JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1038120 Active (id: 2348382)

カフェテリア [gai1] ；キャフェテリア [sk]

1.

[n]
▶ cafeteria

History:

4.	A 2025-09-25 05:51:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-09-24 03:34:12
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
2.	A 2024-08-21 18:12:00 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Merging.
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>キャフェテリア</reb>
1.	A* 2024-08-21 13:45:40
	Refs:	キャフェテリア 1117 0.8%　(1038120) カフェテリア 131171 99.2%

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jmdict 1192510 Active (id: 2348404)
家鳴り；鳴家；鳴屋；家鳴 [sK]
【やなり】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ rattling and trembling of a house (traditionally believed to be caused by oni or the deceased)
▶ creaking of a building (and its furniture)

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2025-09-25 20:24:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-09-24 13:28:51 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Smk has [vi] 角川古語: [...] また、その音。怪異現象とされる。 Dajijsen: 日本の伝承にある怪現象。家や家具がきしんで音を発したり揺れたりする怪異で、死者の霊や小鬼の仕業と伝えられることもある。「鳴屋」とも書く。 Pixiv: 家や家具が揺れ出す怪異「家鳴り」の別表記の一つ。 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 鳴家　 │ 9,044 │ 60.3% │This is odd, but I don't really see where hits for this could come from apart from やなり, putting second for now (only in jawiki) │ 家鳴り │ 3,126 │ 20.8% │ │ 鳴屋　 │ 1,740 │ 11.6% │Daijisen, Pixiv; add │ 家鳴　 │ 1,087 │ 7.2% │Okurigana variant; Smk; add; [sK] ╰─ーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/家鳴 .
	Comments:	The folklore note is possibly relevant for the pending 逆柱 entry. Perhaps a full second sense isn't needed
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,10 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>鳴家</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>鳴屋</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>家鳴</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -13 +23,3 @@ -<gloss>rattling of a house</gloss> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>rattling and trembling of a house (traditionally believed to be caused by oni or the deceased)</gloss> +<gloss>creaking of a building (and its furniture)</gloss>

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jmdict 1319520 Active (id: 2348358)
七面鳥 [news2,nf40] ；七面鶏 [sK]
【しちめんちょう [news2,nf40] ；シチメンチョウ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)

History:

