JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1088430 Active (id: 2334625)

ドメスティックサイエンス；ドメスティック・サイエンス

1.

[n]
▶ domestic science

History:

3.	A 2025-03-18 03:57:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-03-17 23:57:59
	Refs:	ドメスチックサイエンス 0 0.0% ドメスチック・サイエンス 0 0.0% ドメスティックサイエンス 0 0.0% gg5, daijr ドメスティック・サイエンス 0 0.0%
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<reb>ドメスチックサイエンス</reb> +<reb>ドメスティックサイエンス</reb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>ドメスチック・サイエンス</reb> +<reb>ドメスティック・サイエンス</reb>
1.	A 2013-05-11 09:28:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ドメスチック・サイエンス</reb>

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jmdict 1093440 Active (id: 2334664)
ＮＯＴＡＭ
【ノータム】

1.

[n] {aviation}
▶ notice to airmen
▶ NOTAM

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 20:11:55 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5: 〘空〙
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&aviat;</field>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 16:31:26
	Refs:	gg5, koj, daij
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>ＮＯＴＡＭ</keb> +</k_ele>

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jmdict 1099780 Active (id: 2334661)

バリケード [gai1] ；バリケイド [sk]

1.

[n]
▶ barricade

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 20:11:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 12:17:58
	Refs:	バリケード 85908 99.5% バリケイド 462 0.5%
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>

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jmdict 1107580 Active (id: 2334657)

ファームウェア；ファームウエア

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ firmware

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 20:09:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 10:52:56
	Refs:	ファームウェア 368856 91.9% ファームウエア 32446 8.1% ファアームウエア 0 0.0% ファアームウェア 0 0.0%
	Diff:	@@ -10,3 +9,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>ファアームウエア</reb> -</r_ele>

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jmdict 1116080 Active (id: 2334663)

プレファレンス；プリファレンス

1.

[n]
▶ preference

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 20:11:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 12:07:57
	Refs:	プリファレンス 9619 12.7% プレファレンス 66083 87.3% daijr
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>プレファレンス</reb> +</r_ele>

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jmdict 1116910 Active (id: 2334659)

プレハブ [gai1] ；プレファブ [sk]

1.

[n,adj-no]
▶ prefab
▶ prefabrication
▶ prefabricated building

History:

4.	A 2025-03-18 20:10:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-03-18 12:08:41
	Refs:	プレハブ 191507 98.4% プレファブ 3156 1.6%
	Comments:	merge
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>プレファブ</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
2.	A 2018-09-21 22:58:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-09-21 18:17:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, daij
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11,3 @@ -<gloss>prefab (usu. prefabricated house)</gloss> +<gloss>prefab</gloss> +<gloss>prefabrication</gloss> +<gloss>prefabricated building</gloss>

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jmdict 1122320 Deleted (id: 2334685)

ホストコンピューター；ホスト・コンピューター

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ host computer

History:

3.	D 2025-03-19 02:52:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	D* 2025-03-18 23:28:59
	Refs:	ホストコンピュータ 28546 67.8% ホスト・コンピュータ 2641 6.3% ホストコンピューター 10157 24.1% ホスト・コンピューター 732 1.7%
	Comments:	merge
1.	A 2013-05-11 11:00:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ホスト・コンピューター</reb>

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jmdict 1395600 Active (id: 2352089)
全席
【ぜんせき】

1.

[n]
▶ all seats

History:

6.	A 2025-11-17 10:54:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2025-11-16 23:36:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Although this usually appears at the start of compounds, I don't think it's functioning as a prefix.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<pos>&n-pref;</pos>
4.	A 2025-03-18 22:51:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Interesting.
3.	A* 2025-03-18 20:48:55 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 全席　　 │ 265.588 │ 66.3% │ │ 全席指定 │ 50.363 │ 12.6% │ │ 全席禁煙 │ 49.337 │ 12.3% │ │ 全席自由 │ 22.530 │ 5.6% │ │ 満漢全席 │ 10.193 │ 2.5% │We have this, different case. Just here for numbers │ 全席の　 │ 2.756 │ 0.7% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ https://massif.la/ja/search?q=全席
	Comments:	"all tickets" isn't a valid gloss for this. "All seats" is probably the only accurate gloss for this. Also often used as [n-pref] as indicated by the GG5 examples. Prog also has 全席指定. Maybe some of these compounds are worth having. I'm going to propose entries for the two more common ones.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>all tickets</gloss> +<pos>&n-pref;</pos>
2.	A 2025-03-18 20:14:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2025-03-18 17:05:21
	Refs:	https://www.reverso.net/text-translation#sl=jpn&tl=eng&text=%E5%85%A8%E5%B8%AD
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>all seats</gloss>

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jmdict 1463700 Active (id: 2334620)
肉料理
【にくりょうり】

1.

