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jmdict 1038030 Active (id: 2337666)

カバレッジカバレージ
1. [n]
▶ coverage



History:
2. A 2025-04-25 21:47:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-25 15:00:23 
  Refs:
daijs

カバレッジ	16377	83.5%
カバレージ	3235	16.5%
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>カバレージ</reb>

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jmdict 1158690 Active (id: 2337690)
萎れる [ichi1] 凋れる [sK] 悄れる [sK]
しおれる [ichi1]
1. [v1,vi] [uk]
▶ to wither
▶ to wilt
▶ to droop
▶ to fade
2. [v1,vi] [uk]
▶ to be dejected
▶ to be disheartened
▶ to be depressed
▶ to be crestfallen

Conjugations


History:
7. A 2025-04-26 01:42:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes.
  Diff:
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -24 +23,0 @@
-<s_inf>esp. 萎れる, 凋れる</s_inf>
@@ -34 +32,0 @@
-<s_inf>esp. 萎れる, 悄れる</s_inf>
6. A* 2025-04-25 18:51:25  GM <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
萎れる 4,497  99.5% 
凋れる    23   0.5% - rK (meikyo)
悄れる     0   0.0% - rK (meikyo)

萎れて 19,635  99.7% 
凋れて     38   0.2% 
悄れて     25   0.1%
  Comments:
Most kokugos only have 萎れる. We could sK them.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -12,0 +14 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
5. A 2015-10-16 01:18:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2015-10-15 16:12:38  luce
  Refs:
eij, prog kana
n-grams (2:1)
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -29,0 +31 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
3. A 2011-08-03 00:07:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1184160 Active (id: 2357262)
下がる [ichi1,news1,nf24] 下る [io] 退がる [sK]
さがる [ichi1,news1,nf24] サガる (nokanji)
1. [v5r,vi]
▶ to come down
▶ to go down
▶ to fall
▶ to drop
▶ to sink
▶ to get lower
Cross references:
  ⇔ ant: 1352290 上がる 1. to rise; to go up; to come up; to ascend; to be raised
  ⇐ ant: 2864573 揚がる【あがる】 5. to rise; to go up; to come up; to ascend; to be raised
2. [v5r,vi]
▶ to hang
▶ to dangle
3. [v5r,vi]
▶ to move back
▶ to step back
▶ to withdraw
▶ to retire
4. [v5r,vi]
▶ to deteriorate
▶ to fall off
▶ to be downgraded
5. [v5r,vi]
▶ to get closer to the present day
6. [v5r,vi] [uk] {go (game)}
《usu. サガる》
▶ to play a sagari
▶ to extend downwards
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1609810 【サガリ】 6. sagari; to extend a group of stones towards the edge of the board

Conjugations


History:
18. A 2026-01-12 10:30:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Could be a separate entry.
17. A* 2026-01-12 09:06:23  Adrian Grana <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/サガリ_(囲碁)
https://www.godictionary.net/term/sagari.html
https://senseis.xmp.net/?Sagari
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>サガる</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
@@ -59,0 +64,10 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5r;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1609810">サガリ・6</xref>
+<field>&go;</field>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
+<s_inf>usu. サガる</s_inf>
+<gloss>to play a sagari</gloss>
+<gloss>to extend downwards</gloss>
16. A 2025-08-30 18:31:28  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
下ル and 下 no longer needed here
  Diff:
@@ -13,8 +12,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>下ル</keb>
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>下</keb>
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
15. A 2025-08-30 10:52:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Split off to 2867124.
  Diff:
@@ -68,6 +67,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
-<s_inf>as ~下ル or ~下; in the Kyoto address system</s_inf>
-<gloss>below</gloss>
-<gloss>south of</gloss>
14. A 2025-04-25 22:15:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 13 older log entries)

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jmdict 1444390 Active (id: 2337685)
屠る宰る [sK]
ほふるはふる [rk] ほぶる [ok]
1. [v5r,vt] [form]
▶ to slaughter
▶ to massacre
▶ to butcher
2. [v5r,vt] [form]
▶ to defeat soundly
▶ to overpower
▶ to vanquish

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2025-04-26 01:34:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2025-04-25 19:44:33  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 屠る  │ 11.695 │ 88.7% │
│ 宰る  │     25 │  0.2% │Nikkoku only; [sK]
│ はふる │ 11.090 │  N/A  │Duplicates
│ ほふる │  1.440 │ 10.9% │
│ ほぶる │     30 │  0.2% │Koj: (古くはホブルとも); Also an entry in Koj and Nikkoku has a note as well ; [ok]
╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
Sankoku and Shinsen tag [form], gendaiSK tags [arch] and has a yodan tag, odd

はふる is in daij, nikk, iwakoku and koj
Iwakoku remarks this: ▽殺す、負かす、勢力などを抹殺するの、雅語的表現。「放る」との結び付きが失せ歴史的仮名遣いの拾い読みで残った語。→ほふる
It's the only ref classing this as a godan verb, the others have yodan
Definitely old, already appeared in the kojiki

The three examples of 屠る on youglish pronounce it ほふる
  Comments:
I think はふる should either be tagged [rk] or just dropped/have its own entry alltogether
Also はふる doesn't apply to 宰る
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -14 +15,2 @@
-<reb>ほぶる</reb>
+<reb>はふる</reb>
+<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf>
@@ -17 +19,2 @@
-<reb>はふる</reb>
+<reb>ほぶる</reb>
+<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
@@ -21,0 +25 @@
+<misc>&form;</misc>
@@ -28,0 +33 @@
+<misc>&form;</misc>
3. A 2020-02-10 01:01:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2020-02-09 22:23:43  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
gg5 https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/屠る
  Diff:
@@ -29,0 +30,2 @@
+<gloss>to overpower</gloss>
+<gloss>to vanquish</gloss>
1. A* 2020-02-09 06:23:52  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/屠る-604283
https://kotobank.jp/word/屠・宰-2082758
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/屠る
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>宰る</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12,6 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ほぶる</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>はふる</reb>
@@ -15 +23,0 @@
-<gloss>to defeat</gloss>
@@ -17,0 +26,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5r;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<gloss>to defeat soundly</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1466350 Active (id: 2337631)
入城
にゅうじょう
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ entry into a castle (esp. by a conquering force)

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2025-04-25 07:30:25  Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-24 04:58:47 
  Refs:
入城料	956
kokugos
  Diff:
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>entry into a castle (by a conquering force)</gloss>
+<gloss>entry into a castle (esp. by a conquering force)</gloss>
1. A 2021-11-18 01:22:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>

