JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

Entries

Search | Advanced Search | New Entry | Submissions | Help | Doc
Login for registered editors
Username:
Password:
jmdict 1132040 Active (id: 2341020)

ミルフィーユ； ミルフィユ [sk] ； ミルフイユ [sk]
1. [n] {food, cooking} Source lang: fre
▶ mille-feuille



History:
4. A 2025-05-31 02:16:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-05-31 02:03:01 
  Refs: 
ミルフィユ	8548	3.7%
ミル・フィユ	0	0.0%
ミルフイユ	1893	0.8%
ミル・フイユ	73	0.0%
ミルフィーユ	217312	95.2%
ミル・フィーユ	355	0.2%
ミルフイーユ	193	0.1%
ミル・フイーユ	0	0.0%
  Diff: 
@@ -7,0 +8,4 @@
+<reb>ミルフィユ</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
@@ -8,0 +13 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
2. A 2024-03-24 04:47:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
D'accord.
1. A* 2024-03-24 00:31:47  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
"pastry" is potentially misleading here so I think it's best omitted. "mille-feuille" is in all English dictionaries.
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&food;</field>
@@ -13 +14 @@
-<gloss>mille-feuille (type of pastry)</gloss>
+<gloss>mille-feuille</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1297410 Active (id: 2341031)
作り物 [news2,nf44] ； 造り物； 作りもの [sK] ； 作りもん [sK]
【 つくりもの [news2,nf44] ； つくりもん 】
1. [n,adj-no]
▶ artificial product
▶ man-made product
▶ imitation
▶ fake
▶ sham
2. [n]
▶ fiction
▶ made-up story
3. [n]
▶ decoration (e.g. for a festival)
4. [n]
▶ theatrical prop (esp. a large prop in noh or kyogen, e.g. tree, well, boat)
5. [n]
▶ crop



History:
7. A 2025-05-31 08:47:30  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
作り物	124475	77.7%
作りもの	8466	5.3%
造り物	5242	3.3%
作りもん	1309	0.8%
つくりもの	17717	11.1%
つくりもん	2992	1.9%
  Comments: 
I think -もん readings should be visible
  Diff: 
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<keb>作りもの</keb>
+<keb>造り物</keb>
@@ -13 +13,6 @@
-<keb>造り物</keb>
+<keb>作りもの</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>作りもん</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -18,0 +24,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>つくりもん</reb>
6. A 2018-11-07 17:55:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -31 +30,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -32,0 +32 @@
+<gloss>made-up story</gloss>
@@ -40 +40 @@
-<gloss>theatrical prop (esp. a large prop in noh or kyogen, e.g. tree, well, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>theatrical prop (esp. a large prop in noh or kyogen, e.g. tree, well, boat)</gloss>
5. A* 2018-11-07 15:03:44  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
g ng
作り物	124475
造り物	5242
作りモノ	2575
つくりもの	17717
つくりモノ	551
作りもの	8466
造りもの	1691
  Diff: 
@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>作りもの</keb>
4. A 2011-09-25 20:31:40  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -22,0 +22,1 @@
+<gloss>imitation</gloss>
@@ -23,1 +24,1 @@
-<gloss>doctored</gloss>
+<gloss>sham</gloss>
@@ -27,1 +28,2 @@
-<gloss>festival tent decoration</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<gloss>fiction</gloss>
@@ -31,2 +33,1 @@
-<gloss>noh prop</gloss>
-<gloss>(large) noh stage property (e.g. tree, well)</gloss>
+<gloss>decoration (e.g. for a festival)</gloss>
@@ -36,1 +37,5 @@
-<gloss>crops</gloss>
+<gloss>theatrical prop (esp. a large prop in noh or kyogen, e.g. tree, well, etc.)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>crop</gloss>
3. A* 2011-09-25 14:31:04  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5, 大辞林
  Comments: 
* Split into sections
* clarify terse definitions,
* add def “Noh prop”,
* add pos [adj-no] to “fake, artificial”
  Diff: 
@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -20,1 +21,1 @@
-<gloss>decoration</gloss>
+<gloss>man-made product</gloss>
@@ -22,1 +23,14 @@
-<gloss>crop</gloss>
+<gloss>doctored</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>festival tent decoration</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>noh prop</gloss>
+<gloss>(large) noh stage property (e.g. tree, well)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>crops</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1384970 Active (id: 2341134)
切羽詰まる [news2,nf28] ； 切羽詰る； せっぱ詰まる [sK] ； 切羽つまる [sK] ； せっぱ詰る [sK]
【 せっぱつまる [news2,nf28] 】
1. [v5r,vi]
▶ to be at one's wits' end
▶ to be cornered
▶ to be in a fix
▶ to be in a desperate situation
▶ to be in a pinch
▶ to be in a predicament
▶ [lit] to be packed to the hilt
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2670880 切羽【せっぱ】 2. (up to) the hilt; wits' end

