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jmdict 1041920 Active (id: 2350875)

キャラクター [gai1] ； キャラクタ [sk]
1. [n]
▶ character
▶ personality
▶ disposition
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1923480 キャラ 2. character; personality; persona
2. [n]
▶ (fictional) character
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1923480 キャラ 1. (fictional) character
3. [n] {computing}
《usu. キャラクタ》
▶ character
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1505390 文字 1. letter (of an alphabet); character



History:
8. A 2025-11-07 22:00:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -23,0 +24 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1505390">文字・1</xref>
7. A* 2025-11-07 20:18:50  Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Possibly add ref to 文字 for sense 3?
6. A* 2025-11-07 19:05:38  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5:【電算】〔文字・記号〕 a character.
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/キャラクタ_(コンピュータ)
https://e-words.jp/w/キャラクタ.html
キャラクター	11,020,154	96.1%	
キャラクタ	447,617	        3.9%
  Comments: 
I think sense 3 is almost always used in computing contexts.
  Diff: 
@@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -23 +24,2 @@
-<gloss>letter</gloss>
+<field>&comp;</field>
+<s_inf>usu. キャラクタ</s_inf>
@@ -25 +26,0 @@
-<gloss>symbol</gloss>
5. A 2021-10-09 11:07:36  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Looks good.
4. A* 2021-10-09 08:25:43  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
simpler is better?
  Diff: 
@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>character (in a film, novel, comic, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>(fictional) character</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 1054890 Active (id: 2350894)

サーチ [gai1]
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ search

Conjugations


History:
1. A 2025-11-07 23:02:41  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>

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jmdict 1060360 Active (id: 2350912)

システムエンジニアリング； システム・エンジニアリング
1. [n]
▶ systems engineering
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2867834 システム工学 1. systems engineering



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 23:48:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
システム工学	        44,935		
システムエンジニアリング	18,435
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2867834">システム工学</xref>
1. A 2013-05-11 08:05:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff: 
@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>システム・エンジニアリング</reb>

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jmdict 1203810 Active (id: 2350814)
外傷 [news1,nf18]
【 がいしょう [news1,nf18] 】
1. [n]
▶ external injury
▶ external wound
▶ (physical) trauma



History:
1. A 2025-11-07 01:31:50  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5, prog, wisdom
  Diff: 
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>external injury</gloss>

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jmdict 1213070 Active (id: 2350860)
汗ばむ [news2,nf35]
【 あせばむ [news2,nf35] 】
1. [v5m,vi]
▶ to become slightly sweaty
▶ to sweat a little
▶ to become moist with sweat
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2250300 ばむ 1. to show signs of; to appear

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2025-11-07 19:44:28  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5, prog, wisdom
  Diff: 
@@ -17 +17,3 @@
-<gloss>to become sweaty</gloss>
+<gloss>to become slightly sweaty</gloss>
+<gloss>to sweat a little</gloss>
+<gloss>to become moist with sweat</gloss>
1. A* 2025-11-07 17:35:27 
  Comments: 
汗ばんだ額 does not mean "forehead that was sweaty (but is no longer)"
  Diff: 
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>to be sweaty</gloss>
+<gloss>to become sweaty</gloss>

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jmdict 1227170 Active (id: 2350876)
逆転 [news1,nf03] ； 逆点 [sK]
【 ぎゃくてん [news1,nf03] 】
1. [n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ reversal (of a situation)
▶ turnaround
▶ turnabout
▶ turning the tables
▶ sudden change
▶ comeback
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2848701 大逆転【だいぎゃくてん】 1. dramatic turn-around; major reversal; great comeback; game changer
2. [n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ reversal (of direction of rotation)

Conjugations


History:
8. A 2025-11-07 22:00:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2025-11-07 15:25:37 
  Diff: 
@@ -27,0 +28 @@
+<gloss>comeback</gloss>
6. A 2023-11-14 21:53:48  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
meikyo: 「逆点」と書くのは誤り。

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 逆転　　　 │ 3,721,737 │ 99.9% │
│ 逆点　　　 │     3,744 │  0.1% │ - [iK] to [sK]
│ ぎゃくてん │     6,452 │  N/A  │
╰─ーーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
5. A 2021-12-08 22:57:10  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5, etc. Examples.
  Diff: 
@@ -23 +23,5 @@
-<gloss>reversal (of direction of rotation)</gloss>
+<gloss>reversal (of a situation)</gloss>
+<gloss>turnaround</gloss>
+<gloss>turnabout</gloss>
+<gloss>turning the tables</gloss>
+<gloss>sudden change</gloss>
@@ -30,5 +34 @@
-<gloss>reversal (of a situation)</gloss>
-<gloss>turnaround</gloss>
-<gloss>turnabout</gloss>
-<gloss>turning the tables</gloss>
-<gloss>sudden change</gloss>
+<gloss>reversal (of direction of rotation)</gloss>
4. A* 2021-12-08 20:51:30  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daij, meikyo
  Comments: 
All the kokugos have two senses.
  Diff: 
@@ -23,5 +23,12 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>(sudden) change</gloss>
-<gloss>reversal</gloss>
-<gloss>turn-around</gloss>
-<gloss>coming from behind (baseball)</gloss>
+<gloss>reversal (of direction of rotation)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<gloss>reversal (of a situation)</gloss>
+<gloss>turnaround</gloss>
+<gloss>turnabout</gloss>
+<gloss>turning the tables</gloss>
+<gloss>sudden change</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 1298950 Active (id: 2350850)
擦過傷
【 さっかしょう 】
1. [n] [form]
▶ abrasion
▶ scratch
▶ graze



History:
1. A 2025-11-07 17:20:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
chujite, prog, wisdom
  Comments: 
Possibly [med].
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&form;</misc>
@@ -13,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>graze</gloss>

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jmdict 1398490 Active (id: 2350877)
創傷
【 そうしょう 】
1. [n] [form]
▶ wound
▶ injury
▶ trauma
▶ cut



History:
3. A 2025-11-07 22:02:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
I think that's overly specific.
  Diff: 
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>(open) wound</gloss>
+<gloss>wound</gloss>
2. A* 2025-11-07 09:51:18  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
Nanzando, Prog, Luminous, Chuujiten, GG5

Nikkoku:
外傷により身体の表面、または臓器の表面が離断し、多少とも開いている状態をいう。その成立機転、形状により、切創、刺創、裂創、咬創などと呼ぶ。
Nanzando:
外力によって生じた組織損傷を総括して創傷というが，皮膚や粘膜面の連続性が離断した開放性損傷を創，連続性が保持された閉鎖性損傷を傷と区別して用いることがある．
Daijisen:
切創・刺創・割創など、きず口の開いているきず。

Shinsen and Sankoku have [form]

.
  Comments: 
Added "(open)" in an attempt to have some form of distinction in the glosses compared to just 傷
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +12,5 @@
-<gloss>wound</gloss>
+<misc>&form;</misc>
+<gloss>(open) wound</gloss>
+<gloss>injury</gloss>
+<gloss>trauma</gloss>
+<gloss>cut</gloss>
1. A 2025-11-07 01:24:14  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>

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jmdict 1398720 Active (id: 2350830)
双脚
【 そうきゃく 】
1. [n]
▶ both legs



History:
1. A 2025-11-07 11:46:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>both feet</gloss>
+<gloss>both legs</gloss>

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jmdict 1443460 Active (id: 2350879)
電子辞書
【 でんしじしょ 】
1. [n]
▶ (portable) electronic dictionary
▶ pocket electronic dictionary
▶ PED
2. [n]
▶ digital dictionary (application or website)
▶ electronic dictionary



History:
5. A 2025-11-07 22:03:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2025-11-07 19:15:22  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
"computer dictionary" don't appear to be commonly used with this meaning.
  Diff: 
@@ -18 +18 @@
-<gloss>digital dictionary</gloss>
+<gloss>digital dictionary (application or website)</gloss>
@@ -20,2 +19,0 @@
-<gloss>computer dictionary</gloss>
-<gloss>online dictionary</gloss>
3. A 2021-10-29 11:40:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2021-10-27 05:38:52  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -17,0 +18,2 @@
+<gloss>digital dictionary</gloss>
+<gloss>electronic dictionary</gloss>
@@ -19 +20,0 @@
-<gloss>electronic dictionary</gloss>
1. A* 2021-10-27 05:36:05  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
kod: CD-ROMに収めたりネットワークで流したりして、コンピューターで利用する形態の辞書。また、辞書などのデータを内蔵した、小型の専用コ
ンピューター装置。
I think the pocket dictionary sense is the more common one, based on google/google image search results
  Comments: 
"PED" seems a little obscure as an acronym, but it's mentioned by wikipedia and I get some real hits e.g. 
https://academic.oup.com/ijl/article/23/3/275/1000253
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12,7 @@
+<gloss>(portable) electronic dictionary</gloss>
+<gloss>pocket electronic dictionary</gloss>
+<gloss>PED</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>computer dictionary</gloss>
@@ -12,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>online dictionary</gloss>

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jmdict 1469780 Active (id: 2350831)
粘膜 [news1,nf21]
【 ねんまく [news1,nf21] 】
1. [n] {anatomy}
▶ mucous membrane
▶ mucosa



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 11:48:12  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Wiktionary also uses "anatomy".
I don't think we need the Latin name.
  Diff: 
@@ -19 +18,0 @@
-<gloss>tunica mucosa</gloss>
1. A* 2025-11-07 09:29:53  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
Sankoku, LSD, SaishinIgaku, Nanzando, Genious

.
  Comments: 
I often find it a bit difficult to choose a tag for those.
GG5, RP, Chuujiten and GakkenDaijiten have [anat]. Sankoku and Oukoku have [biol].
As for the english terms, Cambridge has [med] for both "mucous membrane" and "mucosa".

I think  [anat] is probably the best fit here.
  Diff: 
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<field>&anat;</field>
@@ -17,0 +18,2 @@
+<gloss>mucosa</gloss>
+<gloss>tunica mucosa</gloss>

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jmdict 1495400 Active (id: 2350870)
不連続
【 ふれんぞく 】
1. [adj-na,n]
▶ discontinuous
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2639880 非連続【ひれんぞく】 1. discontinuous
2. [adj-na,n] {mathematics}
▶ discontinuous



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 21:57:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 12:24:15  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daijr/s
  Diff: 
@@ -13 +13,7 @@
-<gloss>discontinuity</gloss>
+<gloss>discontinuous</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<field>&math;</field>
+<gloss>discontinuous</gloss>

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jmdict 1535660 Active (id: 2350847)
目標管理
【 もくひょうかんり 】
1. [n] {business}
▶ management by objectives
▶ MBO
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2867820 ＭＢＯ【エム・ビー・オー】 1. management by objectives; MBO
  ⇐ see: 2867824 目標による管理【もくひょうによるかんり】 1. management by objectives; MBO



History:
1. A 2025-11-07 16:44:33  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&bus;</field>

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jmdict 1553500 Active (id: 2350829)
両脚
【 りょうあし； りょうきゃく 】
1. [n]
▶ both legs
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1585150 両足 2. both legs



History:
3. A 2025-11-07 11:44:09  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-11-07 09:59:05  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
BCCWJ:
｛両脚［リョウアシ］｝＝ 202
｛両脚［リョウキャク］｝＝ 3

https://de.youglish.com/pronounce/両脚/japanese
First 10 are all りょうあし, and I suspect it will keep going
  Diff: 
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>りょうきゃく</reb>
+<reb>りょうあし</reb>
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<reb>りょうあし</reb>
+<reb>りょうきゃく</reb>
1. A 2014-01-24 23:12:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1585150">両足</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1585150">両足・2</xref>

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jmdict 1559610 Active (id: 2350882)
連続 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
【 れんぞく [ichi1,news1,nf01] 】
1. [n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ continuation
▶ succession
▶ series
▶ sequence
2. [adj-na,n] {mathematics}
▶ continuous

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2025-11-07 22:08:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2025-11-07 12:40:38  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daijr/s, prog, wisdom
  Comments: 
Added sense. It's not adj-na in the refs but web results show it's often used this way.
  Diff: 
@@ -23,0 +24,7 @@
+<gloss>sequence</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<field>&math;</field>
+<gloss>continuous</gloss>
3. A 2021-11-18 00:50:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff: 
@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
2. A 2018-05-17 07:25:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2018-05-16 10:40:36  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5, prog
  Comments: 
-> noun glosses
  Diff: 
@@ -19,5 +19,3 @@
-<gloss>serial</gloss>
-<gloss>consecutive</gloss>
-<gloss>continuity</gloss>
-<gloss>occurring in succession</gloss>
-<gloss>continuing</gloss>
+<gloss>continuation</gloss>
+<gloss>succession</gloss>
+<gloss>series</gloss>

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jmdict 1585150 Active (id: 2350832)
両足 [news1,nf15]
【 りょうあし [news1,nf15] ； りょうそく 】
1. [n]
▶ both feet
2. [n]
▶ both legs
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1553500 両脚 1. both legs



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 11:52:37  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
りょうそく
   gg5: both feet; 〔脚〕 both legs."
   daijs: 両方の足。二本の足。両脚。
  Comments: 
I don't see a need for the reading restriction on sense 2.
  Diff: 
@@ -10,0 +11,2 @@
+<re_pri>news1</re_pri>
+<re_pri>nf15</re_pri>
@@ -14,2 +15,0 @@
-<re_pri>news1</re_pri>
-<re_pri>nf15</re_pri>
@@ -22 +21,0 @@
-<stagr>りょうあし</stagr>
@@ -24 +23 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1553500">両脚・りょうあし</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1553500">両脚</xref>
1. A* 2025-11-07 10:01:53  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
BCCWJ:
｛両足［リョウアシ］｝＝ 612
｛両足［リョウソク］｝＝ 0
｛両足［モロアシ］｝＝ 0

I see もろあし only in Nikkoku, with no non-archaic usage example. Dropping
りょうあし is far above りょうそく in JPDBv2 frequency counts as well. With the latter also not being in smaller kokugos.


Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 両足 │ 518,862 │ 90.7% │
│ 両脚 │  53,370 │  9.3% │
╰─ーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Comments: 
Priority tags need to be removed from りょうそく and put onto りょうあし.

I think sense two should reference to 両脚 since 脚 is the usualy kanji for "leg".
  Diff: 
@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@
+<reb>りょうあし</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
@@ -13,6 +15,0 @@
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>りょうあし</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>もろあし</reb>
@@ -26,0 +24,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1553500">両脚・りょうあし</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1553500">両脚・りょうあし</xref>

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jmdict 1595820 Active (id: 2351832)
擦り傷 [spec2,news2,nf36] ； すり傷； 擦傷 [sK] ； 擦り疵 [sK] ； 擦疵 [sK]
【 すりきず [spec2,news2,nf36] 】
1. [n]
▶ scratch
▶ graze
▶ scrape
▶ abrasion
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2807180 擦れ疵【すれきず】 1. scratch; graze; abrasion



History:
11. A 2025-11-15 17:41:19  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2025-11-15 16:40:54 
  Diff: 
@@ -35 +35 @@
-<gloss>scape</gloss>
+<gloss>scrape</gloss>
9. A 2025-11-07 22:20:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2025-11-07 01:20:33  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
擦り疵	77   - nikk, smk
擦疵	0
  Comments: 
Not vs.
Most of my refs don't mention 擦り疵. I think it can be hidden. We have 疵 as an [rK] form on きず.
Splitting out さっしょう.
  Diff: 
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -17,0 +19 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -20,0 +23 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -28,4 +30,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>さっしょう</reb>
-<re_restr>擦傷</re_restr>
-</r_ele>
@@ -34 +32,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -36,0 +35 @@
+<gloss>scape</gloss>
7. A 2021-09-16 02:04:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
OK. Here it is.
  Diff: 
@@ -14,3 +13,0 @@
-<keb>かすり傷</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
@@ -18,6 +14,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>掠り傷</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>掠傷</keb>
@@ -33,5 +23,0 @@
-<re_restr>擦り傷</re_restr>
-<re_restr>すり傷</re_restr>
-<re_restr>擦傷</re_restr>
-<re_restr>擦り疵</re_restr>
-<re_restr>擦疵</re_restr>
@@ -41,8 +26,0 @@
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>かすりきず</reb>
-<re_restr>擦り傷</re_restr>
-<re_restr>かすり傷</re_restr>
-<re_restr>擦傷</re_restr>
-<re_restr>掠り傷</re_restr>
-<re_restr>掠傷</re_restr>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 1751150 Active (id: 2350851)
精神分析 [news2,nf29]
【 せいしんぶんせき [news2,nf29] 】
1. [n]
▶ psychoanalysis



History:
1. A 2025-11-07 17:23:08  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -16 +15,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>

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jmdict 1764100 Active (id: 2350808)
成人病 [news1,nf12]
【 せいじんびょう [news1,nf12] 】
1. [n] [dated] {medicine}
▶ disease common in middle-aged and elderly people
▶ lifestyle disease
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1996730 生活習慣病 1. lifestyle disease; lifestyle-related disease



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 00:47:30  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
More [dated] than [obs], I think.
  Diff: 
@@ -18,5 +18,3 @@
-<misc>&obs;</misc>
-<gloss>adult disease</gloss>
-<gloss>adult-onset disease</gloss>
-<gloss>lifestyle-related disease</gloss>
-<gloss>lifestyle-related illness</gloss>
+<misc>&dated;</misc>
+<gloss>disease common in middle-aged and elderly people</gloss>
+<gloss>lifestyle disease</gloss>
1. A* 2025-11-06 22:38:23  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 生活習慣病 │ 1,054,393 │ 80.9% │
│ 成人病　　 │   248,264 │ 19.1% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
GG5

Sankoku: 「生活習慣病」の古い言い方。
Meikyo: 長年にわたる生活習慣が発病をうながすことから、現在は「生活習慣病」の語を使う。
Iwakoku + GendaiRK + Koj: 「生活習慣病」の旧称。
References like nanzando also refer to 生活習慣病

etc.
  Diff: 
@@ -16 +16,8 @@
-<gloss>adult diseases</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1996730">生活習慣病</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1996730">生活習慣病</xref>
+<field>&med;</field>
+<misc>&obs;</misc>
+<gloss>adult disease</gloss>
+<gloss>adult-onset disease</gloss>
+<gloss>lifestyle-related disease</gloss>
+<gloss>lifestyle-related illness</gloss>

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jmdict 1781970 Active (id: 2350836)
連続関数； 連続函数 [sK]
【 れんぞくかんすう 】
1. [n] {mathematics}
▶ continuous function



History:
3. A 2025-11-07 12:42:31  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
連続関数	6,200	97.6%	
連続函数	153	2.4%
  Diff: 
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>連続函数</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2016-08-13 12:19:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2016-08-12 21:13:31  Mislav Blažević <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&math;</field>

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jmdict 2218300 Active (id: 2350889)
複塩
【 ふくえん 】
1. [n] {chemistry}
▶ double salt



History:
3. A 2025-11-07 22:19:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2025-11-07 18:53:02 
  Refs: 
研究社　新和英大辞典　第５版
  Comments: 
lacking tag
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&chem;</field>
1. A 2007-10-06 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

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jmdict 2252130 Active (id: 2350826)
連続性
【 れんぞくせい 】
1. [n]
▶ continuity



History:
3. A 2025-11-07 11:42:13  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Indeed.
2. A* 2025-11-07 09:33:11  Sombrero1
  Comments: 
This isn't math specific.
Just saw it in the context of a "continuous membrane" as well.
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<field>&math;</field>
1. A 2008-02-05 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

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jmdict 2298220 Active (id: 2350896)
サーチエンジン最適化
【 サーチエンジンさいてきか 】
1. [n] {Internet}
▶ search engine optimization
▶ SEO
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2839000 検索エンジン最適化 1. search engine optimization; SEO



History:
4. A 2025-11-07 23:04:25  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<field>&comp;</field>
+<field>&internet;</field>
3. A 2019-04-01 15:25:45  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<field>&comp;</field>
2. A 2019-03-31 22:01:07  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
G n-grams:
検索エンジン最適化	172581
サーチエンジン最適化	6345
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<field>&comp;</field>
+<xref type="see" seq="2839000">検索エンジン最適化</xref>
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>SEO</gloss>
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

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jmdict 2298230 Active (id: 2350899)
サーチエンジン対策
【 サーチエンジンたいさく 】
1. [n] {Internet}
▶ search engine optimization
▶ SEO
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2839000 検索エンジン最適化 1. search engine optimization; SEO



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 23:07:01  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
サーチエンジン対策	7,526		
検索エンジン最適化	172,581
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<field>&comp;</field>
+<xref type="see" seq="2839000">検索エンジン最適化</xref>
+<field>&internet;</field>
@@ -13,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>SEO</gloss>
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

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jmdict 2305240 Deleted (id: 2350869)
セションサービス利用者
【 セションサービスりようしゃ 】
1. [n] {computing}
▶ session service user
▶ SS-user



History:
3. D 2025-11-07 21:50:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Yes, both are useless.
2. D* 2025-11-06 20:07:54  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
セションサービス利用者	0		
セッションサービス利用者	0
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

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jmdict 2353010 Deleted (id: 2350932)
検索エンジンポジショニング
【 けんさくエンジンポジショニング 】
1. [n] {computing}
▶ search engine positioning



History:
5. D 2025-11-08 07:09:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. D* 2025-11-07 23:14:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
検索エンジンポジショニング	0
  Comments: 
Most of the web results lead back here.
3. A 2010-07-26 23:47:31  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2010-07-26 19:27:44  Jean-Luc Léger <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -8,1 +8,1 @@
-<reb>けんさくエンンジンポジショニング</reb>
+<reb>けんさくエンジンポジショニング</reb>
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

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jmdict 2353020 Active (id: 2350903)
検索エンジンマーケティング
【 けんさくエンジンマーケティング 】
1. [n] {Internet}
▶ search engine marketing
▶ SEM
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2867832 ＳＥＭ【エス・イー・エム】 1. search engine marketing; SEM
  ⇐ see: 2867831 サーチエンジンマーケティング 1. search engine marketing; SEM



History:
4. A 2025-11-07 23:20:23  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine_marketing
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<field>&comp;</field>
+<field>&internet;</field>
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>SEM</gloss>
3. A 2010-07-26 23:46:57  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
that's an interesting one
2. A* 2010-07-26 19:27:06  Jean-Luc Léger <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -8,1 +8,1 @@
-<reb>けんさくエンンジンマーケティング</reb>
+<reb>けんさくエンジンマーケティング</reb>
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

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jmdict 2353030 Active (id: 2350900)
検索エンジン対策
【 けんさくエンジンたいさく 】
1. [n] {Internet}
▶ search engine optimization
▶ SEO
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2839000 検索エンジン最適化 1. search engine optimization; SEO



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 23:08:19  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
検索エンジン対策	92,071		
検索エンジン最適化	172,581
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<field>&comp;</field>
+<xref type="see" seq="2839000">検索エンジン最適化</xref>
+<field>&internet;</field>
@@ -13,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>SEO</gloss>
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

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jmdict 2362800 Deleted (id: 2350872)
受諾側セションサービス利用者
【 じゅだくがわセションサービスりようしゃ 】
1. [n] {computing}
▶ acceptor
▶ accepting SS user



History:
5. D 2025-11-07 21:58:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. D* 2025-11-06 20:06:24  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
受諾側セションサービス利用者	        0		
受諾側セッションサービス利用者	0
3. A 2016-10-16 11:13:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2016-10-16 08:38:53  luce
  Diff: 
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>じゅだくがわせしょんサービスりようしゃ</reb>
+<reb>じゅだくがわセションサービスりようしゃ</reb>
1. A 2008-05-24 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

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jmdict 2394710 Active (id: 2359398)
無いと [sK]
【 ないと 】
1. [exp] [abbr,col]
《at sentence end; after the -nai stem of a verb or adjective》
▶ have to (do, be)
▶ must (do, be)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2394660 【ないといけない】 1. have to (verb); must (verb)
2. [exp] [abbr,col]
《at sentence end; after the -nai stem of a verb or adjective》
▶ is indispensable
▶ is absolutely necessary
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2394660 【ないといけない】 2. is indispensable; absolutely necessary



History:
13. A 2026-02-03 05:37:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Remove uk tags
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff: 
@@ -16 +15,0 @@
-<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -26 +24,0 @@
-<misc>&uk;</misc>
12. A 2025-11-11 05:12:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
There's another reason for retaining the [uk] tags. In the text-glossing function in WWWJDIC (and possibly other apps), the [uk] tag is used to identify kana-only entries where the kana form is used to assist the parsing of text. If the [uk] is removed from entries where all the kanji forms are tagged as [sK], this function would have to be extended to include this extra analysis.  While not impossible, it's more work just to keep the system going. Easier to leave the [uk] tags as a signal, as they have been for many years.
I'll close this now, leaving the [uk] n place.
11. A* 2025-11-07 10:16:57  Sombrero1
  Comments: 
I get that they are different tagsets.
And frankly I'm not avid for having these [uk] tags removed, but I think for consistency's sake it should be decided whether they stay or not.
Since per the github issue by parfait it seemed to me they would no longer stay.
10. A* 2025-11-05 05:20:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
I see them as independent tagsets. Sure, if all the kanji forms are [sK] then the [uk] is automatic, but the tagging is done on different, albeit related, criteria.
FWIW, in WWWJDIC I drop the [uk] tag when all the kanji forms are [sK].
9. A* 2025-11-04 09:38:20  Sombrero1
  Refs: 
https://github.com/JMdictProject/JMdictIssues/issues/152
  Comments: 
I didn't notice them in the ないといけない entry, I think they should be removed too.
We should stay consistent with the issue solutions, there's really no point in having them if the user doesn't see any kanji forms and the developers manage their end as well.
And if you e.g. search for ないと on sites like jisho it just looks odd, having a note "usually only in kana" with no kanji form visible.
https://four.jisho.org/search?keyword=無いと
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 2543110 Active (id: 2350895)
血の気が引く； 血の気がひく [sK]
【 ちのけがひく 】
1. [exp,v5k]
▶ to go pale
▶ to grow pale
▶ to lose color
▶ to turn white
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2867826 血が引く【ちがひく】 1. to go pale (with fear, etc.); to turn white

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2025-11-07 23:03:57  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
〈血／ち〉の〈気／け〉が〈引／曳／牽／ひ〉いて

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 血の気が引いて │ 13,504 │ 88.3% │
│ 血の気がひいて │  1,756 │ 11.5% │
│ 血のけが引いて │     36 │  0.2% │
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>血の気がひく</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
1. A 2010-05-09 00:00:00 
  Comments: 
Entry created

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jmdict 2602960 Active (id: 2351041)

ドープ
1. [n,vs,vt] {electronics}
▶ doping (a semiconductor)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1087700 ドーピング 2. doping (of a semiconductor)
2. [adj-na] [col]
▶ dope
▶ cool

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2025-11-09 11:47:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1087700">ドーピング・2</xref>
4. A 2025-11-07 04:45:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-11-06 22:21:15  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5, daijr/s
ドープな	        6,311		
ドープなトラック	302			
ドープなビート	266
  Comments: 
Daijr also has "麻薬・マリファナなどの俗称" but I can't find much evidence that it's actually used with that meaning.
  Diff: 
@@ -9,0 +10,7 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<field>&electr;</field>
+<gloss>doping (a semiconductor)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
@@ -11 +18 @@
-<gloss>doping</gloss>
+<gloss>cool</gloss>
2. A 2010-12-23 11:29:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2010-12-23 07:53:12  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
wiki,gg5

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jmdict 2630190 Active (id: 2351247)
春日
【 しゅんじつ 】
1. [n]
▶ spring day
2. [n]
▶ spring sun
▶ spring sunlight



History:
5. A 2025-11-11 06:21:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Very tempted to add a はるひ/はるび entry.
4. A* 2025-11-07 20:44:34  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daij, koj
  Comments: 
はるひ/はるび is archaic. We could split it out into an [arch] entry but it's probably not needed.
  Diff: 
@@ -10,6 +9,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>はるひ</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>はるび</reb>
-</r_ele>
@@ -18,0 +13,4 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>spring sun</gloss>
3. A 2011-05-05 04:06:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2011-05-05 02:33:09  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
koj, daij
  Comments: 
merge
  Diff: 
@@ -10,0 +10,6 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>はるひ</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>はるび</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -13,0 +19,1 @@
+<gloss>spring sunlight</gloss>
1. A* 2011-05-05 02:28:46 

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jmdict 2639840 Active (id: 2350888)
非連続性
【 ひれんぞくせい 】
1. [n]
▶ discontinuity



History:
5. A 2025-11-07 22:14:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2025-11-07 16:45:17  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
I don't think "incoherence" is right.
I don't think the x-ref is needed.
  Diff: 
@@ -12,2 +11,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<xref type="ant" seq="2252130">連続性・れんぞくせい</xref>
@@ -15 +12,0 @@
-<gloss>incoherence</gloss>
3. A 2011-05-29 17:57:37  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2011-05-29 04:03:10  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
Eijiro, Kagaku jiten
  Diff: 
@@ -12,0 +12,2 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<xref type="ant" seq="2252130">連続性・れんぞくせい</xref>
@@ -13,0 +15,1 @@
+<gloss>incoherence</gloss>
1. A* 2011-05-29 01:57:37  Clément DAUMAIL
  Refs: 
http://www.weblio.jp/content/非連続的

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jmdict 2639880 Active (id: 2350908)
非連続
【 ひれんぞく 】
1. [adj-no,n]
▶ discontinuous
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1495400 不連続 1. discontinuous



History:
3. A 2025-11-07 23:37:10  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
n-grams
  Diff: 
@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -12,2 +13,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1495400">不連続・ふれんぞく・1</xref>
-<gloss>discontinuity</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1495400">不連続・1</xref>
+<gloss>discontinuous</gloss>
2. A 2011-05-29 16:49:29  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-05-29 04:02:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5

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jmdict 2641220 Active (id: 2350887)
精神分析医
【 せいしんぶんせきい 】
1. [n]
▶ (medically qualified) psychoanalyst



History:
4. A 2025-11-07 22:13:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-11-07 17:46:03  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
I don't think "psychiatrist" is right. Psychiatry (a branch of medicine) and psychoanalysis are separate fields. A psychiatrist does not necessarily practice psychoanalysis.
  Diff: 
@@ -12,2 +12 @@
-<gloss>psychiatrist</gloss>
-<gloss>medically-qualified psychoanalyst</gloss>
+<gloss>(medically qualified) psychoanalyst</gloss>
2. A 2011-06-09 01:54:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5, etc.
http://depression.about.com/cs/psychotherapy/f/psychologist.htm
  Comments: 
Changed to psychiatrist, as it means a medically qualified person.
  Diff: 
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>psychoanalyst</gloss>
-<gloss>psychologist</gloss>
+<gloss>psychiatrist</gloss>
+<gloss>medically-qualified psychoanalyst</gloss>
1. A* 2011-06-09 01:37:23 
  Refs: 
ルミナス和英辞典, GG2, Eijiro

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jmdict 2807170 Active (id: 2350816)
かすれ傷； 掠れ傷； 擦れ傷
【 かすれきず 】
1. [n] [rare]
▶ scratch
▶ graze
▶ scrape
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2850490 かすり傷 1. scratch; graze; scrape



History:
5. A 2025-11-07 01:34:59  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Not in the JEs.
  Diff: 
@@ -18 +18,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2850490">擦り傷・かすりきず・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2850490">かすり傷・1</xref>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
@@ -21 +22 @@
-<gloss>abrasion</gloss>
+<gloss>scrape</gloss>
4. A* 2025-11-06 17:37:17  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
掠れ傷	0	0.0%
かすれ傷	370	100.0%
  Comments: 
Same hiragana logic with the xref.
And 擦れ傷　is usually going to be すれ傷 and remains a last choice.
  Diff: 
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>かすれ傷</keb>
+</k_ele>
3. A 2021-09-16 02:05:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2850490">擦り傷・かすりきず</xref>
2. A 2014-02-08 23:14:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2014-02-08 19:51:20  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
koj, daijr, daijs

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jmdict 2812540 Active (id: 2350909)
Ｇｏｏｇｌｅ力； グーグル力
【 グーグルりょく 】
1. [n] [col]
▶ Google-fu
▶ skill in using search engines



History:
4. A 2025-11-07 23:40:00  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
I think this is clearer.
  Diff: 
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<gloss>search engine skills</gloss>
+<gloss>skill in using search engines</gloss>
3. A 2014-03-30 00:11:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Google-fu
  Comments: 
Worth it for "Google-fu" (new to me). At first sight I'd take グーグル力 to mean the "power of Google" rather than "search engine skills".
2. A* 2014-03-29 21:12:05  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
the japanese seems kinda A+B to me
1. A* 2014-03-29 05:54:10  Marcus Richert
  Refs: 
19k+1k g
10k+2k b
ngrams
_
グーグル力	94 
(it won't parse romaji)
http://pb-times.jp/P_524d0e3845596
http://d.hatena.ne.jp/tt_clown/20100204/1265249208
  Comments: 
Not super common, but maybe worth having.

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jmdict 2818430 Active (id: 2358903)

であれば； でれば [sk]
1. [exp,conj]
▶ if it is (the case that ...)



History:
5. A 2026-01-28 23:33:39  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>if it is the case that ...</gloss>
+<gloss>if it is (the case that ...)</gloss>
4. A 2025-11-07 22:12:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
であれば	11979724	98.8%
でれば	151386	1.2%
  Comments: 
なるほど.
  Diff: 
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
3. A* 2025-11-07 21:31:43 
  Comments: 
ただの脱字じゃ？
2. A 2014-06-05 13:13:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5 (many examples of であれば, none of でれば), Ngrams.
  Comments: 
Meaning seems the same, so we can probably combine them.
  Diff: 
@@ -3,0 +4,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>であれば</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -8 +11,2 @@
-<pos>&aux;</pos>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
1. A* 2014-06-05 05:07:58  Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
Similar to なら and ならば.
Presumably a contracted form of であれば.
http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/であれば
http://www.weblio.jp/content/であれば
.
Examples: 
- 最後に、カシミアのセーターの件も、手に入るようでれば教えてください。
- 現状以上の発展が見込めないのでれば、統合には反対しません。
- 歯科医院が苦手なお子さんで、治療が不安なようでれば当院は本人の気持ちを最優先にし、すぐに治療をはじめません。
- グアムのホテルに立地の便利さを望むのでれば、やはりリーフホテルの方がおすすめなのです。
- 駒野を責めない優しさがあるのでれば、旦那さんにもそうしてあげてください。

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jmdict 2839000 Active (id: 2350897)
検索エンジン最適化
【 けんさくエンジンさいてきか 】
1. [n] {Internet}
▶ search engine optimization
▶ SEO
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2298220 サーチエンジン最適化【サーチエンジンさいてきか】 1. search engine optimization; SEO
  ⇐ see: 2839001 ＳＥＯ【エス・イー・オー】 1. search engine optimization; SEO
  ⇐ see: 2298230 サーチエンジン対策【サーチエンジンたいさく】 1. search engine optimization; SEO
  ⇐ see: 2353030 検索エンジン対策【けんさくエンジンたいさく】 1. search engine optimization; SEO



History:
4. A 2025-11-07 23:04:39  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<field>&comp;</field>
-<gloss>search engine optimization (optimisation)</gloss>
+<field>&internet;</field>
+<gloss>search engine optimization</gloss>
3. A 2019-04-01 15:25:29  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&comp;</field>
2. A 2019-03-31 21:59:00  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2019-03-31 10:25:45  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daijs, wiki

検索エンジン最適化	172581

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jmdict 2839001 Active (id: 2350898)
ＳＥＯ
【 エス・イー・オー； エスイーオー [sk] 】
1. [n] {Internet}
▶ search engine optimization
▶ SEO
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2839000 検索エンジン最適化 1. search engine optimization; SEO



History:
5. A 2025-11-07 23:04:59  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -17,2 +17,2 @@
-<field>&comp;</field>
-<gloss>search engine optimization (optimisation)</gloss>
+<field>&internet;</field>
+<gloss>search engine optimization</gloss>
4. A 2023-03-16 05:14:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Reformat initialsms
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff: 
@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@
+<reb>エス・イー・オー</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
3. A 2019-04-01 15:25:57  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<field>&comp;</field>
2. A 2019-03-31 21:59:23  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2839000">検索エンジン最適化</xref>
1. A* 2019-03-31 10:27:14  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daijs, chiezo, etc.

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jmdict 2850490 Active (id: 2350810)
かすり傷； 掠り傷； 擦り傷； 掠傷 [sK] ； 擦傷 [sK]
【 かすりきず 】
1. [n]
▶ scratch
▶ graze
▶ scrape
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2807170 かすれ傷【かすれきず】 1. scratch; graze; scrape
2. [n]
▶ minor damage



History:
3. A 2025-11-07 01:07:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5, prog, wisdom, daijs
  Diff: 
@@ -11,3 +10,0 @@
-<keb>掠傷</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
@@ -16,0 +14,4 @@
+<keb>掠傷</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -17,0 +19 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -26 +28,5 @@
-<gloss>abrasion</gloss>
+<gloss>scrape</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>minor damage</gloss>
2. A* 2025-11-06 17:36:35  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
掠り傷	2120	5.1%
かすり傷	39274	94.9%


https://kotobank.jp/word/掠り傷-462806
かすり‐きず【×掠り傷】
１ 物が皮膚をかすってできる軽い傷。擦過傷さっかしょう。
２ わずかな被害。

https://kotobank.jp/word/掠傷-2022251#w-1915821
かすり‐きず【掠傷】
Chatgpt:
Bottom line:
If you’re writing normally (without furigana), always use かすり傷 in hiragana.
If you really want to use kanji, 掠り傷 is the correct one for かすりきず — but expect it to feel slightly literary or formal.

擦り傷 — usually read as すりきず, not かすりきず.
→ So if you write 擦り傷 but intend かすりきず, that’s misleading.
→ Readers will almost always default to すりきず unless you provide furigana.
  Comments: 
Encountered in manga as かすり傷. 
擦り傷 dominates ngrams, but this is usually すりきず, not this term. 掠る is かする, and appears to be the "correct" choice (if formal & non-joyo) if you insist on kanji.

macOS was a bit of a mess for me, but android gives かすり傷, then 掠り傷, and doesn't offer 擦 at all. (MacOS gives 擦 as an option).

We can also remove the xref. The kanji is somewhat less ambiguous than we were presenting it.
  Diff: 
@@ -5,3 +4,0 @@
-<keb>擦り傷</keb>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
@@ -9,3 +5,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>擦傷</keb>
@@ -18,0 +13,6 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>擦り傷</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>擦傷</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -24 +23,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1595820">擦り傷・すりきず</xref>
1. A 2021-09-16 02:05:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
擦り傷	207216
かすり傷	39274
擦傷	11042
掠り傷	2120
掠傷	< 20 - in Nikkoku
  Comments: 
Split proposed for 1595820. See comments there.

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jmdict 2851480 Active (id: 2350901)
検索サイト
【 けんさくサイト 】
1. [n] {Internet}
▶ search engine (website)



History:
4. A 2025-11-07 23:09:09  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<field>&internet;</field>
3. A 2021-11-09 12:09:04  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>search engine</gloss>
+<gloss>search engine (website)</gloss>
2. A 2021-11-08 05:26:37  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daijr gg5
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>search site</gloss>
+<gloss>search engine</gloss>
1. A* 2021-11-08 01:38:36  solo_han
  Refs: 
https://kotobank.jp/word/検索サイト-491949
  Comments: 
インターネット上で公開されている膨大なウェブサイトの中から、利用者が見つけたい内容を含むページを探すためのウェブサイト

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jmdict 2860872 Active (id: 2350907)
横断検索
【 おうだんけんさく 】
1. [n,vs,vt] {computing}
▶ federated search
▶ cross-database search
▶ multi-database search
▶ searching multiple databases at once with a single query
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2867823 串刺し検索【くしざしけんさく】 1. federated search; cross-database search; multi-database search; searching multiple databases at once with a single query

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2025-11-07 23:34:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Aligning. KOD has "cross-searching" but it's not commonly used.
  Diff: 
@@ -15,3 +15,4 @@
-<gloss>cross-searching</gloss>
-<gloss>cross-search</gloss>
-<gloss>searching multiple databases at once</gloss>
+<gloss>federated search</gloss>
+<gloss>cross-database search</gloss>
+<gloss>multi-database search</gloss>
+<gloss>searching multiple databases at once with a single query</gloss>
2. A 2024-04-07 20:41:12  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
ＫＯＤ追加語彙
https://kotobank.jp/word/横断検索-1702320
  Diff: 
@@ -12,2 +12,6 @@
-<field>&internet;</field>
-<gloss>metasearch</gloss>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<field>&comp;</field>
+<gloss>cross-searching</gloss>
+<gloss>cross-search</gloss>
+<gloss>searching multiple databases at once</gloss>
1. A* 2024-04-07 05:38:16 

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jmdict 2864532 Active (id: 2350910)
ＳＥＳ
【 エス・イー・エス； エスイーエス [sk] 】
1. [n]
▶ search engine specialist
▶ SES
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2864533 サーチエンジンスペシャリスト 1. search engine specialist; SES
2. [n] {computing}
▶ systems engineering service
▶ SES
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2864540 システムエンジニアリングサービス 1. systems engineering service; SES



History:
5. A 2025-11-07 23:43:15  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@
+<reb>エス・イー・エス</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -19 +23,2 @@
-<gloss>system engineering service</gloss>
+<field>&comp;</field>
+<gloss>systems engineering service</gloss>
4. A 2025-02-27 01:07:42  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2025-02-26 23:31:02 
  Diff: 
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2864533">サーチエンジンスペシャリスト</xref>
@@ -16,0 +18 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2864540">システムエンジニアリングサービス</xref>
2. A 2025-02-26 22:36:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
Daijisen
  Diff: 
@@ -14,0 +15,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>system engineering service</gloss>
+<gloss>SES</gloss>
+</sense>
1. A* 2025-02-26 13:28:46 
  Refs: 
daij

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jmdict 2864540 Active (id: 2350913)

システムエンジニアリングサービス； システム・エンジニアリング・サービス
1. [n]
▶ systems engineering service
▶ SES
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2864532 ＳＥＳ【エス・イー・エス】 2. systems engineering service; SES



History:
3. A 2025-11-07 23:48:25  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff: 
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>system engineering service</gloss>
+<gloss>systems engineering service</gloss>
2. A 2025-02-27 01:07:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-02-26 23:30:44 
  Refs: 
daijs

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jmdict 2867803 Active (id: 2350809)
耐食性； 耐蝕性
【 たいしょくせい 】
1. [n]
▶ corrosion resistance
▶ erosion resistance
▶ resistance to corrosion



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 00:59:33  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5
  Diff: 
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<gloss>resistance to corrosion</gloss>
1. A* 2025-11-06 04:25:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
耐食性	82896
耐蝕性	17025
GG5, Eijiro, etc.
  Comments: 
Most common compound of 耐食.

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jmdict 2867811 Active (id: 2350892)
峠バトル
【 とうげバトル 】
1. [n]
▶ mountain-pass street race



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 22:22:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
峠バトル	1410
1. A* 2025-11-06 20:49:30  Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>

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jmdict 2867815 Active (id: 2350891)
擦傷
【 さっしょう 】
1. [n]
▶ abrasion
▶ chafe
▶ graze



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 22:20:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 01:30:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5
  Comments: 
Split from 1595820.

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jmdict 2867816 Active (id: 2350863)
独占販売権
【 どくせんはんばいけん 】
1. [n]
▶ exclusive distribution rights
▶ exclusive sales rights
▶ exclusive marketing rights



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 20:21:25  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
RP, eij
  Diff: 
@@ -12,2 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>exclusive rights to market</gloss>
-<gloss>monopoly of selling rights</gloss>
+<gloss>exclusive distribution rights</gloss>
+<gloss>exclusive sales rights</gloss>
+<gloss>exclusive marketing rights</gloss>
1. A* 2025-11-07 01:33:29  Nicolas Maia
  Refs: 
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/独占販売権
  Comments: 
独占販売権	9374

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jmdict 2867817 Active (id: 2350840)
ＮＳＣ
【 エヌ・エス・シー； エヌエスシー [sk] 】
1. [n]
▶ National Security Council
▶ NSC
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2847542 国家安全保障会議 1. National Security Council
2. [n]
▶ Nuclear Safety Commission
▶ NSC
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1992050 原子力安全委員会 1. Nuclear Safety Commission



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 16:27:34  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5, daijr/s
1. A* 2025-11-07 03:30:44 
  Refs: 
https://kotobank.jp/word/nsc-3145194

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jmdict 2867818 Active (id: 2350855)

プレイアブルキャラクター； プレイアブル・キャラクター
1. [n]
▶ playable character (in a video game or role-playing game)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2748370 プレイヤーキャラクター 1. player character (in a video game or role-playing game); playable character; PC



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 18:01:42  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Daijs, jawiki and other Japanese online sources treat プレイアブルキャラクター and プレーヤーキャラクター as synonymous. English Wikipedia also says "Some games, such as multiplayer online battle arena, hero shooter, and fighting games, offer a group of player characters for the player to choose from, allowing the player to control one of them at a time."
  Diff: 
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>プレイアブル・キャラクター</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -9,2 +12,2 @@
-<field>&vidg;</field>
-<gloss>playable character</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2748370">プレイヤーキャラクター</xref>
+<gloss>playable character (in a video game or role-playing game)</gloss>
1. A* 2025-11-07 06:05:10 
  Refs: 
プレイアブルキャラクター	922	3.2%
プレイヤーキャラクター	28025	96.6%
プレイヤキャラクター	69	0.2%

saw in a tweet
アニメ『ダンジョンに出会いを求めるのは間違っているだろうかⅤ』との初コラボ開催が決定！
ベル / アイズ / ヘスティアなどの人気キャラクターがプレイアブルキャラクターとして登場！
  Comments: 
I saw the player character entries here and wiki treat the "player..." and "playable..." as synonyms but I disagree with that, PC is usually "the PC" and wouldn't be uses to refer to one of several playable characters

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jmdict 2867819 Active (id: 2350845)

マネジメントバイアウト； マネジメント・バイアウト； マネージメントバイアウト [sk]
1. [n] {finance}
▶ management buyout
▶ MBO
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2867820 ＭＢＯ【エム・ビー・オー】 2. management buyout; MBO



History:
4. A 2025-11-07 16:40:45  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Just noticed that GG5 has the マネージメント form.
3. A 2025-11-07 16:34:34  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments: 
Nakaguro versions of sk forms aren't typically needed.
  Diff: 
@@ -12,4 +11,0 @@
-<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>マネージメント・バイアウト</reb>
2. A 2025-11-07 16:33:50  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
RP
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/マネジメント・バイアウト
  Comments: 
I don't see it in GG5.
  Diff: 
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<field>&finc;</field>
1. A* 2025-11-07 11:43:48 
  Refs: 
gg5, koj, daij

マネジメントバイアウト	948	29.5%
マネージメントバイアウト	99	3.1%
マネジメント・バイアウト	2162	67.4%
マネージメント・バイアウト	0	0.0%

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jmdict 2867820 Active (id: 2350844)
ＭＢＯ
【 エム・ビー・オー； エムビーオー [sk] 】
1. [n] {business}
▶ management by objectives
▶ MBO
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1535660 目標管理 1. management by objectives; MBO
2. [n] {finance}
▶ management buyout
▶ MBO
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2867819 マネジメントバイアウト 1. management buyout; MBO



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 16:40:03  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daijr/s, KOD追加語彙
  Diff: 
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<field>&bus;</field>
@@ -22,0 +24 @@
+<field>&finc;</field>
1. A* 2025-11-07 11:44:06 
  Refs: 
https://kotobank.jp/word/mbo-3145462

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jmdict 2867821 Active (id: 2350871)
不連続性
【 ふれんぞくせい 】
1. [n]
▶ discontinuity



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 21:58:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
KOD
1. A* 2025-11-07 12:39:17  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
eij, RP
不連続性	8,896		
非連続性	2,959	- in jmdict

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jmdict 2867822 Active (id: 2350841)
臨時首都
【 りんじしゅと 】
1. [n]
▶ temporary capital
▶ provisional capital



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 16:30:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
KOD追加語彙
1. A* 2025-11-07 16:12:15 
  Refs: 
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/臨時首都

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporary_capital

https://news.nifty.com/article/world/china/12181-4660464/

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jmdict 2867823 Active (id: 2350885)
串刺し検索； 串刺検索 [sK]
【 くしざしけんさく 】
1. [n,vs,vt] {computing}
▶ federated search
▶ cross-database search
▶ multi-database search
▶ searching multiple databases at once with a single query
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2860872 横断検索 1. federated search; cross-database search; multi-database search; searching multiple databases at once with a single query

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2025-11-07 22:09:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 16:24:20  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5, daijs, reverso
串刺し検索	4,405		
串刺検索	        112		
横断検索	        182,324

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jmdict 2867824 Active (id: 2350884)
目標による管理
【 もくひょうによるかんり 】
1. [exp,n] {business}
▶ management by objectives
▶ MBO
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1535660 目標管理 1. management by objectives; MBO



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 22:09:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 16:44:16  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
jawiki, RP, eij
目標による管理	3,665		
目標管理	        97,860

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jmdict 2867825 Active (id: 2350881)

プレイアブル
1. [adj-na]
▶ playable (character, demo, etc.)



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 22:08:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 16:50:41  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daijr
プレイアブル	12,073			
プレイアブルで	2,315		
プレイアブルな	1,292

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jmdict 2867826 Active (id: 2350893)
血が引く； 血がひく [sK]
【 ちがひく 】
1. [exp,v5k]
▶ to go pale (with fear, etc.)
▶ to turn white
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2543110 血の気が引く 1. to go pale; to grow pale; to lose color; to turn white

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2025-11-07 23:02:16  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
〈血／ち〉が〈引／曳／牽／ひ〉いて

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 血が引いて │ 1,285 │ 83.9% │
│ 血がひいて │   205 │ 13.4% │
│ ちが引いて │    42 │  2.7% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>血がひく</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2025-11-07 19:57:51  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
血が引く	        885		
血が引い	        1,721		
血の気が引く	12,667
  Diff: 
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>to go pale (out of surprise, fear, nervousness)</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2543110">血の気が引く</xref>
+<gloss>to go pale (with fear, etc.)</gloss>
1. A* 2025-11-07 17:53:04 
  Refs: 
https://kotowaza.jitenon.jp/kotowaza/4744.php
https://kotobank.jp/word/血が引く-564864

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jmdict 2867827 Active (id: 2350873)
外傷後ストレス障害
【 がいしょうごストレスしょうがい 】
1. [n] {medicine}
▶ post-traumatic stress disorder
▶ PTSD
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2237760 心的外傷後ストレス障害 1. post-traumatic stress disorder; PTSD



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 21:58:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 18:05:13  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5, koj, RP

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jmdict 2867828 Active (id: 2350883)
販売権
【 はんばいけん 】
1. [n]
▶ sales rights
▶ distribution rights
▶ marketing rights



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 22:09:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 20:24:20  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5, eij, RP
販売権	67,150

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jmdict 2867829 Active (id: 2350880)

ソバージュ； ソヴァージュ
1. [n] Source lang: fre "sauvage"
▶ wild wavy hair
▶ "sauvage" hairdo



History:
3. A 2025-11-07 22:07:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
GG5: a “sauvage” hairdo; wild wavy hair.
中辞典: a “sauvage” hairdo
  Comments: 
Don't need that much detail.
  Diff: 
@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss>natural-looking hairstyle with long hair in slight curls achieved with perm</gloss>
+<gloss>wild wavy hair</gloss>
+<gloss>"sauvage" hairdo</gloss>
2. A* 2025-11-07 21:59:34  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
ソ（ー）〈バ／ヴァ〉（ー）ジュ（ー）

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ ソバージュ　 │ 23,811 │ 96.7% │ - sankoku, daijr, etc.
│ ソヴァージュ │    802 │  3.3% │ - shinsen
╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Diff: 
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ソヴァージュ</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -8,0 +12 @@
+<lsource xml:lang="fre">sauvage</lsource>
1. A* 2025-11-07 20:51:21 
  Refs: 
daijs
  Comments: 
the part near the top/scalp is not made curly, but the rest is

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jmdict 2867830 Active (id: 2350878)

フルチャトビウム
1. [n] {chemistry}
▶ kurchatovium



History:
2. A 2025-11-07 22:02:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 21:09:34 
  Refs: 
研究社　新和英大辞典　第５版

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jmdict 2867831 Active (id: 2351004)

サーチエンジンマーケティング； サーチエンジン・マーケティング
1. [n] {Internet}
▶ search engine marketing
▶ SEM
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2353020 検索エンジンマーケティング 1. search engine marketing; SEM



History:
2. A 2025-11-09 05:56:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 23:24:08  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daijs, jawiki
  Comments: 
Too new for the n-grams. 検索エンジンマーケティング gets more web hits.

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jmdict 2867832 Active (id: 2350996)
ＳＥＭ
【 エス・イー・エム； エスイーエム [sk] 】
1. [n] {Internet}
▶ search engine marketing
▶ SEM
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2353020 検索エンジンマーケティング 1. search engine marketing; SEM



History:
2. A 2025-11-09 05:51:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 23:25:38  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daijr/s

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jmdict 2867833 Active (id: 2350995)
ＳＥＭ
【 セム； エス・イー・エム； エスイーエム [sk] 】
1. [n]
▶ scanning electron microscope
▶ SEM
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2860565 走査型電子顕微鏡 1. scanning electron microscope; SEM



History:
2. A 2025-11-09 05:50:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 23:30:40  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
daijr/s, 化学辞典

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jmdict 2867834 Active (id: 2350960)
システム工学
【 システムこうがく 】
1. [n]
▶ systems engineering
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1060360 システムエンジニアリング 1. systems engineering



History:
2. A 2025-11-08 19:35:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2025-11-07 23:47:47  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs: 
gg5, daij, koj
システム工学	        44,935		
システムエンジニアリング	18,435

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JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.