JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1266610 Active (id: 2160939)
固辞 [news2,nf36]
【こじ [news2,nf36] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ firm refusal

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-11-18 00:49:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2013-08-15 11:03:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 10:36:11 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -17,1 +17,1 @@ -<gloss>decline positively</gloss> +<gloss>firm refusal</gloss>

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jmdict 1296380 Active (id: 1145114)
有り付く；あり付く；有りつく；在り付く；在りつく
【ありつく】

1.

[v5k,vi] [uk]
▶ to get
▶ to obtain
▶ to come by
▶ to find

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2013-08-16 01:34:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +24,1 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 13:12:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, 新和英中辞典, Unidic/ngrams.
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +4,9 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>有り付く</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>あり付く</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>有りつく</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -9,6 +18,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>有り付く</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>有りつく</keb>

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jmdict 1309260 Active (id: 2279705)
思い出す [ichi1,news1,nf15] ；思いだす [sK] ；おもい出す [sK] ；思出す [sK]
【おもいだす [ichi1,news1,nf15] 】

1.

[v5s,vt]
▶ to recall
▶ to remember
▶ to recollect

Conjugations

History:

8.	A 2023-10-09 08:02:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2023-10-09 05:41:24 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 思い出す　 │ 2,782,833 │ 97.3% │ │ 思いだす　 │ 58,705 │ 2.1% │ - sK │ おもい出す │ 389 │ 0.0% │ - sK │ 思出す　　 │ 961 │ 0.0% │ - [io] to [sK] │ おもいだす │ 17,433 │ 0.6% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,0 +16 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -18 +20 @@ -<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2013-08-15 11:00:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
5.	A* 2013-08-15 07:20:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	should probably go before the [io] form
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,3 @@ +<keb>おもい出す</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -16,3 +19,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>おもい出す</keb>
4.	A* 2013-08-15 01:19:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, ngrams.
	Comments:	Yet-another form being used.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +17,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>おもい出す</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -28,0 +31,1 @@ +<gloss>to recollect</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A 2010-07-30 05:46:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2010-07-29 17:17:08 Scott
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>思出す</keb> +<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf>
1.	A 2010-07-12 06:35:57 Scott
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>思いだす</keb>

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jmdict 1421450 Active (id: 2149583)
地方 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
【ちほう [ichi1,news1,nf01] 】

1.

[n]
▶ district
▶ region
▶ area
▶ locality

2.

[n]
▶ the country
▶ countryside
▶ the provinces
▶ rural area

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1423430 中央 2. capital; seat of government

3.

[n] [obs]
《Imperial Japanese Army jargon》
▶ civilian society

History:

10.	A 2021-10-06 11:29:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -34 +34 @@ -<s_inf>Imperial Army jargon</s_inf> +<s_inf>Imperial Japanese Army jargon</s_inf>
9.	A 2021-09-30 02:45:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"obs" is probably better.
	Diff:	@@ -33 +33 @@ -<misc>&hist;</misc> +<misc>&obs;</misc>
8.	A* 2021-09-30 00:10:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	But wait - isn't hist for words that are still used to describe historic things today? I don't think this word is. I think it should be obs or dated
7.	A 2021-09-29 21:39:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think so.
6.	A* 2021-09-29 16:50:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Can we use hist for sense 3?
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25 @@ -<xref type="ant" seq="1423430">中央・ちゅうおう・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1423430">中央・2</xref> @@ -32,0 +33 @@ +<misc>&hist;</misc>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A 2019-07-19 06:58:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2019-07-18 17:26:54 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs
	Comments:	not arch
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -26 +24,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -32,0 +31,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<s_inf>Imperial Army jargon</s_inf> +<gloss>civilian society</gloss> +</sense>
3.	A 2013-08-15 11:01:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-08-15 08:06:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	splitting. these readings don't actually have anything in common except 'countryside' which is [arch]ish for じかた.
	Diff:	@@ -16,3 +16,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>じかた</reb> -</r_ele> @@ -22,0 +19,2 @@ +<gloss>district</gloss> +<gloss>region</gloss> @@ -24,3 +23,0 @@ -<gloss>district</gloss> -<gloss>region</gloss> -<gloss>province</gloss> @@ -31,0 +27,2 @@ +<xref type="ant" seq="1423430">中央・ちゅうおう・2</xref> +<gloss>the country</gloss> @@ -32,0 +30,1 @@ +<gloss>the provinces</gloss> @@ -34,12 +33,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>coast (esp. as seen from the water)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagr>じかた</stagr> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>person singing ballads in noh</gloss> -<gloss>person in charge of music in a Japanese dance performance</gloss> -</sense>
1.	A 2011-07-31 01:45:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -43,1 +43,1 @@ -<gloss>person singing ballads in Noh</gloss> +<gloss>person singing ballads in noh</gloss>

