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jmdict 1085380 Active (id: 2353673)

トフィータフィートッフィー [sk]
1. [n] {food, cooking}
▶ toffee



History:
5. A 2025-12-06 07:20:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2025-12-06 01:52:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The "toffy" spelling is rare nowadays. Some English dictionaries don't even mention it.
  Diff:
@@ -18 +17,0 @@
-<gloss>toffy</gloss>
3. A 2024-10-10 00:10:44  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
トフィー	4683	25.2%
トッフィー	80	0.4%
タフィー	13790	74.3% but also taffy
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@
+<reb>タフィー</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -11,0 +16 @@
+<field>&food;</field>
2. A 2020-07-20 20:42:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2020-07-20 18:38:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr
G n-grams:
トフィー	        4683
トッフィー	80
  Comments:
Merging in トッフィー from 1085020.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>トッフィー</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12 @@
+<gloss>toffee</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1177390 Active (id: 2353738)
[ichi1,news1,nf14] [sK]
さる [ichi1,news1,nf14] サル (nokanji)
1. [n] [uk]
▶ monkey (esp. the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata)
▶ ape
▶ non-human primate
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1643040 【ニホンザル】 1. Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata)
  ⇐ see: 2198960 猿子【ましこ】 2. monkey
  ⇐ see: 2153110 沐猴【もっこう】 1. monkey
  ⇐ see: 2219640 雄猿【おすざる】 1. male monkey
2. [n] [derog]
▶ sly person
3. [n] [derog]
▶ idiot
▶ hick
4. [n]
▶ sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2413870 桟【さん】 3. sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut)
  ⇐ see: 2221970 枢木【くるるぎ】 1. sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut)
  ⇐ see: 2221960 枢【くるる】 2. sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut)
5. [n]
▶ clasp used to control the height of a pot-hook
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1726090 自在鉤 1. pothook (for hanging a pot, etc. over a fire)
6. [n] [arch]
▶ bathhouse prostitute
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1774230 湯女 2. bathhouse prostitute



History:
7. A 2025-12-06 22:57:45  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Rare 異体字 are hidden.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6. A 2025-12-06 20:43:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2025-12-06 20:18:53  parfait8
  Refs:
daijs: 「猨」は異体字

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 猿  │ 2,327,403 │100.0% │
│ 猨  │       111 │  0.0% │
│ さる │ 2,967,309 │  N/A  │
│ サル │ 2,191,089 │  N/A  │
╰─ーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
4. A 2012-09-12 04:26:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2012-09-12 04:15:18  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
there are far too many restrictions here for these readings to be merged.  split
  Diff:
@@ -21,8 +21,0 @@
-<reb>まし</reb>
-<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>ましら</reb>
-<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -38,1 +30,1 @@
-<gloss>primate (except humans)</gloss>
+<gloss>non-human primate</gloss>
@@ -41,1 +33,0 @@
-<stagr>さる</stagr>
@@ -47,1 +38,0 @@
-<stagr>さる</stagr>
@@ -54,1 +44,0 @@
-<stagr>さる</stagr>
@@ -59,1 +48,0 @@
-<stagr>さる</stagr>
@@ -65,1 +53,0 @@
-<stagr>さる</stagr>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1215170 Active (id: 2353710)
鑑みる鑒みる [rK]
かんがみる
1. [v1,vt,vi]
▶ to take into account
▶ to bear in mind
▶ to consider
▶ to learn from
▶ to take as a lesson

Conjugations


History:
11. A 2025-12-06 20:05:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2025-12-06 16:31:15  Sombrero1
  Comments:
Can totally live with that.
I've also noticed that sankoku uses the tag quite frequently compared to other references.
In this case their 現代新国語辞典 第七版 points out[改まった言い方], so I added it based on those two.
9. A* 2025-12-06 15:50:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
鑑み	216,510		
かんがみ	162,201
  Comments:
I don't think this is [form]. The tag is meant to be for literary or very formal-sounding language, much like〔文〕in meikyo. Sankoku uses〔文〕for any word that is primarily used in written Japanese, which is why it's applied much more widely than meikyo's〔文〕tag.
  Diff:
@@ -18 +17,0 @@
-<misc>&form;</misc>
@@ -23 +22 @@
-<gloss>to take warning from</gloss>
+<gloss>to take as a lesson</gloss>
8. A* 2025-12-06 09:46:32  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ を鑑みる │ 37,129 │ 34.9% │
│ を鑑みて │ 36,192 │ 34.0% │
│ に鑑みて │ 26,973 │ 25.3% │
│ に鑑みる │  6,176 │  5.8% │
╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
Sankoku, Smk, Oukoku, Iwakoku, GendaiSK

Sankoku: 〔「を━」は新しい言い方〕
  Comments:
A user on jisho forum pointed this out.
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
7. A 2025-04-27 11:36:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1216210 Active (id: 2353706)
屋形
やかた
1. [n] [poet]
▶ mansion
▶ palace
▶ manor house
▶ castle
2. [n] [hon,arch]
《usu. as (お)~様》
▶ nobleman
▶ noblewoman
▶ lord
▶ master
▶ dignitary
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2745720 お館様 1. nobleman; noblewoman; lord; master; dignitary
3. (屋形 only) [n] [arch]
▶ cabin (on a boat or carriage)
▶ large roofed area on a boat (resembling a house)
4. (屋形 only) [n] [abbr,hist]
▶ large houseboat (oft. used for tours and pastime activities)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1815820 屋形船 1. houseboat; pleasure boat (large, roofed)
5. [n] [arch]
▶ temporary residence



History:
9. A 2025-12-06 19:53:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2025-12-06 15:44:12 
  Diff:
@@ -46 +46 @@
-<gloss>large houseboat (oft. used for tours and pasttime activites)</gloss>
+<gloss>large houseboat (oft. used for tours and pastime activities)</gloss>
7. A 2025-11-26 09:45:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK, splitting.
  Diff:
@@ -12,8 +11,0 @@
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>たち</reb>
-<re_restr>館</re_restr>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>たて</reb>
-<re_restr>館</re_restr>
6. A* 2025-11-25 14:50:22  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Sankoku for やかた:
①[館]貴族・豪族(ごうぞく)が住んだやしき。
②[館]昔、身分の高い人を尊敬して呼んだ言い方。
「お━(さま)」
③船・車につけた、屋根の形のおおい。
「━車(ぐるま)〔=特に、牛車(ぎっしゃ)〕」
④←屋形船。

Meikyo for やかた:
❶[屋形・館] 貴族・豪族などの屋敷。また、その主人。
❷[屋形] 船の上に設けた屋根のある部屋。

Smk calls the first sense [poet].
Despite Sankoku restricting sense one to only 館, what I saw in the examples was more along the lines of Meikyo's restrictions.
Sticking with those.


