<entry id="2103321" stat="A" corpus="jmdict" type="jmdict">
<ent_corp type="jmdict">jmdict</ent_corp>
<ent_seq>2028970</ent_seq>
<r_ele>
<reb>か</reb>
<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
</r_ele>
<sense>
<pos>&prt;</pos>
<s_inf>at sentence end</s_inf>
<gloss>indicates a question</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&prt;</pos>
<s_inf>after each alternative</s_inf>
<gloss>or</gloss>
<gloss>whether or not</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&prt;</pos>
<xref type="see" seq="1188270">何か・1</xref>
<s_inf>after an interrogative</s_inf>
<gloss>some- (e.g. something, someone)</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&prt;</pos>
<s_inf>indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; sometimes after other particles</s_inf>
<gloss>hmm</gloss>
<gloss>huh</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&pref;</pos>
<xref type="see" seq="1003060">か弱い</xref>
<s_inf>emphatic prefix; usu. before an adjective</s_inf>
<gloss>very</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&suf;</pos>
<xref type="see" seq="1435360">定か</xref>
<s_inf>suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; after an indeclinable word</s_inf>
<gloss>-al</gloss>
<gloss>-ial</gloss>
<gloss>-ic</gloss>
<gloss>-ical</gloss>
<gloss>-ish</gloss>
<gloss>-y</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&adv;</pos>
<misc>&arch;</misc>
<gloss>in that way</gloss>
</sense>
<info>
<audit time="2005-03-05 00:00:00" stat="A">
<upd_detl>Entry created</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-03-31 12:00:35" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Francis</upd_name>
<upd_detl>Would you be willing to give an example for [2] above in order to show usage. For example, one could include [eg, "彼か彼女か" meaning "him or her" or "これかそれか"　meaning "this or that"] or something similar.

In [1] above, it is quite clear for the novice searcher because you explain "indicates question (sentence end)" which is definitive in intended usage, but "か",　which crops up elsewhere in a sentence with various usage, is not quite so easy.

You do have a separate entry, e.g., "かどうか (exp) whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come"); (P)", which helps. Maybe, a little explanation of usage in the above [2] meaning with perhaps a cross-link with ""かどうか" would serve the purpose.</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>See below.</upd_refs>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-03-31 12:25:12" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>Marcus</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Marcus Richert</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>I think "or" would be a good gloss for (part of) the second 
sense</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-03-31 12:38:27" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>Marcus</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Marcus Richert</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_refs>daijr 
 「 －弱い」 「 －細い」</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -16,0 +17,4 @@
+&lt;sense&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;pref;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;gloss g_type="expl"&gt;emphatic prefix&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;/sense&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-03-31 22:38:59" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>rene</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Rene Malenfant</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>if the 'emphatic prefix' gloss gets an expl, then most of the rest of the standalone explanatory glosses here should have it too</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>naoko chino for prt senses
koj, daij, etc. for others</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -10,2 +10,2 @@
-&lt;s_inf&gt;was written with 歟&lt;/s_inf&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;indicates question (sentence end)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;was written as 歟; used at sentence-end&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -15 +15,15 @@
-&lt;gloss&gt;indicates choice, doubt, etc.&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;between alternatives&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;or&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;whether or not&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;/sense&gt;
+&lt;sense&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;prt;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;xref type="see" seq="1188270"&gt;何か&lt;/xref&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;after an interrogative&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;some- (e.g. something, someone)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;/sense&gt;
+&lt;sense&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;prt;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;xref type="see" seq="1008530"&gt;とか&lt;/xref&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;sometimes after other particles&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -19 +33,14 @@
-&lt;gloss g_type="expl"&gt;emphatic prefix&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;xref type="see" seq="1003060"&gt;か弱い&lt;/xref&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;usu. before an adjective&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;emphatic prefix&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;/sense&gt;
+&lt;sense&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;suf;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;xref type="see" seq="1435360"&gt;定か&lt;/xref&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;after an indeclinable word&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;suffix forming adjectives or adverbs&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;/sense&gt;
+&lt;sense&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;adv;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;misc&gt;&amp;arch;&lt;/misc&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;in that way&lt;/gloss&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-04-01 00:51:24" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Thanks for all the work on this. I've moved the Tatoeba key example along from sense 2 to sense 4. I need to trawl the 1000+ sentences for examples of the other senses. Most are for sense 1, or course.</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-04-01 02:36:42" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Marcus Richert</upd_name>
