JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1532350 Active (id: 2217868)
明るい [ichi1,news1,nf09] ；明い [sK]
【あかるい [ichi1,news1,nf09] 】

1.

[adj-i]
▶ light
▶ well-lit
▶ well-lighted

2.

[adj-i]
▶ bright (of a colour)
▶ brightly-coloured
▶ brightly-colored

3.

[adj-i]
▶ cheerful
▶ bright
▶ spirited
▶ sunny (e.g. disposition)

4.

[adj-i]
▶ encouraging (for the future of a project, etc.)
▶ promising
▶ of fair prospects

5.

[adj-i]
《as 〜に明るい》
▶ familiar (with)
▶ knowledgeable (about)
▶ well versed (in)

Cross references:
	⇐ ant: 1154330 暗い【くらい】 6. unfamiliar (with); ignorant (of)

6.

[adj-i]
▶ fair (e.g. politics)
▶ clean
▶ impartial

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2023-01-04 00:24:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-01-03 23:12:44 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 明るい　 │ 5,874,968 │ 98.8% │ │ 明い　　 │ 9,286 │ 0.2% │ - [io] to [sK] │ あかるい │ 60,774 │ 1.0% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2018-02-14 03:26:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adjusted examples.
3.	A* 2018-02-09 07:38:25 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog chujiten daijr
	Diff:	@@ -22,2 +22,9 @@ -<gloss>bright</gloss> -<gloss>colourful</gloss> +<gloss>light</gloss> +<gloss>well-lit</gloss> +<gloss>well-lighted</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-i;</pos> +<gloss>bright (of a colour)</gloss> +<gloss>brightly-coloured</gloss> +<gloss>brightly-colored</gloss> @@ -27,0 +35,9 @@ +<gloss>bright</gloss> +<gloss>spirited</gloss> +<gloss>sunny (e.g. disposition)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-i;</pos> +<gloss>encouraging (for the future of a project, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>promising</gloss> +<gloss>of fair prospects</gloss> @@ -33,0 +50 @@ +<gloss>well versed (in)</gloss> @@ -38,0 +56 @@ +<gloss>impartial</gloss>
2.	A 2013-08-17 19:57:25 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2013-08-17 15:19:12

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jmdict 1559040 Active (id: 1145164)
恋文 [spec2,news2,nf35]
【こいぶみ [spec2,news2,nf35] 】

1.

[n]
▶ love letter

History:

2.	A 2013-08-17 19:57:40 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-17 07:36:58 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_letter
	Comments:	Apparently can be written "love-letter", but it's usually "love letter".
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,1 @@ -<gloss>love-letter</gloss> +<gloss>love letter</gloss>

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jmdict 1574470 Active (id: 2167809)
饂飩 [rK]
【うどん [ichi1] ；うんどん [ok] 】

1.

[n] [uk] {food, cooking}
▶ udon
▶ [expl] thick Japanese wheat noodles

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2425550 釜揚げうどん【かまあげうどん】 1. straight-from-the-pot udon; udon noodles pulled straight from the pot and served in the hot water used for boiling (traditionally without being soaked in cold water), eaten by dipping in sauce
	⇐ see: 1039160 カレー饂飩【カレーうどん】 1. curry udon; udon with curry sauce

History:

