<entry id="2211142" stat="A" corpus="jmdict" type="jmdict">
<ent_corp type="jmdict">jmdict</ent_corp>
<ent_seq>2060970</ent_seq>
<k_ele>
<keb>ざるを得ない</keb>
</k_ele>
<r_ele>
<reb>ざるをえない</reb>
</r_ele>
<sense>
<pos>&exp;</pos>
<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
<s_inf>after the -nai stem of a verb</s_inf>
<gloss>have to</gloss>
<gloss>have no choice but to</gloss>
<gloss>cannot help (doing)</gloss>
<gloss>be compelled to</gloss>
<gloss>be obliged to</gloss>
<gloss>be forced to</gloss>
</sense>
<info>
<audit time="2005-09-20 00:00:00" stat="A">
<upd_detl>Entry created</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2017-09-26 07:57:31" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_diff>@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;adj-i;&lt;/pos&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2017-09-30 20:29:41" stat="A">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-03-28 07:51:00" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Marcus Richert</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>There should be a note here, but I forget what we call the 
"書か" stem of 書く/書かない. Also possibly [suf] or 
something?</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-03-28 08:19:02" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>johan</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Johan Råde</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_diff>@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-&lt;pos&gt;&amp;adj-i;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;aux-adj;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;after the -nai stem of a verb&lt;/s_inf&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-03-28 11:19:47" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-12-01 13:35:26" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>Marcus</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Marcus Richert</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_diff>@@ -15,4 +15,3 @@
-&lt;gloss&gt;have no choice but to&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;am compelled to&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;am obliged to&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;it is incumbent upon (me) to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;having no choice but to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;being compelled to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;being obliged to&lt;/gloss&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-12-02 10:28:23" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>I think I prefer the original forms.</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-12-12 14:33:41" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>I've checked all the examples I can find, including the 23 Tatoeba sentences, and I think 
the previous glosses work better.</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -15,3 +15,4 @@
-&lt;gloss&gt;having no choice but to&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;being compelled to&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;being obliged to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;have no choice but to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;am compelled to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;am obliged to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;it is incumbent upon (me) to&lt;/gloss&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2019-09-20 19:34:34" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>rene</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Rene Malenfant</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>i don't think we can call this an "aux-adj" or a "suffix".  ざる is the suffix.  this is an expression and it inflects like adj-i.  so adj-i.</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -12 +12 @@
-&lt;pos&gt;&amp;aux-adj;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;adj-i;&lt;/pos&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2019-09-20 20:55:01" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>OK</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2022-10-08 14:35:01" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>I think it's better to use the uninflected "be".</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>gg5</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -13,0 +14,2 @@
+&lt;gloss&gt;have to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;have no choice but to&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -15,4 +17,3 @@
-&lt;gloss&gt;have no choice but to&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;am compelled to&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;am obliged to&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;it is incumbent upon (me) to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;be compelled to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;be obliged to&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;be forced to&lt;/gloss&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2022-10-09 01:24:46" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>OK. I'll align the variants.</upd_detl>
</audit>
</info>
</entry>