JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1056760 Active (id: 1149623)

サッシ [gai1] ；サッシュ

1.

[n]
▶ sash
▶ sliding window frame (esp. metal)

History:

3.	A 2013-11-28 01:34:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-11-25 02:55:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr: 金属製の窓枠。サッシュ。「アルミ-−」 GG5: 〔窓枠〕 a window frame. ルミナス: (窓枠) sash [C] 《指記号まど (挿絵)》中辞典: an aluminum frame for a sliding door or window.
	Comments:	Here the term "sash" is used for all sliding window frames; not just metal ones. That doesn't stop サッシ being specifically for metal ones.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@ +<gloss>sliding window frame (esp. metal)</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-11-25 02:16:00 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	新和英中辞典 "a metal‐framed glass sliding door [window] 《主に英国で用いられる》 a patio door." but prog just has "sash; window sash"

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jmdict 1057960 Active (id: 2222679)

サラリーマン [gai1,ichi1] ；サラーリーマン [sk] ；サラリマン [sk] ；サラーリマン [sk] ；サラリー・マン [sk]

1.

[n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "salaryman"
▶ office worker
▶ company employee
▶ company man
▶ salaryman

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2857448 フラリーマン 1. male office worker who does not go straight home after work (but instead hangs around bars, cafés, pachinko parlours, etc.)
	⇐ see: 2260160 サラ 2. salaryman
	⇐ see: 1140830 リーマン 1. office worker; company employee; company man; salaryman

History:

20.	A 2023-02-24 19:03:26 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I meant to say daijs give etym as both "salaried man" and "salaryman" btw.
19.	A 2023-02-24 03:11:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
18.	A* 2023-02-23 22:52:42 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	koj daijr shinjirin "salaried man" daijs also but additionally サラリーマン. nikk "英salary man 多く salaried man の形をとる" mk "和製 salary＋man" only tagged as wasei in meikyo, interestingly.
	Comments:	No point in having 0 ngram versions in this entry. サラリー-マン in most kokugos so サラリー・マン is OK to keep for "compatibility purposes," I think. We don't do notes that pertain to the English glosses rather than the Japanese word normally. (and I strongly think we shouldn't, it can easily lead to misunderstandinga)
	Diff:	@@ -25,12 +24,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>サラーリー・マン</reb> -<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>サラリ・マン</reb> -<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>サラーリ・マン</reb> -<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> -</r_ele> @@ -39 +27 @@ -<lsource ls_wasei="y">salary man</lsource> +<lsource ls_wasei="y">salaryman</lsource> @@ -43 +31 @@ -<gloss>salaryman (stereotypical Japanese office worker)</gloss> +<gloss>salaryman</gloss>
17.	A 2023-02-23 20:16:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
16.	A* 2023-02-23 15:38:14 dom <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts サラリーマン 4694075 99.9% サラーリーマン 4303 0.1% サラリマン 1267 0.0% サラーリマン 1093 0.0% サラリー・マン 104 0.0% サラーリー・マン 0 0.0% サラリ・マン 0 0.0% サラーリ・マン 0 0.0%
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -15 +15 @@ -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -19 +19 @@ -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -23 +23 @@ -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -27 +27 @@ -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -31 +31 @@ -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -35 +35 @@ -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
(show/hide 15 older log entries)
15.	A 2019-08-05 03:31:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK, I'll make it one sense, although I'm not comfortable with it being in sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -43,5 +43 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>salaryman</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">stereotypical Japanese office worker</gloss> +<gloss>salaryman (stereotypical Japanese office worker)</gloss>
14.	A* 2019-08-02 20:28:23 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	i would include it as a gloss in sense 1. it's harmless and possibly useful, IMO
13.	A* 2019-07-31 12:36:29 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think it should be two senses. (but I'm neutral as to whether we should include "salaryman" as a gloss or not)
12.	A* 2019-07-31 12:03:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	How about this? I don't fancy it in sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -43,0 +44,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>salaryman</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">stereotypical Japanese office worker</gloss> +</sense>
11.	A* 2019-07-31 09:00:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's worth noting we have "gaijin" in the 外人 entry.
10.	A* 2019-07-30 07:08:55 Opencooper <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Hmm, a specific cultural term will be limited in its context of course (just like you won't hear too much about onsen outside of when Japan is being discussed). The editorial policy (http://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/Editorial_policy#Romanized_Japanese) seems to be mainly concerned about whether the term is in the English lexicon. I agree that it's not the best gloss and could be confused, but it'd be for those who know the term already, while the remaining glosses will suffice for others.
9.	A* 2019-07-30 06:18:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	OED: "especially in Japan" Cambridge: "a Japanese businessman" MW: "Japanese white-collar businessman"
	Comments:	But it's being used in those articles in a Japanese context; it's not really being used broadly in English, and I don't think it's a suitable "translation" for サラリーマン. Still very much wasei.
8.	A* 2019-07-30 04:42:44 Opencooper
	Comments:	Perhaps it's time to consider if "salaryman" has entered usage in English, making it an appropriate gloss? It's in English dictionaries: * OED (https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/salaryman) * Cambridge (https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/salaryman) * Merriam-Webster (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/salaryman) Common in headlines about labor in Japan: * NYT: "Tokyo Journal; Teaching Japan's Salarymen to Be Their Own Men" (https://www.nytimes.com/2002/11/27/world/tokyo-journal-teaching-japan-s-salarymen-to- be-their-own-men.html) * CNN: "Pity Japan's salaryman: Inside a brutal 80-hour workweek" (https://money.cnn.com/2015/03/09/news/japan-work-salaryman/index.html) * Financial Times: "The legacy of the Japanese salaryman" (https://www.ft.com/content/89355444-e9d2-11e5-bb79-2303682345c8) * Economist: "Meet the new salaryman" (https://www.economist.com/asia/2005/11/10/meet-the-new-salaryman) * The Guardian: "The salaryman's guide to Tokyo" (https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2012/feb/01/salarymans-guide-to-tokyo-city)
7.	A 2018-10-30 11:27:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	All very uncommon compared to サラリーマン.
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> @@ -13,0 +15 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> @@ -16,0 +19 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> @@ -19,0 +23 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> @@ -22,0 +27 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> @@ -25,0 +31 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf> @@ -28 +34,2 @@ -<reb>サラー・リマン</reb> +<reb>サラーリ・マン</reb> +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
6.	A* 2018-10-30 10:37:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	サラリマン 1267 サラーリーマン 4303 サラリーマン 4694075 サラーリマン 1093
	Comments:	Yet-another form.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,3 @@ +<reb>サラーリマン</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -22,0 +26,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サラー・リマン</reb>
5.	A 2013-11-28 01:34:53 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2013-11-26 10:32:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Ngrams
	Comments:	Enough hits to be worth it.
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,6 @@ +<reb>サラーリーマン</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サラリマン</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -11,0 +17,6 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サラーリー・マン</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サラリ・マン</reb>
3.	A 2013-05-11 08:01:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>サラリー・マン</reb>
2.	A 2011-09-27 02:51:19 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-09-27 01:47:55 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Add idiomatic “company man” wording.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@ +<gloss>company man</gloss>

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jmdict 1120610 Active (id: 1149624)

ペーパードライバー；ペーパードライバ；ペーパー・ドライバー；ペーパー・ドライバ

1.

[n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "paper driver"
▶ person who has a driving licence but little or no experience actually driving (license)

History:

6.	A 2013-11-28 01:34:39 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2013-11-26 10:28:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Enough hits to be worth adding.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>ペーパードライバ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -9,0 +12,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ペーパー・ドライバ</reb>
4.	A 2013-05-11 10:56:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ペーパー・ドライバー</reb>
3.	A 2013-02-03 12:10:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-02-03 09:11:28 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<gloss>person with driving licence but no practice (license)</gloss> +<gloss>person who has a driving licence but little or no experience actually driving (license)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2013-02-03 00:55:39 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	rm 'practise' wherever it occurs as a noun
	Diff:	@@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<gloss>person with driving licence but no practice (practise, license)</gloss> +<gloss>person with driving licence but no practice (license)</gloss>

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jmdict 1126740 Active (id: 1149658)

マイクロバス [gai1]

1.