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jmdict 1422630 Rejected (id: 1145085)
茶化す [ateji]
【ちゃかす】

1.

[v5s,vt]
▶ to poke fun at
▶ to make fun of
▶ to send up

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2657790 おちゃらかす 1. to tease; to make fun of
	⇐ see: 1422570 茶【ちゃ】 5. mockery

Conjugations

History:

3.	R 2013-08-15 10:57:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Paul got there first.
2.	A* 2013-08-15 08:22:37 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, meikyo
	Comments:	we generally don't include lit for compounds such as this. in this case, especially since it is merely ateji used for their readings only
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,1 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -12,0 +13,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -16,3 +18,0 @@ -<sense> -<gloss g_type="lit">turn into tea</gloss> -</sense>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 08:08:01 James Rose <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2012/08/27/language/the-bittersweet-taste- of-japanese-words/#.UgxS5-BrevI
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,3 @@ +<sense> +<gloss g_type="lit">turn into tea</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1422630 Active (id: 2182564)
茶化す [ateji]
【ちゃかす】

1.

[v5s,vt]
▶ to poke fun at
▶ to make fun of
▶ to send up

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2657790 おちゃらかす 1. to tease; to make fun of
	⇐ see: 1422570 茶【ちゃ】 5. mockery

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2022-04-01 22:21:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think that addition helped and the new gloss doesn't seem to fit. PLEASE don't suggest these sorts of edits without any references or case.
	Diff:	@@ -14,2 +14 @@ -<gloss>to poke fun at (when another is trying to be serious)</gloss> -<gloss>to turn into a joke</gloss> +<gloss>to poke fun at</gloss>
5.	A* 2022-04-01 13:46:47
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>to turn into a joke</gloss>
4.	A* 2022-04-01 13:42:54
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>to poke fun at</gloss> +<gloss>to poke fun at (when another is trying to be serious)</gloss>
3.	A 2013-08-15 10:58:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, Daijirin only has a kana headwords, and adds: "〔「茶化す」とも当てる〕". The JEs mainly have examples in kana, but in the ngrams it's mostly the kanji form.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A* 2013-08-15 08:18:56 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs "「茶化す」は当て字" http://www.practical-japanese.com/2010/10/blog-post_1563.html
	Comments:	This isn't an idiom, just a word, so we don't need a [lit] gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,1 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -16,3 +17,0 @@ -<sense> -<gloss g_type="lit">turn into tea</gloss> -</sense>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2013-08-15 08:08:01 James Rose <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2012/08/27/language/the-bittersweet-taste- of-japanese-words/#.UgxS5-BrevI
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,3 @@ +<sense> +<gloss g_type="lit">turn into tea</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1423430 Active (id: 2148091)
中央 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
【ちゅうおう [ichi1,news1,nf01] 】

1.

[n,adj-no]
▶ centre
▶ center
▶ middle
▶ heart

2.

