あ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ア</reb> @@ -17 +24 @@ -<gloss>Ah! (expression of surprise, recollection, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>Ah!</gloss> @@ -18,0 +26 @@ +<gloss g_type="expl">expression of surprise, recollection, etc.</gloss> @@ -22 +30,2 @@ -<gloss>Hey! (to get someone's attention)</gloss> +<gloss>Hey!</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">used to get someone's attention</gloss>
5.	A 2016-11-23 00:09:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2016-11-22 19:34:41 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: あっ 176849732 あ 57378355 アッ 846006 Tanaka: あ 22 あっ 15 アッ 1
	Comments:	The n-grams could be false matches, but the Tanaka examples all have the interjection
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> @@ -8,0 +10 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3.	A 2015-03-05 09:56:42 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2015-03-04 22:38:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, etc. (only have あっ). N-grams.
	Comments:	Merging 2002710.
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@ +<reb>あっ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -5,0 +9,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>アッ</reb>
1.	A 2008-06-29 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2394370 Active (id: 2179397)

あっ [spec1] ；アッ [spec1] ；アっ；あ；ア

1.	[int] 《expression of surprise, recollection, etc.》 ▶ ah ▶ oh
2.	[int] 《used to get someone's attention》 ▶ hey!

History:

10.	A 2022-02-18 14:34:11 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
9.	A 2018-05-31 02:51:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2018-05-31 02:02:14 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -24,3 +24,3 @@ -<gloss>Ah!</gloss> -<gloss>Oh!</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">expression of surprise, recollection, etc.</gloss> +<s_inf>expression of surprise, recollection, etc.</s_inf> +<gloss>ah</gloss> +<gloss>oh</gloss> @@ -30,2 +30,2 @@ -<gloss>Hey!</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">used to get someone's attention</gloss> +<s_inf>used to get someone's attention</s_inf> +<gloss>hey!</gloss>
7.	A 2017-01-29 01:03:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2016-12-15 17:14:42 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: あっという 453821 アッという 72187 アっという 4548 あという 8407 アという 1234
	Comments:	tidying
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9 @@ -<reb>あ</reb> +<reb>アッ</reb> @@ -13 +13,8 @@ -<reb>アッ</reb> +<reb>アっ</reb> +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>あ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ア</reb> @@ -17 +24 @@ -<gloss>Ah! (expression of surprise, recollection, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>Ah!</gloss> @@ -18,0 +26 @@ +<gloss g_type="expl">expression of surprise, recollection, etc.</gloss> @@ -22 +30,2 @@ -<gloss>Hey! (to get someone's attention)</gloss> +<gloss>Hey!</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">used to get someone's attention</gloss>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A 2016-11-23 00:09:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-11-22 19:34:41 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: あっ 176849732 あ 57378355 アッ 846006 Tanaka: あ 22 あっ 15 アッ 1
	Comments:	The n-grams could be false matches, but the Tanaka examples all have the interjection
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> @@ -8,0 +10 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3.	A 2015-03-05 09:56:42 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2015-03-04 22:38:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, etc. (only have あっ). N-grams.
	Comments:	Merging 2002710.
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@ +<reb>あっ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -5,0 +9,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>アッ</reb>
1.	A 2008-06-29 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2643980 Active (id: 1939683)

たって [spec1]

[prt]
《also だって》
▶ even if
▶ even though

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2086960 って 2. even if

[prt]
《also ったって》
▶ however
▶ no matter how

History:

5.	A 2016-11-23 00:09:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-11-22 19:41:26 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 13091515 (many false matches of course) Tanaka: 21 examples (true matches)
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3.	A 2011-06-28 12:15:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2011-06-28 05:09:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	oops
	Diff:	@@ -8,1 +8,1 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&prt;</pos> @@ -14,1 +14,1 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&prt;</pos>
1.	A* 2011-06-28 05:09:30 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, etc.
	Comments:	split of entry for でも

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jmdict 2830347 Active (id: 1939708)
荒潮；荒塩 [oK]
【あらしお】

[n]
▶ violent tide
▶ fierce tidal current

History:

5.	A 2016-11-23 22:30:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Let's leave it in. Sorry, I'd been ignoring this one thinking I was last to propose anything.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>荒塩</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
4.	A* 2016-11-23 06:20:19 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	In koj, but in no other refs. Maybe not needed.
	Diff:	@@ -6,4 +5,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>荒塩</keb> -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
3.	A* 2016-10-12 14:23:02 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj
	Comments:	see comments by Jim in 2029350
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>荒塩</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2016-10-11 04:22:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr
	Comments:	I'll add a name entry too.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>A fierce, violent tide</gloss> +<gloss>violent tide</gloss> +<gloss>fierce tidal current</gloss>
1.	A* 2016-10-11 01:45:42 Stewart C Baker <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/荒潮-199297
	Comments:	Also the name of a Japanese Destroyer during WW2, which might be worth noting in a separate entry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Arashio

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jmdict 2830560 Active (id: 2163485)
展延
【てんえん】

[n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ spreading out
▶ stretching out
▶ expansion
▶ extension

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-11-18 01:16:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2016-11-23 00:11:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,4 @@ -<gloss>spread out, stretch out</gloss> +<gloss>spreading out</gloss> +<gloss>stretching out</gloss> +<gloss>expansion</gloss> +<gloss>extension</gloss>
1.	A* 2016-11-22 14:10:01 Robin Scott
	Refs:	デジタル大辞泉