[n] Source lang: eng "microbus"
▶ minibus

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1126600 マイクロ 2. minibus

History:

4.	A 2013-11-28 22:17:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-11-28 11:55:34 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	wiki, google images
	Diff:	@@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<gloss>microbus (usu. 11 to 29 passengers)</gloss> +<lsource xml:lang="eng">microbus</lsource>
2.	A 2012-06-28 02:48:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<gloss>microbus (usually 11 to 29 passengers)</gloss> +<gloss>microbus (usu. 11 to 29 passengers)</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-06-27 14:19:28 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	研究者中 Genius (“minibus”) daijr (10–29) ja:WP (11–29) http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/マイクロバス
	Comments:	* “minibus” (usual English) * range of passengers
	Diff:	@@ -10,1 +10,2 @@ -<gloss>microbus</gloss> +<gloss>microbus (usually 11 to 29 passengers)</gloss> +<gloss>minibus</gloss>

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jmdict 1133790 Active (id: 2215528)

メニュー [gai1,ichi1]

1.

[n] Source lang: fre
▶ menu

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1714870 献立表【こんだてひょう】 1. menu; list of meals (e.g. for the week)
	⇐ see: 2856709 ムニュ 1. menu (in a French restaurant)

2.

[n]
▶ schedule
▶ program
▶ programme
▶ course
▶ services

3.

[n] {computing}
▶ (computer) menu

History:

11.	A 2022-12-12 18:03:36 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://agu-hair.com/menu/ https://www.hair-ripple.com/blog/1694/
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<gloss>services</gloss>
10.	A* 2022-12-12 02:13:09
	Comments:	Oft used at hairdressers
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>course</gloss>
9.	A 2022-11-03 21:48:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK, I'll do that. All the kokugos say this is from French but I bet it came via English. I see Marcus' ref mentions デギュスタッション, which is a 0 n-gram variant of デギュスタシオン.
	Diff:	@@ -8,4 +7,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ムニュ</reb> -<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
8.	A* 2022-11-03 13:33:37 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	How about making it a separate rare-tagged entry? "menu (in a French restaurant)"?
7.	A 2022-11-03 11:13:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Probably. I'll add it eventually, and search for "rare kana" in the comments.
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A* 2022-11-03 08:14:18 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	rk rare kana might be better?
5.	A 2022-11-03 05:46:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	メニュー 38931210 100.0% ムニュ 9153 0.0%
	Comments:	Let's just make it searchable.
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -18 +18,0 @@ -<stagr>メニュー</stagr> @@ -25 +24,0 @@ -<stagr>メニュー</stagr>
4.	A* 2022-11-03 00:41:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Used at some French restaurants in Japan though. （e.g. Eternite in Osaka that I prviously linked to）
3.	A* 2022-11-03 00:33:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	今日のメニュー 163012 今日のムニュ 0 このメニュー 123299 このムニュ 96
	Comments:	Looks like this is very rarely used outside of transcribed French terms. Not sure it's worth having as a headword.
2.	A 2013-11-28 11:03:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	At first I thought it might be very marginal, but it gets 9k hits (メニュー gets 38M).
1.	A* 2013-11-28 08:40:00 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	2 new senses: daijs _ new reading: 現代用語の基礎知識 http://www.restaurant-eternite.com/?page_id=74 "le menu dégustation ル・ムニュ・デギュスタッション"
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ムニュ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -14,0 +17,13 @@ +<sense> +<stagr>メニュー</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>schedule</gloss> +<gloss>program</gloss> +<gloss>programme</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>メニュー</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&comp;</field> +<gloss>(computer) menu</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1296360 Active (id: 2216568)
際立つ [ichi1,news1,nf20] ；際だつ
【きわだつ [ichi1,news1,nf20] 】

1.

[v5t,vi]
▶ to be prominent
▶ to be conspicuous
▶ to stand out
▶ to be outstanding
▶ to be remarkable
▶ to be striking
▶ to be notable

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2022-12-21 22:24:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-12-21 13:28:21
	Refs:	ウィズダム英和辞典 / ウィズダム和英辞典
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25,4 @@ +<gloss>to be outstanding</gloss> +<gloss>to be remarkable</gloss> +<gloss>to be striking</gloss> +<gloss>to be notable</gloss>
5.	A 2022-10-02 04:09:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -22 +21,0 @@ -<gloss>to stand out</gloss> @@ -24,0 +24 @@ +<gloss>to stand out</gloss>
4.	A* 2022-10-02 01:42:44 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/際立つ/#je-18800
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<gloss>to stand out</gloss>
3.	A 2018-06-25 18:37:06 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2013-11-28 08:11:56 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-11-28 05:05:29 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog example, ALC n-grams
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>際だつ</keb>

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jmdict 1323100 Active (id: 1151740)
車海老；車えび；車エビ；車蝦
【くるまえび (車海老, 車えび, 車蝦)；くるまエビ (車エビ)；クルマエビ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ kuruma prawn (Marsupenaeus japonicus)
▶ kuruma shrimp
▶ Japanese tiger prawn

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2259230 さいまき 1. kuruma prawn (esp. a small one, i.e. less than 10 cm in length)

History:

8.	A 2014-01-31 00:42:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. A bit messy, but necessary.
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11,3 @@ +<keb>車エビ</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -14,0 +18,7 @@ +<re_restr>車海老</re_restr> +<re_restr>車えび</re_restr> +<re_restr>車蝦</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>くるまエビ</reb> +<re_restr>車エビ</re_restr>
7.	A* 2014-01-31 00:14:44 Hendrik
	Comments:	Hi, a request for a small technical adjustment: In "Text Glossing", 車エビ (i.e., when using the katakana that many people use with animals) brings up this information: 車【くるま】 (n) (1) car; automobile [snip ...] エビ : 海老(P); 蝦; 蛯; 鰕【えび(P); エビ(P)】 (n) prawn; shrimp [snip ...] :-)
6.	A 2013-11-28 10:48:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2013-11-28 07:47:20 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	車えび 60956 車海老 96598 車蝦 1198 車エビ 32806
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>車えび</keb>
4.	A 2013-10-28 00:53:46 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -19,1 +19,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2013-10-25 04:01:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams 車海老 96598 クルマエビ 19052
	Comments:	not actually uk?
2.	A 2012-07-24 23:15:07 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-07-24 23:10:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>クルマエビ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -15,0 +19,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>

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jmdict 1353030 Active (id: 1149813)
上靴
【うわぐつ】

1.

[n]
▶ hallway slippers
▶ indoor shoes

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1354470 上履き【うわばき】 1. hallway slippers; indoor shoes

2.

[n]
▶ overshoes
▶ rubbers
▶ galoshes

History:

4.	A 2013-12-03 05:37:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. Probably a bit obscure. Google images doesn't show examples of them.
3.	A* 2013-12-03 04:33:10 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	nikkoku sense 2: 雨などで水にぬれるのを防ぐため、普通の靴の上にはくゴム製などの靴。
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>overshoes</gloss> +<gloss>rubbers</gloss> +<gloss>galoshes</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A* 2013-11-28 05:45:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 has "〔上履き〕 indoor shoes; slippers; 〔オーバーシューズ〕 overshoes; rubbers; galoshes." No other ref has it.
	Comments:	2nd sense?
1.	A* 2013-11-28 04:04:02 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, prog, 研究社新和英中辞典, Luminous, JST, wiki (redirects to 上履き)
	Comments:	Is there any support for the original glosses?
	Diff:	@@ -12,3 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>overshoes</gloss> -<gloss>rubbers</gloss> -<gloss>galoshes</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1354470">上履き・うわばき</xref> +<gloss>hallway slippers</gloss> +<gloss>indoor shoes</gloss>

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jmdict 1354470 Active (id: 1149799)
上履き；上履；上ばき
【うわばき】

1.

