JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

Entries

Search | Advanced Search | New Entry | Submissions | Help
Login for registered editors
Username:
Password:
jmdict 1039120 Active (id: 2155885)
カルメ焼きカルメ焼軽目焼 [ateji,rK]
カルメやき
1. [n]
▶ honeycomb toffee
▶ sponge toffee
▶ [expl] foam candy from heated brown sugar mixed with baking soda
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1039110 カルメラ 1. honeycomb toffee; sponge toffee; foam candy from heated brown sugar mixed with baking soda
  ⇐ see: 2678990 軽目【カルメ】 1. honeycomb toffee; sponge toffee; foam candy from heated brown sugar mixed with baking soda



History:
8. A 2021-11-06 02:42:37  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
カルメ焼き	14314
カルメ焼	611
軽目焼	No matches
  Comments:
or oK?
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
7. A 2013-02-03 23:50:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2013-02-03 15:59:57  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
研究社中 daijr koj (as カルメラ) en:WP ja:WP pt:WP pt:WT
…and Google image hits.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honeycomb_toffee
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/カルメ焼き
http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caramelo
http://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/caramelo
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Caramel-3.jpg
  Comments:
Correct gloss – “brittle” in GG5 (which we’ve rendered as 
“hard caramelized sugar candy”) is an error. “brittle” is 
perhaps accurate for “caramelo” in Portuguese (it just means 
“caramel”, including soft and hard – see relevant WP/WT 
page), but in Japanese カルメ焼き refers instead to a foamy 
candy.
(All Google image hits I saw were for the foam candy, and 
all references other than GG5 give only this sense, with 研
究社中 giving correct “foam candy” one.)
There are various English names (and a WP article which 
cites the Japanese candy!), so I’ve given top English 
glosses and a brief explanation, since it varies by dialect 
(and I didn’t recognize any word).
  Diff:
@@ -20,1 +20,3 @@
-<gloss>hard caramelized sugar candy</gloss>
+<gloss>honeycomb toffee</gloss>
+<gloss>sponge toffee</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">foam candy from heated brown sugar mixed with baking soda</gloss>
5. A 2012-01-21 06:27:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Like it.
  Diff:
@@ -20,2 +20,1 @@
-<gloss>nutless brittle</gloss>
-<gloss>hard sugar candy</gloss>
+<gloss>hard caramelized sugar candy</gloss>
4. A* 2012-01-19 07:15:31  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
my dictionary definition (from the american oxford dictionary) of brittle is:
"a candy made from nuts and set melted sugar: peanut brittle."
=
so perhaps 'nutless brittle' is an oxymoron like 'coffee-less cappuccino'. just having something like "hard caramelized sugar candy" seems reasonable
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1222610 Active (id: 2166595)
気分転換 [spec1]
きぶんてんかん [spec1]
1. [n]
▶ change of pace
▶ change of mood
▶ (mental) break (e.g. going for a walk)
▶ refreshment



History:
4. A 2021-11-29 06:17:51  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I wouldn't call this an idiomatic yoji jukugo
  Diff:
@@ -14 +13,0 @@
-<misc>&yoji;</misc>
3. A 2014-08-25 01:26:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Kanji Haitani list
  Comments:
Adding yoji tagAdding yoji tag
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<misc>&yoji;</misc>
2. A 2012-01-21 06:28:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-01-19 12:17:47  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
More wording (same article).
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +16,2 @@
+<gloss>(mental) break (e.g. going for a walk)</gloss>
+<gloss>refreshment</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1241060 Active (id: 2182870)
勤勉 [ichi1,news1,nf20]
きんべん [ichi1,news1,nf20]
1. [adj-na,n]
▶ diligent
▶ hard-working
▶ industrious
Cross references:
  ⇔ ant: 1410730 怠惰 1. lazy; idle; indolent; slothful