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jmdict 1492440 Active (id: 2337733)
不細工無細工 [rK]
ぶさいくぶざいくブサイク (nokanji)ぶっさいく [sk] ブッサイク [sk]
1. [adj-na,n]
▶ clumsy (work)
▶ awkward
▶ poorly made
▶ botched
2. [adj-na,n] [uk]
▶ ugly (of a person)
▶ unattractive
▶ plain
▶ homely
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2828811 ブサ男【ブサお】 1. ugly man
  ⇐ see: 2163260 ブサメン 1. ugly man



History:
12. A 2025-04-26 07:40:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11. A* 2025-04-25 02:35:52 
  Refs:
ぶさいくな	11745	11.6%
ブサイクな	75858	75.1%
ぶっさいくな	8050	8.0%
ブッサイクな	5298	5.2%
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20,8 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ぶっさいく</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ブッサイク</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
10. A 2024-11-23 20:33:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9. A* 2024-11-23 00:28:13  parfait8
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 不細工  │ 343,753 │ 99.9% │
│ 無細工  │     309 │  0.1% │ add rK
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 不細工  │ 343,753 │ 43.6% │
│ 無細工  │     309 │  0.0% │
│ ブサイク │ 367,646 │ 46.6% │
│ ぶさいく │  76,209 │  9.7% │
│ ブザイク │     607 │  0.1% │
│ ぶざいく │       0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
Kyoto/Melbourne N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 不細工  │ 11,264 │ 48.2% │
│ 無細工  │     37 │  0.2% │
│ ブサイク │ 10,167 │ 43.5% │
│ ぶさいく │  1,870 │  8.0% │
│ ブザイク │     25 │  0.1% │
│ ぶざいく │      9 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
8. A 2021-04-25 12:34:48  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
ブサイクな男	3568	   
ブサイクな女	1917
  Diff:
@@ -32 +31,0 @@
-<s_inf>esp. of men</s_inf>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)

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jmdict 1554170 Active (id: 2337594)
凌ぎ
しのぎ
1. [n,suf]
▶ (means of) enduring
▶ tiding over
▶ pulling through
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2025920 その場しのぎ 1. stopgap; makeshift; temporary measure
2. [n]
▶ food offered to attendants of a funeral
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2865146 非時 3. food offered to attendants of a funeral



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 00:00:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-24 20:28:22  Sombrero1
  Refs:
First sense:
Shinsen: ㊀[名][造]苦しさや困難をきりぬけること。また、その手段や方法。
GendaiSK: [接尾][苦しい状態を]切り抜けること。また、その手段。
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<pos>&suf;</pos>
@@ -12,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>(means of) enduring</gloss>
@@ -13,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>pulling through</gloss>
@@ -21 +24 @@
-<gloss>offering food to attendants of a funeral</gloss>
+<gloss>food offered to attendants of a funeral</gloss>
1. A* 2025-04-24 10:12:16  Bernhard Fritz-Zieroth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.weblio.jp/content/非時   非時 No 3  会葬者に出す食事。凌(しの)ぎ。
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,6 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2865146">非時・3</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2865146">非時・3</xref>
+<gloss>offering food to attendants of a funeral</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1638460 Active (id: 2337668)
濫りがましい猥りがましい妄りがましい
みだりがましい
1. [adj-i] [uk,rare]
▶ morally corrupt

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2025-04-25 21:50:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-04-25 20:51:25 
  Diff:
@@ -17,0 +18 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
2. A 2025-03-27 19:27:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-03-27 17:47:55  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Sounds like this isn't archaic, but it's rare in the n-gram corpus.
Shinsen: 近代以降に生まれた言い方。

Kyoto/Melbourne N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬───╮
│ 濫りがましい  │ 1 │ - (daijr)
│ 猥りがましい  │ 5 │ - (daijr, sankoku)
│ 妄りがましい  │ 0 │ - (shinsen, iwakoku)
│ みだりがましい │ 8 │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴───╯
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬────╮
│ 濫りがましい  │  0 │
│ 猥りがましい  │  0 │
│ 妄りがましい  │  0 │
│ みだりがましい │ 39 │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴────╯
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
@@ -18,0 +18 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>

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jmdict 1671110 Active (id: 2337734)
妄語戒
もうごかい
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ precept forbidding one to speak untruthfully
▶ precept of satya
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1651550 妄語【もうご】 1. falsehood (as one of the five sins in Buddhism); lie



History:
4. A 2025-04-26 07:40:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-04-26 07:09:40  Sombrero1
  Comments:
Copy pasted my typo before correcting it in the other entry..
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>precept fordbidding one to speak untruthfully</gloss>
+<gloss>precept forbidding one to speak untruthfully</gloss>
2. A 2025-04-25 21:51:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-24 17:27:51  Sombrero1
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satya

Not an expression
  Comments:
Aligning with the other precept entries submitted today
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>do not speak untruthfully (precept)</gloss>
+<gloss>precept fordbidding one to speak untruthfully</gloss>
+<gloss>precept of satya</gloss>

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jmdict 1791790 Active (id: 2337604)
入園料
にゅうえんりょう
1. [n]
▶ kindergarten enrollment fee
▶ kindergarten enrolment fee
2. [n]
▶ entrance fee (for a park, zoo, etc.)



History:
4. A 2025-04-25 00:42:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-04-24 04:59:58 
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>park entrance fee</gloss>
+<gloss>entrance fee (for a park, zoo, etc.)</gloss>
2. A 2013-08-23 05:38:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2013-08-22 06:47:30  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
http://www.tokyo-park.or.jp/park/format/outline028.html
  Comments:
park etc.
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +15,4 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>park entrance fee</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1910520 Active (id: 2337630)
港まつりみなと祭みなと祭り港祭り港祭 [sK]
みなとまつり
1. [n]
▶ port festival



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 07:09:16  Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
jawiki (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/みなとまつり): 表記ゆれとして「みなと祭り」「みなと祭」…

港まつり   80,643 37.1%
みなと祭   46,787 21.6% <- adding
みなと祭り  37,929 17.5% <- adding
港祭り    23,402 10.8%
港祭      1,552  0.7% <- adding [sK]
みなとまつり 26,775 12.3%
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +8,6 @@
+<keb>みなと祭</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>みなと祭り</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +15,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>港祭</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2025-04-25 00:19:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-24 12:37:25  Nikolai Vavilov <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
N-gram
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>港まつり</keb>
+</k_ele>