BCCWJ:

{館}= 25494
{館[ヤカタ]}=894

{屋形}= 153
{屋形[ヤカタ]}= 153


The majority of examples for sense two I spotted in the BCCWJ were as (お)館・屋形様.
The kokugos's examples align with that.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ お館様   │ 16,608 │ 42.5% │ 
│ 御館様   │  5,868 │ 15.0% │
│ 御屋形様  │  5,092 │ 13.0% │
│ お屋形様  │  4,655 │ 11.9% │
│ お館さま  │  4,580 │ 11.7% │
│ お屋形さま │  1,278 │  3.3% │
│ 御屋形さま │    530 │  1.4% │
│ 御館さま  │    434 │  1.1% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯


Nipponica for 屋形船:
川遊びなどに用いられた屋形(家の形をした覆い)を据え付けた船。楼船ろうせんともいう。古くは平安時代にさかのぼり、貴族の遊山ゆさん用の船、年貢輸送船、商船などに屋形をつけることが多かった。そのなかには舁据かきすえ屋形船とよばれる簡易な屋形もあり、平安以後も用途により絶えることなく続いた。しかし一般に屋形船といえば、江戸時代、花見、納涼、花火、月見の際に大名、豪商などが川面かわもに浮かべた豪華な遊覧船をさす。


Shinsen, daijs, iwakoku for sense 5

.
  Comments:
I think 館:たち・たて should be split out. 
It doesn't work smoothly with the restrictions.
On top of that the senses for やかた don't align all that well with those of たて and たち in the kokugos.
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23 @@
+<misc>&poet;</misc>
@@ -29,0 +31 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2745720">お館様</xref>
@@ -31,0 +34 @@
+<s_inf>usu. as (お)~様</s_inf>
@@ -33,0 +37,2 @@
+<gloss>lord</gloss>
+<gloss>master</gloss>
@@ -37 +42 @@
-<stagr>やかた</stagr>
+<stagk>屋形</stagk>
@@ -40 +45,15 @@
-<gloss>cabin (on a boat, carriage, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>cabin (on a boat or carriage)</gloss>
+<gloss>large roofed area on a boat (resembling a house)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<stagk>屋形</stagk>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1815820">屋形船</xref>
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
+<gloss>large houseboat (oft. used for tours and pasttime activites)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
+<gloss>temporary residence</gloss>
5. A 2025-11-24 22:30:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Those readings are in GG5 and the kokugos. There's no indication that they're archaic.
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 1219430 Active (id: 2353712)
奇想天外 [news2,nf26]
きそうてんがい [news2,nf26]
1. [adj-na,adj-no,n] [yoji]
▶ fantastic
▶ bizarre
▶ incredible
▶ unbelievable
2. [n]
▶ tree tumbo (Welwitschia mirabilis)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2457480 ウェルウィッチア 1. welwitschia



History:
6. A 2025-12-06 20:13:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -25,0 +26 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2457480">ウェルウィッチア</xref>
5. A 2025-12-06 20:11:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Diff:
@@ -26 +26 @@
-<gloss>Welwitschia</gloss>
+<gloss>tree tumbo (Welwitschia mirabilis)</gloss>
4. A* 2025-12-06 19:11:58  Marcus Aseth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
this word is also the name of this plant:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ウェルウィッチア
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23,4 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>Welwitschia</gloss>
3. A 2017-04-09 20:16:10  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2017-04-09 19:19:25  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Comments:
Improved glosses.
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -17 +17,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>fantastic idea</gloss>
+<gloss>fantastic</gloss>
@@ -20,0 +21,2 @@
+<gloss>incredible</gloss>
+<gloss>unbelievable</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1229060 Active (id: 2353704)
救う [ichi1,news1,nf15] 済う [rK] 拯う [sK]
すくう [ichi1,news1,nf15]
1. [v5u,vt]
▶ to rescue (someone)
▶ to save
▶ to help (out of a difficulty)
▶ to relieve (from)
2. [v5u,vt]
▶ to save (spiritually)
▶ to redeem (from sin)
▶ to deliver (from suffering, distress, etc.)
▶ to bring to salvation

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2025-12-06 19:22:36  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
It looks like the third sense is always in the passive. I don't think it's needed now that we have a 救われる entry.
[relig] is a jmnedict tag.
  Diff:
@@ -29 +29 @@
-<gloss>to help (out of)</gloss>
+<gloss>to help (out of a difficulty)</gloss>
@@ -31 +30,0 @@
-<gloss>to release (from)</gloss>
@@ -36,2 +35,3 @@
-<misc>&relig;</misc>
-<gloss>to redeem (someone; e.g. from their sins)</gloss>
+<gloss>to save (spiritually)</gloss>
+<gloss>to redeem (from sin)</gloss>
+<gloss>to deliver (from suffering, distress, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -39,14 +38,0 @@
-<gloss>to reclaim (e.g. a lost soul)</gloss>
-<gloss>to deliver (from anguish, distress, etc.)</gloss>
-<gloss>to save</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&v5u;</pos>
-<pos>&vt;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2868293">救われる・1</xref>
-<s_inf>usu. in the passive</s_inf>
-<gloss>to relieve (slightly)</gloss>
-<gloss>to compensate for (something troublesome)</gloss>
-<gloss>to reduce (stress, annoyance, etc.)</gloss>
-<gloss>to make bearable</gloss>
-<gloss>to offset</gloss>
1. A* 2025-12-05 13:21:59  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Chuujiten, Prog, GG5

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 救う │ 1,943,405 │100.0% │
│ 済う │       259 │  0.0% │GendaiRK, Daijs, Koj, Meikyo as [sK]; add; [rK]
│ 拯う │         0 │  0.0% │GendaiRK; add; [sK]
╰─ーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
Sense 2: GendaiSK, Sankoku, Daijs, Prog

Sense 3:

Daijs:
4(多く「救われる」の形で)悪い条件を相殺する。不安・不満などが一応解消する。「重病だが本人が明るいので―・われる」 「仕事がきつい上に給料が安いのでは―・われない」
Chuujiten:
3 《「救われる」の形で》 〈(悪条件の中で)埋め合わせとなる〉
   ¶通勤時間は長いが乗り換えがないので救われる. Though I have a long commute, it's a relief that I don't have to switch trains.


Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 救う   │ 1,943,405 │ 82.5% │
│ 救われる │   411,413 │ 17.5% │
╰─ーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
GendaiSK, Sankoku, Daijr and Daijs dedicate an entry to 救われる, I think we should have it as well
.
  Comments:
Encountered 済う yesterday.

A bit difficult to gloss the third sense transitively since it's usually in the passive. I tried
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,8 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>済う</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>拯う</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -19,2 +27,14 @@
-<gloss>to rescue from</gloss>
-<gloss>to help out of</gloss>
+<gloss>to rescue (someone)</gloss>
+<gloss>to save</gloss>
+<gloss>to help (out of)</gloss>
+<gloss>to relieve (from)</gloss>
+<gloss>to release (from)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5u;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<misc>&relig;</misc>
+<gloss>to redeem (someone; e.g. from their sins)</gloss>
+<gloss>to bring to salvation</gloss>
+<gloss>to reclaim (e.g. a lost soul)</gloss>
+<gloss>to deliver (from anguish, distress, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -22,0 +43,11 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5u;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2868293">救われる</xref>
+<s_inf>usu. in the passive</s_inf>
+<gloss>to relieve (slightly)</gloss>
+<gloss>to compensate for (something troublesome)</gloss>
+<gloss>to reduce (stress, annoyance, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to make bearable</gloss>
+<gloss>to offset</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1236630 Active (id: 2353733)
怯える [spec1] 脅える悸える [sK]
おびえる [spec1]
1. [v1,vi]
▶ to become frightened
▶ to be frightened (of)
▶ to be scared (of)

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2025-12-06 21:56:25  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 怯え  │ 405,573 │ 64.8% │
│ 脅え  │  48,846 │  7.8% │
│ 悸え  │      88 │  0.0% │ - [iK] to [sK] (not in my refs)
│ おびえ │ 171,016 │ 27.3% │
╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3. A 2018-04-07 18:17:56  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
G n-grams
怯え	405538	  
怯える	117398
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri>
@@ -15,0 +17 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2. A 2010-09-04 22:17:30  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
and kanwas don't have the reading, so the iK is probably deserved
1. A* 2010-09-03 23:34:57  Scott
  Refs:
uncommon
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>悸える</keb>
+<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1289030 Active (id: 2353679)
今一 [spec1] 今いち [sK] 今イチ [sK]
いまいち [spec1] イマイチ (nokanji) [spec1]
1. [adv] [uk,col]
▶ not quite (right)
▶ not very good
▶ somewhat (lacking)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2773910 今ひとつ 2. (not) quite; (not) entirely; (not) enough; somewhat (lacking)