14.	A 2025-09-24 06:05:14 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────────╮ │ 七面鳥　　　　 │ 112,040 │ │ 七面鶏　　　　 │ 42 │ - add (seen in the wild) │ しちめんちょう │ 1,042 │ │ シチメンチョウ │ 1,874 │ ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────────╯
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>七面鶏</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
13.	A 2024-08-28 12:10:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/Editorial_policy#Cross-References - "Avoid adding cross-references to words which simply mean the same (or opposite)"
	Comments:	As 七面鳥 and ターキー are about equally common, I don't think the xrefs are appropriate, I'll remove them.
	Diff:	@@ -20 +19,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2071650">ターキー・1</xref>
12.	A* 2024-08-27 05:08:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11.	A 2024-08-27 05:07:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://github.com/JMdictProject/JMdictIssues/issues/135 https://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/Editorial_policy#Cross-References
	Comments:	I have raised a policy point on the subject of cross-references. I'll close this to shorten the queue, then reopen it. Note the current policy contains: "Avoid adding cross-references to words which simply mean the same (or opposite), as it adds a lot of clutter to the entries without necessarily being helpful to users."
10.	A* 2024-08-26 21:54:30 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	"I think we often add x-refs when the kokugos define words as "〇〇に同じ" or similar." I would say that no, we don't, and haven't really since the days of Nils Roland Barth, but I could have missed some new development the past year or two. I don't think it's meaningful to add these until the arrival of jmdict NG when we supposedly get a revised xref system (though I don't remember if "synonym" was among the suggestions, nor am I sure it should have been)
(show/hide 9 older log entries)
9.	A* 2024-08-26 21:09:23 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Robin commented on entry 1723430 (文鳥) >> For animals, I think we always keep the katakana form visible, even if it's rare.
	Comments:	Changing it back to [nokanji].
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +<re_nokanji/>
8.	A* 2024-08-26 20:17:54 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮ │ 七面鳥を食べ　 │ 996 │ 50.0% │ │ ターキーを食べ │ 995 │ 50.0% │ ├─ーーーーーーー─┼─────┼───────┤ │ 七面鳥を焼い　 │ 598 │ 38.9% │ │ ターキーを焼い │ 941 │ 61.1% │ ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯ ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 七面鳥　　　　 │ 112,040 │ 97.5% │ │ しちめんちょう │ 1,042 │ 0.9% │ │ シチメンチョウ │ 1,874 │ 1.6% │ - sk ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	I think we often add x-refs when the kokugos define words as "〇〇に同じ" or similar. This one seems okay to me.
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<re_nokanji/> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2071650">ターキー・1</xref>
7.	A* 2024-08-26 09:33:05 GM <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I added the xref because I thought it's good to note that ターキー is also a thing. I didn't add it just because they are synonyms. I did the same with 随筆 see 1372790. In the case of 随筆, エッセイ is way more common so it makes more sense to add it, but 七面鳥 and ターキー seem equally common (see ngrams) so I thought that the two-way xref was justified.
6.	A* 2024-08-25 12:37:51 Marcus Richert
	Comments:	We don't do "synonym" xrefs any longer.
	Diff:	@@ -20 +19,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2071650">ターキー・1</xref>
5.	A 2024-08-25 08:00:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2024-08-25 04:42:21 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	七面鳥 112,040 ターキー 104,080 デジタル大辞泉
	Comments:	almost all kokugos mention ターキー
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2071650">ターキー・1</xref>
3.	A 2013-02-07 07:36:36 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Your version is probably better. I went with the less specific version mostly because the English word "turkey" can refer to more than one particular species: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey_(bird) "A turkey is a large bird in the genus Meleagris. One species, Meleagris gallopavo, commonly known as the Wild Turkey, is native to the forests of North America. The domestic turkey is a descendant of this species. The other living species is Meleagris ocellata or the Ocellated Turkey, native to the forests of the Yucatán Peninsula."
2.	A* 2013-02-07 07:04:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	-where's the evidence that it's more broad than 'Meleagris gallopavo'? daijs is simply saying that it is one bird that belongs to that family. if it meant "spp." it would say "総称". i see nothing from skimming wiki -saying 'wild turkey' is misleading as it clearly usually refers to the domesticated turkey. 'turkey' should suffice
	Diff:	@@ -20,1 +20,1 @@ -<gloss>turkey (Meleagris spp., esp. wild turkey, Meleagris gallopavo)</gloss> +<gloss>turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)</gloss>
1.	A* 2013-02-07 06:31:45 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	七面鳥 is much more common though (ca 180k vs 10k (b)) http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/シチメ� �チョウ daijs: "キジ目シチメンチョウ科の鳥。"
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>シチメンチョウ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -16,1 +20,1 @@ -<gloss>turkey</gloss> +<gloss>turkey (Meleagris spp., esp. wild turkey, Meleagris gallopavo)</gloss>

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jmdict 1464030 Active (id: 2348365)
日光 [ichi1,news1,nf11]
【にっこう [ichi1,news1,nf11] 】

1.

[n]
▶ sunlight
▶ sunshine
▶ sunbeams

2.

[n]
▶ Nikkō (city in Tochigi)

3.

[n] [abbr] {Buddhism}
▶ Suryaprabha (bodhisattva)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2266030 日光菩薩 1. Suryaprabha (bodhisattva)

History:

6.	A 2025-09-24 15:09:54 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	And daijirin
5.	A* 2025-09-24 12:54:44 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Shinsen, Oukoku
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2266030">日光菩薩</xref> +<field>&Buddh;</field> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>Suryaprabha (bodhisattva)</gloss>
4.	A 2021-10-29 11:33:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	More than a city, really.
3.	A* 2021-10-29 07:22:53 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	policy: The proper names considered appropriate for inclusion are: Japanese prefectures major Japanese cities, in particular, the designated cities and the capitals of prefectures
	Comments:	not a 中核市 etc. but certainly the most well-known city of Tochigi. Historically important
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>Nikkō (city in Tochigi)</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A 2017-11-11 00:08:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2017-11-04 17:37:46 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@ +<gloss>sunshine</gloss> +<gloss>sunbeams</gloss>

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jmdict 1464910 Active (id: 2348405)
日用品 [ichi1,news1,nf20]
【にちようひん [ichi1,news1,nf20] 】

1.

