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| 1. |
(戸 only)
[n]
▶ door (esp. Japanese-style)
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| 2. |
[n]
▶ shutter ▶ window shutter |
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| 3. |
[n]
[arch]
▶ entrance (to a home) |
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| 4. |
[n]
[arch]
▶ narrows |
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| 4. | A 2017-08-04 21:06:42 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Tightening x-ref. |
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| Diff: | @@ -22 +22 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1483380">扉</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1483380">扉・1</xref> |
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| 3. | A 2016-01-29 01:27:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Actually that's current, so it should move up. |
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| Diff: | @@ -26,0 +27,5 @@ +<gloss>shutter</gloss> +<gloss>window shutter</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -35,5 +39,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>shutter</gloss> -<gloss>window shutter</gloss> -</sense> |
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| 2. | A 2016-01-27 02:14:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2016-01-16 23:38:42 Scott | |
| Refs: | gg5 koj (sense 3) |
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| Diff: | @@ -34,0 +35,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>shutter</gloss> +<gloss>window shutter</gloss> +</sense> |
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| 1. |
[exp]
《after neg. verb stem》 ▶ have to do ▶ must ▶ should ▶ ought to
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| 3. | R 2016-04-10 11:54:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | OK, rejecting this. |
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| 2. | A* 2016-01-29 20:56:54 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | i don't think these should be merged. and in fact, i think the entry should be further split. it combines multiple entries with different conjugation patterns (i.e., ない vs まい vs ません vs ぬ). - also, here's shinmeikai on なければならない vs なければいけない: *なければいけない 類似した表現に「なければならない」および「べきだ」がある。「なければならない」「なければいけない」はともに行動上の制約という点では共通するが、両者の違いはおおむね以下のようである。 （1）「なければならない」は運命的･宿命的な事柄、また、社会道徳や法律･規則などそれに反する行為が認められないことを表わすのに用いる。 （2）「なければいけない」は自分自身の保全･保守やより好ましい環境をつくり出すためにとるべき態度や行為を表わすのに用いる。 （3）「今月は税金も納めなければならないし、夏服も作らなければいけないから何かと出費がかさむ」ということになる。しかし現実には、前者後者を必ずしも明確には意識されず混用されることが多い。 （4）「なければいけない」が相手の行動に示唆を与えるのに用いられる場合には、勧告する気持を含意することがある。例、「体調が悪いのならば再び医者に診てもらわなければいけない」 （5）両者ともに「…てはならない（いけない）」などの禁止表現に応じる行為を表わすのに用いられる。「『ここでタバコを吸ってはいけない』と言われたら吸うのをやめなければならない（いけない）」ということになる。 （6）「なければならない」「なければいけない」がその人の行動上の制約とのかかわり合いが大きいのに対し、「べきだ」は行動の制約は必ずしも強くはない。「あのときすぐに謝るべきであった」など事態が険悪になってから過去の行動を振り返るときに、ものの道理から見てどのような行動をとるのが望ましかったかという建前論を述べる場合などによく使われる。 |
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| 1. | A* 2015-11-06 23:15:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | Makino & Tsutsui Grammar dictionaries. G n-grams: なければならない 15755700 なければなりません 2903247 なければいけない 2578274 ねばならない 1511774 なければいけません 583781 なければならぬ 517718 ねばなりません 365218 ねばならぬ 320639 ねばなるまい 106274 なければなるまい 32928 なけばならない 5639 |
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| Comments: | Re-ordering on frequency. Adding note (from 2210120). Proposing merger of 2210120 (なければなるまい & ねばなるまい) which mean the same. The "ねば...." versions are noted by Makino & Tsutsui as being written-only forms. Should this be a note? Or should they be put in a separate entry? |
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| Diff: | @@ -17 +17 @@ -<reb>ねばならぬ</reb> +<reb>ねばならない</reb> @@ -20 +20,4 @@ -<reb>ねばならない</reb> +<reb>なければいけません</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>なければならぬ</reb> @@ -26 +29,7 @@ -<reb>なければならぬ</reb> +<reb>ねばならぬ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ねばなるまい</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>なければなるまい</reb> @@ -32,0 +42 @@ +<s_inf>after neg. verb stem</s_inf> |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ copper vessel |
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| 2. | D 2016-01-29 00:10:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | No great merit. |
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| 1. | D* 2016-01-28 18:45:38 luce | |
| Refs: | 211 www hits |
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| Comments: | A+B? |
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| 1. |
[exp]
▶ have (need) only to go there |
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| 2. | D 2016-01-29 00:12:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Can't see it's common enough to be worth an entry. |
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| 1. | D* 2016-01-28 19:22:38 luce | |
| Comments: | seems more like a whole example sentence 7 www hits for "ただそこへ行きさえすれば" |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ persimmon-filled mochi
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| 2. | A 2016-01-29 04:32:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | A bit simpler. |
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| Diff: | @@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>sticky rice cake filled with persimmons</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1535790">餅・もち</xref> +<gloss>persimmon-filled mochi</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2016-01-01 21:51:11 Scott | |
| Refs: | daijs |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ custom of tying a large mochi on a toddler's back on his or her first birthday
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| 4. | A 2016-01-29 20:52:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | the mochi's first birthday? |