History:
11. A 2025-12-06 07:34:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2025-12-06 01:16:18  parfait8
  Refs:
https://jiten.moe/parse?text=いまいち&mediaType=4&offset=0
  Comments:
jiten.moe agrees with you that いまいち is quite a bit more common
it also suggests that 今一 is extremely rare which tracks with my experience
  Diff:
@@ -27,0 +28 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -29 +29,0 @@
-<misc>&uk;</misc>
9. A* 2025-12-06 00:28:45  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://massif.la/ja/search?q=イマイチ
  Comments:
I feel less comfortable about leading with a katakana form when it accounts for <50% of the total n-gram counts and the term isn't an animal/plant, slang term or onomatopoeia.
I suspect that いまいち is quite a bit more common in books. いまいち dominates in the top 100 sentences on Massif.
8. A* 2025-12-05 19:04:45  parfait8
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ イマイチだった │ 221,604 │ 61.2% │
│ いまいちだった │ 140,322 │ 38.8% │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ イマイチな │ 265,435 │ 66.2% │
│ いまいちな │ 135,609 │ 33.8% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Comments:
maybe i'm missing other higher counts examples but イマイチ still seems quite more dominant
7. A 2025-12-05 17:51:30  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
いまいちわからない	41,323		
イマイチわからない	26,364
  Comments:
I don't think the katakana form should lead.
[exp] not needed.
  Diff:
@@ -17,4 +16,0 @@
-<reb>イマイチ</reb>
-<re_nokanji/>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -23,0 +20,5 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>イマイチ</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
+</r_ele>
@@ -25 +25,0 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -27 +27 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2773910">今一つ・いまひとつ・2</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2773910">今ひとつ・2</xref>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 1295240 Active (id: 2353666)
[news2,nf25] [rK] [rK]
とりで [news2,nf25]
1. [n]
▶ fort
▶ fortress
▶ stronghold
▶ fortification



History:
6. A 2025-12-06 01:30:44  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
They're in daijr/s, koj and meikyo. We don't hide rare kanji forms unless they're 異体字 or 旧字体.
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
5. A 2025-12-06 00:47:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'd hide them.
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4. A* 2025-12-05 22:52:33  Sombrero1
  Refs:
BCCWJ:
{砦[トリデ]}= 415
{塁[トリデ]}= 0
{寨[トリデ]}= 0

塁 and 寨 are 0 in all corpora

.
  Comments:
Checks out
3. A* 2025-12-05 20:32:37  parfait8
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ の砦   │ 226,541 │ 93.0% │
│ の塁   │  16,605 │  6.8% │
│ の寨   │     453 │  0.2% │
│ のとりで │  13,353 │  N/A  │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Comments:
very hard to get accurate results but 塁 and 寨 are just pretty much never used for this, 塁 is in fact almost always read るい
many smaller kokugos only have 砦 as kanji form
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -13,0 +15 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2013-02-11 10:07:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1477020 Active (id: 2353939)
八方 [news1,nf21]
はっぽう [news1,nf21]
1. [n]
▶ all sides
▶ the four cardinal directions and the four ordinal directions
2. [n] [abbr,hist]
▶ large hanging paper lantern
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2536740 八方行灯 1. large hanging paper lantern (used in bathhouses, yose theatres, izakaya, etc.)



History:
6. A 2025-12-09 00:51:30  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -23 +23,2 @@
-<gloss>large hanging lantern</gloss>
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
+<gloss>large hanging paper lantern</gloss>
5. A 2025-12-06 07:32:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2025-12-06 01:21:58  Joe Murray
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/八方-603006#w-603006

daijs - abbr on 2nd sense
  Diff:
@@ -21,0 +22 @@
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
3. A 2014-09-26 02:45:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2014-09-25 07:01:26  Marcus Richert
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>the four cardinal directions and the four corners</gloss>
+<gloss>the four cardinal directions and the four ordinal directions</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1477100 Active (id: 2353662)
鉢合わせ [news2,nf45] はち合わせ [sK] 鉢合せ [sK] ハチ合わせ [sK]
はちあわせ [news2,nf45]
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ bumping of heads
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2838133 鉢合わせる【はちあわせる】 1. to bump heads; to bump into each other; to collide head-on
2. [n,vs,vi]
《usu. with a negative connotation》
▶ running into
▶ coming across
▶ encountering
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2838133 鉢合わせる【はちあわせる】 2. to meet by chance; to encounter; to run into

Conjugations


History:
9. A 2025-12-06 00:34:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2025-12-05 21:34:10  parfait8
  Refs:
ハチ合わせ	1,452
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,4 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ハチ合わせ</keb>
7. A 2024-10-15 23:52:52  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -32 +32 @@
-<s_inf>often with a negative connotation</s_inf>
+<s_inf>usu. with a negative connotation</s_inf>
6. A* 2024-10-14 23:20:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
鉢合わせ	70524	85.3%
はち合わせ	3628	4.4%
鉢合せ	2060	2.5%
はちあわせ	6427	7.8%
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -13,0 +15 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5. A 2022-07-09 09:38:49  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
mk
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
@@ -27,0 +29 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 1486060 Active (id: 2353713)
微塵子 [rK] 水蚤 [rK]
ミジンコ (nokanji)みじんこ
1. [n] [uk]
▶ water flea (Daphnia spp.)



History:
6. A 2025-12-06 20:14:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2025-12-06 13:13:51  parfait8
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 微塵子  │     639 │  0.4% │ add rK
│ 水蚤   │      90 │  0.1% │ add rK
│ ミジンコ │ 131,743 │ 87.6% │ move up
│ みじんこ │  17,962 │ 11.9% │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -8,0 +10 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -10,3 +11,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>みじんこ</reb>
-</r_ele>
@@ -15,0 +15,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>みじんこ</reb>
4. A 2020-07-06 22:31:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-07-06 22:24:32  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, koj
水蚤	90
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>水蚤</keb>
2. A 2017-03-02 00:20:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1537670 Active (id: 2353707)
野良犬 [news2,nf39] のら犬 [sK] ノラ犬 [sK]
のらいぬ [news2,nf39]
1. [n]
▶ stray dog



History:
2. A 2025-12-06 19:54:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-12-06 13:44:05  parfait8
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 野良犬  │ 179,917 │ 83.4% │
│ のら犬  │  19,930 │  9.2% │ add
│ ノラ犬  │  11,776 │  5.5% │ add
│ のらいぬ │   4,103 │  1.9% │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +8,8 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>のら犬</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ノラ犬</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1544850 Active (id: 2353661)
与奪予奪 [rK]
よだつ
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ giving and taking away

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2025-12-06 00:33:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-12-05 23:18:12  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
与奪	1,909	
予奪	0       - daijr/s, koj
生殺与奪	11,791
  Comments:
I don't think "plundering" works.
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>予奪</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -14,2 +18 @@
-<gloss>giving and taking</gloss>
-<gloss>plundering</gloss>
+<gloss>giving and taking away</gloss>
1. A 2021-11-18 01:03:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1563890 Active (id: 2353714)
傅く
かしずくかしづく
1. [v5k,vi] [uk]
▶ to wait upon
▶ to serve

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2025-12-06 20:15:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-12-06 19:09:20  parfait8
  Refs:
sankoku, meikyo, smk, etc.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ に傅く   │ 1,208 │ 38.3% │
│ にかしずく │ 1,445 │ 45.8% │
│ にかしづく │   504 │ 16.0% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ に傅かれ   │   344 │ 13.6% │
│ にかしずかれ │ 1,636 │ 64.6% │
│ にかしづかれ │   553 │ 21.8% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15,2 @@
-<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
2. A 2011-09-12 00:16:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-09-11 05:58:08  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
meikyo
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +10,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>かしづく</reb>
+</r_ele>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1585060 Active (id: 2353757)
[ichi1,news1,nf11]
かみなり [ichi1,news1,nf11]
1. [n]
▶ lightning
▶ thunder
▶ thunderbolt
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2683660 雷霆【らいてい】 1. thunder
  ⇐ see: 1659970 サンダー 1. thunder
  ⇐ see: 2868304 雷【いかずち】 1. lightning; thunder; thunderbolt
  ⇐ see: 2868307 雷【らい】 1. thunder; lightning
2. [n]
▶ god of thunder
▶ god of lightning
3. [n]
▶ anger
▶ fit of anger