[n]
▶ capital
▶ seat of government

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1421450 地方 2. the country; countryside; the provinces; rural area

History:

7.	A 2021-09-29 15:01:41 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think I was staring a little too long at those particular parts I copied from daij, yes, you're right.
6.	A* 2021-09-29 14:44:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: 中央官庁の置かれている土地。首都。「行政機関が―に集中する」
	Comments:	All the kokugos include "首都" in their definitions. "Capital" is probably the most natural translation.
	Diff:	@@ -26 +26,2 @@ -<xref type="ant" seq="1421450">地方・ちほう・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1421450">地方・2</xref> +<gloss>capital</gloss>
5.	A* 2021-09-29 10:42:06 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij don't think so. but they also don't call it "central government" daijs 中央官庁の置かれている土地。 daijr 政府のある土地。
	Diff:	@@ -27,3 +27 @@ -<gloss>metropolis</gloss> -<gloss>capital city</gloss> -<gloss>central government</gloss> +<gloss>seat of government</gloss>
4.	A 2021-09-29 08:38:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dunno. Is it really an abbreviation?
3.	A* 2021-09-29 08:23:37 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't believe 中央の can mean "metropolitan" (but I think it can mean "central" so not removing it from sense 1) Should sense 2 be tagged as [abbr]?
	Diff:	@@ -26 +25,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2013-08-15 10:34:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 08:05:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, gg5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -20,1 +20,0 @@ -<gloss>central</gloss> @@ -23,0 +22,9 @@ +<gloss>heart</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<xref type="ant" seq="1421450">地方・ちほう・2</xref> +<gloss>metropolis</gloss> +<gloss>capital city</gloss> +<gloss>central government</gloss>

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jmdict 1511570 Active (id: 2191502)
変てこりん [ateji] ；変梃りん [ateji,rK]
【へんてこりん；ヘンテコリン (nokanji) 】

1.

[adj-na,n] [uk]
▶ strange
▶ odd
▶ queer
▶ peculiar
▶ weird

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1511560 【へんてこ】 1. strange; weird; odd
	⇐ see: 2239150 変ちくりん【へんちくりん】 1. strange; odd; queer; peculiar; weird

History:

7.	A 2022-06-18 23:11:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning.
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26,3 @@ +<gloss>odd</gloss> +<gloss>queer</gloss> +<gloss>peculiar</gloss>
6.	A 2022-06-14 03:04:26 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1511560">変梃・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1511560">へんてこ・1</xref>
5.	A 2022-06-14 03:03:51 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	変てこりん 3188 4.7% 変梃りん 270 0.4% へんてこりん 42397 62.6% ヘンテコリン 21899 32.3%
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2013-08-16 01:35:31 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-08-15 13:27:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic/ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +4,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>変てこりん</keb> +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -8,4 +12,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>変てこりん</keb> -<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> -</k_ele> @@ -14,0 +14,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ヘンテコリン</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2012-02-13 23:50:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-02-13 18:37:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,1 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -9,0 +10,1 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -15,0 +17,1 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -17,0 +20,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>

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jmdict 1532170 Active (id: 2199500)
命令一下
【めいれいいっか】

1.

[n]
▶ handed-down order
▶ issued instruction
▶ word of command

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2796650 一下 1. something handed down (usu. an order)
	⇐ see: 2796660 号令一下【ごうれいいっか】 1. handed-down order; issued instruction; word of command

History:

5.	A 2022-08-01 02:15:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Remove unsupported yoji tag -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<misc>&yoji;</misc>
4.	A 2014-08-25 02:55:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Kanji Haitani list
	Comments:	Adding yoji tagAdding yoji tag -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&yoji;</misc>
3.	A 2013-08-15 07:19:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-08-14 23:08:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5 (一下 entry)
	Comments:	Thanks. Original got the wrong end of the stick.
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,4 @@ -<gloss>immediately</gloss> -<gloss>as soon as the order is given</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="2796650">一下</xref> +<gloss>handed-down order</gloss> +<gloss>issued instruction</gloss> +<gloss>word of command</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-08-14 22:03:33
	Comments:	Hi, labelled as a noun, but the definitions are adverbs.

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jmdict 1533000 Active (id: 2001010)
目茶苦茶 [ateji/ichi1] ；滅茶苦茶 [ateji]
【めちゃくちゃ [ichi1] ；メチャクチャ (nokanji)；めっちゃくちゃ (nokanji) 】

1.