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| Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>custom of tying a large mochi on a toddler's back on its first birthday</gloss> +<gloss>custom of tying a large mochi on a toddler's back on his or her first birthday</gloss> |
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| 3. | A* 2016-01-29 14:46:46 | |
| Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>custom of tying a large on a toddler's back on its first birthday</gloss> +<gloss>custom of tying a large mochi on a toddler's back on its first birthday</gloss> |
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| 2. | A* 2016-01-29 09:47:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | Daijr |
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| Comments: | Trimming. |
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| Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>custom of tying a 1800cc sticky rice cake to a toddler's back on his first birthday so that he falls on one's backside when trying to walk</gloss> +<gloss>custom of tying a large on a toddler's back on its first birthday</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2016-01-01 23:25:09 Scott | |
| Refs: | daijs |
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| Comments: | Reference video: http://youtu.be/E1qZTl1L31o As the parents write: １升餅を背負わせ、転んだり大泣きさせて家族皆で祝う少々過激な儀式。 |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ large mochi (usu. used for ceremonies)
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| 5. | A 2021-10-08 19:53:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 4. | A* 2021-10-04 07:45:30 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
| Diff: | @@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>large mochi, usu. for ceremonies</gloss> +<gloss>large mochi (usu. used for ceremonies)</gloss> |
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| 3. | A 2016-01-29 20:51:54 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
| 2. | A* 2016-01-29 09:45:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/一升餅 |
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| Comments: | I think this works better. The wiki page says its usage varies. |
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| Diff: | @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1163460">一升・いっしょう</xref> @@ -13 +14 @@ -<gloss>sticky rice cake made from one sho (1800cc) of rice (esp. one used for a ceremony occurring on a baby's first birthday)</gloss> +<gloss>large mochi, usu. for ceremonies</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2016-01-01 23:34:29 Scott | |
| Refs: | daijs |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ ishigantō ▶ [expl] stone tablet inscribed with the word "ishigantō" placed at crossroads, on stone walls etc. in southern Kyūshū and Okinawa to ward off evil spirits; orig. a Chinese custom |
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| 7. | A 2024-02-25 20:46:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | I wish it wasn't so wordy. |
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| 6. | A* 2024-02-25 17:16:25 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | Kyushu -> Kyūshū Chineee -> Chinese |
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| Diff: | @@ -20 +20 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">stone tablet inscribed with the word "ishigantō" placed at crossroads, on stone walls etc. in southern Kyushu and Okinawa to ward off evil spirits; orig. a Chineee custom</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">stone tablet inscribed with the word "ishigantō" placed at crossroads, on stone walls etc. in southern Kyūshū and Okinawa to ward off evil spirits; orig. a Chinese custom</gloss> |
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| 5. | A* 2024-02-25 11:12:28 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | koj, daijr etc. describe the Japanese stone. Koj mentions it's 中国伝来の民俗, the others don't. |
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| Diff: | @@ -19,2 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>shigandang</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">stone tablet placed at a three-way street intersection (or dead end) to ward off evil spirits</gloss> +<gloss>ishigantō</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">stone tablet inscribed with the word "ishigantō" placed at crossroads, on stone walls etc. in southern Kyushu and Okinawa to ward off evil spirits; orig. a Chineee custom</gloss> |
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| 4. | A 2024-01-26 05:38:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Leading with a [oK] term looks odd. |
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| 3. | A* 2024-01-25 21:39:08 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 石敢當 │ 16,195 │ 63.4% │ - oK │ 石敢当 │ 2,222 │ 8.7% │ │ いしがんとう │ 6,854 │ 26.8% │ - ... (daijr/s, koj, nhk accent) │ せきかんとう │ 133 │ 0.5% │ - add (daijr/s, koj) │ いしがんどう │ 91 │ 0.4% │ - drop │ せっかんとう │ 59 │ 0.2% │ - drop ╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ |
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| Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> @@ -11,3 +11,0 @@ -<reb>いしがんどう</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -17 +15 @@ -<reb>せっかんとう</reb> +<reb>せきかんとう</reb> |
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| (show/hide 2 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[n]
[uk]
▶ bamboo fungus (Phallus indusiatus) ▶ bamboo pith ▶ long net stinkhorn ▶ crinoline stinkhorn |
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| 4. | A 2016-01-29 00:15:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phallaceae |