11.	A 2021-12-05 21:03:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'll drop it for now but I want to bring it up as a policy matter in the issue forum.
	Diff:	@@ -15,4 +14,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ウドン</reb> -<re_nokanji/>
10.	A* 2021-12-05 13:48:15 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's a very small amount percentually, which I think is the only reasonable way to look at the ngrams, or all entries for common words could be filled with similarly rare forms that just end up being clutter and making the entries harder to parse. It also seems to me that if the text-parser (on WWWJDIC?) isn't picking up katakana versions of entries which only have hiragana in the reading field, then that's really an issue with the text-parser, which shouldn't even be that hard to fix. Browser extension Yomichan for example has no problems bringing up our 平仮名 entry for the input ヒラガナ, without it being explicitly included in that entry.
9.	A 2021-12-05 07:29:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not needed. Not in references. 70k hits is a lot. I want the text-glossing to keep working.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ウドン</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -21 +25 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">thick Japanese wheat noodles usu. swrved in a light broth</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">thick Japanese wheat noodles</gloss>
8.	A* 2021-12-04 23:08:09
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<field>&food;</field> @@ -20 +21 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">thick Japanese wheat noodles</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">thick Japanese wheat noodles usu. swrved in a light broth</gloss>
7.	A 2021-12-04 01:26:13 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A* 2021-12-02 11:56:43 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	饂飩 105885 うどん 12398502 うんどん 2875 ウドン 70243 less than 0.5% of hiragana version. I don't think it's needed
	Diff:	@@ -6 +6 @@ -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -15,4 +14,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ウドン</reb> -<re_nokanji/>
5.	A 2013-08-17 07:10:25 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -23,1 +23,2 @@ -<gloss>udon (thick Japanese wheat noodles)</gloss> +<gloss>udon</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">thick Japanese wheat noodles</gloss>
4.	A* 2013-08-16 23:08:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic/ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ウドン</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>
3.	A 2011-12-13 09:33:00 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	the reading alone should suffice
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@ +<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf> @@ -18,1 +19,0 @@ -<s_inf>from 饂飩（うん・どん）</s_inf>
2.	A* 2011-12-13 08:43:13 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Add うんどん reading – this is the older reading, and still found in some uses (e.g., a local udon/soba shop), with same kanji.
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>うんどん</reb> +</r_ele>
1.	A* 2011-12-13 08:40:04 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	大辞林、広辞苑
	Comments:	Brief etyl note.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +15,1 @@ +<s_inf>from 饂飩（うん・どん）</s_inf>

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jmdict 1577670 Rejected (id: 1987511)
眼鏡 [ichi1,news1,nf13]
【めがね [ichi1,news1,nf13] ；がんきょう；メガネ (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.	[n] ▶ glasses ▶ eyeglasses ▶ spectacles
2.	(めがね only) [n] ▶ judg(e)ment ▶ discrimination ▶ discernment ▶ insight

History:

10.	R 2018-09-23 05:23:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	To enable EJ searches we avoid that style of spelling.
9.	A* 2018-09-23 05:03:41
	Diff:	@@ -33,2 +33 @@ -<gloss>judgment</gloss> -<gloss>judgement</gloss> +<gloss>judg(e)ment</gloss>
8.	A 2018-08-26 23:27:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.dictionary.com/e/judgement-vs-judgment/
	Diff:	@@ -33,0 +34 @@ +<gloss>judgement</gloss>
7.	A* 2018-08-26 16:34:28
	Diff:	@@ -33 +33 @@ -<gloss>judgement</gloss> +<gloss>judgment</gloss>
6.	A 2018-05-22 14:40:19 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26,2 @@ +<gloss>glasses</gloss> +<gloss>eyeglasses</gloss> @@ -27 +28,0 @@ -<gloss>glasses</gloss>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A 2018-05-22 14:37:35 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 3949144
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
4.	A 2013-08-17 07:10:03 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-08-17 01:35:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reopening.
2.	A 2013-08-17 01:35:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	AFAICT the newspaper frequencies are for めがね; not がんきょう. I considered making it "uk". The ngram figures are: 眼鏡 2228370 めがね 1206845 メガネ 3949144 I suspect that using メガネ is a webbish thing, though. Also, I'm approving it now, then reopening. I'm using it as an example in a talk, and I'd like メガネ to be there.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,2 @@ +<re_pri>news1</re_pri> +<re_pri>nf13</re_pri> @@ -16,2 +18,0 @@ -<re_pri>news1</re_pri> -<re_pri>nf13</re_pri>
1.	A* 2013-08-17 01:25:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams (メガネ more common than 眼鏡 + めがね)
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>メガネ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>

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jmdict 1577670 Active (id: 2282906)
眼鏡 [ichi1,news1,nf13]
【めがね [gikun/ichi1,news1,nf13] ；がんきょう；メガネ (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.	[n] [uk] ▶ glasses ▶ eyeglasses ▶ spectacles
2.	(めがね,メガネ only) [n] [uk] ▶ judgment ▶ judgement ▶ discrimination ▶ discernment ▶ insight