History:
7. A 2022-04-05 23:55:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr/s: [名・形動] (as usual)
勤勉	262143
勤勉は	1727
勤勉が	1157
勤勉な	40138
勤勉の	4494
  Comments:
It sure isn't being used much as a noun.
6. A* 2022-04-05 21:34:23  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
  Comments:
"n" shouldn't have been dropped.
  Diff:
@@ -17,0 +18 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -19,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>hard-working</gloss>
5. A 2022-04-04 23:11:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2022-04-04 22:07:34  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
shinmeikai 5e, oubunsha kokugo jiten 11e
  Diff:
@@ -17,0 +18,2 @@
+<xref type="ant" seq="1410730">怠惰</xref>
+<xref type="ant" seq="1410730">怠惰</xref>
3. A 2012-01-21 01:57:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -18,1 +18,0 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1329750 Active (id: 1084020)
受験地獄
じゅけんじごく
1. [n]
▶ examination hell
▶ ordeal of entrance examinations



History:
2. A 2012-01-21 06:08:10  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Not just university entrance.
  Diff:
@@ -13,1 +13,1 @@
-<gloss>ordeal of university entrance examinations</gloss>
+<gloss>ordeal of entrance examinations</gloss>
1. A* 2012-01-20 08:09:24  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Comments:
* Reorder glosses – put literal and evocative “examination hell” first
* Reword – focus is on *ordeal*, not *competitive*
(see 受験戦争 for focus on competitiveness)
  Diff:
@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>competitive university entrance examinations (lit: examination hell)</gloss>
+<gloss>examination hell</gloss>
+<gloss>ordeal of university entrance examinations</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1426770 Active (id: 2210335)
虫垂
ちゅうすい
1. [n] {anatomy}
▶ (vermiform) appendix
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2859522 虫様垂【ちゅうようすい】 1. (vermiform) appendix
  ⇐ see: 1534260 盲腸【もうちょう】 2. (vermiform) appendix
  ⇐ see: 2674220 虫様突起【ちゅうようとっき】 1. vermiform process; vermiform appendix



History:
5. A 2022-09-30 12:17:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2022-09-30 09:25:09  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think the x-ref is needed.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・2</xref>
+<field>&anat;</field>
3. A 2015-11-09 23:55:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・1</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・1</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・1</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・2</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・2</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・2</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・2</xref>
2. A 2012-01-21 10:44:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -13,1 +13,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・1</xref>
1. A* 2012-01-21 06:18:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning xrefs.
  Diff:
@@ -12,1 +12,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸</xref>
@@ -14,2 +13,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・2</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1534260">盲腸・1</xref>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1534260 Rejected (id: 1084034)
盲腸 [ichi1,news2,nf36]
もうちょう [ichi1,news2,nf36]
1. [n,adj-no] [col]
▶ appendix
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1426770 虫垂 1. (vermiform) appendix
2. [n,adj-no]
▶ cecum
▶ caecum
▶ blind gut

History:
3. R 2012-01-21 08:23:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
NSJ comment.
2. A* 2012-01-21 06:17:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I can't find any ref for 盲腸 meaning appendicitis.
  Diff:
@@ -26,7 +26,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1426780">虫垂炎</xref>
-<misc>&col;</misc>
-<gloss>appendicitis</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
1. A* 2012-01-20 13:16:12  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Split “appendix” (organ) and “appendicitis” (disease) into separate glosses.
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +20,6 @@
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<gloss>appendix</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -22,1 +28,0 @@
-<gloss>appendix</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1534260 Active (id: 2210304)
盲腸 [ichi1,news2,nf36]
もうちょう [ichi1,news2,nf36]
1. [n] {anatomy}
▶ cecum
▶ caecum
▶ blind gut
2. [n] [col]
▶ (vermiform) appendix
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1426770 虫垂 1. (vermiform) appendix
3. [n] [col]
▶ appendicitis
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1426780 虫垂炎 1. appendicitis