[n]
▶ meat dish
▶ meat-based cuisine

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 02:55:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Not sure "focus" works that well here.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>meat-focused cuisine</gloss> +<gloss>meat-based cuisine</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 02:47:28
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>meat-focused cuisine</gloss>

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jmdict 1493160 Active (id: 2334638)
不真面目；不まじめ [sK] ；不マジメ [sK]
【ふまじめ】

1.

[adj-na,n]
▶ not serious
▶ frivolous
▶ insincere
▶ unsteady

History:

5.	A 2025-03-18 10:08:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2025-03-18 09:13:30 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	不真面目 133,216 67.3% 不まじめ 2,373 1.2% -sK 不マジメ 973 0.5% -sK ふまじめ 61,349 31.0%
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -11,0 +13 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -15,6 +16,0 @@ -<re_restr>不真面目</re_restr> -<re_restr>不まじめ</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ふマジメ</reb> -<re_restr>不マジメ</re_restr>
3.	A 2017-12-23 01:04:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2017-12-22 11:43:34 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5 koj daijs G n-grams 不真面目 133216 不まじめ 2373 不マジメ 973 ------- 不真面目な 57162 不真面目が 908
	Comments:	not yoji
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,6 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>不まじめ</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>不マジメ</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -8,0 +15,6 @@ +<re_restr>不真面目</re_restr> +<re_restr>不まじめ</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ふマジメ</reb> +<re_restr>不マジメ</re_restr> @@ -13,3 +25,4 @@ -<misc>&yoji;</misc> -<gloss>unsteadiness</gloss> -<gloss>lack of sincerity</gloss> +<gloss>not serious</gloss> +<gloss>frivolous</gloss> +<gloss>insincere</gloss> +<gloss>unsteady</gloss>
1.	A 2014-08-25 02:46:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Kanji Haitani list
	Comments:	Adding yoji tagAdding yoji tag -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<misc>&yoji;</misc>

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jmdict 1591240 Active (id: 2334667)
傷つく [spec1] ；傷付く [ichi2,news2,nf39] ；疵付く [rK] ；疵つく [sK]
【きずつく [spec1,ichi2,news2,nf39] 】

1.	[v5k,vi] ▶ to be wounded ▶ to get injured
2.	[v5k,vi] ▶ to get hurt feelings
3.	[v5k,vi] ▶ to get damaged ▶ to get chipped ▶ to get scratched

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2025-03-18 20:13:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-03-18 10:32:50 GM <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	傷つく　 394,894 90.4% 傷付く　 39,711 9.1% 疵つく　 74 0.0% -sK 疵付く　 85 0.0% -rK (daijs) きずつく 1,983 0.5%
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15,2 @@ -<keb>疵つく</keb> +<keb>疵付く</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -18 +19,2 @@ -<keb>疵付く</keb> +<keb>疵つく</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2017-04-30 03:51:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2017-04-29 14:22:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, daijr/s
	Comments:	Tidy-up
	Diff:	@@ -28,0 +29 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -33,0 +35 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -38,3 +40,4 @@ -<gloss>to chip</gloss> -<gloss>to scratch</gloss> -<gloss>to damage</gloss> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>to get damaged</gloss> +<gloss>to get chipped</gloss> +<gloss>to get scratched</gloss>

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jmdict 1844370 Active (id: 2334666)
風貌 [news2,nf41] ；風丰 [rK] ；風ぼう [sK]
【ふうぼう [news2,nf41] 】

1.