[n]
▶ hallway slippers
▶ indoor shoes

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1186530 下履き 1. outdoor shoes
	⇐ see: 2857938 バレーシューズ 1. slippers (worn at school)
	⇐ see: 1353030 上靴【うわぐつ】 1. hallway slippers; indoor shoes

History:

4.	A 2013-12-03 04:27:03 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-11-28 05:40:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr (上靴 entry)
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>上ばき</keb>
2.	A 2011-04-27 23:11:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-04-27 07:21:33 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	more common with the き
	Diff:	@@ -5,1 +5,1 @@ -<keb>上履</keb> +<keb>上履き</keb> @@ -8,1 +8,1 @@ -<keb>上履き</keb> +<keb>上履</keb> @@ -15,0 +15,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1186530">下履き</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1186530">下履き</xref>

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jmdict 1428190 Active (id: 2055041)
懲りる [ichi1,news2,nf39]
【こりる [ichi1,news2,nf39] 】

1.	[v1,vi] ▶ to learn by experience ▶ to learn one's lesson ▶ to learn the hard way
2.	[v1,vi] ▶ to be discouraged (by) ▶ to have enough (of) ▶ to be disgusted (with)

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2019-12-31 00:19:40 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2019-12-29 02:11:40 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 example
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26 @@ +<gloss>to be discouraged (by)</gloss> @@ -27 +28 @@ -<gloss>to be disgusted with</gloss> +<gloss>to be disgusted (with)</gloss>
5.	A 2013-12-03 04:34:42 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2013-11-28 22:14:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, ルミナス
	Comments:	I think this is really a second sense.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +22,5 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to have enough (of)</gloss>
3.	A* 2013-11-28 08:44:12 Reinaert Albrecht <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +21,1 @@ +<gloss>to learn the hard way</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2013-05-15 07:49:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-05-15 04:17:58 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	prog, nc, Luminous, 研究社新和英中辞典, ALC
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +20,1 @@ +<gloss>to learn one's lesson</gloss>

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jmdict 1436390 Active (id: 2163429)
提言 [news1,nf04]
【ていげん [news1,nf04] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ proposal
▶ motion
▶ recommendation

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2021-11-18 01:15:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
3.	A 2013-11-28 05:46:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-11-28 01:17:19 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	It's also the first gloss offered by Google Translate.
1.	A* 2013-11-28 01:16:01 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://eow.alc.co.jp/��/EUC-JP/
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@ +<gloss>recommendation</gloss>

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jmdict 2185470 Active (id: 1149661)

ハラール；ハラル

1.

[n,adj-no] Source lang: ara
▶ halal

History:

2.	A 2013-11-28 22:55:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, etc.
	Comments:	From rejected 2804070. ハラール marginally more common.
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ハラル</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -9,0 +12,1 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
1.	A 2007-08-15 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2434160 Active (id: 2082230)

アミューズ

1.

[n] [abbr] {food, cooking}
▶ amuse-bouche

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2831159 アミューズブーシュ 1. amuse-bouche; amuse-gueule
	⇐ see: 2831267 アミューズグール 1. amuse-gueule; amuse-bouche

2.