[n]
▶ daily necessities
▶ everyday item

History:

2.	A 2025-09-25 20:25:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-09-24 03:51:07 Tsuchida
	Comments:	It can also just be something you use regularly in your house (rather than a daily necessity you buy at a store)
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>everyday item</gloss>

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jmdict 1512950 Active (id: 2348511)
弁財天；弁才天；辨財天 [oK] ；辯才天 [oK]
【べんざいてん；べざいてん (弁財天, 弁才天) [rk] 】

1.

[n]
▶ Benzaiten
▶ Saraswati
▶ [expl] goddess of music, eloquence, art, wealth and water

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1319460 七福神 1. Seven Gods of Fortune; Seven Deities of Good Luck; Seven Lucky Gods

History:

5.	A 2025-09-29 20:07:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes to [rk].
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25 @@ +<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf>
4.	A* 2025-09-24 16:46:06 Sombrero1
	Comments:	Or perhaps it should be two senses as in the 大黒天 entry?
3.	A* 2025-09-24 16:42:39 Sombrero1
	Refs:	べざいてん is only in daijs, daijr, koj, each of them xrefs to べんざいてん. Perhaps [rk] enwiki says "Goddess of all that flows: water, music, arts, love, wisdom, wealth, fortune" GG5 says " Goddess of Eloquence, Music, and Art .
	Comments:	We have 七福神 and the other related entries untagged
	Diff:	@@ -28 +28 @@ -<field>&Buddh;</field> +<xref type="see" seq="1319460">七福神</xref> @@ -31 +31 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">goddess of music, eloquence, also wealth and water</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">goddess of music, eloquence, art, wealth and water</gloss>
2.	A 2013-02-17 04:20:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-02-16 16:22:11 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 daijr koj en:WP http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzaiten 1,320,000 弁財天 263,000 弁才天 62,100 辨財天 20,800 辯才天
	Comments:	Add Benzaiten as gloss, since reasonably distinct from original Indian goddess. Also split off [expl] and specify goddess, and sort/clarify associations (fundamentally music and eloquence, fortune later) Reorder by frequency – notably 辯才天 original but little-used
	Diff:	@@ -11,1 +11,1 @@ -<keb>辯才天</keb> +<keb>辨財天</keb> @@ -15,1 +15,1 @@ -<keb>辨財天</keb> +<keb>辯才天</keb> @@ -29,1 +29,3 @@ -<gloss>Saraswati (god of wealth, music, eloquence and water)</gloss> +<gloss>Benzaiten</gloss> +<gloss>Saraswati</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">goddess of music, eloquence, also wealth and water</gloss>

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jmdict 1786600 Active (id: 2348380)
大黒天
【だいこくてん】

1.

[n] {Buddhism}
▶ Mahakala (incarnation of Mahesvara)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1786590 大黒【だいこく】 1. god of wealth
	⇐ see: 2845029 三戦神【さんせんじん】 1. the three guardian deities in time of war (Marici, Mahakala and Vaisravana)

2.

[n]
▶ Daikokuten
▶ [expl] god of wealth

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1319460 七福神 1. Seven Gods of Fortune; Seven Deities of Good Luck; Seven Lucky Gods
	⇐ see: 2728230 子祭り【ねまつり】 1. festival in honor of Daikokuten
	⇐ see: 2580470 大国主神【おおくにぬしのかみ】 1. Okuninushi; deity of magic and medicine later viewed as equivalent to Daikokuten and celebrated at Izumo Grand Shrine
	⇐ see: 2580460 大国主命【おおくにぬしのみこと】 1. Okuninushi; deity of magic and medicine later viewed as equivalent to Daikokuten and celebrated at Izumo Grand Shrine
	⇐ see: 1786590 大黒【だいこく】 1. god of wealth

History:

2.	A 2025-09-25 05:48:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-09-24 16:33:39 Sombrero1
	Comments:	aligning 七福神 entries
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17,3 @@ -<gloss>Daikokuten (god of wealth)</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1319460">七福神</xref> +<gloss>Daikokuten</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">god of wealth</gloss>

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jmdict 2083610 Active (id: 2348348)

べた；ベタ

1.