Conjugations


History:
14. A 2025-06-01 21:04:41  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
〈切羽／せっぱ／セッパ〉〈詰（ま）／つま〉っ

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 切羽詰っ　　 │ 111,369 │ 49.5% │
│ 切羽詰まっ　 │  60,238 │ 26.8% │
│ せっぱ詰まっ │  24,947 │ 11.1% │ - sK
│ 切羽つまっ　 │   6,942 │  3.1% │ - sK
│ せっぱ詰っ　 │     409 │  0.2% │
│ セッパ詰まっ │     402 │  0.2% │
│ セッパ詰っ　 │      37 │  0.0% │
│ せっぱつまっ │  20,522 │  9.1% │
│ セッパつまっ │     290 │  0.1% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -16,0 +18 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
13. A 2025-06-01 08:05:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
12. A* 2025-05-31 19:06:47  parfait8
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮
│ せっぱ詰った │ 204 │100.0% │ add
╰─ーーーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -16,0 +17,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>せっぱ詰る</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
11. A 2022-12-10 05:08:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
The kokugos have "切羽詰（ま）る", and the JEs 切羽詰まる, which is the modern form.  I think the latter should lead.
  Diff: 
@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>切羽詰る</keb>
-</k_ele>
@@ -10,0 +8,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>切羽詰る</keb>
10. A* 2022-12-10 04:55:14  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 切羽詰る　　 │   5,764 │ 45.3% │ 🡠 adding (daijr/s, shinmeikai)
│ 切羽詰まる　 │   3,862 │ 30.3% │
│ せっぱ詰まる │   1,157 │  9.1% │
│ 切羽つまる　 │     526 │  4.1% │
│ せっぱ詰る　 │       0 │  0.0% │
│ せっぱつまる │   1,416 │ 11.1% │
├─ーーーーーー─┼─────────┼───────┤
│ 切羽詰っ　　 │ 111,369 │ 49.6% │
│ 切羽詰まっ　 │  60,238 │ 26.8% │
│ せっぱ詰まっ │  24,947 │ 11.1% │
│ 切羽つまっ　 │   6,942 │  3.1% │
│ せっぱ詰っ　 │     409 │  0.2% │
│ せっぱつまっ │  20,522 │  9.1% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>切羽詰る</keb>
+</k_ele>
(show/hide 9 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1409900 Active (id: 2341104)
対格
【 たいかく 】
1. [n] {grammar}
▶ accusative case



History:
3. A 2025-06-01 07:58:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-05-31 16:58:53  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 対格　 │ 11.439 │ 92.8% │
│ 対格の │    884 │  7.2% │
╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
1. A 2021-12-14 01:51:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Bulk convert ling to gramm
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff: 
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<field>&ling;</field>
+<field>&gramm;</field>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1425690 Active (id: 2341102)
中ぐり盤； 中刳盤 [rK] ； 中刳り盤 [sK]
【 なかぐりばん 】
1. [n]
▶ boring machine
▶ borer