[n] [rare]
▶ amusement

History:

8.	A 2020-09-24 12:13:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Sounds OK.
7.	A* 2020-09-24 11:32:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm pretty sure that's a nominalising こと; it doesn't mean "thing". The definition translates to "amusing (someone)" but I can't see it being used with that meaning without する. I suggest "amusement", which is very general. Definitely obscure. I can't find any examples.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16,2 @@ -<gloss>something amusing</gloss> +<misc>&obsc;</misc> +<gloss>amusement</gloss>
6.	A 2020-09-24 02:30:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Since it's in Daijirin we should keep it, but not the first sense. WWW hits are moatly for the company with that name.
	Diff:	@@ -8,4 +7,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<gloss>to amuse</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> @@ -12,0 +9 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2831159">アミューズブーシュ</xref> @@ -16,0 +14,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>something amusing</gloss> +</sense>
5.	A* 2020-09-20 15:52:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr: 楽しませること。面白がらせること。アミューズし 22 アミューズする 49
	Comments:	Only daijr has that sense (and it's not vs). I wouldn't be opposed to dropping it.
4.	A* 2020-09-20 05:41:51 Opencooper
	Refs:	* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amuse-bouche * 世界の料理がわかる辞典 (https://kotobank.jp/word/アミューズ-198779): 「アミューズブーシュ」の略。
	Comments:	PoS check on the first sense please?
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="fre"/> +<field>&food;</field> +<misc>&abbr;</misc>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A 2013-11-28 11:03:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-11-28 08:00:56 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	http://www.yutaka-steak.com/gion_yutaka/menu/dinner.html http://www.nikkannet.com/manner/amuse.html
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +11,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<lsource xml:lang="fre"/> +<gloss>amuse-bouche</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A 2009-04-10 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2442180 Active (id: 2204929)
命に別状はない；命に別条はない
【いのちにべつじょうはない】

1.

[exp,adj-i]
▶ (one's) life is not in danger
▶ not life-threatening

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1509910 別状 1. something unusual; something wrong; mishap; accident; serious condition (e.g. after an injury); different situation

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2022-08-19 22:52:29 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
8.	A 2018-10-08 01:00:00 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK.
7.	A* 2018-10-07 12:50:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 命に別条はない 6509 命に別状はない 11541 命に別条ない 195 命に別状ない 1343
	Comments:	I think the "No matches" are a KM parsing issue. Worth keeping, in my view.
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>命に別条はない</keb> +<keb>命に別状はない</keb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>命に別状はない</keb> +<keb>命に別条はない</keb>
6.	D* 2018-10-07 07:23:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	km 命に別条はない No matches 命に別条はなし No matches 命に別条ない 21 命に別条なし 17
	Comments:	I think this should be deleted or possibly changed to one of the more common surface forms.
5.	A 2013-11-28 22:11:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2013-11-28 12:02:26 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	not idiomatic
	Diff:	@@ -16,1 +16,0 @@ -<misc>&id;</misc>
3.	A 2013-06-25 22:37:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-06-25 18:08:14 winnie <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://ejje.weblio.jp/sentence/content/"命に別状"　　 http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1152804066
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>命に別状はない</keb>
1.	A 2009-05-24 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2803860 Active (id: 1149634)
特務艦
【とくむかん】

1.

[n]
▶ auxiliary vessel
▶ auxiliary ship

History:

4.	A 2013-11-28 08:19:07 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs nipp nikk
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,0 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">vessel providing non-combat support (e.g. repair, transport, tanker, etc.)</gloss>
3.	A* 2013-11-27 00:46:58 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_ship
	Comments:	Also not sure if the explanation is necessary.
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>auxillary vessel</gloss> +<gloss>auxiliary vessel</gloss> +<gloss>auxiliary ship</gloss>
2.	A* 2013-11-26 21:58:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Daijirin
	Comments:	Trimming John's explanation. Not sure it's needed.
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>An auxillary vessel. A military ship with a mission of providing support in a non-combat role (e.g. repair vessel, transport, ice breaker, survey ship, target ship, tanker, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>auxillary vessel</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">vessel providing non-combat support (e.g. repair, transport, tanker, etc.)</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-11-26 21:07:03 John Knox <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/大日本帝国海軍艦艇類別変遷#.E7.89.B9.E5.8B.99.E8.89.A6 http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/srch/all/特務艦/m1u/

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jmdict 2803900 Active (id: 1149635)
無化調
【むかちょう】

1.

