<entry id="2282377" stat="A" corpus="jmdict" type="jmdict">
<ent_corp type="jmdict">jmdict</ent_corp>
<ent_seq>1375610</ent_seq>
<k_ele>
<keb>成る</keb>
<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri>
<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri>
<ke_pri>nf34</ke_pri>
</k_ele>
<k_ele>
<keb>為る</keb>
<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
</k_ele>
<r_ele>
<reb>なる</reb>
<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri>
<re_pri>news2</re_pri>
<re_pri>nf34</re_pri>
</r_ele>
<sense>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<pos>&vi;</pos>
<misc>&uk;</misc>
<gloss>to become</gloss>
<gloss>to get</gloss>
<gloss>to grow</gloss>
<gloss>to turn</gloss>
<gloss>to reach</gloss>
<gloss>to attain</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<pos>&vi;</pos>
<misc>&uk;</misc>
<gloss>to result in</gloss>
<gloss>to turn out</gloss>
<gloss>to end up</gloss>
<gloss>to prove (to be)</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<pos>&vi;</pos>
<misc>&uk;</misc>
<s_inf>as ...からなる or ...よりなる</s_inf>
<gloss>to consist of</gloss>
<gloss>to be composed of</gloss>
<gloss>to be made up of</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<pos>&vi;</pos>
<misc>&uk;</misc>
<gloss>to be completed</gloss>
<gloss>to be realized</gloss>
<gloss>to succeed</gloss>
<gloss>to be attained</gloss>
<gloss>to be accomplished</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<pos>&vi;</pos>
<misc>&uk;</misc>
<gloss>to change (into)</gloss>
<gloss>to turn (into)</gloss>
<gloss>to transform</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<pos>&vi;</pos>
<misc>&uk;</misc>
<gloss>to come (to do)</gloss>
<gloss>to begin (to do)</gloss>
<gloss>to grow (to do)</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<pos>&vi;</pos>
<misc>&uk;</misc>
<gloss>to come to</gloss>
<gloss>to amount to</gloss>
<gloss>to add up to</gloss>
<gloss>to make</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<pos>&vi;</pos>
<misc>&uk;</misc>
<gloss>to play (the part of)</gloss>
<gloss>to act as</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<pos>&vi;</pos>
<misc>&uk;</misc>
<gloss>to be used for</gloss>
<gloss>to be useful for</gloss>
<gloss>to serve as</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<pos>&vi;</pos>
<field>&shogi;</field>
<gloss>to be promoted</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&aux-v;</pos>
<pos>&v5r;</pos>
<misc>&hon;</misc>
<misc>&uk;</misc>
<s_inf>as お + masu stem + になる, or ご + noun + になる</s_inf>
<gloss>to do ...</gloss>
</sense>
<info>
<audit time="2011-01-31 06:32:39" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>rene</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Rene Malenfant</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>note could probably use some work</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>koj, meikyo, etc.</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -65,0 +65,6 @@
+&lt;sense&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;v5r;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;hon;&lt;/misc&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;as お+masu-stem+になる, ご+noun+になる, etc.&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to do ...&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;/sense&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2011-01-31 06:54:19" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Seems OK.</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2011-02-14 14:22:51" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Francis</upd_name>
<upd_detl>I have not amended the above, but I am wondering if you could add a [9] with a cross-link to the following:-

なる (suf,adj-f) (1) (arch) (See なり) that is in; (2) who is called; that is called; (3) that is

This very useful entry for the use of "なる" as a suffix is potentially overlooked as the searcher reads through the main entry above and reads all that entry has to say, but does not think to search elsewhere. With such text as "王なる者", this entry explains all.