[n]
▶ (a person's) appearance
▶ looks

History:

6.	A 2025-03-18 20:12:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2025-03-18 18:27:04
	Refs:	daijs
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24 @@ +<gloss>(a person's) appearance</gloss> @@ -25 +25,0 @@ -<gloss>appearance</gloss>
4.	A 2022-08-18 21:30:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2022-08-18 20:03:33 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding [sK] to 風ぼう (Rare mazegaki; jōyō)
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10,2 @@ -<keb>風ぼう</keb> +<keb>風丰</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -13,2 +14,2 @@ -<keb>風丰</keb> -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +<keb>風ぼう</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2022-06-10 05:41:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2022-06-09 18:32:24 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts \| 風貌　　 \| 315,051 \| 98.0% \| \| 風ぼう　 \| 4,125 \| 1.3% \| \| 風ボウ　 \| 37 \| 0.0% \| \| 風丰　　 \| 0 \| 0.0% \| <- daijr/s, nikk, meikyo, shinmeikai (in a note), oukoku \| ふうぼう \| 2,150 \| 0.7% \| \| 風貌に似合わ　 \| 1,893 \| 98.6% \| \| 風ぼうに似合わ \| 27 \| 1.4% \|
	Comments:	貌 is jōyō, but 風ぼう seems somewhat significant. Could conceivably be confused with 風防
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,7 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>風ぼう</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>風丰</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 2309430 Active (id: 2334656)

テンポラリファイル；テンポラリーファイル；テンポラリ・ファイル；テンポラリー・ファイル

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ temporary file

History:

4.	A 2025-03-18 20:08:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-03-18 16:38:29
	Refs:	テンポラリファイル 10830 77.1% テンポラリ・ファイル 559 4.0% テンポラリーファイル 2445 17.4% gg5, daij テンポラリー・ファイル 204 1.5%
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>テンポラリーファイル</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>テンポラリー・ファイル</reb>
2.	A 2013-05-11 09:09:24 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>テンポラリ・ファイル</reb>
1.	A 2008-05-24 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2330040 Active (id: 2334684)

ホストコンピュータ；ホストコンピューター；ホスト・コンピュータ；ホスト・コンピューター

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ host computer

History:

4.	A 2025-03-19 02:51:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-03-18 23:29:25
	Refs:	ホストコンピュータ 28546 67.8% ホスト・コンピュータ 2641 6.3% ホストコンピューター 10157 24.1% ホスト・コンピューター 732 1.7%
	Comments:	merge
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>ホストコンピューター</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ホスト・コンピューター</reb>
2.	A 2013-05-11 11:00:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ホスト・コンピュータ</reb>
1.	A 2008-05-24 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2493470 Deleted (id: 2334660)

プレファブ

1.

[n]
▶ prefab

History:

3.	D 2025-03-18 20:10:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	D* 2025-03-18 12:08:23
	Refs:	プレハブ 191507 98.4% プレファブ 3156 1.6%
	Comments:	merge
1.	A 2009-07-17 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2608560 Active (id: 2334665)

ジャパニーズボブテイル；ジャパニーズ・ボブテイル；ジャパニーズボブテール [sk]

1.

[n]
▶ Japanese bobtail (cat breed)

History:

5.	A 2025-03-18 20:12:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2025-03-18 16:10:25
	Refs:	ジャパニーズボブテイル 2837 78.9% ジャパニーズ・ボブテイル 493 13.7% ジャパニーズボブテール 227 6.3% daijs ジャパニーズ・ボブテール 40 1.1%
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ジャパニーズボブテール</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
3.	A 2024-09-12 14:08:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Japanese bobtail (breed of cat)</gloss> +<gloss>Japanese bobtail (cat breed)</gloss>
2.	A 2011-01-16 00:04:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-01-15 18:08:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, wiki

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jmdict 2635880 Active (id: 2334837)
高砂
【たかさご；タカサゴ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ double-lined fusilier (Pterocaesio digramma)

2.

[n]
▶ Taiwan (nickname)

3.

[n]
▶ Takasago (classic noh play by Zeami)

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2799860 高砂の尉と姥【たかさごのじょうとうば】 1. (Japanese) Darby and Joan
	⇐ see: 2799850 高砂台【たかさごだい】 1. (Japanese) Darby and Joan dolls
	⇐ see: 2799840 高砂の松【たかさごのまつ】 1. long marriage; twin pines at Takasago

4.