History:
4. A 2025-06-01 07:57:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-05-31 22:44:17  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 中ぐり盤　　 │ 4.983 │100.0% │
│ 中刳り盤　　 │     0 │  0.0% │2 refs (daijs, koj)
│ 中刳盤　　　 │     0 │  0.0% │3 refs (GG5, Nikk, Daijr (4 with super daijr))
│ なかぐりばん │     0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Comments: 
One needs to be hidden, okurigana variant
  Diff: 
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<keb>中刳り盤</keb>
+<keb>中刳盤</keb>
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<keb>中刳盤</keb>
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+<keb>中刳り盤</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2025-05-31 22:01:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
中刳盤	0 - many references 
中刳り盤 is in Daijisen
  Diff: 
@@ -8,0 +9,5 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>中刳盤</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -15,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>borer</gloss>
1. A* 2025-05-31 19:00:45  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
中ぐり盤	4983	100.0% - adding
中刳り盤	0	0.0% - keep this visible?

https://kotobank.jp/word/中ぐり盤-107632#w-107632
  Diff: 
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>中ぐり盤</keb>
+</k_ele>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1581210 Active (id: 2341038)
嘗て [rK] ； 曽て [rK] ； 都て [rK] ； 曾て [sK]
【 かつて [ichi1] ； かって 】
1. [adv,adj-no] [uk]
▶ once
▶ before
▶ formerly
▶ ever
▶ former
▶ ex-
2. [adv,adj-no] [uk]
《used with neg. verb》
▶ never yet
▶ never before
▶ first time
▶ still not happened
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2829785 嘗てない【かつてない】 1. unprecedented; never seen before



History:
9. A 2025-05-31 15:04:15  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
曾 is the old kanji form of 曽 and doesn't need to be visible.
  Diff: 
@@ -6,4 +5,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>曾て</keb>
@@ -18,0 +15,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>曾て</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
8. A 2023-03-21 20:56:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2023-03-21 02:19:57  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
Not sure why かって is restricted to 曾て only.
daijr: 近世以降「かって」と発音されることもある
daijs: 近世以降「かって」ともいう。
smk: 口頭語では「かって」と言う向きもあるが 本来は誤り


曽て	1,597  -- adding (daijr/s, koj, smk, etc.)
  Diff: 
@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>曽て</keb>
@@ -22 +25,0 @@
-<re_restr>曾て</re_restr>
6. A 2021-11-30 14:21:58  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
嘗て	79638
かつて	5837059
かつてあった	29810
嘗てあった	473
曾てあった	No matches
  Comments: 
I've seen 嘗て in old texts, but never anything 
modern i don't thonm
  Diff: 
@@ -6 +6 @@
-<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -12,0 +14 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
5. A 2014-08-22 10:22:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1821100 Active (id: 2341082)
掛矢； 掛け矢
【 かけや 】
1. [n]
▶ mallet
▶ maul



History:
2. A 2025-06-01 01:23:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
Koj, Unidic
  Diff: 
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>maul</gloss>
1. A* 2025-05-31 18:46:36  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
掛矢	1212	81.6% - adding
掛け矢	273	18.4%
  Diff: 
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>掛矢</keb>
+</k_ele>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1848980 Active (id: 2341110)
引きずり出す； 引き摺り出す [rK] ； 引摺り出す [sK] ； 引き擦り出す [sK]
【 ひきずりだす 】
1. [v5s,vt]
▶ to drag out

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2025-06-01 08:07:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-05-31 17:27:27  parfait8
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 引きずり出し │ 47,409 │ 93.5% │
│ 引き摺り出し │  1,540 │  3.0% │ add rK
│ 引摺り出し　 │     61 │  0.1% │ add sK
│ 引き擦り出し │     41 │  0.1% │ add
│ 引き擦りだし │      0 │  0.0% │
│ ひきずりだし │  1,637 │  3.2% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -4,3 +3,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>引き摺り出す</keb>
-</k_ele>
@@ -10,0 +8,4 @@
+<keb>引き摺り出す</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -11,0 +13,5 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>引き擦り出す</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1911570 Deleted (id: 2341107)
名詞の格
【 めいしのかく 】
1. [n]
▶ case of a noun