I am not suggesting that there is a reverse link back to the main entry above. Simply, the suggested link to help the seacher, especially with "鳴る" following the main entry above.</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>See below.</upd_refs>
</audit>
<audit time="2011-02-14 22:59:22" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>You are asking for an xref to a  homonym. That's not usual in dictionaries. There may be a case for merging that other なる into this entry (Dajirin keeps them apart, but then it also splits 為る and 成る.)
I think either we merge them (I'm comfortable with that), or we leave it as it is.</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2011-02-15 04:48:55" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>rene</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Rene Malenfant</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>i don't think the two なる entries are equivalent.  (one is a verb, the other is the 
rentaikei of the "auxiliary verb" なり)</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2011-02-15 05:21:51" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>OK.Leave it as-is.</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2011-02-16 15:51:23" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Francis</upd_name>
<upd_detl>I agree that you are correct in that my request is for a cross-reference to a homonym and that Rene is also correct in stating that the two words are not linked. That is why I requested a one-way link only.
The difficulty, as I see it, is a question about how one can help the user to get the greatest benefit out of all your hard work; as opposed to one being focused upon conformity with form.
As it seems to me, the predominant entry is based upon the verb “to do” something”, the other is based upon an old form of “being, i.e., なり equals です”.
It seemed to me at the time of researching, and then making the submission, that with so many entries for the reading “なる” it may be of great help to the researcher to have the cross-reference. Thus, when the  user makes a search, the result for “なる” is bound to hit on the predominant entry first . Thus, it seemed good to add a note (9) on that entry which states that there is the other entry without implying a relationship. A little bit like a Google search where sometimes it says, “were you really searching for 'X'”
As an incidental point, when one clicks on the cross-reference in “なる[i.e., 也]” one gets “なり 《形; 態》 (n,adj-no) (uk) (See なりに) style; way; shape; form; appearance; state”. Then one has to scroll up the page for “なり 《也》 (aux-v) (1) (uk) (arch) (meaning ～だ、～である) be (an affirmation); (2) (uk) (arch) (meaning ～にある、～にいる. Usu. なる) (See なる) be (location); (n,suf) (3) (usu. 也) sum of money (used to express an exact sum on a receipt, envelope, certificate, etc.)”. The link back to “なる” works all right. However, maybe that is just my browser, but I thought that I would mention it.</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>See below.</upd_refs>
</audit>
<audit time="2011-02-17 22:51:12" stat="A">
<upd_uid>rene</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Rene Malenfant</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>i don't think an x-ref between homonyms is a good idea unless there is 
widespread confusion even among native speakers (e.g. as evidenced by a note 
or an x-ref in a japanese-japanese dictionary)</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-12-20 23:23:22" stat="A">
<upd_uid>rene</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Rene Malenfant</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_diff>@@ -63 +63,2 @@
-&lt;gloss&gt;to be promoted (shogi)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;field&gt;&amp;shogi;&lt;/field&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to be promoted&lt;/gloss&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-05-21 15:06:48" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Tidy-up. Added senses. Doesn't affect the sentences. (We only have sentences indexed to the first three senses.)</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>gg5, prog, daij</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -26 +26 @@
-&lt;gloss&gt;to be&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to turn&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -32,0 +33 @@
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;uk;&lt;/misc&gt;
@@ -34 +35,3 @@
-&lt;gloss&gt;to prove to be&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to turn out&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to end up&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to prove (to be)&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -38,0 +42,2 @@
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;uk;&lt;/misc&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;as ...からなる or ...よりなる&lt;/s_inf&gt;
@@ -40,0 +46 @@
+&lt;gloss&gt;to be made up of&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -44,0 +51,3 @@
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;uk;&lt;/misc&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to be completed&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to be realized&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -46 +55,2 @@
-&lt;gloss&gt;to be complete&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to be attained&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to be accomplished&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -51,2 +61,4 @@
-&lt;gloss&gt;to change into&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;to be exchanged for&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;uk;&lt;/misc&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to change (into)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to turn (into)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to transform&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -57,2 +69,28 @@
-&lt;xref type="see" seq="1648720"&gt;成り済ます・1&lt;/xref&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;to play a role&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;uk;&lt;/misc&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to come (to do)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to begin (to do)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to grow (to do)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;/sense&gt;
+&lt;sense&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;v5r;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;vi;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;uk;&lt;/misc&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to come to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to amount to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to add up to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to make&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;/sense&gt;
+&lt;sense&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;v5r;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;vi;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;uk;&lt;/misc&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to play (the part of)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to act as&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;/sense&gt;
+&lt;sense&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;v5r;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;vi;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;uk;&lt;/misc&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to be used for&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to be useful for&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;to serve as&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -66,0 +105 @@
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;aux-v;&lt;/pos&gt;
@@ -69 +108,2 @@
-&lt;s_inf&gt;as お+masu-stem+になる, ご+noun+になる, etc.&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;uk;&lt;/misc&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;as お + masu stem + になる or ご + noun+ になる&lt;/s_inf&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-05-21 22:49:40" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-11-20 22:47:28" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Frazer Robinson</upd_name>
<upd_diff>@@ -109 +109 @@
-&lt;s_inf&gt;as お + masu stem + になる or ご + noun+ になる&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;as お + verb -masu stem + になる, or ご + noun + になる&lt;/s_inf&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-11-21 01:07:21" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-11-21 01:19:57" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>I don't think that reads well. I preferred the previous version.</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-11-23 10:56:08" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Frazer Robinson</upd_name>
<upd_detl>I see that masu stem is quite often used out in the wild. I thought it might be confusing to novice learners but with the hits I’m getting on Google, I am 
probably mistaken.</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -109 +109 @@
-&lt;s_inf&gt;as お + verb -masu stem + になる, or ご + noun + になる&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;as お + masu stem + になる, or ご + noun + になる&lt;/s_inf&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-11-24 00:01:40" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Thanks.</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2023-11-07 04:35:53" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Stephen Kraus</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Surely 為る is [rK]</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+&lt;ke_inf&gt;&amp;rK;&lt;/ke_inf&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2023-11-07 05:58:27" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
</info>
</entry>