History:
9. A 2022-09-30 09:27:34  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -18 +17,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -26 +24,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -34,2 +32 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1426780">虫垂炎・ちゅうすいえん</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1534270">盲腸炎・もうちょうえん・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1426780">虫垂炎</xref>
8. A 2015-12-01 05:37:33  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
looks good
7. A* 2015-11-09 23:54:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK. Something like this?
  Diff:
@@ -19 +18,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1426770">虫垂</xref>
@@ -21 +19,0 @@
-<gloss>(vermiform) appendix</gloss>
@@ -24,0 +23,7 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1426770">虫垂</xref>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<gloss>(vermiform) appendix</gloss>
6. A* 2015-11-09 06:13:27  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
盲腸 = blind gut = cecum.  the cecum is not the same thing as the appendix (=虫垂).

koj, daij, etc. have separate senses for cecum vs. appendix and note that 盲腸 is merely a colloquialism for the appendix (and for appendicitis).  since appendix is [col], the [anat] tag really only applies to 盲腸=cecum, i think.

i think this should be restored with "cecum" as sense 1 instead of sense 2 as before.  (this would match the ordering of meanings given in gg5 and in the kokugos)
5. A* 2015-11-09 03:36:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5, etc.
  Comments:
I can't see why there is a sense split. I think I may have mistaken a suggestion relating to 虫垂炎, etc. years ago.
  Diff:
@@ -20,6 +19,0 @@
-<misc>&col;</misc>
-<gloss>appendix</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -26,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>(vermiform) appendix</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1538910 Active (id: 1906344)
唯でさえ
ただでさえ
1. [adv] [uk]
▶ even at the best of times
▶ already
▶ (even) under normal circumstances
▶ in addition to
▶ as it is
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2828167 唯さえ【たださえ】 1. even at the best of times; already; (even) under normal circumstances; in addition to; as it is



History:
5. A 2014-11-20 17:34:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<gloss>as it is</gloss>
4. A* 2014-11-20 05:32:11  Curtis Naito <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>already</gloss>
3. A 2012-01-21 10:45:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I can only guess it was misformed hiragana.
2. A* 2012-01-19 02:34:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Try: http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?1MUJただでさえ
1. A* 2012-01-19 02:17:36 
  Comments:
This expression is often written in all hiragana, but searching in all hiragana does not return a result

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1563660 Active (id: 1084015)
俯すうつ伏す俯伏す [iK]
うつぶす
1. [v5s,vi]
▶ to lie face down (e.g. on the ground, napping on a desk)
▶ to lie prone
2. [v5s,vi] [arch]
▶ to lower (one's head, gaze, etc.)

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2012-01-21 01:56:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2012-01-19 18:14:53  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
@@ -24,0 +25,1 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
1. A* 2012-01-19 11:16:47  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Comments:
* Correct “on the ground” to simply “face down” – also used on desks (in GG5 example and article I’m reading)
* add “prone” wording
  Diff:
@@ -19,1 +19,2 @@
-<gloss>to lie with one's face on the ground</gloss>
+<gloss>to lie face down (e.g. on the ground, napping on a desk)</gloss>
+<gloss>to lie prone</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1587690 Active (id: 2207457)
意欲 [ichi1,news1,nf02] 意慾 [rK]
いよく [ichi1,news1,nf02]
1. [n]
▶ will
▶ desire
▶ eagerness
▶ interest
▶ drive
▶ motivation
▶ urge
▶ ambition