History:
2. D 2025-06-01 08:03:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. D* 2025-05-31 16:40:31  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
Can't see it in refs

Used e.g. here as a chapter title on english grammar:
https://www.eibunpou.net/02/chapter5/5_3.html
  Comments: 
A+B, I think this can go

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1928690 Active (id: 2341021)

からっきし； からきし； カラッキシ [sk] ； カラキシ [sk]
1. [adv]
《with neg. sentence》
▶ quite
▶ utterly
▶ (not) at all
▶ completely
▶ wholly
▶ entirely
▶ totally
▶ altogether



History:
6. A 2025-05-31 02:18:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2025-05-30 19:28:46  parfait8
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ からっきし駄目 │ 2,302 │ 55.4% │
│ からきし駄目　 │ 1,583 │ 38.1% │
│ カラッキシ駄目 │   143 │  3.4% │ add
│ カラキシ駄目　 │   129 │  3.1% │ add
│ からきり駄目　 │     0 │  0.0% │ remove (different reading + only in daijr/s, etc.)
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -11 +11,6 @@
-<reb>からきり</reb>
+<reb>カラッキシ</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>カラキシ</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
4. A 2024-07-18 01:24:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2024-07-17 11:59:03  GM <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
デジタル大辞泉, 旺文社国語辞典
  Diff: 
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<s_inf>with neg. sentence</s_inf>
2. A 2012-09-12 22:12:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2002900 Active (id: 2341068)

ガター； ガーター
1. [n]
▶ gutter



History:
6. A 2025-05-31 22:02:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2025-05-31 16:47:52  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
Many dictionaries (sankoku, shinmeikai, daijr, gg5, etc.) have ガーター for "gutter."

I'm more curious about "ガタ." I don't see it in my refs.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────╮
│ ガターに落ち　 │ 251 │
│ ガーターに落ち │ 243 │
│ ガタに落ち　　 │   0 │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -8,3 +7,0 @@
-<reb>ガタ</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -12 +8,0 @@
-<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -16 +11,0 @@
-<s_inf>sometimes ガーター</s_inf>
4. A* 2025-05-31 16:22:39 
  Refs: 
note
  Diff: 
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ガーター</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
3. A 2010-11-20 02:59:25  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2010-11-19 21:28:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Merging in 2486610.
I hesitate to merge it with ガーター/garter.
  Diff: 
@@ -4,0 +4,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ガター</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -9,0 +12,1 @@
+<s_inf>sometimes ガーター</s_inf>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2082690 Active (id: 2341072)
締太鼓； 締め太鼓
【 しめだいこ 】
1. [n]
▶ small high-pitched Japanese drum or taiko with its head pulled taut by ropes
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1408280 太鼓 1. drum



History:
3. A 2025-05-31 22:13:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-05-31 18:21:13  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
締太鼓	12877	74.9% - adding (more common)
締め太鼓	4325	25.1%

https://kotobank.jp/word/締太鼓-75297#w-524044
  Diff: 
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>締太鼓</keb>
+</k_ele>
1. A 2006-04-28 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2690720 Active (id: 2341070)
連体格
【 れんたいかく 】
1. [n] [rare] {grammar}
▶ genitive case
▶ adnominal case
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1691230 属格 1. genitive case



History:
6. A 2025-05-31 22:09:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
I think so.
  Diff: 
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
5. A* 2025-05-31 16:52:36  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 属格　 │ 5.608 │ 92.4% │
│ 生格　 │ 2.103 │  N/A  │
│ 連体格 │   458 │  7.6% │See it only in lingdic
╰─ーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
Jawiki (uses 属格): 日本語では体言を修飾できる格はこれだけなので連体格とも呼ばれる

