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jmdict 1591970 Active (id: 2292051)
極める [ichi1,news2,nf30] 窮める [rK]
きわめる [ichi1,news2,nf30]
1. [v1,vt]
▶ to carry to extremes
▶ to go to the end of something
▶ to reach the limits of something
2. [v1,vt]
▶ to reach the peak of something (e.g. luxury, hardships, etc)
▶ to be extremely (e.g. busy)
3. (極める only) [v1,vt]
▶ to exhaust completely
▶ to have nothing left (e.g. to say)

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2024-02-18 03:05:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
中辞典 splits 究める into its own entry. I think that's best.
  Diff:
@@ -9,3 +8,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>究める</keb>
@@ -24,2 +20,0 @@
-<stagk>極める</stagk>
-<stagk>窮める</stagk>
@@ -33,2 +27,0 @@
-<stagk>極める</stagk>
-<stagk>窮める</stagk>
@@ -39,8 +31,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&v1;</pos>
-<pos>&vt;</pos>
-<gloss>to investigate thoroughly</gloss>
-<gloss>to research thoroughly</gloss>
-<gloss>to master</gloss>
-<gloss>to understand completely</gloss>
4. A* 2024-02-12 07:20:55  penname01
  Refs:
sankoku, daijr/s, meikyo
  Diff:
@@ -23,0 +24,2 @@
+<stagk>極める</stagk>
+<stagk>窮める</stagk>
@@ -26 +27,0 @@
-<s_inf>esp. 極める</s_inf>
@@ -31,0 +33,2 @@
+<stagk>極める</stagk>
+<stagk>窮める</stagk>
@@ -34 +36,0 @@
-<s_inf>esp. 極める</s_inf>
@@ -41 +42,0 @@
-<s_inf>esp. 究める</s_inf>
@@ -47,0 +49 @@
+<stagk>極める</stagk>
@@ -50 +51,0 @@
-<s_inf>esp. 極める</s_inf>
3. A 2023-02-10 18:56:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Odd character.
  Diff:
@@ -44 +44 @@
-<gloss>to master​</gloss>
+<gloss>to master</gloss>
2. A 2023-02-10 06:27:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
極める	782657	90.0%
究める	61145	7.0%
窮める	1631	0.2%
きわめる	24056	2.8%
GG5, etc. 中辞典 has 究める in its own entry but no other ref does.
  Comments:
Trimming a bit.
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -25 +26 @@
-<s_inf>esp. 極める, 窮める</s_inf>
+<s_inf>esp. 極める</s_inf>
@@ -33 +34 @@
-<s_inf>esp. 極める, 窮める</s_inf>
+<s_inf>esp. 極める</s_inf>
@@ -43 +43,0 @@
-<gloss>to study intensively</gloss>
@@ -46 +45,0 @@
-<gloss>to grasp (the essence of something)</gloss>
@@ -51 +50 @@
-<s_inf>esp. 極める, e.g. as 口をきわめて</s_inf>
+<s_inf>esp. 極める</s_inf>
1. A* 2023-01-03 13:38:44  Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/きわめる/#je-18808
https://meaning-dictionary.com/「極める」と「究める」の違いとは?分かりやす/#toc3
https://chigai-hikaku.com/?p=12851#toc3
  Comments:
added sense
  Diff:
@@ -27,0 +28,8 @@
+<gloss>to reach the limits of something</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v1;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<s_inf>esp. 極める, 窮める</s_inf>
+<gloss>to reach the peak of something (e.g. luxury, hardships, etc)</gloss>
+<gloss>to be extremely (e.g. busy)</gloss>
@@ -34 +42,12 @@
-<gloss>to master</gloss>
+<gloss>to research thoroughly</gloss>
+<gloss>to study intensively</gloss>
+<gloss>to master​</gloss>
+<gloss>to understand completely</gloss>
+<gloss>to grasp (the essence of something)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v1;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<s_inf>esp. 極める, e.g. as 口をきわめて</s_inf>
+<gloss>to exhaust completely</gloss>
+<gloss>to have nothing left (e.g. to say)</gloss>

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