History:
7. A 2022-09-04 21:54:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2022-09-04 17:18:23  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, luminous
  Comments:
意欲 appears in some compound terms but I don't think we'd typically tag a word like this as n-suf.
  Diff:
@@ -22 +21,0 @@
-<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
@@ -24,0 +24 @@
+<gloss>eagerness</gloss>
@@ -25,0 +26,3 @@
+<gloss>drive</gloss>
+<gloss>motivation</gloss>
+<gloss>urge</gloss>
@@ -27 +29,0 @@
-<gloss>urge (e.g. creative urge)</gloss>
5. A 2022-09-02 06:46:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2022-09-02 05:48:43  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 意欲  │ 3,370,776 │ 99.7% │
│ 意慾  │     2,256 │  0.1% │ 🡠 oK to rK (shinmeikai, meikyo, iwakoku)
│ いよく │     7,320 │  0.2% │
╰─ーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
3. A 2021-11-02 08:56:32  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
https://news.yahoo.co.jp/pickup/6408714
小川淳也氏 立憲代表に出馬意欲
  Diff:
@@ -24,0 +25 @@
+<gloss>interest</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1707920 Active (id: 1915496)
取っておき取って置き
とっておき
1. [adj-no,n] [uk]
▶ reserve
▶ spare
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2830580 取っとき【とっとき】 3. (ace) up one's sleeve; trump
2. [adj-no,n] [uk]
▶ treasured
▶ valued
3. [adj-no,n] [uk]
▶ (ace) up one's sleeve
▶ trump



History:
7. A 2015-05-25 06:36:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2015-05-18 20:25:37 
  Refs:
n-grams (4:1)
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -21,0 +23 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -27,0 +30 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
5. A 2013-12-03 04:29:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2013-12-03 02:01:07  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
新和英中辞典
daijs
prog
  Comments:
"Trump" is really a noun, I guess, but it seems the perfect 
word for it.
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +16,7 @@
+<gloss>reserve</gloss>
+<gloss>spare</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>treasured</gloss>
@@ -17,2 +24,6 @@
-<gloss>the best</gloss>
-<gloss>object set aside or held in reserve</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>(ace) up one's sleeve</gloss>
+<gloss>trump</gloss>
3. A* 2013-12-02 21:27:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Ngrams, 新和英中辞典
  Diff:
@@ -4,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>取っておき</keb>
+</k_ele>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1711350 Active (id: 1084017)
塗り薬塗薬
ぬりぐすり
1. [n]
▶ medical cream
▶ ointment
▶ salve
▶ liniment



History:
2. A 2012-01-21 01:59:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-01-20 13:22:40  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Reword and reorder glosses – “medical cream” (“spread medicine”) is simplest, and is how this is used (it’s pretty casual).
I’ve never heard “liniment” in English; that’s a very technical term, hence should be last.
  Diff:
@@ -15,1 +15,1 @@
-<gloss>liniment</gloss>
+<gloss>medical cream</gloss>
@@ -18,0 +18,1 @@
+<gloss>liniment</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1737020 Active (id: 1084043)
水系 [news1,nf19]
すいけい [news1,nf19]
1. [n]
▶ water system
▶ river system
▶ drainage system



History:
3. A 2012-01-21 20:24:30  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2012-01-21 06:21:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
  Comments:
Can't see any refs for tributary as a separate sense.
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +16,2 @@
+<gloss>water system</gloss>
+<gloss>river system</gloss>
@@ -18,4 +20,0 @@
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>tributary</gloss>
-</sense>
1. A* 2012-01-20 01:28:09  Alex T. <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +18,4 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>tributary</gloss>
+</sense>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1743510 Active (id: 2099025)
小半日
こはんにち
1. [n,adv]
▶ nearly half a day
▶ approximately half a day
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2153770 小【こ】 2. slightly less than; just about



History:
4. A 2021-03-31 04:47:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Bulk update n-adv to n,adv
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11,2 @@
-<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
3. A 2021-03-10 00:32:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Bulk update: Removal of n-t POS
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<pos>&n-t;</pos>
2. A 2012-01-21 06:29:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-01-19 12:30:46  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 大辞林
  Comments:
Properly *nearly* half a day, not just “about”.
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +13,1 @@
+<gloss>nearly half a day</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1937570 Active (id: 1084018)
受験戦争
じゅけんせんそう
1. [n]
▶ examination war
▶ fiercely competitive university entrance examinations