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jmdict 1940710 Active (id: 2337633)
石膏像石こう像 [sK]
せっこうぞう
1. [n]
▶ plaster figure
▶ plaster bust



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 08:07:54  Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>plaster figure (bust)</gloss>
+<gloss>plaster figure</gloss>
+<gloss>plaster bust</gloss>
2. A 2025-04-24 21:15:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
石膏像	15215	93.9%
石こう像	997	6.1%
1. A* 2025-04-24 20:24:52  Nikolai Vavilov <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
N-gram
  Comments:
Encountered this spelling in the CCs for 君は放課後インソムニア.
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>石こう像</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1961760 Active (id: 2337671)
イディッシュ語イディシュ語 [sK]
イディッシュご
1. [n]
▶ Yiddish
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2865122 ユダヤ語【ユダヤご】 1. Yiddish



History:
8. A 2025-04-25 21:54:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I see I was off the mark on general style.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<gloss>Yiddish (language)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yiddish</gloss>
7. A* 2025-04-25 10:47:26 
  Comments:
Isn't the style to disambiguate when it's unclear whether it refers to the language or something else? エスペラント語 is just defined as "Esperanto", サンスクリット語 as "Sanskrit"
6. A 2025-04-25 01:42:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
イディッシュ語	5105	98.1%
イディシュ語	100	1.9%
  Comments:
Yes, it usually does refer to the language, however not all readers of the entry would realise that. Our style is to annotate ...語 terms.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<gloss>Yiddish</gloss>
+<gloss>Yiddish (language)</gloss>
5. A* 2025-04-25 01:29:39 
  Refs:
not common but in brit
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>イディシュ語</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4. A* 2025-04-25 01:27:35 
  Comments:
Yiddish always refers to the language
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yiddish (language)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yiddish</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 2028570 Active (id: 2337665)

タンブラータンブラ [sk] タンプラー [sk]
1. [n]
▶ tumble dryer
▶ tumbler
▶ tumbler dryer
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2778460 回転式乾燥機【かいてんしきかんそうき】 1. tumble dryer
2. [n]
▶ drinking cup



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 21:47:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-25 15:34:18 
  Refs:
タンブラー	250904	98.3%
タンプラー	1365	0.5%
タンブラ	3092	1.2%
タンプラ	0	0.0%
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +8,4 @@
+<reb>タンブラ</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
@@ -8,0 +13 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
1. A 2005-03-05 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2083990 Active (id: 2338176)

ならない [spec1] ならぬ [sk] ならん [sk] なりません [sk]
1. [exp]
《as ...てならない》
▶ cannot help (feeling)
▶ unbearably
▶ awfully
▶ irresistibly
2. [exp]
《as ...てはならない》
▶ must not ...
▶ should not ...
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2864924 ならぬ 3. must not ...; should not ...
3. [exp]
《as ...なくてはならない, ...なければならない, ...ねばならない, etc.》
▶ must ...
▶ have to ...
▶ ought to ...
4. [exp]
▶ cannot
▶ unable to
5. [exp] [dated]
《as ...ではならない》
▶ not



History:
29. A 2025-05-01 06:49:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think "adj-i" is not appropriate when the glosses are clearly non-adjectival. I think that notes remove the need to mention "aux".
  Diff:
@@ -22 +21,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
@@ -31 +29,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
@@ -38 +35,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
@@ -46 +42,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
@@ -52 +47,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
28. A* 2025-04-27 09:15:27  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Meikyo and other kokugos have basically the same pattern of [exp] sense + usage note. I think it makes the intended usage very clear

.
  Comments:
I also feel that it's not needed as much since the expressions each sense is usually found in are given in the notes. Senses 1,2,3 and 5 are all examples of 補助動詞 and not 助動詞. While they could be tagged [aux(-adj)] because it's not distinguished in JMdict (ない is a 補助形容詞 as well strictly speaking), it's really not required as they almost always appear in fixed expressions. It would much rather become an argument of formality and not usefulness.


Sense 3 (your example):
健康でなくてはならない。= Noun-AuxV(連用)-SubsAdj(連用)-Particle-Particle-AdjI(Verb(未然)-SubsAdj(終止))

Just to illustrate how much actually plays into this one example, and why it may be simpler to just keep the expression tag
27. A* 2025-04-27 01:41:10  Sean McBroom
  Refs:
「健康でなくてはならない。」 You have to be healthy.
  Comments:
Actually, even sense 3 can sometimes be attached to na-adjectives, in which case the meaning is closer to "have to be" or "should be." I think sense 2 is the only one that exclusively attaches to verbs, unless I’m missing something.

At this point, the tagging changes might cause more confusion than clarity, so it might not be worth making any changes. After all, anyone can read the comments anyway.
  Diff:
@@ -32 +31,0 @@
-<pos>&aux;</pos>
@@ -40 +38,0 @@
-<pos>&aux;</pos>
26. A* 2025-04-26 23:04:05  Sean McBroom
  Comments:
Might only tag the senses that are exclusively attached to verbs to make it less confusing.
  Diff:
@@ -23 +22,0 @@
-<pos>&aux;</pos>
@@ -56 +54,0 @@
-<pos>&aux;</pos>
25. A* 2025-04-26 22:22:32  Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think these senses align well as auxiliary expressions and that adds value for search-ability and for readers who might be confused.
(show/hide 24 older log entries)

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jmdict 2113920 Active (id: 2337689)
鼻ピ鼻ピー
はなピ (鼻ピ)はなピー (鼻ピー)
1. [n] [abbr,sl]
▶ nose piercing
▶ nose ring
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2114250 鼻ピアス【はなピアス】 1. nose piercing; nose ring



History:
3. A 2025-04-26 01:40:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-25 02:38:11 
  Refs:
jitsuyo

鼻ピ	2188	68.6%
鼻ピー	1001	31.4%
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>鼻ピー</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12,5 @@
+<re_restr>鼻ピ</re_restr>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>はなピー</reb>
+<re_restr>鼻ピー</re_restr>
1. A 2006-12-04 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2117380 Active (id: 2342611)
立体駐車場
りったいちゅうしゃじょう
1. [n]
▶ multi-storey car park (multi-story)
▶ parking structure
▶ parking deck
▶ parking garage
▶ parkade
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1551740 立体【りったい】 2. multi-storey car park
2. [n]
▶ mechanical stacked car park