History:

12.	A 2023-11-11 07:17:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11.	A* 2023-11-10 19:52:50 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo, daijr, iwakoku
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<re_inf>&gikun;</re_inf>
10.	A 2019-03-14 05:57:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2019-03-14 05:32:13 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	眼鏡 2228370 めがね 1206845 メガネ 3949144
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -31,0 +33 @@ +<stagr>メガネ</stagr> @@ -32,0 +35 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
8.	A 2018-08-26 23:27:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.dictionary.com/e/judgement-vs-judgment/
	Diff:	@@ -33,0 +34 @@ +<gloss>judgement</gloss>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A* 2018-08-26 16:34:28
	Diff:	@@ -33 +33 @@ -<gloss>judgement</gloss> +<gloss>judgment</gloss>
6.	A 2018-05-22 14:40:19 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26,2 @@ +<gloss>glasses</gloss> +<gloss>eyeglasses</gloss> @@ -27 +28,0 @@ -<gloss>glasses</gloss>
5.	A 2018-05-22 14:37:35 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 3949144
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
4.	A 2013-08-17 07:10:03 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-08-17 01:35:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Reopening.
2.	A 2013-08-17 01:35:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	AFAICT the newspaper frequencies are for めがね; not がんきょう. I considered making it "uk". The ngram figures are: 眼鏡 2228370 めがね 1206845 メガネ 3949144 I suspect that using メガネ is a webbish thing, though. Also, I'm approving it now, then reopening. I'm using it as an example in a talk, and I'd like メガネ to be there.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,2 @@ +<re_pri>news1</re_pri> +<re_pri>nf13</re_pri> @@ -16,2 +18,0 @@ -<re_pri>news1</re_pri> -<re_pri>nf13</re_pri>
1.	A* 2013-08-17 01:25:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams (メガネ more common than 眼鏡 + めがね)
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>メガネ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>

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jmdict 1626360 Active (id: 2206914)
ハト派；鳩派；はと派 [sK]
【はとは】

1.

[n]
▶ doves
▶ moderates
▶ soft-liners

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1684470 タカ派 1. hawks; hardline faction; hardliners

History:

8.	A 2022-08-28 05:31:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Testing sK, etc. updates -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
7.	A 2022-08-28 05:31:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Temporarily removing the sK so I can test the bulk updater.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2022-08-14 07:09:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>はと派</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5.	A 2022-07-23 23:02:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Probably not.
	Diff:	@@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
4.	A* 2022-07-23 14:51:48 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ハト派の 4696 ハト派の伝言 864 ハト派の代表 370 ハト派の論客 347 ハト派の代表的 280 ハト派の代表的な 227 ハト派の伝言宮沢 139 ハト派の伝言宮沢喜一 138 ハト派の重鎮 119 ハト派の論客として 99 ハト派の人 92
	Comments:	Is this and タカ派 really adj-no? I don't think they are.
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A 2022-07-23 14:11:37 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ハト派 22757 96.2% 鳩派 840 3.6% はと派 50 0.2%
	Comments:	hiddenform はと派.
	Diff:	@@ -10,7 +9,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>はと派</keb> -</k_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ハトは</reb> -<re_restr>ハト派</re_restr> -</r_ele> @@ -19,2 +11,0 @@ -<re_restr>鳩派</re_restr> -<re_restr>はと派</re_restr> @@ -25,3 +16,4 @@ -<gloss>dove</gloss> -<gloss>moderate</gloss> -<gloss>soft-liner</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1684470">タカ派</xref> +<gloss>doves</gloss> +<gloss>moderates</gloss> +<gloss>soft-liners</gloss>
2.	A 2013-08-17 07:08:22 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-16 23:03:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, ngrams.
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>はと派</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -17,0 +20,1 @@ +<re_restr>はと派</re_restr> @@ -20,1 +24,4 @@ -<gloss>doves</gloss> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1684470">タカ派・タカは</xref> +<gloss>dove</gloss> +<gloss>moderate</gloss>