History:
2. A 2012-01-21 02:00:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-01-20 08:14:04  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Reword and detail glosses
  Diff:
@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>fiercely competitive entrance examinations</gloss>
+<gloss>examination war</gloss>
+<gloss>fiercely competitive university entrance examinations</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2004750 Active (id: 2199620)
四当五落4当5落
よんとうごらく
1. [exp]
▶ sleep four hours and pass, sleep five hours and fail (when cramming for university entrance exams)



History:
6. A 2022-08-01 02:15:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Remove unsupported yoji tag
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -15 +14,0 @@
-<misc>&yoji;</misc>
5. A 2017-08-06 00:27:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2017-08-05 10:52:04  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
usually I remove [yoji] tags, but here I think I will add one
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<misc>&yoji;</misc>
3. A 2012-01-21 06:24:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Trimming. I don't think the extra stuff is needed.
  Diff:
@@ -15,2 +15,1 @@
-<gloss>sleep four hours and pass, sleep five hours and fail (nightly sleep when cramming for university entrance exams)</gloss>
-<gloss>four-pass, five-fail</gloss>
+<gloss>sleep four hours and pass, sleep five hours and fail (when cramming for university entrance exams)</gloss>
2. A* 2012-01-20 08:21:15  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Better wording
  Diff:
@@ -15,1 +15,1 @@
-<gloss>sleep four hours pass, sleep five hours fail (cramming for university entrance exams)</gloss>
+<gloss>sleep four hours and pass, sleep five hours and fail (nightly sleep when cramming for university entrance exams)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2065390 Active (id: 1084044)
成果主義
せいかしゅぎ
1. [n]
▶ results-oriented approach
▶ resultism
▶ belief in results



History:
4. A 2012-01-21 20:24:49  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2012-01-21 06:37:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5, KOD追加語彙, ルミナス
  Comments:
I think it's the attitude leading to pay/promotion; not the pay itself.
  Diff:
@@ -12,4 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>performance-based pay</gloss>
-<gloss>results-oriented pay</gloss>
-<gloss>pay for performance</gloss>
-<gloss>payment by results</gloss>
+<gloss>results-oriented approach</gloss>
+<gloss>resultism</gloss>
+<gloss>belief in results</gloss>
2. A* 2012-01-19 11:29:41  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Comments:
* Add alt. wording
(same article)
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +12,2 @@
+<gloss>performance-based pay</gloss>
+<gloss>results-oriented pay</gloss>
1. A 2005-10-20 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2443250 Active (id: 1926465)
花開く花ひらく華開く
はなひらく
1. [exp,v5k]
▶ to blossom
▶ to flower
▶ to bloom

Conjugations


History:
7. A 2016-01-24 11:31:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2016-01-22 08:27:12  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KM ngrams:
花開く	3529
花ひらく	455
華開く	123
  Comments:
Saw it in the sentence
遣唐使が廃止された以降...国風分化が華開いたのです。
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>華開く</keb>
5. A 2012-01-21 02:01:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2012-01-20 08:04:50  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
2,450,000 花開く
  795,000 花ひらく
  Comments:
* Add alt spelling 花ひらく (saw as such in textbook today)
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>花ひらく</keb>
3. A 2010-07-31 05:37:41  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +11,1 @@
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2679210 Active (id: 1084037)
覚醒水準
かくせいすいじゅん
1. [n]
▶ level of awakeness
▶ level of arousal



History:
2. A 2012-01-21 10:41:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1219848027
Eijiro
1. A* 2012-01-19 12:40:37  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
19,200 Google hits
  Comments:
Same article. Seems pretty scientific/technical.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2679220 Active (id: 1084038)
覚醒作用
かくせいさよう
1. [n]
▶ stimulant effect (e.g. caffeine)



History:
2. A 2012-01-21 10:43:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Seems OK. Meaning not obvious from the parts.
1. A* 2012-01-19 12:43:48  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
190,000 Google hits
  Comments:
Same article.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2679230 Deleted (id: 1084041)
慣習化
かんしゅうか
1. [vs,n]
▶ become a custom
▶ become customary
▶ become a convention
▶ become conventional