History:
16. A 2025-12-07 05:16:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
15. A* 2025-12-06 21:40:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think らい should be split out too.
  Diff:
@@ -16,4 +15,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>らい</reb>
-<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf>
-</r_ele>
@@ -27 +22,0 @@
-<stagr>かみなり</stagr>
@@ -33 +27,0 @@
-<stagr>かみなり</stagr>
14. A 2025-12-06 20:02:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
13. A* 2025-12-06 15:23:24  parfait8
  Refs:
sankoku:〔雅〕
smk: 〔雅〕
iwakoku: 雅語的
  Comments:
i think it should be split
  Diff:
@@ -17,4 +16,0 @@
-<reb>いかずち</reb>
-<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -23,4 +18,0 @@
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>いかづち</reb>
-<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
12. A 2025-04-14 01:12:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Most JEs only have かみなり but GG5 has all 3. Daijisen too.
  Comments:
I think いかづち can be hidden.
  Diff:
@@ -21,2 +21,2 @@
-<reb>いかづち</reb>
-<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
+<reb>らい</reb>
+<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf>
@@ -25 +25,2 @@
-<reb>らい</reb>
+<reb>いかづち</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
(show/hide 11 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1602650 Active (id: 2353961)
伏す
ふす
1. [v5s,vi]
▶ to lie face down
▶ to lie flat (on one's stomach)
▶ to fall prostrate
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1500220 伏せる 3. to lay (oneself) face down; to lie face down; to lie flat (on one's stomach); to throw (oneself) to the ground
2. [v5s,vi]
▶ to bend down (in submission)
▶ to bow down
▶ to prostrate oneself
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1500190 伏して 1. bowing down; humbly; respectfully
3. [v5s,vi]
▶ to (crouch) and hide (behind)
▶ to conceal oneself
4. [v5s,vi]
《usu. as 臥す》
▶ to lie down (and sleep)
▶ to go to bed (with an illness)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1197670 臥せる 1. to lie down (and sleep); to go to bed (with an illness)
5. [v5s,vt]
▶ to lay (something) face down
▶ to place upside down
▶ to turn over (face down)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1500220 伏せる 1. to lay (something) face down; to place upside down; to turn over (face down)
6. [v5s,vt]
▶ to conceal
▶ to hide
▶ to keep secret
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1500220 伏せる 4. to conceal; to hide; to keep secret; to place in hiding (e.g. troops for an ambush)

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2025-12-09 04:57:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2025-12-09 03:12:10  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daij, meikyo, sankoku, smk
  Comments:
I've changed the sense split and ordering a little.
I'm not seeing a "to point downwards (of eyes, head, etc.)" sense in the refs.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -14,2 +13 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・1</xref>
-<gloss>to turn over (face down)</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・3</xref>
@@ -17,8 +15,2 @@
-<gloss>to lie upside down</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&v1;</pos>
-<pos>&vi;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・2</xref>
-<gloss>to point downwards (of eyes, head, etc.)</gloss>
-<gloss>to cast down (of a gaze, eyes, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to lie flat (on one's stomach)</gloss>
+<gloss>to fall prostrate</gloss>
@@ -29,4 +21,18 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・3</xref>
-<s_inf>also as 臥す</s_inf>
-<gloss>to lie face down (of one's body)</gloss>
-<gloss>to lie flat (on the ground)</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1500190">伏して</xref>
+<gloss>to bend down (in submission)</gloss>
+<gloss>to bow down</gloss>
+<gloss>to prostrate oneself</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5s;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<gloss>to (crouch) and hide (behind)</gloss>
+<gloss>to conceal oneself</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5s;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1197670">臥せる</xref>
+<s_inf>usu. as 臥す</s_inf>
+<gloss>to lie down (and sleep)</gloss>
+<gloss>to go to bed (with an illness)</gloss>
@@ -37,6 +43,4 @@
-<pos>&vi;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・4</xref>
-<gloss>to hide</gloss>
-<gloss>to conceal (oneself)</gloss>
-<gloss>to stay secret</gloss>
-<gloss>to lie low (e.g. of troops for an ambush)</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・1</xref>
+<gloss>to lay (something) face down</gloss>
+<gloss>to place upside down</gloss>
+<gloss>to turn over (face down)</gloss>
@@ -46,15 +50,5 @@
-<pos>&vi;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2224700">臥す・ふす</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・5</xref>
-<s_inf>usu. as 臥す</s_inf>
-<gloss>to lie down (in bed)</gloss>
-<gloss>to become bedridden (with an illness)</gloss>
-<gloss>to retire</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&v5s;</pos>
-<pos>&vi;</pos>
-<misc>&form;</misc>
-<gloss>to bend down (before)</gloss>
-<gloss>to bow down (to)</gloss>
-<gloss>to prostrate oneself</gloss>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・4</xref>
+<gloss>to conceal</gloss>
+<gloss>to hide</gloss>
+<gloss>to keep secret</gloss>
3. A* 2025-12-06 14:09:26  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 伏せる │ 89,605 │ 81.3% │
│ 伏す  │ 20,551 │ 18.7% │
╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ に伏す │ 8,942 │ 91.9% │
│ を伏す │   731 │  7.5% │
│ が伏す │    53 │  0.5% │
╰─ーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ を伏せる │ 31,591 │ 69.1% │
│ に伏せる │ 13,590 │ 29.7% │
│ が伏せる │    522 │  1.1% │
╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

BCCWJ:
{を}{〘語彙素=伏す〙}= 8
{が}{〘語彙素=伏す〙}= 4
{に}{〘語彙素=伏す〙}= 84 
For the に~ query I manually went through the results and removed the few transitive ones from the count.
Since {に}{〘語彙素=伏す〙}does not rule out transitive usage.

{を}{〘語彙素=伏せる〙}= 608
{が}{〘語彙素=伏せる〙}= 21
{に}{〘語彙素=伏せる〙}= 146
I did not manually check the に~ results here as their count here isn't that relevant to my point.

ーーーーーーーーーーーー

Shinsen:
自五
❶顔を下に向け、からだを地面に接する。
❷足をのばして、はらばいになる。
❸かくれる。「物かげに━」
❹ひれふす。「伏して願う」
❺病気になって寝る。「かぜで━」

Sankoku:
一⦅自五⦆
①姿勢を低くして、かくれる。
「草に━」
②うつぶせになる。
③たおれて横になる。
④〔文〕ひれふす。☞伏して。
⑤[臥×す]ふせる。
「床(とこ)に伏しがちだった」
二⦅他五⦆
①うつぶせにする。
②かくす。
「名を━」
一二:伏せる。


The note on sense three is based on GendaiRK and GendaiSK.

.
  Comments:
There appears to be a significant difference in transitivity between 伏せる and 伏す. 
The BCCWJ data and the kokugos corroborate this, and I've adjusted the glosses of the ambitransitive senses to be intransitive.
In fact, sankoku is the only 

The JEs are rather brief on this word. 
I think it can be roughly aligned with 伏せる, with some adjustments.

I've kept 臥す out of this entry for now as it is with 伏せる. I assumed it would also lead to complications with sentences here.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -13,3 +14,11 @@
-<gloss>to bend down</gloss>
-<gloss>to bow down</gloss>
-<gloss>to prostrate oneself</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・1</xref>
+<gloss>to turn over (face down)</gloss>
+<gloss>to lie face down</gloss>
+<gloss>to lie upside down</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v1;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・2</xref>
+<gloss>to point downwards (of eyes, head, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to cast down (of a gaze, eyes, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -20 +29,32 @@
-<gloss>to hide oneself</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・3</xref>
+<s_inf>also as 臥す</s_inf>
+<gloss>to lie face down (of one's body)</gloss>
+<gloss>to lie flat (on the ground)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5s;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・4</xref>
+<gloss>to hide</gloss>
+<gloss>to conceal (oneself)</gloss>
+<gloss>to stay secret</gloss>
+<gloss>to lie low (e.g. of troops for an ambush)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5s;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2224700">臥す・ふす</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1500220">伏せる・5</xref>
+<s_inf>usu. as 臥す</s_inf>
+<gloss>to lie down (in bed)</gloss>
+<gloss>to become bedridden (with an illness)</gloss>
+<gloss>to retire</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5s;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<misc>&form;</misc>
+<gloss>to bend down (before)</gloss>
+<gloss>to bow down (to)</gloss>
+<gloss>to prostrate oneself</gloss>
2. A 2017-05-04 20:36:47  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Koj gives the transitivity.
1. A* 2017-05-04 16:19:01  Mislav Blažević <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't know of any other dictionary which has transitivity tags to use as a reference but this verb is clearly intransitive.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
@@ -17,0 +19 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1641780 Active (id: 2353675)
深山 [news1,nf18] 御山 [sK] み山 [sK]
みやま [news1,nf18]
1. [n] [poet]
▶ mountain recesses
▶ heart of the mountains
▶ (place) deep in the mountains
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2866110 深山【しんざん】 1. mountain recesses; heart of the mountains; (place) deep in the mountains
2. [n] [poet,hon]
《also as 御山》
▶ mountain
3. [n] [arch]
▶ imperial tomb
▶ emperor's grave



History:
8. A 2025-12-06 07:22:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2025-12-05 20:18:38  parfait8
  Refs:
meikyo, gg5, daijr/s, etc. only have the "mountain recess", i think it should lead
only archaic and shinkoku (with 古語 tag) in my refs have the third sense, "hon" doesn't seem appropriate here
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -24,7 +24,0 @@
-<misc>&hon;</misc>
-<gloss>mountain</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<stagk>深山</stagk>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<misc>&poet;</misc>
@@ -38,0 +33,6 @@
+<s_inf>also as 御山</s_inf>
+<gloss>mountain</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&arch;</misc>
6. A 2025-06-18 05:14:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2025-06-17 18:34:05  Sombrero1
  Comments:
Looks good. I think even with one restriction here it's better to have おやま and みやま separate, because they have different etymologies after all. GendaiRK does it this way too
4. A* 2025-06-17 12:20:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
御山	20379
  Comments:
As suggested in  2580710.
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>御山</keb>
@@ -20,0 +24 @@
+<misc>&hon;</misc>
@@ -23,0 +28 @@
+<stagk>深山</stagk>
@@ -32,0 +38 @@
+<misc>&hon;</misc>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1645640 Active (id: 2354007)
生来 [news2,nf32] 性来 [rK]
せいらい [news2,nf32] しょうらい
1. [adv,adj-no,n]
▶ by nature
▶ naturally
▶ by birth
▶ innately
▶ congenitally
2. (生来 only) [adv]
▶ since birth
▶ in one's (entire) life



History:
10. A 2025-12-09 23:27:55  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -35 +35 @@
-<gloss>in one's entire life</gloss>
+<gloss>in one's (entire) life</gloss>
9. A 2025-12-06 20:39:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Not common.
8. A* 2025-12-06 18:36:06  parfait8
  Refs:
smk, meikyo, iwakoku, etc.
  Diff:
@@ -29,0 +30,6 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<stagk>生来</stagk>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<gloss>since birth</gloss>
+<gloss>in one's entire life</gloss>
7. A 2022-05-07 21:05:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2022-05-07 18:32:31  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
132,597	 84.8%	生来
    969	  0.6%	性来
    872	  0.6%	せいらい
 21,942	 14.0%	しょうらい
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1802740 Active (id: 2353720)
贅肉ぜい肉ゼイ肉 [sK]
ぜいにく
1. [n]
▶ excess flesh
▶ surplus fat
▶ flab



History:
6. A 2025-12-06 20:28:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
贅肉	117094	64.5%
ぜい肉	55227	30.4%
ゼイ肉	9334	5.1%
5. A* 2025-12-06 13:15:42  parfait8
  Refs:
ゼイ肉	9,334
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ゼイ肉</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4. A 2020-05-27 12:04:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2020-05-27 11:29:53  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>surplus fat</gloss>
2. A 2012-10-11 19:06:19  Paul Upchurch <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2224700 Active (id: 2353937)
臥す
ふす
1. [v5s,vi]
《more formal than 臥せる》
▶ to lie down (in bed)
▶ to retire (to bed)
▶ to become bedridden (with an illness)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1197670 臥せる 1. to lie down (and sleep); to go to bed (with an illness)

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2025-12-09 00:01:51  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think "retire" captures the literary tone quite well.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1197670">臥せる</xref>
@@ -14,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>to retire (to bed)</gloss>
@@ -16 +17,0 @@
-<gloss>to retire</gloss>
3. A 2025-12-06 20:29:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-12-06 14:17:22  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Meikyo

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 臥す  │ 10,756 │ 81.2% │
│ 臥せる │  2,484 │ 18.8% │
╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
Cambridge for "retire":
[ I ] formal or old-fashioned
   to go to bed


.
  Comments:
Encountered 病に臥す yesterday.

I rarely hear "to retire" with this meaning nowadays.
I think it should come last
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<s_inf>more formal than 臥せる</s_inf>
@@ -13,0 +15,2 @@
+<gloss>to become bedridden (with an illness)</gloss>
+<gloss>to retire</gloss>
1. A 2007-10-06 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2431330 Active (id: 2353731)
下ろしたて下ろし立て [rK] おろし立て [sK]
おろしたて
1. [adj-no] [uk]
▶ brand-new (clothes)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1589580 下ろす 4. to use for the first time; to wear for the first time



History:
9. A 2025-12-06 21:43:12  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Shoes are clothing.
  Diff:
@@ -22 +22 @@
-<gloss>brand-new (clothing, shoes)</gloss>
+<gloss>brand-new (clothes)</gloss>
8. A 2025-12-06 19:53:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2025-12-06 14:49:47  parfait8
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮
│ 下ろしたてのスーツ │  41 │ 10.8% │
│ 下ろし立てのスーツ │   0 │  0.0% │ add rK
│ おろし立てのスーツ │  29 │  7.6% │ add
│ おろしたてのスーツ │ 310 │ 81.6% │
╰─ーーーーーーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮
│ 下ろしたての靴 │ 110 │ 13.5% │
│ 下ろし立ての靴 │   0 │  0.0% │
│ おろし立ての靴 │  21 │  2.6% │
│ おろしたての靴 │ 686 │ 84.0% │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮
│ 下ろしたての服 │  52 │ 15.4% │
│ 下ろし立ての服 │   0 │  0.0% │
│ おろし立ての服 │   0 │  0.0% │
│ おろしたての服 │ 285 │ 84.6% │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,5 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>おろし立て</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6. A 2022-07-22 23:20:01  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
下ろしたての靴	110	10.0%
おろしたての靴	686	62.6%
下ろしたてのシャツ	36	3.3%
おろしたてのシャツ	264	24.1%
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
5. A 2019-11-03 22:09:03  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
That sense of 下ろす isn't actually limited to clothing but it appears that 下ろしたて almost always is.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<gloss>brand-new (clothing)</gloss>
+<gloss>brand-new (clothing, shoes)</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 2564470 Active (id: 2353677)
四凶
しきょう
1. [n] {Chinese mythology}
▶ Four Perils (malevolent beings)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2564380 四霊 1. the four auspicious beasts from Chinese mythology



