JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1013310 Active (id: 2299480)

わくわく [ichi1] ；ワクワク [spec1] ；ワックワク [sk]

1.

[vs,adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
▶ to be excited
▶ to be nervous
▶ to be thrilled

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2726920 ｗｋｔｋ【ワクテカ】 1. being excited; having the jitters (with expectation)

Conjugations

History:

8.	A 2024-04-28 00:23:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2024-04-27 23:07:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, luminous
	Comments:	The JEs only have 〜する glosses.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -19 +19,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ -<gloss>trembling</gloss> -<gloss>getting nervous</gloss> -<gloss>excited</gloss> -<gloss>thrilled</gloss> +<gloss>to be excited</gloss> +<gloss>to be nervous</gloss> +<gloss>to be thrilled</gloss>
6.	A 2024-04-26 08:40:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2024-04-26 07:20:48
	Refs:	ワックワク 3879
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ワックワク</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
4.	A 2017-09-15 12:00:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2017-09-15 05:34:36 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 koj daijs
	Comments:	not a noun
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> @@ -17,3 +17,3 @@ -<gloss>tremble</gloss> -<gloss>get nervous</gloss> -<gloss>excitedly</gloss> +<gloss>trembling</gloss> +<gloss>getting nervous</gloss> +<gloss>excited</gloss>
2.	A 2016-10-09 21:56:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-10-09 20:10:17 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	わくわく 3922527 ワクワク 3279384 わくわくして 244159 ワクワクして 516740
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ワクワク</reb> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1178590 Active (id: 1936149)
鉛筆 [ichi1,news1,nf12]
【えんぴつ [ichi1,news1,nf12] ；エンピツ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ pencil

History:

2.	A 2016-10-09 21:56:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-10-09 19:29:02 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	鉛筆 1118238 えんぴつ 360052 エンピツ 130540
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>エンピツ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>

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jmdict 1208770 Active (id: 1936187)
葛 [news1,nf24]
【くず [news1,nf24] ；つづら；クズ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ kudzu (Pueraria montana)
▶ Japanese arrowroot

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2538460 葛根【かっこん】 1. kudzu root

2.

(つづら only) [n]
▶ Chinese moonseed (Sinomenium acutum)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2464550 葛藤【つづらふじ】 1. Chinese moonseed (Sinomenium acutum)

History:

5.	A 2016-10-10 06:33:58 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr
4.	A* 2016-10-09 22:18:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15,3 @@ +<reb>つづら</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -22,0 +26,6 @@ +<sense> +<stagr>つづら</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2464550">葛藤・つづらふじ・1</xref> +<gloss>Chinese moonseed (Sinomenium acutum)</gloss> +</sense>
3.	A 2016-10-09 22:13:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2016-10-09 20:39:09 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	oops
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11,2 @@ +<re_pri>news1</re_pri> +<re_pri>nf24</re_pri>
1.	A* 2016-10-09 14:22:41 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki(クズ) wiki(Pueraria montana) wiki(kudzu) http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/ild-29010 ngrams くず 1109848 - conflict with 屑葛 783963 クズ 740118 - conflict with 屑
	Diff:	@@ -11,2 +11,4 @@ -<re_pri>news1</re_pri> -<re_pri>nf24</re_pri> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>クズ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> @@ -16,2 +18,2 @@ -<gloss>kudzu (Pueraria lobata) (type of vine)</gloss> -<gloss>(Japanese) arrowroot</gloss> +<gloss>kudzu (Pueraria montana)</gloss> +<gloss>Japanese arrowroot</gloss>

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jmdict 1246850 Active (id: 1936152)
熊 [ichi1,news1,nf13]
【くま [ichi1,news1,nf13] ；クマ (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ bear (any mammal of family Ursidae)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2857072 ベア 1. bear

History:

3.	A 2016-10-09 22:22:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I wondered about "uk", but I see GG5 has the examples for 隈/くま in kana.
2.	A* 2016-10-09 20:39:46 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	oops
	Diff:	@@ -9 +8,0 @@ -<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri>
1.	A* 2016-10-09 19:45:54 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wiki(bear) jwiki(クマ) ngrams 熊 2335214 くま 6535125 クマ 2778943
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -15,0 +17,5 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>クマ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> +</r_ele> @@ -18 +24 @@ -<gloss>bear (animal)</gloss> +<gloss>bear (any mammal of family Ursidae)</gloss>

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jmdict 1252990 Active (id: 2226006)
鶏 [ichi1,news1,nf14] ；鷄 [sK] ；雞 [sK]
【にわとり [ichi1,news1,nf14] ；とり；かけ [ok] ；くたかけ [ok] ；ニワトリ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)
▶ domestic chicken

2.

[n]
▶ chicken meat

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1253020 鶏肉 1. chicken meat
	⇐ see: 1430250 鳥【とり】 2. bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry

History:

9.	A 2023-03-21 20:09:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2023-03-21 18:15:10 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────────╮ │ 鶏　　　 │ 6,622,840 │ │ 鷄　　　 │ 11,163 │ │ 雞　　　 │ 1,007 │ - add, sK (daijr/s, koj, sankoku) │ にわとり │ 188,978 │ │ ニワトリ │ 379,133 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,4 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>雞</keb>
7.	A 2022-08-22 06:06:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	鶏 6622840 99.8% 鷄 11163 0.2%
	Comments:	It's a 人名用漢字. Not sure it applies o all readings.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6.	A* 2022-08-21 02:09:24 Cuyler Otsuka <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>鷄</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
5.	A 2019-07-07 11:57:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2019-07-06 13:29:00 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki wiki gg5
	Diff:	@@ -33 +33,2 @@ -<gloss>(domestic) chicken</gloss> +<gloss>chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)</gloss> +<gloss>domestic chicken</gloss>
3.	A 2019-07-06 06:12:51 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -39 +39 @@ -<gloss>chicken (meat)</gloss> +<gloss>chicken meat</gloss>
2.	A 2016-10-09 22:23:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-10-09 20:14:53 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki(ニワトリ) ngrams 鶏 6622840 ニワトリ 379133 にわとり 188978
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +27,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ニワトリ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>

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jmdict 1258330 Active (id: 2081227)
犬 [ichi1,news1,nf03] ；狗
【いぬ [ichi1,news1,nf03] ；イヌ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris)

2.