[adj-na,n] [uk]
▶ absurd
▶ unreasonable
▶ nonsensical
▶ preposterous
▶ incoherent

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1471400 破茶滅茶【はちゃめちゃ】 1. absurd; unreasonable; nonsensical; preposterous; incoherent

2.

[adj-na,n] [uk]
▶ extreme
▶ senseless
▶ reckless
▶ wanton

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1471400 破茶滅茶【はちゃめちゃ】 2. extreme; senseless; reckless; wanton

3.

[adj-na,n] [uk]
▶ disorderly
▶ chaotic
▶ confused
▶ messy

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1471400 破茶滅茶【はちゃめちゃ】 3. disorderly; chaotic; confused; messy

4.

[adv] [uk]
▶ incredibly
▶ really
▶ so
▶ super

History:

14.	A 2019-03-16 12:17:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Unnecessary.
	Diff:	@@ -47 +46,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1548930">乱す</xref>
13.	A 2019-03-15 15:09:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	All the kokugos have 滅茶 for めちゃ. And Daijs has 滅茶苦茶 for めちゃくちゃ. This looks OK to me.
12.	A* 2019-03-15 09:05:00 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Can 滅茶 really be read as めちゃ (instead of めっちゃ）? if not ai think it めっちゃ- should be a separate entry.
11.	A* 2019-03-15 07:02:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	めっちゃくちゃ 90404 目っ茶苦茶 23 目茶苦茶 39818 めちゃくちゃ 2486749
	Comments:	How's this for a way out, given the rarity of 目っ茶苦茶?
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,4 @@ +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>めっちゃくちゃ</reb>
10.	A* 2019-03-15 02:11:18 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Commonly めっちゃくちゃ 90404 as well... (cf めちゃくちゃ 2486749) But I guess it shouldn't be included here, because we keep めちゃ and めっちゃ apart (and they have different ateji too, 滅茶 for めっちゃ)
(show/hide 9 older log entries)
9.	A* 2019-03-15 01:00:36 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: "近年、「―楽しい」「―怒られる」のように、副詞的に用いて、程度のはなはだしいさまの意を表す例が増えている。"
	Comments:	Added sense for colloquial usage.
	Diff:	@@ -45,4 +45,12 @@ -<gloss>disorder</gloss> -<gloss>confusion</gloss> -<gloss>mess</gloss> -<gloss>wreck</gloss> +<gloss>disorderly</gloss> +<gloss>chaotic</gloss> +<gloss>confused</gloss> +<gloss>messy</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>incredibly</gloss> +<gloss>really</gloss> +<gloss>so</gloss> +<gloss>super</gloss>
8.	A 2017-12-20 09:13:04 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	surely all three senses are uk
	Diff:	@@ -33,0 +34 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -42,0 +44 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
7.	A 2014-12-14 11:14:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2014-12-10 21:16:59 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj
	Comments:	not yoji
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -9,0 +11 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -23 +24,0 @@ -<misc>&yoji;</misc>
5.	A 2014-08-25 02:56:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Kanji Haitani list
	Comments:	Adding yoji tagAdding yoji tag -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<misc>&yoji;</misc>
4.	A 2013-08-15 18:16:34 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-08-15 13:21:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic/ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>メチャクチャ</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
2.	A 2011-05-11 03:05:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-05-11 02:32:49 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Link to verb 乱す
	Diff:	@@ -36,0 +36,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1548930">乱す</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1548930">乱す</xref>

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jmdict 1536910 Active (id: 1145117)
夜鷹；蚊母鳥；怪鴟
【よたか；ぶんぼちょう (蚊母鳥)；ヨタカ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ grey nightjar (Caprimulgus indicus)

2.

[n] [uk]
▶ nightjar (any bird of family Caprimulgidae)
▶ goatsucker

3.

(夜鷹 only) [n]
▶ streetwalker
▶ low class prostitute (Edo period)

4.

