JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1632180 Active (id: 1999904)

とも [spec1]

[prt]
▶ certainly
▶ of course
▶ to be sure
▶ surely

[prt]
《usu. with volitional verb or adj. stem》
▶ even if
▶ no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how)
▶ though
▶ although

[prt]
《with neg. verb》
▶ without even
▶ without so much as

[prt]
《after an adverb》
▶ at the (least, earliest, etc.)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1421990 遅くとも 1. at the latest

[exp]
▶ also (called)
▶ also as

[prt]
《sometimes esp. an emphatic form of the particle と》
▶ well

History:

11.	A 2019-03-08 10:59:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<s_inf>usu. with vol. verb or adj. stem</s_inf> +<s_inf>usu. with volitional verb or adj. stem</s_inf>
10.	A* 2019-03-04 22:31:40 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	I think "also as" is a good translation for certain cases e.g. daijs: "エステティック《「エステティク」「エステティーク」とも》"
	Comments:	Could this note be clarified? "usu. with vol. verb or adj. stem" I think "vol. verb" is a little cryptic. Volume verb? Voluminous verb? Verb describing volume? And the note [note="sometimes esp. an emphatic form of the particle と"] as well - isn't "sometimes esp." a little clumsy?
	Diff:	@@ -37,0 +38 @@ +<gloss>also as</gloss>
9.	A 2018-03-02 04:29:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2018-03-01 17:30:56 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	If there has to be a (real) gloss...
	Diff:	@@ -42 +42 @@ -<gloss>emphatic particle</gloss> +<gloss>well</gloss>
7.	A 2018-03-01 02:08:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	No longer working.
	Diff:	@@ -41,4 +40,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・2</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・3</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・4</xref>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A 2014-04-01 02:18:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2014-04-01 01:46:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Makino & Tsutsui DIJG. Their entry is all about sense 2. A good point about the volitional verbs. Looking in Tatoeba I see most sense 2 examples fit that pattern.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<s_inf>usu. with vol. verb or adj. stem</s_inf>
4.	A* 2014-03-31 19:14:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	-i don't think this means "also" in the example you provided (=ともいう with the いう omitted). the と is acting as the quoting particle here, not as the 'and' particle, so usage in your example is restricted to "also being called" something. and i'm not convinced that it's a particle as opposed to an expression. this is already covered in the existing sense 5, albeit ambiguously. consider the case of daijr's example of「君－お別れだね」. it is certainly not translated as 'also' here... -not sure this is helpful, but it's in gg5, etc. -sense 6 should probably also be changed from prt to exp, but a gloss change would also be needed
	Diff:	@@ -34,0 +35,4 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<gloss>also (called)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> @@ -43,4 +46,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&prt;</pos> -<gloss>also</gloss> -</sense>
3.	A* 2014-03-31 11:59:12 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	新和英中辞典 daij for example 敵討【かたきうち】仇討(あだうち)とも。 (百科事典マイペディア)
	Diff:	@@ -42,0 +43,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<gloss>also</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A 2011-08-19 08:59:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-08-19 03:09:57 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo, gg5, etc.
	Comments:	i think "suf" is leftover from the other main entry for とも
	Diff:	@@ -9,1 +9,0 @@ -<pos>&suf;</pos> @@ -14,1 +13,1 @@ -<gloss>rather</gloss> +<gloss>surely</gloss> @@ -17,1 +16,0 @@ -<pos>&suf;</pos> @@ -21,0 +19,2 @@ +<gloss>though</gloss> +<gloss>although</gloss> @@ -23,1 +23,6 @@ -<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<s_inf>with neg. verb</s_inf> +<gloss>without even</gloss> +<gloss>without so much as</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> @@ -29,0 +34,9 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・3</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・4</xref> +<s_inf>sometimes esp. an emphatic form of the particle と</s_inf> +<gloss>emphatic particle</gloss> +</sense>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

Search \| Advanced Search \| New Entry \| Submissions \| Help	wsgi/DB=jmdict

If you have questions about, problems using, or suggestions for improving this page, please send email to jimbreen@gmail.com.
JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

Entries