[n] [derog,uk]
▶ squealer
▶ rat
▶ snitch
▶ informer
▶ informant
▶ spy

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1731430 【みっこくしゃ】 1. informer; informant; betrayer; snitch

3.

[n] [derog]
▶ loser
▶ asshole

4.

[n-pref]
▶ counterfeit
▶ inferior
▶ useless
▶ wasteful

History:

15.	A 2020-09-17 05:18:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
14.	A* 2020-09-17 01:12:01 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -34,0 +35,3 @@ +<gloss>squealer</gloss> +<gloss>rat</gloss> +<gloss>snitch</gloss> @@ -38,2 +40,0 @@ -<gloss>rat</gloss> -<gloss>snitch</gloss>
13.	A* 2020-09-16 22:35:06 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not sure xref is needed
	Diff:	@@ -28,0 +29,3 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1731430">みっこくしゃ</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1731430">みっこくしゃ</xref> +<misc>&derog;</misc>
12.	A* 2020-09-16 22:16:06 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs隠語大辞典 https://ja.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/い�%8 1%AC_(%E6%98%A0%E7%94%BB)
	Diff:	@@ -29 +29,6 @@ -<gloss>snoop (i.e. a detective, a spy, etc.)</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>informer</gloss> +<gloss>informant</gloss> +<gloss>spy</gloss> +<gloss>rat</gloss> +<gloss>snitch</gloss>
11.	A 2018-08-27 00:32:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog#Taxonomy (happy reading)
	Comments:	It's plainly a mess, but it seems that the lupus is in or out depending on which way the wind blows. I wondered about "Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris", but having parentheses is simpler. Rene's rules does do say "Whenever possible", but I think this is a good one to bend a bit.
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25 @@ -<gloss>dog (Canis lupus familiaris)</gloss> +<gloss>dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris)</gloss>
(show/hide 10 older log entries)
10.	A* 2018-08-26 13:43:27 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Policy: "For animal subspecies, this consists of merely writing the subspecific epithet. For example, the cinnamon bear, a subspecies of American black bear, should be submitted as: cinnamon bear (Ursus americanus cinnamomum) ... Whenever possible, junior synonyms should not be submitted. Submit only the single scientific name currently accepted as the senior synonym. Wikipedia and The Encyclopedia of Life are good resources for finding the most up-to-date classifications." _ EOL has it down as "Canis lupus familiaris". Wikipedia also uses it as the senior synonym
9.	A* 2018-08-26 11:17:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki: "Canis lupus familiaris when considered a subspecies of the gray wolf or Canis familiaris when considered a distinct species"
	Comments:	Isn't it better to leave the brackets in?
8.	A* 2018-08-25 22:37:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25 @@ -<gloss>dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris)</gloss> +<gloss>dog (Canis lupus familiaris)</gloss>
7.	A 2016-10-09 22:23:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2016-10-09 19:12:41 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki(イヌ) ngrams 犬 28194195 いぬ 1497583 イヌ 935329 狗 244170
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>イヌ</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
5.	A 2012-11-16 10:02:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding the Khmer glosses works, but for now I think I'll remove them (they can be re-instated once we have a better arrangement for editing multi-language glosses.) What was added was: Sense 1: [khm] ឆ្កែ Sense 3: [khm] អាឆ្កែ Sense 4: [khm] ដែលគ្មានតម្លៃ
	Diff:	@@ -22,1 +22,0 @@ -<gloss xml:lang="khm">ឆ្កែ</gloss> @@ -33,1 +32,0 @@ -<gloss xml:lang="khm">អាឆ្កែ</gloss> @@ -41,1 +39,0 @@ -<gloss xml:lang="khm">ដែលគ្មានតម្លៃ</gloss>
4.	A* 2012-11-15 09:34:42
	Diff:	@@ -33,0 +33,1 @@ +<gloss xml:lang="khm">អាឆ្កែ</gloss> @@ -40,0 +41,1 @@ +<gloss xml:lang="khm">ដែលគ្មានតម្លៃ</gloss>
3.	A* 2012-11-15 09:24:27
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +22,1 @@ +<gloss xml:lang="khm">ឆ្កែ</gloss>
2.	A 2012-10-02 01:25:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-10-01 06:34:37 Marcus
	Refs:	daijs: 人をののしっていう語。
	Diff:	@@ -28,0 +28,6 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&derog;</misc> +<gloss>loser</gloss> +<gloss>asshole</gloss> +</sense> +<sense>

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jmdict 1323350 Active (id: 1936155)
蛇 [ichi1,news1,nf16]
【へび [ichi1,news1,nf16] ；じゃ；くちなわ；へみ [ok] ；ヘビ (nokanji) 】

1.	[n] 《じゃ is more associated with serpent and large snakes》 ▶ snake
2.	[n] ▶ serpent ▶ large snake

History:

2.	A 2016-10-09 22:24:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-10-09 19:54:43 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki(ヘビ) 蛇 1355905 ヘビ 699253 へび 227078
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ヘビ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>

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jmdict 1491120 Active (id: 1936156)
瓶 [ichi1,news1,nf07] ；壜；罎
【びん [ichi1,news1,nf07] ；ビン (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ bottle
▶ jar
▶ decanter
▶ flagon
▶ phial
▶ vial

History:

4.	A 2016-10-09 22:24:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-10-09 19:39:21 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	瓶 2158335 びん 1780112 ビン 1738355 壜 44970 罎 4400 -- >20 examples of ビン in Tanaka corpus
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ビン</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>
2.	A 2013-08-14 00:07:54 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-13 11:16:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 新和英中辞典, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +25,5 @@ +<gloss>jar</gloss> +<gloss>decanter</gloss> +<gloss>flagon</gloss> +<gloss>phial</gloss> +<gloss>vial</gloss>

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jmdict 1523060 Active (id: 2290446)
本当 [ichi1,news1,nf02] ；本當 [sK]
【ほんとう [ichi1,news1,nf02] ；ほんと；ホントー [sk] ；ホント [sk] ；ホントウ [sk] 】

1.