[n,adj-no] [abbr]
▶ (being) free of chemical seasoning (esp. MSG)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2803890 化調【かちょう】 1. chemical seasoning

History:

2.	A 2013-11-28 08:21:19 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs
1.	A* 2013-11-27 04:47:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5

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jmdict 2804000 Active (id: 1910442)
特定秘密保護法
【とくていひみつほごほう】

1.

[n]
▶ Act on the Protection of Specially Designated Secrets (2013)
▶ Secret Information Protection Act

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2826556 特定秘密【とくていひみつ】 1. specially designated secret

History:

4.	A 2015-01-20 00:20:59 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	i think not. but mainly because we have so many laws that were put in before the law tag. also we don't mark animals as [zool] or plants as [bot]. [food] is something of an exception
3.	A* 2015-01-15 05:44:37 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/? id=2231&vm=04&re=01 only a tentative translation, but linked to from the kantei's official website: http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/pages/tokuteihimitu.html
	Comments:	do we mark laws as [law]?
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>Secret Information Protection Act (2013)</gloss> +<gloss>Act on the Protection of Specially Designated Secrets (2013)</gloss> +<gloss>Secret Information Protection Act</gloss>
2.	A 2013-11-28 10:47:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	なるほど。
1.	A* 2013-11-28 08:29:39 Hendrik
	Comments:	The official english name may not yet be settled, but this is a term that will get a fair bit of media attention in the near future...

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jmdict 2804010 Active (id: 2087854)

モニターツアー；モニター・ツアー

1.

[n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "monitor tour"
▶ trial package tour
▶ familiarization tour
▶ fam trip
▶ fam tour

History:

9.	A 2020-11-14 09:56:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
8.	A* 2020-11-14 06:22:30 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	from the FB translator group: "It occurs to me now that "promotional tour" or "promo tour" is a real term, but has a much different meaning. A promo tour is when a musician, artist, author or such goes on a tour to promote their own music or such. I wonder if "complimentary tour" is better. Sometimes such a tour is provided free of charge but sometimes they charge a nominal fee but at a deep discount from full charge."
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>promotional tour</gloss>
7.	A 2019-08-01 23:23:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2019-08-01 21:33:05
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>familiarization tour</gloss>
5.	A 2017-05-13 19:08:57 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2017-05-13 00:22:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Oh, and I'm sure it's wasei.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="eng">monitor tour</lsource> +<lsource ls_wasei="y">monitor tour</lsource>
3.	A* 2017-05-12 22:43:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fam_trip Recent translators' FB discussion.
	Comments:	Seems fam trip/tour is the term used in the travel industry in English.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,3 @@ +<gloss>promotional tour</gloss> +<gloss>fam trip</gloss> +<gloss>fam tour</gloss>
2.	A 2013-11-28 11:03:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-11-28 09:15:40 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngram 16386 http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q101 3796065 "モニターツアーとは、その旅行会社が新規で使おうと思っているホテル、レストランなどを「お試し」で使ってみてアンケートの結果を見て本採用するかどうかを決めるツアーですね。" http://questionbox.jp.msn.com/qa555769.html

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jmdict 2804020 Active (id: 1149812)
無乳房症
【むにゅうぼうしょう】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ amastia

History:

2.	A 2013-12-03 04:37:18 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-11-28 10:52:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, LSD, 医学英和辞典

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jmdict 2804030 Active (id: 1149652)
無乳症
【むにゅうしょう】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ agalactia
▶ agalactosis

History:

2.	A 2013-11-28 12:32:04 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	nikk
1.	A* 2013-11-28 10:54:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Kagaku

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jmdict 2804040 Active (id: 1149665)
崖下
【がいか；がけした】

1.

[n]
▶ below a cliff

History:

2.	A 2013-11-28 23:02:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr
1.	A* 2013-11-28 12:01:12 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	nikk, daijs
	Comments:	がけした might be more common

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jmdict 2804050 Active (id: 1149656)
朝粥
【あさがゆ】

1.