When looking up 連体格 most results are about 古語
  Comments: 
Would this qualify for a [rare] tag already?
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1691230">属格</xref>
4. A 2021-12-22 14:12:44  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<field>&ling;</field>
+<field>&gramm;</field>
3. A 2019-08-19 05:30:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&ling;</field>
2. A 2012-03-07 03:17:05  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2764310 Active (id: 2342466)
肴にする
【 さかなにする； サカナにする (nokanji) 】
1. [exp,vs-i]
▶ to have as a side order (with drinks)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1297170 肴【さかな】 1. appetizer or snack served with drinks
2. [exp,vs-i] [id]
《usu. Xをさかなにする》
▶ to make fun of someone
▶ to laugh at someone's expense
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1297170 肴【さかな】 2. performance to liven up a bar; conversation to liven up a party

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2025-06-17 07:17:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
I haven't seen a good case for changing it.
3. A* 2025-05-31 03:35:57 
  Comments: 
does sense 1 need to be included? maybe as a lit gloss rather than a sense?

also i think the glosses are wrong, it's more ネタにする? possibly
2. A 2013-01-19 06:03:41  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2013-01-18 23:22:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5: 人をさかなにする discuss sb (over a drink); use sb as a topic of conversation
http://www.wordreference.com/jaen/サカナにする
  Comments: 
See 1297170 and rejected 2763300. Attempting to record the additional sense 2.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2848281 Active (id: 2341142)
根元； 根本； 根もと [sK]
【 ねもと 】
1. [n]
▶ base (of a plant, tree, pillar, etc.)
▶ (part near the) root
▶ roots (of one's hair)
2. [n]
▶ root (e.g. of a problem)
▶ source



History:
4. A 2025-06-01 21:28:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-05-31 17:29:27  parfait8
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 根本　 │ 2,798,728 │ 75.9% │
│ 根元　 │   857,153 │ 23.2% │
│ 根もと │    11,655 │  0.3% │ add 
│ ねもと │    21,953 │  0.6% │
╰─ーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>根もと</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2021-02-15 01:44:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2021-02-14 17:14:00  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5, prog, daij
  Comments: 
Proposed split from 1290160. See comments there.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865656 Active (id: 2341041)
思春期早発症
【 ししゅんきそうはつしょう 】
1. [n] {medicine}
▶ precocious puberty
▶ early puberty



History:
4. A 2025-05-31 15:28:16  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
ちはつ would be 遅発
3. A* 2025-05-31 15:21:37 
  Diff: 
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>ししゅんきちはつしょう</reb>
+<reb>ししゅんきそうはつしょう</reb>
2. A 2025-05-25 07:06:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5
1. A* 2025-05-23 02:26:35  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
https://kotobank.jp/word/思春期早発症-519328#w-2196537

思春期早発症	1617

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865712 Active (id: 2341097)
潮高
【 ちょうこう 】
1. [n] [rare]
▶ tide level
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1428640 潮位 1. tide level



History:
3. A 2025-06-01 07:35:11  Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-05-31 16:26:01  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 潮位 │ 937.695 │ 99.7% │
│ 潮高 │   2.892 │  0.3% │
╰─ーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
Daijr, Nikk, Super daijr: ⇒潮位(チヨウイ)

[rare]
  Diff: 
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>tide height</gloss>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<gloss>tide level</gloss>
1. A* 2025-05-26 00:45:47  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/潮位 - "潮高ともいう"
https://kotobank.jp/word/潮高-327747#w-2048007

潮高	2892

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865812 Rejected (id: 2341043)
悲しい思い
【 かなしいおもい 】
1. [n]
▶ sad feelings
▶ sadness
▶ sorrow

History:
6. R 2025-05-31 16:07:56  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Fork
5. D* 2025-05-31 08:48:54  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
悔しい思い	233401
  Comments: 
This is bog standard A+B to me. I don't think we need it.
4. A 2025-05-31 02:19:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-05-30 11:29:28  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
～をさせる seems to be a frequent pattern
https://massif.la/ja/search?q=悲しい思い

Remove [vs], the ngrams show barely any usage and of the first 100 massif examples 0 display [vs] usage. In 70 of them 悲しい思い is a direct object, of which 31 follow the ～をさせる pattern

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 悲しい思い　　　　 │ 105.311 │ 88.2% │
│ 悲しい思いをさせ　 │   8.035 │  6.7% │
│ 悲しい思いをさせて │   3.543 │  3.0% │
│ 悲しい思いをさせる │   1.433 │  1.2% │
│ 悲しい思いをさせた │   1.026 │  0.9% │
╰─ーーーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Comments: 
I think this sets the bar a bit low but to be fair it does have comparatively more ngrams than other ～思い collocations
  Diff: 
@@ -12,2 +11,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
-<pos>&vi;</pos>
2. A 2025-05-30 07:14:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
Eijiro, many GG5 examples.
  Comments: 
May as well have it. One example sentence.
  Diff: 
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>sorrow</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865812 Deleted (id: 2341044)
悲しい思い
【 かなしいおもい 】
1. [n]
▶ sad feelings
▶ sadness
▶ sorrow



History:
6. D 2025-05-31 16:11:36  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
From a forked edit:
>> D* 2025-05-31 08:48:54  Marcus Richert
>> Refs: 悔しい思い	233401
>> Comments: This is bog standard A+B to me. I don't think we need it.
  Comments: 
I agree
5. A* 2025-05-31 05:19:00  Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
I agree with Sombrero1, however it seems common enough for an entry. Maybe we could turn this into an expression gloss for “悲しい思いをさせる,” since there are already other entires that follow the ~思いをさせる pattern (不快な思いをさせる, etc.)
4. A 2025-05-31 02:19:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-05-30 11:29:28  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
～をさせる seems to be a frequent pattern
https://massif.la/ja/search?q=悲しい思い

Remove [vs], the ngrams show barely any usage and of the first 100 massif examples 0 display [vs] usage. In 70 of them 悲しい思い is a direct object, of which 31 follow the ～をさせる pattern

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 悲しい思い　　　　 │ 105.311 │ 88.2% │
│ 悲しい思いをさせ　 │   8.035 │  6.7% │
│ 悲しい思いをさせて │   3.543 │  3.0% │
│ 悲しい思いをさせる │   1.433 │  1.2% │
│ 悲しい思いをさせた │   1.026 │  0.9% │
╰─ーーーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Comments: 
I think this sets the bar a bit low but to be fair it does have comparatively more ngrams than other ～思い collocations
  Diff: 
@@ -12,2 +11,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
-<pos>&vi;</pos>
2. A 2025-05-30 07:14:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
Eijiro, many GG5 examples.
  Comments: 
May as well have it. One example sentence.
  Diff: 
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>sorrow</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865815 Active (id: 2341034)
概形
【 がいけい 】
1. [n]
▶ rough form
▶ rough shape
▶ general shape



History:
2. A 2025-05-31 11:43:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>general shape</gloss>
1. A* 2025-05-31 02:31:44  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
https://kotobank.jp/word/概形-666805#w-666805

概形	4330

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865816 Active (id: 2341035)
概測
【 がいそく 】
1. [n]
▶ rough measurement
▶ rough estimate



History:
2. A 2025-05-31 11:45:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5
  Diff: 
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>rough estimate</gloss>
1. A* 2025-05-31 02:33:21  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
https://kotobank.jp/word/概測-457866#E3.83.87.E3.82.B8.E3.82.BF.E3.83.AB.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.B3.89

概測	2599

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865817 Active (id: 2341309)
模刻； 摸刻
【 もこく 】
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ (carved) replica
▶ reproduction

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2025-06-03 08:49:09  Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
* gg5: a replica 《of a sculpture》.
* wisdom: ▸ 模刻した作品 an imitation / a reproduction.