[n,adj-no,adj-na]
▶ truth
▶ reality
▶ actuality
▶ fact

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2001000 本真【ほんま】 1. truth; reality
	⇐ see: 2592130 本統【ほんとう】 2. truth; reality

2.

[adj-no,adj-na]
▶ proper
▶ right
▶ correct
▶ official

3.

[adj-no,adj-na]
▶ genuine
▶ authentic
▶ real
▶ natural
▶ veritable

History:

28.	A 2024-01-29 02:21:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr: 「ほんとう（本当）」の転。会話語として使われる。
	Comments:	I'm comfortable leaving off the tag. It's pronunciation vs reading.
27.	A* 2024-01-27 17:34:48 penname01
	Comments:	it's not irregular
	Diff:	@@ -22 +21,0 @@ -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
26.	A* 2024-01-27 17:01:14 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	No need for [nokanji] if it's already [sk]
	Diff:	@@ -30 +29,0 @@ -<re_nokanji/>
25.	A* 2024-01-27 10:44:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
24.	A 2024-01-27 10:43:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK, flipping it back. I'll reopen for a bit. Ditto for 本当に.
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,4 @@ +<reb>ほんと</reb> +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -21,0 +26,5 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ホント</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
(show/hide 23 older log entries)
23.	A* 2024-01-25 10:59:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	本当 12361117 99.9% 本當 8357 0.1%
	Comments:	I agree with Marcus on this, and don't think this entry should be split at all; in fact the only change I'd make is to hide the 本當 form. Leaving it open for a bit, but I think the consensus is to stay with ほんと, etc. in this entry.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
22.	A* 2024-01-24 17:14:56 penname01
	Comments:	i do indeed think that multiple reading tags ([ck] (colloquial kana), [fk] (formal kana), etc.) would be helpful and if they're introduced the split would be unnecessary if they're not, i still think i prefer preserving more info even at the cost of dispersing similar info
21.	A* 2024-01-24 02:16:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I understand the point you're making but I don't think the proposed changes would be a net plus to users, having two almost identical entries just needlessly spreads out the same info in my opinion. It's true that ほんと is [col] when written and like Robin said, having a [ck] reading tag might be helpful, if not necessary. You could also make the argument that we could make reading tags based on all or most of our already existing misc tags (e.g. [ksbk]) and that maybe we should be wary of "feature creep". I don't think we need restrictions for 本當 as pronouncing the word ほんと apparently goes back to at least the Meiji period - Gakkoku for example has an 1887 example (with the kanji 真個, though!). 本當 was used in the Showa period up until the war at very least, see lab.ndl.go.jp (even if we didn't have evidence the pronunciation went back this far, the inclusion of 本當 is essentially a parenthesis so I don't think restrictions would have been necessary)
20.	A* 2024-01-24 01:43:39 penname01
	Comments:	i wasn't referring to that it's useful for the users to know that 本当/ほんと is [uk] and [col], as explained by the various kokugos also, not splitting requires introducing restrictions as i don't think "本當" can be ever read "ほんと" which seem disliked when possible by the others (not me personally) overall, i just think that splitting provides more value to the user
19.	A* 2024-01-24 01:32:14 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The kokugos don't have our 2/3 rule so that they have separate entries for 本当 vs ほんと here isn't really relevant.
18.	A* 2024-01-24 01:14:23 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	A [ck] (colloquial kana) tag could be useful in cases like this.
17.	A* 2024-01-24 00:17:51 penname01
	Refs:	sankoku: 〔話〕「ほんとう（本当）」の変化。 daijr: 「ほんとう（本当）」の転。会話語として使われる。 shinkoku: 〔「ほんとう」のくだけた言い方〕→ほんとう（本当）。
	Comments:	i think in this case it's best to follow the kokugos
16.	A* 2024-01-24 00:07:15 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's just a tiny difference in prounciation. It's not really [col] when spoken like this in most cases. I know we're sidestepping the 2/3 rule more and more but I don't think this should be split out.
15.	A* 2024-01-23 23:48:07 penname01
	Refs:	sankoku, iwakoku, gg5, daijr, meikyo, shinkoku, etc.
	Comments:	i think it's best to split ほんと/ホント, many kokugos seem to do so as well i don't think 本當 can ever be read as ほんと i've made ホントー/ホントウ search-only
	Diff:	@@ -21,9 +20,0 @@ -<reb>ほんと</reb> -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ホント</reb> -<re_nokanji/> -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -31 +22 @@ -<re_nokanji/> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -35 +26 @@ -<re_nokanji/> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
14.	A 2019-04-22 05:42:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
13.	A* 2019-04-21 21:46:41 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5, prog
	Comments:	Not an adverb.
	Diff:	@@ -37,0 +38 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -40,2 +40,0 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -50 +48,0 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -59 +56,0 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -61,0 +59 @@ +<gloss>real</gloss>
12.	A 2019-04-21 20:48:45 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
11.	A* 2019-04-20 05:04:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"ik" means irregular, which I think it is in this case. I think it should stay.
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
10.	A* 2019-04-11 07:36:57 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	ほんと is in daijr as "会話語として使われる。", so just "col" at most, not ik.
	Diff:	@@ -22 +21,0 @@ -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
9.	A 2016-10-09 22:41:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ホントーに 31974 ホントに 6252892 ホントウに 19639 ホントー 39434 ホント 15625654 ホントウ 35218
	Comments:	Since we have 1611580 with the ホントー/ホントウ versions, I guess it should be consistent
	Diff:	@@ -27,0 +28,8 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ホントー</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ホントウ</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
8.	A* 2016-10-09 20:31:44 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	6 examples of ホント in Tanaka corpus ngrams ホント 15625654 ホントー 39434 ホントウ 35218
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22,5 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ホント</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
7.	A 2015-05-14 09:49:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's officially a 形容動詞 (大辞林 has "（名・形動）［文］ナリ", but as is often the case, の is used more often than な. I don't think it hurts if we have both.
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -33,0 +35 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -41,0 +44 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
6.	A* 2015-05-14 09:31:32 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	KM ngrams: 本当の 238719 本当な 15097
	Comments:	adj-no pos?
5.	A 2012-08-19 04:09:35 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2012-08-18 00:12:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, etc. etc.
	Comments:	Glossing this effectively is a pain, as is the POS. Daijirin says "名・形動: and there are plenty of cases of "本当が.." so it's got to have noun in there somewhere. Following GG5 and 新和英中辞典's sense split, but they overlap a bit.
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +26,1 @@ +<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -27,2 +28,1 @@ -<gloss>honesty</gloss> -<gloss>honest, truth</gloss> +<gloss>truth</gloss> @@ -30,0 +30,18 @@ +<gloss>actuality</gloss> +<gloss>fact</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<gloss>proper</gloss> +<gloss>right</gloss> +<gloss>correct</gloss> +<gloss>official</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<gloss>genuine</gloss> +<gloss>authentic</gloss> +<gloss>natural</gloss> +<gloss>veritable</gloss>
3.	A* 2012-08-17 18:08:39 Chao-Chen (Jack) Lin <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -27,1 +27,2 @@ -<gloss>truth</gloss> +<gloss>honesty</gloss> +<gloss>honest, truth</gloss>
2.	A 2010-09-08 02:44:10 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-09-08 02:42:06 Scott
	Refs:	http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/本当
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>本當</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1590200 Active (id: 1936158)
籠 [ichi1] ；篭 [news1,nf23]
【かご [ichi1,news1,nf23] ；カゴ (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ basket (shopping, etc.)
▶ hamper
▶ cage