(夜鷹 only) [n] [abbr]
▶ soba vendors who walk around at night
▶ soba sold by these vendors

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1739820 夜鷹蕎麦 1. ambulatory evening vendor of noodles (or the noodles themselves)

History:

4.	A 2013-08-16 01:38:45 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-08-15 13:20:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic/ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ヨタカ</reb> +<re_nokanji/>
2.	A 2010-11-08 06:54:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-11-06 21:56:18 Scott
	Refs:	koj daij
	Diff:	@@ -35,0 +35,1 @@ +<gloss>low class prostitute (Edo period)</gloss>

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jmdict 1545490 Active (id: 2279110)
揚げ [news1,nf19]
【あげ [news1,nf19] 】

1.

[n]
《used in compounds》
▶ deep-frying
▶ deep-fried food

2.

[n] [abbr]
▶ abura-age
▶ [expl] thin deep-fried slices of tofu

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1538730 油揚げ 1. abura-age; thin deep-fried slices of tofu
	⇐ see: 2835175 お揚げ【おあげ】 1. abura-age; thin deep-fried slices of tofu

History:

7.	A 2023-10-03 01:36:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2023-10-03 01:28:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr
	Comments:	Aligning.
	Diff:	@@ -16,4 +16,3 @@ -<pos>&n-suf;</pos> -<pos>&n-pref;</pos> -<gloss>frying</gloss> -<gloss>fried food</gloss> +<s_inf>used in compounds</s_inf> +<gloss>deep-frying</gloss> +<gloss>deep-fried food</gloss> @@ -23 +22 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1538730">油揚げ・あぶらあげ・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1538730">油揚げ・1</xref> @@ -25,2 +24,2 @@ -<gloss>aburaage</gloss> -<gloss>thin deep-fried slices of tofu</gloss> +<gloss>abura-age</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">thin deep-fried slices of tofu</gloss>
5.	A 2018-03-30 05:53:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2018-03-30 04:27:04 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -25,2 +25,2 @@ -<gloss>fried tofu</gloss> -<gloss>fried bean curd</gloss> +<gloss>aburaage</gloss> +<gloss>thin deep-fried slices of tofu</gloss>
3.	A 2013-08-15 10:35:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2013-08-15 07:24:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daijs, shinmeikai, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +17,6 @@ +<pos>&n-pref;</pos> +<gloss>frying</gloss> +<gloss>fried food</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos>
1.	A* 2013-08-14 05:18:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +17,3 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1538730">油揚げ・あぶらあげ・1</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>fried tofu</gloss>

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jmdict 1551810 Active (id: 1145617)
立方 [news2,nf41] ；立ち方
【たちかた [news2,nf41] 】

1.

[n]
▶ way of standing

2.

[n]
▶ dancer (in a Japanese dance performance)

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2796690 地方【じかた】 1. person in charge of music (in a Japanese dance performance)

History:

4.	A 2013-08-25 22:26:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-08-15 08:11:47 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, etc. http://geishaofjapan.com/art/dance/ http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Amazing-Story-of-the-Japanese-Geisha&id=5625994
	Comments:	a person, not a dance
	Diff:	@@ -23,1 +23,2 @@ -<gloss>traditional Japanese dance</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="2796690">地方・じかた・1</xref> +<gloss>dancer (in a Japanese dance performance)</gloss>
2.	A 2013-08-15 07:25:01 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-14 11:25:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>立ち方</keb> @@ -16,1 +19,5 @@ -<gloss>dancing (geisha)</gloss> +<gloss>way of standing</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>traditional Japanese dance</gloss>

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jmdict 1644150 Active (id: 2168408)
連作 [news1,nf21]
【れんさく [news1,nf21] 】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ planting a field with the same crop each year ▶ repeated cultivation ▶ monocropping
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ collaborative literary work ▶ story made up by several writers working on it in turn
3.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ series (of novels) ▶ cycle (of poems, songs) ▶ sequence

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2021-12-08 10:23:05 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -23,0 +25 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -29,0 +32 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
4.	A 2020-07-10 22:51:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2020-07-10 21:15:29 Opencooper
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocropping
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>monocropping</gloss>
2.	A 2013-08-15 01:03:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr
	Diff:	@@ -30,1 +30,1 @@ -<gloss>cycle (of poems)</gloss> +<gloss>cycle (of poems, songs)</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 00:17:37 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, prog, Luminous, JWN
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +26,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>series (of novels)</gloss> +<gloss>cycle (of poems)</gloss> +<gloss>sequence</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1685040 Active (id: 1145113)
苦みばしった；苦味ばしった；苦味走った
【にがみばしった】

1.