[adj-na,n]
《usu. adverbially as 〜に》
▶ all over
▶ filled in
▶ solid
▶ gapless

2.

[n-pref]
《before a noun》
▶ complete
▶ total

3.

[adj-na] [col]
▶ clichéd
▶ hackneyed
▶ corny
▶ predictable

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1011440 ベタベタ 5. clichéd; hackneyed

4.

[adj-no] {computing}
▶ plaintext

5.

[n] [abbr] {printing}
▶ solid printing
▶ solid typesetting

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2534890 ベタ組み 1. solid printing; solid typesetting

6.

[n] [abbr] {photography}
▶ contact print

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2534900 ベタ焼き 1. contact print

History:

11.	A 2025-09-24 03:49:34 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -40 +40 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2534890">べた組み</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2534890">ベタ組み</xref>
10.	A 2025-09-23 17:31:33 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	ベタ焼き is more common
	Diff:	@@ -48 +48 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2534900">べた焼き・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2534900">ベタ焼き・1</xref>
9.	A 2024-11-25 23:38:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2024-11-25 01:13:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13,2 @@ -<s_inf>usu. as べたに</s_inf> -<gloss>covering</gloss> +<s_inf>usu. adverbially as 〜に</s_inf> +<gloss>all over</gloss> @@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>solid</gloss> @@ -17 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>all over</gloss>
7.	A 2024-11-21 01:10:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -28 +27,0 @@ -<gloss>cliched</gloss>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A 2022-01-09 18:35:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -41,0 +42 @@ +<field>&print;</field> @@ -48,0 +50 @@ +<field>&photo;</field>
5.	A 2013-08-18 00:17:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm happy with "col".
	Diff:	@@ -27,1 +27,1 @@ -<misc>&sl;</misc> +<misc>&col;</misc>
4.	A* 2013-08-17 23:06:39 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	<quote> ベタなテレビドラマ = Beta na terebi dorama = TV shows full of predictable behavior or lines. ... adjective : ベタな/べたな= betana Note : You can write them either in katakana or hiragana It means cliché, stereotypical, too typical, corny, old hat <unquote> http://maggiesensei.com/2011/07/22/べた-ベタ-beta-colloquial/
	Comments:	It's marked as "slang" but I wonder if it's more of a colloquial term.
	Diff:	@@ -29,0 +29,1 @@ +<gloss>clichéd</gloss> @@ -30,0 +31,2 @@ +<gloss>corny</gloss> +<gloss>predictable</gloss>
3.	A 2013-07-15 23:02:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2013-07-15 19:54:45 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, gg5, meikyo, shinmeikai
	Comments:	very commonly written as ベタ, which perhaps means that it should be merged with 1119610 though they obviously have different etymologies
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ベタ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -9,3 +12,6 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2534890">べた組み</xref> -<gloss>things without gaps or spaces between them</gloss> -<gloss>something painted or printed solid</gloss> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<s_inf>usu. as べたに</s_inf> +<gloss>covering</gloss> +<gloss>filled in</gloss> +<gloss>gapless</gloss> +<gloss>all over</gloss> @@ -14,3 +20,4 @@ -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> -<field>&comp;</field> -<gloss>plain (e.g. plain text)</gloss> +<pos>&n-pref;</pos> +<s_inf>before a noun</s_inf> +<gloss>complete</gloss> +<gloss>total</gloss> @@ -24,0 +31,18 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<field>&comp;</field> +<gloss>plaintext</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2534890">べた組み</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>solid printing</gloss> +<gloss>solid typesetting</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2534900">べた焼き・1</xref> +<misc>&abbr;</misc> +<gloss>contact print</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A 2006-06-04 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2087300 Active (id: 2348441)
か如何か [sK]
【かどうか [spec1] 】

1.