[n]
▶ breakfast rice gruel

History:

2.	A 2013-11-28 22:15:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
1.	A* 2013-11-28 12:31:27 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	daijs http://www.kasuisai.or.jp/zen/index.html "7:00 朝粥（略応量器）"

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jmdict 2804060 Active (id: 1149657)
脂肪過多症
【しぼうかたしょう】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ obesity
▶ adiposis
▶ adiposity

History:

2.	A 2013-11-28 22:17:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Kagaku, Igaku, 新和英中辞典, ルミナス
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,2 @@ +<gloss>adiposis</gloss> +<gloss>adiposity</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-11-28 12:33:31 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs nipp nikk

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jmdict 2804070 Rejected (id: 1149662)
ハラル
【はらる】

1.

[n]
▶ halal, kosher

History:

2.	R 2013-11-28 22:55:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added to the existing ハラール entry.
1.	A* 2013-11-28 22:18:05 Hendrik
	Comments:	At the moment, the nearest entry for ハラル in JEDIC is ハラルド and text glossing comes up with this result for ハラル食材: ハラルド・セーヴェルー (?) Harald Sæverud; GA [Partial Match!] 食材【しょくざい】 (n) (1) ingredient; (2) foodstuff; ED

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jmdict 2804080 Active (id: 1158692)
海蛍
【うみほたる；ウミホタル (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ sea firefly (Vargula hilgendorfii)
▶ seed shrimp

History:

4.	A 2014-06-10 19:20:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Oops.
3.	A* 2014-06-10 12:39:56 Frank Pridgen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The katakana reading was improperly listed as ウミハタル
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<reb>ウミハタル</reb> +<reb>ウミホタル</reb>
2.	A 2013-11-28 23:01:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, Gg5, etc.
	Comments:	Standardizing format.
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ウミハタル</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -12,1 +16,3 @@ -<gloss>Vargula hilgendorfii (sea firefly)</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>sea firefly (Vargula hilgendorfii)</gloss> +<gloss>seed shrimp</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-11-28 22:47:24 Stewart C Baker <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ウミホタル

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jmdict 2846018 Active (id: 2077669)

コシェル；コーシャー；コーシェル；コーシャ；コーシェ；コシャ

1.

[n,adj-no] Source lang: heb
▶ kosher

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2520060 カシェル 1. kosher

History:

7.	A 2020-08-09 10:13:22 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2520060">カーシェール</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2520060">カシェル</xref>
6.	A 2020-08-09 10:11:29 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -1,2 +1 @@ -<ent_seq>2198020</ent_seq>
5.	A 2020-08-09 10:11:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Decoupling sound clip
	Diff:	@@ -28 +28 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2520060">カシェル</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2520060">カーシェール</xref>
4.	A* 2020-08-08 07:55:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, KOD, etc. コシェル 1311 <- KOD コーシェル 508 <- Daijr, KOD コーシェ 181 <- KOD コーシャー 854 コーシャ 1343 <- false positives (KOD) コシャ 170
	Comments:	See comments on 2520060.
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>コシェル</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -10,0 +14,3 @@ +<reb>コーシャ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -11,0 +18,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>コシャ</reb> @@ -15,0 +25,5 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2520060">カーシェール</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2520060">カーシェール</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2520060">カーシェール</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2520060">カシェル</xref> +<lsource xml:lang="heb"/>
3.	A 2013-12-03 04:16:06 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2013-11-28 22:58:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, n-grams
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +7,6 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>コーシェル</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>コーシェ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -9,0 +15,1 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
1.	A 2007-08-15 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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Search \| Advanced Search \| New Entry \| Submissions \| Help	wsgi/DB=jmdict

If you have questions about, problems using, or suggestions for improving this page, please send email to jimbreen@gmail.com.
JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

2.	A 2013-11-28 11:00:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	About 1/2 the hits.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>カクテルパーティ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -9,0 +12,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>カクテル・パーティ</reb>
1.	A 2013-05-11 07:04:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>カクテル・パーティー</reb>

JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

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