[adj-f]
▶ sternly handsome
▶ manly

History:

2.	A 2013-08-16 01:33:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 10:42:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +4,6 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>苦みばしった</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>苦味ばしった</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -13,0 +19,1 @@ +<gloss>manly</gloss>

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jmdict 1794490 Active (id: 2283879)
洋梨；洋ナシ；洋なし
【ようなし；ヨウナシ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ European pear (Pyrus communis)
▶ common pear

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2849141 ペア 1. European pear
	⇐ see: 2262970 西洋梨【せいようなし】 1. European pear (Pyrus communis); common pear

History:

8.	A 2023-11-19 16:58:09 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2023-11-19 14:59:25 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrus_communis https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/14227/pyrus-communis-(f)/details
	Comments:	Simplifying readings.
	Diff:	@@ -15,6 +14,0 @@ -<re_restr>洋梨</re_restr> -<re_restr>洋なし</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ようナシ</reb> -<re_restr>洋ナシ</re_restr> @@ -28,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>common pear</gloss>
6.	A 2016-11-21 23:05:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2016-11-21 12:40:47 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 洋梨 165360 洋ナシ 109422 ようなし 53867 洋なし 48298 ヨウナシ 2633 ようナシ 310
	Diff:	@@ -28 +27,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc>
4.	A 2013-08-17 07:11:07 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2013-08-15 12:02:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic/ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +<keb>洋ナシ</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -12,0 +15,6 @@ +<re_restr>洋梨</re_restr> +<re_restr>洋なし</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ようナシ</reb> +<re_restr>洋ナシ</re_restr>
2.	A 2012-08-31 06:49:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ヨウナシ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -15,0 +19,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
1.	A* 2012-08-31 05:45:28 Marcus
	Refs:	wiki, 374k
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>洋なし</keb>

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jmdict 1828550 Active (id: 1145087)
玉音 [news2,nf47]
【ぎょくおん [news2,nf47] ；ぎょくいん】

1.	[n] ▶ the Emperor's voice
2.	[n] ▶ beautiful voice ▶ beautiful sound

History:

2.	A 2013-08-15 10:59:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 06:40:47 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	daijs, nikk
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ぎょくいん</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -18,0 +21,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>beautiful voice</gloss> +<gloss>beautiful sound</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 2045380 Active (id: 1936419)
ごま塩頭；胡麻塩頭；ゴマ塩頭；ごましお頭
【ごましおあたま (ごま塩頭, 胡麻塩頭, ごましお頭)；ゴマしおあたま (ゴマ塩頭) 】

1.

[n]
▶ salt and pepper hair
▶ dark hair streaked with gray

History:

7.	A 2016-10-11 10:16:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2016-10-11 06:54:59 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ごま塩頭 1155 胡麻塩頭 477 ゴマ塩頭 409 ごましお頭 218 ごましおあたま 53 ゴマしお頭 No matches ゴマしおあたま No matches
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11,3 @@ +<keb>ゴマ塩頭</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -14,0 +18,7 @@ +<re_restr>ごま塩頭</re_restr> +<re_restr>胡麻塩頭</re_restr> +<re_restr>ごましお頭</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ゴマしおあたま</reb> +<re_restr>ゴマ塩頭</re_restr>
5.	A 2014-11-27 08:38:07 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<misc>&yoji;</misc>
4.	A 2014-08-25 01:40:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Kanji Haitani list
	Comments:	Adding yoji tagAdding yoji tag -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<misc>&yoji;</misc>
3.	A 2013-08-15 10:50:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, ngrams (for ordering)
	Comments:	Don't need the kanji literal translation (The "Editorial Policy" page warns against that.)
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>ごま塩頭</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8,1 +11,1 @@ -<keb>ごま塩頭</keb> +<keb>ごましお頭</keb> @@ -18,3 +21,0 @@ -<sense> -<gloss g_type="lit">sesame salt head</gloss> -</sense>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2013-08-15 08:18:55 James Rose <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2012/08/27/language/the-bittersweet-taste- of-japanese-words/#.UgxS5-BrevI
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>ごま塩頭</keb> @@ -15,0 +18,3 @@ +<sense> +<gloss g_type="lit">sesame salt head</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A 2005-06-10 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2142940 Active (id: 1145089)
濃茶
【こいちゃ】

1.

