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| 1. |
[adv,adv-to]
[on-mim]
▶ throwing up ▶ vomiting |
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| 2. |
[adv,adv-to]
[on-mim]
▶ croaking (of a frog) ▶ ribbit ribbit |
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| 3. |
[int]
▶ gross! ▶ yuck! |
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| 4. | A 2025-11-21 00:58:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 3. | A* 2025-11-20 23:13:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, daij, meikyo |
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| Comments: | See comments on 1048240. |
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| Diff: | @@ -10,0 +11,14 @@ +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> +<gloss>throwing up</gloss> +<gloss>vomiting</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> +<gloss>croaking (of a frog)</gloss> +<gloss>ribbit ribbit</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> @@ -12,3 +26,2 @@ -<misc>&sl;</misc> -<gloss>that's gross!</gloss> -<gloss>disgusting!</gloss> +<gloss>gross!</gloss> +<gloss>yuck!</gloss> |
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| 2. | A 2019-09-16 09:48:26 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | I think this is better. |
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| Diff: | @@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ゲロゲロ</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -8 +11 @@ -<pos>&exp;</pos> +<pos>∫</pos> @@ -10 +13 @@ -<gloss>grosses me out!</gloss> +<gloss>that's gross!</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2019-09-16 05:50:53 Opencooper | |
| Comments: | Changing from a request (haha) to an expression |
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| Diff: | @@ -10 +10 @@ -<gloss>gross me out!</gloss> +<gloss>grosses me out!</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ crawl (swimming) ▶ front crawl ▶ forward crawl |
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| 2. |
[n,vs,vt]
{Internet}
▶ (web) crawling |
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| 7. | A 2025-11-20 23:20:00 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Diff: | @@ -17,2 +17,3 @@ -<field>∁</field> -<gloss>web crawling</gloss> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<field>&internet;</field> +<gloss>(web) crawling</gloss> |
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| 6. | A 2025-11-20 00:30:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | This needs to be in its own entry as it's from a different source. I have added it. |
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| Diff: | @@ -19,8 +18,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="1178750">塩素</xref> -<field>&med;</field> -<lsource xml:lang="ger">Chlor</lsource> -<gloss>chlorine (Cl)</gloss> -<gloss>serum chloride</gloss> |
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| 5. | A* 2025-11-19 05:02:04 Asahi Lina <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://kotobank.jp/word/くろーる-3150465 https://www.falco.co.jp/rinsyo/detail/060083.html Common term in standard blood tests |
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| Diff: | @@ -18,0 +19,8 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1178750">塩素</xref> +<field>&med;</field> +<lsource xml:lang="ger">Chlor</lsource> +<gloss>chlorine (Cl)</gloss> +<gloss>serum chloride</gloss> |
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| 4. | A 2018-09-10 21:01:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 3. | A* 2018-09-10 13:06:37 | |
| Diff: | @@ -10 +10 @@ -<gloss>crawl</gloss> +<gloss>crawl (swimming)</gloss> |
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| (show/hide 2 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[adv,adv-to]
[on-mim]
▶ croaking (of a frog) ▶ ribbit ribbit
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| 2. |
[adv,vs]
[col,on-mim]
▶ with a robotic-sounding auto-tune effect (of vocals) |
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| 7. | A 2025-11-21 00:56:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Yes |
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| 6. | A* 2025-11-20 23:12:18 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | As K. Birch said, sense 2 is only ケロケロ. I suggest dropping ゲロゲロ from here and adding a croaking sense to our ゲロゲロ "vomiting" entry. The kokugos have them in one entry. I don't think ゲコゲコ should be hidden. It's a completely different form. I'll make a new entry for it. |
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| Diff: | @@ -10,14 +9,0 @@ -<r_ele> -<reb>ゲロゲロ</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>げろげろ</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ゲコゲコ</reb> -<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>げこげこ</reb> -<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> -</r_ele> @@ -28,2 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>croak (sound of a frog)</gloss> -<gloss>ribbit</gloss> +<gloss>croaking (of a frog)</gloss> +<gloss>ribbit ribbit</gloss> @@ -33 +19,2 @@ -<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<misc>&col;</misc> @@ -35,3 +22 @@ -<gloss>robotic-sounding (of vocals)</gloss> -<gloss>auto-tuned</gloss> -<gloss>hard-tuned</gloss> +<gloss>with a robotic-sounding auto-tune effect (of vocals)</gloss> |
