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jmdict 1217660 Active (id: 1145231)
頑強 [spec2,news2,nf32]
がんきょう [spec2,news2,nf32]
1. [adj-na]
▶ stubborn
▶ dogged
▶ persistent
▶ tenacious
2. [adj-na]
▶ tough
▶ sturdy
▶ hardy
▶ strong



History:
3. A 2013-08-20 08:24:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2013-08-19 20:10:35  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij, gg5, prog
  Comments:
not a noun
  Diff:
@@ -18,1 +18,1 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>stubborn</gloss>
@@ -20,0 +20,1 @@
+<gloss>persistent</gloss>
@@ -21,2 +22,7 @@
-<gloss>stubborn</gloss>
-<gloss>endurance</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<gloss>tough</gloss>
+<gloss>sturdy</gloss>
+<gloss>hardy</gloss>
+<gloss>strong</gloss>
1. A* 2013-08-18 10:56:03 
  Refs:
The Japanese and English versions of Demons Souls for PS3. In the stats 
menu it says 頑強 in Japanese and Endurance in English for each 
respective game.

Below are some websites that use the same words.

http://demonssouls.wikidot.com/stats

http://wiki.livedoor.jp/demons_souls/lite/d/�趯��%C
0%AE%C4%B9%CE%A8
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +22,1 @@
+<gloss>endurance</gloss>

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jmdict 1288390 Active (id: 1145224)
腰元
こしもと
1. [n]
▶ chamber maid
▶ female servant
2. [n]
▶ area around the hips
▶ waist area



History:
2. A 2013-08-20 06:49:57  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2013-08-20 06:22:02  Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +15,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>area around the hips</gloss>
+<gloss>waist area</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1366760 Active (id: 2145195)
人格者 [news2,nf45]
じんかくしゃ [news2,nf45]
1. [n]
▶ person of character



History:
3. A 2021-08-27 15:40:45  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -17 +16,0 @@
-<gloss>man of character</gloss>
2. A 2013-08-20 08:25:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2013-08-20 07:24:37  Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs, ALC, etc.
  Comments:
Not just "person".
Putting gender-neutral first.
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +16,1 @@
+<gloss>person of character</gloss>
@@ -17,1 +18,0 @@
-<gloss>person</gloss>

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jmdict 1577660 Active (id: 2198649)
[rK] [rK]
うがい [ichi1]
1. [n,vs,vi] [uk]
▶ gargling
▶ rinsing one's mouth
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2797680 含嗽 1. gargling; rinsing one's mouth

Conjugations


History:
12. A 2022-07-27 01:52:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Bulk update of vi-vt tags from meikyo
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
11. A 2021-11-30 14:19:13  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
嗽	4645
うがい	420834
嗽をする	215
うがいをする	23280
  Diff:
@@ -6 +6 @@
-<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -18 +19 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2797680">含嗽・がんそう</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2797680">含嗽</xref>
10. A 2013-08-29 19:04:29  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
9. A* 2013-08-28 01:38:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The "ichiman" ref actually had 嗽, so I'll move that to the front. GG5 has 含嗽 as the only kanji form, which is a bit odd,  and Daijirin has "嗽 <含嗽>". The question is whether we want うがい to be found by searching for 含嗽. The suggestion of putting うがい as a gikun reading in the がんそう entry is indeed possible. It's a bit messy, but less so than the merge we have just broken up. let's see how that goes.
  Diff:
@@ -5,1 +5,1 @@
-<keb>含嗽</keb>
+<keb>嗽</keb>
@@ -7,3 +7,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>嗽</keb>
8. A* 2013-08-28 00:54:12  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
-i'm not sure how [ichi1] was assigned, but we may want to change this so 嗽 comes first (and put the ichi tag on there... usage tag should presumably be on the first kanji form even though this is uk)  嗽 is the only form for うがい in koj, shinmeikai, meikyo, daijs, daijr, and prog.  would also help to distinguish from がんそう.