[exp]
▶ whether (or not)
▶ if

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1632200 如何か【どうか】 3. whether (or not); if

History:

5.	A 2025-09-27 15:02:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2025-09-26 11:12:02 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────────┬───────╮ │ か如何か │ 4,452 │ 0.0% │Jitsuyou; add; [sK] (very surprised this has more than a handful of hits) │ かどうか │ 17,654,702 │100.0% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Aligning glosses with どうか sense I also don't think the note is needed, we typically have those for auxiliary verbs and the likes.
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>か如何か</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -10 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>whether or not</gloss> +<gloss>whether (or not)</gloss> +<gloss>if</gloss>
3.	A 2025-09-25 20:19:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think it's best omitted.
	Diff:	@@ -10 +9,0 @@ -<s_inf>after a verb, noun, or adjective; in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come"</s_inf>
2.	A* 2025-09-24 19:29:19 Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not sure if a grammatical sense note is needed, but that explanation could probably be moved to a note.
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10,2 @@ -<gloss>whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")</gloss> +<s_inf>after a verb, noun, or adjective; in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come"</s_inf> +<gloss>whether or not</gloss>
1.	A 2006-07-09 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2094450 Active (id: 2348350)
心身障害児；心身障がい児 [sK]
【しんしんしょうがいじ】

1.

[n]
▶ child with a physical or mental disability
▶ disabled child

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2469560 障害児 1. child with a (physical or mental) disability; disabled child

History:

4.	A 2025-09-24 03:50:54 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	心身障害児 72661 97.8% 心身障がい児 1608 2.2%
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>心身障がい児</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3.	A 2022-06-08 01:42:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2022-06-08 00:33:45 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr 心身障害児 72661 障害児 974826
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2469560">障害児</xref> +<gloss>child with a physical or mental disability</gloss> @@ -13 +14,0 @@ -<gloss>physically handicapped child</gloss>
1.	A 2006-08-08 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2210250 Active (id: 2348446)
見かけによらず；見掛けによらず [sK] ；見掛けに依らず [sK]
【みかけによらず】

1.

[exp]
▶ in contrast to (one's, its) appearance

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2252580 見かけによらない【みかけによらない】 1. does not match (one's, its) appearance

History:

3.	A 2025-09-27 18:36:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-09-24 19:24:47 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	見かけによらず 51,536 91.2% 見掛けによらず 2,248 4.0% -sK 見掛けに依らず 60 0.1% -sK みかけによらず 2,676 4.7%
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -11,0 +13 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
1.	A 2007-10-06 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2210810 Active (id: 2348402)
統計法
【とうけいほう】

1.

[n] {law}
▶ Statistics Act

History:

3.	A 2025-09-25 20:21:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
2.	A* 2025-09-24 03:47:44 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/ja/laws/view/148
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>statistics law</gloss> -<gloss>the laws of statistics</gloss> +<field>&law;</field> +<gloss>Statistics Act</gloss>
1.	A 2007-10-06 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2254600 Active (id: 2348356)

ジェンツーペンギン；ジェンツー・ペンギン

1.

[n]
▶ gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua)

History:

3.	A 2025-09-24 05:18:42 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ ジェンツーペンギン　 │ 4,945 │ 96.2% │ │ ジェンツー・ペンギン │ 193 │ 3.8% │ ╰─ーーーーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
2.	A* 2025-09-24 03:45:46
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ジェンツー・ペンギン</reb>
1.	A 2008-02-05 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2467570 Active (id: 2348447)

カフドパンツ；カフド・パンツ

1.

[n]
▶ cuffed pants

History:

3.	A 2025-09-27 18:36:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-09-24 03:46:02
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>カフド・パンツ</reb>
1.	A 2009-07-17 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2469560 Active (id: 2348349)
障害児；障碍児 [rK] ；障がい児 [sK]
【しょうがいじ】

1.

[n]
▶ child with a (physical or mental) disability
▶ disabled child

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2831079 害児【がいじ】 1. retard; moron; cripple
	⇐ see: 2830010 健常児【けんじょうじ】 1. healthy child; non-disabled child; child without a disability
	⇐ see: 2094450 心身障害児【しんしんしょうがいじ】 1. child with a physical or mental disability; disabled child

History:

5.	A 2025-09-24 03:50:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	障害児 974826 96.2% 障がい児 33156 3.3% 障碍児 5333 0.5%
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8,2 @@ -<keb>障がい児</keb> +<keb>障碍児</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -11 +12,2 @@ -<keb>障碍児</keb> +<keb>障がい児</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2021-07-22 22:49:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daijr
	Comments:	X-ref not needed.
	Diff:	@@ -18,3 +18,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2830010">健常児</xref> -<gloss>handicapped child</gloss> -<gloss>handicapped children</gloss> +<gloss>child with a (physical or mental) disability</gloss> +<gloss>disabled child</gloss>
3.	A* 2021-07-22 13:37:44 Nicolas Maia
	Comments:	障害児 974826 障がい児 33156 障碍児 5333 障礙児 No matches
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,6 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>障がい児</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>障碍児</keb>
2.	A 2016-08-16 01:27:30 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2830010">健常児</xref>
1.	A 2009-07-17 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2771400 Active (id: 2359411)
烏賊フライ [sK]
【イカフライ；いかフライ】

1.

[n] {food, cooking}
▶ fried squid
▶ calamari

History:

5.	A 2026-02-03 05:37:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Remove uk tags -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc>
4.	A 2025-09-24 03:48:41 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -9 +9,0 @@ -<re_nokanji/>
3.	A* 2025-09-24 03:47:02
	Refs:	烏賊フライ 179 0.7% いかフライ 2679 11.1% イカフライ 21194 88.1%
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8,2 @@ -<reb>いかフライ</reb> +<reb>イカフライ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> @@ -11,2 +12 @@ -<reb>イカフライ</reb> -<re_nokanji/> +<reb>いかフライ</reb>
2.	A 2013-02-17 11:10:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-02-15 11:25:15 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	58k, 3.8k for kanji http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/イカフ� �イ google images confirm it's not exclusively calamari

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jmdict 2854918 Active (id: 2348353)
障害児教育；障がい児教育 [sK]
【しょうがいじきょういく】

1.

[n]
▶ education of children with disabilities

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2413980 特別支援教育 1. special education; special-needs education; education for children with special needs

History:

3.	A 2025-09-24 03:51:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	障害児教育 106533 98.2% 障がい児教育 1903 1.8%
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>障がい児教育</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2022-06-08 01:00:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-06-07 21:01:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daijr, koj

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jmdict 2854923 Active (id: 2348352)
障害児学級；障がい児学級 [sK]
【しょうがいじがっきゅう】

1.

[n]
▶ special class for disabled children
▶ special needs class

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2826789 特別支援学級 1. special class for disabled children; special needs class

History:

3.	A 2025-09-24 03:51:22 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	障害児学級 22608 95.7% 障がい児学級 1015 4.3%
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>障がい児学級</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2022-06-08 00:20:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2022-06-08 00:15:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 G n-grams: 22608

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jmdict 2860200 Active (id: 2348357)
可付番
【かふばん】

1.

[adj-f] {mathematics}
▶ countable (of a set)
▶ enumerable
▶ denumerable

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2077680 可算 2. countable (of a set); enumerable; denumerable

History:

4.	A 2025-09-24 05:19:52 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Indeed
3.	A* 2025-09-24 03:04:21 Lorenzi
	Comments:	Apparently there was a typo in the reading.
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>ふかばん</reb> +<reb>かふばん</reb>
2.	A 2024-02-15 00:16:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2024-02-14 21:08:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, jawiki, 世界大百科

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jmdict 2867324 Active (id: 2348429)
逆柱
【さかばしら】

1.

[n]
▶ wooden pillar placed with its base pointing up (believed to cause ominous phenomena)
▶ inverted pillar

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2867339 逆さ柱【さかさばしら】 1. wooden pillar placed with its base pointing up (believed to cause ominous phenomena); inverted pillar

2.

[n]
▶ having one pillar of a building inverted (so as to not strive for perfection)

History:

5.	A 2025-09-26 20:02:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2025-09-26 12:41:23 Sombrero1
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>wooden pillar placed with its base pointing up (believed to be cause ominous phenomena)</gloss> +<gloss>wooden pillar placed with its base pointing up (believed to cause ominous phenomena)</gloss>
3.	A* 2025-09-24 13:48:32 Sombrero1
	Comments:	"total perfection" seems a bit tautological on second thought
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<gloss>having one pillar of a building inverted (so as to not strive for total perfection)</gloss> +<gloss>having one pillar of a building inverted (so as to not strive for perfection)</gloss>
2.	A* 2025-09-24 13:46:50 Sombrero1
	Refs:	GG5 Koj: 逆木さかぎの柱。不吉として嫌った。また、日光の陽明門などのように、結構に過ぎることを恐れて建物の柱1本だけを逆柱にすることもある。さかさばしら。さかぎばしら。 Daijr: ①さかさばしら（逆柱）に同じ。 ②あまりに完全過ぎることを恐れ、建物の柱の一本をあえて上下逆にしたもの。日光東照宮の陽明門はその例。 Nikkoku: (1)材木の根もとを上にして立てた柱。この柱のある家は、家鳴（やなり）などの怪異があるという。さかさばしら。さかさまばしら。 (2)建物の柱のうち一本だけを上下逆にするもの。立派になりすぎることを恐れたもので、日光陽明門の逆柱はその例。 .
	Comments:	Didn't really see a good/justified opportunity to reference to my edit on the 家鳴り entry. Probably not needed
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,6 @@ -<gloss>wooden pillar placed in the opposite vertical direction from how it grew as a tree (believed to cause ominous phenomena)</gloss> +<gloss>wooden pillar placed with its base pointing up (believed to be cause ominous phenomena)</gloss> +<gloss>inverted pillar</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>having one pillar of a building inverted (so as to not strive for total perfection)</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-09-24 02:23:20 Joe Murray
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/逆柱-509133#w-509133 逆柱 2909 daijs
	Comments:	Definition could use some work maybe, a bit long

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jmdict 2867325 Active (id: 2349113)

ファンミーティング；ファン・ミーティング

1.

[n]
▶ fan meeting
▶ fan meet
▶ meet-and-greet

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2867326 ファンミ 1. fan meeting; fan meet; meet-and-greet

History:

2.	A 2025-10-09 04:26:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijs
1.	A* 2025-09-24 04:29:07
	Refs:	ファンミーティング 57976 97.0% private live conversation in family chat (sisters in their late 30s): A: 吹田の万博でtimeleszのファンミやってて花火がガッツリ上がってた！ B: ファンミ？ A: ファンミーティング https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/127368/ ファンミに参加するって英語でなんて言うの？ https://www.ticket.co.jp/entx/entertainment/about-fanmeeting/ ファンミーティングとは、アイドルや芸能人とそのファンが直接交流するイベントです。略語で「ファンミ」と呼ばれることもあります。ファンミーティングは、ファンサービスとして開催されるもので、ファンにとっては憧れの存在と近くで関われる貴重な機会となります。具体的な内容はイベントにより異なりますが、一般的に下記のようなことが行われる場合が多いです。

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jmdict 2867326 Active (id: 2349114)

ファンミ

1.

[n] [abbr,sl]
▶ fan meeting
▶ fan meet
▶ meet-and-greet

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2867325 ファンミーティング 1. fan meeting; fan meet; meet-and-greet

History:

2.	A 2025-10-09 04:28:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ファンミ 103465 KOD: ファンミ(ーティング)
1.	A* 2025-09-24 04:29:25
	Refs:	ファンミーティング 57976 97.0% private live conversation in family chat (sisters in their late 30s): A: 吹田の万博でtimeleszのファンミやってて花火がガッツリ上がってた！ B: ファンミ？ A: ファンミーティング https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/127368/ ファンミに参加するって英語でなんて言うの？ https://www.ticket.co.jp/entx/entertainment/about-fanmeeting/ ファンミーティングとは、アイドルや芸能人とそのファンが直接交流するイベントです。略語で「ファンミ」と呼ばれることもあります。ファンミーティングは、ファンサービスとして開催されるもので、ファンにとっては憧れの存在と近くで関われる貴重な機会となります。具体的な内容はイベントにより異なりますが、一般的に下記のようなことが行われる場合が多いです。

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jmdict 2867327 Active (id: 2348552)
労せずして
【ろうせずして】

1.