History:
7. A 2025-06-20 08:15:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>multi-story car park</gloss>
+<gloss>multi-storey car park (multi-story)</gloss>
6. A* 2025-06-20 07:27:34 
  Comments:
American english is the standard at this database?
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>multi-storey car park</gloss>
+<gloss>multi-story car park</gloss>
5. A 2025-04-25 00:17:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: a (multistory) parking garage; 《英》a multi-storey car park; 《英》《口》 a multi-storey.
  Comments:
The term covers both types.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,8 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>multi-storey car park</gloss>
+<gloss>parking structure</gloss>
+<gloss>parking deck</gloss>
+<gloss>parking garage</gloss>
+<gloss>parkade</gloss>
+</sense>
4. A* 2025-04-24 07:37:22 
  Refs:
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c20z46p0p6jo
  Comments:
not multistorey parking in general, more specific
  Diff:
@@ -12,5 +12 @@
-<gloss>multi-storey car park</gloss>
-<gloss>parking structure</gloss>
-<gloss>parking deck</gloss>
-<gloss>parking garage</gloss>
-<gloss>parkade</gloss>
+<gloss>mechanical stacked car park</gloss>
3. A 2011-01-01 23:23:23  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2117380 Rejected (id: 2342630)
立体駐車場
りったいちゅうしゃじょう
1. [n]
▶ multi-storey car park (multi-story)
▶ parking structure
▶ parking deck
▶ parking garage
▶ parkade
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1551740 立体【りったい】 2. multi-storey car park
2. [n]
▶ mechanical stacked car park

History:
9. R 2025-06-20 17:40:47  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://github.com/JMdictProject/JMdictIssues/issues
  Comments:
There is an JMdict Issues forum where matters such as structure, format, policies, tags, and other issues concerning dictionary content can be raised and discussed (currently hosted on GitHub.)
8. A* 2025-06-20 15:04:52 
  Comments:
I've checked a couple dozen entries. They are all American English. But this database lacks consistency in various other ways
7. A 2025-06-20 08:15:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>multi-story car park</gloss>
+<gloss>multi-storey car park (multi-story)</gloss>
6. A* 2025-06-20 07:27:34 
  Comments:
American english is the standard at this database?
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>multi-storey car park</gloss>
+<gloss>multi-story car park</gloss>
5. A 2025-04-25 00:17:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5: a (multistory) parking garage; 《英》a multi-storey car park; 《英》《口》 a multi-storey.
  Comments:
The term covers both types.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,8 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>multi-storey car park</gloss>
+<gloss>parking structure</gloss>
+<gloss>parking deck</gloss>
+<gloss>parking garage</gloss>
+<gloss>parkade</gloss>
+</sense>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 2120120 Active (id: 2337675)
タガログ語
タガログご
1. [n]
▶ Tagalog



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 22:07:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-25 10:53:07 
  Comments:
doesn't need to be disambiguated, same as Yiddish, Sanskrit, Esperanto
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Tagalog (language)</gloss>
+<gloss>Tagalog</gloss>
1. A 2006-12-21 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2147990 Active (id: 2337597)
[spec1] [rK]
[spec1]
1. [n]
▶ back
2. [n]
▶ reverse
▶ rear side
▶ back (e.g. of a chair)
▶ spine (of a book)
3. [n]
▶ height
▶ stature
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1472650 背【せい】 1. height; stature
4. [n]
▶ ridge (of a mountain)



History:
12. A 2025-04-25 00:06:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11. A* 2025-04-24 07:50:54  GM <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
背 4,270,563  99.8% 
脊     9,755   0.2% - rK (daijs)
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
10. A 2021-09-27 15:30:23  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
It's a separate sense in daijs, koj and nikk but I don't mind including it in sense 2.
9. A 2021-09-27 07:37:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2021-09-27 01:15:40  Opencooper
  Refs:
wisdom, etc.
  Comments:
Not a separate sense in the refs. The JEs group it with "back of a chair".
  Diff:
@@ -23,0 +24 @@
+<gloss>spine (of a book)</gloss>
@@ -29,4 +29,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>spine (of a book)</gloss>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)

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jmdict 2174180 Active (id: 2337674)
クレオール語
クレオールご
1. [n] {linguistics}
▶ creole



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 22:02:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
It was wrong.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&ling;</field>
2. A* 2025-04-25 10:44:41 
  Comments:
not so sure that's a great explanation
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>creole (pidgin that has become a mother tongue)</gloss>
+<gloss>creole</gloss>
1. A 2007-05-30 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2225790 Active (id: 2337646)
グリムの法則
グリムのほうそく
1. [exp,n] {linguistics}
▶ Grimm's law



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 11:54:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-25 01:46:54 
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -11,0 +13 @@
+<field>&ling;</field>
1. A 2007-10-06 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2403210 Active (id: 2337645)
アメリカ英語アメリカン英語 [sK]
アメリカえいご
1. [n]
▶ American English
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1508880 米語【べいご】 1. American English



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 11:52:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-25 10:42:36 
  Comments:
アメリカ英語	57446	98.9%
アメリカン英語	624	1.1%
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>アメリカン英語</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
1. A 2008-08-08 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2532130 Active (id: 2337826)
せめぎ合う鬩ぎ合う鬩ぎあう [sK]
せめぎあう
1. [v5u]
▶ to fight each other

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2025-04-27 05:48:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2025-04-25 18:11:58  GM <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
せめぎ合う 9,350  48.2% 
鬩ぎ合う    965   5.0% 
鬩ぎあう    374   1.9% -sK
せめぎあう 8,714  44.9%
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3. A 2012-11-12 03:13:22  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2012-11-11 17:42:59  Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Hits in order: 113k, 63k, 46k
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +5,3 @@
+<keb>せめぎ合う</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -6,0 +9,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>鬩ぎあう</keb>
1. A 2010-03-18 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2547760 Active (id: 2337647)

ラボックスクロミスラボックス・クロミス
1. [n]
▶ Lubbock's chromis (Chromis lubbocki)



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 11:55:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-25 07:34:13 
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ラボックス・クロミス</reb>
1. A 2010-05-21 05:46:47  James Rose

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jmdict 2675390 Active (id: 2337664)

グレービーソースグレイビーソースグレービー・ソースグレイビー・ソース
1. [n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "gravy sauce"
▶ gravy
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1047560 グレービー 1. gravy



History:
4. A 2025-04-25 21:46:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-04-25 15:11:26 
  Refs:
グレイビーソース	4426	26.8%
グレービーソース	11410	69.1%
グレイヴィーソース	101	0.6%
グレーヴィーソース	146	0.9%
グレイビー・ソース	129	0.8%
グレービー・ソース	298	1.8%
グレイヴィー・ソース	0	0.0%
グレーヴィー・ソース	0	0.0%
  Diff:
@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@
+<reb>グレービーソース</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
@@ -5,0 +9,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>グレービー・ソース</reb>
2. A 2012-01-08 11:38:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2012-01-08 06:51:38  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs

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jmdict 2812650 Active (id: 2337714)

ゲー
1. [n-suf,n] [abbr,sl]
▶ (video) game
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1048400 ゲーム 1. game



History:
7. A 2025-04-26 06:17:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2025-04-25 15:13:53 
  Refs:
ソシャゲ, ネトゲ, エロゲ, ボドゲ, etc
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ゲ</reb>
5. A 2019-10-17 19:34:17  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<pos>&suf;</pos>
+<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>video game</gloss>
+<misc>&sl;</misc>
+<gloss>(video) game</gloss>
4. A* 2019-10-17 03:13:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Breaking up according to source. Other three senses have been incorporated in other entries.
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
+<pos>&suf;</pos>
@@ -14,21 +13,0 @@
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<field>&music;</field>
-<gloss>sol</gloss>
-<gloss>so</gloss>
-<gloss>G</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="1048470">ゲイ</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1048470">ゲイ</xref>
-<gloss>gay</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n-pr;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2231830">ガイア</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2231830">ガイア</xref>
-<gloss>Gaia (Greek goddess)</gloss>
-<gloss>Gaea</gloss>
-<gloss>Ge</gloss>
-</sense>
3. A 2017-05-13 14:46:48  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5 koj daijs wiki jwiki
  Diff:
@@ -29 +29 @@
-<gloss>Gaia</gloss>
+<gloss>Gaia (Greek goddess)</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2843780 Active (id: 2337667)
邪淫戒邪婬戒
じゃいんかい
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ precept of marital chastity and sexual restraint
▶ precept of brahmacharya



History:
4. A 2025-04-25 21:49:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-04-24 17:42:56  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮
│ 邪淫戒    │ 893 │ 91.6% │
│ 邪婬戒    │  82 │  8.4% │
│ じゃいんかい │   0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamas
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>prohibition on adultery and other indecent sexual acts</gloss>
+<gloss>precept of marital chastity and sexual restraint</gloss>
+<gloss>precept of brahmacharya</gloss>
2. A 2020-03-22 11:11:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5
1. A* 2020-03-20 06:04:25  Nicolas Maia
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/邪淫戒-524480
https://kotobank.jp/word/邪淫戒・邪婬戒-2047955
https://ejje.weblio.jp/sentence/content/邪淫戒

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jmdict 2847104 Active (id: 2337676)
ルクセンブルク大公国ルクセンブルグ大公国 [sK]
ルクセンブルクたいこうこく
1. [n]
▶ Grand Duchy of Luxembourg



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 22:13:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-25 10:51:55 
  Refs:
ルクセンブルク大公国	2435	75.7%
ルクセンブルグ大公国	783	24.3%
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ルクセンブルグ大公国</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
1. A 2020-10-15 13:46:24  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/index.html
jpwiki (たいこうこく rather than だい...)

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jmdict 2865122 Active (id: 2338191)
ユダヤ語
ユダヤご
1. [n]
▶ Yiddish
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1137080 【ユダヤ】 2. Jews
  ⇒ see: 1961760 イディッシュ語 1. Yiddish



History:
6. A 2025-05-01 10:36:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I still feel  it's odd, and obviously less common than イディッシュ語.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1137080">ユダヤ・2</xref>
5. A* 2025-04-25 01:36:48 
  Comments:
Both nipp and brit specifically say Yiddish. And 世界大百科事典(旧版)'s def of イディッシュ語 says "別名ユダヤ人ドイツ語,ユダヤ語"
Don't trust AI for definitions.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1968080">ヘブライ語</xref>
@@ -16 +15 @@
-<gloss>Jewish language (e.g. Hebrew or Yiddish)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yiddish</gloss>
4. A* 2025-04-25 00:39:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google AI overview:
「ユダヤ語」は、一般的にヘブライ語を指します。ユダヤ人が日常で使用してきた言語で、特にヘブライ文字を使用する独特のユダヤ的色彩を持つ言語を「ユダヤ諸語」とも呼びます。ヘブライ語は、旧約聖書(ユダヤ語聖書)の言語であり、イスラエルの公用語です。
  Comments:
I don't think that ニッポニカ xref is authoritative or useful.
Maybe this is appropriate.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1968080">ヘブライ語</xref>
@@ -13 +14 @@
-<gloss>yiddish</gloss>
+<gloss>Jewish language (e.g. Hebrew or Yiddish)</gloss>
3. D* 2025-04-24 12:15:13 
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/ゆだや語-3173986
2. D* 2025-04-24 02:39:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Needs better references than that. Could mean Hebrew.
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865127 Active (id: 2337801)
念仏寺念佛寺 [sK]
ねんぶつじ
1. [n]
▶ Nenbutsu temple
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2865126 念仏宗 1. Nenbutsu sect (of Buddhism)



History:
7. A 2025-04-26 21:58:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I now agree that the 念仏寺 entry can be dropped from jmnedict.
6. A* 2025-04-26 08:31:05  Sombrero1
  Refs:
https://nenbutsuji.jp/
  Comments:
Hm, I see. We have an [unclass] jmnedict entry for 化野念仏寺 (which gets 12k hits). Then it may actually be better to have that one with 念仏寺's current nedict gloss and delete 念仏寺 there.
愛宕念仏寺 gets 3k hits as well, I'm gonna propose an entry for it. I think it's better to have them both in separate entries instead of one that technically refers to both.
5. A* 2025-04-25 23:52:06 
  Refs:
念佛寺	765
  Comments:
Not that it matters greatly, but that definition is essentially wrong as there are 2 different temples in that area named XX念仏寺 so nobody refers to either as just 念仏寺.
化野念仏寺
愛宕念仏寺
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>念佛寺</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4. A* 2025-04-25 13:56:19  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Nikkoku:
  1 〘名〙 念仏宗の寺。
  2 京都市右京区嵯峨鳥居本化野町にある浄土宗の寺。...

Daijs has only the second sense
  

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 念仏寺 │ 12.518 │100.0% │
╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Comments:
It is both, none should be deleted
3. A* 2025-04-25 01:37:43 
  Comments:
It's not one specific place, so it's the jmnedict entry that should be deleted.
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865128 Active (id: 2337634)
入城料
にゅうじょうりょう
1. [n]
▶ entrance fee (for a castle)
▶ admission fee



History:
2. A 2025-04-25 08:44:33  Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-24 04:59:20 
  Refs:
daijs
入城料	956

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865138 Active (id: 2337679)
不偸盗戒
ふちゅうとうかい
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ precept of non-stealing
▶ precept of achourya
▶ precept of asteya



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 22:16:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-24 08:37:32  Sombrero1
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achourya#Jainism

BabylonJE
  Comments:
Aligning with 偸盗戒
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13,3 @@
-<gloss>Buddhist precept not to steal</gloss>
+<gloss>precept of non-stealing</gloss>
+<gloss>precept of achourya</gloss>
+<gloss>precept of asteya</gloss>
1. A* 2025-04-24 08:18:35  Bernhard Fritz-Zieroth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://yakushiji.or.jp/column/20221114/ lists 5 precepts
(Britannica article on 5-8-10 precepts https://www.britannica.com/topic/sila-Buddhism)
  Comments:
Existing:  1268090 五悪【ごあく】 1. the five sins (murder, theft, adultery, falsehood, and alcohol) 
 Existing:  2660760 不飲酒戒【ふおんじゅかい】 1. Buddhist precept prohibiting the consumption of alcohol 
 Existing:  2843615 飲酒【おんじゅ】 2. Buddhist precept prohibiting the consumption of alcohol 
 Adding the other four, in both patterns with and without 不 as per G N-grams:
 不偸盗戒	514	48.1%
   偸盗戒	555	51.9%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865142 Active (id: 2337680)
不妄語戒
ふもうごかい
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ precept forbidding one to speak untruthfully
▶ precept of satya



History:
4. A 2025-04-25 22:16:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-04-24 17:35:39  Sombrero1
  Refs:
BabylonJE, Nikkoku

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamas
  Comments:
Xref isn't really needed, they're equally "common"
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +11,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1671110">妄語戒</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1671110">妄語戒</xref>
@@ -15 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>Buddhist precept not to tell a lie</gloss>
+<gloss>precept forbidding one to speak untruthfully</gloss>
+<gloss>precept of satya</gloss>
2. A* 2025-04-24 08:52:49  Bernhard Fritz-Zieroth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://yakushiji.or.jp/column/20221114/ lists 5 precepts
(Britannica article on 5-8-10 precepts https://www.britannica.com/topic/sila-Buddhism)
  Comments:
Existing:  jmdict 1671110 Active (id: 64618) 妄語戒 【 もうごかい 】 1. 	[exp] {Buddhism} ▶ do not speak untruthfully (precept) Cross references: see: 1651550 妄語【もうご】 1. falsehood (as one of the five sins in Buddhism); lie 
Adding as per G N-grams
不妄語戒	        665	45.5%
  妄語戒	797	54.5%
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1671110">妄語戒</xref>
1. A* 2025-04-24 08:41:42  Bernhard Fritz-Zieroth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://yakushiji.or.jp/column/20221114/ lists 5 precepts
(Britannica article on 5-8-10 precepts https://www.britannica.com/topic/sila-Buddhism)
  Comments:
Existing:  1268090 五悪【ごあく】 1. the five sins (murder, theft, adultery, falsehood, and alcohol) 
 Existing:  2660760 不飲酒戒【ふおんじゅかい】 1. Buddhist precept prohibiting the consumption of alcohol 
 Existing:  2843615 飲酒【おんじゅ】 2. Buddhist precept prohibiting the consumption of alcohol 
 Adding the other four, in both patterns with and without 不 as per G N-grams:
不妄語戒	  665	45.5%
妄語戒	  797	54.5%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865143 Deleted (id: 2337603)
不歌舞観聴戒
ふかぶかんちょうかい
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ Buddhist precept not to sing or dance nor to see or hear these (for laymen on fast days only)



History:
4. D 2025-04-25 00:41:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I agree.
3. D* 2025-04-24 20:17:30  Sombrero1
  Comments:
I think this is too much. Neither this, nor 高広大床戒, nor 香油塗身戒 have any hits. I don't see them in refs.
For such obscure terms people are better off using a buddhism dictionary or another buddhism specific source. Like the 新纂浄土宗大辞典 available online
This term for example (without the 戒 suffix) can be found there
https://jodoshuzensho.jp/daijiten/index.php/戒
2. D* 2025-04-24 11:21:00 
1. A* 2025-04-24 09:15:12  Bernhard Fritz-Zieroth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://wikiarc.wikidharma.org/index.php/八戒斎, No 7
https://www.britannica.com/topic/sila-Buddhism writes:  Laymen are to observe the first five precepts (pañca-sīla) at all times. Occasionally, such as during the fortnightly fast day, they may observe eight precepts (aṣṭā-sīla; the first nine, with the seventh and eight combined as one). Normally, the full 10 vows are observed only by monks or nuns, who also follow the detailed monastic rules (see pātimokkha) that are a further elaboration of the precepts.
  Comments:
No N-gram matches found

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865146 Active (id: 2338332)
非時
ひじ
1. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ monk's fasting period (noon till 4am next day)
▶ priest's fasting period
2. [n] {Buddhism}
▶ meal taken in after noon
▶ meal breaking one's fast
3. [n]
▶ food offered to attendants of a funeral
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1554170 凌ぎ【しのぎ】 2. food offered to attendants of a funeral



History:
8. A 2025-05-03 08:14:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2025-04-25 13:45:41  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Iwakoku: ②「非時食ひじじき」の略。
Other refs also refer to 非時食. I think what e.g. oukoku and daijr did, is they condensed that extra sense into writing "また、その時間に食事をとること。また、その食事。非時食(ひじじき)。非食(ひじき)。"

非時食:
   Kanjigen: 〔仏〕非時の食事。時間外の食事。正午以後は食事をしないという制に反して、食事をすること。
   Nikkoku: 〘名〙 仏語。出家が食事をすべきでない時間に、すなわち正午を過ぎて食事をとること。また、その食事。在家でも八斎戒ではこれをつつしむことを規定する。非時。非食。
  Comments:
Yes, I missed that, thank you.

Maybe this is more accurate?
  Diff:
@@ -19 +19,2 @@
-<gloss>breaking one's fast</gloss>
+<gloss>meal taken in after noon</gloss>
+<gloss>meal breaking one's fast</gloss>
6. A* 2025-04-25 01:25:02 
  Comments:
"breaking one's fast" seems wrong based on what's in the kokugos, they say it's a monk's afternoon meal
5. A 2025-04-25 00:03:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2025-04-24 20:08:52  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Not just "fasting"
Oukoku: 〘仏〙僧が食事をとってはならない正午以後の時間。また、その時間にとる食事。
Nikkoku: ① 日中から翌朝の日の出前までの間。僧が食事してはならない時。
Weblio古語: ① 僧が食事をとってはならないとされる時間。日中(じつちゆう)(=正午)から後夜(ごや)(=午前四時)までの間。


Third sense:
  Iwakoku a.o. : ③会葬者に出す食事。
  Comments:
>Pls advise if 不非時 should be added, too.

 I don't think so, it's barely got any hits and I don't see it in refs.
 A word not being on kotobank is a good indicator for this, as kotobank offers 
 searches in the 日本国語大辞典(shorter version) and the 大辞泉. Both of which are very large dictionaries and 
 contain tons of rare and obscure words. In this case the full version of nikkoku(日本国語大辞典) doesn't have 
 it either. That doesn't mean a word being in nikkoku is enough for inclusion, but it's something to go off of
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>fasting</gloss>
+<gloss>monk's fasting period (noon till 4am next day)</gloss>
+<gloss>priest's fasting period</gloss>
@@ -18 +19 @@
-<gloss>violating fasting</gloss>
+<gloss>breaking one's fast</gloss>
@@ -22 +23 @@
-<gloss>offering food to attendants of a funeral ceremony</gloss>
+<gloss>food offered to attendants of a funeral</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865148 Active (id: 2337598)

ソバーキュリアスソーバーキュリアスソバー・キュリアスソーバー・キュリアス
1. [exp,n]
▶ sober curious



History:
2. A 2025-04-25 00:09:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://adf.org.au/insights/sober-curious/
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
1. A* 2025-04-24 12:24:52 
  Refs:
daijs, jitsuyo, wiki

https://globe.asahi.com/article/15364618
あえて酒を飲まないソバーキュリアスな旅行という選択肢 ノンアル派、Z世代以外にも

https://ignite.jp/2024/09/713415/
ジンジャーエール専門店がこだわり抜いた、ソバーキュリアス時代のラグジュアリードリンク「露香」

https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/otekomachi/20211221-OYTET50002/
若者から広がる、酒を飲まない生活「ソーバーキュリアス」とは

https://shueisha.online/articles/-/34101
30~50代に増加。あえて飲まない「ソーバーキュリアス」という価値観

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865150 Active (id: 2338168)
非時間的
ひじかんてき
1. [adj-na] {physics}
▶ achronal
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2783250 時間的 1. timewise; temporal; chronal



History:
2. A 2025-05-01 06:29:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Quiet
1. A* 2025-04-25 00:06:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865151 Active (id: 2337618)
中高ドイツ語
ちゅうこうドイツご
1. [n]
▶ Middle High German



History:
2. A 2025-04-25 01:55:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
JWN, RP
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:40:21 
  Refs:
中高ドイツ語	841	
wiki

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865152 Active (id: 2337621)
低地ドイツ語
ていちドイツご
1. [n]
▶ Low German



History:
2. A 2025-04-25 01:56:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
RP
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:41:59 
  Refs:
wiki
高地ドイツ語	1437	46.2% currently an entry
低地ドイツ語	1673	53.8%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865153 Active (id: 2337663)
ヴァンダル人バンダル人 [sK]
ヴァンダルじん
1. [n] [hist]
▶ Vandal



History:
2. A 2025-04-25 21:45:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:43:23 
  Refs:
gg5
ヴァンダル人	477	81.7%
バンダル人	107	18.3%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865154 Active (id: 2337892)

オールドスクールオールド・スクール
1. [adj-na]
▶ oldschool
▶ old-school



History:
3. A 2025-04-27 20:56:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>old-school</gloss>
2. A* 2025-04-25 10:49:09 
  Comments:
the adjective is oldschool or old-school
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>old school</gloss>
+<gloss>oldschool</gloss>
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:51:06 
  Refs:
daijs

オールドスクール	25795	64.6%
オールド・スクール	4042	10.1%
オールドスクールな	5975	15.0%
オールド・スクールな	706	1.8%
オールドスクールの	2981	7.5%
オールド・スクールの	413	1.0%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865155 Active (id: 2337673)
アルザス語
アルザスご
1. [n]
▶ Alsatian



History:
2. A 2025-04-25 21:58:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Not the dog.
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:53:14 
  Refs:
wiki
アルザス語	1219

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865156 Active (id: 2337688)
スイスドイツ語スイス・ドイツ語
スイスドイツご
1. [n]
▶ Swiss German



History:
2. A 2025-04-26 01:39:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:54:08 
  Refs:
スイスドイツ語	3189	81.6%
スイス・ドイツ語	615	15.7%
オーストリアドイツ語	79	2.0%
オーストリア・ドイツ語	26	0.7%

wiki

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865157 Active (id: 2337677)
ルクセンブルク語ルクセンブルグ語
ルクセンブルクご (ルクセンブルク語)ルクセンブルグご (ルクセンブルグ語)
1. [n]
▶ Luxembourgish



History:
3. A 2025-04-25 22:13:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-25 02:03:14 
  Refs:
ルクセンブルク語	822	55.3%
ルクセンブルグ語	664	44.7%
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ルクセンブルグ語</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12,5 @@
+<re_restr>ルクセンブルク語</re_restr>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ルクセンブルグご</reb>
+<re_restr>ルクセンブルグ語</re_restr>
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:55:19 
  Refs:
ルクセンブルク語	822
wiki

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865158 Active (id: 2337686)
スコットランド語
スコットランドご
1. [n]
▶ Scots (language)
▶ Lowland Scots



History:
2. A 2025-04-26 01:38:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
RP
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:56:24 
  Refs:
wiki

スコットランド語	1425	100.0%
スコットランド低地語	0	0.0%
スコッツ語	0	0.0%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865159 Active (id: 2337824)
カナダ英語
カナダえいご
1. [n]
▶ Canadian English



History:
2. A 2025-04-27 05:42:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:58:04 
  Refs:
already entries:
アメリカ英語   	57446	40.3%
イギリス英語   	75223	52.7%
オーストラリア英語	6162	4.3%

Others in Japanese wikipedia:
南アフリカ英語   	122	0.1%
ニュージーランド英語	906	0.6%
カナダ英語       	1770	1.2%
アイルランド英語  	561	0.4%
スコットランド英語	424	0.3%
ウェールズ英語   	28	0.0%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865160 Active (id: 2337681)
アイルランド英語
アイルランドえいご
1. [n]
▶ Irish English
▶ Hiberno-English