<upd_detl>is "《between alternatives》" strictly correct? wouldn't the 
"more correct" form be "AかBか", with "ＡかB" being seen as a 
shortened/casual version?</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-04-01 11:18:17" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Marcus Richert</upd_name>
<upd_diff>@@ -15 +15 @@
-&lt;s_inf&gt;between alternatives&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;after each alternative&lt;/s_inf&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2014-04-01 11:52:57" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2017-07-08 10:41:53" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Davide Della Via</upd_name>
<upd_refs>https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DC0ofblVwAAph8v.jpg:large</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -47,0 +48,4 @@
+&lt;sense&gt;
+&lt;pos&gt;&amp;prt;&lt;/pos&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;emphatic particle (often as かッ)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;/sense&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2017-07-08 11:49:16" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Is that really a particle? It looks like an interjection. Probably should be in a different entry, if included at all.</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2017-07-17 10:00:53" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>I think this should be a separate entry. I'll propose one, and close this.</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>Daijr (かっ entry)</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -48,4 +47,0 @@
-&lt;sense&gt;
-&lt;pos&gt;&amp;prt;&lt;/pos&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;emphatic particle (often as かッ)&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;/sense&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-04-05 12:21:31" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>Marcus</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Marcus Richert</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>removing "was written as 歟" from note as it was getting a 
little crowded in there
_
sense 1 could be "yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?" if that's 
what other editors prefer, I suppose.</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>sense 6 see
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-
grammar/about-adjectives-and-adverbs/adjectives-forms</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -10,2 +10,2 @@
-&lt;s_inf&gt;was written as 歟; used at sentence-end&lt;/s_inf&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;used at sentence-end; indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;?&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -28,2 +28,3 @@
-&lt;s_inf&gt;sometimes after other particles&lt;/s_inf&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; sometimes after other particles&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;hmm&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;huh&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -34,2 +35,2 @@
-&lt;s_inf&gt;usu. before an adjective&lt;/s_inf&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;emphatic prefix&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;emphatic prefix; usu. before an adjective&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;very&lt;/gloss&gt;
@@ -40,2 +41,7 @@
-&lt;s_inf&gt;after an indeclinable word&lt;/s_inf&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;suffix forming adjectives or adverbs&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; after an indeclinable word&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;-al&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;-ial&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;-ic&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;-ical&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;-ish&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;-y&lt;/gloss&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-04-08 23:32:38" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>rene</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Rene Malenfant</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>i don't really care for translating a word as a question mark.</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-04-17 10:32:59" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Moving to Marcus' alternative.</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -11 +11,4 @@
-&lt;gloss&gt;?&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;yes?&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;no?&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;isn't it?&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;is it?&lt;/gloss&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2019-12-11 20:25:57" stat="A">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_diff>@@ -30 +29,0 @@
-&lt;xref type="see" seq="1008530"&gt;とか・1&lt;/xref&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-05-23 23:32:30" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>I don't think we should try to force glosses for sense 1. Makes it look like か is only used for asking for confirmation.</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -10,5 +10,2 @@
-&lt;s_inf&gt;used at sentence-end; indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)&lt;/s_inf&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;yes?&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;no?&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;isn't it?&lt;/gloss&gt;
-&lt;gloss&gt;is it?&lt;/gloss&gt;
+&lt;s_inf&gt;at sentence end&lt;/s_inf&gt;
+&lt;gloss&gt;indicates a question&lt;/gloss&gt;</upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-05-24 01:38:41" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>I think it was an attempt to avoid having just an explanation as a gloss.</upd_detl>
</audit>
</info>
</entry>