-also, we may want to consider removing 含嗽 from here altogether and adding うがい as a gikun reading in 2797680
(show/hide 7 older log entries)

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jmdict 1756590 Active (id: 1145226)
雁字搦めがんじ搦め雁字がらめ
がんじがらめ
1. [adv] [uk]
▶ bound hand and foot
▶ hedged in (e.g. by restrictions)
▶ immobile



History:
2. A 2013-08-20 06:50:38  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2013-08-20 04:25:50  Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
n-grams
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +6,6 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>がんじ搦め</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>雁字がらめ</keb>
@@ -12,0 +18,1 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>

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jmdict 2169450 Active (id: 2147212)

ぐしゃっとグシャっとグシャッとくしゃっとクシャっとクシャッと
1. [adv] [on-mim]
▶ crushing
▶ squashing
▶ crumpling
▶ squishing
▶ with a smash
▶ with a crunch
▶ with a squelch
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2828461 ぐしゃり 1. squashed; crushed
2. (くしゃっと,クシャっと,クシャッと only) [adv] [on-mim]
▶ crinkling (into a broad smile)
▶ forming creases
▶ forming wrinkles



History:
8. A 2021-09-20 06:36:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Possibly くしゃっと et al. should go in another entry.
7. A* 2021-09-19 15:23:01  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
クシャっと	3567
グシャっと	2776
----
ぐしゃっとつぶれ	317
くしゃっとつぶれ	No matches
ぐしゃっとした笑顔	No matches
くしゃっとした笑顔	664
----
https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1267250792
https://hinative.com/ja/questions/16702973
  Comments:
Google image results for くしゃっと are mostly pictures of people smiling.
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,9 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ぐしゃっと</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>グシャっと</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>グシャッと</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -8 +17 @@
-<reb>ぐしゃっと</reb>
+<reb>クシャっと</reb>
@@ -13,3 +21,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>グシャッと</reb>
-</r_ele>
@@ -19,4 +25,17 @@
-<gloss>crushed flat</gloss>
-<gloss>squashed to a pulp</gloss>
-<gloss>squished</gloss>
-<gloss>crumpled</gloss>
+<gloss>crushing</gloss>
+<gloss>squashing</gloss>
+<gloss>crumpling</gloss>
+<gloss>squishing</gloss>
+<gloss>with a smash</gloss>
+<gloss>with a crunch</gloss>
+<gloss>with a squelch</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<stagr>くしゃっと</stagr>
+<stagr>クシャっと</stagr>
+<stagr>クシャッと</stagr>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
+<gloss>crinkling (into a broad smile)</gloss>
+<gloss>forming creases</gloss>
+<gloss>forming wrinkles</gloss>
6. A* 2021-09-18 04:09:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ぐしゃっと	5141
グシャッと	2750
くしゃっと	5402
クシャッと	3615
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>くしゃっと</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -8 +11,4 @@
-<reb>くしゃっと</reb>
+<reb>クシャッと</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>グシャッと</reb>
5. A 2013-08-20 08:25:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Agree.
4. A* 2013-08-19 23:28:31  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
nikk, daij
  Comments:
if we're just calling this [adv-to], then i see no reason not to follow the kokugos by attaching the と and calling it an [adv] instead
  Diff:
@@ -5,1 +5,1 @@
-<reb>ぐしゃっ</reb>
+<reb>ぐしゃっと</reb>
@@ -8,1 +8,1 @@
-<reb>くしゃっ</reb>
+<reb>くしゃっと</reb>
@@ -11,1 +11,1 @@
-<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2251160 Deleted (id: 1155225)
[oK]
べん
1. [n,n-suf] [abbr]
▶ bento
▶ [expl] Japanese box lunch
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1513060 弁当【べんとう】 1. bento; Japanese box lunch
2. [n]
▶ Oversight Department (division of the daijokan responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2250570 太政官 1. Grand Council of State (1868-1885)
  ⇒ see: 2250570 太政官 2. Department of State (under the ritsuryō system)
  ⇒ see: 2251150 弁官 1. Oversight Department (division of the daijokan responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices)