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jmdict 1638880 Active (id: 1976039)
登場人物 [spec1]
【とうじょうじんぶつ [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ character (in a play or novel)
▶ dramatis personae

History:

3.	A 2018-04-05 10:37:26 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams 2925545
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -8,0 +10 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2.	A 2013-08-17 23:38:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-17 23:15:47 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Not necessarily plural.
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>the characters (in a play or novel)</gloss> +<gloss>character (in a play or novel)</gloss> +<gloss>dramatis personae</gloss>

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jmdict 1684470 Active (id: 2204118)
タカ派；鷹派；たか派 [sK]
【たかは】

1.

[n]
▶ hawks
▶ hardline faction
▶ hardliners

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1626360 ハト派 1. doves; moderates; soft-liners

History:

8.	A 2022-08-15 10:50:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -22 +22 @@ -<gloss>hardliner</gloss> +<gloss>hardliners</gloss>
7.	A 2022-08-14 07:07:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding sK/sk forms.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>たか派</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2022-07-23 23:39:55 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5: 彼はタカ派の論客として知られる.　He is well known as an outspoken hawk. タカ派 77174 タカ派の政治家 497 タカ派の国会議員 199 タカ派の論客 193
	Comments:	I added adj-no because of GG5's example but judging from the n-grams, it's not commonly used this way.
	Diff:	@@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
5.	A 2022-07-23 14:12:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
4.	A 2022-07-23 14:09:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	タカ派 77174 95.4% 鷹派 3647 4.5% たか派 102 0.1%
	Comments:	hiddenform たか派.
	Diff:	@@ -10,7 +9,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>たか派</keb> -</k_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>タカは</reb> -<re_restr>タカ派</re_restr> -</r_ele> @@ -19,2 +11,0 @@ -<re_restr>鷹派</re_restr> -<re_restr>たか派</re_restr> @@ -24 +15 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1626360">鳩派</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1626360">ハト派</xref>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A 2022-07-22 13:44:02 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -24 +23,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
2.	A 2013-08-17 07:08:13 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-16 23:05:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>たか派</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -17,0 +20,1 @@ +<re_restr>たか派</re_restr> @@ -20,0 +24,1 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -24,0 +29,1 @@ +<gloss>hardliner</gloss>

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jmdict 1684470 Rejected (id: 2286591)
タカ派；鷹派；たか派 [sK]
【タカは (タカ派)；たかは (鷹派) 】

1.

[n]
▶ hawks
▶ hardline faction
▶ hardliners

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1626360 ハト派 1. doves; moderates; soft-liners

History:

10.	R 2023-12-27 17:46:58 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	We don't do reading restrictions like this anymore.
9.	A* 2023-12-27 08:16:14
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15,4 @@ +<reb>タカは</reb> +<re_restr>タカ派</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -15,0 +20 @@ +<re_restr>鷹派</re_restr>
8.	A 2022-08-15 10:50:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -22 +22 @@ -<gloss>hardliner</gloss> +<gloss>hardliners</gloss>
7.	A 2022-08-14 07:07:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding sK/sk forms.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>たか派</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2022-07-23 23:39:55 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5: 彼はタカ派の論客として知られる.　He is well known as an outspoken hawk. タカ派 77174 タカ派の政治家 497 タカ派の国会議員 199 タカ派の論客 193
	Comments:	I added adj-no because of GG5's example but judging from the n-grams, it's not commonly used this way.
	Diff:	@@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A 2022-07-23 14:12:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
4.	A 2022-07-23 14:09:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	タカ派 77174 95.4% 鷹派 3647 4.5% たか派 102 0.1%
	Comments:	hiddenform たか派.
	Diff:	@@ -10,7 +9,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>たか派</keb> -</k_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>タカは</reb> -<re_restr>タカ派</re_restr> -</r_ele> @@ -19,2 +11,0 @@ -<re_restr>鷹派</re_restr> -<re_restr>たか派</re_restr> @@ -24 +15 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1626360">鳩派</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1626360">ハト派</xref>
3.	A 2022-07-22 13:44:02 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -24 +23,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
2.	A 2013-08-17 07:08:13 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-16 23:05:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>たか派</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -17,0 +20,1 @@ +<re_restr>たか派</re_restr> @@ -20,0 +24,1 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -24,0 +29,1 @@ +<gloss>hardliner</gloss>