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| Comments: | I think you are right. Despite it being GG5's only gloss, it's best removed. |
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| Diff: | @@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>stinkhorn mushroom</gloss> |
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| 3. | A* 2016-01-28 13:27:02 Johan Råde <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | wiki, jwiki |
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| Comments: | Doesn't "stinkhorn mushroom" refer to the entire family Phallaceae (スッポンタケ科)? |
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| 2. | A 2016-01-28 00:25:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | GG5 (uses the old "Dictyophora indusiata" name.) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phallus_indusiatus |
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| Diff: | @@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -16,0 +18 @@ +<gloss>stinkhorn mushroom</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2016-01-02 21:04:34 Scott | |
| Refs: | wiki |
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| 1. |
[n]
[uk]
▶ choy sum (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis) ▶ choi sum ▶ Chinese flowering cabbage |
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| 2. | A 2016-01-29 01:18:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Not the same as 青梗菜. |
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| Diff: | @@ -16,2 +16,3 @@ -<gloss>Choy sum (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)</gloss> -<gloss>Choi sum</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>choy sum (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)</gloss> +<gloss>choi sum</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2016-01-02 21:26:52 Scott | |
| Refs: | wiki http://eol.org/pages/483568/overview |
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| Comments: | The Japanese wiki has "var. utilis" but that's not on EOL. |
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| 1. |
[n]
[arch]
▶ magical art (esp. related to medicine)
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| 2. | A 2016-01-29 00:19:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Trimming. |
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| Diff: | @@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>magical art, esp. related to medicine (as practiced by a certain type of sorcerer)</gloss> +<gloss>magical art (esp. related to medicine)</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2016-01-04 20:30:25 Scott | |
| Refs: | daij koj |
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| 1. |
[exp]
[proverb]
{Buddhism}
▶ bringing pungent vegetables or liquor inside the temple is prohibited |
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| 4. | A 2017-12-05 23:43:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Of sorts. |
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| 3. | A* 2017-12-05 08:41:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | A proverb of sorts, I guess? |
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| Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&proverb;</misc> |
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| 2. | A 2016-01-29 09:35:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Hmmm. I guess if we can have 駐車禁止 as an entry.... |
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| Diff: | @@ -11 +10,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> |
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| 1. | A* 2016-01-08 21:56:57 Scott | |
| Refs: | gg5 (as an example sentence for くんしゅ) - daij koj |
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| 1. |
[exp,v5u]
▶ to lose one's composure ▶ to lose one's temper |
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| 2. | A 2016-01-29 00:17:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2016-01-15 23:20:35 Scott | |
| Refs: | daijr |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ top-hinged window shutter (often held open with a pole) |
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| 2. | A 2016-01-29 01:28:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Diff: | @@ -15 +15 @@ -<gloss>top-hinged window shutter that can be held open with a pole</gloss> +<gloss>top-hinged window shutter (often held open with a pole)</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2016-01-16 23:41:11 Scott | |
| Refs: | daij gg5 googimages (http://www.geocities.jp/mtmt1952/rekisi/rekisi-matumotojyou/rekisi-b-tukiagedo.htm) |
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| Comments: | Google images doesn't show anything that looks like a door |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ transom (boat, doorway, window)
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| 4. | A 2016-01-29 00:08:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Google images are mostly of boats. |
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| Diff: | @@ -10,2 +10 @@ -<field>&archit;</field> -<gloss>transom</gloss> +<gloss>transom (boat, doorway, window)</gloss> |
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| 3. | A* 2016-01-28 05:41:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | fyi, does apply. gakken katakana, sense 2: 船尾板. not sure if this changes the entry |
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| 2. | A 2016-01-28 05:40:25 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2016-01-27 00:36:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 新英和大辞典, リーダーズ+プラス, etc. |
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| Comments: | May also be used for the boat sense too. |
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