模刻 5,594 92.2%
摸刻   476  7.8% <- iwakoku; nikk
  Comments: 
It's more general than that.
  Diff: 
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>摸刻</keb>
@@ -14 +17,2 @@
-<gloss>creating a carved copy of calligraphy for reproduction</gloss>
+<gloss>(carved) replica</gloss>
+<gloss>reproduction</gloss>
1. A* 2025-05-31 02:53:48  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
模刻	5594	  
模刻し	1017	  
模刻した	588	  
模刻さ	318	  
模刻を	303	

https://kotobank.jp/word/模刻-645461#w-645461

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865818 Active (id: 2341114)
進達
【 しんたつ 】
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ forwarding (to a higher authority, proper office, etc.)
▶ transmission
2. [n,vs,vt,vi] [obs]
▶ advance
▶ progress

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2025-06-01 08:14:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
OK
4. A* 2025-05-31 15:59:35  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
The refs are clear that this word is only used in a bureaucratic context. I think the current note ("e.g. to a higher authority") isn't quite strong enough.

The second sense seems to be obsolete. None of the smaller kokugos or JEs have it. Daijr/s quote it from the Meiji era.
The definition for that sense in daijisen sounds like it could be both [vt] and [vi]: 進歩・向上させること。また、進歩・向上すること。
  Diff: 
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>forwarding (e.g. to a higher authority)</gloss>
+<gloss>forwarding (to a higher authority, proper office, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -20,0 +22 @@
+<misc>&obs;</misc>
3. A* 2025-05-31 12:27:10  Sombrero1
  Comments: 
I don't think the note needs another verb in it
  Diff: 
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>forwarding (e.g. proposal to a more senior level)</gloss>
+<gloss>forwarding (e.g. to a higher authority)</gloss>
2. A 2025-05-31 11:52:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5: forwarding; transmission.
～する forward; transmit; pass [send] on 《to an office》.
  Diff: 
@@ -14 +14,2 @@
-<gloss>written proposal (to a more senior level)</gloss>
+<gloss>forwarding (e.g. proposal to a more senior level)</gloss>
+<gloss>transmission</gloss>
1. A* 2025-05-31 03:26:06  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
https://kotobank.jp/word/進達-538351

進達	26607	  
進達に関する	1862	  
進達に関すること	1775	  
進達し	1668	  
進達する	1481

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865819 Active (id: 2341205)
土曜保育
【 どようほいく 】
1. [n]
▶ Saturday childcare (e.g. at a nursery school)



History:
2. A 2025-06-02 11:48:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-05-31 04:16:55 
  Refs: 
土曜保育	2413	71.2%
日曜保育	399	11.8%
土曜日保育	576	17.0%
週末保育	0	0.0

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865820 Active (id: 2341033)

マッドネス； マドネス [sk]
1. [n]
▶ madness



History:
2. A 2025-05-31 09:35:47  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
マッドネス	12075	97.8%
マドネス	266	2.2%
  Diff: 
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>マドネス</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
1. A* 2025-05-31 05:08:32 
  Refs: 
daijr

マッドネス	12075

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865821 Active (id: 2341156)
鎮痒剤
【 ちんようざい 】
1. [n] {pharmacology}
▶ antipruritic agent
▶ antipruritic drug
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2865849 鎮痒薬【ちんようやく】 1. antipruritic agent; antipruritic drug



History:
3. A 2025-06-02 00:09:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-06-01 21:39:22  Sombrero1
  Comments: 
Aligning with LSD glosses of 止痒薬
  Diff: 
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>antipruritic</gloss>
+<gloss>antipruritic agent</gloss>
+<gloss>antipruritic drug</gloss>
1. A* 2025-05-31 15:25:45  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
https://kotobank.jp/word/鎮痒剤-570122#w-570122

鎮痒剤	1230

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865822 Active (id: 2341071)
能格
【 のうかく 】
1. [n] {grammar}
▶ ergative case



History:
2. A 2025-05-31 22:10:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-05-31 17:00:51  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 能格 │ 2.859 │100.0% │Nikk, Daijr, Koj
╰─ーー─┴───────┴───────╯

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865823 Active (id: 2341073)
溶媒和
【 ようばいわ 】
1. [n,vs,vt] {chemistry}
▶ solvation