History:
4. A 2025-12-06 07:30:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-12-05 21:08:28  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Perils
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>the four inauspicious beasts from Chinese mythology</gloss>
+<field>&chmyth;</field>
+<gloss>Four Perils (malevolent beings)</gloss>
2. A 2010-07-29 03:47:10  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
my kanwa
【四凶】
シキョウ
=四兇。四人の悪人。㋐帝舜シュンの時代では、共工キョウコウ・驩兜カントウ・三苗サンビョウ・鯀コン。〔→書経・舜典〕▽一説に、渾敦(混沌)・窮奇・檮杌トウゴツ・饕餮トウテツ。〔→春秋左氏伝・文公一八年〕㋑晋シン代では、江臬コウゲツ・史疇シチュウ・張嶷チョウギョク・羊耼ヨウタン。㋒明ミン代では、張瓚チョウサン・郭勛カククン・厳嵩ゲンスウ・胡守中コシュチュウ。
1. A* 2010-07-27 15:55:17  Brandon Kentel <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/四凶
  Comments:
anyone feeling ambitious?

[see=渾沌]
[see=饕餮]
[see=窮奇]
[see=檮杌]

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jmdict 2743210 Active (id: 2353773)
[sK]
ましら
1. [n] [poet]
▶ monkey



History:
7. A 2025-12-07 10:55:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
6. A* 2025-12-06 22:43:50  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think a simple gloss is fine here.
We don't hide readings unless they're orthographic variants. If we want to keep まし it should be a separate [arch] entry. I don't think it's needed.
  Diff:
@@ -14,4 +13,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>まし</reb>
-<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
-</r_ele>
@@ -21,3 +17 @@
-<gloss>monkey (esp. the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata)</gloss>
-<gloss>ape</gloss>
-<gloss>non-human primate</gloss>
+<gloss>monkey</gloss>
5. A 2025-12-06 20:42:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
In Daijisen. Maybe hidden.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>まし</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
4. A* 2025-12-06 20:15:55  parfait8
  Refs:
sankoku, daijr, iwakoku, etc.
daijs
  Diff:
@@ -9 +9 @@
-<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -14,4 +13,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>まし</reb>
-<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
-</r_ele>
@@ -19,0 +16 @@
+<misc>&poet;</misc>
3. A 2012-09-12 04:21:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2745770 Active (id: 2353728)
救われない
すくわれない
1. [exp,adj-i]
▶ hopeless
▶ beyond saving
▶ (feeling) beyond help
▶ finding no comfort
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2868293 救われる 2. to be redeemed (by); to be offset (by); to be saved; to have a redeeming aspect; to have a saving grace; to be made bearable

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2025-12-06 20:43:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-12-06 20:24:00  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, sankoku, gg5
  Diff:
@@ -12,4 +12,6 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1229060">救う・1</xref>
-<gloss>beyond redemption</gloss>
-<gloss>without hope</gloss>
-<gloss>helpless</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2868293">救われる・2</xref>
+<gloss>hopeless</gloss>
+<gloss>beyond saving</gloss>
+<gloss>(feeling) beyond help</gloss>
+<gloss>finding no comfort</gloss>
2. A 2012-10-11 07:52:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Dunno.
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@
+<gloss>without hope</gloss>
1. A* 2012-09-19 15:56:57  Marcus
  Refs:
daijr, 日本語WordNet(英和)
daijr: "希望がない。せっかくの努力がむくわれない。 あれだけ苦労した計画が中止
となったのでは彼も―ない"
  Comments:
I think there's a nuance I'm slightly missing

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2773910 Active (id: 2353672)
今ひとつ [news1,nf17] 今一ついま一つ [sK]
いまひとつ [news1,nf17]
1. [adv]
▶ one more
▶ another (one)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2069680 あと一歩【あといっぽ】 1. one more; another; the other
  ⇐ see: 2069740 今一歩【いまいっぽ】 1. one more; another; the other
2. [adv]
▶ (not) quite
▶ (not) entirely
▶ (not) enough
▶ somewhat (lacking)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2069680 あと一歩【あといっぽ】 2. not quite; not very good
  ⇐ see: 2069740 今一歩【いまいっぽ】 2. not quite
  ⇐ see: 2070970 もう一つ【もうひとつ】 3. (not) quite; (not) very; lacking
  ⇐ see: 1289030 今一【いまいち】 1. not quite (right); not very good; somewhat (lacking)



History:
7. A 2025-12-06 02:59:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Only daijr has this as 連語.
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -21 +21,0 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -27 +26,0 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
6. A 2022-09-12 00:54:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2022-09-11 21:44:13  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij
今ひとつ	        690271	48.0%
今一つ	        221427	15.4%
いま一つ	        74492	5.2%
いまひとつ	450934	31.4%
  Comments:
I don't know why sense 1 was tagged as col.
Not uk.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>今一つ</keb>
+<keb>今ひとつ</keb>
@@ -10 +10 @@
-<keb>いま一つ</keb>
+<keb>今一つ</keb>
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<keb>今ひとつ</keb>
+<keb>いま一つ</keb>
@@ -23,2 +22,0 @@
-<misc>&uk;</misc>
-<misc>&col;</misc>
@@ -26,2 +24 @@
-<gloss>another</gloss>
-<gloss>the other</gloss>
+<gloss>another (one)</gloss>
@@ -32,4 +29,4 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1289030">今一・いまいち</xref>
-<gloss>not quite</gloss>
-<gloss>not very good</gloss>
-<gloss>lacking</gloss>
+<gloss>(not) quite</gloss>
+<gloss>(not) entirely</gloss>
+<gloss>(not) enough</gloss>
+<gloss>somewhat (lacking)</gloss>
4. A 2018-08-14 23:11:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -23 +22,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1289030">今一・いまいち</xref>
@@ -32,0 +32 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1289030">今一・いまいち</xref>
3. A 2013-02-26 23:21:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I agree, but is it just an adverb? GG5 has the example: 全力を尽くしたが結果[評判]は今ひとつだった.
  Diff:
@@ -21,1 +21,1 @@
-<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -31,1 +31,1 @@
-<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2866110 Active (id: 2353674)
深山
しんざん
1. [n]
▶ mountain recesses
▶ heart of the mountains
▶ (place) deep in the mountains
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1641780 深山【みやま】 1. mountain recesses; heart of the mountains; (place) deep in the mountains



History:
4. A 2025-12-06 07:22:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-12-05 20:19:20  parfait8
  Comments:
my refs don't tag it as [poet] + aligning
  Diff:
@@ -12,3 +12,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1641780">深山・みやま・2</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1641780">深山・みやま・2</xref>
-<misc>&poet;</misc>
+<xref type="see" seq="1641780">深山・みやま・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1641780">深山・みやま・1</xref>
2. A 2025-06-14 06:29:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<xref type="see">深山・みやま・2</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1641780">深山・みやま・2</xref>
1. A* 2025-06-13 13:24:36  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Furigana.info
読み方	割合
ーーーーーーー
みやま	71.8%
しんざん	26.5%
オクヤマ	0.9%
ミヤマ	0.9%
  Comments:
From 1641780

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jmdict 2868225 Active (id: 2353736)
土禁
どきん
1. [exp] [col,abbr]
▶ no shoes allowed
▶ no outdoor footwear
▶ shoes off
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2868226 土足禁止 1. no shoes allowed; no outdoor footwear; shoes off; please take off your shoes



