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jmdict 2851674 Active (id: 2228598)
花の都華の都
はなのみやこ
1. [exp,n] [poet]
▶ City of Flowers (nickname for various cities, esp. Paris and Florence)



History:
9. A 2023-04-14 21:23:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Looks fine. (I don't recall Florence having a lot of flowers.)
8. A* 2023-04-14 13:36:45  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The way I'd written it was more in the style of a usage note.
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>City of Flowers (esp. used for Paris and Florence)</gloss>
+<gloss>City of Flowers (nickname for various cities, esp. Paris and Florence)</gloss>
7. A* 2023-04-14 11:26:19  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think a literal translation works best.
I don't see the need for a "Kyoto" sense.
  Diff:
@@ -16,8 +15,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-f;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="1600990">華やか</xref>
-<gloss>flourishing (capital) city (esp. Paris)</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="lit">capital of flowers</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -25 +17 @@
-<gloss>Kyoto</gloss>
+<gloss>City of Flowers (esp. used for Paris and Florence)</gloss>
6. A* 2023-04-14 06:28:20  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://dic.pixiv.net/a/花の都
芸術、文化、ファッションといった社交方面での華やかさが街を活気づけており、その美を象徴的に例えて「花の都」と呼ばれる。基本的には日本独特の言い回しである。パリの街は実際に花も多いが、草花でなく公園や街路にある木々の花が目立つ。

https://note-mitaskuras.tohogas.co.jp/n/n87b448f69747

所以には諸説ありますが、ナポレオンによる大改革の後の1800年代後期~1900年代初頭、多くの芸術家がこの街に集まりました。芸術や文化が栄え、社交界が華やかに活気付いた様子をみた日本人がパリを「花の都」と呼ぶようになったそうです。実際、パリの街は草花よりも、公園の樹や街路樹の葉の印象が強いのですが、美しい建築を背景に、街路樹の葉が風にそよぐ姿はやはり格別に美しいです。

loose summary mine: not known for its flowers in particular, Japanese artists who studied there may have been impressed by how arts, culture, and society flourished, along with its beautiful architecture
  Comments:
I surely don't care about "city of lights". I only added it because "gay paris" seemed like an attempted translation of the nickname, so it seemed like we wanted a nickname.

Otherwise, please google "gay city".  Or, for that matter, "gay Paris". Or do an image search for 花の都 vs "gay capital" or "gay paris".

GG5 contains a certain amount of dated terminology.  I was trying to make the point that "Gay Paris" was perfectly valid once-upon-a-time.  But this is no longer a useful alignment. The term has been completely appropriated for another use. Even suggesting "gay" here just sets a trap for a Japanese translator to stumble over.

I still don't understand why we are trying to translate "花の都" to anything other than "floral city" or "city of flowers".  Most translations would just be "Paris", maybe with "which the Japanese call the Capital of Flowers", or something.

Here's a definition of 花の都
https://kobun.weblio.jp/content/花の都
学研全訳古語辞典 学研教育出版学研教育出版
都の美称。はなやかで美しい都。また、桜が咲き競う都。

Inspired by the definition above, I have changed the xref from 花[8](beautiful) to 華やか directly, which should adequately communicate how Paris (probably) acquired this nickname(this is reflected in the [refs] above). I have intentionally not selected either [1] or [2], because both seem to figure into the logic behind the name.

My vote for the actual gloss is still something like
Paris (nickname) 
or
Nickname for a Capital City (esp. Paris, Florence)

But 花ー>華やか is basically the same relationship as flower->flourishing, so I've made the suggestion.  I don't see the utility in glossing as "fine" (or "gay"). When people say 花の都, it's just a name.  I've often seen the Japanese term for "pillow-word" used to describe 花の都.  I can call my hometown of Seattle "The emerald city" out of affection, but beyond loosely being aware that the trees are evergreen, I don't think you'd try to simplify a gloss as 常緑樹の都(though you might explain it with a sentence)...  The name just is what it is; calque it, explain it, or drop it in the translation. Not so critical... 

note: it was pointed out to me in the ref above that Florence is *literally* derived from "Flor"/flower, and thus has earned this nickname another way as well.
  Diff:
@@ -17,3 +17,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1194500">花・8</xref>
-<gloss>fine city (esp. Paris)</gloss>
-<gloss>gay city</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1600990">華やか</xref>
+<gloss>flourishing (capital) city (esp. Paris)</gloss>
5. A 2023-04-10 22:13:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 中辞典, etc.
  Comments:
I think this is overdone. It's obviously rather general, but usually applied to パリ.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16,4 @@
-<gloss>Paris, "The City of Light(s)"</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-f;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1194500">花・8</xref>
+<gloss>fine city (esp. Paris)</gloss>
+<gloss>gay city</gloss>
@@ -22,12 +25 @@
-<gloss>Florence</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
-<gloss>Tokyo</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<misc>&poet;</misc>
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