History:

7.	A 2016-10-09 22:42:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2016-10-09 20:38:06 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	oops
	Diff:	@@ -7 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri>
5.	A* 2016-10-09 20:00:56 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	かご 11161459 カゴ 6998327 籠 1430236 篭 139694
	Comments:	www images confirm カゴ = basket
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7 @@ +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -18,0 +20,5 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>カゴ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> +</r_ele>
4.	A 2011-01-11 07:16:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Don't need two baskets.
	Diff:	@@ -22,1 +22,2 @@ -<gloss>basket</gloss> +<gloss>basket (shopping, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>hamper</gloss> @@ -24,1 +25,0 @@ -<gloss>shopping basket</gloss>
3.	A* 2011-01-08 16:50:31
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +24,1 @@ +<gloss>shopping basket</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2010-12-01 02:16:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	籠 became a 常用漢字 yesterday!
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +21,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
1.	A* 2010-11-30 21:32:43 phil <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	i was expecting this one to be (uk), since i've only seen it in kana, and the listed kanji are both green/obscure.

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jmdict 1591900 Active (id: 2276132)
綺麗 [ichi1] ；奇麗；暉麗 [sK]
【きれい [ichi1] ；キレイ (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.

[adj-na]
▶ pretty
▶ lovely
▶ beautiful
▶ fair

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2839248 綺麗かった【きれいかった】 1. was pretty; was beautiful; was clean

2.

[adj-na] [uk]
▶ clean
▶ clear
▶ pure
▶ tidy
▶ neat

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2839248 綺麗かった【きれいかった】 1. was pretty; was beautiful; was clean
	⇐ see: 2835400 きれいきれい 1. cleaning up; washing up

3.

[adj-na] [uk]
《as 〜に》
▶ completely
▶ entirely

History:

10.	A 2023-09-02 22:07:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'd keep it, but I'm not fussed.
9.	A* 2023-09-02 19:23:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	綺麗 17,699,590 37.3% 奇麗 450,589 0.9% きれい 17,905,902 37.7% キレイ 11,415,577 24.0% ---- Aozora Bunko: 綺麗 5867 奇麗 917
	Comments:	If rK is meant to indicate that the form isn't worth learning, I don't think it should be used for 奇麗. With an n-gram count of nearly half a million (almost spec2), it's a form that learners should probably be aware of. Also, for whatever reason, it's the only kanji form in prog and wisdom.
	Diff:	@@ -6 +6 @@ -<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> @@ -10,2 +9,0 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> @@ -20 +17,0 @@ -<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> @@ -46 +43 @@ -<s_inf>as きれいに</s_inf> +<s_inf>as 〜に</s_inf>
8.	A 2022-09-21 01:39:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2022-09-20 14:23:05 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	sense 1 綺麗な子 21917 55.0% きれいな子 11301 28.3% キレイな子 6663 16.7% 綺麗な人　 100016 50.3% きれいな人 59967 30.2% キレイな人 38762 19.5% 綺麗な花 159938 50.3% きれいな花 132221 41.6% キレイな花 25716 8.1% 綺麗な景色 57995 48.5% きれいな景色 41394 34.6% キレイな景色 20177 16.9% (not really uk!) sense 2 部屋を綺麗 12575 26.6% 部屋をきれい 15049 31.8% 部屋をキレイ 19656 41.6% 綺麗にしなさい 577 12.0% キレイにしなさい 267 5.6% きれいにしなさい 3950 82.4% sense 3 綺麗に忘れ 2508 29.5% きれいに忘れ 4244 49.9% キレイに忘れ 1698 20.0% 綺麗にわすれ 0 0.0% きれいにわすれ 47 0.6% キレイにわすれ 0 0.0% (I think this qualifies for sense 3 too?) きれいさっぱり 70139 75.2% キレイさっぱり 22014 23.6% 奇麗さっぱり 1104 1.2%
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -14 +15 @@ -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -28 +28,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc>
6.	A 2016-10-09 22:44:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A* 2016-10-09 20:36:29 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams 綺麗 17699590 きれい 17905902 キレイ 11415577 奇麗 450589 暉麗 No matches
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,5 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>キレイ</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
4.	A 2015-05-30 00:14:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2015-05-28 13:36:53 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	shinmeikai
	Comments:	0 ngrams. some web hits but mostly dominated by chinese. either ateji or obsolete/obscure
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>暉麗</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2015-05-28 13:34:43 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2015-05-27 13:15:02
	Refs:	n-grams きれい 477639 奇麗 29210 綺麗 346752
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +5,4 @@ +<keb>綺麗</keb> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -7,4 +10,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>綺麗</keb> -<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -26,0 +27 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -35 +36,2 @@ -<s_inf>as 奇麗に</s_inf> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<s_inf>as きれいに</s_inf>