History:
8. D 2014-04-02 17:59:20  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
7. D* 2014-04-01 22:48:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Merging with 1512710.
6. A 2013-08-21 20:54:44  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
sure
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +16,1 @@
+<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
5. A* 2013-08-20 09:22:43  Marcus Richert
  Comments:
n-suf as well? 駅弁 etc.
4. A* 2013-08-20 08:23:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Fine, but surely this should be the first sense.
  Diff:
@@ -16,6 +16,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2250570">太政官</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2251150">弁官</xref>
-<gloss>Oversight Department (division of the daijokan responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices)</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -27,0 +21,6 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2250570">太政官</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2251150">弁官</xref>
+<gloss>Oversight Department (division of the daijokan responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices)</gloss>
+</sense>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2410360 Active (id: 1145230)
会す
えす
1. [vs-c,vt] [arch]
▶ to understand
▶ to comprehend



History:
3. A 2013-08-20 08:24:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2013-08-19 23:25:09  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij
  Diff:
@@ -11,1 +11,1 @@
-<pos>&v5s;</pos>
+<pos>&vs-c;</pos>
1. A 2008-09-23 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2423430 Active (id: 1145229)
下げ提げ [oK] 垂げ [oK]
さげ
1. [n]
▶ lowering
▶ sinking
▶ bringing down
▶ letting down
Cross references:
  ⇔ ant: 1352300 上げ 2. rise (e.g. in price)
2. [n]
▶ depreciation
▶ price fall
3. [n]
▶ punch line (of a rakugo story)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1548720 落語 1. rakugo; traditional Japanese comic storytelling; comic story (told by a professional storyteller)
4. [n] [abbr,arch]
▶ sword strap
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1185350 下げ緒 1. cord for attaching a sword scabbard tightly to the obi; sword strap; sword knot



History:
6. A 2013-08-20 08:23:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2013-08-19 23:44:21  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
wrong sense
  Diff:
@@ -20,1 +20,1 @@
-<xref type="ant" seq="1352300">上げ・1</xref>
+<xref type="ant" seq="1352300">上げ・2</xref>
4. A* 2013-08-19 23:43:55  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
more useful xref
  Diff:
@@ -20,1 +20,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1184170">下げる・2</xref>
+<xref type="ant" seq="1352300">上げ・1</xref>
3. A 2012-10-01 07:17:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
2. A* 2012-09-26 14:29:31  Marcus
  Refs:
研究社 新和英中辞典, daij, nikk, 日英・英日専門用語辞書
  Comments:
I don't think 下げ by itself means "tag, label" - take a 
look at 新和英中辞典's entry 
http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/さげ
_______________
there's also the 2ch usage of the word, but it's more often 
written "sage" rather than 下げ and I felt things get a bit 
messy if I added it here
http://netyougo.com/2ch/106.html
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +7,8 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>提げ</keb>
+<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>垂げ</keb>
+<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
@@ -11,3 +19,23 @@
-<pos>&pref;</pos>
-<gloss>tag</gloss>
-<gloss>label</gloss>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1184170">下げる・2</xref>
+<gloss>lowering</gloss>
+<gloss>sinking</gloss>
+<gloss>bringing down</gloss>
+<gloss>letting down</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>depreciation</gloss>
+<gloss>price fall</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1548720">落語</xref>
+<gloss>punch line (of a rakugo story)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1185350">下げ緒</xref>
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
+<gloss>sword strap</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2796830 Active (id: 2069510)
チャラ男ちゃら男
チャラお (チャラ男)ちゃらお (ちゃら男)
1. [n]
▶ shallow playboy
▶ frivolous lad
▶ good-time Charlie
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2796890 チャラ子 1. frivolous, flighty woman; good-time girl



