jmdict
1497180
Active
(id:
2098821)
<entry id="2098821" stat="A" corpus="jmdict" type="jmdict">
<ent_corp type="jmdict">jmdict</ent_corp>
<ent_seq>1497180</ent_seq>
<k_ele>
<keb>普段</keb>
<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri>
<ke_pri>news1</ke_pri>
<ke_pri>nf07</ke_pri>
</k_ele>
<r_ele>
<reb>ふだん</reb>
<re_pri>ichi1</re_pri>
<re_pri>news1</re_pri>
<re_pri>nf07</re_pri>
</r_ele>
<sense>
<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
<pos>&n;</pos>
<s_inf>orig. written as 不断</s_inf>
<gloss>usual</gloss>
<gloss>normal</gloss>
<gloss>everyday</gloss>
<gloss>habitual</gloss>
<gloss>ordinary</gloss>
</sense>
<sense>
<pos>&n;</pos>
<pos>&adv;</pos>
<gloss>usually</gloss>
<gloss>normally</gloss>
<gloss>generally</gloss>
<gloss>habitually</gloss>
<gloss>always</gloss>
</sense>
<info>
<audit time="2017-03-04 21:22:31" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_detl>Daijr example of regular noun usage: 人間は普段が大切だ.</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>daijr/s: 副詞的にも用いる</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -18 +18,4 @@
-<s_inf>previously written as 不断</s_inf>
+<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
+<pos>&n-t;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<s_inf>originally written as 不断</s_inf>
@@ -22,0 +26,2 @@
+<gloss>usually</gloss>
+<gloss>generally</gloss></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2017-03-05 04:52:53" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-08-17 19:05:28" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Shouldn't mix adjective and adverb glosses. N-grams suggest adverbial usage is most common. Could maybe have another sense for adjective glosses.
Also, might it be a good idea to include 不断 in the kanji field (or alternatively add another sense to the 不断 entry that points here)?
All the kokugos have this definition under 不断, and while 普段 is used exclusively nowadays, if someone were to look up this use of 不断 from an older text, they wouldn't find this entry.</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -17 +16,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -19,0 +19 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -22,4 +21,0 @@
-<gloss>usual</gloss>
-<gloss>habitual</gloss>
-<gloss>ordinary</gloss>
-<gloss>everyday</gloss>
@@ -26,0 +23 @@
+<gloss>normally</gloss>
@@ -27,0 +25 @@
+<gloss>habitually</gloss></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-08-18 00:24:51" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_diff>@@ -21 +21 @@
-<s_inf>originally written as 不断</s_inf>
+<s_inf>orig. written as 不断</s_inf></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-08-18 13:55:17" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Thoughts about my suggestion?</upd_detl>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-08-19 06:22:39" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Sorry, I was going too fast and should have read what you wrote more closely.
From what I'm seeing in the n-grams the adjectival use is more common. That matches the JEs, which have adjectival translations only or first. I propose to switch back to the previous set.
A good point about 不断. I think adding another sense to the 不断 entry is the way to go. 広辞苑 does this: "(「普段」とも書く) 平生。平常。"</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>G n-grams (KM proportions the same):
普段 14123584
普段な 3917
普段の 2247745
普段と 312245
普段に 73678</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -19 +19,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@
-<gloss>usually</gloss>
-<gloss>normally</gloss>
-<gloss>generally</gloss>
-<gloss>habitually</gloss>
-<gloss>always</gloss>
+<gloss>usual</gloss>
+<gloss>normal</gloss>
+<gloss>general</gloss>
+<gloss>habitual</gloss>
+<gloss>ordinary</gloss></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-08-19 21:46:23" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Adverbial usage is when 普段 appears on its own. It's hard to be certain from these n-grams, but it appears to be more common than any other type of usage. When you include "普段は" (which functions like an adverb), it's much more common. Prog and ウィズダム和英辞典 also lead with adverb glosses.
I think adverb glosses are more helpful here.</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>prog: "ふだん (は) 〔平常〕usually; 〔常に〕always"
普段 14123584
普段は 3084468
普段の 2247745
普段と 312245
普段が 31564
普段を 5771</upd_refs>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-08-19 22:29:09" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>rene</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Rene Malenfant</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>i could go either way on the glosses, but this is ateji, and we don't need both n-t and n. i kept n-t, but it could go either way</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<ke_inf>&ateji;</ke_inf>
@@ -20 +20,0 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-08-20 00:24:35" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>How's this, then.
I take the point about 普段は.., which would often be translated as something like "Usually, ..", but I think it's a stretch to regard such topicalization as really adverbial usage.</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -19 +18,0 @@
-<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
@@ -27,0 +27,8 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
+<gloss>usually</gloss>
+<gloss>normally</gloss>
+<gloss>generally</gloss>
+<gloss>habitually</gloss>
+<gloss>always</gloss>
+</sense></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-08-20 23:24:26" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>I think this is OK. Made a couple of changes to the adjective glosses.
Indeed, "普段は" technically isn't adverbial, but given how common it is (along with 普段から, 普段より, etc.), it's definitely helpful for translation purposes to have adverb glosses.</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>gg5</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -23 +23 @@
-<gloss>general</gloss>
+<gloss>everyday</gloss></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-08-20 23:53:07" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2018-08-21 16:55:08" stat="A">
<upd_uid>robin1354</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Robin Scott</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_diff>@@ -19 +19 @@
-<pos>&n-t;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -28 +28 @@
-<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
+<pos>&n-t;</pos></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-02-25 18:27:34" stat="A" unap="true">
<upd_name>Edward Coventry</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Adding n-adv is consistent with Unidic</upd_detl>
<upd_refs>Unidic classifies as 名詞, 普通名詞, 副詞可能, -> Noun, Common Noun, Adverb-able</upd_refs>
<upd_diff>@@ -28,0 +29 @@
+<pos>&n-adv;</pos></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-02-27 00:34:38" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-03-10 04:49:37" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Removing n-t from n-adv,n-t</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -28 +27,0 @@
-<pos>&n-t;</pos></upd_diff>
</audit>
<audit time="2021-03-31 04:44:01" stat="A">
<upd_uid>jwb</upd_uid>
<upd_name>Jim Breen</upd_name>
<upd_email>...address hidden...</upd_email>
<upd_detl>Bulk update n-adv to n,adv
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-</upd_detl>
<upd_diff>@@ -28 +28,2 @@
-<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adv;</pos></upd_diff>
</audit>
</info>
</entry>