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| 5. | A 2025-11-20 05:09:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | ケロケロ 64195 21.3% けろけろ 161045 53.4% ゲロゲロ 44215 14.7% げろげろ 18275 6.1% ゲコゲコ 10768 3.6% げこげこ 2921 1.0% |
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| Diff: | @@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -20,0 +22 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> |
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| 4. | A* 2025-11-15 23:25:16 | |
| Diff: | @@ -26 +26 @@ -<gloss>croak</gloss> +<gloss>croak (sound of a frog)</gloss> @@ -28 +27,0 @@ -<gloss g_type="expl">sound of frogs</gloss> |
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| 3. | A* 2025-11-15 08:02:26 K. Birch <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | The sense "auto-tuned" is in common parlance, and the phrase ケロケロボイス can even be found on the Japanese Wikipedia article for Auto-Tune: https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/オートチューン The term is also explained on a few publications like this: https://utaten.com/live/kero-kero-voice/ |
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| Comments: | The sense of "autotuned" only applies to the spelling ケロケロ. Suggestions for related entries could be ケロケロボイス (auto-tuned voice; hard-tuned vocals; robotic vocal effect; the Cher effect) and ケロる (to sound auto-tuned; to be hard-tuned); the latter of which is often used causatively as ケロらせる (to auto-tune; to hard-tune). |
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| Diff: | @@ -29,0 +30,8 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&adv-to;</pos> +<misc>&on-mim;</misc> +<gloss>robotic-sounding (of vocals)</gloss> +<gloss>auto-tuned</gloss> +<gloss>hard-tuned</gloss> +</sense> |
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| (show/hide 2 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[n]
▶ brainstorming
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| 3. | A 2025-11-20 21:26:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ブレインストーミング |
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| Comments: | ブレーンストーミング appears to be the more common form now. |
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| Diff: | @@ -5 +5 @@ -<reb>ブレーンストーミング</reb> +<reb>ブレインストーミング</reb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>ブレインストーミング</reb> +<reb>ブレーンストーミング</reb> |
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| 2. | A 2014-02-09 18:52:56 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2014-02-09 03:48:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | Daijr (has both), ngrams (almost equal) |
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| Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ブレインストーミング</reb> |
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| 1. |
[v1,vi]
▶ to take the form of (esp. in ref. to a spirit, fox, raccoon dog, etc.) ▶ to assume the shape of ▶ to turn oneself into ▶ to transform oneself into |
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| 2. |
[v1,vi]
▶ to disguise oneself (as) |
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| 3. |
[v1,vi]
▶ to change (into) ▶ to transform ▶ to metamorphose |
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| 4. |
[v1,vi]
▶ to change radically (for the better) ▶ to transform ▶ to improve dramatically and unexpectedly (e.g. of an actor, sportsperson, stock price) ▶ to make a complete turnaround |
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| 7. | A 2025-12-02 11:19:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 6. | A* 2025-11-30 21:26:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, daij, meikyo |
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| Comments: | Amended senses 3 and 4 so that they align more closely with the kokugos. |
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| Diff: | @@ -27 +27 @@ -<gloss>to disguise oneself as</gloss> +<gloss>to disguise oneself (as)</gloss> @@ -32 +32,2 @@ -<gloss>to change radically</gloss> +<gloss>to change (into)</gloss> +<gloss>to transform</gloss> @@ -38 +39,4 @@ -<gloss>to improve unexpectedly and dramatically (esp. of an actor, artist, rikishi, etc.)</gloss> +<gloss>to change radically (for the better)</gloss> +<gloss>to transform</gloss> +<gloss>to improve dramatically and unexpectedly (e.g. of an actor, sportsperson, stock price)</gloss> +<gloss>to make a complete turnaround</gloss> |
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| 5. | A 2025-11-20 03:48:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | きれいに化ける 0 奇麗に化ける 0 |
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| Comments: | It could be sense 3, but it's not exactly common. |
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| 4. | A* 2025-11-18 13:52:06 | |
| Comments: | 化粧できれいに化ける |
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| 3. | A 2012-02-20 04:05:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| (show/hide 2 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[n]
▶ home ▶ household ▶ family ▶ hearth |
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| 11. | A 2025-11-22 23:05:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | There are no strict criteria but we have some guidelines. [adj-no] is inherently problematic, as Sombrero1 showed in his excellent comment. Please see the most recent comment on 南極地方 where I discuss the tag in some detail. Sombrero1 is correct. This is not [adj-no] as we currently use the tag. |
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| 10. | A* 2025-11-20 23:07:25 Sean McBroom <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Then what criteria should determine whether a sense gets an adj-no tag? Is it based on corpus frequency, lexicalization, idiomatic English equivalents, or some other principle? |
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| 9. | A* 2025-11-20 21:40:13 Sombrero1 | |
| Comments: | > There are clearly uses of 家庭の〜, so it works as a の-adj in function. This would imply that every N + の + N construction is adjectival in nature, which isn't the case. の first and foremost indicates genitive case, making it quite a bit more difficult to draw a line in between "[adj-no]" and "not [adj-no]" From what I've seen so far the [adj-no] tag is heavily dependent on the perceived degree of adjectivality, which is then often mirrored by an adjectival translation into English (take 常磐 as an example). While I could see "家庭の" translating as "domestic" in some cases, that seems to be about it. In the ngrams roughly 10% of hits are 家庭の~, which isn't overwhelming. Most collocations in the top100 ngrams don't really seem that adjectival to me. Some of the most common are: 家庭の医学 (also name of a book), a fairly standard genitive N + の + N construction 家庭の事情 (apparently also name of a film), same thing as above 家庭の教育 etc. https://www.edrdg.org/~jwb/cgi-bin/ngramlookup?sent=家庭の&topjuku=on&top100=on Furthermore, NINJAL corpora don't parse 家庭 as a 名詞-普通名詞-形状詞可能, which they do in cases like 空っぽ (coinciding with our tagging). There 家庭 is simply a 名詞-普通名詞-一般 in all instances. IIRC NINJAL uses Unidic as well There is certainly no objective ruling to be made here, at least not on my part, but to me this does not seem like an [adj-no] either. And if there are cases where 家庭の is indeed of adjectival nature (which I don't doubt), it doesn't seem substantial enough to warrant the tag. |
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| 8. | A* 2025-11-20 17:13:24 Sean McBroom <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 家庭のテレビ 12783 Home television (family tv at home, not a genre of tv) |
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| Comments: | There are clearly uses of 家庭の〜, so it works as a の-adj in function. All の-adjs are simply nouns that describe another noun using の. |
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| 7. | A* 2025-11-20 10:48:30 Marcus Richert | |
| Comments: | I disagree with the idea that 家庭の is an adjective. "home" in "home cooking" is not an adjective either. |
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| Diff: | @@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -23,4 +21,0 @@ -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> -<gloss>homemade</gloss> |
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| (show/hide 6 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[adj-no]
▶ taken by mouth ▶ passed into the body via the mouth ▶ oral |
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| 4. | A 2025-11-21 00:59:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 3. | A* 2025-11-20 23:59:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, daij |
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| Diff: | @@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>passed into the body via the mouth</gloss> |
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| 2. | A 2018-10-31 23:49:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2018-10-31 19:46:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, daij |
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| Comments: | "Oral" is a bit vague. |
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| Diff: | @@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -16,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>taken by mouth</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ (wheeled) vehicle ▶ car ▶ (railroad) car ▶ (railway) carriage ▶ rolling stock |
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| 12. | A 2026-01-18 05:23:19 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | Kanjipedia says that 輌 is an itaiji for 輛. |
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| 11. | A* 2026-01-18 03:20:22 | |
| Comments: | 輛 is not kyujitai |
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| Diff: | @@ -16 +16 @@ -<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> |
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| 10. | A 2026-01-18 00:17:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Or rK. |
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| 9. | A* 2026-01-17 18:36:44 parfait8 | |
| Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 車両 │ 6,998,705 │ 87.9% │ │ 車輌 │ 899,096 │ 11.3% │ │ 車輛 │ 64,734 │ 0.8% │ add oK (sankoku, daijr/s, etc.) ╰─ーーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯ |
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| Diff: | @@ -16 +16 @@ -<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> |
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| 8. | A 2025-11-20 00:56:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| (show/hide 7 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[n]
▶ pine needle
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 03:06:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | GG5, 中辞典 松の葉 14588 |
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| Comments: | I agree that the newspaper counts probably came from terms like 松葉杖. |
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| Diff: | @@ -6,2 +5,0 @@ -<ke_pri>news1</ke_pri> -<ke_pri>nf21</ke_pri> @@ -11,2 +8,0 @@ -<re_pri>news1</re_pri> -<re_pri>nf21</re_pri> |
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| 1. | A* 2025-11-19 03:10:19 Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 松葉 354461 松葉杖 129878 <- minus crutches 松葉ガニ 52212 <- minus snow crab 松葉がに 34625 <- minus snow crab 松葉蟹 21670 <- minus snow crab 松葉博雄 19431 <- minus name 松葉かに 16317. <- minus snow crab Total: 80328 , and keep subtracting from here... |
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| Comments: | Recommend administratively dropping all frequency tags. Discussing English translation of Moomin(children's book) with a Japanese person who brought up "Pine Needles" as an interesting English word she found there. Out of the blue she said "松葉" in Japanese is not even such a common word, she wasn't sure her young daughter would recognize it in Japanese. [news1] probably also elevated by names. Such as 松葉貴大 https://www.nikkansports.com/baseball/news/202511030001211.html A news search is not going to return pine needles... |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ natural disaster ▶ natural calamity ▶ act of God |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 06:17:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | I don't think the legal context part is needed. |
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| Diff: | @@ -20 +20 @@ -<gloss>act of God (esp. in legal contexts)</gloss> +<gloss>act of God</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 06:10:36 Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/天災 Natural Disaster: 600 act of God: 29 Natural Calamity: 19 In eijiro: https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q="act+of+god" act of God 神の行為、神業 〔予知・予防が不可能な〕天災、不可抗力 Act of God(英文契約書用語の弁護士による解説) https://www.mkikuchi-law.com/article/16263961.html これは,英文契約書で使用される場合,通常,「天災/不可抗力」という意味で使用されます。 |
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| Comments: | Is Calamity a BrE preference?
I happened to see an anime episode 天災 translated professionally as "an Act of God". Apt. at least in an American insurance context as a disclaimer ("cannot be held responsible for acts of God"). In fact, all of the reverso examples are from insurance translations. Matches the kanji nicely (天).
Wasn't hard to find a Japanese legal website that stuck 天災 and 不可抗力 right next to each other as definitions for "Act of God". (we have "act of God" for 不可抗力). Granted this is an E->J explanation. But you might encounter Japanese contracts translated from English, so maybe still useful :) |
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| Diff: | @@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<gloss>natural disaster</gloss> @@ -19 +20 @@ -<gloss>disaster</gloss> +<gloss>act of God (esp. in legal contexts)</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[adj-f]
▶ annual ▶ yearly |
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| 2. |
[n-suf]
▶ year (e.g. of graduation, joining a company) |
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| 3. |
[n-suf]
《after a number》 ▶ nth year (student, employee, etc.) |
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| 4. | A 2025-11-20 19:51:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 3. | A* 2025-11-20 18:56:32 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | smk:〔順序・けじめを問題とした時の〕その年。「卒業―〔=卒業年度〕」 |
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| Comments: | I think "order by year", which I added in 2020, is actually an unhelpful and confusing gloss. Most of the kokugos define that sense as "年の順序" but it always translates simply as "year". smk's definition is better, in my view. I suggest making "nth year" a separate sense. |
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| Diff: | @@ -21,3 +21,6 @@ -<gloss>year (e.g. of graduation)</gloss> -<gloss>nth year (e.g. student)</gloss> -<gloss>order by year</gloss> +<gloss>year (e.g. of graduation, joining a company)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n-suf;</pos> +<s_inf>after a number</s_inf> +<gloss>nth year (student, employee, etc.)</gloss> |
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| 2. | A 2020-10-27 21:46:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2020-10-27 21:38:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, prog, daij, meikyo |
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| Comments: | I don't think we need more than two senses. Only daijr has a 年度 sense, and the example is 年次予算, which the JEs translate as "annual budget". |
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| Diff: | @@ -15 +15 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-f;</pos> @@ -16,0 +17 @@ +<gloss>yearly</gloss> @@ -19,7 +20,4 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>fiscal year</gloss> -<gloss>school year</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&suf;</pos> -<gloss>year (in some sequence)</gloss> +<pos>&n-suf;</pos> +<gloss>year (e.g. of graduation)</gloss> +<gloss>nth year (e.g. student)</gloss> +<gloss>order by year</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[n]
{medicine}
▶ cerebral anemia ▶ cerebral anaemia
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 19:50:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 10:39:21 Sombrero1 | |