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jmdict 1600280 Active (id: 2217500)
喉 [ichi1,news2,nf32] ；咽 [rK] ；吭 [rK]
【のど [ichi1,news2,nf32] ；のんど [ok] ；のみと [ok] ；のみど [ok] ；ノド [sk] 】

1.

[n]
▶ throat

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2846407 スロート 1. throat

2.

[n]
▶ singing voice

3.

[n] [uk] {printing}
▶ gutter (inner margins of a book)

History:

5.	A 2022-12-30 01:51:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -38 +38 @@ -<re_nokanji/> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -42 +41,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -51,2 +50,3 @@ -<gloss>(book) gutter</gloss> -<gloss>the center space on a page spread between the printed areas on each side of the spread</gloss> +<field>&print;</field> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>gutter (inner margins of a book)</gloss>
4.	A* 2022-12-28 02:10:30 Joe Monson <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://www.ebookcafe-kyoto.com/word/nodo.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bookbinding#Modern_hand_binding
	Comments:	I've only ever seen のど used for this (no kanji), but it's possible the kanji may be used somewhere. If this should be a separate entry, let me know. The area is literally the "throat" of the book.
	Diff:	@@ -48,0 +49,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>(book) gutter</gloss> +<gloss>the center space on a page spread between the printed areas on each side of the spread</gloss> +</sense>
3.	A 2021-11-30 14:10:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	喉が 739933 咽が 12330 吭が 34 喉 2760742 咽 173718 吭 6516
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,0 +16 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2016-10-09 22:44:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-10-09 20:05:48 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	喉 2760742 のど 2461820 ノド　352089
	Diff:	@@ -33,0 +34,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ノド</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>

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jmdict 1634160 Active (id: 1936161)
榧
【かや；かえ [ok] ；カヤ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ kaya (Torreya nucifera)
▶ Japanese nutmeg tree

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2826886 新かや【しんかや】 1. shin kaya; imitation kaya; any kind of cheaper wood that resembles kaya, used for go and shogi boards
	⇐ see: 2830331 本かや【ほんかや】 1. genuine kaya (as opposed to imitation kaya)

History:

2.	A 2016-10-09 22:45:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-10-09 15:12:38 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wiki gg5
	Comments:	go and shogi players say "kaya"
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21,2 @@ -<gloss>Japanese nutmeg tree (Torreya nucifera)</gloss> +<gloss>kaya (Torreya nucifera)</gloss> +<gloss>Japanese nutmeg tree</gloss>

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jmdict 1647900 Active (id: 2203963)
引きこもり [spec1] ；引き篭もり；引き籠もり [rK] ；引籠もり [rK] ；引籠り [rK] ；引き篭り [sK] ；引き籠り [sK] ；引篭もり [sK] ；引篭り [sK]
【ひきこもり [spec1] ；ヒキコモリ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ shut-in
▶ stay-at-home
▶ hikikomori
▶ person who has withdrawn from society

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2220260 ヒッキー 1. someone who withdraws from society (e.g. hides in their room); hikikomori
	⇐ see: 2837129 自宅警備員【じたくけいびいん】 1. shut-in; stay-at-home; recluse; security officer of one's own home

2.

[n]
▶ social withdrawal
▶ shunning other people

History:

20.	A 2022-08-14 11:42:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding sK/sk forms.
	Diff:	@@ -12,3 +11,0 @@ -<keb>引き篭り</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> @@ -17,10 +13,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>引き籠り</keb> -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>引篭もり</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>引篭り</keb> @@ -34,0 +22,16 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>引き篭り</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>引き籠り</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>引篭もり</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>引篭り</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
19.	A 2022-06-27 02:27:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think forms that are in the kokugos should be fully visible, not hidden.
18.	A* 2022-06-27 01:59:34 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	For "HiddenForms", see the discussion on github here: https://github.com/JMdictProject/JMdictIssues/issues/46 Based on your comments about J-J dictionaries on the 引っかく entry, you may also be interested in my new yomichan dictionary: https://github.com/FooSoft/yomichan/issues/2183
17.	A* 2022-06-27 01:42:34 Tyler Winn <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	what is HiddenForm? seems interesting I think it is important to include forms used in jj dicts, see my comments on 引っかく http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/entr.py?svc=jmdict&sid=&q=1169430.1
16.	A* 2022-06-26 22:14:46 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts \| 引きこもり \| 838,508 \| 45.0% \| <- jitsuyou (引きこもる) \| 引き篭もり \| 145,283 \| 7.8% \| \| 引き篭り　 \| 12,618 \| 0.7% \| <- jitsuyou (引き篭る) ※ \| 引き籠もり \| 24,550 \| 1.3% \| <- daijr/s 【引（き）籠もり】 [rK] \| 引き籠り　 \| 4,584 \| 0.2% \| <- oukoku 【引き籠〔も〕り】 ※ [rK] \| 引篭もり　 \| 12,246 \| 0.7% \| ※ \| 引篭り　　 \| 6,158 \| 0.3% \| ※ \| 引籠もり　 \| 922 \| 0.0% \| <- daijr/s 【引（き）籠もり】 [rK] \| 引籠り　　 \| 641 \| 0.0% \| <- koj 【引籠り】, smk 7e [rK] \| ひきこもり \| 759,500 \| 40.7% \| \| ヒキコモリ \| 59,849 \| 3.2% \| ※ I think we can hide these forms 籠 seems to be [rK]
	Comments:	HiddenForm 引き篭り；引き籠り；引篭もり；引篭り I'm not sure it would be a good idea to hide forms that appear in daijr/s and koj, but this might be open to discussion.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -27,0 +30 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -30,0 +34 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 15 older log entries)
15.	A 2021-04-07 05:49:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	About 30 years too late to do that as so many systems and apps assume the options are fully described. You really meant 引(き/)(篭/籠/こ)(も/)り
14.	A* 2021-04-07 02:21:50 Tyler Winn <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Might be nice if there was some syntax you could use to define multiple forms in a single statement. eg 引(き/)(篭/籠)(も/)り can get tedious trying to manually type out each combo to check in ngrams etc
13.	A 2018-11-23 21:13:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
12.	A* 2018-11-23 03:10:16 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -45 +45 @@ -<gloss>people who withdraw from society</gloss> +<gloss>person who has withdrawn from society</gloss>
11.	A 2016-10-10 08:28:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10.	A* 2016-10-10 06:25:55 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think the comment is a bit misleading. (e.g. to the bedroom in the parent's home) might be better, but we could maybe just skip the comment
	Diff:	@@ -45 +45 @@ -<gloss>people who withdraw from society (e.g. retire to the country)</gloss> +<gloss>people who withdraw from society</gloss>
9.	A 2016-10-10 04:48:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think so. The dictionaries really only have sense 2, but there are plenty of examples of it being used to refer to the person as well as the syndrome.
8.	A* 2016-10-09 21:14:07 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Should we have two separate senses?
7.	A 2016-10-09 20:45:29 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wiki
6.	A* 2016-10-07 09:52:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think "hikikomori" has got enough presence in English now to be a gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -42,2 +42,3 @@ -<gloss>a shut-in</gloss> -<gloss>a stay-at-home</gloss> +<gloss>shut-in</gloss> +<gloss>stay-at-home</gloss> +<gloss>hikikomori</gloss>
5.	A 2016-07-21 22:34:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, better than strict ordering.
4.	A* 2016-07-21 07:33:05 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	引きこもり 838508 引き篭もり 145283 引き篭り 12618 引き籠もり 24550 引き籠り 4584 引篭もり 12246 <- was missing 引篭り 6158 引籠もり 922 引籠り 641
	Comments:	Entries like this can be very confusing and difficult to read. I think it is better to strike a compromise between strict frequency ordering and logical ordering -- Now you can easily see that 引き- is more common than 引-; -篭- is more common than -籠- (despite the latter being Joyo); and -もり is more common than -り
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@ +<keb>引き篭り</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -15 +18,4 @@ -<keb>引き篭り</keb> +<keb>引き籠り</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>引篭もり</keb> @@ -19,3 +24,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>引き籠り</keb>
3.	A* 2016-07-21 06:18:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 引きこもり 838508 引き篭もり 145283 引き籠もり 24550 引き篭り 12618 .... ひきこもり 759500 ヒキコモリ 59849
	Diff:	@@ -32,0 +33,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ヒキコモリ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>
2.	A 2013-10-16 05:39:15 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-10-14 10:41:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Ngrams, Daijr, GG5, etc.
	Comments:	The refs all use varying headwords, but most use 引きこもり in examples.
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +7,6 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>引き篭もり</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>引き籠もり</keb> @@ -18,1 +24,1 @@ -<keb>引籠り</keb> +<keb>引籠もり</keb> @@ -21,1 +27,1 @@ -<keb>引き籠もり</keb> +<keb>引籠り</keb>

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jmdict 1714800 Active (id: 2292516)
寒菊
【かんぎく；カンギク (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ winter chrysanthemum (cultivar of Chrysanthemum indicum)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2775040 冬菊【ふゆぎく】 1. winter chrysanthemum (hardy cultivar of Chrysanthemum indicum)

History:

5.	A 2024-02-24 20:02:30 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Typo.
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<reb>カンキク</reb> +<reb>カンギク</reb>
4.	A 2016-10-10 00:25:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
3.	A* 2016-10-09 14:50:16 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wiki 寒菊 is probably one of hundreds of cultivars of Chrysanthemum indicum
	Comments:	I think Marucs is right that "China aster" is another species, Callistephus chinensis
	Diff:	@@ -17,2 +17 @@ -<gloss>winter chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum) (hardy chrysanth variety)</gloss> -<gloss>Chinese aster</gloss> +<gloss>winter chrysanthemum (cultivar of Chrysanthemum indicum)</gloss>
2.	A 2013-03-12 10:33:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ルミナス: winter chrysanthemum GG5: China aster Eijiro: winter chrysanthemum
	Comments:	Maybe this works.
	Diff:	@@ -16,1 +16,3 @@ -<gloss>Chrysanthemum indicum (hardy chrysanth variety)</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>winter chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum) (hardy chrysanth variety)</gloss> +<gloss>Chinese aster</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-03-12 06:49:13 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"Chinese aster" seems to refer to "Callistephus chinensis." 植物名辞典 (weblio) gives 寒菊 as "Chrysanthemum indicum var. hibernum" can't find any other common name in any reliable source (got some hits for "winter aster" though)
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>カンキク</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -12,3 +16,1 @@ -<gloss>Chinese aster (hardy variety of chrysanthemum)</gloss> -<gloss>Chrysanthemum indicum</gloss> -<gloss>Chrysanthemum morifolium</gloss> +<gloss>Chrysanthemum indicum (hardy chrysanth variety)</gloss>

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jmdict 2157570 Active (id: 1936166)
縞ワラビー
【しまワラビー】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ toolache wallaby (Macropus greyi)

History:

3.	A 2016-10-10 00:29:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2016-10-09 14:51:35 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think the comment is needed
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>toolache wallaby (Macropus greyi) (extinct)</gloss> +<gloss>toolache wallaby (Macropus greyi)</gloss>
1.	A 2007-05-06 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2211850 Active (id: 2001936)
ご遠慮ください [spec1] ；ご遠慮下さい [spec1] ；御遠慮下さい；御遠慮ください
【ごえんりょください [spec1] 】

1.

[exp]
▶ please refrain (from)

History:

7.	A 2019-03-26 00:56:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2019-03-25 07:59:29 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Actually I think this is better.
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<gloss>please refrain from (smoking, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>please refrain (from)</gloss>
5.	A 2019-03-25 04:13:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2019-03-23 21:31:03 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<gloss>please refrain from ~ (e.g. smoking, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>please refrain from (smoking, etc.)</gloss>
3.	A 2016-10-10 00:31:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2016-10-09 20:20:38 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ご遠慮ください 1603463 ご遠慮下さい 952930 御遠慮下さい 59286 御遠慮ください 32418
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,6 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>御遠慮下さい</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>御遠慮ください</keb> +</k_ele>
1.	A 2007-10-06 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2406020 Active (id: 1937027)
ロハ台；ろは台
【ロハだい (ロハ台)；ろはだい (ろは台) 】

1.

[n] [col]
▶ free seat (e.g. a park bench)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2405490 ロハ 1. free

History:

5.	A 2016-10-15 22:27:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-10-15 21:08:01 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,5 @@ +<re_restr>ロハ台</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ろはだい</reb> +<re_restr>ろは台</re_restr>
3.	A 2016-10-09 05:31:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2016-10-08 20:16:16
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<gloss>free seat (i.e. a park bench)</gloss> +<gloss>free seat (e.g. a park bench)</gloss>
1.	A 2008-09-23 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2710150 Active (id: 1936168)

ディバタグ

1.

[n]
▶ dibatag (Ammodorcas clarkei)
▶ Clarke's gazelle

History:

4.	A 2016-10-10 00:31:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-10-09 14:59:41 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9,2 @@ -<gloss>dibatag (Ammodorcas clarkei): Clarke's gazelle</gloss> +<gloss>dibatag (Ammodorcas clarkei)</gloss> +<gloss>Clarke's gazelle</gloss>
2.	A 2012-05-09 02:46:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-05-08 23:50:27 Marcus
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ディバ� %BF%E3%82%B0

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jmdict 2826886 Active (id: 1936169)
新かや；新榧；新カヤ
【しんかや (新かや, 新榧)；しんカヤ (新カヤ) 】

1.

[n]
▶ shin kaya
▶ imitation kaya
▶ [expl] any kind of cheaper wood that resembles kaya, used for go and shogi boards

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1634160 榧【かや】 1. kaya (Torreya nucifera); Japanese nutmeg tree
	⇐ see: 2830331 本かや【ほんかや】 1. genuine kaya (as opposed to imitation kaya)

History:

4.	A 2016-10-10 00:32:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-10-09 15:09:09 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://senseis.xmp.net/?ShinKaya wiki(Torreya nucifera): Shin-kaya ("new kaya" in Japanese), imitation kaya, is usually Alaskan, Tibetan or Siberian white spruce, which has become somewhat popular for cheaper equipment due to the scarcity of kaya trees.
	Comments:	A marketing term, not a species name
	Diff:	@@ -25,2 +25,3 @@ -<gloss>North American nutmeg (Torreya californica) (used for shogi and go boards)</gloss> -<gloss>Californian nutmeg</gloss> +<gloss>shin kaya</gloss> +<gloss>imitation kaya</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">any kind of cheaper wood that resembles kaya, used for go and shogi boards</gloss>
2.	A 2015-03-01 03:16:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Simplifying a bit.
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>新榧</keb> +<keb>新かや</keb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>新かや</keb> +<keb>新榧</keb> @@ -14,0 +15,6 @@ +<re_restr>新かや</re_restr> +<re_restr>新榧</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>しんカヤ</reb> +<re_restr>新カヤ</re_restr> @@ -18 +24,3 @@ -<gloss>North American nutmeg tree, torreya californica. Its wood is regularly used as a less expensive substitute for Japanese Kaya wood in the construction of high quality shogi and go boards</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1634160">榧・かや</xref> +<gloss>North American nutmeg (Torreya californica) (used for shogi and go boards)</gloss> +<gloss>Californian nutmeg</gloss>
1.	A* 2015-03-01 00:49:08 Peter Lasky <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torreya_californica https://www.umedashoji.co.jp/igoshogi/ http://www.miwagobanten.com/SHOP/1649/1805/list.html
	Comments:	I've been shopping for shoji boards recently and came across many words I hadn't seen before The board makers often also add the prefix 本 to distinguish Japanese kaya from North American Kaya、本榧 vs 新榧;新かや;新カヤ

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jmdict 2827352 Active (id: 2191091)
堪える；怺える [rK]
【こらえる；こたえる (堪える) 】

1.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to bear
▶ to stand
▶ to endure
▶ to put up with

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1211310 耐える【たえる】 1. to bear; to stand; to endure; to put up with

2.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to restrain
▶ to control
▶ to keep a check on

3.