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jmdict 2830561 Active (id: 2208034)
承認欲求
【しょうにんよっきゅう】

[n] {psychology}
▶ need for approval
▶ esteem needs

History:

5.	A 2022-09-09 06:03:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	KOD
	Comments:	Yes, they can't be merged like that.
4.	A* 2022-09-07 11:02:15
	Refs:	eijiro https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/your-emotional-meter/201807/how-let-go-the-need-approval
	Comments:	I think Joan's edit based on Wiki was a bad one.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>need for social approval and self-esteem</gloss> +<field>&psych;</field> +<gloss>need for approval</gloss> +<gloss>esteem needs</gloss>
3.	A 2016-11-23 22:31:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2016-11-23 06:58:38 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki: 承認欲求は承認されたい対象によって、おおむね2つのタイプに大別される。ひとつは他人から認められたいという欲求であり、もうひとつは自分の存在が理想とする自己像と重なるか、 ... 前者を他者承認と呼び、後者を自己承認と呼ぶ。
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12 @@ -<gloss>need for social approval</gloss> -<gloss>esteem needs</gloss> +<gloss>need for social approval and self-esteem</gloss>
1.	A* 2016-11-23 03:36:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ＫＯＤ追加語彙, Wikij n-grams: 8k

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jmdict 2830562 Active (id: 2160869)
後泊
【こうはく；あとはく】

[n,vs,vi]
▶ staying an extra night (e.g. after attending an event)

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2821370 前泊【ぜんぱく】 1. spending one night ahead (e.g. at a hotel near the airport the night before catching a flight); spending the night before

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-11-18 00:49:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
4.	A 2016-12-03 18:55:17 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-12-03 16:11:10 Robin Scott
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2821370">前泊・ぜんぱく</xref>
2.	A 2016-11-23 22:33:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>あとはく</reb> +</r_ele>
1.	A* 2016-11-23 11:02:11 Robin Scott
	Refs:	大辞林
	Comments:	Both 前泊 and 後泊 are listed in Daijirin but currently only the former has an entry in JMdict.

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jmdict 2830563 Active (id: 1939702)
環太平洋パートナーシップ協定
【かんたいへいようパートナーシップきょうてい】

[n]
▶ Trans-Pacific Partnership
▶ Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement
▶ TPP

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2825820 環太平洋戦略的経済連携協定 1. Trans-Pacific Partnership; Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement; TPP
	⇐ see: 2830565 ＴＰＰ【ティー・ピー・ピー】 1. Trans-Pacific Partnership; Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement; TPP

History:

2.	A 2016-11-23 12:45:09 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc>
1.	A* 2016-11-23 11:23:08 Robin Scott
	Refs:	Another TPP variant I see used a lot in news media. e.g. http://mainichi.jp/articles/20161124/k00/00m/020/033000c

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jmdict 2830564 Active (id: 2280329)
環太平洋連携協定
【かんたいへいようれんけいきょうてい】

[n] [abbr]
▶ Trans-Pacific Partnership
▶ Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement
▶ TPP

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2825820 環太平洋戦略的経済連携協定 1. Trans-Pacific Partnership; Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement; TPP

History:

4.	A 2023-10-17 00:04:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-10-16 14:59:48 Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	clean up xref
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2825820">環太平洋戦略的経済連携協定・かんたいへいようせんりゃくてきけいざいれんけいきょうてい</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2825820">環太平洋戦略的経済連携協定</xref>
2.	A 2016-11-23 22:34:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-11-23 13:19:43 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki(環太平洋戦略的経済連携協定)
	Comments:	another abbr

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jmdict 2830565 Active (id: 2280291)
ＴＰＰ
【ティー・ピー・ピー；ティーピーピー [sk] 】

[n]
▶ Trans-Pacific Partnership
▶ Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement
▶ TPP

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2830563 環太平洋パートナーシップ協定 1. Trans-Pacific Partnership; Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement; TPP
	⇒ see: 2825820 環太平洋戦略的経済連携協定 1. Trans-Pacific Partnership; Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement; TPP

History:

5.	A 2023-10-16 19:42:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-10-16 15:01:56 Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	環太平洋パートナーシップ（TPP）協定交渉 https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/tpp/index.html
	Comments:	clean up xref. may as well add the romaji version (which is the wikipedia headword, and came up on mofa)
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2825820">環太平洋戦略的経済連携協定・かんたいへいようせんりゃくてきけいざいれんけいきょうてい</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2830563">環太平洋パートナーシップ協定</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2825820">環太平洋戦略的経済連携協定</xref>
3.	A 2023-03-16 05:14:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reformat initialsms -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>ティー・ピー・ピー</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
2.	A 2016-11-23 22:34:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-11-23 13:26:36 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki(環太平洋戦略的経済連携協定)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5741360 Active (id: 2235340)

ラブライブ [spec1] ；ラブ・ライブ

[work]
▶ Love Live! (TV program)

History:

5.	A 2023-05-07 06:33:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding spec1 -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
4.	A 2019-06-22 07:10:54 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>ラブ・ライプ</reb> +<reb>ラブ・ライブ</reb>
3.	A 2019-06-22 07:10:33 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ラブ・ライプ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -8 +11 @@ -<misc>&product;</misc> +<misc>&work;</misc>
2.	A 2016-11-23 07:05:15 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-11-23 03:44:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Live! https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ラブライブ!

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

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JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

3.	D 2019-06-22 07:11:18 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	merge
2.	A 2016-11-23 07:05:26 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-11-23 03:44:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Live! https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ラブライブ!

JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

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