Conjugations


History:
3. D 2012-01-21 10:46:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Agree.
2. A* 2012-01-19 18:17:07  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
standard application of ~化 without a major dic reference, and it doesn't have an idiomatic english translation that someone's likely to look up.  i think it can be passed on
1. A* 2012-01-19 12:47:56  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
英辞郎
http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/慣習化
54,800 Google hits
  Comments:
Same article.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2679250 Active (id: 1926662)
タブー視
タブーし
1. [n,vs]
《usu. used as a verb》
▶ considering something taboo
▶ treating something as taboo

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2016-01-31 03:30:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meant to add this.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>consider something taboo</gloss>
+<s_inf>usu. used as a verb</s_inf>
+<gloss>considering something taboo</gloss>
4. A 2016-01-31 03:27:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google n-grams: タブー視	32462
する forms:
タブー視さ	19938
タブー視し	4853
タブー視する	4527
タブー視せ	840
タブー視さない	0
タブー視しない	563

non-する:
タブー視が	297
タブー視は	228	  
タブー視を	155	  
タブー視の	104	
タブー視と	87	  
タブー視も	77	  
タブー視から	72
  Comments:
See the n-grams. It's clear the verb form is about 97% of the usage and it's really a "regular" Xする form. Casting it as a noun is a bit like the tail wagging the dog, but I guess it works.
  Diff:
@@ -13,2 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>to consider taboo</gloss>
-<gloss>to treat as taboo</gloss>
+<gloss>consider something taboo</gloss>
+<gloss>treating something as taboo</gloss>
3. A* 2016-01-31 00:41:19  Clément DAUMAIL
  Refs:
Even if タブー視する comes from 「タブー(として)+視する」, タブー視 is well used an an noun. Cf.books extracts (Google Books) 
https://www.google.co.jp/?gws_rd=ssl#q="タブー視が"&tbm=bks
https://www.google.co.jp/?gws_rd=ssl#tbm=bks&q="タブー視は"
  Comments:
Meaning(s) may have to be reviewed to reflect the use as a noun.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>タブー視する</keb>
+<keb>タブー視</keb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>タブーしする</reb>
+<reb>タブーし</reb>
@@ -11,2 +11,2 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
-<pos>&vs-i;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
2. A 2012-01-21 10:38:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think it's タブー + 視する, and we can't treat it as a usual "vs" entry.
  Diff:
@@ -12,3 +12,3 @@
-<pos>&vs-s;</pos>
-<gloss>consider taboo</gloss>
-<gloss>treat as taboo</gloss>
+<pos>&vs-i;</pos>
+<gloss>to consider taboo</gloss>
+<gloss>to treat as taboo</gloss>
1. A* 2012-01-19 12:52:23  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 タブー
  Comments:
Same article.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2679280 Active (id: 1084042)
正直言って
しょうじきいって
1. [exp]
▶ to be honest
▶ to be frank
▶ honestly
▶ if you want to know the truth



History:
2. A 2012-01-21 10:50:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
8M+ hits. GG5
  Comments:
Worth having, I think.
  Diff:
@@ -11,1 +11,4 @@
-<gloss>Honestly speaking</gloss>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<gloss>to be honest</gloss>
+<gloss>to be frank</gloss>
+<gloss>honestly</gloss>
@@ -13,4 +16,0 @@
-<gloss>in (all) conscience</gloss>
-<gloss>to be frank (plain) (with you)</gloss>
-<gloss>to be honest (with you)</gloss>
-<gloss>to give the devil his due</gloss>
1. A* 2012-01-19 22:55:36  Francis
  Refs:
See below.
  Comments:
The 3 kanji give the meanng clear enough. The only point in question could be the reading. With over 8m Google hits, this common expression could perhaps be promoted so that it comes up on first search and helps the novice to see that it is as it is.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2679300 Active (id: 1112707)
日台
にったい
1. [n]
▶ Japanese-Taiwanese
▶ Japan-Taiwan