History:
2. A 2025-04-25 22:17:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:58:32 
  Refs:
already entries:
アメリカ英語   	57446	40.3%
イギリス英語   	75223	52.7%
オーストラリア英語	6162	4.3%

Others in Japanese wikipedia:
南アフリカ英語   	122	0.1%
ニュージーランド英語	906	0.6%
カナダ英語       	1770	1.2%
アイルランド英語  	561	0.4%
スコットランド英語	424	0.3%
ウェールズ英語   	28	0.0%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865161 Active (id: 2337717)
ニュージーランド英語
ニュージーランドえいご
1. [n]
▶ New Zealand English



History:
2. A 2025-04-26 06:20:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Marginal
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:59:04 
  Refs:
already entries:
アメリカ英語   	57446	40.3%
イギリス英語   	75223	52.7%
オーストラリア英語	6162	4.3%

Others in Japanese wikipedia:
南アフリカ英語   	122	0.1%
ニュージーランド英語	906	0.6%
カナダ英語       	1770	1.2%
アイルランド英語  	561	0.4%
スコットランド英語	424	0.3%
ウェールズ英語   	28	0.0%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865162 Active (id: 2337724)
スコットランド英語
スコットランドえいご
1. [n]
▶ Scottish English



History:
4. A 2025-04-26 06:58:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Those Japanese references conflate them, but it's probably best not to go there. We have スコットランド
3. A* 2025-04-26 05:47:54 
  Comments:
Scots is a separate language from Scottish English (Scottish English is a dialect, Scots is considered a separate language)
  Diff:
@@ -13 +12,0 @@
-<gloss>Scots</gloss>
2. A 2025-04-26 01:39:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD, RP
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>Scots</gloss>
1. A* 2025-04-25 01:59:36 
  Refs:
already entries:
アメリカ英語   	57446	40.3%
イギリス英語   	75223	52.7%
オーストラリア英語	6162	4.3%

Others in Japanese wikipedia:
南アフリカ英語   	122	0.1%
ニュージーランド英語	906	0.6%
カナダ英語       	1770	1.2%
アイルランド英語  	561	0.4%
スコットランド英語	424	0.3%
ウェールズ英語   	28	0.0%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2865163 Active (id: 2337648)
死ぬ権利
しぬけんり
1. [n]
▶ right to die



History:
2. A 2025-04-25 11:58:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-25 06:05:40 
  Refs:
gg5, wiki

死ぬ権利	8687

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jmdict 2865164 Deleted (id: 2337683)
堂々たる堂堂たる
どうどうたる
1. [adj-t]
▶ dignified
▶ grand
▶ imposing
▶ magnificent



History:
3. D 2025-04-25 22:21:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. D* 2025-04-25 10:29:18  Bernhard Fritz-Zieroth <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
[adj-t] is tagged for 堂々; did not find with explicit search on 堂々たる, but only later realized how [adj-t] is handled in jmdict. SORRY!
1. A* 2025-04-25 08:57:20  Bernhard Fritz-Zieroth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.weblio.jp/content/堂々たる
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/堂々たる~
  Comments:
堂々たる	  121614	99.5%
堂堂たる	     627	 0.5%

Google N-gram Corpus Counts   Top 10 N-grams Lookup for 堂々 (Frequency Order)
堂々	       1962408	  (existing)
堂々と	       1504359	  
堂々とし	        301254	  
堂々の	        179130	  
堂々とした	156825	  
堂々たる	        121513	  (this proposal)  
堂々として	121194	  
堂々巡り	         57487	  (existing)

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jmdict 2865165 Active (id: 2337882)
長幼の序
ちょうようのじょ
1. [exp,n]
▶ hierarchy based on age
▶ custom of elders first
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1623230 長幼 1. young and old



History:
3. A 2025-04-27 20:41:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
長幼の序が	243
  Comments:
Usual style.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
2. A* 2025-04-27 19:27:13  Sombrero1
  Refs:
no ref tags [n]

GendaiSK tags [exp]
  Comments:
Looks fine otherwise
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>principle of elders first</gloss>
+<gloss>custom of elders first</gloss>
1. A* 2025-04-25 10:00:13  Bernhard Fritz-Zieroth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.weblio.jp/content/長幼の序
https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/長幼の序/#jn-243598
  Comments:
Top 10 N-grams Lookup for 長幼 (Frequency Order)

長幼の序	4093	 
長幼	3237	 Jmdict 1623230 Active (id: 60126) 長幼 [news2,nf45] 【 ちょうよう [news2,nf45] 】 1. [n] ▶ young and old  
長幼の	1486	  
長幼の序を	917	  
長幼の順	        327

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jmdict 2865166 Active (id: 2338132)

モーキャプモーキャップ [sk]
1. [n] [abbr]
▶ motion capture
▶ mocap
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2334570 モーションキャプチャー 1. motion capture



History:
2. A 2025-05-01 02:44:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-25 10:57:17 
  Refs:
daijs

モーキャプ	444	83.6%
モーキャップ	87	16.4%

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jmdict 2865167 Active (id: 2337682)
かち上げる搗ち上げる [rK] 搗上げる [sK]
かちあげる
1. [v1,vt] {sumo}
▶ to rush (one's opponent) from below with arms folded
▶ to perform kachiage

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2025-04-25 22:18:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-04-25 14:14:51  parfait8
  Refs:
sankoku, daijr/s, gg5, smk, shinkoku, etc.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ かち上げ │  4,933 │ 98.1% │
│ 搗上げ  │     96 │  1.9% │
│ 搗ち上げ │      0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

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jmdict 2865168 Active (id: 2338173)

アルザス
1. [n]
▶ Alsace



History:
2. A 2025-05-01 06:44:10  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Quiet
1. A* 2025-04-25 21:57:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
アルザス	132702
GG5, etc.

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jmnedict 5585406 Deleted (id: 2337802)
念仏寺
ねんぶつじ
1. [place]
▶ Nenbutsuji temple (Adashino, Kyōto)



History:
4. D 2025-04-26 22:00:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
This is not the specific temple, and is in JMdict.
3. A 2025-04-25 21:51:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-04-25 14:02:35  Sombrero1
  Refs:
https://nenbutsuji.jp/eng/
  Comments:
Better reference, they have their own website
1. A* 2025-04-25 14:00:06  Sombrero1
  Refs:
https://www.japan.travel/en/spot/1143/

Daijs, Nikk
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Nenbutsuji</gloss>
+<gloss>Nenbutsuji temple (Adashino, Kyōto)</gloss>

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