History:
6. A 2020-05-19 22:58:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Indeed. Your version sounds fine.
5. A* 2020-05-19 21:00:30  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/チャラ男
  Comments:
These glosses sound really old-fashioned. Especially considering this word is a slang used by young people.
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>shallow playboy</gloss>
4. A 2013-08-21 23:18:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2013-08-21 21:10:31  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +7,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ちゃら男</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -9,0 +12,5 @@
+<re_restr>チャラ男</re_restr>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ちゃらお</reb>
+<re_restr>ちゃら男</re_restr>
@@ -12,0 +20,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2796890">チャラ子</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2796890">チャラ子</xref>
2. A 2013-08-20 12:48:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr
  Comments:
I guess that gloss tells the story OK.
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2796850 Active (id: 2276034)
裏っかわ裏っ側
うらっかわ
1. [n]
▶ the reverse (side)
▶ back (side)
▶ other side
▶ hidden side
▶ behind the scenes
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1550410 裏側 1. the reverse (side); back (side); other side; hidden side; behind the scenes



History:
3. A 2023-09-01 13:18:49  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -15,3 +15,3 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="1550410">裏側・うらがわ</xref>
-<gloss>the reverse</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1550410">裏側</xref>
+<gloss>the reverse (side)</gloss>
+<gloss>back (side)</gloss>
@@ -19 +19,2 @@
-<gloss>lining</gloss>
+<gloss>hidden side</gloss>
+<gloss>behind the scenes</gloss>
2. A 2013-08-20 06:50:22  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2013-08-19 23:47:54  Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
nikk, n-grams

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jmdict 2796860 Active (id: 1145239)
種床
たねどこ
1. [n]
▶ container for growing seedlings
▶ seedbed
▶ sowing bed
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2796880 は種床【はしゅどこ】 1. container for growing seedlings; seedbed; sowing bed



History:
2. A 2013-08-20 12:42:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
That Weblio ref is to Nichigai's dictionary of seasonal haiku terms.
  Comments:
Not common. WWW usage confirms it, but it's getting mized up with は種床 and 播種床
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2796880">は種床・はしゅどこ</xref>
@@ -13,0 +14,2 @@
+<gloss>seedbed</gloss>
+<gloss>sowing bed</gloss>
1. A* 2013-08-20 03:07:13  Tefitt <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://www.weblio.jp/content/種床

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jmdict 2796870 Active (id: 1145237)
元気づけ元気付け
げんきづけ
1. [n]
▶ pep-up
▶ reassurance
▶ pick-me-up
▶ restorative
▶ energizer



History:
3. A 2013-08-20 12:33:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2013-08-20 09:24:29 
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@
+<gloss>energizer</gloss>
1. A* 2013-08-20 09:19:59  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
nikk, eij, ordered on ngram
"pick-me-up" might be a little bit too ambiguous but in RH's 
英英 dic the 2nd definition was "any restorative"

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jmdict 2796880 Active (id: 1145280)
は種床播種床
はしゅどこ
1. [n]
▶ container for growing seedlings
▶ seedbed
▶ sowing bed
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2796860 種床【たねどこ】 1. container for growing seedlings; seedbed; sowing bed



History:
2. A 2013-08-21 21:02:41  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2013-08-20 12:41:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
リーダーズ+プラス, http://catv.kaminoho.jp/industry/growing/asaichi/eda.html  (幅90cmの播種床(はしゅどこ)をつくり), Eijiro

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jmdict 2796890 Active (id: 1145299)
チャラ子ちゃら子
チャラこ (チャラ子)ちゃらこ (ちゃら子)
1. [n]
▶ frivolous, flighty woman
▶ good-time girl
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2796830 チャラ男【チャラお】 1. shallow playboy; frivolous lad; good-time Charlie



History:
3. A 2013-08-21 23:19:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2013-08-21 21:09:40  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +7,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ちゃら子</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -9,0 +12,5 @@
+<re_restr>チャラ子</re_restr>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ちゃらこ</reb>
+<re_restr>ちゃら子</re_restr>
1. A* 2013-08-20 12:50:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr

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jmdict 2796900 Rejected (id: 1145253)
頽廢
たいはい
1. [n]
▶ deterioration, degeneration, laxness, corruption, decadence, ruin

History:
2. R 2013-08-21 07:19:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
This is an alternative surface form of 頽廃. I have added it there.
1. A* 2013-08-20 16:26:06  puolukankukka <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
New Nelson 6636
for  廢 (1639)see 廃 (1630) (New Nelson)
  Comments:
see: 頽廃

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