JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1015090 Active (id: 2289748)
アキレス腱 [spec1]
【アキレスけん [spec1] 】

1.	[n] {anatomy} ▶ Achilles tendon ▶ calcaneal tendon
2.	[n] ▶ Achilles' heel ▶ vulnerable point

History:

4.	A 2024-01-24 01:09:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2024-01-24 00:51:11 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<field>&anat;</field>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:00:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:43:34 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg. oddly headword has different usage than reading, but there's no uk. making both spec1
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai2</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1018610 Active (id: 1084153)
アミノ酸 [spec1]
【アミノさん [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ amino acid

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 03:00:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:42:53 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1019220 Active (id: 2175303)
アルカリ性 [spec1]
【アルカリせい [spec1] 】

1.

[n,adj-no] {chemistry}
▶ alkalinity

History:

6.	A 2022-01-21 16:10:13 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Plenty of adj-no examples on reverso.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,2 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<field>&chem;</field>
5.	A* 2022-01-21 12:06:11 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not listed as adj.no in gg5
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -16 +14,0 @@ -<gloss>alkaline</gloss>
4.	A 2012-01-23 03:00:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2012-01-22 22:42:23 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2.	A 2011-04-18 12:13:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -15,1 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>alkalinity, alkaline</gloss> +<gloss>alkalinity</gloss> +<gloss>alkaline</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2011-04-18 12:07:45 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Correct POS in defn – it’s a noun, hence give the noun form (alkalinity), as per GG as well.
	Diff:	@@ -15,1 +15,1 @@ -<gloss>alkaline</gloss> +<gloss>alkalinity, alkaline</gloss>

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jmdict 1019680 Active (id: 1084155)
アル中 [spec2]
【アルちゅう [spec2] 】

1.

[n] [abbr]
▶ alcoholism

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1959100 アルコール中毒 1. alcoholism; alcohol addiction; enomania; alcohol poisoning; alcohol intoxication

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 03:00:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:42:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai2</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec2</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai2</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec2</re_pri>

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jmdict 1027750 Rejected (id: 2150756)
越幾斯 [ateji]
【エキス [spec1] 】

1.

[n] [uk] Source lang: dut
《abbr. of "extract", not エキストラクト》
▶ extract (of plants, meat, etc.)
▶ essence
▶ stock

History:

13.	R 2021-10-09 20:38:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Fork
12.	A* 2021-10-09 15:59:10 Nicolas Maia
	Comments:	Can we come up with a better wording for the note? I had no idea what it was trying to say until I saw Robin's note in the comments.
11.	A* 2021-10-09 05:56:23 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	oft. used with this meaning 梅肉エキス　肉エキス　チキンエキス
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>stock</gloss>
10.	A 2019-04-04 00:19:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. I'll put things back and spell it out.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2168240">エキストラクト</xref> @@ -16 +15,2 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<s_inf>abbr. of "extract", not エキストラクト</s_inf> +<lsource xml:lang="dut"/>
9.	A* 2019-04-03 17:10:29 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: "(オランダ)extract（抽出物、の意）から" koj: "extract(オランダ)の略。抽出物・浸出物の意" meikyo "extract(オランダ)から。抽出物の意"
	Comments:	I'll repeat what I said before. I don't see how this can be tagged as an abbreviation when none of the dictionaries (kokugos or JEs) have an エキストラクト entry. The etymological notes in the kokugos make it quite clear that エキス is an abbreviation of "extract", not エキストラクト. By having an abbr tag, we're saying that エキス is the shortened form of エキストラクト, which isn't true. エキストラクト is also used in Japanese but it came later.
(show/hide 8 older log entries)
8.	A 2019-04-02 04:48:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2019-04-02 02:39:17 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	actually, never mind on the note. i see we have an x-ref to the full form which has the dutch language tag
6.	A* 2019-04-02 02:38:33 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, eiki, gg5
	Comments:	perhaps a note for the lsrc such as [note="abbr. of エキストラクト, from the Dutch \"extract\""], although it is arguably unneeded i also think the kana here are wacky. currently it's arranged the same way that we do japanese species names. but the correct way of writing this is エキス (as in all dictionaries), and 越幾斯 is ateji for エキス, so it shouldn't take a nokanji tag. i see no relevant google image hits for えきす so i am removing it, but if it's needed, it should be a secondary reading, since it's clearly much much less common than エキス
	Diff:	@@ -9,3 +8,0 @@ -<reb>えきす</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -13 +9,0 @@ -<re_nokanji/> @@ -21 +16,0 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="dut"/>
5.	A* 2019-04-02 02:26:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr: 〔エキストラクト（オランダ extract）の略〕
	Comments:	With that note in Daijirin (which I didn't notice last year) I think the abbr and xref can go back in. I also think the lsrc can be dropped here.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2168240">エキストラクト</xref> @@ -19 +20 @@ -<s_inf>abbr. of "extract"</s_inf> +<misc>&abbr;</misc>
4.	A 2018-09-27 02:27:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	リーダーズ+プラス has エキストラクト.
3.	A* 2018-09-26 23:05:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	None of my refs have エキストラクト so I don't think the x-ref or abbr tag is appropriate. It derives from "extract" but it's not an abbreviation in Japanese.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2168240">エキストラクト</xref> @@ -20,2 +19,3 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc> -<gloss>extract (esp. of food, fruit, etc.)</gloss> +<s_inf>abbr. of "extract"</s_inf> +<lsource xml:lang="dut"/> +<gloss>extract (of plants, meat, etc.)</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:01:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:44:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	a japanese abbreviation, not a foreign one. therefore, not grg
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1027750 Active (id: 2151343)
越幾斯 [ateji]
【エキス [spec1] 】

1.

[n] [uk]
《abbr. of Dutch "extract"》
▶ extract (of plants, meat, etc.)
▶ essence
▶ concentrate
▶ concentrated stock

History:

17.	A 2021-10-13 11:10:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
16.	A* 2021-10-10 02:47:26 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	https://www.ajinomotoafmtrading.co.jp/product/others/product_02.html チキンエキス that is liquid, but very thick. boullion, broth, stock are all thin, aren't they...? I remember my mom using this sometimes, though: https://www.amazon.com/Knorr-Touch-Taste-Concentrated-Bouillon/dp/B00BHFA8XG/ref=cm_cr_arp_d_product_top?ie=UTF8 which is in similar consistency.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18,2 @@ -<gloss>stock (powder)</gloss> +<gloss>concentrate</gloss> +<gloss>concentrated stock</gloss>
15.	A 2021-10-09 20:40:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Maybe more accurate.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<gloss>stock</gloss> +<gloss>stock (powder)</gloss>
14.	A* 2021-10-09 14:42:05 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"stoxk powder"?
13.	A* 2021-10-09 13:20:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Stock is a watery liquid. Is エキス used with that meaning? I'm not sure it is. I agree about the etymology note. Maybe this is better.
	Diff:	@@ -15,2 +15 @@ -<s_inf>abbr. of "extract", not エキストラクト</s_inf> -<lsource xml:lang="dut"/> +<s_inf>abbr. of Dutch "extract"</s_inf>
(show/hide 12 older log entries)
12.	A* 2021-10-09 05:59:36 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm not sure that etym note is really helpful, by the way.
11.	A* 2021-10-09 05:56:23 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	oft. used with this meaning 梅肉エキス　肉エキス　チキンエキス
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>stock</gloss>
10.	A 2019-04-04 00:19:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. I'll put things back and spell it out.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2168240">エキストラクト</xref> @@ -16 +15,2 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<s_inf>abbr. of "extract", not エキストラクト</s_inf> +<lsource xml:lang="dut"/>
9.	A* 2019-04-03 17:10:29 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: "(オランダ)extract（抽出物、の意）から" koj: "extract(オランダ)の略。抽出物・浸出物の意" meikyo "extract(オランダ)から。抽出物の意"
	Comments:	I'll repeat what I said before. I don't see how this can be tagged as an abbreviation when none of the dictionaries (kokugos or JEs) have an エキストラクト entry. The etymological notes in the kokugos make it quite clear that エキス is an abbreviation of "extract", not エキストラクト. By having an abbr tag, we're saying that エキス is the shortened form of エキストラクト, which isn't true. エキストラクト is also used in Japanese but it came later.
8.	A 2019-04-02 04:48:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2019-04-02 02:39:17 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	actually, never mind on the note. i see we have an x-ref to the full form which has the dutch language tag
6.	A* 2019-04-02 02:38:33 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, eiki, gg5
	Comments:	perhaps a note for the lsrc such as [note="abbr. of エキストラクト, from the Dutch \"extract\""], although it is arguably unneeded i also think the kana here are wacky. currently it's arranged the same way that we do japanese species names. but the correct way of writing this is エキス (as in all dictionaries), and 越幾斯 is ateji for エキス, so it shouldn't take a nokanji tag. i see no relevant google image hits for えきす so i am removing it, but if it's needed, it should be a secondary reading, since it's clearly much much less common than エキス
	Diff:	@@ -9,3 +8,0 @@ -<reb>えきす</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -13 +9,0 @@ -<re_nokanji/> @@ -21 +16,0 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="dut"/>
5.	A* 2019-04-02 02:26:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr: 〔エキストラクト（オランダ extract）の略〕
	Comments:	With that note in Daijirin (which I didn't notice last year) I think the abbr and xref can go back in. I also think the lsrc can be dropped here.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2168240">エキストラクト</xref> @@ -19 +20 @@ -<s_inf>abbr. of "extract"</s_inf> +<misc>&abbr;</misc>
4.	A 2018-09-27 02:27:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	リーダーズ+プラス has エキストラクト.
3.	A* 2018-09-26 23:05:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	None of my refs have エキストラクト so I don't think the x-ref or abbr tag is appropriate. It derives from "extract" but it's not an abbreviation in Japanese.
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2168240">エキストラクト</xref> @@ -20,2 +19,3 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc> -<gloss>extract (esp. of food, fruit, etc.)</gloss> +<s_inf>abbr. of "extract"</s_inf> +<lsource xml:lang="dut"/> +<gloss>extract (of plants, meat, etc.)</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:01:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:44:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	a japanese abbreviation, not a foreign one. therefore, not grg
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1029030 Active (id: 1084138)
Ｘ線 [spec1] ；エックス線 [spec1]
【エックスせん [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ X-ray

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2227140 Ｘ光線【エックスこうせん】 1. X-ray
	⇐ see: 2227130 レントゲン線【レントゲンせん】 1. X-ray
	⇐ see: 1391780 線【せん】 3. ray (e.g. X-ray); beam

History:

2.	A 2012-01-22 23:25:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:01:43 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	shouldn't be considered [gai1]
	Diff:	@@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -14,1 +14,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1038660 Active (id: 2198334)
空オケ [rK]
【からオケ；カラオケ (nokanji) [spec1,ichi1] 】

1.

[n] [uk]
《from 空 and オーケストラ》
▶ karaoke

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1245430 空桶【からおけ】 2. karaoke
	⇐ see: 2718230 徹カラ【てつカラ】 1. all-night karaoke

History:

7.	A 2022-07-25 03:37:43 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-07-25 03:32:32 Opencooper
	Refs:	G n-grams: 空オケ　 195 0.0% からオケ 3,877 0.1% カラオケ 6,860,188 99.9%
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
5.	A 2019-05-12 17:19:37 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
4.	A 2019-04-05 05:39:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2019-04-05 01:23:14 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	CLarification seems superfluous
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21 @@ -<gloss>karaoke (singing to taped accompaniment)</gloss> +<gloss>karaoke</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:01:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:07:29 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -13,1 +13,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> @@ -15,0 +14,1 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1040400 Active (id: 2083720)
ガラス張り [spec1]
【ガラスばり [spec1] 】

1.	[n,adj-no] ▶ glazing ▶ fitting with glass
2.	[n,adj-no] ▶ transparency ▶ openness ▶ lack of secrecy ▶ openness to scrutiny

History:

8.	A 2020-10-09 02:52:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2020-10-08 22:20:54 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	Noun glosses.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<gloss>glass surface</gloss> @@ -22,2 +21,4 @@ -<gloss>aboveboard</gloss> -<gloss>open to scrutiny</gloss> +<gloss>transparency</gloss> +<gloss>openness</gloss> +<gloss>lack of secrecy</gloss> +<gloss>openness to scrutiny</gloss>
6.	A 2020-10-07 22:21:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	Noun glosses
	Diff:	@@ -15,2 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>fitted with glass</gloss> -<gloss>glazed</gloss> +<gloss>glazing</gloss> +<gloss>fitting with glass</gloss>
5.	A* 2020-10-07 18:44:16
	Refs:	大辞林 https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/ガラス張りの窓
	Comments:	ガラス張りの窓 = glass window,not glass-sided window
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15,3 @@ -<gloss>glass-sided</gloss> +<gloss>fitted with glass</gloss> +<gloss>glazed</gloss> +<gloss>glass surface</gloss>
4.	A 2012-12-09 11:22:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2012-12-06 20:28:07 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, prog
	Comments:	Splitting senses.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:01:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:39:50 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1042530 Active (id: 2146571)
キリスト教 [ichi1] ；基督教 [ateji]
【キリストきょう [ichi1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Christianity

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2510780 耶蘇教【やそきょう】 1. Christianity
	⇐ see: 1868780 基教【ききょう】 1. Christianity

History:

6.	A 2021-09-13 05:31:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Neither seem to be used adjectivally.
5.	A* 2021-09-13 01:50:06 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	イスラム教 is adj-no. Should this be too? Or should イスラム教 not be?
4.	A 2020-02-11 23:19:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2020-02-11 22:35:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Don't need hiragana reading.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -13 +13,0 @@ -<re_restr>キリスト教</re_restr> @@ -15,4 +14,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>きりすときょう</reb> -<re_restr>基督教</re_restr>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:01:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:39:17 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> @@ -15,1 +14,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1047950 Active (id: 1084162)
ケーソン工法 [spec1]
【ケーソンこうほう [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ caisson method

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 03:02:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:39:00 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1056980 Active (id: 1979357)
サハラ砂漠 [spec1] ；サハラ沙漠
【サハラさばく [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Sahara Desert

History:

3.	A 2018-05-20 06:24:20 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>サハラ沙漠</keb>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:02:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Probably should be enamdict.
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:38:45 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> @@ -14,1 +14,1 @@ -<gloss>Sahara desert</gloss> +<gloss>Sahara Desert</gloss>

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jmdict 1059040 Active (id: 2167333)
蝲蛄 [rK] ；蜊蛄 [oK] ；躄蟹 [oK]
【ざりがに；ザリガニ (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ crayfish (esp. Japanese crayfish, Cambaroides japonicus or red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii)
▶ crawfish

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2259260 【ニホンザリガニ】 1. Japanese crayfish (Cambaroides japonicus)
	⇒ see: 1925920 【アメリカザリガニ】 1. red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

History:

7.	A 2021-12-02 09:46:54 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -6 +6 @@ -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2017-03-03 11:01:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yabbies are specifically Australian.
	Diff:	@@ -31,2 +30,0 @@ -<gloss>yabbies</gloss> -<gloss>freshwater lobsters</gloss>
5.	A* 2017-02-19 15:23:56 Scott
	Refs:	wiki
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>躄蟹</keb> @@ -25,0 +30,3 @@ +<gloss>crawfish</gloss> +<gloss>yabbies</gloss> +<gloss>freshwater lobsters</gloss>
4.	A 2012-09-30 11:44:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2012-09-27 07:33:34 Marcus
	Refs:	daijs, 季語・季題辞典, wiki http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ザリガ� %8B
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,4 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>蜊蛄</keb> @@ -18,0 +22,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2259260">ニホンザリガニ</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1925920">アメリカザリガニ</xref> @@ -19,1 +25,1 @@ -<gloss>crayfish (esp. Japanese crayfish, Cambaroides japonicus)</gloss> +<gloss>crayfish (esp. Japanese crayfish, Cambaroides japonicus or red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:03:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:08:43 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1059070 Active (id: 1156533)
シーア派 [spec1]
【シーアは [spec1] 】

1.

[n] Source lang: ara "Shi'a"
▶ Shia (Islam)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2585900 スンニ派 1. Sunni (Islam); Sunnah
	⇐ see: 2111510 スンナ派【スンナは】 1. Sunni (Islam)

History:

6.	A 2014-04-23 04:19:41 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	okay. well i'll make the change to スンニ派 as well
5.	A* 2014-04-23 04:13:14 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	I think it's not a sect as much as it's a branch - but the expression "Shia Islam" isn't uncommon so I thought "(Islam)" by itself would be enough. _ スンニ is more common than スンナ
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2111510">スンナ派</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2585900">スンニ派</xref>
4.	A* 2014-04-23 03:18:40 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	why remove this? whatever is done here should also be done to スンナ派.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2111510">スンナ派</xref>
3.	A* 2014-04-23 02:33:36 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<gloss>Shia (sect of Islam)</gloss> +<gloss>Shia (Islam)</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:03:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:37:10 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,1 @@ +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -9,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1061740 Active (id: 2053803)
シャボン玉 [spec1] ；しゃぼん玉
【シャボンだま (シャボン玉) [spec1] ；しゃぼんだま (しゃぼん玉) 】

1.

[n]
▶ soap bubble

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2842385 石鹸玉【せっけんだま】 2. soap bubble

History:

9.	A 2019-12-13 01:30:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK, I'll drop the 石鹸玉 and close it. I've proposed a 石鹸玉/せっけんだま entry.
	Diff:	@@ -10,3 +9,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>石鹸玉</keb>
8.	A* 2019-12-09 23:07:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	石鹸玉 722 石けん玉 213 https://blog.goo.ne.jp/take10nbo/e/02aff32bb5b03b6e193a66668c7144e3 - picture with both 石鹸玉 and シャボン玉 captions. https://ja.pngtree.com/freepng/transparent-soap-bubbles_488041.html - soap bubbles labelled 透明石鹸玉
	Comments:	Yes, 石鹸玉 is quite an outlier, and as the n-grams show, it's quite possibly often せっけんだま rather than しゃぼんだま. That said, I'm seeing some images of soap bubbles labelled 石鹸玉, as well as cases where they are plainly soap balls. What I suggest is adding a new 石鹸玉/石けん玉/せっけんだま entry with two senses: soap balls and soap bubbles, with the bubble sense xrefed to here with a note like "occ. read しゃぼん玉". Would that work?
7.	A* 2019-12-09 18:32:36 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams: シャボン玉 = 504440 石鹸玉 = 722
	Comments:	relatively speaking, this form is extremely rare (~0.1%). in addition, google image hits for 石鹸玉 are mostly not of soap bubbles, but of soap balls or seemingly irrelevant things, so it is arguably not that common absolutely either. further, there's no indication how often 石鹸玉 is expected to be read as シャボンだま without providing furigana. i'm inclined to reject
6.	A* 2019-12-09 14:07:54 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://headlines.yahoo.co.jp/hl?a=20191209-00010013-magacol-life&p=1
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>石鹸玉</keb>
5.	A 2015-09-20 10:45:34 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2015-09-20 09:35:34 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Oops!
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<reb>しゃぼんたま</reb> +<reb>しゃぼんだま</reb>
3.	A* 2015-09-20 09:26:15 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	KM ngrams: シャボン玉 9399 しゃぼん玉 1070
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>しゃぼん玉</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -9,0 +13 @@ +<re_restr>シャボン玉</re_restr> @@ -10,0 +15,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>しゃぼんたま</reb> +<re_restr>しゃぼん玉</re_restr>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:03:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:38:22 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1062070 Active (id: 1084169)
シュタイナー学校
【シュタイナーがっこう】

1.

[n]
▶ Steiner school

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 03:04:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dropped it.
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +9,0 @@ -<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:38:00 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo. i doubt the usage tag is needed at all
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1064250 Active (id: 1084170)
ジェット機 [ichi1]
【ジェットき [ichi1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ jet aeroplane
▶ jet airplane

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 03:04:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:36:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> @@ -11,1 +10,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1074160 Active (id: 1084171)
スワヒリ語 [spec1]
【スワヒリご [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Swahili (language)
▶ Kiswahili

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 03:05:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:36:37 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1074320 Active (id: 1084173)
セーラー服 [spec1]
【セーラーふく [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ sailor suit
▶ middy uniform

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 03:06:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:36:24 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1075680 Active (id: 2174877)
ソ連 [spec1] ；蘇連
【ソれん [spec1] 】

1.

[n] [hist,abbr]
▶ Soviet Union
▶ USSR

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2144600 ソビエト連邦 1. Soviet Union; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; USSR

History:

8.	A 2022-01-19 11:29:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<re_restr>ソ連</re_restr> @@ -15,4 +13,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>それん</reb> -<re_restr>蘇連</re_restr> @@ -22 +17 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2144600">ソビエト連邦・ソビエトれんぽう</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2144600">ソビエト連邦</xref> @@ -26 +20,0 @@ -<gloss>Union of Soviet Socialist Republics</gloss>
7.	A 2022-01-18 13:24:48 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<misc>&hist;</misc>
6.	A 2015-11-29 11:59:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2015-11-29 09:23:47 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	KM ngrams ソ連 72916 ソ連の 16880 日本 6455718 日本の 1239987
	Comments:	Despite the ngrams, it seems silly to have adj-no on country names.
	Diff:	@@ -22 +22 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2144600">ソビエト連邦・ソビエトれんぽう</xref>
4.	A 2015-11-28 22:31:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I guess so.
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2015-11-28 15:47:07 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"(former)" seems unnecessary. And there is 旧ソ連 if you really want say "former".
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<gloss>(former) Soviet Union</gloss> +<gloss>Soviet Union</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:06:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:35:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -14,1 +14,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1077020 Active (id: 1971113)
ダウ平均株価 [spec1]
【ダウへいきんかぶか [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Dow-Jones average (New York Stock Exchange)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2834621 ニューヨークダウ 1. Dow-Jones average (New York Stock Exchange)
	⇐ see: 2834620 ＮＹダウ【エヌワイダウ】 1. Dow-Jones average (New York Stock Exchange)

History:

3.	A 2018-02-09 23:52:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>Dow-Jones average</gloss> +<gloss>Dow-Jones average (New York Stock Exchange)</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:07:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:35:04 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1077270 Active (id: 1153985)
断トツ
【だんトツ；ダントツ (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.

[n,adj-no] [uk,abbr,sl]
《from 断然 + トップ》
▶ far and away the best
▶ the very best
▶ cream of the crop
▶ crème de la crème
▶ decisive lead
▶ commanding lead

History:

4.	A 2014-03-09 22:08:47 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	1) please avoid expl glosses when there are perfectly good and widely understood english translations provided. 2) is it really necessary to have two senses here? there is no difference in meaning between its usage as a noun and its usage as an adjective. in addition, everything placed in the second sense was an ~adverb~, not an ~adjective~ 3) 'decisive lead' is fine -i think this entry was mostly fine as it was. swapping the order of readings to match our usual style for handling nokanji
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>だんトツ</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -12,3 +14,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>だんトツ</reb> -</r_ele> @@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -25 +26 @@ -<gloss>unquestionably 1st ranking</gloss> +<gloss>decisive lead</gloss> @@ -27,16 +27,0 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">being 1st class or position among a group of people or things with a great distance from the others</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="1419690">断然</xref> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<misc>&abbr;</misc> -<misc>&sl;</misc> -<s_inf>same meaning of 断然 when used as adj</s_inf> -<gloss>far and away</gloss> -<gloss>by far</gloss> -<gloss>unquestionably</gloss> -<gloss>definitely</gloss> -<gloss>absolutely</gloss> -<gloss>firmly</gloss>
3.	A* 2014-03-09 20:18:52 Jacopo Tedeschi <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	英辞郎 http://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=断トツデジタル大辞泉「2位以下とは大きな差をつけて首位にある状態をいう俗語。」 http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/leaf/jn2/140477/m0u/ Very good explanation here: 日本語俗語辞書 http://zokugo-dict.com/16ta/dantotu.htm 『断トツ』の解説「断トツとは「ずばぬけて」「絶対に」といった意味の『断然』と、「1位」「頂点」といった意味の『トップ』から成る言葉で、2位以下を大きく引き離してのトップ、またはそういった状態にあることを言う。レース（競争）を中心とするスポーツ、売上げ、人気など、順位付け出来るあらゆる事象の中で、2位以下を大きく引き離した様を表して使用する。また、冒頭の語源でも解説した通り、断トツはそれ自体がトップの意を含んでいる。しかし、断トツ１位、断トツで速い、断トツの人気といったように、断然（「とびぬけて」の意）と同意に使われることも多い。」
	Comments:	Can you really say "decisive lead" in this meaning?? I'd think a "decisive lead" is an important lead inside an investigation. I changed it to commanding lead as it appears in 英辞郎. Actually I am not quite sure "uk" to be right. It is often used in Katakana, but it is still quite used in Kanji, as far as I came to see. I hope my usage of the tag "note" is fine.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> @@ -18 +16,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -20,0 +19 @@ +<misc>&sl;</misc> @@ -22 +20,0 @@ -<gloss>the best</gloss> @@ -24 +22,21 @@ -<gloss>decisive lead</gloss> +<gloss>the very best</gloss> +<gloss>cream of the crop</gloss> +<gloss>crème de la crème</gloss> +<gloss>unquestionably 1st ranking</gloss> +<gloss>commanding lead</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">being 1st class or position among a group of people or things with a great distance from the others</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1419690">断然</xref> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<misc>&sl;</misc> +<s_inf>same meaning of 断然 when used as adj</s_inf> +<gloss>far and away</gloss> +<gloss>by far</gloss> +<gloss>unquestionably</gloss> +<gloss>definitely</gloss> +<gloss>absolutely</gloss> +<gloss>firmly</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:07:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:12:46 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1077750 Active (id: 2167314)
禿び [rK]
【ちび [spec1] ；チビ (nokanji) 】

1.	[n] [uk,sens] ▶ small child ▶ pipsqueak ▶ small fry ▶ small, cute versions of manga, anime, etc. characters, typically with oversized heads
2.	[n] [sens,uk] ▶ short person ▶ midget ▶ dwarf
3.	[n] [uk] ▶ small animal ▶ runt
4.	[pref] [uk] ▶ worn down (pencil, etc.)

History:

5.	A 2021-12-02 09:18:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	禿び 338 ちび 3542942
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -33,0 +35 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -38,0 +41 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
4.	A 2012-09-07 11:44:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, "sens" is better.
3.	A* 2012-09-06 16:19:56 Marcus
	Refs:	senses 1 and 2 seem like they could be merged. vulg can't be right?
	Diff:	@@ -26,1 +26,2 @@ -<misc>&vulg;</misc> +<misc>&sens;</misc> +<misc>&uk;</misc>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:45:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:07:07 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -9,1 +9,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1081410 Active (id: 1084180)
データ通信 [spec1]
【データつうしん [spec1] 】

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ data communication

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 03:45:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:34:18 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1087670 Active (id: 1937775)
ト長調 [spec1]
【トちょうちょう [spec1] 】

1.

[n] {music}
▶ G major

History:

4.	A 2016-10-20 09:56:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-10-20 05:05:00 Kenji Otoi
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<field>&music;</field>
2.	A 2012-01-23 03:45:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:34:04 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1088930 Active (id: 1084182)
ドラ息子 [spec1] ；どら息子
【ドラむすこ (ドラ息子) [spec1] ；どらむすこ (どら息子) 】

1.

[n]
▶ lazy son
▶ profligate son

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 03:47:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>どら息子</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -10,0 +13,1 @@ +<re_restr>ドラ息子</re_restr> @@ -11,0 +15,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>どらむすこ</reb> +<re_restr>どら息子</re_restr>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:33:34 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1091970 Deleted (id: 1084183)
ニューヨーク州 [spec1]
【ニューヨークしゅう [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ New York State

History:

2.	D 2012-01-23 03:50:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Moved to enamdict.
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:33:00 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo. should this even be in edict itself?
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1093590 Active (id: 1147646)
ノーベル賞 [ichi1]
【ノーベルしょう [ichi1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Nobel Prize

History:

4.	A 2013-09-25 14:14:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-09-25 04:54:21 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,1 @@ -<gloss>Nobel prize</gloss> +<gloss>Nobel Prize</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:16:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:32:33 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> @@ -11,1 +10,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1095380 Active (id: 1084135)

ハイビスカス [gai1] ；ヒビスカス

1.

[n]
▶ hibiscus

History:

2.	A 2012-01-22 23:23:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 21:46:02 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	merge
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ヒビスカス</reb> +</r_ele>

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jmdict 1096580 Active (id: 1144929)
ハンセン病 [spec1]
【ハンセンびょう [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Hansen's disease
▶ leprosy

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1569700 癩病【らいびょう】 1. Hansen's disease; leprosy

History:

4.	A 2013-08-12 12:08:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I can't find it now, but some years ago someone located a list of word that were deemed "sensitive" by NHK, and were not to be used on-air in an unqualified way. I think this was one of them. I have no issue with removing the tag.
3.	A* 2013-08-10 05:21:26 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	I doubt it's sens http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/国立ハ� %B3%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E7%97%85%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E9%A4%A8
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,0 @@ -<misc>&sens;</misc>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:17:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:32:15 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1098580 Active (id: 1084244)
バス停 [ichi1]
【バスてい [ichi1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ bus stop

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2848346 バス停留所【バスていりゅうじょ】 1. bus stop

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:17:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:31:43 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> @@ -11,1 +10,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1099570 Active (id: 1084246)
バベルの塔 [spec1]
【バベルのとう [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Tower of Babel

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:17:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:27:31 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1103500 Active (id: 2214878)
パン粉 [spec1]
【パンこ [spec1] 】

1.	[n] ▶ breadcrumbs ▶ panko
2.	[n] ▶ bread flour

History:

6.	A 2022-12-02 22:18:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I've split it off.
	Diff:	@@ -20,8 +19,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<misc>&sl;</misc> -<misc>&vulg;</misc> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>slut</gloss> -<gloss>whore</gloss>
5.	A* 2022-11-30 21:28:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Good point. This sense seems to be usually written パンコ. I think it should be a separate entry.
4.	A* 2022-11-30 14:36:26
	Comments:	it's not written パン粉 is it?
3.	A* 2022-11-30 11:45:28 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	http://zokugo-dict.com/26ha/panko.htm https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1490275724 https://www.reddit.com/r/japanlife/comments/z7vnni/comment/iy9f57h/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,8 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&sl;</misc> +<misc>&vulg;</misc> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>slut</gloss> +<gloss>whore</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:17:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:26:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1107080 Active (id: 2272898)
ピン撥ね [rK]
【ピンはね；ピンハネ (nokanji)；ぴんはね [sk] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt,vi] [uk]
▶ taking a cut (of someone else's money)
▶ taking a rake-off
▶ pocketing a kickback
▶ skimming (a percentage of the profits, proceeds, etc.)

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2023-07-14 14:48:23 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think it needs to be visible. The kokugos only have ピン. ピン撥ね is in the kokugos. Should be rK.
	Diff:	@@ -6 +6 @@ -<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<reb>ぴんはね</reb> +<reb>ピンハネ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> @@ -15,2 +16,2 @@ -<reb>ピンハネ</reb> -<re_nokanji/> +<reb>ぴんはね</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
8.	A* 2023-07-13 23:35:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ぴんはね 143 0.3% < GG5 ピンはね 14324 27.3% ピン撥ね 507 1.0% ぴん撥ね 0 0.0% ピンハネ 37553 71.5%
	Comments:	From rejected 2858369. ぴんはね is the GG5 entry but I'm not sure it's needed,
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -8,0 +10,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ぴんはね</reb>
7.	A 2021-11-06 01:01:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2021-11-05 23:36:47 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo
	Comments:	not common in ngrams, doesn't deserve spec1
	Diff:	@@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> @@ -17,0 +17,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
5.	A 2019-02-05 00:53:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2019-02-04 23:57:46 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr: 他人の手に渡るべき金銭などの一部を取って自分のものとすること。うわまえをはねること。「手数料として半額を―された」 gg5
	Comments:	I don't think it refers to the money itself. Probably don't need col here.
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19,4 @@ -<misc>&col;</misc> -<gloss>(taking a) kickback</gloss> +<gloss>taking a cut (of someone else's money)</gloss> +<gloss>taking a rake-off</gloss> +<gloss>pocketing a kickback</gloss> +<gloss>skimming (a percentage of the profits, proceeds, etc.)</gloss>
3.	A 2016-11-09 10:24:24 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: ピン撥ね 507 ピンはね 14324 ピンハネ 37553
	Diff:	@@ -9 +8,0 @@ -<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> @@ -13,0 +13 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:17:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:22:28 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -9,1 +9,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1111590 Active (id: 1084249)
フランス語 [spec1]
【フランスご [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ French (language)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2735360 フラ語【フラご】 1. French language (esp. as a college class)

History:

3.	A 2012-01-23 10:18:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A 2012-01-23 01:09:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:21:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1113680 Active (id: 1084250)
ブラウン管 [spec1]
【ブラウンかん [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ cathode-ray tube
▶ CRT
▶ Braun tube

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:18:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:21:40 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1115120 Active (id: 2056860)
プー太郎；ぷー太郎；風太郎
【ぷうたろう (風太郎)；プーたろう (プー太郎)；ふうたろう (風太郎)；ぷーたろう (ぷー太郎)；プータロー (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.	[n] [col] ▶ unemployed person ▶ vagabond ▶ floater ▶ vagrant
2.	(風太郎 only) [n] ▶ day labourer (esp. on the docks)

History:

7.	A 2020-01-22 11:10:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2020-01-22 07:24:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij
	Diff:	@@ -36 +35,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -39,5 +37,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<misc>&col;</misc> @@ -51 +45 @@ -<gloss>day labourer, esp. on the docks</gloss> +<gloss>day labourer (esp. on the docks)</gloss>
5.	A 2014-04-21 23:39:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2014-04-21 12:47:48 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	discussed with the native speaker who told me to be プー太郎 for day, they didn't agree that it could mean 暇人 but just "unemployed person"
	Diff:	@@ -44,6 +43,0 @@ -<gloss>idling</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<misc>&col;</misc>
3.	A* 2014-04-21 10:20:09 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	ngrams プー太郎 44169 ぷー太郎 8146 風太郎 103800 but most hits for 風太郎 on google and twitter are for 山田風太郎 etc. http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/プータ�% 83%AD%E3%83%BC http://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/2355888.html http://homepage2.nifty.com/osiete/s528.htm some usage examples from twitter: "ねーむたーーい (_ _).｡o○ がんばって覚えて早く寝よ！！明日から学校もちゃんと行くしぷー太郎脱出！ぐだぐだしやんぞ！" "ミスドで暇人ぷー太郎。雨降ってるから家に帰るの面倒だな〜カフェオレおかわり自由に甘えちゃう(´-ω-｀)" "朝5時前頃寝て、昼11時頃に起きる生活ぷー太郎って言われた。確かに。そろそろ転職考えようかな。" "植木屋やりたい人いませんかー仕事は俺が一から十まで優しく優しく優しく教えますよ友達にぷー太郎がいる人、仕事探してる人、自然を愛してやまない人、日本の庭が好きな人、など特に興味なくてもいいですよろしくお願いします☻" "今日給料日💸💸 あんま使わないよーにしよ😂☝️ 先月ちょっとがんばったらいつもより2万くらい高かった💕 働くって大変、ほんと。来月以降はまじめになる。だから今月はぷー太郎になる🐷💕 メリハリ大事！ちから！笑" "俺も久振りに。一日の大半を寝て過ごしてるぷー太郎だ。" "10代から20代にかけて、不安だらけだった。未来が見えないし、自分の進もうとしている道だってまったく見えていなかった。そんなものなかった。お利口な人たちはちゃんと就職していたし、教師になるのを望んでいた父は、ぷー太郎になった私に落胆の目を向けていた。友人と話せるのが救いだった。"
	Comments:	I've been told "あしたプー太郎しといて" meaning "stay at home and take it easy"
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>風太郎</keb> +<keb>プー太郎</keb> @@ -8 +8,4 @@ -<keb>プー太郎</keb> +<keb>ぷー太郎</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>風太郎</keb> @@ -22,0 +26,4 @@ +<reb>ぷーたろう</reb> +<re_restr>ぷー太郎</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -28,0 +36,13 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<gloss>unemployed person</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<gloss>idling</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -34,0 +55 @@ +<stagk>風太郎</stagk>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2012-01-23 01:08:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:11:31 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -25,1 +25,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1119780 Active (id: 1084251)
ベニヤ板 [spec1]
【ベニヤいた [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ plywood

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2688770 コンポジットパネル 1. plywood panel; veneer board

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:18:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:21:23 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1121610 Active (id: 1084252)
ペン先 [spec1]
【ペンさき [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ pen nibs

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:18:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:21:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1123880 Active (id: 2204168)
釦 [ateji,rK] ；鈕 [ateji,rK]
【ボタン [gai1,ichi1] 】

1.	[n] [uk] Source lang: por "botão" ▶ button (clothing)
2.	[n] [uk] ▶ push-button ▶ button

History:

12.	A 2022-08-15 23:06:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK with me.
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
11.	A* 2022-08-15 21:38:20 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think 釦 should be rK. We have plenty of other rK-tagged forms that you're far more likely to encounter.
10.	A 2022-07-13 03:46:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The clothing button sense has more example sentences. GG5 has that order too.
9.	A* 2022-07-13 00:08:29 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	鈕を押し 0 0.0% 釦を押し 1306 0.0% ボタンを押し 10129063 100.0% 鈕をつけて 0 0.0% 釦をつけて 83 0.9% ボタンをつけて 8675 99.1%
	Comments:	Strictly speaking 釦 should be tagged rK too but OTOH I feel I come across it once in a while (unlike say, the full ateji country forms) Also shouldn't pudh-button come first?
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>鈕</keb> +<keb>釦</keb> @@ -9 +9 @@ -<keb>釦</keb> +<keb>鈕</keb> @@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -26,0 +28 @@ +<gloss>button</gloss>
8.	A 2021-03-26 01:28:25 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm not seeing any support for the previous "kanji is only used for push-buttons" note in the kokugos so I think [uk] on both senses should be fine.
	Diff:	@@ -26 +25,0 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="eng">button</lsource>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A* 2021-03-26 00:57:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Nikk: (1) (ポルトガルbotão)衣類などの合わせ目を留めるのに用いるもの。 .... (2) (英button)指で押してベルを鳴らしたり、... For sense 2 明鏡国語辞典 says "英語 button からとも。" Koj and Daijirin/sen all just say it's Portuguese.
	Comments:	An oops on the ateji tag. I forgot we labelled those gairaigo-derived kanji that way. 粁 and 糎 are other examples. I find the idea that ボタン, i.e."botan" is from English rather weird. A derivation from "button" would more likely be バトン. Also 明鏡's "からとも" implies it's from two sources, which is unlikely. I suggest dropping that lsrc from sense 2.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -8,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
6.	A* 2021-03-25 23:10:47
	Comments:	nikkoku
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24 @@ +<lsource xml:lang="eng">button</lsource>
5.	A* 2021-03-25 22:57:16
	Refs:	"kanji is only used for push-buttons" not sense 1. How come the kanji aren't ateji? It's a Portuguese word.
4.	A 2021-03-25 22:05:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The single kanji are not ateji.
	Diff:	@@ -5,2 +5 @@ -<keb>釦</keb> -<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> +<keb>鈕</keb> @@ -9,2 +8 @@ -<keb>鈕</keb> -<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> +<keb>釦</keb> @@ -18,0 +17 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -20 +19 @@ -<gloss>button (on clothing)</gloss> +<gloss>button (clothing)</gloss>
3.	A* 2021-03-25 13:49:26
	Refs:	Daijrin
	Comments:	Sense 1 should be "always kana" but [restr=ボタン] didn't work
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -8,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -12 +13,0 @@ -<re_nokanji/> @@ -16,3 +17,5 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>ぼたん</reb> -</r_ele> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<lsource xml:lang="por">botão</lsource> +<gloss>button (on clothing)</gloss> +</sense> @@ -22,3 +25 @@ -<s_inf>kanji is only used for push-buttons</s_inf> -<lsource xml:lang="por">botão</lsource> -<gloss>button</gloss> +<gloss>push-button</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-22 23:27:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:10:27 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -23,1 +23,1 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="por">bota~o</lsource> +<lsource xml:lang="por">botão</lsource>

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jmdict 1131230 Active (id: 1084253)
ミドル級 [spec1]
【ミドルきゅう [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ middleweight class

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:18:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:20:39 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1139330 Active (id: 2206266)
ラテン語 [spec1] ；拉丁語 [ateji,rK] ；羅甸語 [ateji,rK] ；羅典語 [ateji,rK]
【ラテンご [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Latin (language)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2856135 羅語【らご】 1. Latin (language)
	⇐ see: 1139300 拉丁【ラテン】 1. Latin (language)
	⇐ see: 2856148 羅【ら】 1. Latin (language)

History:

7.	A 2022-08-26 21:03:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2022-08-26 14:29:19 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ラテン語 306404 99.7% 拉丁語 448 0.1% 羅甸語 317 0.1% 羅典語 76 0.0%
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,2 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -12,0 +15,2 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -15,0 +20,2 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -19 +24,0 @@ -<re_restr>ラテン語</re_restr> @@ -21,6 +25,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>らてんご</reb> -<re_restr>拉丁語</re_restr> -<re_restr>羅甸語</re_restr> -<re_restr>羅典語</re_restr>
5.	A 2021-09-13 02:06:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -30 +29,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
4.	A 2016-08-22 22:51:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: ラテン語 306404 羅甸語 317 拉丁語 448 羅典語 76
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9 @@ -<keb>羅甸語</keb> +<keb>拉丁語</keb> @@ -12 +12 @@ -<keb>拉丁語</keb> +<keb>羅甸語</keb> @@ -23,0 +24 @@ +<re_restr>拉丁語</re_restr> @@ -25 +25,0 @@ -<re_restr>拉丁語</re_restr>
3.	A* 2016-08-22 13:50:02 Mislav Blažević <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	1139300 has 羅典
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>羅典語</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -22,0 +26 @@ +<re_restr>羅典語</re_restr> @@ -27 +31 @@ -<gloss>Latin</gloss> +<gloss>Latin (language)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:19:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:19:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -17,1 +17,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1146810 Active (id: 2155900)
ローマ字 [ichi1] ；羅馬字 [ateji,rK]
【ローマじ [ichi1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Latin alphabet
▶ Roman alphabet

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2148270 ラテン文字 1. Latin alphabet; Latin character
	⇐ see: 2148280 洋字【ようじ】 1. characters used by Western civilization (esp. the Latin alphabet)

2.

[n]
▶ romaji
▶ romanized Japanese
▶ [expl] system of transliterating Japanese into the Latin alphabet

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2148250 ローマ字綴り 1. romanization (representation of foreign words using the Roman alphabet); romanized spelling

History:

12.	A 2021-11-06 03:03:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ローマ字 618054 羅馬字 937
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
11.	A 2021-08-12 09:41:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2148270">ラテン文字・ラテンもじ</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2148270">ラテン文字</xref>
10.	A 2021-08-11 04:30:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Either way.
9.	A* 2021-08-11 03:45:57 Opencooper
	Refs:	* OED: https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/romaji * M-W: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Romaji * Collins: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/romaji * Macmillan: https://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/american/romaji
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25 @@ -<gloss>rōmaji</gloss> +<gloss>romaji</gloss>
8.	A 2019-07-07 11:55:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I could go either way.
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25 @@ -<gloss>romaji</gloss> +<gloss>rōmaji</gloss>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A* 2019-07-06 14:34:44 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: 古代ローマ人がラテン語を表記するのに用いた表音文字。その後もヨーロッパを中心に多くの国語を表記するのに用いられている。ラテン文字。 daijr: ラテン語を表記する文字。ギリシャ文字に由来する音素文字で、現在、各文字体系中最も普及し国際性をもつ。本来のアルファベットは二四文字であったが、現在ではこれに J と W を加えた二六文字が用いられる。ラテン文字。 mypedia: 一般に，英語のアルファベット26字をさし，ローマ人の使ったラテン文字に由来する。... nikk: 〘名〙ラテン語の文字。 ... gg5: "rōmaji; a method of writing Japanese in Roman letters; Japanese transliterated into the Roman alphabet", but they only have one sense. jawiki: "ローマ字（ローマじ）は、仮名をラテン文字に転写する際の規則全般（ローマ字表記法）、またはラテン文字で表記された日本語（ローマ字綴りの日本語）を表す。"
	Comments:	I think "Latin alphabet" should come first, based on the kokugos. The 2 xrefs leading here will have to be updated if this goes through.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> @@ -16,0 +18,7 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2148270">ラテン文字・ラテンもじ</xref> +<gloss>Latin alphabet</gloss> +<gloss>Roman alphabet</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2148250">ローマ字綴り</xref> @@ -21,6 +28,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="2148270">ラテン文字・ラテンもじ</xref> -<gloss>Latin alphabet</gloss> -<gloss>Roman alphabet</gloss> -</sense>
6.	A 2018-07-21 22:05:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2018-07-21 17:27:05 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	羅馬 is ateji. We don't need the ろーまじ reading.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<re_restr>ローマ字</re_restr> @@ -15,4 +13,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ろーまじ</reb> -<re_restr>羅馬字</re_restr> @@ -23,3 +18,2 @@ -<gloss>romanization</gloss> -<gloss>romanisation</gloss> -<gloss g_type="expl">transliteration of Japanese in Latin or "Roman" letters</gloss> +<gloss>romanized Japanese</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">system of transliterating Japanese into the Latin alphabet</gloss>
4.	A 2016-08-26 12:42:06 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-08-23 01:29:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, ルミナス, etc.
	Comments:	Most refs have one sense or the other.
	Diff:	@@ -22,2 +22 @@ -<gloss>Latin alphabet</gloss> -<gloss>transliteration of Japanese in "Roman" or Latin letters</gloss> +<gloss>romaji</gloss> @@ -26 +25,7 @@ -<gloss>romaji</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">transliteration of Japanese in Latin or "Roman" letters</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2148270">ラテン文字・ラテンもじ</xref> +<gloss>Latin alphabet</gloss> +<gloss>Roman alphabet</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:19:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:18:46 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	ローマ is gairaigo, ローマ字 is not. spec1/ichi1 should suffice for these entries
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> @@ -15,1 +14,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1148640 Rejected (id: 1939180)
ワイシャツ [spec1,ichi1]
【ワイシャツ [spec1,ichi1] 】

1.

[n] [uk,abbr] Source lang: eng(wasei) "white shirt"
▶ shirt
▶ business shirt
▶ dress shirt

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2223220 ホワイトシャツ 1. white shirt

History:

6.	R 2016-11-14 11:16:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Do not make an edit like this with no references or reason.
5.	A* 2016-11-13 20:53:34
	Diff:	@@ -5,3 +5 @@ -<keb>Ｙシャツ</keb> -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> +<keb>ワイシャツ</keb>
4.	A 2016-11-08 05:31:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-11-08 05:30:14 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri>
2.	A 2012-01-22 23:26:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I tagged it "gai" because it was in katakana. I agree though.
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:17:44 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	i don't think wasei eigo should be considered gairaigo.
	Diff:	@@ -10,1 +10,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1148640 Active (id: 2101182)
Ｙシャツ [spec1,ichi1]
【ワイシャツ [spec1,ichi1] 】

1.

[n] [uk] Source lang: eng "white shirt"
▶ (formal) shirt
▶ dress shirt
▶ business shirt
▶ button-up shirt

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2223220 ホワイトシャツ 2. (formal) shirt; dress shirt
	⇐ see: 1037600 カッターシャツ 1. (formal) shirt; dress shirt; business shirt

History:

6.	A 2021-04-26 20:50:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2021-04-26 16:11:45 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj
	Comments:	The refs don't describe it as an abbreviation or wasei. It's a corruption of ホワイトシャツ (which always refers to a white shirt).
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2223220">ホワイトシャツ</xref> @@ -18,3 +17,3 @@ -<misc>&abbr;</misc> -<lsource ls_wasei="y">white shirt</lsource> -<gloss>shirt</gloss> +<lsource xml:lang="eng">white shirt</lsource> +<gloss>(formal) shirt</gloss> +<gloss>dress shirt</gloss> @@ -22 +21 @@ -<gloss>dress shirt</gloss> +<gloss>button-up shirt</gloss>
4.	A 2016-11-08 05:31:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-11-08 05:30:14 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri>
2.	A 2012-01-22 23:26:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I tagged it "gai" because it was in katakana. I agree though.
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:17:44 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	i don't think wasei eigo should be considered gairaigo.
	Diff:	@@ -10,1 +10,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1149840 Active (id: 2292101)
アメリカ合衆国 [spec1] ；亜米利加合衆国 [sK] ；亜墨利加合衆国 [sK]
【アメリカがっしゅうこく [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ United States of America

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2676310 ＵＳＡ【ユー・エス・エー】 1. United States of America; USA
	⇐ see: 1591010 合衆国【がっしゅうこく】 2. United States of America
	⇐ see: 1149830 亜米利加【アメリカ】 1. (United States of) America; United States; US; USA

History:

8.	A 2024-02-19 00:01:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Given the minuscule n-gram counts and the fact we have those kanji forms on the アメリカ entry, I probably wouldn't have bothered adding them here. Harmless, though.
7.	A 2024-02-18 18:22:04 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ アメリカ合衆国　　　　 │ 626,181 │ 99.9% │ │ 亜米利加合衆国　　　　 │ 423 │ 0.1% │ - add, sK │ 亜墨利加合衆国　　　　 │ 75 │ 0.0% │ - add, sK │ あめりか合衆国　　　　 │ 21 │ 0.0% │ │ アメリカがっしゅうこく │ 284 │ 0.0% │ ╰─ーーーーーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,8 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>亜米利加合衆国</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>亜墨利加合衆国</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2021-08-12 03:48:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, provided 合衆国 is clear.
5.	A* 2021-08-11 13:34:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think we need the ateji outside of the main アメリカ entry
	Diff:	@@ -7,3 +6,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>亜米利加合衆国</keb>
4.	A 2012-01-23 10:20:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2012-01-22 22:42:39 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -13,1 +13,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2.	A 2011-07-02 06:02:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -17,1 +17,1 @@ -<gloss>the United States of America</gloss> +<gloss>United States of America</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-07-02 00:01:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Simplifies this one a lot.
	Diff:	@@ -13,1 +13,0 @@ -<re_restr>アメリカ合衆国</re_restr> @@ -15,4 +14,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>あめりかがっしゅうこく</reb> -<re_restr>亜米利加合衆国</re_restr>

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jmdict 1336770 Active (id: 1963677)
重役 [ichi1,news1,nf17]
【じゅうやく [ichi1,news1,nf17] ；おもやく [ok] 】

1.	(じゅうやく only) [n] ▶ (company) director ▶ executive ▶ top management
2.	[n] ▶ important post ▶ role with heavy responsibilities

History:

4.	A 2017-11-13 07:38:19 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2017-11-06 22:00:05 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5
	Comments:	Splitting. おもやく doesn't apply to sense 1.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf> @@ -19,0 +21 @@ +<stagr>じゅうやく</stagr> @@ -21 +23,2 @@ -<gloss>company director</gloss> +<gloss>(company) director</gloss> +<gloss>executive</gloss> @@ -23,2 +26,5 @@ -<gloss>high executive</gloss> -<gloss>(person with) heavy responsibilities</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>important post</gloss> +<gloss>role with heavy responsibilities</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:21:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 15:38:48 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Wording – clarify company director to start.
	Diff:	@@ -21,1 +21,2 @@ -<gloss>director</gloss> +<gloss>company director</gloss> +<gloss>top management</gloss>

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jmdict 1369900 Active (id: 2227935)
塵；芥 [rK]
【ごみ [ichi1,news2,nf36] ；ゴミ (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ rubbish
▶ trash
▶ garbage
▶ refuse
▶ litter

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2835259 カスゴミ 1. lamestream media; mainstream media
	⇐ see: 2162230 マスゴミ 1. mainstream media; lamestream media

History:

8.	A 2023-04-05 02:00:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK, I'll make it an entry. GG5 has 芥 here.
	Diff:	@@ -21,4 +20,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>あくた</reb> -<re_restr>芥</re_restr>
7.	A* 2023-04-05 01:20:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ゴミを捨て 59,000 芥を捨て 0 ゴミが 526,749 芥が 488
	Comments:	Meikyo and shinmeikai have "古風な言い方" for あくた. Sankoku tags it as 文. I think it should be a separate [dated] entry.
	Diff:	@@ -6,3 +5,0 @@ -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>nf36</ke_pri> @@ -11,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2023-04-03 23:11:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-04-03 20:47:20 dom <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wisdom
	Diff:	@@ -34,0 +35 @@ +<gloss>litter</gloss>
4.	A 2016-11-09 10:26:02 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -6 +5,0 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A 2012-01-23 10:22:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2012-01-22 22:13:53 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -23,1 +23,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
1.	A 2010-06-22 23:19:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,1 @@ +<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> @@ -22,0 +23,1 @@ +<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1380890 Active (id: 2167336)
西瓜 [ichi1] ；水瓜 [rK]
【すいか [ichi1] ；スイカ (nokanji) [spec1] 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1026510 ウォーターメロン 1. watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

History:

7.	A 2021-12-02 09:52:47 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ngrams
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2017-04-27 14:12:23 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://eol.org/pages/1247470/names/synonyms http://eol.org/pages/584423/names/synonyms wiki(Citrullus lanatus) wiki(Citrullus) wiki(watermelon)
	Comments:	the refs are inconsistent let's go with the simpler name
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23 @@ -<gloss>watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus)</gloss> +<gloss>watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)</gloss>
5.	A 2017-04-27 06:38:35 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wiki eol
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23 @@ -<gloss>watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)</gloss> +<gloss>watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus)</gloss>
4.	A 2013-08-07 07:32:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-08-06 10:23:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/スイカ etc.
	Diff:	@@ -22,1 +22,2 @@ -<gloss>watermelon</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2012-01-23 01:09:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:09:03 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1568950 Rejected (id: 2064322)
炒飯
【チャーハン [gai1] ；ちゃあはん】

1.

[n] [uk] Source lang: chi "chǎofàn"
▶ Chinese-style fried rice

History:

6.	R 2020-04-11 23:47:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Fork
5.	A* 2020-04-11 14:36:14 dine <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.weblio.jp/wkpja/content/チャーハン_チャーハンの概要
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="chi">chao fan</lsource> +<lsource xml:lang="chi">chǎofàn</lsource>
4.	A 2017-07-15 00:07:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, that's consistent with the handling of 拉麺, etc.
3.	A* 2017-07-14 22:18:55
	Refs:	Japanese Wikipedia "チャーハン（炒飯）は、", Microsoft IME
	Comments:	It seems that 炒飯 can be read as "チャーハン" just as 拉麺 can be read as "ラーメン". Additionally, only inputting "ちゃーはん" will let you convert to 炒飯 using Microsoft IME; inputting "ちゃあはん" yields no such conversion.
	Diff:	@@ -9 +8,0 @@ -<re_nokanji/>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:22:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:04:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,1 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="chi"/> +<lsource xml:lang="chi">chao fan</lsource>

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jmdict 1568950 Active (id: 2189277)
炒飯
【チャーハン [gai1] 】

1.

[n] [uk] {food, cooking} Source lang: chi "chǎofàn"
▶ Chinese-style fried rice

History:

9.	A 2022-06-06 10:47:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2022-06-06 09:15:31 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	炒飯 362788 23.6% チャーハン 1162425 75.6% ちゃあはん 399 0.0% ちゃーはん 11225 0.7%
	Comments:	ちゃあはん could stay as a nokanji if it were common, but it's not.
	Diff:	@@ -10,3 +9,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ちゃあはん</reb>
7.	A 2022-06-06 05:57:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<field>&food;</field>
6.	A 2020-04-11 23:48:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2020-04-11 14:36:14 dine <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.weblio.jp/wkpja/content/チャーハン_チャーハンの概要
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="chi">chao fan</lsource> +<lsource xml:lang="chi">chǎofàn</lsource>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A 2017-07-15 00:07:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, that's consistent with the handling of 拉麺, etc.
3.	A* 2017-07-14 22:18:55
	Refs:	Japanese Wikipedia "チャーハン（炒飯）は、", Microsoft IME
	Comments:	It seems that 炒飯 can be read as "チャーハン" just as 拉麺 can be read as "ラーメン". Additionally, only inputting "ちゃーはん" will let you convert to 炒飯 using Microsoft IME; inputting "ちゃあはん" yields no such conversion.
	Diff:	@@ -9 +8,0 @@ -<re_nokanji/>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:22:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:04:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,1 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="chi"/> +<lsource xml:lang="chi">chao fan</lsource>

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jmdict 1582150 Active (id: 1968375)
灯る；点る；燈る [oK]
【ともる；とぼる】

1.

[v5r,vi]
▶ to be lit (e.g. candle, lamp, light bulb)
▶ to be lighted
▶ to be burning

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2018-01-16 07:48:32 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 灯る 96860 点る 9296 燈る 7590
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>燈る</keb> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
5.	A 2015-07-19 11:26:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2015-07-19 08:40:56 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	KM ngrams: 灯る 2825 点る 491 灯っ 3757 点っ 1515
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>点る</keb> +<keb>灯る</keb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>灯る</keb> +<keb>点る</keb>
3.	A 2012-01-23 10:23:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2012-01-22 18:26:38 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	とぼる is definitely not the most common reading for this. restrictions unnecessary according to daij
	Diff:	@@ -11,2 +11,1 @@ -<reb>とぼる</reb> -<re_restr>点る</re_restr> +<reb>ともる</reb> @@ -15,1 +14,1 @@ -<reb>ともる</reb> +<reb>とぼる</reb> @@ -20,1 +19,1 @@ -<gloss>to be lit (illumination device, e.g. candle, lamp, light bulb)</gloss> +<gloss>to be lit (e.g. candle, lamp, light bulb)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-01-22 15:44:38 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 大辞林、広辞苑
	Comments:	Expand and clarify wording – specifically illumination devices, not say, fires generally.
	Diff:	@@ -20,1 +20,1 @@ -<gloss>to burn</gloss> +<gloss>to be lit (illumination device, e.g. candle, lamp, light bulb)</gloss> @@ -22,1 +22,1 @@ -<gloss>to be lit</gloss> +<gloss>to be burning</gloss>

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jmdict 1586230 Active (id: 1084054)
秋晴れ [spec2,news2,nf35] ；秋晴
【あきばれ [spec2,news2,nf35] ；しゅうせい (秋晴) 】

1.

[n]
▶ clear autumnal weather

History:

1.	A 2012-01-22 18:28:54 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij
	Comments:	see rejected 2679340
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>しゅうせい</reb> +<re_restr>秋晴</re_restr> +</r_ele>

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jmdict 1610770 Active (id: 2298946)
イスラム教 [ichi1] ；イスラーム教 [sK]
【イスラムきょう [ichi1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Islam

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1199430 回教【かいきょう】 1. Islam
	⇐ see: 2271980 マホメット教【マホメットきょう】 1. Muhammadanism; Mohammadanism; Islam
	⇐ see: 2830473 回回教【フイフイきょう】 1. Islam

History:

7.	A 2024-04-23 05:21:08 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2024-04-23 05:19:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	イスラム教 345288 97.7% イスラーム教 7960 2.3%
	Comments:	Simplifying.
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10 @@ -<ke_inf>&ik;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<re_restr>イスラム教</re_restr> @@ -16,5 +14,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>イスラームきょう</reb> -<re_restr>イスラーム教</re_restr> -<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
5.	A 2021-09-13 05:33:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning.
	Diff:	@@ -24 +23,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
4.	A 2016-11-04 07:22:30 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2016-11-04 03:28:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	N-grams: イスラーム教 7960 イスラム教 345288
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>イスラーム教</keb> +<ke_inf>&ik;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -9,0 +14 @@ +<re_restr>イスラム教</re_restr> @@ -10,0 +16,5 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>イスラームきょう</reb> +<re_restr>イスラーム教</re_restr> +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:24:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:41:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> @@ -11,1 +10,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1610800 Active (id: 1084263)
ガラス戸 [ichi1] ；硝子戸
【ガラスど [ichi1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ glass door

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2836067 ガラス扉【ガラスとびら】 1. glass door

History:

4.	A 2012-01-23 10:24:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2012-01-22 22:39:33 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> @@ -14,1 +13,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>
2.	A 2010-11-02 10:56:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-10-31 01:10:28 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	merging in scott's submission
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>硝子戸</keb>

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jmdict 1610830 Active (id: 1961867)
セ氏 [ichi1]
【セし [ichi1] 】

1.

[n] [abbr]
▶ Celsius
▶ centigrade

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2833600 セ氏温度 1. degrees Celsius
	⇔ see: 1385690 摂氏 1. Celsius; centigrade
	⇔ see: 2039850 カ氏 1. Fahrenheit

History:

6.	A 2017-10-10 10:54:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2017-10-10 10:42:11 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s: "「セ氏温度」の略"
	Comments:	I don't think centigrade needs to be capitalised. Not an adjective.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,2 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2833600">セ氏温度</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1385690">摂氏</xref> @@ -16 +17 @@ -<gloss>Centigrade</gloss> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> @@ -17,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>centigrade</gloss>
4.	A 2017-08-27 15:46:25 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	if they don't share any reading, then it would violate the "2/3 rule"
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2039850">カ氏</xref>
3.	A* 2017-08-26 19:08:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Can we merge this with 摂氏 (1385690)? The readings are actually different (セし/せっし) but I feel they should be together.
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:24:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:36:11 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,0 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> @@ -11,1 +10,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1612990 Active (id: 1084265)
アカデミー賞 [spec1]
【アカデミーしょう [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Academy Award

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:25:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:43:49 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613010 Active (id: 2211247)
ウォール街 [spec1] ；ウオール街
【ウォールがい (ウォール街) [spec1] ；ウオールがい (ウオール街) 】

1.

[n]
▶ Wall Street

History:

5.	A 2022-10-11 02:07:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-10-11 01:32:47 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<re_restr>ウォール街</re_restr>
3.	A 2021-10-10 10:28:41 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ウォール街 135664 ウオール街 2347 saw in a daijs entry
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>ウオール街</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -10,0 +14,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ウオールがい</reb> +<re_restr>ウオール街</re_restr>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:25:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:41:36 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613020 Active (id: 1969259)
オープン戦 [spec1]
【オープンせん [spec1] 】

1.

[n] {baseball}
▶ exhibition game
▶ preseason game

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1033050 オープンゲーム 2. exhibition game; preseason game

History:

5.	A 2018-01-26 00:04:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2018-01-25 11:16:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	"Open game" isn't used in English.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<gloss>open game</gloss> +<gloss>preseason game</gloss>
3.	A 2014-05-31 20:17:37 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>exhibition game (baseball)</gloss> +<field>&baseb;</field> +<gloss>exhibition game</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:25:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:40:43 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613030 Active (id: 1084268)
カトリック教会 [spec1]
【カトリックきょうかい [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Catholic Church

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:25:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:40:14 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613040 Active (id: 2002495)
カリブ海 [spec1]
【カリブかい [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Caribbean Sea

History:

3.	A 2019-03-30 13:41:13 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:26:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:40:01 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613100 Active (id: 1084270)
デモ隊 [spec1]
【デモたい [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ demonstrators

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:26:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:34:34 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613120 Active (id: 2045425)
ドラム缶 [spec1]
【ドラムかん [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ drum (e.g. oil, gasoline)
▶ metal barrel

History:

4.	A 2019-07-28 21:57:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>drum</gloss> +<gloss>drum (e.g. oil, gasoline)</gloss>
3.	A* 2019-07-28 16:09:53
	Refs:	https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=ドラム缶
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>metal barrel</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:26:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:33:48 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613130 Active (id: 1084272)
ドル買い [spec1]
【ドルかい [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ dollar purchase

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:26:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:33:17 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613150 Active (id: 1084273)
バンタム級 [spec1]
【バンタムきゅう [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ bantam-weight (boxer)

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:26:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:27:15 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613160 Active (id: 1084274)
ビー玉 [spec1]
【ビーだま [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ marble
▶ glass marble

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1984690 ビードロ 1. biidoro; poppin; glass toy that makes a soft popping sound when blown into
	⇒ see: 2558860 ガラス玉【ガラスだま】 1. glass sphere; glass bead; glass marble

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:30:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Making clear it's not 大理石.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +15,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2558860">ガラス玉・ガラスだま</xref> @@ -16,0 +17,1 @@ +<gloss>glass marble</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:23:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> @@ -14,1 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>(a) marble</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1984690">ビードロ</xref> +<gloss>marble</gloss>

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jmdict 1613170 Active (id: 1084275)
フライ級 [spec1]
【フライきゅう [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ fly-weight (boxer)

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:30:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:22:12 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613180 Active (id: 1084276)
マルクス主義 [spec1]
【マルクスしゅぎ [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Marxism

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1129510 マルキシズム 1. Marxism
	⇐ see: 2844432 修正マルクス主義【しゅうせいマルクスしゅぎ】 1. revisionist Marxism

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:30:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:20:53 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613200 Active (id: 1084277)
ユダヤ教 [spec1]
【ユダヤきょう [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Judaism

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:30:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:20:10 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613210 Active (id: 2173635)
リーグ戦 [spec1]
【リーグせん [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ league match
▶ league game
▶ league series
▶ round robin

History:

4.	A 2022-01-12 04:58:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-01-10 23:18:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15,3 @@ +<gloss>league game</gloss> +<gloss>league series</gloss> +<gloss>round robin</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 10:53:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:19:34 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1613220 Active (id: 1084283)
ロケット弾 [spec1]
【ロケットだん [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ rocket

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:57:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:19:10 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	ロケット is gairaigo. ロケット弾 is not.
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1623810 Active (id: 1084284)
デボン紀 [spec1]
【デボンき [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Devonian period

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 10:57:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:34:48 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1624260 Active (id: 1084285)
エッフェル塔 [spec1]
【エッフェルとう [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Eiffel Tower

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 11:01:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:41:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1629570 Active (id: 2085168)
オレンジ色 [spec1]
【オレンジいろ [spec1] 】

1.

[n,adj-no]
▶ orange (colour, color)

History:

4.	A 2020-10-25 20:44:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2020-10-25 08:13:52
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
2.	A 2012-01-23 11:01:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:40:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1634260 Active (id: 2179914)
オリーブ色 [spec1] ；オリーヴ色
【オリーブいろ (オリーブ色) [spec1] ；オリーヴいろ (オリーヴ色) 】

1.

[n,adj-no]
▶ olive (colour)
▶ olive brown

History:

3.	A 2022-02-24 02:05:11 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -22 +22,2 @@ -<gloss>olive (colour, color)</gloss> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>olive (colour)</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-23 11:01:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:41:08 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -14,1 +14,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1636520 Active (id: 1917147)
カスピ海 [spec1]
【カスピかい [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Caspian Sea

History:

3.	A 2015-06-14 09:12:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this can stay.
2.	A 2012-01-23 11:02:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:40:29 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not grg
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1637040 Active (id: 1904826)
バカ貝；馬鹿貝；馬珂貝
【バカがい (バカ貝)；ばかがい (馬鹿貝, 馬珂貝)；バカガイ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ Mactra chinensis (species of trough shell)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1630000 青柳【あおやぎ】 2. meat of the trough shell (Mactra chinensis)
	⇐ see: 2785450 小柱【こばしら】 1. trough shell adductor muscle; columella
	⇐ see: 1601260 馬鹿【ばか】 7. Mactra chinensis (species of trough shell)

History:

3.	A 2014-10-13 23:50:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	No need.
	Diff:	@@ -25 +24,0 @@ -<re_pri>spec2</re_pri>
2.	A 2012-01-23 11:04:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:31:59 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -25,1 +25,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai2</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec2</re_pri>

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jmdict 1641400 Active (id: 1919483)
メキシコ湾 [spec1]
【メキシコわん [spec1] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Gulf of Mexico

History:

3.	A 2015-08-05 10:06:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this can stay.
2.	A 2012-01-23 11:04:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:20:25 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -6,1 +6,1 @@ -<ke_pri>gai1</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -10,1 +10,1 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

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jmdict 1877600 Deleted (id: 1084051)
混雑した
【こんざつした】

1.

[adj-f]
▶ disorderly
▶ confused
▶ congested

History:

2.	D 2012-01-22 18:23:32 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	D* 2012-01-22 15:37:23 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	This is just (some kango) + した, acting attributively. (We don’t have separate entries for 〜した as a rule (AFAICT), since they’re just inflection of 〜する.)

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jmdict 1984100 Active (id: 2273655)
バチ環
【バチかん；バチカン (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ clasp or ring for attaching a pendant to a chain
▶ bail

History:

4.	A 2023-07-30 21:47:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-07-30 19:27:35 hiroto42 <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://konojewelry.com/techniques/oribachi.html https://www.firemountaingems.com/resources/jewelry-making-articles/8a16
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>bail</gloss>
2.	A 2012-01-22 23:24:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:29:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	headword applies in one case, but not the other. these shouldn't be merged
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>バチかん</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -10,4 +13,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai1</re_pri> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>バチがん</reb> @@ -19,5 +18,0 @@ -<sense> -<stagr>バチカン</stagr> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>Vatican</gloss> -</sense>

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jmdict 1984690 Active (id: 2178578)

ビードロ

1.

[n] Source lang: por "vidro"
▶ biidoro
▶ poppin
▶ [expl] glass toy that makes a soft popping sound when blown into

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1613160 ビー玉【ビーだま】 1. marble; glass marble

2.

[n] [arch]
《orig. meaning》
▶ glass

History:

6.	A 2022-02-13 20:39:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2022-02-13 13:26:29 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj etc.
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,7 @@ +<lsource xml:lang="por">vidro</lsource> +<gloss>biidoro</gloss> +<gloss>poppin</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">glass toy that makes a soft popping sound when blown into</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -10 +17 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="por">vidro</lsource> +<s_inf>orig. meaning</s_inf>
4.	A 2019-04-27 05:55:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Harmless.
3.	A* 2019-04-26 20:30:10 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Arch supposedly implies pre-Meiji so I don't think the note is needed.
	Diff:	@@ -10 +9,0 @@ -<s_inf>used from the late Muromachi period to the Edo period</s_inf>
2.	A 2012-01-22 23:25:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:26:39 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +9,2 @@ +<misc>&arch;</misc> +<s_inf>used from the late Muromachi period to the Edo period</s_inf> @@ -10,1 +12,1 @@ -<gloss>glass (word used from the end of the Muromachi era to the Edo era)</gloss> +<gloss>glass</gloss>

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jmdict 1990550 Active (id: 1084292)
競技会場
【きょうぎかいじょう】

1.

[n]
▶ sporting venue
▶ grounds
▶ stadium
▶ competition venue

History:

2.	A 2012-01-23 11:09:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Google images show dog races, cycling, toy cars, etc. as well as athletics.
	Diff:	@@ -12,3 +12,4 @@ -<gloss>athletic grounds</gloss> -<gloss>athletic stadium</gloss> -<gloss>athletic competition venue</gloss> +<gloss>sporting venue</gloss> +<gloss>grounds</gloss> +<gloss>stadium</gloss> +<gloss>competition venue</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 15:48:03 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Elaborate – specifically athletic venue. (BTW, on a new article, this one about smart elevators (early 1990s); this word was in it.)
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>venue</gloss> +<gloss>athletic grounds</gloss> +<gloss>athletic stadium</gloss> +<gloss>athletic competition venue</gloss>

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jmdict 2356910 Active (id: 2224126)
国際単位系
【こくさいたんいけい】

1.

[n]
▶ International System of Units
▶ SI

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2679770 ＳＩ 1. International System of Units; SI

History:

6.	A 2023-03-09 05:34:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-03-09 03:58:27 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See comment on 1032960
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2679770">ＳＩ・エスアイ</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2679770">ＳＩ</xref>
4.	A 2012-01-23 11:40:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2679770">ＳＩ・エスアイ</xref> @@ -13,0 +14,1 @@ +<gloss>SI</gloss>
3.	A 2012-01-23 03:03:34 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	pretty broad. i'm not sure it qualifies as [comp] or [phys]
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,0 @@ -<field>&physics;</field>
2.	A* 2012-01-22 22:36:29 Nicolas Laurent <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It was misspelt in French (a "m" was missing in "Système International d'Unités"), but I guess we should as well use the English name : "International System of Units". Moreover the field is probably more closely related to physics than computer, but could somehow also be relevant for chemistry.
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<field>&comp;</field> -<gloss>Systee Internationale d'Unites</gloss> +<field>&physics;</field> +<gloss>International System of Units</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2008-05-24 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2487130 Deleted (id: 1084134)

ヒビスカス

1.

[n]
▶ hibiscus

History:

3.	D 2012-01-22 23:23:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	D* 2012-01-22 21:46:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	merge
1.	A 2009-07-17 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2679340 Rejected (id: 1084053)
秋晴
【しゅうせい】

1.

[n]
▶ autumn weather

History:

2.	R 2012-01-22 18:28:17 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	added to entry for 秋晴れ
1.	A* 2012-01-21 21:07:59

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jmdict 2679360 Active (id: 1084141)

ダルス

1.

[n]
▶ dulse (Palmaria palmata)

History:

2.	A 2012-01-22 23:27:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 19:01:28 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	yahoo enc, prog e-j, randomhouse e-j

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jmdict 2679370 Active (id: 2155945)
和地関 [ateji,rK]
【バチカン [gai1] ；ヴァチカン；ヴァティカン；バティカン】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ Vatican

History:

12.	A 2021-11-06 03:23:55 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
11.	A 2019-10-31 20:18:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	バチカン 193845 ヴァチカン 51567 バティカン 586 ヴァティカン 7948
	Comments:	Minor fiddle.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<reb>バティカン</reb> +<reb>ヴァティカン</reb> @@ -19 +19 @@ -<reb>ヴァティカン</reb> +<reb>バティカン</reb>
10.	A* 2019-10-31 17:22:57 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	also, ヴァチカン市国 is in edict as well
9.	A* 2019-10-31 17:19:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	suggest removing "vatican city". vatican has multiple meanings in both english and japanese (see koj); the city is only one and should really be バチカン市国 (currently in enamdict) in any case
	Diff:	@@ -25 +24,0 @@ -<gloss>Vatican City</gloss>
8.	A 2018-06-20 01:22:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A* 2018-06-18 14:12:26 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_City
	Comments:	Common English name.
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25 @@ +<gloss>Vatican City</gloss>
6.	A 2013-03-27 08:27:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm surprised there's only 4 versions.
5.	A* 2013-03-24 10:34:22 Jean-Luc Leger <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/バチカン also sentence 74698 on tatoeba
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +15,6 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>バティカン</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ヴァティカン</reb> +</r_ele>
4.	A 2012-09-23 11:55:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2012-09-23 08:31:13 Marcus
	Refs:	daijr, wiki http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/国名の� %A2%E5%AD%97%E8%A1%A8%E8%A8%98%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +4,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>和地関</keb> +<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -13,0 +17,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
2.	A 2012-01-22 23:24:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:31:14 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, gg5
	Comments:	split off of バチ環

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5.	A 2016-10-04 12:05:05 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-09-27 06:38:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: じゃが芋 161609 ジャガ芋 25862 じゃがいも 1449483 ジャガイモ 1284972
	Comments:	Removing 馬鈴薯 to its own entry. It's never read じゃがいも AFAICT.
	Diff:	@@ -11,4 +10,0 @@ -<ke_pri>spec2</ke_pri> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>馬鈴薯</keb> @@ -19 +14,0 @@ -<re_restr>馬鈴薯</re_restr> @@ -26 +20,0 @@ -<re_pri>spec2</re_pri> @@ -31,5 +24,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ばれいしょ</reb> -<re_restr>馬鈴薯</re_restr> -<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3.	A 2014-08-23 23:21:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Tidying.
	Diff:	@@ -10 +9,0 @@ -<ke_pri>gai2</ke_pri> @@ -11,0 +11 @@ +<ke_pri>spec2</ke_pri>
2.	A 2012-01-23 01:09:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-22 22:16:33 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	not gairaigo
	Diff:	@@ -25,1 +25,0 @@ -<re_pri>gai2</re_pri> @@ -27,0 +26,1 @@ +<re_pri>spec2</re_pri>

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