JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1093700 Active (id: 2336766)

ノイジーマイノリティ；ノイジーマイノリティー；ノイジー・マイノリティ；ノイジー・マイノリティー

1.

[n]
▶ noisy minority

History:

3.	A 2025-04-14 01:49:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-04-07 03:05:32
	Refs:	ノイジーマイノリティ 983 54.3% ノイジー・マイノリティ 358 19.8% ノイジーマイノリティー 330 18.2% gg5, daij ノイジー・マイノリティー 138 7.6%
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>ノイジーマイノリティー</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ノイジー・マイノリティー</reb>
1.	A 2013-05-11 09:43:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ノイジー・マイノリティ</reb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1093880 Active (id: 2336765)

ノスタルジア [gai1]

1.

[n]
▶ nostalgia

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1093870 ノスタルジー 1. nostalgia

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 01:48:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 01:31:00
	Refs:	ノスタルジア 69643 30.3% ノスタルジー 159880 69.7%
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1093870">ノスタルジー</xref>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1152640 Active (id: 2336799)
悪辣；悪らつ [sK]
【あくらつ】

1.

[adj-na]
▶ crafty
▶ vicious
▶ unscrupulous
▶ sharp

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 08:22:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 07:19:29 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	悪辣　　 43,432 85.1% 悪らつ　 6,691 13.1% - sK あくらつ 940 1.8%
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1163450 Active (id: 2336800)
一助 [news1,nf22]
【いちじょ [news1,nf22] 】

1.

[n]
▶ (some small) help
▶ an aid
▶ some assistance

History:

4.	A 2025-04-14 08:23:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-04-14 07:09:07 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -16 +16 @@ -<gloss>a help</gloss> +<gloss>(some small) help</gloss>
2.	A 2020-07-09 00:26:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2020-07-08 22:36:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	Better to include the indefinite article here.
	Diff:	@@ -16,2 +16,3 @@ -<gloss>help</gloss> -<gloss>assistance</gloss> +<gloss>a help</gloss> +<gloss>an aid</gloss> +<gloss>some assistance</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1246670 Active (id: 2336863)
掘り当てる [news2,nf46] ；掘りあてる [sK] ；掘当てる [sK]
【ほりあてる [news2,nf46] 】

1.

[v1,vt]
▶ to strike (gold, oil, etc.)
▶ to find (e.g. buried treasure)
▶ to dig up

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2025-04-15 11:33:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-04-14 09:09:25 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	掘り当てる 9,383 88.4% 掘りあてる 1,120 10.5% - sK 掘当てる　 0 0.0% - sK ほりあてる 114 1.1%
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -13,0 +15 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
1.	A 2018-03-16 11:39:53 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 G n-grams: 掘り当てる 9383 掘りあてる 1120 ほりあてる 114 掘当てる No matches
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>掘りあてる</keb> @@ -20,2 +23,2 @@ -<gloss>to strike</gloss> -<gloss>to find</gloss> +<gloss>to strike (gold, oil, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to find (e.g. buried treasure)</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1352320 Rejected (id: 2339088)
上げる [ichi1,news2,nf42] ；騰げる [sK]
【あげる [ichi1,news1,news2,nf04,nf29,nf42] ；アゲる [sk] 】

1.

[v1,vt]
▶ to raise
▶ to elevate

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2210610 手を上げる 1. to raise one's hand
	⇒ ant: 1184170 下げる 2. to lower; to reduce; to bring down
	⇒ see: 2864818 挙げる 9. to raise; to elevate

2.

[v1,vt]
▶ to move something (to a higher place)
▶ to put onto (e.g. a shelf)

3.

[v1,vt]
《occ. 騰げる in ref. to price》
▶ to increase (price, quality, status, etc.)
▶ to raise (a wage)

4.

[v1,vt]
▶ to show someone (into a room)
▶ to let in (e.g. a guest)

5.

[v1,vt] [pol,uk]
▶ to give

6.

[v1,vt]
▶ to enrol (one's child in school)
▶ to enroll
▶ to send (one's child; e.g. to college)

7.

[v1,vt]
▶ to develop (talent, skill, etc.)
▶ to improve

8.

[v1,vt]
▶ to earn (something desirable)
▶ to achieve (e.g. a good result)
▶ to obtain

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2864818 挙げる 11. to earn (something desirable); to achieve (e.g. a good result); to obtain

9.

[v1,vt]
▶ to promote (someone)

10.

[v1,vt]
▶ to complete
▶ to finish

11.

[v1,vt]
▶ to make (a loud sound)
▶ to raise (one's voice)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1876110 声を上げる 1. to raise one's voice; to shout; to yell
	⇒ see: 2864818 挙げる 10. to make (a loud sound); to raise (one's voice)
	⇐ see: 2572900 悲鳴を上げる【ひめいをあげる】 1. to scream

12.

[v1,vt]
▶ to raise (one's gaze)
▶ to lift up (one's face)
▶ to look up

13.

[v1,vt]
▶ to do up (one's hair)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1866690 髪を上げる 1. to put up one's hair

14.

[v1,vt]
▶ to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.)

15.

[v1,vt]
▶ to praise
▶ to commend
▶ to flatter

16.

[v1,vt]
▶ to make do (with less expenses than expected)
▶ to cover expenses (with a given amount)
▶ to set costs

17.

[v1,vt]
▶ to finish (one's studies)
▶ to complete (a lesson)
▶ to pass (e.g. a class)

18.

[v1,vt]
▶ to upload (e.g. an image)
▶ to publish (on the internet)
▶ to post

19.

[v1,vt] [col]
《esp. as アゲる》
▶ to raise someone's spirits
▶ to cheer someone up
▶ to enhance a mood

20.

[v1,vi]
《of the tide》
▶ to come in
▶ to rise

21.

[v1,vi] {finance}
▶ to increase (of market price)
▶ to rise (of stock prices)

22.

[v1,vi,vt]
▶ to vomit
▶ to throw up

23.

[aux-v,v1] [uk,pol]
《after the -te form of a verb》
▶ to do for (the sake of someone else)

24.

[suf,v1]
《after the -masu stem of a verb》
▶ to complete ...

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1297320 作り上げる 1. to build up; to complete; to construct; to create; to put together

25.

[suf,v1] [hum]
《after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility》
▶ to humbly do ...

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1362950 申し上げる 2. to do

Conjugations

History:

31.	R 2025-05-12 22:40:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree. Better the way it was.
30.	A* 2025-05-12 22:26:53
	Comments:	That's not the typical style for usage notes. That's a note on meaning, not usage.
29.	A* 2025-05-12 18:20:04
	Diff:	@@ -160,2 +160,3 @@ -<gloss>(of the tide) to come in</gloss> -<gloss>(of the tide) to rise</gloss> +<s_inf>of the tide</s_inf> +<gloss>to come in</gloss> +<gloss>to rise</gloss>
28.	A 2025-05-03 06:23:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -32,0 +33 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・9</xref> @@ -77,0 +79 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・11</xref> @@ -97,0 +100 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・10</xref>
27.	A* 2025-05-02 08:28:58 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Xrefs + minor changes
	Comments:	Thanks, I actually meant to comment on 揚げる that I didn't find any more noteworthy senses to add after my last edit to 挙げる, but I forgot.. Not that it matters now
	Diff:	@@ -31,0 +32 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・9</xref> @@ -71 +72 @@ -<gloss>to develop (talent, skill)</gloss> +<gloss>to develop (talent, skill, etc.)</gloss> @@ -76,0 +78 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・11</xref> @@ -95,0 +98 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・10</xref> @@ -136 +139 @@ -<gloss>to pass (a class, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to pass (e.g. a class)</gloss>
(show/hide 26 older log entries)
26.	A 2025-05-02 07:45:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm reasonably happy with the proposed split of 上げる/挙げる/揚げる, so I've been working away at the indexing of the 500+ sentences using them. I think they can now go live, and I can check the results next week when the new index file is released. I note that some sentences have 上げる where our new structure has 挙げる, and vice versa. There are only a couple.
25.	A* 2025-04-16 19:14:04 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 手を上げる │ 42.850 │ 52.4% │ │ 手を挙げる │ 38.805 │ 47.4% │ │ 手を揚げる │ 152 │ 0.2% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ Change xref target to 手を上げる since 挙げる is now gone
	Diff:	@@ -30,2 +30,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2210610">手を挙げる・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2210610">手を挙げる・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2210610">手を上げる・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2210610">手を上げる・1</xref> @@ -80 +80 @@ -<gloss>to obtain (revenue, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to obtain</gloss>
24.	A* 2025-04-14 18:31:23 Sombrero1
	Refs:	ーーーーーーーーNEW SENSE 2ーーーーーーーーー Multiple refs have a seperate sense from the first that looks like this: 2〔高い場所に移す〕 Sankoku does it like this: ①上のほうへ動かす。「手を━・頭を━」（↔下げる） ②高い場所へ移す。「たなに物を━・上司に報告を━」（↔下ろす）ーーーーーーーーNEW SENSE 7ーーーーーーーーー I think "to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to develop (talent, skill); to improve" can be split into two senses. GendaiSK does it that way too 1. to increase (price, quality, status, etc.) 2. to develop (talent, skill); to improve ーーーーーーーーADDITION TO SENSE 6ーーーーーーーーー "to send (one's child\; e.g. to college)" is also an example sentence in Olex and Prog ーーーーーーーーNEW SENSE 8ーーーーーーーーー Prog: 2〔昇進させる〕promote 彼はやっと課長に上げてもらったHe was finally promoted to section chief. ーーーーーーーーNEW SENSE 12ーーーーーーーーー Prog: 3〔体の一部を上に動かす〕私は驚いて顔を上げたI looked up in surprise. 遠くの山に向かって目を上げたI 「looked up at [lifted my eyes to] the distant mountains. Also in Daijr, etc. ーーーーーーーーNotesーーーーーーーーー Any refs for the "to send someone away" sense? I didn't see it. Removed for now
	Comments:	I've now changed the sense ordering, not 1:1 to what ChatGPT proposed. I'm inspired by approaches like prog's, where the first four senses are grouped as they all relate to something physically moving. On the other hand there are approaches like GendaiSK's, where the senses referring to something "going higher" are put first. I just think that senses like "to do up one's hair" shouldn't be as high as they were previously. I welcome suggestions, especially if something seems off I think this should be the final edit to this entry alone. The next step should now be to find out where they overlap
	Diff:	@@ -38,2 +38,9 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1866690">髪を上げる</xref> -<gloss>to do up (one's hair)</gloss> +<gloss>to move something (to a higher place)</gloss> +<gloss>to put onto (e.g. a shelf)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<s_inf>occ. 騰げる in ref. to price</s_inf> +<gloss>to increase (price, quality, status, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to raise (a wage)</gloss> @@ -57,5 +63,0 @@ -<gloss>to send someone (away)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -64,6 +66,5 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<s_inf>occ. 騰げる in ref. to price</s_inf> -<gloss>to increase (price, quality, status, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to send (one's child; e.g. to college)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -71,0 +73,18 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to earn (something desirable)</gloss> +<gloss>to achieve (e.g. a good result)</gloss> +<gloss>to obtain (revenue, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to promote (someone)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to complete</gloss> +<gloss>to finish</gloss> @@ -83,9 +102,14 @@ -<gloss>to earn (something desirable)</gloss> -<gloss>to achieve (e.g. a good result)</gloss> -<gloss>to obtain (revenue, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to complete</gloss> -<gloss>to finish</gloss> +<gloss>to raise (one's gaze)</gloss> +<gloss>to lift up (one's face)</gloss> +<gloss>to look up</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1866690">髪を上げる</xref> +<gloss>to do up (one's hair)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.)</gloss> @@ -98,6 +122,15 @@ -<gloss>to flatter someone</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to flatter</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to make do (with less expenses than expected)</gloss> +<gloss>to cover expenses (with a given amount)</gloss> +<gloss>to set costs</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to finish (one's studies)</gloss> +<gloss>to complete (a lesson)</gloss> +<gloss>to pass (a class, etc.)</gloss> @@ -111,14 +143,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to make do (with less expenses than expected)</gloss> -<gloss>to cover expenses (with a given amount)</gloss> -<gloss>to set costs</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to finish (one's studies)</gloss> -<gloss>to complete (a lesson)</gloss> -<gloss>to pass (a class, etc.)</gloss> @@ -145 +164 @@ -<gloss>to increase (of market prices)</gloss> +<gloss>to increase (of market price)</gloss> @@ -152,0 +172 @@ +<gloss>to throw up</gloss>
23.	A* 2025-03-31 10:21:06 Sombrero1
	Refs:	ーーーーーNEW SENSE 16ーーーーー Sankoku: (vt)⑳［アゲる］〔俗〕気分を高める。 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ アゲる │ 9.470 │100.0% │ ╰─ーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ Doing the same as in the 上がる entry here; [sk] + note on relevant sense ーーーーーNEW SENSE 14ーーーーー Also sankoku: ⑲その金額ですませる。「会費を一万円で━」 GendaiSK has a similar sense: XXの費用で賄う Shinsen as well: ❽予想より少ない経費ですます。「旅行を五万円で━」 A bit difficult to gloss, but I tried ーーーーーNEW SENSE 15ーーーーー Shinsen: ⓬習い終える。「初級編を━」 GendaiSK: 17 習い終わる Prog and other's have this sense: 7 〔仕上げる〕 Seems to be separate from the suffix sense we already have We have the intransitive pair as a sense in the 上がる entry as well ーーーーーNEW SENSE 18ーーーーー Sankoku: (vi)②〘経〙〔相場が〕上昇(じょうしょう)する。ーーーーーNEW SENSE 13ーーーーー Sankoku: ⑪〔インターネット上に〕アップロードする。公開する。「ネットに画像を━」 .
	Comments:	Secondary overhaul of this entry ーーーーーーーーーー Out of curiosity, and also scepticism about the current sense ordering, I asked chatgpt to give me his version with the following prompt: "This is the entry for the word 上げる in a Japanese-English dictionary, each number in square brackets denotes a seperate sense. How would you order them based on popularity, frequency and logic? Note that the first sense is fixed as [1], the bottom four are fixed as well. And the transitive senses [vt] should come first, then the intransitive ones [vi]. You may change the arrangement of senses in accordance with the given restrictions, but you may not change their contents." He answered: [1][v1,vt] to raise; to elevate [see=2210610・手を挙げる[1]] [ant=1184170・下げる[2]] [4][v1,vt][pol,uk] to give [7][v1,vt] to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to develop (talent, skill); to improve [note="occ. 騰げる in ref. to price"] [9][v1,vt] to earn (something desirable); to achieve (e.g. a good result); to obtain (revenue, etc.) [10][v1,vt] to complete; to finish [8][v1,vt] to make (a loud sound); to raise (one's voice) [see=1876110・声を上げる[1]] [11][v1,vt] to praise; to commend; to flatter someone [12][v1,vt] to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.) [3][v1,vt] to show someone (into a room); to let in (e.g. a guest) [6][v1,vt] to enrol (one's child in school); to enroll [5][v1,vt] to send someone (away) [2][v1,vt] to do up (one's hair) [see=1866690・髪を上げる[1]] [13][v1,vt] to make do (with less expenses than expected); to cover expenses (with a given amount); to set costs [14][v1,vt] to finish (one's studies); to complete (a lesson); to pass (a class, etc.) [15][v1,vt][col]["esp. as アゲる"] to raise someone's spirits; to cheer someone up; to enhance a mood [16][v1,vi] (of the tide) to come in; (of the tide) to rise [17][v1,vi][finc] to increase (of market price); to rise (of stock prices) [18][v1,vi,vt] to vomit [19][aux-v,v1][uk,pol] [note="after the -te form of a verb"] to do for (the sake of someone else) [20][suf,v1] [note="after the -masu stem of a verb"] to complete ... [see=1297320・作り上げる[1]] [21][suf,v1][hum] [note="after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility"] to humbly do ... [see=1362950・申し上げる[2]] ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー I personally favour his version a bit over our current order. What are your opinions? Note that the new sense 13 is not in his version because I added it after asking him (I thought I caught all senses).
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>アゲる</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> @@ -40,5 +43,0 @@ -<gloss>to land (a boat)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -45,0 +45 @@ +<gloss>to let in (e.g. a guest)</gloss> @@ -83,0 +84,8 @@ +<gloss>to achieve (e.g. a good result)</gloss> +<gloss>to obtain (revenue, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to complete</gloss> +<gloss>to finish</gloss> @@ -88,0 +97,2 @@ +<gloss>to commend</gloss> +<gloss>to flatter someone</gloss> @@ -93,0 +104,30 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to upload (e.g. an image)</gloss> +<gloss>to publish (on the internet)</gloss> +<gloss>to post</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to make do (with less expenses than expected)</gloss> +<gloss>to cover expenses (with a given amount)</gloss> +<gloss>to set costs</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to finish (one's studies)</gloss> +<gloss>to complete (a lesson)</gloss> +<gloss>to pass (a class, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<s_inf>esp. as アゲる</s_inf> +<gloss>to raise someone's spirits</gloss> +<gloss>to cheer someone up</gloss> +<gloss>to enhance a mood</gloss> @@ -98,0 +139,8 @@ +<gloss>(of the tide) to rise</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<field>&finc;</field> +<gloss>to increase (of market prices)</gloss> +<gloss>to rise (of stock prices)</gloss>
22.	A* 2025-03-29 22:33:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this 3-way split is fine. 中辞典 does it that way. The xref from 呉れる should be to the current sense 7. We swapped senses some years ago. A big task will be to redo the indices for the 500+ sentences. Fortunately almost all have the sense numbers tagged so it can be done using global edits. It can be left until this edit set is completed.
21.	A* 2025-03-29 10:24:38 Sombrero1
	Comments:	There don't seem to be opposing opinions. I think I meant to keep 騰げる visible, but it may as well be hidden with a note on the "increase..." sense. Then the last few restrictions can be dropped It's even rarer here than for あがる This seems like a drastic reduction at first, but I'm sure it will even out again when I'll go through similar senses. As some of them are probably not in here yet. There's currently an xref from 呉れる to this entry but it's already misaligned, was it supposed to ref to the "to give" sense (6)?
	Diff:	@@ -9,12 +8,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>挙げる</keb> -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>news1</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>nf04</ke_pri> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>揚げる</keb> -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>nf29</ke_pri> @@ -38,0 +27 @@ +<xref type="ant" seq="1184170">下げる・2</xref> @@ -51,7 +39,0 @@ -<gloss>to fly (a kite, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to launch (fireworks, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to surface (a submarine, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -61,6 +42,0 @@ -<stagk>揚げる</stagk> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to deep-fry</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> @@ -72 +47,0 @@ -<stagk>上げる</stagk> @@ -92,0 +68 @@ +<s_inf>occ. 騰げる in ref. to price</s_inf> @@ -117,33 +92,0 @@ -<s_inf>usu. 挙げる</s_inf> -<gloss>to give (an example, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to cite</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<s_inf>usu. 挙げる</s_inf> -<gloss>to summon up (all of one's energy, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagk>挙げる</stagk> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to arrest</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagk>挙げる</stagk> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to nominate</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagk>揚げる</stagk> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to summon (for geishas, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagk>上げる</stagk> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -151,11 +93,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to bear (a child)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<s_inf>usu. 挙げる</s_inf> -<gloss>to conduct (a ceremony, esp. a wedding)</gloss>
20.	A* 2025-03-25 10:12:52 Sombrero1
	Refs:	新選国語辞典　第十版: ㊀【上げる】 ❶低いほうから高いほうへ移す。上へやる。「たなに物を━」「ズボンの裾を━」⇔おろす・下げる。 ❷からだの一部を上のほうへ移す。上に向ける。「手を━」「顔を━」⇔おろす。 ❸地位・役職などを上の段階に移す。「課長を部長に━」⇔くだす・下げる。 ❹人に知られるようにする。「名を━」 ❺価値・程度などをよくする。「品質を━」「スピードを━」⇔落とす。 ❻商品の値を高くする。「八百円から九百円に━」 ❼神仏にそなえる。「線香を━」 ❽予想より少ない経費ですます。「旅行を五万円で━」 ❾入学させる。「こどもを小学校に━」 ❿おだてる。おだてあげる。 ⓫完了する。しあげる。「予定の仕事を━」参考この意味では「書き上げる」「作り上げる」のように動詞に付く例が多い。 ⓬習い終える。「初級編を━」 ⓭潮が満ちる。 ⓮胃の中のものをはき出す。 ⓯座敷などに入れる。「客を━」 ⓰収入・成果などを得る。「利益を━」㊁【揚げる】 ❶空中にとばす。高くかかげる。「花火を━」「旗を━」⇔おろす。参考高い所への移動に焦点が当たるときは「上げる」とも書く。 ❷陸上に移す。「船荷を━」 ❸声を高く、大きく発する。「歓声を━」 ❹熱した油で調理する。「てんぷらを━」 ❺芸者などを席に呼ぶ。㊂【挙げる】 ❶かぞえたてる。かかげる。「例を━」 ❷全部を一つにまとめる。「全力を━」「全社を挙げて取り組む」 ❸とりおこなう。「式を━」 ❹得る。もうける。「男の子を━」 ❺犯人をつかまえる。 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 上げる │ 5.220.853 │ 78.1% │ │ 挙げる │ 1.034.454 │ 15.5% │ │ 揚げる │ 431.217 │ 6.4% │ │ 騰げる │ 680 │ 0.0% │Meikyo and Oukoku ; add ; [rK] ╰─ーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Just looking at Shinsen's entry for example we can see the same situation as with あがる. I think it'd be reasonable to also split this into three and have 騰げる here as an [rK]. I believe its also a bit easier now that there already exist the three split あがる entries to somewhat model this off of. Are there opposing opinions?
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>騰げる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele>
19.	A 2023-11-19 21:41:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The last two senses aren't auxiliary verbs.
	Diff:	@@ -179 +179 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<pos>&suf;</pos> @@ -186 +186 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<pos>&suf;</pos>
18.	A 2020-01-17 15:26:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
17.	A* 2020-01-17 12:02:29
	Diff:	@@ -71,0 +72 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
16.	A 2020-01-17 04:38:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm swapping it with sense 7. It has 78 example sentences and sense 7 has none. (Avoids reindexing sentences.)
	Diff:	@@ -68 +68 @@ -<stagk>揚げる</stagk> +<stagk>上げる</stagk> @@ -71,2 +71,2 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to summon (for geishas, etc.)</gloss> +<misc>&pol;</misc> +<gloss>to give</gloss> @@ -135 +135 @@ -<stagk>上げる</stagk> +<stagk>揚げる</stagk> @@ -138,2 +138,2 @@ -<misc>&pol;</misc> -<gloss>to give</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to summon (for geishas, etc.)</gloss>
15.	A* 2020-01-16 22:03:10 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Sense 18 should probably be higher given how common it is.
14.	A 2018-06-13 16:14:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr
	Diff:	@@ -134,0 +135 @@ +<stagk>上げる</stagk> @@ -140,0 +142 @@ +<stagk>上げる</stagk>
13.	A 2015-10-17 23:34:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
12.	A* 2015-10-17 15:38:34 luce
	Comments:	I noticed Rene left senses 25, 26 as suf instead of aux-v many other verbs which attach to the masu stem are tagged aux-v though.
	Diff:	@@ -176 +176 @@ -<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -183 +183 @@ -<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&aux-v;</pos>
11.	A 2014-05-09 08:26:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	oops.
10.	A* 2014-05-09 05:36:44 Kim Ahlström <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Moved the (uk) comment on sense 7 to be an actual [uk] tag.
	Diff:	@@ -71 +71,2 @@ -<gloss>(uk) to summon (for geishas, etc.)</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to summon (for geishas, etc.)</gloss>
9.	A 2012-11-15 04:50:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Fair enough.
	Diff:	@@ -88,1 +88,1 @@ -<gloss>to develop (a talent or skill)</gloss> +<gloss>to develop (talent, skill)</gloss>
8.	A* 2012-11-14 05:33:13 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	daijs: "いちだんと望ましい状態にする。「男ぶりを―・げる」「腕を―・げる」"
	Comments:	moving it to sense 10: "to increase (price, quality, status, etc.)"
	Diff:	@@ -88,0 +88,2 @@ +<gloss>to develop (a talent or skill)</gloss> +<gloss>to improve</gloss> @@ -187,5 +189,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to develop (a talent or skill)</gloss> -</sense>
7.	A* 2012-11-14 01:55:30 winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I added the additional meaning "to develop (a talent or skill)" after running across this usage in a book: "料理の腕前をあげる" (the book is a translation of an English novel, which I also have, and the original text is "to develop her cooking skills")
	Diff:	@@ -187,0 +187,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to develop (a talent or skill)</gloss> +</sense>
6.	A 2011-12-23 00:58:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2011-12-19 09:13:08 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	1) ->real notes 2) change PoS from aux-v to suf where appropriate
	Diff:	@@ -81,1 +81,2 @@ -<gloss>to enrol (one's child in school) (enroll)</gloss> +<gloss>to enrol (one's child in school)</gloss> +<gloss>to enroll</gloss> @@ -165,0 +166,1 @@ +<pos>&v1;</pos> @@ -167,1 +169,2 @@ -<gloss>(after the -te form of a verb) to do for (the sake of someone else)</gloss> +<s_inf>after the -te form of a verb</s_inf> +<gloss>to do for (the sake of someone else)</gloss> @@ -170,1 +173,2 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&v1;</pos> @@ -172,1 +176,2 @@ -<gloss>(after the -masu stem of a verb) to complete</gloss> +<s_inf>after the -masu stem of a verb</s_inf> +<gloss>to complete ...</gloss> @@ -175,1 +180,2 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&v1;</pos> @@ -178,1 +184,2 @@ -<gloss>used after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility</gloss> +<s_inf>after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility</s_inf> +<gloss>to humbly do ...</gloss>
4.	A 2010-08-24 17:04:20 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2010-08-24 14:46:34 Paul Blay <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	x-ref change
	Diff:	@@ -34,1 +34,1 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2210610">手を挙げる・1</xref>
2.	A 2010-08-24 12:32:28 Paul Blay <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Just an x-ref.
	Diff:	@@ -92,0 +92,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1876110">声を上げる</xref>
1.	A 2010-05-23 03:26:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -35,51 +35,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・2</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・3</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・4</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・5</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・6</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・7</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・8</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・9</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・10</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・11</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・12</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・13</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・14</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・15</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・16</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・17</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・18</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・19</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・20</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・21</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・22</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・23</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・24</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・25</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・26</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・2</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・3</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・4</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・5</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・6</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・7</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・8</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・9</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・10</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・11</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・12</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・13</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・14</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・15</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・16</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・17</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・18</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・19</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・20</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・21</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・22</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・23</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・24</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・25</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・26</xref> @@ -226,1 +175,1 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1362950">申し上げる</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1362950">申し上げる・2</xref>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1352320 Active (id: 2347775)
上げる [ichi1,news2,nf42] ；騰げる [sK]
【あげる [ichi1,news2,nf42] ；アゲる [sk] 】

1.

[v1,vt]
▶ to raise
▶ to elevate

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2210610 手を上げる 1. to raise one's hand
	⇒ ant: 1184170 下げる 2. to lower; to reduce; to bring down
	⇒ see: 2864818 挙げる 9. to raise; to elevate

2.

[v1,vt]
▶ to move something (to a higher place)
▶ to put onto (e.g. a shelf)

3.

[v1,vt]
《occ. 騰げる in ref. to price》
▶ to increase (price, quality, status, etc.)
▶ to raise (a wage)

4.

[v1,vt]
▶ to show someone (into a room)
▶ to let in (e.g. a guest)

5.

[v1,vt] [pol,uk]
▶ to give

6.

[v1,vt]
▶ to enrol (one's child in school)
▶ to enroll
▶ to send (one's child; e.g. to college)

7.

[v1,vt]
▶ to develop (talent, skill, etc.)
▶ to improve

8.

[v1,vt]
▶ to earn (something desirable)
▶ to achieve (e.g. a good result)
▶ to obtain

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2864818 挙げる 11. to earn (something desirable); to achieve (e.g. a good result); to obtain

9.

[v1,vt]
▶ to promote (someone)

10.

[v1,vt]
▶ to complete
▶ to finish

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1913200 安く上げる【やすくあげる】 1. to get (something) done cheaply; to keep costs down; to finish at low cost

11.

[v1,vt]
▶ to make (a loud sound)
▶ to raise (one's voice)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1876110 声を上げる 1. to raise one's voice; to shout; to yell
	⇒ see: 2864818 挙げる 10. to make (a loud sound); to raise (one's voice)
	⇐ see: 2572900 悲鳴を上げる【ひめいをあげる】 1. to scream

12.

[v1,vt]
▶ to raise (one's gaze)
▶ to lift up (one's face)
▶ to look up

13.

[v1,vt]
▶ to do up (one's hair)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1866690 髪を上げる 1. to put up one's hair

14.

[v1,vt]
▶ to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.)

15.

[v1,vt]
▶ to praise
▶ to commend
▶ to flatter

16.

[v1,vt]
▶ to make do (with less expenses than expected)
▶ to cover expenses (with a given amount)
▶ to set costs

17.

[v1,vt]
▶ to finish (one's studies)
▶ to complete (a lesson)
▶ to pass (e.g. a class)

18.

[v1,vt]
▶ to upload (e.g. an image)
▶ to publish (on the internet)
▶ to post

19.

[v1,vt] [col]
《esp. as アゲる》
▶ to raise someone's spirits
▶ to cheer someone up
▶ to enhance a mood

20.

[v1,vi]
▶ (of the tide) to come in
▶ to rise

21.

[v1,vi] {finance}
▶ to increase (of market price)
▶ to rise (of stock prices)

22.

[v1,vi,vt]
▶ to vomit
▶ to throw up

23.

[aux-v,v1] [uk,pol]
《after the -te form of a verb》
▶ to do for (the sake of someone else)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2867372 たる 2. to do ... for (the sake of someone else)

24.

[suf,v1]
《after the -masu stem of a verb》
▶ to complete ...

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1297320 作り上げる 1. to build up; to complete; to construct; to create; to put together

25.

[suf,v1] [hum]
《after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility》
▶ to humbly do ...

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1362950 申し上げる 2. to do

Conjugations

History:

32.	A 2025-09-09 17:05:57 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Cleaning up priority tags on あげる
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<re_pri>news1</re_pri> @@ -19,2 +17,0 @@ -<re_pri>nf04</re_pri> -<re_pri>nf29</re_pri>
31.	A 2025-05-18 23:06:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
30.	A* 2025-05-18 15:53:33 Sombrero1
	Comments:	I agree with that, I also didn't like it but I forgot to come back to it. I think the way you did it is fine, a sense note would probably work as well.
29.	A* 2025-05-18 14:54:08
	Comments:	I don't really care if it's a note or not so do as you wish but it's jarring to have "(of the tide)" twice in a row
	Diff:	@@ -161 +161 @@ -<gloss>(of the tide) to rise</gloss> +<gloss>to rise</gloss>
28.	A 2025-05-03 06:23:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -32,0 +33 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・9</xref> @@ -77,0 +79 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・11</xref> @@ -97,0 +100 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・10</xref>
(show/hide 27 older log entries)
27.	A* 2025-05-02 08:28:58 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Xrefs + minor changes
	Comments:	Thanks, I actually meant to comment on 揚げる that I didn't find any more noteworthy senses to add after my last edit to 挙げる, but I forgot.. Not that it matters now
	Diff:	@@ -31,0 +32 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・9</xref> @@ -71 +72 @@ -<gloss>to develop (talent, skill)</gloss> +<gloss>to develop (talent, skill, etc.)</gloss> @@ -76,0 +78 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・11</xref> @@ -95,0 +98 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2864818">挙げる・10</xref> @@ -136 +139 @@ -<gloss>to pass (a class, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to pass (e.g. a class)</gloss>
26.	A 2025-05-02 07:45:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm reasonably happy with the proposed split of 上げる/挙げる/揚げる, so I've been working away at the indexing of the 500+ sentences using them. I think they can now go live, and I can check the results next week when the new index file is released. I note that some sentences have 上げる where our new structure has 挙げる, and vice versa. There are only a couple.
25.	A* 2025-04-16 19:14:04 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 手を上げる │ 42.850 │ 52.4% │ │ 手を挙げる │ 38.805 │ 47.4% │ │ 手を揚げる │ 152 │ 0.2% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ Change xref target to 手を上げる since 挙げる is now gone
	Diff:	@@ -30,2 +30,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2210610">手を挙げる・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="2210610">手を挙げる・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2210610">手を上げる・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2210610">手を上げる・1</xref> @@ -80 +80 @@ -<gloss>to obtain (revenue, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to obtain</gloss>
24.	A* 2025-04-14 18:31:23 Sombrero1
	Refs:	ーーーーーーーーNEW SENSE 2ーーーーーーーーー Multiple refs have a seperate sense from the first that looks like this: 2〔高い場所に移す〕 Sankoku does it like this: ①上のほうへ動かす。「手を━・頭を━」（↔下げる） ②高い場所へ移す。「たなに物を━・上司に報告を━」（↔下ろす）ーーーーーーーーNEW SENSE 7ーーーーーーーーー I think "to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to develop (talent, skill); to improve" can be split into two senses. GendaiSK does it that way too 1. to increase (price, quality, status, etc.) 2. to develop (talent, skill); to improve ーーーーーーーーADDITION TO SENSE 6ーーーーーーーーー "to send (one's child\; e.g. to college)" is also an example sentence in Olex and Prog ーーーーーーーーNEW SENSE 8ーーーーーーーーー Prog: 2〔昇進させる〕promote 彼はやっと課長に上げてもらったHe was finally promoted to section chief. ーーーーーーーーNEW SENSE 12ーーーーーーーーー Prog: 3〔体の一部を上に動かす〕私は驚いて顔を上げたI looked up in surprise. 遠くの山に向かって目を上げたI 「looked up at [lifted my eyes to] the distant mountains. Also in Daijr, etc. ーーーーーーーーNotesーーーーーーーーー Any refs for the "to send someone away" sense? I didn't see it. Removed for now
	Comments:	I've now changed the sense ordering, not 1:1 to what ChatGPT proposed. I'm inspired by approaches like prog's, where the first four senses are grouped as they all relate to something physically moving. On the other hand there are approaches like GendaiSK's, where the senses referring to something "going higher" are put first. I just think that senses like "to do up one's hair" shouldn't be as high as they were previously. I welcome suggestions, especially if something seems off I think this should be the final edit to this entry alone. The next step should now be to find out where they overlap
	Diff:	@@ -38,2 +38,9 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1866690">髪を上げる</xref> -<gloss>to do up (one's hair)</gloss> +<gloss>to move something (to a higher place)</gloss> +<gloss>to put onto (e.g. a shelf)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<s_inf>occ. 騰げる in ref. to price</s_inf> +<gloss>to increase (price, quality, status, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to raise (a wage)</gloss> @@ -57,5 +63,0 @@ -<gloss>to send someone (away)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -64,6 +66,5 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<s_inf>occ. 騰げる in ref. to price</s_inf> -<gloss>to increase (price, quality, status, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to send (one's child; e.g. to college)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -71,0 +73,18 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to earn (something desirable)</gloss> +<gloss>to achieve (e.g. a good result)</gloss> +<gloss>to obtain (revenue, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to promote (someone)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to complete</gloss> +<gloss>to finish</gloss> @@ -83,9 +102,14 @@ -<gloss>to earn (something desirable)</gloss> -<gloss>to achieve (e.g. a good result)</gloss> -<gloss>to obtain (revenue, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to complete</gloss> -<gloss>to finish</gloss> +<gloss>to raise (one's gaze)</gloss> +<gloss>to lift up (one's face)</gloss> +<gloss>to look up</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1866690">髪を上げる</xref> +<gloss>to do up (one's hair)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.)</gloss> @@ -98,6 +122,15 @@ -<gloss>to flatter someone</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to flatter</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to make do (with less expenses than expected)</gloss> +<gloss>to cover expenses (with a given amount)</gloss> +<gloss>to set costs</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to finish (one's studies)</gloss> +<gloss>to complete (a lesson)</gloss> +<gloss>to pass (a class, etc.)</gloss> @@ -111,14 +143,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to make do (with less expenses than expected)</gloss> -<gloss>to cover expenses (with a given amount)</gloss> -<gloss>to set costs</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to finish (one's studies)</gloss> -<gloss>to complete (a lesson)</gloss> -<gloss>to pass (a class, etc.)</gloss> @@ -145 +164 @@ -<gloss>to increase (of market prices)</gloss> +<gloss>to increase (of market price)</gloss> @@ -152,0 +172 @@ +<gloss>to throw up</gloss>
23.	A* 2025-03-31 10:21:06 Sombrero1
	Refs:	ーーーーーNEW SENSE 16ーーーーー Sankoku: (vt)⑳［アゲる］〔俗〕気分を高める。 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ アゲる │ 9.470 │100.0% │ ╰─ーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ Doing the same as in the 上がる entry here; [sk] + note on relevant sense ーーーーーNEW SENSE 14ーーーーー Also sankoku: ⑲その金額ですませる。「会費を一万円で━」 GendaiSK has a similar sense: XXの費用で賄う Shinsen as well: ❽予想より少ない経費ですます。「旅行を五万円で━」 A bit difficult to gloss, but I tried ーーーーーNEW SENSE 15ーーーーー Shinsen: ⓬習い終える。「初級編を━」 GendaiSK: 17 習い終わる Prog and other's have this sense: 7 〔仕上げる〕 Seems to be separate from the suffix sense we already have We have the intransitive pair as a sense in the 上がる entry as well ーーーーーNEW SENSE 18ーーーーー Sankoku: (vi)②〘経〙〔相場が〕上昇(じょうしょう)する。ーーーーーNEW SENSE 13ーーーーー Sankoku: ⑪〔インターネット上に〕アップロードする。公開する。「ネットに画像を━」 .
	Comments:	Secondary overhaul of this entry ーーーーーーーーーー Out of curiosity, and also scepticism about the current sense ordering, I asked chatgpt to give me his version with the following prompt: "This is the entry for the word 上げる in a Japanese-English dictionary, each number in square brackets denotes a seperate sense. How would you order them based on popularity, frequency and logic? Note that the first sense is fixed as [1], the bottom four are fixed as well. And the transitive senses [vt] should come first, then the intransitive ones [vi]. You may change the arrangement of senses in accordance with the given restrictions, but you may not change their contents." He answered: [1][v1,vt] to raise; to elevate [see=2210610・手を挙げる[1]] [ant=1184170・下げる[2]] [4][v1,vt][pol,uk] to give [7][v1,vt] to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to develop (talent, skill); to improve [note="occ. 騰げる in ref. to price"] [9][v1,vt] to earn (something desirable); to achieve (e.g. a good result); to obtain (revenue, etc.) [10][v1,vt] to complete; to finish [8][v1,vt] to make (a loud sound); to raise (one's voice) [see=1876110・声を上げる[1]] [11][v1,vt] to praise; to commend; to flatter someone [12][v1,vt] to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.) [3][v1,vt] to show someone (into a room); to let in (e.g. a guest) [6][v1,vt] to enrol (one's child in school); to enroll [5][v1,vt] to send someone (away) [2][v1,vt] to do up (one's hair) [see=1866690・髪を上げる[1]] [13][v1,vt] to make do (with less expenses than expected); to cover expenses (with a given amount); to set costs [14][v1,vt] to finish (one's studies); to complete (a lesson); to pass (a class, etc.) [15][v1,vt][col]["esp. as アゲる"] to raise someone's spirits; to cheer someone up; to enhance a mood [16][v1,vi] (of the tide) to come in; (of the tide) to rise [17][v1,vi][finc] to increase (of market price); to rise (of stock prices) [18][v1,vi,vt] to vomit [19][aux-v,v1][uk,pol] [note="after the -te form of a verb"] to do for (the sake of someone else) [20][suf,v1] [note="after the -masu stem of a verb"] to complete ... [see=1297320・作り上げる[1]] [21][suf,v1][hum] [note="after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility"] to humbly do ... [see=1362950・申し上げる[2]] ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー I personally favour his version a bit over our current order. What are your opinions? Note that the new sense 13 is not in his version because I added it after asking him (I thought I caught all senses).
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>アゲる</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> @@ -40,5 +43,0 @@ -<gloss>to land (a boat)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -45,0 +45 @@ +<gloss>to let in (e.g. a guest)</gloss> @@ -83,0 +84,8 @@ +<gloss>to achieve (e.g. a good result)</gloss> +<gloss>to obtain (revenue, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to complete</gloss> +<gloss>to finish</gloss> @@ -88,0 +97,2 @@ +<gloss>to commend</gloss> +<gloss>to flatter someone</gloss> @@ -93,0 +104,30 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to upload (e.g. an image)</gloss> +<gloss>to publish (on the internet)</gloss> +<gloss>to post</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to make do (with less expenses than expected)</gloss> +<gloss>to cover expenses (with a given amount)</gloss> +<gloss>to set costs</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to finish (one's studies)</gloss> +<gloss>to complete (a lesson)</gloss> +<gloss>to pass (a class, etc.)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<s_inf>esp. as アゲる</s_inf> +<gloss>to raise someone's spirits</gloss> +<gloss>to cheer someone up</gloss> +<gloss>to enhance a mood</gloss> @@ -98,0 +139,8 @@ +<gloss>(of the tide) to rise</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<field>&finc;</field> +<gloss>to increase (of market prices)</gloss> +<gloss>to rise (of stock prices)</gloss>
22.	A* 2025-03-29 22:33:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this 3-way split is fine. 中辞典 does it that way. The xref from 呉れる should be to the current sense 7. We swapped senses some years ago. A big task will be to redo the indices for the 500+ sentences. Fortunately almost all have the sense numbers tagged so it can be done using global edits. It can be left until this edit set is completed.
21.	A* 2025-03-29 10:24:38 Sombrero1
	Comments:	There don't seem to be opposing opinions. I think I meant to keep 騰げる visible, but it may as well be hidden with a note on the "increase..." sense. Then the last few restrictions can be dropped It's even rarer here than for あがる This seems like a drastic reduction at first, but I'm sure it will even out again when I'll go through similar senses. As some of them are probably not in here yet. There's currently an xref from 呉れる to this entry but it's already misaligned, was it supposed to ref to the "to give" sense (6)?
	Diff:	@@ -9,12 +8,0 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>挙げる</keb> -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>news1</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>nf04</ke_pri> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>揚げる</keb> -<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>nf29</ke_pri> @@ -38,0 +27 @@ +<xref type="ant" seq="1184170">下げる・2</xref> @@ -51,7 +39,0 @@ -<gloss>to fly (a kite, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to launch (fireworks, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to surface (a submarine, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -61,6 +42,0 @@ -<stagk>揚げる</stagk> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to deep-fry</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> @@ -72 +47,0 @@ -<stagk>上げる</stagk> @@ -92,0 +68 @@ +<s_inf>occ. 騰げる in ref. to price</s_inf> @@ -117,33 +92,0 @@ -<s_inf>usu. 挙げる</s_inf> -<gloss>to give (an example, etc.)</gloss> -<gloss>to cite</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<s_inf>usu. 挙げる</s_inf> -<gloss>to summon up (all of one's energy, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagk>挙げる</stagk> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to arrest</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagk>挙げる</stagk> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to nominate</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagk>揚げる</stagk> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to summon (for geishas, etc.)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagk>上げる</stagk> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> @@ -151,11 +93,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to bear (a child)</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<s_inf>usu. 挙げる</s_inf> -<gloss>to conduct (a ceremony, esp. a wedding)</gloss>
20.	A* 2025-03-25 10:12:52 Sombrero1
	Refs:	新選国語辞典　第十版: ㊀【上げる】 ❶低いほうから高いほうへ移す。上へやる。「たなに物を━」「ズボンの裾を━」⇔おろす・下げる。 ❷からだの一部を上のほうへ移す。上に向ける。「手を━」「顔を━」⇔おろす。 ❸地位・役職などを上の段階に移す。「課長を部長に━」⇔くだす・下げる。 ❹人に知られるようにする。「名を━」 ❺価値・程度などをよくする。「品質を━」「スピードを━」⇔落とす。 ❻商品の値を高くする。「八百円から九百円に━」 ❼神仏にそなえる。「線香を━」 ❽予想より少ない経費ですます。「旅行を五万円で━」 ❾入学させる。「こどもを小学校に━」 ❿おだてる。おだてあげる。 ⓫完了する。しあげる。「予定の仕事を━」参考この意味では「書き上げる」「作り上げる」のように動詞に付く例が多い。 ⓬習い終える。「初級編を━」 ⓭潮が満ちる。 ⓮胃の中のものをはき出す。 ⓯座敷などに入れる。「客を━」 ⓰収入・成果などを得る。「利益を━」㊁【揚げる】 ❶空中にとばす。高くかかげる。「花火を━」「旗を━」⇔おろす。参考高い所への移動に焦点が当たるときは「上げる」とも書く。 ❷陸上に移す。「船荷を━」 ❸声を高く、大きく発する。「歓声を━」 ❹熱した油で調理する。「てんぷらを━」 ❺芸者などを席に呼ぶ。㊂【挙げる】 ❶かぞえたてる。かかげる。「例を━」 ❷全部を一つにまとめる。「全力を━」「全社を挙げて取り組む」 ❸とりおこなう。「式を━」 ❹得る。もうける。「男の子を━」 ❺犯人をつかまえる。 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 上げる │ 5.220.853 │ 78.1% │ │ 挙げる │ 1.034.454 │ 15.5% │ │ 揚げる │ 431.217 │ 6.4% │ │ 騰げる │ 680 │ 0.0% │Meikyo and Oukoku ; add ; [rK] ╰─ーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Just looking at Shinsen's entry for example we can see the same situation as with あがる. I think it'd be reasonable to also split this into three and have 騰げる here as an [rK]. I believe its also a bit easier now that there already exist the three split あがる entries to somewhat model this off of. Are there opposing opinions?
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>騰げる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele>
19.	A 2023-11-19 21:41:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The last two senses aren't auxiliary verbs.
	Diff:	@@ -179 +179 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<pos>&suf;</pos> @@ -186 +186 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<pos>&suf;</pos>
18.	A 2020-01-17 15:26:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
17.	A* 2020-01-17 12:02:29
	Diff:	@@ -71,0 +72 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
16.	A 2020-01-17 04:38:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I'm swapping it with sense 7. It has 78 example sentences and sense 7 has none. (Avoids reindexing sentences.)
	Diff:	@@ -68 +68 @@ -<stagk>揚げる</stagk> +<stagk>上げる</stagk> @@ -71,2 +71,2 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>to summon (for geishas, etc.)</gloss> +<misc>&pol;</misc> +<gloss>to give</gloss> @@ -135 +135 @@ -<stagk>上げる</stagk> +<stagk>揚げる</stagk> @@ -138,2 +138,2 @@ -<misc>&pol;</misc> -<gloss>to give</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to summon (for geishas, etc.)</gloss>
15.	A* 2020-01-16 22:03:10 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Sense 18 should probably be higher given how common it is.
14.	A 2018-06-13 16:14:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr
	Diff:	@@ -134,0 +135 @@ +<stagk>上げる</stagk> @@ -140,0 +142 @@ +<stagk>上げる</stagk>
13.	A 2015-10-17 23:34:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
12.	A* 2015-10-17 15:38:34 luce
	Comments:	I noticed Rene left senses 25, 26 as suf instead of aux-v many other verbs which attach to the masu stem are tagged aux-v though.
	Diff:	@@ -176 +176 @@ -<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&aux-v;</pos> @@ -183 +183 @@ -<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&aux-v;</pos>
11.	A 2014-05-09 08:26:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	oops.
10.	A* 2014-05-09 05:36:44 Kim Ahlström <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Moved the (uk) comment on sense 7 to be an actual [uk] tag.
	Diff:	@@ -71 +71,2 @@ -<gloss>(uk) to summon (for geishas, etc.)</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>to summon (for geishas, etc.)</gloss>
9.	A 2012-11-15 04:50:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Fair enough.
	Diff:	@@ -88,1 +88,1 @@ -<gloss>to develop (a talent or skill)</gloss> +<gloss>to develop (talent, skill)</gloss>
8.	A* 2012-11-14 05:33:13 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	daijs: "いちだんと望ましい状態にする。「男ぶりを―・げる」「腕を―・げる」"
	Comments:	moving it to sense 10: "to increase (price, quality, status, etc.)"
	Diff:	@@ -88,0 +88,2 @@ +<gloss>to develop (a talent or skill)</gloss> +<gloss>to improve</gloss> @@ -187,5 +189,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&v1;</pos> -<pos>&vt;</pos> -<gloss>to develop (a talent or skill)</gloss> -</sense>
7.	A* 2012-11-14 01:55:30 winnie <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I added the additional meaning "to develop (a talent or skill)" after running across this usage in a book: "料理の腕前をあげる" (the book is a translation of an English novel, which I also have, and the original text is "to develop her cooking skills")
	Diff:	@@ -187,0 +187,5 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to develop (a talent or skill)</gloss> +</sense>
6.	A 2011-12-23 00:58:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2011-12-19 09:13:08 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	1) ->real notes 2) change PoS from aux-v to suf where appropriate
	Diff:	@@ -81,1 +81,2 @@ -<gloss>to enrol (one's child in school) (enroll)</gloss> +<gloss>to enrol (one's child in school)</gloss> +<gloss>to enroll</gloss> @@ -165,0 +166,1 @@ +<pos>&v1;</pos> @@ -167,1 +169,2 @@ -<gloss>(after the -te form of a verb) to do for (the sake of someone else)</gloss> +<s_inf>after the -te form of a verb</s_inf> +<gloss>to do for (the sake of someone else)</gloss> @@ -170,1 +173,2 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&v1;</pos> @@ -172,1 +176,2 @@ -<gloss>(after the -masu stem of a verb) to complete</gloss> +<s_inf>after the -masu stem of a verb</s_inf> +<gloss>to complete ...</gloss> @@ -175,1 +180,2 @@ -<pos>&aux-v;</pos> +<pos>&suf;</pos> +<pos>&v1;</pos> @@ -178,1 +184,2 @@ -<gloss>used after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility</gloss> +<s_inf>after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility</s_inf> +<gloss>to humbly do ...</gloss>
4.	A 2010-08-24 17:04:20 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2010-08-24 14:46:34 Paul Blay <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	x-ref change
	Diff:	@@ -34,1 +34,1 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2210610">手を挙げる・1</xref>
2.	A 2010-08-24 12:32:28 Paul Blay <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Just an x-ref.
	Diff:	@@ -92,0 +92,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1876110">声を上げる</xref>
1.	A 2010-05-23 03:26:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -35,51 +35,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・2</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・3</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・4</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・5</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・6</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・7</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・8</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・9</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・10</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・11</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・12</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・13</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・14</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・15</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・16</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・17</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・18</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・19</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・20</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・21</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・22</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・23</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・24</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・25</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・26</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・2</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・3</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・4</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・5</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・6</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・7</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・8</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・9</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・10</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・11</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・12</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・13</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・14</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・15</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・16</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・17</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・18</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・19</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・20</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・21</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・22</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・23</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・24</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・25</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1352290">挙がる・26</xref> @@ -226,1 +175,1 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1362950">申し上げる</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1362950">申し上げる・2</xref>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1399650 Active (id: 2338290)
探し当てる；捜し当てる；探しあてる [sK]
【さがしあてる】

1.

[v1,vt]
▶ to find (after searching everywhere)
▶ to locate
▶ to discover

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2025-05-03 04:21:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
5.	A* 2025-05-02 18:24:50
	Refs:	daijirin, meikyo
	Comments:	I don't think "find out" or "detect" work
	Diff:	@@ -20 +20,2 @@ -<gloss>to find out</gloss> +<gloss>to find (after searching everywhere)</gloss> +<gloss>to locate</gloss> @@ -22,2 +22,0 @@ -<gloss>to locate</gloss> -<gloss>to detect</gloss>
4.	A 2025-04-16 07:33:59 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	wisdom
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<gloss>to locate</gloss>
3.	A 2025-04-15 11:33:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-04-14 09:15:10 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	探し当てる　 30,772 80.8% 探しあてる　 4,449 11.7% - sK 捜し当てる　 2,119 5.6% さがしあてる 727 1.9%
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>探しあてる</keb> +<keb>捜し当てる</keb> @@ -11 +11,2 @@ -<keb>捜し当てる</keb> +<keb>探しあてる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2018-12-03 08:26:10 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	g ng 探し当てる 30772 捜し当てる 2119 さがし当てる 105 探しあてる 4449 捜しあてる 277
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>捜し当てる</keb> +<keb>探し当てる</keb> @@ -8 +8,4 @@ -<keb>探し当てる</keb> +<keb>探しあてる</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>捜し当てる</keb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1471150 Active (id: 2336873)
派生 [ichi1,news2,nf46]
【はせい [ichi1,news2,nf46] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ derivation

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2025-04-15 11:54:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The JEs, Reverso, etc. just have derivation. I think it's OK as it is.
2.	A* 2025-04-14 15:41:57 Marcus Aseth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	派生する　usage in Elden Ring: https://i.imgur.com/cL01elj.jpeg
	Comments:	Here I'm not 100% sure changes are needed (might be my english not good enough...), so I'm simply bringing this up to more qualified minds. In the reference image above its used like so: "強攻撃で走り込む突きに派生する" The meaning I'm getting from 派生する in that sentence is something like "transitions into", "develops into", "leads into", "branches into". But with the currently given meaning of "derivation" would be "derives into", and I've only ever seen that used as "derives from" rather than "into", so I'm not sure the usage in the reference image is being covered by this entry.
1.	A 2021-11-18 01:24:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1472770 Active (id: 2336801)
背伸び [news2,nf38] ；背延び [rK] ；背のび [sK]
【せのび [news2,nf38] ；せいのび】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ standing on tiptoe and stretching one's back to make oneself taller ▶ stretching oneself
2.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ overreaching oneself ▶ overstretching oneself ▶ trying to do something beyond one's ability ▶ pushing to the limit

Conjugations

History:

12.	A 2025-04-14 08:27:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
11.	A* 2025-04-14 05:59:04 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	背伸び　 342,501 97.0% 背のび　 5,322 1.5% - sK 背延び　 133 0.0% せのび　 5,018 1.4% せいのび 190 0.1%
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10,2 @@ -<keb>背のび</keb> +<keb>背延び</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -13,2 +14,2 @@ -<keb>背延び</keb> -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<keb>背のび</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
10.	A 2022-08-02 02:06:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5: straightening 「up [one's back]; stretching. tippy toeing 1144 tippy toe 3069
	Comments:	A key aspect of this term is the stretching, and that gloss really didn't reflect that or contribute to the overall explanation. I don't think it added anything useful.
9.	A* 2022-08-02 00:54:26 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Very common in AmE. Definitely informal but I wouldn't call it children's slang.
8.	A* 2022-08-02 00:49:59 hiroto42 <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Tippy toe is in webster - https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tippy-toe
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A 2022-08-01 02:33:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 (has せいのび)
	Comments:	"tippy toeing" sounds like children's slang. Needed?
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>せいのび</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -27 +29,0 @@ -<gloss>tippy toeing</gloss>
6.	A* 2022-08-01 02:27:51 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 背伸び │ 342,501 │ 97.0% │ │ 背のび │ 5,322 │ 1.5% │ │ 背延び │ 133 │ 0.0% │ 🡠 rK (daijs) │ せのび │ 5,018 │ 1.4% │ ╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
5.	A* 2022-08-01 01:43:51 hiroto42 <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26 @@ +<gloss>tippy toeing</gloss>
4.	A 2022-01-15 08:02:06 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	mk
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -28,0 +30 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
3.	A 2018-07-18 14:02:20 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams
	Comments:	reordering
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10 @@ -<keb>背延び</keb> +<keb>背のび</keb> @@ -13 +13 @@ -<keb>背のび</keb> +<keb>背延び</keb>
2.	A 2010-11-10 23:58:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -24,1 +24,1 @@ -<gloss>stretch oneself</gloss> +<gloss>stretching oneself</gloss> @@ -29,2 +29,2 @@ -<gloss>overreach oneself</gloss> -<gloss>overstretch oneself</gloss> +<gloss>overreaching oneself</gloss> +<gloss>overstretching oneself</gloss>
1.	A* 2010-11-10 19:05:28 Scott
	Refs:	daijs daijr koj gg5
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,6 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>背延び</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>背のび</keb> @@ -17,1 +23,1 @@ -<gloss>standing on tiptoe</gloss> +<gloss>standing on tiptoe and stretching one's back to make oneself taller</gloss> @@ -19,0 +25,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> @@ -20,0 +30,3 @@ +<gloss>overstretch oneself</gloss> +<gloss>trying to do something beyond one's ability</gloss> +<gloss>pushing to the limit</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1555540 Active (id: 2336764)
燐灰石；リン灰石
【りんかいせき】

1.

[n] {geology}
▶ apatite

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2864896 アパタイト 1. apatite

History:

4.	A 2025-04-14 01:47:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Quiet. Closing.
3.	A* 2025-04-06 11:43:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	燐灰石 2276 82.2% リン灰石 380 13.7% りんかいせき 113 4.1% リンかいせき 0 0.0%
	Diff:	@@ -12,5 +11,0 @@ -<re_restr>燐灰石</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>リンかいせき</reb> -<re_restr>リン灰石</re_restr> @@ -19,0 +15 @@ +<field>&geol;</field>
2.	A 2020-08-16 12:21:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2020-08-16 06:00:56 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams 燐灰石 2276 リン灰石 380
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>リン灰石</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,5 @@ +<re_restr>燐灰石</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>リンかいせき</reb> +<re_restr>リン灰石</re_restr>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1585060 Active (id: 2353757)
雷 [ichi1,news1,nf11]
【かみなり [ichi1,news1,nf11] 】

1.

[n]
▶ lightning
▶ thunder
▶ thunderbolt

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2683660 雷霆【らいてい】 1. thunder
	⇐ see: 1659970 サンダー 1. thunder
	⇐ see: 2868304 雷【いかずち】 1. lightning; thunder; thunderbolt
	⇐ see: 2868307 雷【らい】 1. thunder; lightning

2.

[n]
▶ god of thunder
▶ god of lightning

3.

[n]
▶ anger
▶ fit of anger

History:

16.	A 2025-12-07 05:16:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
15.	A* 2025-12-06 21:40:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think らい should be split out too.
	Diff:	@@ -16,4 +15,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>らい</reb> -<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf> -</r_ele> @@ -27 +22,0 @@ -<stagr>かみなり</stagr> @@ -33 +27,0 @@ -<stagr>かみなり</stagr>
14.	A 2025-12-06 20:02:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
13.	A* 2025-12-06 15:23:24 parfait8
	Refs:	sankoku:〔雅〕 smk: 〔雅〕 iwakoku: 雅語的
	Comments:	i think it should be split
	Diff:	@@ -17,4 +16,0 @@ -<reb>いかずち</reb> -<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> @@ -23,4 +18,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>いかづち</reb> -<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
12.	A 2025-04-14 01:12:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Most JEs only have かみなり but GG5 has all 3. Daijisen too.
	Comments:	I think いかづち can be hidden.
	Diff:	@@ -21,2 +21,2 @@ -<reb>いかづち</reb> -<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf> +<reb>らい</reb> +<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf> @@ -25 +25,2 @@ -<reb>らい</reb> +<reb>いかづち</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
(show/hide 11 older log entries)
11.	A* 2025-04-13 09:46:10 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Sankoku, Smk and Meikyo2 have [poet] ReikaiGakushuu and GendaiRK have "「かみなり」の古い言い方。" Meikyo3 and Shinsen have 古風/古語 Wiktionary says "archaic"
	Comments:	Is いかづち [ok]? Maybe いかず（づ）ち could be split out? Not sure if it's needed though
10.	A* 2025-04-13 00:27:46
	Comments:	native informer
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf>
9.	A 2012-09-30 11:23:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2012-09-27 22:20:10 Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, prog, 新和英中辞典, Luminous, nc
	Comments:	Prog separates sense 1 into 3 senses.
	Diff:	@@ -28,0 +28,1 @@ +<gloss>lightning</gloss> @@ -29,0 +30,1 @@ +<gloss>thunderbolt</gloss>
7.	A 2012-09-05 23:34:53 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	restrictions are needed. otherwise this should be split
	Diff:	@@ -31,0 +31,1 @@ +<stagr>かみなり</stagr> @@ -36,0 +37,1 @@ +<stagr>かみなり</stagr>
6.	A* 2012-09-03 06:50:31 Marcus
	Refs:	研究社新和英中辞典, daijs, daijr
	Diff:	@@ -30,0 +30,10 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>god of thunder</gloss> +<gloss>god of lightning</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>anger</gloss> +<gloss>fit of anger</gloss> +</sense>
5.	A 2012-02-17 22:09:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2012-02-17 20:55:15 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	いかづち was pre-wwii kana for いかずち. i think the original [ok] should have been there, not on いかずち
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +21,1 @@ +<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
3.	A 2011-03-08 21:14:51 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	oops
2.	A* 2011-03-08 21:13:48 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-03-08 11:18:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijirin, Koj, GG5, etc.
	Comments:	It seems いかずち is the form in all the dictionaries. らい is in Daij, Koj & GG5.
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,0 @@ -<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf> @@ -22,0 +21,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>らい</reb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1589170 Active (id: 2336750)
推し量る [news2,nf31] ；推し測る；推量る [sK] ；推測る [sK] ；推しはかる [sK] ；推し計る [sK]
【おしはかる [news2,nf31] 】

1.

[v5r,vt]
▶ to guess
▶ to conjecture
▶ to surmise

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2025-04-14 01:12:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2025-04-13 06:20:30 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	推し量る　 34,547 85.8% 推し測る　 2,428 6.0% 推量る　　 122 0.3% - sK 推測る　　 0 0.0% - sK 推しはかる 1,695 4.2% 推し計る　 147 0.4% おしはかる 1,344 3.3%
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -16,0 +18 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5.	A 2022-11-15 01:36:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2022-11-15 01:07:02 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 推し量る　 │ 34,547 │ 85.8% │ │ 推し測る　 │ 2,428 │ 6.0% │ │ 推しはかる │ 1,695 │ 4.2% │ 🡠 sK (rare mazegaki) │ 推し計る　 │ 147 │ 0.4% │ 🡠 sK (irregular kanji; no refs) │ 推量る　　 │ 122 │ 0.3% │ 🡠 (in daijr/s) │ 推測る　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ 🡠 (in daijr/s) │ おしはかる │ 1,344 │ 3.3% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -13,6 +12,0 @@ -<keb>推しはかる</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>推し計る</keb> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> @@ -22,0 +17,8 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>推しはかる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>推し計る</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3.	A 2018-07-05 12:15:26 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>推しはかる</keb>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A 2010-12-10 21:23:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Yes, it was on the wrong one.
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,2 @@ +<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri> +<ke_pri>nf31</ke_pri> @@ -12,2 +14,0 @@ -<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>nf31</ke_pri>
1.	A* 2010-12-10 08:43:31 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij
	Comments:	any chance the [news2,nf31] tags should be on a different headword? on the internet and in dictionaries, 推し計る is virtually non-existent
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +4,6 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>推し量る</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>推し測る</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -10,1 +16,1 @@ -<keb>推し測る</keb> +<keb>推量る</keb> @@ -13,1 +19,1 @@ -<keb>推し量る</keb> +<keb>推測る</keb>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1610900 Active (id: 2336751)
惚ける [ichi1] ；恍ける
【とぼける [ichi1] 】

1.

[v1,vi] [uk]
▶ to play dumb
▶ to feign ignorance
▶ to play innocent
▶ to have a blank facial expression

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2833343 素っ惚ける【すっとぼける】 1. to feign ignorance; to pretend one doesn't know

2.

[v1,vi] [uk]
▶ to play the fool

3.

[v1,vi] [uk,obs]
▶ to be in one's dotage

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2025-04-14 01:13:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-04-13 15:39:35
	Refs:	daijisen
	Diff:	@@ -33,0 +34 @@ +<misc>&obs;</misc>
2.	A 2015-01-13 08:16:02 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2015-01-08 10:23:37
	Comments:	likely to be read as ぼける otherwise
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -25,0 +27 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -30,0 +33 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1640630 Active (id: 2336752)
食わず嫌い [news2,nf33] ；喰わず嫌い [sK] ；食わずぎらい [sK] ；食わず嫌 [sK]
【くわずぎらい [news2,nf33] 】

1.	[exp,n,vs,adj-na] ▶ disliking a certain food without having tried it
2.	[exp,n,vs,adj-na] ▶ disliking something without having tried it ▶ being prejudiced against ▶ having an instinctive aversion to

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2025-04-14 01:16:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	食/喰 doesn't really have a general approach.
4.	A* 2025-04-13 09:37:18 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 食わず嫌い　　 │ 283.245 │ 92.8% │ │ 食わず嫌いな　 │ 10.307 │ 3.4% │sankoku has [adj-na] │ 喰わず嫌い　　 │ 6.277 │ 2.1% │GendaiRK only ; add ; [sK] │ 食わず嫌いして │ 4.994 │ 1.6% │iwakoku has [vs,vi] │ 食わず嫌いする │ 558 │ 0.2% │ ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ Sankoku, Saito, Meikyo, GendaiSK, ReikaiGakushuu, Shinsen and Iwakoku have at least a [名] tag Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 食わず嫌い │ 283.245 │ 99.8% │ │ 食わず嫌　 │ 448 │ 0.2% │Smk; add; [sK] │ 食ず嫌い　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │Smk; / │ 食ず嫌　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │Smk; / ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Is there a specific way of handling 食-喰 here? Or just hide it if not common enough/not enough refs?
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@ +<keb>喰わず嫌い</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -10,0 +15,4 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>食わず嫌</keb> @@ -19,0 +28,3 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos> @@ -23,0 +35,3 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
3.	A* 2025-04-13 06:28:34 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	食わず嫌い　 283,245 99.5% 食わずぎらい 1,132 0.4% - sK くわずぎらい 415 0.1%
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2017-08-19 07:34:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-08-17 21:01:08 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Comments:	Splitting.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20,3 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -21,2 +24,2 @@ -<gloss>prejudiced against</gloss> -<gloss>aversion without even trying</gloss> +<gloss>being prejudiced against</gloss> +<gloss>having an instinctive aversion to</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1649000 Active (id: 2336753)
腹芸
【はらげい】

1.	[n] ▶ (an actor) conveying qualities of a character without gestures or speech ▶ implied acting ▶ psychological performance
2.	[n] ▶ implicitly asserting one's will (e.g. by sheer force of personality)
3.	[n] ▶ performance using one's stomach (e.g. by drawing a face on it and animating it using one's abdominal muscles) ▶ acrobatics performed on a laid-out person's belly

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 01:19:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-13 13:27:12 Sombrero1
	Refs:	First sense: Sankoku: ①〘芝居〙役者がせりふ・動作以外の、思い入れなどで気持ちをあらわすこと。 GG5: 1 〔役者の〕... Prog: 1 〔演劇〕a psychological performance Saito: 〈名〉Psychological performance; implied acting Most refs have a tag similar to "芝居で" By this the kokugos (+prog and GG5) derive a second sense: ②転じて、直接的な言葉や行動によらず、度胸や経験で物事を処理すること。「―にたけた政治家」 Jisho forum user pointed this sense out via a native informer: GG5 etc. : 3 〔曲芸師の〕 drawing a face or other picture on one's stomach and animating it by flexing the abdominal muscles. Some refs also have a fourth sense like this: E.g. Smk: ㊂あおむけに寝た人の腹の上に乗って行なう曲芸。 I think that one can very well go into the third one
	Comments:	Could maybe have an [acting] or a [theathre] tag
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,12 @@ -<gloss>expressing oneself without words or gestures</gloss> -<gloss>force of personality</gloss> +<gloss>(an actor) conveying qualities of a character without gestures or speech</gloss> +<gloss>implied acting</gloss> +<gloss>psychological performance</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>implicitly asserting one's will (e.g. by sheer force of personality)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>performance using one's stomach (e.g. by drawing a face on it and animating it using one's abdominal muscles)</gloss> +<gloss>acrobatics performed on a laid-out person's belly</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 1764190 Active (id: 2336869)
成体
【せいたい】

1.

[n] {biology}
▶ adult

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 2836998 幼体 1. immature form (of an organism); young animal

History:

4.	A 2025-04-15 11:41:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-04-14 08:54:36 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	sankoku
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2836998">幼体</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2836998">幼体</xref>
2.	A 2024-03-15 04:53:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2024-03-14 21:33:20 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr
	Comments:	"imago" is specifically an adult insect (成虫). I don't think it's needed as a gloss here.
	Diff:	@@ -12,3 +12,2 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>adult organism</gloss> -<gloss>imago</gloss> +<field>&biol;</field> +<gloss>adult</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2034450 Active (id: 2336763)
我が子；わが子
【わがこ】

1.

[exp,n]
▶ one's own child
▶ one's own children

History:

7.	A 2025-04-14 01:46:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. Let's leave it like that.
6.	A* 2025-04-06 15:02:12 Sombrero1
	Comments:	I think you could go either way here, [exp,n] is probably fine. Weblio古語 and Taishukan古語 don't have an entry for it, while they do for e.g. 我が身 which we have as [n] and which is also tagged as such by Sankoku
5.	A* 2025-04-03 02:02:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It probably is. We have 我が as an adj-pn. Daijisen says of 我が "［連体］《代名詞「わ」に格助詞「が」の付いた語から》". I guess we could just treat it as a compound.
4.	A* 2025-04-03 00:41:02 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Is exp really correct for わが- expressions? Luce added them to a bunch (all?) of these entries in 2015
3.	A 2015-10-15 03:02:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2015-10-14 07:31:41 luce
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos>
1.	A 2005-03-05 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2170860 Active (id: 2336754)
事故にあう；事故に遭う；事故に会う [sK]
【じこにあう】

1.

[exp,v5u]
▶ to have an accident
▶ to meet with an accident

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2025-04-14 01:20:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2025-04-13 02:52:28
	Refs:	事故にあう 16896 32.3% 事故に遭う 32881 62.8% 事故に会う 2570 4.9% 事故にあった 69438 57.8% 事故に遭った 49051 40.9% 事故に会った 1551 1.3%
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>事故に会う</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3.	A 2015-09-23 01:33:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	"to meet with an accident" 339k Google hits.
	Comments:	No it's OK, just a bit formal and old-fashioned.
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>to meet with an accident</gloss>
2.	A* 2015-09-22 15:15:10 luce
	Comments:	I think this is engrish
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<gloss>to meet with an accident</gloss>
1.	A 2007-05-30 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2185750 Active (id: 2336796)

プルコギ；ブルコギ [sk] ；ブルゴギ [sk] ；プルゴギ [sk] ；ブルゴキ [sk]

1.

[n] {food, cooking} Source lang: kor
▶ bulgogi (Korean dish of grilled beef)

History:

5.	A 2025-04-14 08:09:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2025-04-14 06:48:49
	Refs:	プルコキ 165 22.4% ブルコキ 0 0.0% ブルゴキ 425 57.7% プルゴキ 147 19.9%
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,4 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ブルゴキ</reb>
3.	A 2024-04-05 07:12:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2024-04-04 23:11:36 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	プルコギ 115248 95.1% ブルコギ 3280 2.7% ブルゴギ 1574 1.3% プルゴギ 1111 0.9%
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,12 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ブルコギ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ブルゴギ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>プルゴギ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> @@ -8,0 +21 @@ +<field>&food;</field>
1.	A 2007-08-15 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2488310 Active (id: 2336755)

レッセフェールレッセパッセ；レッセフェール・レッセパッセ

1.

[exp] [quote] Source lang: fre
《from a maxim by Vincent de Gournay》
▶ laissez-faire, laissez-passer
▶ let do and let pass

History:

11.	A 2025-04-14 01:21:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10.	A* 2025-04-13 11:42:22
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>レッセフェール・レッセパッセ</reb>
9.	A 2019-12-30 23:02:55 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2019-12-30 22:49:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr: "一八世紀にフランスの重農主義者が唱えた，重商主義的な統制を排除しようとする主張。レセフェール。"
	Comments:	Based on daijr's definition, I'd go with quote here. I don't think it's a proverb in Japanese.
7.	A* 2019-12-30 13:46:31 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think maxims and proverbs are essentially the same, and both should be tagged as [proverb].
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A* 2019-12-30 10:53:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laissez-faire
	Comments:	It's a maxim, not really a proverb. I think it's better the way it was.
	Diff:	@@ -10,2 +10 @@ -<misc>&proverb;</misc> -<s_inf>from a quote by Vincent de Gournay</s_inf> +<s_inf>from a maxim by Vincent de Gournay</s_inf>
5.	A* 2019-12-30 03:49:18 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<misc>&proverb;</misc>
4.	A 2019-03-10 02:57:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
3.	A* 2019-03-09 22:09:34 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	レッセフェールレッセパッセ No matches but in daijr. https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/laissez-faire https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laissez-faire
	Comments:	Something like this, maybe?
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,2 @@ +<misc>&quote;</misc> +<s_inf>from a quote by Vincent de Gournay</s_inf> @@ -10,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>let do and let pass</gloss>
2.	A* 2019-03-09 22:01:25 Adrien Jalabert
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10 @@ -<gloss>laissez faire, laissez passer</gloss> +<gloss>laissez-faire, laissez-passer</gloss>
1.	A 2009-07-17 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2808940 Active (id: 2336908)
貰える
【もらえる】

1.

[v1] [uk]
▶ to be able to receive
▶ to be able to take
▶ to be able to accept

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1535910 貰う 1. to receive; to take; to accept
	⇐ see: 1628260 頂ける【いただける】 1. to be able to receive; to be able to take; to be able to accept

2.

[v1,aux-v] [uk]
《after the -te form of a verb as もらえないか, もらえますか, etc.》
▶ could you (give me)
▶ would you
▶ can you

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2025-04-15 20:54:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&v1;</pos> @@ -20 +20,0 @@ -<pos>&v1;</pos>
5.	A* 2025-04-14 21:18:47 Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	tag auxiliary form.
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&aux-v;</pos>
4.	A 2015-08-27 00:55:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2015-08-26 09:48:08 luce
	Refs:	n-grams 貰える 31689 もらえる 231055 て貰える 9413 てもらえる 143944
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
2.	A 2014-02-20 04:07:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Goi Taikei has it.
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2014-02-19 09:45:54 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo, eij examples

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2831146 Active (id: 2336875)

ラビゴットソース；ラヴィゴットソース；ラビゴット・ソース；ラヴィゴット・ソース

1.

[n] {food, cooking}
▶ ravigote sauce
▶ sauce ravigote

History:

6.	A 2025-04-15 12:02:04 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2025-04-14 14:10:49
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,6 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ラビゴット・ソース</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ラヴィゴット・ソース</reb>
4.	A 2019-06-02 01:21:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr
	Comments:	The English can go either way. "sauce ravigote" is obviously from French.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="eng">ravigote sauce</lsource> +<field>&food;</field> +<gloss>ravigote sauce</gloss>
3.	A* 2019-06-01 17:58:10 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<lsource xml:lang="eng">ravigote sauce</lsource>
2.	A 2017-01-16 15:00:16 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: ラビゴットソース 1814 ラヴィゴットソース 1049
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2017-01-16 06:30:05 Scott
	Refs:	wiki

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2836998 Active (id: 2336868)
幼体
【ようたい】

1.

[n] {biology}
▶ immature form (of an organism)
▶ young animal

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1764190 成体 1. adult

History:

4.	A 2025-04-15 11:41:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-04-14 08:53:49 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	sankoku
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1764190">成体</xref> +<field>&biol;</field>
2.	A 2018-11-05 20:04:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-11-05 16:29:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 31964 https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/幼体
	Comments:	I have no dictionary source for this but it gets plenty of hits.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2840469 Active (id: 2336802)
至らぬ点；いたらぬ点 [sK]
【いたらぬてん】

1.

[exp,n] [hum]
▶ shortcoming
▶ fault
▶ flaw
▶ imperfection

History:

4.	A 2025-04-14 08:29:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<misc>&pol;</misc> +<misc>&hum;</misc>
3.	A* 2025-04-14 07:11:59 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	hum rather than polite? I'm sensing it probably wouldn't be polite to refer to another person's shortcomings with this word
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2019-06-24 23:05:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	いたらぬ点 2109
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>いたらぬ点</keb> @@ -12,0 +16 @@ +<misc>&pol;</misc>
1.	A* 2019-06-24 21:38:14 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	2 examples in gg5 (none for 至らない点) 至らぬ点 33872 至らない点 71392 至らぬところ 6692 至らないところ 19336 至らぬ 62563 至らない 331259
	Comments:	Worth having in addition to 至らぬ?

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2848312 Active (id: 2336756)

あちい；あっちい；あちぃ [sk] ；あっちぃ [sk]

1.

[adj-i] [col]
▶ hot

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2025-04-14 01:25:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	あちい 11686 23.8% あっちい 6604 13.4% あちぃ 19135 38.9% あっちぃ 11706 23.8%
	Comments:	Not sure they should be hidden.
3.	A* 2025-04-13 00:44:38
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,8 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>あちぃ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>あっちぃ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
2.	A 2021-02-17 04:07:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic has あっちい and あちい as variants of あつい/熱い/暑い.
1.	A* 2021-02-17 03:21:56 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	http://boujien.awa.jp/Guide/item.htm?iid=18 http://magicant.txt-nifty.com/main/2009/03/post-3a58.html 例えば砕けた口語では熱い (あつい) が熱い (あちい) になったり、怖い (こわい) が怖え (こええ) になったりすることがある。 https://jnetline.com/words/1558/ ｢あちいー｣トラック降りて｢あちいー｣荷台の上で｢あちいー｣トラック乗って｢あちいー｣ “暑い“てか“熱い“とりあえず夏バテせんよう、マイペースで頑張っか! https://www.weblio.jp/content/あっちい A Study of the Child Language Acquisition: On the Use of One-Word Utterances among three Japanese Children https://kougei.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=805&item_no=1&attribute_id=21&file_no=1　(PDF) P. 64 "例えば、「あっちい（熱い）」の反対は「冷たい」であるが、「冷たい」という言葉はまだ言うことができない。また、「ばっちい（汚い）」は言えるが、「きれい」は言うことができない。その代わり、「おっちい（大きい）」「ちっちい（小さい）」「たっち（立つ）」というように、韻を踏む単語を次々と獲得していくのである。" あっちいー 121 あちいー 184
	Comments:	can be either col, dialectal, and/or chn. col seems safest. this is used both for 熱い and 暑い

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864144 Active (id: 2336780)
原因ウイルス；原因ウィルス [sK]
【げんいんウイルス】

1.

[n] {medicine}
▶ causal virus
▶ causative virus

History:

4.	A 2025-04-14 02:45:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-04-09 12:58:50
	Refs:	原因ウイルス 7843 91.6% 原因ウィルス 716 8.4%
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>原因ウィルス</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2025-01-17 06:56:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Reverso
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>causal virus</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-01-16 15:19:00
	Refs:	eij 原因ウイルス 7843

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864572 Active (id: 2338249)
挙がる；挙る [sK]
【あがる】

1.

[v5r,vi]
▶ to turn up (of evidence, etc.)
▶ to become known

2.

[v5r,vi]
▶ to be arrested
▶ to be caught (of a criminal)

3.

[v5r,vi]
▶ to be moved to a higher position (of a body part)
▶ to be raised (e.g. of a hand to ask a question)

4.

[v5r,vi]
▶ to be shown
▶ to be openly displayed
▶ to be given (e.g. of an example)
▶ to be listed (as a candidate)

5.

[v5r,vi]
▶ to arise vigorously (e.g. of voices in excitement)
▶ to become excited
▶ to be in uproar (e.g. of a crowd)

Cross references:
	⇔ see: 1352290 上がる 23. to arise vigorously (e.g. of voices in excitement); to become excited; to be in uproar (e.g. of a crowd)

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2025-05-02 07:54:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2025-04-14 16:27:17
	Diff:	@@ -29 +29 @@ -<gloss>to be moved to a higher position (of a bodypart)</gloss> +<gloss>to be moved to a higher position (of a body part)</gloss>
7.	A 2025-03-15 23:29:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Xref went missing.
	Diff:	@@ -42,0 +43 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1352290">上がる・23</xref>
6.	A* 2025-03-12 10:34:16 Sombrero1
	Refs:	I think the former sense five was meant to be a unique one, I see I also didn't add it to 上がる. GendaiSK has it as a unique sense of 挙がる:［質問したり意思を表したりするために、手が］上のほうに伸びる。 It also has the second and fourth sense, which are intended to be uniuque as well. Just the fifth is also in the 上がる entry.
	Comments:	Applying xrefs to 上がる now, it's just one.
	Diff:	@@ -28,0 +29,6 @@ +<gloss>to be moved to a higher position (of a bodypart)</gloss> +<gloss>to be raised (e.g. of a hand to ask a question)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -36,0 +43,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1352290">上がる・23</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1352290">上がる・23</xref> @@ -40,6 +47,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&v5r;</pos> -<pos>&vi;</pos> -<gloss>to be moved to a higher position (of a bodypart; e.g. one's fist in rage)</gloss> -<gloss>to be raised (of a bodypart)</gloss>
5.	A* 2025-03-11 00:42:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A 2025-03-11 00:42:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Temporary approval. See comments on 1352290.
3.	A* 2025-03-06 20:31:28 Sombrero1
	Comments:	typo sorry
	Diff:	@@ -44,2 +44 @@ -<gloss>to be moved to a higher position (of a bodypart/</gloss> -<gloss>e.g. one's fist in rage)</gloss> +<gloss>to be moved to a higher position (of a bodypart; e.g. one's fist in rage)</gloss>
2.	A* 2025-03-06 16:52:10 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Meikyo:〔上・挙〕体の一部分が高い位置に移る。 Meikyo:〔上・挙〕感動の声や意気込みなどが勢いよく起こる。わき上がる。 Other than that I didn't really see more senses that applied to this and 上がる.
	Comments:	. Second update to all three of the あがる entries. I'll leave it at that for now to see how it is received and for further improvement. I've left out any xrefs among the new entries for now, since it would probably get very messy with so many unresolved xrefs. But in general, would the indentical senses xref each other?
	Diff:	@@ -33,0 +34,14 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to arise vigorously (e.g. of voices in excitement)</gloss> +<gloss>to become excited</gloss> +<gloss>to be in uproar (e.g. of a crowd)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to be moved to a higher position (of a bodypart/</gloss> +<gloss>e.g. one's fist in rage)</gloss> +<gloss>to be raised (of a bodypart)</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A* 2025-03-03 09:08:03 Sombrero1 <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Prog: 1 〔示される〕 • 実例が挙がっていないので，この説明は分かりにくい ...no examples were given... • 彼が有罪だという証拠が挙がった ...found evidence/evidence turned up... 2 〔検挙される〕 Sankoku: ①〔質問などのため、手が〕上にのびる。「ひとつも手が挙がらない」 ② しめされる。「実例が━」 ③〔犯人が〕つかまる。 ④ あらわれる。「名が━」 Meikyo: 1 to be clearly displayed or prominently shown (of a name, matter etc.) 2 to be arrested Daijr: ㋒犯人がつかまる。また、証拠が発見される。《挙》㋓候補者としてその名がとりざたされる。また、一覧表に名が掲載される。《挙》 Oukoku: ㊃人に知れるようになる。［挙］ Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 挙がる │ 80.983 │ 98.2% │ │ 挙る　 │ 1.463 │ 1.8% │[sK] ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	This is a first draft. I've begun with gathering the senses attributed as unique to this kanji form. I'd suggest those to be first, and then followed by those that apply to this form and the standard 上がる, accompanied by an xref to the main entry. I thought this could maybe be done incrementally, with this being the first step. Since I believe those senses to be the ones that are actually unique to this kanji form, the next step could then be to start figuring out which senses should go in both entries. That's why I'm submitting this for now, so a clear distinction can be made.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864859 Active (id: 2336762)
交渉のカード
【こうしょうのカード】

1.

[exp,n]
▶ bargaining chip
▶ negotiating card

History:

3.	A 2025-04-14 01:44:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Quiet
2.	A* 2025-04-03 03:10:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	GT suggested "negotiating card" for 交渉のカード. Worth including?
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>negotiating card</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-03 00:46:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20250403/k10014768241000.html 各国の政府関係者、金融市場関係者の間ではトランプ大統領にとって関税は“交渉のカード”で、実際には踏み込まないという“期待”もありました。交渉のカード 1265 72.6% 交渉の切り札 477 27.4% eij
	Comments:	Worth having for reverse lookups, if nothing else?

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864908 Active (id: 2336864)

ミックスサンドイッチ；ミックス・サンドイッチ

1.

[n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "mix sandwich"
▶ assorted sandwiches

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2268200 ミックスサンド 1. assorted sandwiches

History:

5.	A 2025-04-15 11:36:30 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<lsource xml:lang="eng">mix sandwich</lsource> +<lsource ls_wasei="y">mix sandwich</lsource>
4.	A 2025-04-15 11:29:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-04-15 07:06:42
	Comments:	more common
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2268200">ミックスサンド</xref>
2.	A 2025-04-14 08:12:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ミックス・サンドイッチ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12 @@ +<lsource xml:lang="eng">mix sandwich</lsource>
1.	A* 2025-04-06 22:36:33
	Refs:	https://recipe.rakuten.co.jp/recipe/1410016543/

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864920 Active (id: 2336772)
ＡＰ
【エー・ピー；エーピー [sk] 】

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ access point
▶ AP

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1985710 アクセスポイント 1. access point

2.

[n] {computing}
▶ application program
▶ application software

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1018220 アプリケーションプログラム 1. application program; application software

3.

[n]
▶ American plan
▶ AP

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1018870 アメリカンプラン 1. American plan

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 02:22:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-08 11:30:01
	Refs:	アクセスポイント koj, daij 通知払い koj, daij ← 謎アプリケーションプログラム daij アメリカンプラン daij https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/AP

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864933 Active (id: 2336768)
療育手帳
【りょういくてちょう】

1.

[n]
▶ intellectual disability certificate

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 01:53:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ルミナス
1.	A* 2025-04-09 12:43:52
	Refs:	daiks nikk

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864934 Active (id: 2336871)
精神障害者保健福祉手帳
【せいしんしょうがいしゃほけんふくしてちょう】

1.

[n]
▶ mental disability certificate
▶ mental disability handbook

History:

4.	A 2025-04-15 11:44:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I initially made it one sense but it seemed odd.
	Diff:	@@ -13,3 +12,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos>
3.	A* 2025-04-15 00:48:49
	Refs:	https://www.bing.com/images/search?q="精神障害者保健福祉手帳"
	Comments:	I feel pretty certain this is ONE specific thing, not two. The entry should just have one sense. It's a certificate in the form of what could be called a small notebook. This is common for all the various 手帳's.
2.	A 2025-04-14 01:59:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	手帳 can be both.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>mental disability handbook</gloss> +</sense>
1.	A* 2025-04-09 12:45:31
	Refs:	daijr

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864935 Active (id: 2336781)
生活保護受給世帯
【せいかつほごじゅきゅうせたい】

1.

[n]
▶ household receiving livelihood protection benefits
▶ welfare-dependent household

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 02:51:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-09 12:47:20
	Refs:	生活保護受給世帯 2698 saw on website of city-operated parking lot (they get discounts)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864936 Active (id: 2336767)
自動二輪
【じどうにりん】

1.

[n]
▶ motorcycle (with a displacement of 50cc or more)
▶ motorbike

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 01:51:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5,ルミナス
1.	A* 2025-04-09 12:51:05
	Refs:	自動二輪　 147932 75.6% 自動二輪車 47658 24.4%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864940 Active (id: 2336773)
ＯＤＭ
【オー・ディー・エム；オーディーエム [sk] 】

1.

[n]
▶ original design manufacturing
▶ original design manufacturer
▶ ODM

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 02:24:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-09 13:09:44
	Refs:	daij, wiki

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864941 Active (id: 2336777)
公園課
【こうえんか】

1.

[n]
▶ parks section (e.g. of a city administration)
▶ parks division

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 02:39:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>parks section</gloss> +<gloss>parks section (e.g. of a city administration)</gloss> @@ -14,2 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>park board</gloss> -<gloss>department of parks and recreation</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-09 13:11:49
	Refs:	gg5 公園課 11051

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864947 Active (id: 2336778)
土壌肥沃度
【どじょうひよくど】

1.

[n]
▶ soil fertility

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 02:41:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	土壌肥沃度 2726 LSD
1.	A* 2025-04-09 22:16:33
	Refs:	英辞郎１０３; 研究社リーダーズ＋プラスＶ２

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864957 Active (id: 2336774)
ガス消毒
【ガスしょうどく】

1.

[n]
▶ gas deratization
▶ extermination of rats using gas

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 02:28:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ガス消毒 306
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>deratization</gloss> +<gloss>gas deratization</gloss> +<gloss>extermination of rats using gas</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-10 19:04:37
	Refs:	ＣＤ－科学技術４５万語対訳辞典英和・和英

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864959 Active (id: 2336775)
ガス発生器
【ガスはっせいき】

1.

[n]
▶ gas generator

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 02:32:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ガス発生器 2209
	Comments:	Rather A+B.
1.	A* 2025-04-10 19:07:06
	Refs:	和英自動車用語集－ｂｙＫ．Ｔｏｍｉｔａ．（１６０００項目); 英辞郎１０３

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864980 Active (id: 2336786)

クリプトジャッキング

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ cryptojacking (unauthorized mining of cryptocurrency)

History:

3.	A 2025-04-14 06:04:02 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cryptojacking
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10 @@ -<gloss>cryptojacking</gloss> +<gloss>cryptojacking (unauthorized mining of cryptocurrency)</gloss>
2.	A 2025-04-14 01:27:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Newish.
1.	A* 2025-04-13 03:10:34
	Refs:	daijs, wiki

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864982 Active (id: 2336758)
ドント式
【ドントしき】

1.

[n] {politics}
▶ d'Hondt method (apportionment method for allocating seats in parliament)

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 01:29:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>D'Hondt method (apportionment method for allocating seats in parliament)</gloss> +<gloss>d'Hondt method (apportionment method for allocating seats in parliament)</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-13 11:20:42
	Refs:	gg5, daijr, nikk ドント方式 2278 45.1% ドント式 2774 54.9%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864985 Active (id: 2336860)

ビリンバウ

1.

[n] {music}
▶ berimbau (traditional Brazilian stringed instrument)

History:

3.	A 2025-04-15 11:31:54 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr
	Comments:	BrazilIan -> Brazilian
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10 @@ -<gloss>berimbau (traditional BrazilIan stringed instrument)</gloss> +<gloss>berimbau (traditional Brazilian stringed instrument)</gloss>
2.	A 2025-04-14 08:20:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ビリンバウ 8555 KOD, RP
	Diff:	@@ -9,2 +9,2 @@ -<gloss>berimbau</gloss> -<gloss>traditional stringed instrument from Brazil</gloss> +<field>&music;</field> +<gloss>berimbau (traditional BrazilIan stringed instrument)</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-13 22:21:18
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ビリンバウ

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864986 Active (id: 2336760)
著増
【ちょぞう】

1.

[n,vs,vi] [form]
▶ sharp rise
▶ increasing considerably
▶ growing conspicuously

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 01:31:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	KOD
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>sharp rise</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-13 22:43:37 parfait8
	Refs:	sankoku, daijr/s, smk, shinkoku, etc.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864987 Active (id: 2336866)
ＯＯＴＤ
【オー・オー・ティー・ディー；オーオーティーディー [sk] 】

1.

[n] [col]
▶ outfit of the day
▶ OOTD

History:

3.	A 2025-04-15 11:39:02 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Usually in the form of a hashtag and lowercased, but I do see some standalone usage.
2.	A 2025-04-14 08:36:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Jitsuyo
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 01:32:57
	Refs:	millions of Japanese tweets

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864988 Active (id: 2336779)
変則勤務
【へんそくきんむ】

1.

[n]
▶ irregular work (hours)
▶ shift work

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 02:45:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Rather AB, but reasonably common.
1.	A* 2025-04-14 02:04:27 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q11174773391 https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/5654/
	Comments:	変則勤務 8986

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864989 Active (id: 2336787)
生活保護受給者
【せいかつほごじゅきゅうしゃ】

1.

[n]
▶ welfare recipient
▶ person on welfare

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 06:26:54 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 02:54:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	生活保護受給者 20800 KOD

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864990 Active (id: 2336788)

パテントトロール；パテント・トロール

1.

[n]
▶ patent troll

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 06:29:06 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	KOD
1.	A* 2025-04-14 03:21:55
	Refs:	daij パテントトロール 539 57.7% パテント・トロール 395 42.3%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864991 Deleted (id: 2337372)
インターナショナル料理
【インターナショナルりょうり】

1.

[n]
▶ international cuisine
▶ global cuisine

History:

4.	D 2025-04-22 00:46:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
3.	D* 2025-04-21 13:09:47 Sombrero1
	Comments:	Don't think so, very literal A+B
2.	A* 2025-04-18 06:34:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	インターナショナル 945260 料理 72205639
	Comments:	Rather obvious A+B. Needed? Useful?
1.	A* 2025-04-14 03:44:14
	Refs:	インターナショナル料理 2031 saw on restaurant's website

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864992 Active (id: 2336805)
カルルス泉塩
【カルルスせんえん】

1.

[n]
▶ Karlsbad salt

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 08:48:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijisen
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>karlsbad salt</gloss> +<gloss>Karlsbad salt</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 07:45:49
	Refs:	NEW斎藤和英大辞典

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864993 Active (id: 2336874)
戦槌；戦鎚
【せんつい】

1.

[n]
▶ war hammer
▶ pole hammer

History:

3.	A 2025-04-15 11:57:03 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	戦鎚 1,183 <- jawiki
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>戦鎚</keb>
2.	A 2025-04-14 08:40:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	戦槌 2103 RP
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>pole hammer</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 07:49:33 Marcus Aseth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Wikipedia source: https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ウォーハンマー Also found it used in this weapon description in Elden Ring: https://i.imgur.com/DFpe93s.jpeg And in this Magic the Gathering card: https://i.imgur.com/JQaN4UC.jpeg

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864994 Active (id: 2336854)

ディケード；デケード [sk]

1.

[n]
▶ decade

History:

2.	A 2025-04-15 11:27:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 09:26:43
	Refs:	ディケード 1362 94.6% daij デケード 78 5.4% gg5, daijs

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864995 Active (id: 2336859)

ビデオパッケージ；ビデオ・パッケージ

1.

[n] Source lang: eng(wasei) "video package"
▶ packaged video

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2864996 ＶＰ【ブイ・ピー】 3. packaged video

History:

2.	A 2025-04-15 11:31:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 10:19:29
	Refs:	gg5, daij ビデオパッケージ 5114 93.5% ビデオ・パッケージ 355 6.5%

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864996 Active (id: 2336858)
ＶＰ
【ブイ・ピー；ブイピー [sk] 】

1.

[n]
▶ vice president
▶ VP

2.

[n] {grammar}
▶ verb phrase
▶ verbal phrase
▶ VP

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2413950 動詞句 1. verb phrase; verbal phrase

3.

[n]
▶ packaged video

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2864995 ビデオパッケージ 1. packaged video

History:

2.	A 2025-04-15 11:31:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 10:19:57
	Refs:	koj, daijs

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864997 Active (id: 2350979)

クォート；クオート；クウォート [sk]

1.

[n]
▶ quote

History:

5.	A 2025-11-08 22:33:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Dropping クォウト.
	Diff:	@@ -12,4 +11,0 @@ -<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>クォウト</reb>
4.	A 2025-11-08 19:49:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	クオート 4311 6.1% クォート 64436 91.3% クウォート 1819 2.6% クォウト 0 0.0%
	Comments:	Most references prefer クオート.
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<reb>クオート</reb> +<reb>クォート</reb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>クォート</reb> +<reb>クオート</reb>
3.	A* 2025-11-08 07:39:44
	Refs:	クオート 4311 6.1% クォート 64436 91.3% クウォート 1819 2.6% クオウト 0 0.0% クォウト 0 0.0% クウォウト 0 0.0%
	Comments:	merge
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,8 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>クウォート</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>クォウト</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
2.	A 2025-04-15 11:17:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 12:23:30
	Comments:	split from 1043720

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864998 Active (id: 2336845)

クオート；クォート

1.

[n]
▶ quarto

History:

2.	A 2025-04-15 11:18:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 12:23:33
	Comments:	split from 1043720

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2864999 Active (id: 2336842)
積み石；積石
【つみいし】

1.	[n] ▶ piled stones ▶ stacked stones
2.	[n] ▶ foundation stone ▶ cornerstone

History:

2.	A 2025-04-15 11:16:04 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	smk; luminous; gg5 積み石 2,777 52.0% 積石　 2,560 48.0%
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>積み石</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -17,0 +21 @@ +<gloss>cornerstone</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 15:16:11 Marcus Aseth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijisen. Used in a weapon description in Elden Ring: https://i.imgur.com/sUnUZho.jpeg

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmdict 2865000 Active (id: 2336852)
机上版
【きじょうばん】

1.

[n]
▶ desk-sized edition (of a dictionary)
▶ desk dictionary

History:

2.	A 2025-04-15 11:26:01 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 19:03:21 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 机上版 │ 2.992 │100.0% │ ╰─ーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ GG5:〔辞典などの〕 a ┏desk [desk-size(d)] edition Prog, Luminous, DailyConsise: desk dictionary
	Comments:	Saw on taishukan website

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5747261 Active (id: 2336776)
フランス復古王政
【フランスふっこおうせい】

1.

[ev]
▶ Bourbon restoration (France, 1814)

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 02:36:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	フランス復古王政 175
	Diff:	@@ -11,3 +11,2 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<misc>&hist;</misc> -<gloss>Bourbon Restoration (France)</gloss> +<misc>&ev;</misc> +<gloss>Bourbon restoration (France, 1814)</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-06 05:41:14 matsugase <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/フランス復古王政

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

jmnedict 5747264 Active (id: 2336789)
ＡＰ
【エーピー [spec1] ；エー・ピー】

1.

[company]
▶ Associated Press
▶ AP

History:

2.	A 2025-04-14 06:34:01 Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>AP</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-04-14 02:06:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml

2.	A 2025-04-15 11:17:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Fixed sentence indices.
1.	A* 2025-04-14 12:23:27
	Comments:	split
	Diff:	@@ -15,8 +14,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>quote</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>quarto</gloss> -</sense>

JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

Entries