History:
4. A 2025-12-06 22:37:57  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15,3 @@
-<gloss>shoes prohibited</gloss>
+<gloss>no shoes allowed</gloss>
+<gloss>no outdoor footwear</gloss>
+<gloss>shoes off</gloss>
3. A 2025-11-29 21:03:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
土禁	6204
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2868226">土足禁止</xref>
@@ -13 +14 @@
-<s_inf>short for 土足禁止</s_inf>
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
2. A* 2025-11-29 20:15:36  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Sankoku

Massif examples
https://massif.la/ja/search?q=土禁

.
  Comments:
Sankoku calls it a noun, but the current gloss doesn't fit that. Daijirin doesn't give a PoS.
How about just [exp]
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11,3 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<s_inf>short for 土足禁止</s_inf>
1. A* 2025-11-29 19:19:26 
  Refs:
大辞林

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jmdict 2868226 Active (id: 2353722)
土足禁止
どそくきんし
1. [exp]
▶ no shoes allowed
▶ no outdoor footwear
▶ shoes off
▶ please take off your shoes
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2868225 土禁【どきん】 1. no shoes allowed; no outdoor footwear; shoes off



History:
4. A 2025-12-06 20:30:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-12-06 02:13:05  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think "please take off your shoes" should lead.
  Diff:
@@ -12,3 +12,4 @@
-<gloss>please remove shoes</gloss>
-<gloss>shoes prohibited</gloss>
-<gloss>no outdoor shoes</gloss>
+<gloss>no shoes allowed</gloss>
+<gloss>no outdoor footwear</gloss>
+<gloss>shoes off</gloss>
+<gloss>please take off your shoes</gloss>
2. A 2025-12-05 02:03:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Quiet. Closing.
1. A* 2025-11-29 21:02:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD 
土足禁止	8325
  Comments:
Possibly worth having.

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jmdict 2868264 Deleted (id: 2353681)
心拍過多
しんぱくかた
1. [n] [rare] {medicine}
▶ excessive heartrate
▶ tachycardia
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2422160 頻脈 1. tachycardia



History:
4. D 2025-12-06 07:36:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes, it really doesn't make it.
3. A* 2025-12-05 18:16:54  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Very few web hits. I don't think it's needed. Easy to translate from its parts.
2. A* 2025-12-05 05:11:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
0 ngrams 
頻拍	29142 - GG5, etc.
頻脈	40434 - ditto
  Comments:
Not sure this is really worth adding.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2422160">頻脈</xref>
@@ -12,0 +14 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
1. A* 2025-12-03 15:09:56  Hendrik
  Refs:
From a health assessment document I am translating
https://mhlw-grants.niph.go.jp/system/files/download_pdf/2020/202009049A.pdf
http://www.ksk-jigyoudan.or.jp/_userdata/images/_pdf/support/mini_No4.pdf
https://mymc.jp/forindividuals/result01/result02/

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jmdict 2868289 Active (id: 2354129)
森林恐怖症
しんりんきょうふしょう
1. [n] {medicine}
▶ hylophobia
▶ fear of forests or wooded areas



History:
4. A 2025-12-11 04:58:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
However, it is in the 医学英和辞典, and it's in the Kagaku EB glossary with a "医生" tag.
3. A* 2025-12-09 23:33:51  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'm sceptical this is a medically recognised phobia. I think as a general rule we should avoid using [med] for these more obscure phobias that aren't in the major refs.
2. A 2025-12-06 07:24:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
医学英和辞典, RP
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>hylophobia (fear of forests or wooded areas)</gloss>
+<field>&med;</field>
+<gloss>hylophobia</gloss>
+<gloss>fear of forests or wooded areas</gloss>
1. A* 2025-12-05 12:39:53 
  Refs:
https://ameblo.jp/isawo-t/entry-12302760750.html

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/恐怖症の一覧

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jmdict 2868292 Active (id: 2353680)
推奨事項
すいしょうじこう
1. [n]
《used in formal or technical documents, e.g. manuals, reports, guidelines》
▶ recommendations



History:
3. A 2025-12-06 07:35:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-12-06 02:53:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
推奨事項	11,354
  Comments:
Not recommendations for places to eat, etc.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>recommendation</gloss>
+<s_inf>used in formal or technical documents, e.g. manuals, reports, guidelines</s_inf>
+<gloss>recommendations</gloss>
1. A* 2025-12-05 13:12:04  Hendrik
  Refs:
https://docs.oracle.com/ja-jp/iaas/Content/CloudAdvisor/Concepts/recommendations.htm
https://www.servicenow.com/docs/ja-JP/bundle/yokohama-customer-service-management/page/product/customer-service-management/task/ra-csm-recommendations-create.html
https://context.reverso.net/翻訳/日本語-英語/推奨事項
https://stage.tksc.jaxa.jp/spacelaw/world/1_02/02.J-10.pdf

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jmdict 2868293 Active (id: 2353699)
救われる [spec2] 済われる [sK] 拯われる [sK]
すくわれる [spec2]
1. [v1,vi]
▶ to be rescued
▶ to be saved
2. [v1,vi]
▶ to be redeemed (by)
▶ to be offset (by)
▶ to be saved
▶ to have a redeeming aspect
▶ to have a saving grace
▶ to be made bearable
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2745770 救われない【すくわれない】 1. hopeless; beyond saving; (feeling) beyond help; finding no comfort
3. [v1,vi]
▶ to feel relieved

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2025-12-06 17:33:19  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
救われ	843,656
  Comments:
We need a sense for the basic meaning as it probably represents the majority of passive occurrences.
Prog has separate senses for "埋め合わせとなる" and "不安・不満が解消する", which I think works well.
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<ke_pri>spec2</ke_pri>
@@ -16,0 +18 @@
+<re_pri>spec2</re_pri>
@@ -21 +23,7 @@
-<gloss>to be of relief</gloss>
+<gloss>to be rescued</gloss>
+<gloss>to be saved</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v1;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<gloss>to be redeemed (by)</gloss>
@@ -23,3 +31,9 @@
-<gloss>to become bearable</gloss>
-<gloss>to be saved (by)</gloss>
-<gloss>to be eased</gloss>
+<gloss>to be saved</gloss>
+<gloss>to have a redeeming aspect</gloss>
+<gloss>to have a saving grace</gloss>
+<gloss>to be made bearable</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&v1;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<gloss>to feel relieved</gloss>
1. A* 2025-12-05 13:16:48  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 救う   │ 1,943,405 │ 82.5% │
│ 救われる │   411,413 │ 17.5% │
╰─ーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
GendaiSK, Sankoku, Daijr and Daijs dedicate an entry to 救われる, I think we should have it as well.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 救われる │ 411,413 │100.0% │
│ 済われる │      39 │  0.0% │[sK]
│ 拯われる │       0 │  0.0% │[sK]
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯

.
  Comments:
See also proposed additions to 救う

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jmdict 2868299 Active (id: 2353667)

ジュースジャッキングジュース・ジャッキング
1. [n]
▶ juice jacking (installing malware on or stealing data from a device via a public USB charging port)



History:
2. A 2025-12-06 01:47:51  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
KOD追加語彙(英和)
https://cybersecurity-jp.com/column/33351
https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/906315?display=b
  Comments:
Plenty of web hits.
Not sure it's considered a computing term.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ジュース・ジャッキング</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -9,2 +12 @@
-<field>&comp;</field>
-<gloss>juice jacking</gloss>
+<gloss>juice jacking (installing malware on or stealing data from a device via a public USB charging port)</gloss>
1. A* 2025-12-05 20:18:49 
  Refs:
https://act1.co.jp/column/0174-2/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juice_jacking

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jmdict 2868300 Active (id: 2353670)
血風
けっぷう
1. [n]
▶ bloody wind
▶ wind carrying the stench of blood from a battle