[n]
▶ koicha
▶ [expl] exceptionally dark, opaque matcha

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2796700 主菓子【おもがし】 1. Japanese sweet eaten with koicha

History:

3.	A 2013-08-15 11:00:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-08-15 09:16:44 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>exceptionally dark, opaque matcha</gloss> +<gloss>koicha</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">exceptionally dark, opaque matcha</gloss>
1.	A 2007-03-28 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2657790 Active (id: 1145075)

おちゃらかす

1.

[v5s,vt]
▶ to tease
▶ to make fun of

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1422630 茶化す 1. to poke fun at; to make fun of; to send up

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2013-08-15 08:25:24 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,1 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2011-09-05 23:46:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-09-05 15:02:02 Scott
	Refs:	gg5

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jmdict 2796650 Active (id: 1145060)
一下
【いっか】

1.

[n]
▶ something handed down (usu. an order)

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1532170 命令一下【めいれいいっか】 1. handed-down order; issued instruction; word of command
	⇐ see: 2796660 号令一下【ごうれいいっか】 1. handed-down order; issued instruction; word of command

History:

2.	A 2013-08-15 07:19:26 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-14 23:05:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, ルミナス

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jmdict 2796660 Active (id: 1145062)
号令一下
【ごうれいいっか】

1.

[n]
▶ handed-down order
▶ issued instruction
▶ word of command

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2796650 一下 1. something handed down (usu. an order)
	⇒ see: 1532170 命令一下【めいれいいっか】 1. handed-down order; issued instruction; word of command

History:

2.	A 2013-08-15 07:20:45 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-14 23:10:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, リーダーズ+プラス
	Comments:	Bit more common than 命令一下. Seem to be synonyms.

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jmdict 2796670 Active (id: 2090002)
財相
【ざいしょう】

1.

[n] [abbr]
▶ Minister of Finance
▶ Treasurer

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2751270 財務相 1. Minister of Finance; Treasurer

History:

3.	A 2020-12-13 12:23:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2751270">財務相・ざいむしょう</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2751270">財務相</xref> @@ -14,3 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>treasurer</gloss> -<gloss>treasury minister</gloss> -<gloss>finance minister</gloss> +<gloss>Minister of Finance</gloss> +<gloss>Treasurer</gloss>
2.	A 2013-08-15 07:39:02 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 00:32:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijs, ngrams(12k)

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jmdict 2796680 Deleted (id: 1145121)
とりあえずお茶を；取りあえずお茶を；取り敢えずお茶を
【とりあえずおちゃを】

1.

[exp]
▶ for the time being would you like some tea?
▶ [expl] custom of serving tea to a guest when you aren’t sure what else to do with them.

History:

5.	D 2013-08-16 08:05:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK.
4.	A* 2013-08-16 01:38:17 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	yes, i don't think this should be an entry either. (and that article seems rather questionable in parts). it's certainly not the name of a 'custom'. this is an example sentence at best, not a dictionary entry
3.	A* 2013-08-15 15:15:25 Scott
	Comments:	This is a partial sentence, not a dictionary entry IMO.
2.	A* 2013-08-15 11:23:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams.
	Comments:	I like Itoh-san's article, but I'm not sure it's so accurate.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +5,3 @@ +<keb>とりあえずお茶を</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -6,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>取り敢えずお茶を</keb> @@ -11,2 +17,3 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>The time-honored habit of serving some tea to a guest when you aren’t sure what else to do with them.</gloss> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<gloss>for the time being would you like some tea?</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">custom of serving tea to a guest when you aren’t sure what else to do with them.</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 08:03:17 James Rose <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2012/08/27/language/the-bittersweet-taste- of-japanese-words/#.UgxS5-BrevI

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jmdict 2796690 Active (id: 1145091)
地方
【じかた】

1.

