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jmdict 2686250 Active (id: 2293501)
肝斑
かんぱんしみ [gikun]
1. [n] {medicine}
▶ melasma
▶ chloasma
▶ liver spot
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1391110 【シミ】 2. spot (on one's skin, e.g. chloasma, liver spot); blemish; discoloration; freckle



History:
6. A 2024-03-06 01:10:49  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1391110">染み・しみ・2</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1391110">シミ・2</xref>
5. A 2024-03-04 22:45:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
  Comments:
May as well keep "liver spot" - the JEs have it.
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>liver spot</gloss>
4. A* 2024-03-04 13:59:42  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
This matches the Japanese language definitions for 肝斑. In particular, must be on the face, and no explicit link to UV light. (it is a possible factor)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459271/
Melasma is a common skin problem caused by brown to gray-brown patches on the face. Most people get it on their cheeks, chin, nose bridge, forehead, and above the upper lip. 

https://www.osmosis.org/answers/chloasma
Chloasma, more commonly known as melasma, is an acquired pigmentary disorder of the skin, characterized by areas of discoloration known as hyperpigmentation. 

https://www.affiliateddermatologists.com/brown-spots-vs-melasma/
...
"Melasma is an entirely different condition. "

An analogous Japanese website distinguishing 老人性色素斑 from 肝斑.  Causes are different, treatments are different, and treating for the wrong one may exacerbate the other.
https://www.hibiya-skin.com/column/202011_02.html
  Comments:
"chloasma" is a correct gloss. "liver spot" is not a synonym for "chloasma" in English.  This has to be the strangest false-cognate (肝+斑 != liver spot) I have ever seen.

Correct matches for "liver spots" are the two terms I just added: 老人性色素斑 and 日光性黒子 (and maybe others, but not this).
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17,2 @@
+<field>&med;</field>
+<gloss>melasma</gloss>
@@ -18 +19,0 @@
-<gloss>liver spot</gloss>
3. A 2012-02-26 22:34:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2012-02-26 17:04:28  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16,1 +16,1 @@
-<xref type="see">染み</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1391110">染み・しみ・2</xref>
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