History:
4. A 2012-10-01 11:59:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think it is. I've only ever see it in things like 日台航空路線.
3. A* 2012-09-26 05:15:11  Marcus
  Comments:
not really n-pref, is it?
  Diff:
@@ -11,1 +11,0 @@
-<pos>&n-pref;</pos>
2. A 2012-01-21 06:24:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-01-20 13:05:22  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 英辞郎
  Comments:
Used in class today (many Taiwanese students)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2679320 Active (id: 1953573)
圏界面
けんかいめん
1. [n]
▶ tropopause
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2679330 対流圏界面 1. tropopause



History:
4. A 2017-06-14 23:35:36  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
In the case of abbreviations, yes.
I don't think this is considered an abbreviation but an x-ref is helpful nonetheless.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2679330">対流圏界面・たいりゅうけんかいめん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2679330">対流圏界面</xref>
3. A* 2017-06-14 11:06:55  Amen Lernsky <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
i guess the xrefs usually go from the shorter entry to the longer.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2679330">対流圏界面・たいりゅうけんかいめん</xref>
2. A 2012-01-21 06:25:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-01-20 23:56:41  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
eij, gg5

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2679330 Active (id: 1935873)
対流圏界面
たいりゅうけんかいめん
1. [n]
▶ tropopause
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2679320 圏界面【けんかいめん】 1. tropopause



History:
4. A 2016-10-01 22:36:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Indeed.
3. A* 2016-10-01 16:03:48  Kim Ahlström <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/対流圏界面
https://kotobank.jp/word/対流圏界
面-1360004#E3.83.87.E3.82.B8.E3.82.BF.E3.83.AB.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.B3.89
  Comments:
The reading for かいめん looks like it was incorrect.
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>たいりゅうけんげんかい</reb>
+<reb>たいりゅうけんかいめん</reb>
2. A 2012-01-21 06:25:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-01-20 23:57:00  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
eij, gg5

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2679340 Rejected (id: 1084053)
秋晴
しゅうせい
1. [n]
▶ autumn weather

History:
2. R 2012-01-22 18:28:17  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
added to entry for 秋晴れ
1. A* 2012-01-21 21:07:59 

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2679350 Active (id: 2133309)
やり込み
やりこみ
1. [n] {video games}
▶ self-imposed challenge (e.g. speedrun, 100% completion, no deaths)



History:
9. A 2021-07-31 01:53:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2021-07-30 23:59:37  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/SelfImposedChallenge
https://gamefaqs.gamespot.com/top10/2330-the-top-10-mostly-self-imposed-challenges-specific
https://www.sicgamer.com/about
  Comments:
This is commonly referred to as a "self-imposed challenge" in English.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>playing through a video game for additional challenge (e.g. as quickly as possible, to obtain the highest score, without using a certain weapon, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>self-imposed challenge (e.g. speedrun, 100% completion, no deaths)</gloss>
7. A 2021-07-28 05:44:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2021-07-28 05:25:29  Opencooper
  Refs:
* https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/やり込み#やり込みの例
* https://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/やり込み

* https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/SelfImposedChallenge
  Comments:
The explanatory gloss is correct, but I don't think "speedrun" can cover all of it. That's only playing "as quickly as possible", 
while this term is much broader.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>speedrun</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">playing through a video game for additional challenge (e.g. as quickly as possible, to obtain the highest score, without using a certain weapon, etc.)</gloss>
+<field>&vidg;</field>
+<gloss>playing through a video game for additional challenge (e.g. as quickly as possible, to obtain the highest score, without using a certain weapon, etc.)</gloss>
5. A 2013-05-22 05:03:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I agree.
More likely you forgot to click "Submit". They vanish without trace if that happens as nothing is recorded until then.
  Diff:
@@ -13,1 +13,1 @@
-<gloss>playing through a video game for additional challenge (e.g. as quickly as possible, to obtain the highest score, without using a certain weapon, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">playing through a video game for additional challenge (e.g. as quickly as possible, to obtain the highest score, without using a certain weapon, etc.)</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml