JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1203660 Active (id: 2343182)
外国人登録
【がいこくじんとうろく】

1.

[n]
▶ alien registration
▶ registration of foreigners

History:

2.	A 2025-07-02 11:30:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>Foreign Resident Registration</gloss> +<gloss>alien registration</gloss> +<gloss>registration of foreigners</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-06-30 23:33:45
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>alien registration</gloss> +<gloss>Foreign Resident Registration</gloss>

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jmdict 1232950 Active (id: 2343202)
鋸歯
【きょし；のこぎりば】

1.	[n] [form] ▶ teeth of a saw ▶ saw teeth ▶ serration
2.	(きょし only) [n] {botany} ▶ serration (of a leaf)

History:

2.	A 2025-07-02 19:57:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-07-01 13:59:04 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Sankoku and Meikyo have [form] for sense 1 GG5, Sankoku, 岩波生物学辞典第4版, etc. have sense 2 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 鋸歯 │ 55.939 │100.0% │ ╰─ーー─┴────────┴───────╯ https://furigana.info/w/鋸歯読み方割合ーーーーーーーーーーーきょし 71.4% きよし 14.3% のこぎりば 14.3% のこば is only in koj and big nikkoku, really an abbreviation of のこぎりば. Dropping
	Comments:	Restriction on sense 2 is needed
	Diff:	@@ -13,3 +12,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>のこば</reb> -</r_ele> @@ -17,0 +15 @@ +<misc>&form;</misc> @@ -18,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>saw teeth</gloss> @@ -20,0 +20,6 @@ +<sense> +<stagr>きょし</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&bot;</field> +<gloss>serration (of a leaf)</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1418000 Active (id: 2343266)
単葉
【たんよう】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ simple leaf
▶ unifoliate leaf

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1827930 複葉 1. compound leaf; multifoliate leaf

2.

[n]
▶ monoplane (aircraft)

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1827930 複葉 2. biplane (aircraft)

History:

4.	A 2025-07-04 04:19:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1827930">複葉・2</xref>
3.	A 2025-07-04 04:16:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	[see=複葉[2]]
	Diff:	@@ -20 +19,0 @@ -<xref type="see">複葉・2</xref>
2.	A* 2025-07-02 09:17:13 Sombrero1
	Comments:	Probably more appropriate xref, will check on this and the other one later in case they disappear after approval
	Diff:	@@ -20 +20 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1418010">単葉機</xref> +<xref type="see">複葉・2</xref>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 09:11:50 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Sankoku: ①〘植〙一つの柄(え)に、一枚だけついている葉。 ② 飛行機の主翼(しゅよく)が一枚であること。＊岩波生物学辞典第4版, マグローヒル科学技術用語大辞典-第3版-: simple leaf Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 単葉　 │ 10.922 │ 89.0% │ │ 単葉の │ 1.249 │ 10.2% │ │ 単葉な │ 97 │ 0.8% │ ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 単葉　 │ 10.922 │ 82.1% │ │ 単葉機 │ 2.376 │ 17.9% │ ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ Kokugos have either plain 単葉機。for the second sense, or they explain it and then give 「━機」 as the example .
	Comments:	I also don't really see how [adj-no] would fit in here. 単葉の葉 makes no sense, and 単葉機 isn't [adj-no] usage. Probably best to have just [n]
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1827930">複葉</xref> +<field>&bot;</field> @@ -15 +15,6 @@ -<gloss>monoplane</gloss> +<gloss>unifoliate leaf</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1418010">単葉機</xref> +<gloss>monoplane (aircraft)</gloss>

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jmdict 1429610 Active (id: 2343240)
跳ね [news2,nf40] ；撥ね
【はね [news2,nf40] ；ハネ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ (a) jump

2.

[n]
▶ splashes (usu. of mud)

3.

[n]
《often 撥ね》
▶ upward turn at the bottom (e.g. of a vertical stroke of a kanji or of a hairdo)

4.

[n]
▶ close (e.g. of a theatrical performance)
▶ breakup

5.

[n] [uk] {go (game)}
《usu. ハネ》
▶ hane (move)

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2866376 二段バネ 1. double hane (move)
	⇐ see: 2867149 死はハネにあり【しははねにあり】 1. there is death in the hane
	⇐ see: 1429620 跳ねる【はねる】 4. to play hane; to hane
	⇐ see: 2867144 二目の頭は見ずハネよ【にもくのあたまはみずはねよ】 1. hane at the head of two stones

History:

4.	A 2025-07-03 11:39:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-07-02 17:45:07 Adrian Grana <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -40,0 +41 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2866376">二段バネ</xref>
2.	A 2025-06-30 07:21:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -44 +44 @@ -<gloss>Hane</gloss> +<gloss>hane (move)</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-06-29 18:49:04 Adrian Grana <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://senseis.xmp.net/?Hane https://yasashiigo.com/glossary/ha_gyou/hane.html
	Comments:	maybe add explanation
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ハネ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> @@ -34,0 +39,7 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&go;</field> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<s_inf>usu. ハネ</s_inf> +<gloss>Hane</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1524880 Active (id: 2358838)
鮪 [ichi1]
【マグロ (nokanji) [spec1] ；まぐろ [ichi1] 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ tuna (Thunnus spp.; esp. the Pacific bluefin)

2.

[n] [sl,vulg,uk]
▶ dead fish (person who is unresponsive or passive during sex)
▶ starfish

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2077090 マグロ女【まぐろおんな】 1. dead fish (woman who is unresponsive during sex); starfish

3.

[n] [sl,uk]
▶ body of a person struck by a train

4.

[n] [sl,uk]
▶ person unconscious due to alcohol

History:

21.	A 2026-01-28 10:36:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
20.	A* 2026-01-28 02:09:55 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	まぐろ 1,547,757 マグロ 2,123,547
	Comments:	Splitting out しび into a separate entry. I think "body" is better than "corpse".
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,5 @@ +<reb>マグロ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -11,7 +15,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>しび</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>マグロ</reb> -<re_nokanji/> @@ -22,3 +20 @@ -<s_inf>usu. Pacific bluefin</s_inf> -<gloss>tuna (Thunnus spp.)</gloss> -<gloss>tunny</gloss> +<gloss>tuna (Thunnus spp.; esp. the Pacific bluefin)</gloss> @@ -27,2 +22,0 @@ -<stagr>まぐろ</stagr> -<stagr>マグロ</stagr> @@ -33 +27 @@ -<gloss>dead lay</gloss> +<gloss>dead fish (person who is unresponsive or passive during sex)</gloss> @@ -35 +28,0 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">person who is inactive during sexual intercourse</gloss> @@ -38,2 +30,0 @@ -<stagr>まぐろ</stagr> -<stagr>マグロ</stagr> @@ -43 +34 @@ -<gloss>someone unconscious due to alcohol</gloss> +<gloss>body of a person struck by a train</gloss> @@ -46,2 +36,0 @@ -<stagr>まぐろ</stagr> -<stagr>マグロ</stagr> @@ -51 +40 @@ -<gloss>corpse of a person struck by a train</gloss> +<gloss>person unconscious due to alcohol</gloss>
19.	A 2026-01-28 00:05:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
18.	A* 2026-01-16 08:57:43
	Refs:	nikk https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/マグロ_(鉄道事故) http://zokugo-dict.com/31ma/maguro.htm https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/まぐろ https://tap-biz.jp/lifestyle/word-meaning/1032671?page=2#num_1032671_5 https://www2u.biglobe.ne.jp/~wonoko/raiway/keyword/keyword-MA.htm
	Diff:	@@ -42 +41,0 @@ -<misc>&vulg;</misc> @@ -44,0 +44,8 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>まぐろ</stagr> +<stagr>マグロ</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&sl;</misc> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>corpse of a person struck by a train</gloss>
17.	A 2025-07-02 19:56:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 16 older log entries)
16.	A* 2025-06-30 21:35:18 Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. It's also probably not necessary to mention it's edible. None of the other fish entries do that.
	Diff:	@@ -22,2 +22,2 @@ -<s_inf>usu. Pacific bluefin sushi</s_inf> -<gloss>tuna (edible fish, Thunnus spp.)</gloss> +<s_inf>usu. Pacific bluefin</s_inf> +<gloss>tuna (Thunnus spp.)</gloss>
15.	A* 2025-06-30 05:47:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
14.	A 2025-06-30 05:47:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	One sense is OK, but I'm not sure we need to mention sushi. I'll approve and reopen.
	Diff:	@@ -22 +22 @@ -<s_inf>usu. Pacific bluefin as sushi</s_inf> +<s_inf>usu. Pacific bluefin sushi</s_inf>
13.	A* 2025-06-30 04:30:12 Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think sense 2 can be a note on sense 1 as マグロ refers to all types of tuna (bluefin, yellowfin, bigeye). Also, I'm decently sure Atlantic tuna is common in Japan but I have no real reference. I'll also propose and edit to move the マグロ女 ref to sense 2.
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<s_inf>usu. Pacific bluefin as sushi</s_inf> @@ -24,5 +24,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>Pacific bluefin tuna (edible fish, Thunnus orientalis)</gloss>
12.	A 2021-12-30 20:31:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
	Diff:	@@ -39,0 +40,9 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>まぐろ</stagr> +<stagr>マグロ</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&sl;</misc> +<misc>&vulg;</misc> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>someone unconscious due to alcohol</gloss>
11.	A* 2021-12-30 15:36:41
	Refs:	https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q13494123 市場に並んだ冷凍マグロみたいに、ころがったまま、自分からは何もせず、動かないこと。広辞苑: 船酔いして横になっている人。（漁師言葉） (closest hit in a real dictionary)
	Comments:	* ２，３人、酔いつぶれた者が、まぐろの死体となってるなか、彼女、ヴィシェスは、手すりによりかかり、夜風に当たっていた。 * 酔いつぶれマグロ状態の妹にイタズラしてたら * みんなマグロになってるしお開きにしようよ。 (line spoken at a hanami) I've seen this refer to people unconscious due to alcohol a few times
10.	A 2016-12-21 10:22:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yech.
9.	A* 2016-12-21 10:13:31
	Comments:	somewhat common English term added, ref: urbandictionary
	Diff:	@@ -37,0 +38 @@ +<gloss>starfish</gloss>
8.	A 2013-02-13 04:00:36 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	restoring restriction--rather certain it doesn't apply to しび.
	Diff:	@@ -31,0 +31,2 @@ +<stagr>まぐろ</stagr> +<stagr>マグロ</stagr>
7.	A* 2013-02-13 03:58:09 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -31,1 +31,0 @@ -<stagr>まぐろ</stagr> @@ -33,2 +32,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2077090">マグロ女</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2077090">マグロ女</xref> @@ -36,1 +33,4 @@ -<gloss>dead lay (someone who is inactive during sexual intercourse)</gloss> +<misc>&vulg;</misc> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>dead lay</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">person who is inactive during sexual intercourse</gloss>
6.	A 2011-06-21 23:03:25 Jean-Luc Leger <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2011-06-21 11:31:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	See discussion on 1773380.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +15,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>マグロ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -17,0 +21,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -22,1 +27,2 @@ -<gloss>northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus)</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>Pacific bluefin tuna (edible fish, Thunnus orientalis)</gloss>
4.	A 2011-04-20 12:23:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2011-04-20 11:09:46 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Link to synonym
	Diff:	@@ -27,0 +27,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2077090">マグロ女</xref>
2.	A 2011-03-22 08:35:05 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	pretty sure edict can't take that kanji
1.	A* 2011-03-22 05:55:32 Scott
	Comments:	wiki also has 𩻩

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jmdict 1526960 Active (id: 2343485)
味 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
【あじ [ichi1,news1,nf03] 】

1.

[n]
▶ flavor
▶ flavour
▶ taste

2.

[n]
▶ charm
▶ appeal
▶ uniqueness
▶ attractiveness

3.

[n]
▶ experience
▶ taste (e.g. of victory)

4.

[adj-na]
▶ smart
▶ clever
▶ witty
▶ strange

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1621610 味な 1. smart; clever; witty; strange

5.

[n] {go (game),shogi}
▶ aji
▶ [expl] position that has some lingering potential that may be exploited later in the game

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2866427 味消し 1. aji keshi; bad move that ruins one's aji by forcing the opponent to solidify

History:

11.	A 2025-07-07 06:37:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10.	A* 2025-07-06 17:47:42 Adrian Grana <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -43,0 +44 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2866427">味消し</xref>
9.	A 2025-07-04 05:31:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -47 +47 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">a position that has some lingering potential (flavor) that may be exploited later in the game</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">position that has some lingering potential that may be exploited later in the game</gloss>
8.	A* 2025-07-02 17:53:55 Adrian Grana <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	大辞林第三版あじ（あぢ） [0]【味】 ■一■（名） ④囲碁で，のちに働きを生ずる箇所。また，そのようなさし手。「―を残す」デジタル大辞泉あじ〔あぢ〕【味】 1️⃣［名］ ⑤ 囲碁・将棋で、のちに影響の出そうな指し手。「味が悪い手」
	Comments:	I am going trusting the dictionary here that it means the same in shougi and go, but confidentally I can only confirm that it definitely means that for go. Also in go it's common for terminology to be usually in katakanam, but here it seems that アジ isn't particularly common so I don't think it should be mentioned.
	Diff:	@@ -40,0 +41,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&go;</field> +<field>&shogi;</field> +<gloss>aji</gloss> +<gloss g_type="expl">a position that has some lingering potential (flavor) that may be exploited later in the game</gloss>
7.	A 2019-11-23 02:07:01 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The reason to supply a reference should be obvious: you are the only one who knows the reference that supports your suggested edit. There are numerous possible references out there, and if the first one we check does not support your edit, then we have to keep checking through references until we find one that does. It is a matter of simple courtesy, and not an onerous burden. If you're taking time to submit a change, then take the slight additional time to supply rationale or a reference.
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25 @@ -<gloss>appear</gloss> +<gloss>appeal</gloss>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A 2019-11-23 02:00:25 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, daij
	Comments:	The references box is there for a reason. I don't know why you're complaining. We're not asking a lot from you.
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25 @@ +<gloss>appear</gloss> @@ -26 +27 @@ -<gloss>thing that separates something from the rest</gloss> +<gloss>attractiveness</gloss> @@ -30,0 +32 @@ +<gloss>taste (e.g. of victory)</gloss>
5.	A* 2019-11-23 01:13:41
	Refs:	daijisen daijirin
	Comments:	You have plenty of sources at your hand. Isn't your "job" (I get it's a volunteer thing but still) as an editor to check edits against those? Even if I provided a reference, you would still have to double check it, so I don't think it's the case that I'm creating a whole lot of work for you.
	Diff:	@@ -26 +26 @@ -<gloss>thing that separates one from the rest</gloss> +<gloss>thing that separates something from the rest</gloss>
4.	A* 2019-11-22 22:14:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Please provide some.
3.	A* 2019-11-22 10:40:11
	Diff:	@@ -25 +25,2 @@ -<gloss>style</gloss> +<gloss>uniqueness</gloss> +<gloss>thing that separates one from the rest</gloss>
2.	A 2018-03-20 23:00:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-03-20 12:12:46 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	fixing the PoS
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> @@ -24 +22,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-na;</pos> @@ -30 +27,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-na;</pos>

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jmdict 1633910 Active (id: 2343284)
微醺
【びくん】

1.

[n] [form]
▶ slight intoxication
▶ being tipsy
▶ mellowness

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2005850 ほろ酔い 1. slight intoxication; being tipsy; mellowness

History:

2.	A 2025-07-04 07:47:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 07:11:44 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ ほろ酔い │ 313.017 │ 99.8% │ │ 微醺　　 │ 596 │ 0.2% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ Sankoku, etc. : 〔文〕ほろよい。
	Comments:	Same as with 微酔 Left [rare] out for now, see comment/question on 微酔 entry
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2005850">ほろ酔い</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2005850">ほろ酔い</xref> +<misc>&form;</misc> @@ -12,0 +16,2 @@ +<gloss>being tipsy</gloss> +<gloss>mellowness</gloss>

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jmdict 1662190 Active (id: 2343288)
葉柄
【ようへい】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ leaf stalk
▶ petiole

History:

5.	A 2025-07-04 10:34:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2025-07-02 12:17:06 Sombrero1
	Refs:	GG5, Sankoku
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&bot;</field>
3.	A 2017-06-13 11:06:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not [adj-no].
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
2.	A 2010-12-22 09:56:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-12-22 06:26:59 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	'stipe' is usually for mushrooms, ferns, seaweeds
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,1 @@ -<gloss>stipe</gloss> +<gloss>petiole</gloss>

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jmdict 1662240 Active (id: 2343204)
葉脈
【ようみゃく】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ leaf venation
▶ leaf nervature
▶ leaf vein
▶ leaf nerve

History:

3.	A 2025-07-02 20:02:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-07-01 13:37:38 Sombrero1
	Comments:	Seems like "venation" is the main term in english botany, we had "nervature" in german botany.
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>leaf venation</gloss> @@ -14 +15 @@ -<gloss>leaf venation</gloss> +<gloss>leaf vein</gloss> @@ -16 +16,0 @@ -<gloss>leaf vein</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-07-01 13:27:51 Sombrero1
	Refs:	GG5, 岩波生物学辞典第4版, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,5 @@ -<gloss>veins of a leaf</gloss> +<field>&bot;</field> +<gloss>leaf nervature</gloss> +<gloss>leaf venation</gloss> +<gloss>leaf nerve</gloss> +<gloss>leaf vein</gloss>

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jmdict 1713810 Active (id: 2343269)
対生
【たいせい】

1.

[n,vs,vi] {botany}
▶ opposition (in phyllotaxis)
▶ opposite arrangement
▶ opposing pairs (of leaves)

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2025-07-04 04:31:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	Putting back the mention of leaves.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>opposing pairs (of leaves)</gloss>
3.	A* 2025-07-02 12:31:03 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 対生　 │ 28.480 │ 70.9% │ │ 対生し │ 10.967 │ 27.3% │ │ 対生の │ 739 │ 1.8% │No support in refs either, drop ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ 25万語医学用語大辞典英和/和英岩波生物学辞典第4版
	Diff:	@@ -14,2 +14,3 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>opposing pairs (of leaves)</gloss> +<field>&bot;</field> +<gloss>opposition (in phyllotaxis)</gloss> +<gloss>opposite arrangement</gloss>
2.	A 2022-01-22 01:32:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Correct POS order -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -14 +14,0 @@ -<pos>&vi;</pos>
1.	A 2021-11-18 01:10:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1738860 Active (id: 2343287)
輪生
【りんせい】

1.

[n,vs,vi] {botany}
▶ verticillation (in phyllotaxis)
▶ verticillate arrangement
▶ whorled arrangement

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2025-07-04 10:33:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2025-07-02 12:33:39 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 輪生　 │ 11.016 │ 67.6% │ │ 輪生し │ 4.857 │ 29.8% │ │ 輪生の │ 434 │ 2.7% │drop ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ 岩波生物学辞典第4版
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -16 +15,3 @@ -<gloss>verticillation</gloss> +<gloss>verticillation (in phyllotaxis)</gloss> +<gloss>verticillate arrangement</gloss> +<gloss>whorled arrangement</gloss>
3.	A 2022-01-22 01:33:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Correct POS order -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -14 +14,0 @@ -<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2021-11-18 00:52:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
1.	A 2014-12-21 01:35:30 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>(in botany) verticillation</gloss> +<field>&bot;</field> +<gloss>verticillation</gloss>

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jmdict 1827930 Active (id: 2343265)
複葉
【ふくよう】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ compound leaf
▶ multifoliate leaf

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1418000 単葉 1. simple leaf; unifoliate leaf

2.

[n]
▶ biplane (aircraft)

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1418000 単葉 2. monoplane (aircraft)

History:

2.	A 2025-07-04 04:17:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<xref type="see">単葉・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1418000">単葉・2</xref>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 09:15:20 Sombrero1
	Refs:	岩波生物学辞典第4版, マグローヒル科学技術用語大辞典-第3版- Sankoku: ①〘植〙一つの柄(え)から、何枚も出ている葉。 ②〔飛行機で〕主翼(しゅよく)が上下二枚あること。「━機」（↔単葉） Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 複葉　 │ 55.936 │ 71.8% │ │ 複葉機 │ 21.956 │ 28.2% │ ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	xref probably needs to be fixed after approval of the other entry
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1418000">単葉</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1418000">単葉・1</xref> +<field>&bot;</field> @@ -13 +16,6 @@ -<gloss>biplane</gloss> +<gloss>multifoliate leaf</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see">単葉・2</xref> +<gloss>biplane (aircraft)</gloss>

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jmdict 1838650 Active (id: 2343203)
葉身
【ようしん】

1.	[n] {botany} ▶ lamina ▶ leaf blade ▶ blade
2.	[adj-no,n] ▶ leaf-like ▶ blade-shaped ▶ foliaceous

History:

2.	A 2025-07-02 19:57:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-07-01 13:46:37 Sombrero1
	Refs:	GG5 岩波生物学辞典第4版マグローヒル科学技術用語大辞典-第3版- https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/葉身 Smk: ㊁「葉身㊀」に似た形のもの。「プロペラの━」 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 葉身　 │ 26.935 │ 76.6% │ │ 葉身の │ 8.226 │ 23.4% │ ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@ +<field>&bot;</field> +<gloss>lamina</gloss> @@ -12,0 +15,8 @@ +<gloss>blade</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>leaf-like</gloss> +<gloss>blade-shaped</gloss> +<gloss>foliaceous</gloss>

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jmdict 1972580 Active (id: 2343291)
羽状複葉
【うじょうふくよう】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ pinnate compound leaf

History:

2.	A 2025-07-04 11:01:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 12:05:22 Sombrero1
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&bot;</field>

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jmdict 1972910 Active (id: 2343282)
永久組織
【えいきゅうそしき】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ permanent tissue

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2675180 分裂組織 1. meristematic tissue; meristem

History:

3.	A 2025-07-04 05:15:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-07-02 20:27:03 Sombrero1
	Comments:	I.e. tissue whose cells have arrived at the terminal stage of their differentiation
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<field>&bot;</field>
1.	A 2012-01-06 22:03:06 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2675180">分裂組織</xref>

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jmdict 2005850 Active (id: 2343206)
ほろ酔い；微酔い [rK]
【ほろよい】

1.

[n,adj-no]
▶ slight intoxication
▶ being tipsy
▶ mellowness

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1633910 微醺【びくん】 1. slight intoxication; being tipsy; mellowness
	⇐ see: 2866366 微酔【びすい】 1. slight intoxication; being tipsy; mellowness

History:

8.	A 2025-07-02 20:03:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2025-07-02 07:06:39 Sombrero1
	Refs:	GG5, Saito
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>mellowness</gloss>
6.	A 2024-11-19 10:54:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2024-11-18 17:48:23 parfait8
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ ほろ酔い │ 313,017 │ 93.0% │ │ 微酔い　 │ 2,643 │ 0.8% │ add rK │ ほろよい │ 20,857 │ 6.2% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ ほろ酔い気分 │ 77,709 │ 97.9% │ │ 微酔い気分　 │ 472 │ 0.6% │ │ ほろよい気分 │ 1,215 │ 1.5% │ ╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2011-08-30 23:04:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2011-08-30 16:19:56 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	* Add [adj-no] * Add “tipsy” – that’s idiomatic English term
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +15,1 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -16,0 +17,1 @@ +<gloss>being tipsy</gloss>
2.	A 2010-12-18 06:31:06 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-12-18 02:43:04 Stephen Elliff
	Refs:	明鏡国語辞典
	Diff:	@@ -14,3 +14,2 @@ -<pos>&adj-i;</pos> -<gloss>slightly drunk</gloss> -<gloss>tipsy</gloss> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>slight intoxication</gloss>

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jmdict 2082460 Active (id: 2346891)
で御座る [rK] ；で厶る [sK] ；でご座る [sK]
【でござる】

1.

[exp,v5r,cop] [uk,hon,pol,arch]
▶ be
▶ is

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1270350 御座る 1. to be

Conjugations

History:

10.	A 2025-08-22 12:21:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Tag order.
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21 @@ +<pos>&v5r;</pos> @@ -22 +22,0 @@ -<pos>&v5r;</pos>
9.	A 2025-08-21 02:55:43 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	ご座る is tagged [sK] in the referenced entry.
	Diff:	@@ -23 +23 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1270350">ご座る・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1270350">御座る・1</xref>
8.	A 2025-07-02 20:03:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2025-06-30 20:55:30 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ で御座る │ 20.172 │ 2.5% │ │ で厶る　 │ 46 │ 0.0% │add; [sK] │ でご座る │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ でござる │ 780.758 │ 97.5% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	PoS was wrong, my mistake. Refs have both 丁寧語 and 尊敬語. We have [arch] on ござる so this gets it as well Final edit now from my side
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>で厶る</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -15,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -17,2 +22 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos> -<pos>&v4r;</pos> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> @@ -21,0 +26,2 @@ +<misc>&pol;</misc> +<misc>&arch;</misc>
6.	A 2025-02-12 23:44:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A* 2025-02-12 14:58:15 Sombrero1 <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Sorry for double, didn't mean to remove [exp]
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos>
4.	A* 2025-02-12 14:49:16 Sombrero1 <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ で御座る │ 20.172 │ 2.5% │[rK] │ でご座る │ 0 │ 0.0% │I doubt mazegaki is used here ; [sK] │ でござる │ 780.758 │ 97.5% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ Nikk, daijs, jitsuyou: 「である」の尊敬表現
	Comments:	Might as well tag [cop]
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -8,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -14 +16 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos> +<pos>&cop;</pos> @@ -18,2 +20 @@ -<misc>&pol;</misc> -<s_inf>polite copula</s_inf> +<misc>&hon;</misc>
3.	A 2012-06-14 07:58:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2012-06-13 23:45:12 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	matching glosses for copula given in だ. ござる is given by us as v4r, not v5aru; matching PoS.
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,2 @@ -<pos>&v5aru;</pos> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<pos>&v4r;</pos> @@ -18,1 +19,3 @@ -<gloss>to be</gloss> +<s_inf>polite copula</s_inf> +<gloss>be</gloss> +<gloss>is</gloss>
1.	A 2006-04-28 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2116040 Active (id: 2343343)
互生
【ごせい】

1.

[n,vs,vi] {botany}
▶ alternation (in phyllotaxis)
▶ alternate arrangement

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2025-07-05 05:25:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2025-07-02 12:27:01 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 互生　 │ 30.933 │ 67.8% │ │ 互生し │ 14.345 │ 31.5% │ │ 互生の │ 326 │ 0.7% │ ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ 岩波生物学辞典第4版
	Comments:	No support for [adj-no] in refs, these "►互生の　alternate" in GG5 seem to rarely be an indicator I don't see this referring to anything but leaves
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -16 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>alternate (esp. of leaf arrangement)</gloss> +<gloss>alternation (in phyllotaxis)</gloss> +<gloss>alternate arrangement</gloss>
4.	A 2022-07-27 02:59:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update of vs-vi-vt tags from meikyo -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
3.	A 2012-05-15 01:17:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2012-05-14 08:23:42 Marcus
	Diff:	@@ -13,1 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>(botanical term) alternate (esp. of leaf arrangement)</gloss> +<field>&bot;</field> +<gloss>alternate (esp. of leaf arrangement)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2006-12-21 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2154880 Active (id: 2343200)

アイコニックメモリ；アイコニック・メモリ

1.

[n]
▶ iconic memory

History:

3.	A 2025-07-02 19:55:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-07-01 06:07:21
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>アイコニック・メモリ</reb>
1.	A 2007-03-28 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2421610 Active (id: 2343199)

ヘキサン

1.

[n] {chemistry}
▶ hexane

History:

3.	A 2025-07-02 19:55:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-06-30 22:09:16
	Refs:	研究社　新和英大辞典　第５版
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<field>&chem;</field>
1.	A 2008-11-21 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2602540 Active (id: 2343340)
托葉
【たくよう】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ stipule

History:

4.	A 2025-07-05 05:22:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-07-02 12:19:20 Sombrero1
	Refs:	岩波生物学辞典第4版, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&bot;</field>
2.	A 2010-12-23 04:28:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-12-22 06:29:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, eij, gg5

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jmdict 2629940 Active (id: 2343246)
頂端分裂組織
【ちょうたんぶんれつそしき】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ apical meristem
▶ promeristem

History:

4.	A 2025-07-03 20:04:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-07-02 20:28:01 Sombrero1
	Refs:	マグローヒル科学技術用語大辞典-第3版-
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&bot;</field> @@ -12,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>promeristem</gloss>
2.	A 2011-05-04 23:43:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-05-04 07:40:05 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, eij

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jmdict 2675180 Active (id: 2343281)
分裂組織
【ぶんれつそしき】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ meristematic tissue
▶ meristem

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1972910 永久組織 1. permanent tissue

History:

4.	A 2025-07-04 05:15:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-07-02 20:15:57 Sombrero1
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<field>&bot;</field>
2.	A 2012-01-08 11:12:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-01-06 22:02:49 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daij, eij, gg5

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jmdict 2858797 Active (id: 2343348)
原基
【げんき】

1.	[n] {biology,embryology} ▶ primordium ▶ anlage ▶ rudiment
2.	[n] [rare] ▶ root ▶ foundation ▶ basis

History:

6.	A 2025-07-05 05:46:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2025-07-02 20:38:27 Sombrero1
	Refs:	＊最新医学大辞典第2版: primordium《anlage,rudiment》胚または幼生に現れる形成途上の器官，または特定の器官になるべく運命づけられた細胞群．\ 岩波生物学辞典第4版, GG5, マグローヒル科学技術用語大辞典-第3版
	Comments:	Strictly speaking not always in embryology (see e.g. 葉原基), adding more general [biol] tag
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&biol;</field> @@ -14,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>rudiment</gloss>
4.	A 2023-09-20 01:23:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Looks good.
3.	A* 2023-09-19 23:52:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Without contemporary examples to refer to, I can't be 100% confident about the glosses for sense 2 but "rudiment" and "element" don't fit my reading of the definitions in daijs and nikk. I've tagged that sense as rare but it might be obs. Nikk's example (which is supposed to be the oldest recorded use) is from 1947 but daijr's is from 1877. [embryo] was added quite recently. Feel free to use it.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<field>&biol;</field> +<field>&embryo;</field> @@ -18,2 +18,2 @@ -<gloss>rudiment</gloss> -<gloss>element</gloss> +<misc>&rare;</misc> +<gloss>root</gloss> @@ -21 +21 @@ -<gloss>base</gloss> +<gloss>basis</gloss>
2.	A 2023-09-19 00:17:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	中辞典, etc. too
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2023-09-18 22:36:28 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, eijirou. Also in koj, daijr/s, nikk. Only daijirin and nikk have the second sense. ある物事に根本的にもとづくこと。また、物事の大もと。 Google N-gram Corpus Counts Top 10 N-grams Lookup for 原基 (Frequency Order) ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────╮ │ 原基　　　 │ 11,438 │ │ 原基の　　 │ 1,683 │ │ 原基構造　 │ 1,335 │ │ 原基が　　 │ 895 │ │ 原基形成　 │ 717 │ │ 原基を　　 │ 596 │ │ 原基は　　 │ 474 │ │ 原基と　　 │ 383 │ │ 原基に　　 │ 366 │ │ 原基で　　 │ 341 │ │ 原基構造に │ 302 │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────╯
	Comments:	I see we have a [embryo] field tag but it's not used on any entries.

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jmdict 2866355 Active (id: 2343292)
白髪三千丈
【はくはつさんぜんじょう】

1.

[exp] [form]
《oft. used hyperbolically》
▶ many years of stress and anxiety (as would cause one's hair to grow white)
▶ [lit] three-thousand jō of white hair (nine kilometers)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2145400 丈【じょう】 1. 3.03 meters (ten shaku)

History:

6.	A 2025-07-04 11:23:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2025-07-02 08:20:12 Sombrero1
	Comments:	Oops, sorry
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<gloss g_type="lit">three-thousand ryō of white hair (nine kilometers)</gloss> +<gloss g_type="lit">three-thousand jō of white hair (nine kilometers)</gloss>
4.	A* 2025-07-02 08:19:03 Sombrero1
	Refs:	originated from a work of Li Bai, a Tang dynasty poet Sankoku tags [form] 1丈 = 3.03m 三千丈 = 3000 x 3.03 = 9090 9090m = 9km if rounded Sankoku agrees: 三千丈＝約九キロメートル Shinsen: しらがが長くのびていることを大げさに表現した言葉。 Oukoku also has "exaggeration" in its gloss Adding xref to the unit 丈, compare e.g. the entry for 小便一町糞一里 (a fabulous proverb if you ask me) .
	Comments:	"as an example of exaggeration for dramatic effect" sounds a bit odd to me. I think that note can be shortened I think if a lit gloss is used the original unit's name should be used in it Maybe like this?
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,3 @@ -<s_inf>oft. used as an example of exaggeration for dramatic effect</s_inf> +<xref type="see" seq="2145400">丈・じょう・1</xref> +<misc>&form;</misc> +<s_inf>oft. used hyperbolically</s_inf> @@ -14 +16 @@ -<gloss g_type="lit">ninety kilometers of white hair</gloss> +<gloss g_type="lit">three-thousand ryō of white hair (nine kilometers)</gloss>
3.	A* 2025-07-01 20:58:19 Joe Murray
	Refs:	https://x.com/ShinAmamiya0907/status/1926763877842235517 https://x.com/JoeKoizumiBot/status/1906311667685990564 Looking at some twitter usage, it looks like this is used to express something that's way over the top or exaggerated. Maybe worth adding a note and a literal definition too like this?
	Comments:	Also, I think the length conversion is right.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<s_inf>oft. used as an example of exaggeration for dramatic effect</s_inf> @@ -12,0 +14 @@ +<gloss g_type="lit">ninety kilometers of white hair</gloss>
2.	A* 2025-07-01 03:27:51
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>many years of stress and anxiety (causing one's hair to grow white)</gloss> +<gloss>many years of stress and anxiety (as would cause one's hair to grow white)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2025-07-01 03:27:01 Joe Murray
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/白髪三千丈-600440#w-600440 https://imidas.jp/proverb/detail/X-02-C-26-2-0011.html daijs, imidas 白髪三千丈 2748

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jmdict 2866361 Active (id: 2343655)
パパ友
【パパとも】

1.

[n]
▶ friend of a father who is also a father
▶ dads who are friends
▶ dad friend

History:

6.	A 2025-07-09 05:29:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not necessarily the best first gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<gloss>dad friend</gloss> @@ -14,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>dad friend</gloss>
5.	A* 2025-07-09 03:48:27
	Comments:	google the expression, its common
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<gloss>dad friend</gloss>
4.	A 2025-07-08 09:50:14 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs: https://kotobank.jp/word/ぱぱ友-3135259
	Comments:	sankoku/meikyo/etc. do not tag 「ママ友」 specially.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<misc>&col;</misc>
3.	A 2025-07-08 04:17:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>dad friend</gloss> +<gloss>friend of a father who is also a father</gloss> +<gloss>dads who are friends</gloss>
2.	A* 2025-07-02 13:46:04
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>friend of a father who is also a father</gloss> -<gloss>fathers who are friends</gloss> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<gloss>dad friend</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2025-07-01 21:12:28 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://chanto.jp.net/articles/-/60166?display=b
	Comments:	Cf. ママ友

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jmdict 2866365 Active (id: 2343537)
従士
【じゅうし】

1.	[n] [hist] ▶ samurai acting as an attendant ▶ retainer
2.	[n] [hist] ▶ thane (in medieval Europe) ▶ thegn

History:

2.	A 2025-07-07 22:59:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>retainer</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 00:18:06 Joe Murray
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/従士-526797#w-526797 https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/従士 daijs, wiki 従士 5903

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jmdict 2866366 Active (id: 2343297)
微酔
【びすい】

1.

[n,vs,vi] [form]
▶ slight intoxication
▶ being tipsy
▶ mellowness

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2005850 ほろ酔い 1. slight intoxication; being tipsy; mellowness

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2025-07-04 15:26:44 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	On entry 2562040 (狂悖) >> A 2025-03-17 00:13:14 Robin Scott >> Comments: We don't use [dated] or [rare] with [form]. This word is in all the small kokugos and JEs, and the n-gram counts are much higher than what I would usually tag with [rare] (<100).
	Diff:	@@ -16 +15,0 @@ -<misc>&rare;</misc>
5.	A* 2025-07-04 04:33:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A 2025-07-04 04:33:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't mind both. I'll approve and reopen for a while.
3.	A* 2025-07-02 07:08:27 Sombrero1
	Comments:	Wait, I don't quite recall, but were [form] and [rare] supposed to be paired or not? I remember reading something on the github issues about combining misc tags
2.	A* 2025-07-02 07:05:18 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ ほろ酔い │ 313.017 │ 99.5% │ │ 微酔　　 │ 1.580 │ 0.5% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ Sankoku: 〔文〕ほろよい。微醺(びくん)。 Smk: 「ほろ酔い」の意の漢語的表現。 Shinsen: 〘文章語〙少し酒に酔うこと。ほろよい。 Oukoku has [vs,vi] Saito, GG5
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,6 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="2005850">ほろ酔い</xref> +<misc>&form;</misc> +<misc>&rare;</misc> +<gloss>slight intoxication</gloss> @@ -13 +19 @@ -<gloss>slight intoxication</gloss> +<gloss>mellowness</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2025-07-02 00:36:20 Joe Murray
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/微酔-610155#w-610155 daijs 微酔 1580

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jmdict 2866367 Active (id: 2343344)
尿閉
【にょうへい】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ urinary retention
▶ anuria
▶ ischuria
▶ anuresis
▶ retentio urinae

History:

3.	A 2025-07-05 05:25:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-07-02 07:01:14 Sombrero1
	Refs:	25万語医学用語大辞典英和/和英, GG5, マグローヒル科学技術用語大辞典-第3版-, 最新医学大辞典第2版
	Comments:	Searchability
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,4 @@ +<gloss>anuria</gloss> +<gloss>ischuria</gloss> +<gloss>anuresis</gloss> +<gloss>retentio urinae</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 02:17:00 Joe Murray
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/尿閉-110665#w-593377 https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/尿閉 daijs, britt, wiki 尿閉 9835

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jmdict 2866368 Active (id: 2343405)
引火性
【いんかせい】

1.

[n]
▶ inflammability

History:

2.	A 2025-07-06 03:03:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 03:45:53
	Refs:	daijr gg5

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jmdict 2866369 Active (id: 2343408)

デッドコード；デッド・コード

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ dead code
▶ unreachable code

History:

2.	A 2025-07-06 03:10:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	デッドコード 204
1.	A* 2025-07-02 04:11:49
	Refs:	https://e-words.jp/w/デッドコード.html https://words.af-e.net/dead-code/ https://businessmemo.jp/term632/ https://the-simple.jp/what-is-dead-code-unreachable-code-explain-the-first-step-to-programming-optimization

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jmdict 2866370 Active (id: 2343417)
紗幕
【しゃまく】

1.

[n]
▶ scrim
▶ gauze curtain

History:

2.	A 2025-07-06 04:37:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	紗幕 4238
1.	A* 2025-07-02 07:58:48 Eduardo Zimmer <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	研究社　新和英大辞典　第５版プログレッシブ英和中辞典第5版

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jmdict 2866371 Active (id: 2343353)
奇数羽状複葉
【きすううじょうふくよう】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ imparipinnate compound leaf
▶ odd-pinnate compound leaf

History:

2.

A 2025-07-05 05:57:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>

1.

A* 2025-07-02 12:09:14 Sombrero1

Refs:

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 奇数羽状複葉 │ 3.417 │100.0% │GG5, Nikk
╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
＊ 25万語医学用語大辞典 英和/和英: imparipinnate compound leaf (n)【生物】；odd-pinnately compound leaf (n)【生物】

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jmdict 2866372 Active (id: 2343351)
偶数羽状複葉
【ぐうすううじょうふくよう】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ paripinnate compound leaf
▶ even-pinnate compound leaf

History:

2.

A 2025-07-05 05:48:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>

1.

A* 2025-07-02 12:11:22 Sombrero1

Refs:

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮
│ 偶数羽状複葉 │ 740 │100.0% │Nikk, 25万語医学用語大辞典 英和/和英
╰─ーーーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯

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jmdict 2866373 Active (id: 2343347)
掌状複葉
【しょうじょうふくよう】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ palmate compound leaf

History:

2.

A 2025-07-05 05:46:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>

1.

A* 2025-07-02 12:13:25 Sombrero1

Refs:

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 掌状複葉 │ 1.791 │100.0% │GG5, 25万語医学用語大辞典 英和/和英, Daij, Heibonsha world
╰─ーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯

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jmdict 2866374 Active (id: 2343238)
三出複葉；３出複葉 [sK]
【さんしゅつふくよう】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ ternate compound leaf

History:

3.	A 2025-07-03 11:37:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-07-02 12:16:17 Sombrero1
	Refs:	http://www.tree-watching.info/study/study3.html
	Comments:	Forgot to add, saw used with number instead of kanji
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>３出複葉</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 12:14:56 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 三出複葉 │ 1.011 │100.0% │GG5, 岩波生物学辞典第4版 ╰─ーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯

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jmdict 2866375 Active (id: 2343352)
全縁
【ぜんえん】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ entire margin (of a leaf)
▶ leaf edge without serrations or bumps

History:

2.	A 2025-07-05 05:56:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Maybe this.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>entire fringe</gloss> +<gloss>leaf edge without serrations or bumps</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 12:45:58 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 全縁　 │ 8.210 │ 95.2% │25万語医学用語大辞典英和/和英, GG5, 岩波生物学辞典第4版, マグローヒル科学技術用語大辞典-第3版- │ 全縁の │ 414 │ 4.8% │ ╰─ーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ Some refs have ～の, but ndl examples are mostly 全緣葉, ngrams agree This refers to a leaf whose margin is fully continuous, i.e. without any undulation or serration
	Comments:	Difficult to gloss in english. Easier in german

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jmdict 2866376 Active (id: 2343239)
二段バネ
【にだんばね】

1.

[n] {go (game)}
▶ double hane (move)

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1429610 【ハネ】 5. hane (move)

History:

2.	A 2025-07-03 11:38:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 17:43:13 Adrian Grana Nunes <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://senseis.xmp.net/?DoubleHane https://yasashiigo.com/glossary/na_gyou/nidanbane.html
	Comments:	Kanji would be 二段跳ね but I did not find any actual usage of this (and in my experience as 囲碁 player no one writes it like this)

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jmdict 2866377 Active (id: 2343338)
葉原基
【ようげんき】

1.

[n] {botany}
▶ leaf primordium

History:

2.

A 2025-07-05 05:20:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>

1.

A* 2025-07-02 20:33:50 Sombrero1

Refs:

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬─────┬───────╮
│ 葉原基 │ 479 │100.0% │
╰─ーーー─┴─────┴───────╯
岩波 生物学辞典 第4版
マグローヒル科学技術用語大辞典-第3版-
25万語医学用語大辞典 英和/和英
Heinbosha world

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jmdict 2866378 Active (id: 2343490)
繁用
【はんよう】

1.	[n] ▶ busyness
2.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ frequent use

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2025-07-07 07:05:58 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	second sense: sankoku; meikyo; gg5
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>frequent use</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 23:13:36 Joe Murray
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/繁用-607407#w-607407 https://imidas.jp/kojiten/detail/W-26-1-834-06.html 繁用 6890 daijs, imidas

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jmdict 2866379 Active (id: 2343491)
猫ちぐら
【ねこちぐら】

1.

[n]
▶ woven-straw cat house

History:

2.	A 2025-07-07 07:13:30 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 猫ちぐら　 4,408 57.7% ねこちぐら 3,195 41.8% ネコちぐら 35 0.5%
1.	A* 2025-07-02 23:30:31 Joe Murray
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/猫ちぐら-1998832#w-1859299 https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/猫ちぐら猫ちぐら 4408 daijs, wiki

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jmdict 2866380 Active (id: 2343492)
破錠
【はじょう】

1.

[n]
▶ destroying a lock

History:

2.	A 2025-07-07 07:20:34 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	New entry in daijs.
1.	A* 2025-07-02 23:51:33 Joe Murray
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/破錠-1830537#w-1830537 https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/破錠破錠 4899 daijs, wiki

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jmnedict 5726311 Active (id: 2343471)
栩谷；挧谷
【とちたに】

1.

[surname]
▶ Tochitani

History:

2.	A 2025-07-07 05:01:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 23:37:26 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_characters
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>挧谷</keb>

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jmnedict 5747343 Active (id: 2343267)
堤内；堽内
【ひさぎうち】

1.

[place]
▶ Hisagiuchi

History:

2.	A 2025-07-04 04:20:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 23:34:23 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_characters#Identified_sources

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jmnedict 5747344 Active (id: 2343248)
賈詡
【かく】

1.

[person]
▶ Jia Xu (official in ancient China)

History:

2.	A 2025-07-03 20:05:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Jia Xu (official in Ancient China)</gloss> +<gloss>Jia Xu (official in ancient China)</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-07-02 23:39:28 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jia_Xu

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JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

4.	A 2025-07-10 06:36:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<gloss>apart from... (used to change the topic)</gloss> +<gloss>apart from ... (used to change the topic)</gloss>
3.	A* 2025-07-02 04:29:21
	Comments:	Spacing consistency
	Diff:	@@ -26,2 +26,2 @@ -<gloss>thinking that...</gloss> -<gloss>trying to...</gloss> +<gloss>thinking that ...</gloss> +<gloss>trying to ...</gloss>
2.	A 2015-05-14 20:54:37 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19,2 @@ -<gloss>(before a negative form) even (e.g. "not even a single person")</gloss> +<s_inf>before a negative form</s_inf> +<gloss>even (e.g. "not even a single person")</gloss> @@ -24 +25,2 @@ -<gloss>(after a volitional form) thinking that...</gloss> +<s_inf>after a volitional form</s_inf> +<gloss>thinking that...</gloss>
1.	A 2011-01-25 21:25:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -23,2 +23,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2136890">とする</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2136890">とする</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2136890">とする・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2136890">とする・1</xref>

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