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2025-05-31 22:13:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-05-31 21:34:34  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
GG5 has [vs] and LSD has [vt]

Many examples of を溶媒和 in the ndl
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
1. A* 2025-05-31 17:30:57  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/溶媒和
https://kotobank.jp/word/溶媒和-876073#w-2206590

溶媒和	3769

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865824 Deleted (id: 2341083)
思いをさせる
【 おもいをさせる 】
1. [exp,v1]
《as X思いをさせる, usu. following an adjective》
▶ to make (someone) feel X
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2803220 不快な思いをさせる 1. to offend someone; to give offence; to hurt someone's feelings

Conjugations


History:
4. D 2025-06-01 01:24:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. D* 2025-05-31 21:44:42  Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
OK
2. A* 2025-05-31 21:11:30  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 思いをする　 │ 290.792 │ 89.5% │
│ 思いをさせる │  34.013 │ 10.5% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Comments: 
I personally don't think this is needed, おもいをする should suffice. Users searching for 思いをさせる will be lead to おもいをする through de-inflection anyway (Jisho, Yomitan, Lorenzi's Jisho, etc.)
1. A* 2025-05-31 17:34:08  Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
思いをさせる	34013

https://massif.la/ja/search?q=思いをさせる
  Comments: 
I apologize if the formatting is a little the mark, but I think this entry + an ~思いをする entry should cover most uses. Seems to be rarely or never used without an adjective.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865825 Active (id: 2341115)
思いをする
【 おもいをする 】
1. [exp,vs-i]
《as ~思いをする, following an adjective》
▶ to feel ...
▶ to have a ... feeling
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2839228 嫌な思いをする 1. to feel uncomfortable; to be offended; to have a bad time

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2025-06-01 08:15:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Yes, better.
3. A* 2025-06-01 02:17:18  Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
This is probably more intuitive.
  Diff: 
@@ -14,2 +14,3 @@
-<s_inf>as X思いをする, following an adjective</s_inf>
-<gloss>to feel X</gloss>
+<s_inf>as ~思いをする, following an adjective</s_inf>
+<gloss>to feel ...</gloss>
+<gloss>to have a ... feeling</gloss>
2. A* 2025-05-31 21:43:56  Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
https://massif.la/ja/search?q=思いをする
  Comments: 
100/100 example sentences follow an adj. No evidence it's ever used without one, so I'm removing "usu."
  Diff: 
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<s_inf>as X思いをする, usu. following an adjective</s_inf>
+<s_inf>as X思いをする, following an adjective</s_inf>
1. A* 2025-05-31 17:36:05  Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Read 2341055.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865826 Active (id: 2341069)
過酸
【 かさん 】
1. [n] {chemistry}
▶ peroxy acid
▶ peracid



History:
2. A 2025-05-31 22:08:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5
1. A* 2025-05-31 17:57:27  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/過酸
https://kotobank.jp/word/過酸-44173#w-44173

過酸	2172

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865827 Active (id: 2341105)
平削り盤； 平削盤 [sK]
【 ひらけずりばん 】
1. [n]
▶ planer
▶ planing machine



History:
2. A 2025-06-01 08:01:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
平削り盤	1142	81.3%
平削盤	263	18.7%
GG5
  Diff: 
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>平削盤</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
1. A* 2025-05-31 19:03:24  Joe Murray
  Refs: 
https://kotobank.jp/word/平削り盤-121537#w-1582836

平削り盤	1142

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865828 Active (id: 2341111)

ペインター； ペインタ [sk]
1. [n]
▶ painter



History:
2. A 2025-06-01 08:09:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
A lot of hits for the surname.
1. A* 2025-05-31 23:52:47 
  Refs: 
daijr

ペインター	120446	94.4%
ペインタ	7095	5.6%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
Search | Advanced Search | New Entry | Submissions | Help | Doc DB=jmdict
If you have questions about, problems using, or suggestions for improving this page, please send email to jimbreen@gmail.com.
JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.