[exp,adv]
▶ without labor
▶ without effort
▶ easily

History:

2.	A 2025-09-30 19:20:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos>
1.	A* 2025-09-24 19:36:29 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, sankoku, gg5 労せずして 12,811

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jmnedict 5747417 Active (id: 2348403)
画図百鬼夜行
【がずひゃっきやぎょう；がずひゃっきやこう】

1.

[work]
▶ Gazu Hyakki Yagyō (illustrated supernatural bestiary; published in 1776 by Toriyama Sekien)
▶ Gazu Hyakki Yakō

History:

3.	A 2025-09-25 20:22:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-09-24 13:21:12 Sombrero1
	Comments:	Should be aligned with the gloss, our 百鬼夜行 has the readings this way as well.
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>がずひゃっきやこう</reb> +<reb>がずひゃっきやぎょう</reb> @@ -11 +11 @@ -<reb>がずひゃっきやぎょう</reb> +<reb>がずひゃっきやこう</reb> @@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>Gazu Hyakki Yakō</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-09-24 13:19:19 Sombrero1
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazu_Hyakki_Yagyō https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/画図百鬼夜行 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 画図百鬼夜行 │ 4,055 │100.0% │ ╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯

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jmnedict 5747418 Active (id: 2348381)

ヴラド・ツェペシュ；ヴラドツェペシュ

1.

[person]
▶ Vlad the Impaler
▶ Vlad Țepeș

History:

2.

A 2025-09-25 05:50:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>

1.

A* 2025-09-24 16:30:58 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>

Refs:

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ヴラド・ツェペシュ
>> 日本ではしばしばヴラド・ツェペシュと呼ばれる

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlad_the_Impaler
>> Vlad III is known as Vlad Țepeș (or Vlad the Impaler) in Romanian historiography.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ ヴラド・ツェペシュ │ 1,828 │ 98.7% │
│ ヴラドツェペシュ　 │    25 │  1.3% │
╰─ーーーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯

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9.	A 2025-12-18 04:27:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2025-12-18 00:58:27
	Comments:	according to jpwiki
	Diff:	@@ -33,0 +34 @@ +<s_inf>esp. カフェー</s_inf>
7.	A* 2025-12-18 00:56:58 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -32,0 +33 @@ +<misc>&hist;</misc>
6.	A 2025-09-29 17:10:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2025-09-24 03:37:00
	Refs:	〈カ／キャ〉（ッ）フェ（ー）カフェ 11977845 99.5% キャフェ 10840 0.1% カッフェ 8246 0.1% キャッフェ 487 0.0% カフェー 37637 0.3% キャフェー 214 0.0% カッフェー 923 0.0% キャッフェー 116 0.0%
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -12,0 +14,5 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>カッフェ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -16,3 +22 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>カッフェ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A 2019-03-07 04:10:13 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -22 +22,2 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="fre">café</lsource> +<lsource xml:lang="fre"/> +<gloss>café</gloss>
3.	A* 2019-03-04 21:46:09 Adrien Jalabert
	Diff:	@@ -22 +22 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="fre"/> +<lsource xml:lang="fre">café</lsource>
2.	A 2012-08-12 23:35:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-08-12 19:20:01 Scott
	Comments:	カッフェ as in カッフェ・フローリアン. Perhaps irregular.
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +17,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>カッフェ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -21,0 +24,1 @@ +<gloss>coffeehouse</gloss>

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JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

1.	[n] Source lang: fre ▶ café ▶ cafe ▶ coffeehouse
2.	[n] [hist] 《esp. カフェー》 ▶ hostess bar (serving western alcoholic beverages; Taisho and Showa period)

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