[n] [col]
▶ main table (at a wedding celebration)

History:

10.	A 2025-03-21 07:08:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2025-03-19 00:29:35
	Diff:	@@ -30 +30 @@ -<gloss>main table at a wedding celebration</gloss> +<gloss>main table (at a wedding celebration)</gloss>
8.	A* 2025-03-18 23:08:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://zexy.net/contents/yogo/details.php?name=高砂
	Comments:	From deleted 2864711.
	Diff:	@@ -25,0 +26,5 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<gloss>main table at a wedding celebration</gloss>
7.	A 2013-09-16 16:51:58 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2013-09-16 03:22:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A 2013-09-16 03:22:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Approving to fix xref, then reopening.
4.	A* 2013-09-16 03:12:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5
	Comments:	Proposing sense 3 in particular because there are a couple of useful phrases based on it.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,8 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>Taiwan (nickname)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>Takasago (classic noh play by Zeami)</gloss> +</sense>
3.	A 2011-05-18 22:23:20 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -16,1 +16,2 @@ -<gloss>Pterocaesio digramma</gloss> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<gloss>double-lined fusilier (Pterocaesio digramma)</gloss>
2.	A* 2011-05-18 20:57:05 Scott
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>たかさご</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -9,0 +12,1 @@ +<re_nokanji/>
1.	A* 2011-05-18 20:48:38 Scott
	Refs:	wiki

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jmdict 2720650 Active (id: 2334912)
上掛け；上掛；上がけ [sK] ；上かけ [sK]
【うわがけ；うわかけ [sk] 】

1.

[n]
▶ quilt
▶ bedspread
▶ bedcover

2.

[n]
▶ cover (for a kotatsu quilt)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1194360 炬燵 1. kotatsu; table over an electric heater, with a hanging quilt to retain heat (orig. over a charcoal brazier in a floor well)

3.

[n]
▶ cloak
▶ smock

History:

13.	A 2025-03-22 05:36:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK. Let's do that.
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -25 +25,0 @@ -<stagr>うわがけ</stagr> @@ -32 +31,0 @@ -<stagr>うわがけ</stagr> @@ -38 +36,0 @@ -<stagr>うわがけ</stagr> @@ -42,7 +39,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="1974120">下染め</xref> -<gloss>second dyeing</gloss> -<gloss>topping</gloss> -<gloss>overlay</gloss>
12.	A* 2025-03-19 19:06:53 Sombrero
	Refs:	Odd, I only see うわかけ in kojien and with only the fourth sense.
	Comments:	Maybe split "上掛け[うわがけ・うわかけ]: second dyeing; topping; overlay" into its own entry and keep 上かけ and うわかけ as hidden forms? It's a bit messy though, but this way the restrictions can be be dropped and in those cases where うわかけ is used for the first three senses the user still finds his target.
11.	A* 2025-03-19 09:31:38
	Diff:	@@ -23,2 +22,0 @@ -<re_restr>上掛け</re_restr> -<re_restr>上掛</re_restr>
10.	A* 2025-03-19 00:31:17
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,5 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>上かけ</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
9.	A* 2025-03-18 17:58:51
	Comments:	I'm not entirely sure sense 1/2 is read うわがけ only I ran into "ベッドの上かけ" and was about to dismiss it as a typo but then I searched online for "上かけを" and found a number of hits, such as: 顔色を変えた夫が、がばっと上かけを剥ぐと立ち上がって、夜着のまま声をあげた。明け方に目を覚ますとちょっと寒い。トイレに行った後に足元にあった上かけを引っ張り出して上にかけた。
(show/hide 8 older log entries)
8.	A 2012-06-05 00:11:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2012-06-04 22:39:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	reopening
6.	A 2012-06-04 22:38:46 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	approving for xref
5.	A* 2012-06-04 22:37:38 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	-yes. and since 'overalls' was admittedly an unsupported translation, i'm removing it in favour of gg5's version. -also, as 'topping' is clearly being used here in opposition to 'bottoming' (下染め), i'm adding that to the 'second dyeing' sense. -also, spec. that it is the cover of the kotatsu quilt, not the quilt that covers the kotatsu
	Diff:	@@ -27,3 +27,0 @@ -<gloss>cover</gloss> -<gloss>cloak</gloss> -<gloss>smock</gloss> @@ -35,1 +32,1 @@ -<gloss>kotatsu cover</gloss> +<gloss>cover (for a kotatsu quilt)</gloss> @@ -40,7 +37,2 @@ -<gloss>overlay</gloss> -<gloss>topping</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<stagr>うわがけ</stagr> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>overalls</gloss> +<gloss>cloak</gloss> +<gloss>smock</gloss> @@ -50,3 +42,3 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1974120">下染</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1974120">下染</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1974120">下染</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1974120">下染め</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1974120">下染め</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1974120">下染め</xref> @@ -54,0 +46,2 @@ +<gloss>topping</gloss> +<gloss>overlay</gloss>
4.	A* 2012-06-03 14:42:00 Marcus
	Comments:	Shouldn't cloak and smock be with overalls?
3.	A 2012-06-03 02:31:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Maybe "cloak;smock" need a separate sense.
	Diff:	@@ -28,0 +28,2 @@ +<gloss>cloak</gloss> +<gloss>smock</gloss> @@ -49,1 +51,1 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1974120">下染め</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1974120">下染</xref>
2.	A* 2012-06-02 14:54:43 Marcus
	Refs:	daijs, daijr 研究社新和英中辞典, 日英・英日専門用語辞書, JST, 機械工学英和和英辞典, eij, etc.
	Comments:	also あがりがけ (nikkoku) but the meaning is different. dunno if "overalls" is the best translation for the 2nd sense, tried to find something on Google images to get a better picture but I mostly just got pictures of kotatsu covers. most wa-eis list "topping"/"overlay", don't quite get whether that's a technical sense separate from quilt/kotatsu cover meaning or not (some google images were of some mechanical procedure) but I put them in a separate sense.
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>上掛</keb> @@ -13,0 +16,30 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>うわかけ</reb> +<re_restr>上掛け</re_restr> +<re_restr>上掛</re_restr> +</r_ele> +<sense> +<stagr>うわがけ</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>quilt</gloss> +<gloss>bedspread</gloss> +<gloss>bedcover</gloss> +<gloss>cover</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>うわがけ</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1194360">炬燵</xref> +<gloss>kotatsu cover</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>うわがけ</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>overlay</gloss> +<gloss>topping</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<stagr>うわがけ</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>overalls</gloss> +</sense> @@ -15,1 +48,2 @@ -<gloss>topping</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1974120">下染</xref> +<gloss>second dyeing</gloss>
1.	A* 2012-06-02 13:08:32 Francis
	Comments:	This was in the text which I was reading and it related to something belonging to a tent. Searching your site for some more info I came across the following [perhaps a + b]:- 上掛け水車【うわがけすいしゃ】 (n) overshot water wheel That did not fit, except perhaps for the "overshot". Your [A] ref gave "topping" [used for above entry] which was more possible, but not wholly in line with context. I then came across "上掛【うわがけ】 smock; cover; quilt; comforter; WI1" which seemed the more likely. Maybe, the meaning should include this more defined aspect. You also have the following entries which could perhaps be deleted if you did promote:- 上掛【うわがけ】 (?) ???; RH 上掛け水車【うわがけすいしゃ】 overshot wheel; RW However, as to the last above, I think you stated once that it was a classification on its own, often duplicating the main entry.

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jmdict 2838086 Active (id: 2334637)
多要素認証
【たようそにんしょう】

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ multi-factor authentication
▶ MFA

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2864713 ＭＦＡ【エム・エフ・エー】 1. multi-factor authentication; MFA

History:

3.	A 2025-03-18 10:07:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>MFA</gloss>
2.	A 2019-02-11 01:11:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ＫＯＤ追加語彙
1.	A* 2019-02-10 00:20:02 Nicolas Maia <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/多要素認証

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jmdict 2864704 Active (id: 2334635)
ＡＸ
【エー・エックス；エーエックス [sk] 】

1.

[n]
▶ AI transformation

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2827897 ＤＸ 2. digital transformation

History:

6.	A 2025-03-18 10:05:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2025-03-18 08:24:56
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>エー・エックス</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
4.	A 2025-03-18 02:53:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Indeed.
3.	A* 2025-03-18 02:48:58
	Diff:	@@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>エーアックス</reb> +<reb>エーエックス</reb>
2.	A 2025-03-17 19:50:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2827897">ＤＸ</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2827897">ＤＸ・2</xref>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2025-03-17 08:28:26
	Refs:	https://www.microsoft.com/ja-jp/industry/blog/financial-services/2024/04/17/finsum-2024-event-report/ DX から AX の時代へ。金融機関で生成 AI はどのように活用されるのか https://www.softbank.jp/biz/blog/business/articles/202410/what-is-ax/

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jmdict 2864708 Active (id: 2334626)
貴族主義
【きぞくしゅぎ】

1.

[n]
▶ aristocratism
▶ patricianism
▶ concept that only the nobility is qualified to rule

History:

4.	A 2025-03-18 03:59:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	More a broader description of 貴族主義 than an explanation of aristocratism.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>concept that only the nobility is qualified to rule</gloss>
3.	A* 2025-03-18 02:49:39
	Comments:	these kind of words are not usually explained
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>concept that only the nobility is qualified to rule</gloss>
2.	A 2025-03-17 21:37:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	RP
	Comments:	A bit tighter.
	Diff:	@@ -12,3 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>idea that only nobility is qualified for rulership</gloss> -<gloss>aristocratic supremacism</gloss> -<gloss>aristocracy (as opposed to democracy)</gloss> +<gloss>aristocratism</gloss> +<gloss>patricianism</gloss> +<gloss>concept that only the nobility is qualified to rule</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-03-17 20:23:09 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 貴族主義 │ 4.322 │100.0% │Nikk, Daijs, Daijr, Koj, Pixiv ╰─ーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ Daijs: 少数の特権階級やすぐれた人々だけが政治や文化にかかわる資格があると考える立場。 Pixiv: 貴族主義（英:aristocracy アリストクラシー）とは、思想の1つである。反対語は民主主義（デモクラシー）である。貴族主義を体現する政治体制のことを貴族制という。
	Comments:	Just encountered this, a bit difficult to gloss. Maybe something like this?

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jmdict 2864710 Active (id: 2334619)
さす九
【さすきゅう】

1.

[exp] [sl]
《abbr. of さすが九州》
▶ as expected of Kyūshū (esp. in terms of male chauvinism, etc.)

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1552390 【さすが】 1. as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); just like (someone)

History:

4.	A 2025-03-18 02:54:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2025-03-18 02:50:23
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1552390">流石・さすが・1</xref> -<misc>&col;</misc> +<xref type="see" seq="1552390">さすが・1</xref> +<misc>&sl;</misc> @@ -15 +15 @@ -<gloss>as expected of Kyūshū (male chauvinism, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>as expected of Kyūshū (esp. in terms of male chauvinism, etc.)</gloss>
2.	A* 2025-03-17 22:44:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/deab6ac4b243c0c431199360d8377aebeaab8216
	Comments:	Perhaps this.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,4 @@ -<gloss>word that ridiculously expresses the values of Kyushu which are said to have a strong tendency to male chauvinism</gloss> +<xref type="see" seq="1552390">流石・さすが・1</xref> +<misc>&col;</misc> +<s_inf>abbr. of さすが九州</s_inf> +<gloss>as expected of Kyūshū (male chauvinism, etc.)</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-03-17 21:33:57 solo_han
	Refs:	https://examplesentencemail.com/sasukyu/

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jmdict 2864711 Deleted (id: 2334676)
高砂
【たかさご】

1.

[n]
▶ Head table (on a wedding ceremony)

History:

2.	D 2025-03-18 23:09:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	高砂 is already an entry. I'll propose this as a sense there.
1.	A* 2025-03-18 01:19:32 Dmitry Kasikhin <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://zexy.net/contents/yogo/details.php?name=高砂
	Comments:	I'm working in wedding organization company in Japan and stumbled upon this word. Figured it could be useful to add it here too.

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jmdict 2864712 Active (id: 2334628)
人間拡張
【にんげんかくちょう】

1.

[n]
▶ human augmentation (by AI, IoT, etc.)
▶ HA

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 07:14:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijisen: 人間の知覚能力や身体能力を、人工知能やIoTなどの技術を用いて増強・拡張すること。ヒューマンオーグメンテーション。
	Comments:	Ay first I though it meant adding limbs.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>human augmentation</gloss> +<gloss>human augmentation (by AI, IoT, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>HA</gloss>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 06:43:20
	Refs:	<https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/人間拡張>

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jmdict 2864713 Active (id: 2334636)
ＭＦＡ
【エム・エフ・エー；エムエフエー [sk] 】

1.

[n] {computing}
▶ multi-factor authentication
▶ MFA

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2838086 多要素認証 1. multi-factor authentication; MFA

History:

3.	A 2025-03-18 10:06:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2025-03-18 08:52:34
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 08:43:24
	Refs:	daijs

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jmdict 2864714 Active (id: 2334640)
ハンドル名
【ハンドルめい】

1.

[n] {Internet}
▶ screen name
▶ username
▶ handle

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2112470 ハンドルネーム 1. screen name; username; handle

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 10:09:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 09:51:12
	Refs:	gg5, daijs ハンドル名 139675 13.2% ハンドルネーム 919400 86.8%

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jmdict 2864715 Active (id: 2334658)

ワイルドライフ

1.

[n]
▶ wildlife

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 20:10:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 10:55:12
	Refs:	gg5, daijr ワイルドライフ 15597

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jmdict 2864716 Active (id: 2334673)
全席指定
【ぜんせきしてい】

1.

[exp]
▶ all seats reserved
▶ reserved seats only

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 22:51:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 20:51:13 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 全席指定 │ 50.363 │100.0% │GG5, Prog, Chuujiten ╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Maybe worth having

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jmdict 2864717 Active (id: 2334674)
全席禁煙
【ぜんせききんえん】

1.

[exp]
▶ entirely non-smoking
▶ non-smoking (shop, area, etc.)

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 22:55:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I don't think it's a noun.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 20:57:05 Sombrero1
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 全席禁煙 │ 49.337 │100.0% │GG5 ╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/全席禁煙 https://massif.la/ja/search?q=全席禁煙
	Comments:	Maybe worth having? Not too sure about PoS here

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jmnedict 5026751 Active (id: 2334624)
廣治
【クアンチ】

1.

[place]
▶ Quảng Trị (Vietnam)

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 03:54:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 03:08:58 matsugase <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/クアンチ省
	Diff:	@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>廣治</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -9 +12 @@ -<gloss>Quang-tri (Vietnam)</gloss> +<gloss>Quảng Trị (Vietnam)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5062752 Active (id: 2334623)
バクボ湾；北部湾
【バクボわん】

1.

[place]
▶ Gulf of Tonkin
▶ Vịnh Bắc Bộ

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 03:53:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 03:11:01 matsugase <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/トンキン湾
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>北部湾</keb> @@ -12 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>Bac Bo (Tonkin) Gulf</gloss> +<gloss>Gulf of Tonkin</gloss> +<gloss>Vịnh Bắc Bộ</gloss>

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jmnedict 5191814 Active (id: 2334639)
閑院宮載仁親王
【かんいんのみやことひとしんのう】

1.

[person]
▶ Kotohito, Prince Kan'in (1865.11.10-1945.5.20)

History:

2.	A 2025-03-18 10:09:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 07:19:42 matsugase <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/閑院宮載仁親王
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Kan'innomiya Kotohitoshinnou</gloss> +<gloss>Kotohito, Prince Kan'in (1865.11.10-1945.5.20)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5747254 Active (id: 2335046)

ウィルトンカーペット [spec1] ；ウィルトン・カーペット

1.

[product]
▶ Wilton carpet

History:

3.	A 2025-03-23 05:56:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	RP
	Comments:	Moving
	Diff:	@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@ -<ent_corp type="jmdict">jmdict</ent_corp> -<ent_seq>2457410</ent_seq> +<ent_corp type="jmnedict">jmnedict</ent_corp> @@ -5,0 +5 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> @@ -11 +11 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&product;</misc>
2.	A* 2025-03-18 12:02:39
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ウィルトン・カーペット</reb>
1.	A 2009-06-20 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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If you have questions about, problems using, or suggestions for improving this page, please send email to jimbreen@gmail.com.
JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

2.	A 2025-03-18 20:11:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2025-03-18 12:00:34
	Refs:	サーベイランス 41171 95.4% サーベランス 1980 4.6% daijr
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>サーベランス</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> +</r_ele>

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