History:
2. A 2025-12-06 02:42:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
iwakoku: 斬(き)り合い・戦闘の起こっている場所を吹き通る、血なまぐさい風。「―すさぶ鳥羽伏見」		
血風が	158	
血風を	230			
血風の	607				
血風と	36				
血風に	57
  Comments:
Not in the other kokugos.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +11,0 @@
-<s_inf>evoking a fierce battle or scene of carnage</s_inf>
-<gloss>wind of blood</gloss>
@@ -14,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>wind carrying the stench of blood from a battle</gloss>
1. A* 2025-12-05 20:42:55  parfait8
  Refs:
iwakoku
https://shonagon.ninjal.ac.jp

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jmdict 2868301 Active (id: 2353758)
子なし子無し
こなし
1. [adj-no]
▶ childless
▶ child-free



History:
4. A 2025-12-07 05:18:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-12-06 22:33:46  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think that's best.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>子なし夫婦</keb>
+<keb>子なし</keb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<keb>子無し夫婦</keb>
+<keb>子無し</keb>
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<reb>こなしふうふ</reb>
+<reb>こなし</reb>
@@ -14,3 +14,3 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>childless (married) couple</gloss>
-<gloss>childfree couple</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<gloss>childless</gloss>
+<gloss>child-free</gloss>
2. A* 2025-12-06 20:24:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
子なし	32144	  
子無し	12566
子なしの	6251
  Comments:
Perhaps just an entry for 子なし/子無し would be enough? There are more common compounds than this one.
1. A* 2025-12-06 00:23:16  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
子なし夫婦	748	60.9%   13 tweets past 24 hrs
子無し夫婦	480	39.1%   8 ''
  Comments:
I think it can refer to both voluntary and involuntary

子なし/子無し could possibly be a separate entry

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jmdict 2868302 Active (id: 2353694)
真ん
まん
1. [pref]
▶ perfect
▶ dead (center, ahead, etc.)
▶ right
▶ just
▶ exactly
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1604350 真ん中 1. middle; centre; center; midpoint; heart
  ⇒ see: 1363330 真ん丸い 1. perfectly round; perfectly circular



History:
2. A 2025-12-06 15:24:10  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr/s
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1604350">真ん中</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1363330">真ん丸い</xref>
@@ -15 +16,0 @@
-<gloss>total</gloss>
@@ -16,0 +18 @@
+<gloss>exactly</gloss>
1. A* 2025-12-06 10:07:14  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 真ん中 │ 4,317,191 │ 98.6% │
│ 真ん丸 │    50,300 │  1.1% │
│ 真ん  │    11,644 │  0.3% │
╰─ーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
Meikyo, Shinsen

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jmdict 2868303 Active (id: 2353735)
票固め票固 [sK] 票がため [sK]
ひょうがため
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ securing votes (in an election)
▶ making sure of votes

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2025-12-06 22:36:04  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I agree.
  Diff:
@@ -22 +22 @@
-<gloss>securing votes (at an election)</gloss>
+<gloss>securing votes (in an election)</gloss>
3. A 2025-12-06 21:50:18  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────╮
│ 票を集め   │ 24,865 │
│ ひょうを集め │      0 │
├─ーーーーーー─┼────────┤
│ 浮動票    │ 28,368 │
│ 浮動ひょう  │      0 │
├─ーーーーーー─┼────────┤
│ 反対票    │ 37,899 │
│ 反対ひょう  │      0 │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────╯
  Comments:
"票がため" looks at least plausible to my eye, but not "ひょう固め"
  Diff:
@@ -9,4 +8,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>ひょう固め</keb>
2. A 2025-12-06 20:17:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-12-06 14:58:16  Sombrero1
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 票固め   │ 4,050 │100.0% │
│ ひょう固め │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 票がため  │     0 │  0.0% │
│ 票固    │     0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
GG5, Luminous, Prog, Meikyo, Sankoku, etc.

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jmdict 2868304 Active (id: 2353708)

いかずちいかづち [sk]
1. [n] [poet]
▶ lightning
▶ thunder
▶ thunderbolt
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1585060 雷【かみなり】 1. lightning; thunder; thunderbolt



History:
2. A 2025-12-06 20:01:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-12-06 15:24:02  parfait8
  Comments:
proposed split from 1585060

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jmdict 2868305 Active (id: 2353723)
筋紡錘
きんぼうすい
1. [n] {anatomy}
▶ muscle spindle



History:
2. A 2025-12-06 20:32:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
1. A* 2025-12-06 17:32:37  Joe Murray
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/筋紡錘
https://kotobank.jp/word/筋紡錘-481782#w-481782

daijs, wiki

筋紡錘	3650

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jmdict 2868306 Active (id: 2353724)
給仕人
きゅうじにん
1. [n]
▶ waiter
▶ waitress
▶ waitperson



History:
2. A 2025-12-06 20:33:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
RP
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>waiter, waitress</gloss>
+<gloss>waiter</gloss>
+<gloss>waitress</gloss>
+<gloss>waitperson</gloss>
1. A* 2025-12-06 18:40:17  parfait8
  Refs:
gg5, jitsuyou, nhk accent, nikk

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jmdict 2868307 Active (id: 2353756)

らい
1. [n]
▶ thunder
▶ lightning
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1585060 雷【かみなり】 1. lightning; thunder; thunderbolt



History:
2. A 2025-12-07 05:09:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-12-06 21:41:12  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Split from 1585060.

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jmdict 2868308 Active (id: 2353877)
方位計
ほういけい
1. [n]
▶ direction indicator
▶ heading indicator
▶ compass (esp. non-magnetic)



History:
2. A 2025-12-08 10:37:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Reverso
方位計	4042
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>compass (especially non-magnetic)</gloss>
+<gloss>heading indicator</gloss>
+<gloss>compass (esp. non-magnetic)</gloss>
1. A* 2025-12-06 23:41:58  Hendrik
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/方位計-1413597
https://citizen.jp/support-jp/manual/exterior/01.html
https://www.casio.com/jp/watches/protrek/technology/compass/
https://www.seikowatches.com/instructions/html/SEIKO_6R64_JP/BONDSYakzlcfey
https://www.amazon.co.jp/
JEDICT Database: 飛行方位計 【ひこうほういけい】 Directional Gyro; Heading Indicator; AV
JEDICT Database: 無線磁方位計 【むせんじほういけい】 (n) RMI (radio magnetic indicator); radio magnetic indicator; WI1
https://www.amazon.co.jp/ - no permanent link available: enter 方位計 in their search field to get a list of 方位計 they sell at a given time
  Comments:
The term 方位計 does not show up in "Text Glossing", because it is not at the head of the available database entries (shown in the reference section; in the A+B format).
Even though Amazon uses 方位計 as a synonym for 方位磁針/方位磁石, this term would typically used for NON-MAGNETIC devices such as gyro compasses, watches, electromagnetic direction finders, etc.

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jmdict 2868309 Active (id: 2353848)
方計
ほうけい
1. [n] [rare]
▶ plan
▶ strategy
▶ method
▶ measure



History:
3. A 2025-12-07 23:35:39  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr, koj, nikk
  Comments:
I don't think this word was ever common.
I looked up that article and 方計 has been changed to 方針.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,4 @@
-<misc>&dated;</misc>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<gloss>plan</gloss>
+<gloss>strategy</gloss>
+<gloss>method</gloss>
@@ -14,2 +16,0 @@
-<gloss>strategy</gloss>
-<gloss>plan</gloss>
2. A 2025-12-07 23:29:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
方計	362
Nikkoku
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+<misc>&dated;</misc>
+<gloss>measure</gloss>
+<gloss>strategy</gloss>
1. A* 2025-12-06 23:55:21  Hendrik
  Refs:
八重山毎日新聞 2025-12-07, lead article: "市が...円の損失補填をする方計であることが...分かった"
https://kotobank.jp/word/方計-381182
  Comments:
Kotobank suggests additional glosses, but I cannot find additional usage samples (it could be Okinawa specific)

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