[n]
▶ person in charge of music (in a Japanese dance performance)

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1551810 立方【たちかた】 2. dancer (in a Japanese dance performance)

2.

[n]
▶ person singing ballads (in noh)

3.

[n]
▶ coast (esp. as seen from the water)
▶ shore

4.

[n] [arch]
▶ the country
▶ countryside
▶ the provinces
▶ rural area

History:

2.	A 2013-08-15 11:01:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 08:09:17 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, gg5, etc.
	Comments:	split out of 1421450. gg5 adds 'locality' as a meaning here, but as far as i can tell it's not in any japanese dictionary with that meaning (it's a synonym of perhaps they grabbed the wrong meaning from 地方[ちほう]...)

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jmdict 2796700 Active (id: 1145096)
主菓子
【おもがし】

1.

[n] {food, cooking}
▶ Japanese sweet eaten with koicha

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2142940 濃茶 1. koicha; exceptionally dark, opaque matcha

History:

2.	A 2013-08-15 11:25:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 09:16:23 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	和・洋・中・エスニック　世界の料理がわかる辞典 http://kotobank.jp/word/主菓子

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jmdict 2796710 Active (id: 1145093)
古地図
【こちず】

1.

[n]
▶ old map
▶ antique map

History:

2.	A 2013-08-15 11:06:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,1 @@ +<gloss>antique map</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 10:15:21 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	daijs nikk

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jmdict 2796720 Active (id: 1145111)
一の鳥居
【いちのとりい】

1.

[exp,n]
▶ first torii gate of a shrine

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1430280 鳥居 1. torii (Shinto shrine archway)

History:

4.	A 2013-08-15 21:45:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +11,1 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -12,1 +13,0 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos>
3.	A* 2013-08-15 14:23:43
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos>
2.	A 2013-08-15 11:24:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 10:24:34 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	daijs saw on an old map of kyoto (referencing a specific torii though) http://edb.kulib.kyoto- u.ac.jp/exhibit/maps/map032/image/0/n0006004.html

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jmdict 2796730 Active (id: 2171717)
無償化
【むしょうか】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ making (something) free of charge
▶ dispensing with fees

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2796740 無料化 1. making (something) free of charge; dispensing with fees

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-30 16:16:24 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2796740">無料化・むりょうか</xref> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2796740">無料化</xref>
3.	A 2013-08-15 11:58:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ＫＯＤ追加語彙
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2796740">無料化・むりょうか</xref> @@ -14,0 +15,1 @@ +<gloss>dispensing with fees</gloss>
2.	A* 2013-08-15 11:48:48 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Oops!
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>むしょうか</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -10,1 +13,1 @@ -<gloss>むしょうか</gloss> +<gloss>making (something) free of charge</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 11:47:15 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	making (something) free of charge
	Comments:	[アプリ名Ａ]は既に開発を終了しております。そのかわり、有料版の[アプリＢ]を無償化いたしましたので、今後は是非、[アプリＢ]をダウンロードしてお楽しみ下さい。

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jmdict 2796740 Active (id: 2171716)
無料化
【むりょうか】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ making (something) free of charge
▶ dispensing with fees

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2796730 無償化【むしょうか】 1. making (something) free of charge; dispensing with fees

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-12-30 16:15:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	無料化 171610 無償化 14545
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2796730">無償化・むしょうか</xref>
3.	A 2021-12-29 03:40:28 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2013-08-15 18:16:53 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 11:58:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5

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jmdict 2796750 Active (id: 1145112)
礼を失する
【れいをしっする】

1.

[exp,vs-s]
▶ to be impolite
▶ to be discourteous

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2013-08-15 21:47:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, Eijiro
1.	A* 2013-08-15 20:46:29 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, ALC

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JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

2.	A 2013-08-15 01:00:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-15 00:01:18 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog, Cross, EDR, 研究社新和英中辞典, ALC, Luminous
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,1 @@ +<gloss>(two-page) spread</gloss>

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