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jmdict 1733030 Active (id: 1145155)
斑猫；斑蝥
【はんみょう；ハンミョウ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ tiger beetle (esp. the Japanese tiger beetle, Cicindela japonica)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2165990 道教え【みちおしえ】 1. tiger beetle (esp. the Japanese tiger beetle, Cicindela japonica)
	⇐ see: 2730880 道しるべ【みちしるべ】 3. tiger beetle (esp. the Japanese tiger beetle, Cicindela japonica)

2.

[n] [col]
▶ blister beetle
▶ oil beetle

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2165930 土斑猫 1. blister beetle; oil beetle (insects family Meloidae)

History:

4.	A 2013-08-17 07:08:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-08-16 22:52:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic/ngrams.
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ハンミョウ</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
2.	A 2012-09-13 15:40:36 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -16,5 +16,1 @@ -<gloss>tiger beetle (Cicindelidae spp.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>Japanese tiger beetle (Cicindela japonica)</gloss> +<gloss>tiger beetle (esp. the Japanese tiger beetle, Cicindela japonica)</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-09-13 08:51:54 Marcus
	Refs:	daij
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>斑蝥</keb> @@ -13,1 +16,1 @@ -<gloss>tiger beetle (insect, Cicindelidae family)</gloss> +<gloss>tiger beetle (Cicindelidae spp.)</gloss>

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jmdict 1783850 Active (id: 1145152)
はと麦；鳩麦
【はとむぎ；ハトムギ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen)
▶ Job's tears
▶ coixseed
▶ tear grass
▶ adlai

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1709310 数珠玉 1. Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi); coixseed; tear grass; adlay
	⇐ see: 2858173 薏苡仁【よくいにん】 1. coix seed (used in traditional Chinese medicine)

History:

4.	A 2013-08-17 07:07:40 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-08-16 22:58:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic/ngrams.
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>はと麦</keb> +</k_ele>
2.	A 2011-04-26 22:59:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 新和英中辞典, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ハトムギ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -13,0 +17,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
1.	A* 2011-04-26 15:54:10 Scott
	Refs:	wiki
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,6 @@ -<gloss>adlay</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1709310">数珠玉</xref> +<gloss>adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen)</gloss> +<gloss>Job's tears</gloss> +<gloss>coixseed</gloss> +<gloss>tear grass</gloss> +<gloss>adlai</gloss>

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jmdict 1794490 Active (id: 2283879)
洋梨；洋ナシ；洋なし
【ようなし；ヨウナシ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ European pear (Pyrus communis)
▶ common pear

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2849141 ペア 1. European pear
	⇐ see: 2262970 西洋梨【せいようなし】 1. European pear (Pyrus communis); common pear

History:

8.	A 2023-11-19 16:58:09 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2023-11-19 14:59:25 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrus_communis https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/14227/pyrus-communis-(f)/details
	Comments:	Simplifying readings.
	Diff:	@@ -15,6 +14,0 @@ -<re_restr>洋梨</re_restr> -<re_restr>洋なし</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ようナシ</reb> -<re_restr>洋ナシ</re_restr> @@ -28,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>common pear</gloss>
6.	A 2016-11-21 23:05:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2016-11-21 12:40:47 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 洋梨 165360 洋ナシ 109422 ようなし 53867 洋なし 48298 ヨウナシ 2633 ようナシ 310
	Diff:	@@ -28 +27,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc>
4.	A 2013-08-17 07:11:07 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2013-08-15 12:02:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic/ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +<keb>洋ナシ</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -12,0 +15,6 @@ +<re_restr>洋梨</re_restr> +<re_restr>洋なし</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ようナシ</reb> +<re_restr>洋ナシ</re_restr>
2.	A 2012-08-31 06:49:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ヨウナシ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -15,0 +19,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
1.	A* 2012-08-31 05:45:28 Marcus
	Refs:	wiki, 374k
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>洋なし</keb>

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jmdict 2029430 Active (id: 1145165)
靴箱；くつ箱；靴ばこ
【くつばこ】

1.

[n]
▶ shoe box
▶ shoe shelf

History:

3.	A 2013-08-17 19:57:57 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-08-17 07:37:56 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	n-grams
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,6 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>くつ箱</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>靴ばこ</keb>
1.	A 2005-03-05 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2083610 Active (id: 2173056)

べた；ベタ

1.

[adj-na,n]
《usu. as べたに》
▶ covering
▶ filled in
▶ gapless
▶ all over

2.

[n-pref]
《before a noun》
▶ complete
▶ total

3.

[adj-na] [col]
▶ cliched
▶ clichéd
▶ hackneyed
▶ corny
▶ predictable

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1011440 ベタベタ 5. cliched; hackneyed

4.

[adj-no] {computing}
▶ plaintext

5.

[n] [abbr] {printing}
▶ solid printing
▶ solid typesetting

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2534890 べた組み 1. solid printing; solid typesetting

6.

[n] [abbr] {photography}
▶ contact print

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2534900 べた焼き 1. contact print

History:

6.	A 2022-01-09 18:35:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -41,0 +42 @@ +<field>&print;</field> @@ -48,0 +50 @@ +<field>&photo;</field>
5.	A 2013-08-18 00:17:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm happy with "col".
	Diff:	@@ -27,1 +27,1 @@ -<misc>&sl;</misc> +<misc>&col;</misc>
4.	A* 2013-08-17 23:06:39 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	<quote> ベタなテレビドラマ = Beta na terebi dorama = TV shows full of predictable behavior or lines. ... adjective : ベタな/べたな= betana Note : You can write them either in katakana or hiragana It means cliché, stereotypical, too typical, corny, old hat <unquote> http://maggiesensei.com/2011/07/22/べた-ベタ-beta-colloquial/
	Comments:	It's marked as "slang" but I wonder if it's more of a colloquial term.
	Diff:	@@ -29,0 +29,1 @@ +<gloss>clichéd</gloss> @@ -30,0 +31,2 @@ +<gloss>corny</gloss> +<gloss>predictable</gloss>
3.	A 2013-07-15 23:02:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-07-15 19:54:45 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, gg5, meikyo, shinmeikai
	Comments:	very commonly written as ベタ, which perhaps means that it should be merged with 1119610 though they obviously have different etymologies
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ベタ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -9,3 +12,6 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2534890">べた組み</xref> -<gloss>things without gaps or spaces between them</gloss> -<gloss>something painted or printed solid</gloss> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<s_inf>usu. as べたに</s_inf> +<gloss>covering</gloss> +<gloss>filled in</gloss> +<gloss>gapless</gloss> +<gloss>all over</gloss> @@ -14,3 +20,4 @@ -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> -<field>&comp;</field> -<gloss>plain (e.g. plain text)</gloss> +<pos>&n-pref;</pos> +<s_inf>before a noun</s_inf> +<gloss>complete</gloss> +<gloss>total</gloss> @@ -24,0 +31,18 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<field>&comp;</field> +<gloss>plaintext</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2534890">べた組み</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>solid printing</gloss> +<gloss>solid typesetting</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2534900">べた焼き・1</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>contact print</gloss> +</sense>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2006-06-04 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2215320 Active (id: 1145151)
ない内に；無い内に
【ないうちに】

1.

[exp] [uk]
《after neg. stem of verb》
▶ before it becomes (verb)
▶ before (an undesirable thing occurs)

History:

5.	A 2013-08-17 07:06:49 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -16,1 +16,2 @@ -<gloss>(after neg. stem of verb) before it becomes (verb)</gloss> +<s_inf>after neg. stem of verb</s_inf> +<gloss>before it becomes (verb)</gloss>
4.	A* 2013-08-16 23:55:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams
	Comments:	10:1 in kana.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +15,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
3.	A 2011-07-09 07:36:42 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	as far as i'm concerned, it's covered by "while" (sense 2 of うち).
2.	A* 2011-07-06 18:51:56 Winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It seems like it would be more helpful if this were listed under "内に" (or at least cross-referenced from "内"), with the explanation that it comes after the negative form of the verb. The "ない" in "ない内に" is part of the negative form of the verb, so I -- reasonably, I think -- looked up "内に" and didn't find what I was looking for. I didn't think to break off the word at the stem and look for "ない内に". Just a suggestion, but I think one that improves usability.
1.	A 2007-10-06 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2685630 Active (id: 1933651)
キャラ弁
【キャラべん】

1.

[n]
▶ homemade bento containing food decorated to look like cute characters (from anime, etc.)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1923480 キャラ 1. (fictional) character
	⇒ see: 1512710 弁【べん】 3. bento; Japanese box lunch

History:

12.	A 2016-08-11 11:47:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Talking it over with the editors, it's agreed that this is not common enough to bother with.
	Diff:	@@ -10,4 +9,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>キャラベン</reb> -<re_nokanji/> -</r_ele>
11.	A 2016-07-27 05:01:16 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Pretty low ngram count, but it used on the web
10.	A* 2016-07-27 00:20:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: キャラベン 50 キャラ弁 319789
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>キャラベン</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -12,0 +17 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1512710">弁・べん・3</xref>
9.	A 2013-08-19 23:18:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	an amendment to the appropriate 弁[べん] has been suggested
8.	A* 2013-08-18 07:35:52 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	ok By the way, re: "Kodansha says 弁: 弁当の略." ... it was actually Kojien, not Kodansha:
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A* 2013-08-18 02:49:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Switching the キャラ xref (thanks). I have proposed an entry for 弁 as an abbreviation of 弁当, but there are some issues to be resolved there as there are already 3 other 弁/べん entries. I suggest holding this one until that entry is sorted out.
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,1 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1041920">キャラクター</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1923480">キャラ</xref>
6.	A* 2013-08-18 01:41:49 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	There's also 腰弁. Kodansha says 弁: 弁当の略.
5.	A* 2013-08-18 01:38:52 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Hmm. Yes, it's pretty obvious. But キャラ is already in EDICT. I was thinking more of 弁 -- its definition doesn't seem to include "abbr. for 弁当". Maybe it would be a good idea to add that? There are various other **弁 words as well (such as 駅弁) which might benefit from having that sense added to the 弁 entry.
4.	A 2013-08-17 23:40:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Maybe an xref will do. Its derivation is a bit obvious.
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1041920">キャラクター</xref>
3.	A* 2013-08-17 23:06:58 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Would it be a good idea to mention that it's a contraction of キャラクター and 弁当?
2.	A 2012-02-22 17:47:39 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8,1 +8,1 @@ -<reb>きゃらべん</reb> +<reb>キャラべん</reb> @@ -12,1 +12,1 @@ -<gloss>home-made bento decorated with edible cute character (mostly anime character)</gloss> +<gloss>homemade bento containing food decorated to look like cute characters (from anime, etc.)</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-02-22 16:27:22 huixing
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/キャラ弁

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26.	A 2022-12-19 02:02:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. Done.
	Diff:	@@ -29,4 +28,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>うっさい</reb> -<re_nokanji/> -</r_ele>
25.	A* 2022-12-19 01:25:26 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think so. I'm seeing examples for each of them.
24.	A* 2022-12-17 19:54:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree about うっさい. Should it have all senses?
23.	A* 2022-12-16 20:56:41 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	煩い 121168 4.5% 五月蝿い 112593 4.2% 五月蠅い 26896 1.0% うるさい 2235184 83.8% ウルサイ 133668 5.0% うっさい 37562 1.4%
	Comments:	I think うっさい should be a separate [col]-tagged entry. I don't think the int glosses need exclamation marks.
	Diff:	@@ -27 +27 @@ -<re_nokanji/> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -62,2 +62,2 @@ -<gloss>shut up!</gloss> -<gloss>be quiet!</gloss> +<gloss>shut up</gloss> +<gloss>be quiet</gloss>
22.	A 2022-12-16 20:26:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 21 older log entries)
21.	A* 2022-12-15 22:32:23 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	煩さい 119 0.0%
	Comments:	rare and irregular
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19 @@ -<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf> -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
20.	A 2021-11-06 07:34:23 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	煩い 121168 五月蝿い 112593 五月蠅い 26896 煩さい 119 うるさい 2235184
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
19.	A 2019-07-16 01:36:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I guess so.
18.	A* 2019-07-12 15:06:58 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	うっさい 37562 ok to include here?
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26,4 @@ +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>うっさい</reb>
17.	A 2015-04-11 23:28:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
16.	A* 2015-04-11 12:34:33
	Diff:	@@ -55,0 +56 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
15.	A 2013-08-18 00:16:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree. Also, its frequency seems to come from the fact that it's a band name. Best omitted, I think.
	Diff:	@@ -23,4 +23,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>うるせー</reb> -<re_nokanji/> @@ -60,1 +56,2 @@ -<gloss>Shut up!</gloss> +<gloss>shut up!</gloss> +<gloss>be quiet!</gloss>
14.	A* 2013-08-17 07:12:02 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	can it really qualify as adj-i if it doesn't end with い?
13.	A* 2013-08-16 22:52:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	うるせー is used too.
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +23,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>うるせー</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
12.	A* 2013-08-16 22:50:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic/ngrams
	Comments:	うるさい is by far the most common, but ウルサイ is a bit more common than the kanji forms.
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +23,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ウルサイ</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
11.	A 2013-02-06 00:10:05 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -51,1 +51,1 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos> +<pos>∫</pos>
10.	A* 2013-02-05 18:57:31 winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	After creating that last entry, I noticed in the comment log for the word that a meaning of "be quiet" (similar to "shut up") had been vetoed once before. I do think it would be useful to have it, though... I ran across the word in a conversation in a book, and I came here to find a meaning that seemed appropriate, but none of the more literal meanings in the other senses really captured this more colloquial and figurative use.
9.	A* 2013-02-05 18:54:33 winnie <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://www.berlitz.co.jp/wm/07/0419.htm http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20121126232002AAogyeK http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090923230731AAv5VT6 http://www.meetup.com/japanese-7/messages/boards/thread/6005630?thread=6005630
	Diff:	@@ -50,0 +50,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<gloss>Shut up!</gloss> +</sense>
8.	A 2012-01-15 01:15:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2012-01-14 22:50:46 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, gg5, prog
	Comments:	'persistent' could arguably be its own sense, but i think 'bossy' belongs with 'fussy'. swapping senses to match other dictionaries, and adding glosses to cover what i guess was the intended amendment above
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>煩さい</keb> +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -28,4 +32,1 @@ -<gloss>fussy</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&adj-i;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -35,0 +36,1 @@ +<gloss>persistent</gloss> @@ -39,0 +41,7 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>fussy</gloss> +<gloss>finicky</gloss> +<gloss>picky</gloss> +<gloss>particular</gloss> +<gloss>nagging</gloss> +<gloss>fastidious</gloss>
6.	A* 2012-01-14 19:19:22
	Refs:	ぼくはコーヒーのブレンドにはなかなかうるさいほうでね。 I'm quite a stickler when it comes to my blend of coffee.
5.	A 2011-09-13 23:56:31 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	i think there are some instances where we've done a split like that, but i agree that it's unnecessary
4.	A* 2011-09-13 22:50:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this is just a way of using sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -41,4 +41,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>∫</pos> -<gloss>be quiet! (command, esp. when someone is being obnoxious or impudent)</gloss> -</sense>
3.	A* 2011-09-13 15:05:20 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Add “be quiet!” sense – v. commonly used in conversation. (Well, admittedly, I get told this a lot.)
	Diff:	@@ -41,0 +41,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>∫</pos> +<gloss>be quiet! (command, esp. when someone is being obnoxious or impudent)</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A 2011-05-02 10:17:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-05-02 09:02:49 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Syn: 騒がしい
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +22,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1403000">騒がしい</xref>

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JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

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