[v1,vt] [uk]
▶ to forgive
▶ to put up with
▶ to pardon

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2022-06-16 02:25:11 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2022-06-16 02:00:48 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts \| 堪える　 \| 134,231 \| \| 怺える　 \| 132 \| <- in daijr/s, koj, mk, etc \| こらえる \| 143,263 \| \| こたえる \| 431,931 \|
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
7.	A 2017-07-02 02:24:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2017-07-01 17:18:57 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I can't find or think of an intransitive example.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +18,0 @@ -<pos>&vi;</pos>
5.	A 2016-10-10 00:34:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2016-10-09 19:22:21 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1211310">耐える・たえる・1</xref> @@ -30 +30,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1211310">耐える・たえる・1</xref>
3.	A 2015-09-05 21:57:41 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2015-07-20 06:05:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 (all examples in kana)
	Comments:	GG5 has a 4th "endure" sense, which looks like sense 1 to me.
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -25,0 +27,18 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1211310">耐える・たえる・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1211310">耐える・たえる・1</xref> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to restrain</gloss> +<gloss>to control</gloss> +<gloss>to keep a check on</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to forgive</gloss> +<gloss>to put up with</gloss> +<gloss>to pardon</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A* 2015-07-09 14:03:39 luce
	Comments:	proposing split from the hybrid たえる + こらえる entry

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jmdict 2828479 Active (id: 1936243)
海老根；蝦根
【えびね；エビネ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ Calanthe discolor (species of orchid)

History:

6.	A 2016-10-10 10:08:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2016-10-10 06:14:20 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I do not like calanthe (Calanthe discolor) (species of orchid). It should be eíther calanthe (Calanthe discolor) or Calanthe discolor (species of orchid) and I choose the latter
4.	A 2016-10-10 00:39:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Don't really mind either way.
3.	A* 2016-10-09 15:30:57 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	don't think calanthe really is a common name
	Diff:	@@ -20 +20 @@ -<gloss>calanthe (Calanthe discolor) (species of orchid)</gloss> +<gloss>Calanthe discolor (species of orchid)</gloss>
2.	A 2016-03-09 23:53:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, ルミナス, n-grams
	Comments:	Also a surname, which skews the n-grams.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>蝦根</keb> @@ -16 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>Calanthe discolor (species of orchid)</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>calanthe (Calanthe discolor) (species of orchid)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2016-02-15 01:36:30 Scott
	Refs:	wiki

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jmdict 2828873 Active (id: 1936170)
岩海苔
【いわのり；イワノリ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ wild harvested nori

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1201620 海苔 1. nori; laver; edible seaweed, usu. Porphyra yezoensis or P. tenera, usu. dried and pressed into sheets

2.

[n]
▶ jelly lichen (Collema sp.)

History:

5.	A 2016-10-10 00:33:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-10-09 16:54:36 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collema
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21 @@ -<gloss>Collema (genus of lichens)</gloss> +<gloss>jelly lichen (Collema sp.)</gloss>
3.	A* 2016-10-09 16:02:56 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwiki: 岩海苔（いわのり）とは、海苔と呼ばれる食用藻類のうち、岩場に自生している天然のもの及びその加工品の総称である apparently most nori is culivated, see for instance http://www.seaweed.ie/aquaculture/noricultivation.php --- gg5 has sense 2
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17,5 @@ -<gloss>iwanori (Porphyra yezoensis) (poss. Collema spp.)</gloss> +<gloss>wild harvested nori</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>Collema (genus of lichens)</gloss>
2.	A 2016-03-16 00:36:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://blog.umamimart.com/2010/08/japanify-seaweed/ GG5 Hosking: A Dictionary of Japanese Food
	Comments:	Worth differentiating from regular nori. Both GG5 and Hosking mention Collema.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>イワノリ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -13 +17 @@ -<gloss>nori</gloss> +<gloss>iwanori (Porphyra yezoensis) (poss. Collema spp.)</gloss>
1.	A* 2016-03-15 20:14:28 Scott
	Refs:	gg5 daij koj wiki (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/岩海苔) wiki (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nori)
	Comments:	Hard to see what's the difference between this and just 海苔

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jmdict 2830330 Active (id: 1936116)
被毛
【ひもう】

1.

[n]
▶ hair coat (of an animal)

History:

2.	A 2016-10-09 05:35:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, リーダーズ+プラス
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>hair coat</gloss> +<gloss>hair coat (of an animal)</gloss>
1.	A* 2016-10-08 16:21:03 John Carey <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	www

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jmdict 2830331 Active (id: 1936173)
本かや；本榧；本カヤ
【ほんかや (本かや, 本榧)；ほんカヤ (本カヤ) 】

1.

[n]
▶ genuine kaya (as opposed to imitation kaya)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1634160 榧【かや】 1. kaya (Torreya nucifera); Japanese nutmeg tree
	⇒ see: 2826886 新かや【しんかや】 1. shin kaya; imitation kaya; any kind of cheaper wood that resembles kaya, used for go and shogi boards

History:

2.	A 2016-10-10 00:40:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2016-10-09 15:26:16 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams 本かや 18027 本榧 4050 本カヤ 883 http://www.maekawa-kayagoban.co.jp/SHOP/3909/3911/list.html http://senseis.xmp.net/?Kaya

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jmdict 2830332 Active (id: 1936162)
減流抵抗器
【げんりゅうていこうき】

1.

[n]
▶ current decreasing resistor

History:

2.	A 2016-10-09 23:34:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1233280207 Kagaku glossary. Wikipj (断流器) 0 n-grams
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos>
1.	A* 2016-10-09 15:34:11 Stewart C Baker <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://dict.hjenglish.com/jp/jc/げんりゅうていこうき

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JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

6.	A 2016-10-09 21:55:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2016-10-09 19:17:55 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	はっきり 8953183 ハッキリ 1743141
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ハッキリ</reb> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
4.	A 2012-02-23 05:47:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2012-02-23 05:20:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 新和英中辞典
	Comments:	OK, I did it.
	Diff:	@@ -11,1 +11,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -17,0 +16,10 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<s_inf>often as はっきりした</s_inf> +<gloss>to be clear</gloss> +<gloss>to be definite</gloss> +<gloss>to be certain</gloss> +<gloss>to be exact</gloss> +<gloss>to become clear</gloss> +<gloss>to clear up</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A* 2012-02-20 09:41:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"to be clear", etc. Perhaps we need to put the "vs" in a separate sense.
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-02-17 21:10:14
	Comments:	Hi, it's not obvious to me from this entry what はっきいする means -- especially whether it means "to be clear" or "to make clear".

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