| Refs: | GG5 |
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| Diff: | @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&med;</field> |
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| 1. |
[conj,prt]
《after the attributive form of a verb or adjective, or the particle の》 ▶ while ▶ although ▶ though ▶ but
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| 2. |
[conj]
▶ (but) at the same time ▶ on the other hand ▶ then again ▶ and yet
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| 3. |
[n,adj-no]
[rare]
▶ half the face ▶ profile |
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| 4. |
[n,adj-no]
[rare]
▶ one side ▶ a half ▶ the other side ▶ the reverse ▶ the contrary ▶ the opposite |
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| 5. |
[n,adj-no]
[rare]
▶ half the surface (of) |
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| 15. | A 2025-12-21 07:29:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | OK |
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| 14. | A* 2025-11-30 21:41:50 Sombrero1 | |
| Refs: | https://massif.la/ja/search?q=半面 https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/半面 Since it kind of got overshadowed before, I'm gonna put the BCCWJ data here once more: "(4)BCCWJ (Counts in brackets are for 反面): 半面 has 250 counts in total (1069) Sense one: {〘活用形=連体形〙}{半面}= 58 (456) {〘活用形=連体形〙}{半面}{、}= 45 (314) Sense two: {、}{半面}= 21 (117) {、}{半面}{、}= 7 (68) {。}{半面}= 72 (100) {。}{半面}{、}= 63 (62) {〘品詞=連体詞〙}{半面}= 42 (212) Note that there may be a few missing for the counts with commas, as some of the sentences used , instead of 、. That's 157 (45 + 7 + 63 + 42) out of 250 hits for conjunctive usage (I didn't use the counts for{。}{半面}and{、}{半面}on purpose, as they could technically include false hits for noun usage). That makes 62.8% of total usage. Based on that I put the conjunctive senses first, as in the 反面 entry." . |
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| Comments: | Both massif and reverso examples show that the conjunctive usage makes up the largest part of total usage. In case it hasn't been noted yet, the BCCWJ data also supports this. I get that it's currently only sankoku explicitly marking these senses, but I believe they're on the right track here. Them also being treated as basically the same grammatical constructs in Brian's Waseda grammar textbook could technically serve as another reference here too. I think if these two senses were to not lead, we also couldn't reasonably have these [rare] tags on the other senses. Since it's really a comparative rarity and not an absolute one. And less stark than with 反面 at that. |
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| 13. | A* 2025-11-29 11:16:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 12. | A 2025-11-29 11:16:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | I've been concerned about those proposed first two senses. After all, they're not in most references. I've come round to accepting them, although I'd be more comfortable if they didn't lead. I'll approve and leave open for a while. |
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| 11. | A* 2025-11-27 19:35:08 Sombrero1 | |
| Comments: | No worries, I figured that something along those lines had happened. >So my [2] was the previous [2]. I only meant to say that the grammatical usage was far more common than all of these [rare] noun senses, and this term is not itself [rare]. Right now it looks like it is. Thanks >So, yes, to be clear, my belief is that the grammatical senses of 反面 should be all be copy/pasted straight into this entry with xrefs (maybe just one way, from here to there). They should probably be the leading senses. Good, that's what I had proposed as well. I didn't think the usage of conjunctive 半面 vs 反面 was marginal enough to be reduced to a hidden form and a note in 反面. I've put the two senses from my edit back and left Jims additions from the previous edit in place. >And who knows, we might even decide there is a subtle nuance meriting slight deviation in the glosses. If not today, maybe tomorrow. I actually had something like this in mind when I put "(but) at the same time" first in sense two. It's quite the minor change, but why not. If this is approved, the incoming xref from 半顔 will need to be aligned. And 半面 + the note would need to be removed from 反面. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -15,0 +16,21 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&conj;</pos> +<pos>&prt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1481000">反面・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1481000">反面・1</xref> +<s_inf>after the attributive form of a verb or adjective, or the particle の</s_inf> +<gloss>while</gloss> +<gloss>although</gloss> +<gloss>though</gloss> +<gloss>but</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&conj;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1481000">反面・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1481000">反面・2</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1006940">その半面</xref> +<gloss>(but) at the same time</gloss> +<gloss>on the other hand</gloss> +<gloss>then again</gloss> +<gloss>and yet</gloss> +</sense> |
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| (show/hide 10 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[v5m,vi]
▶ to fall ill |
|
| 2. |
[v5m,vt]
▶ to suffer from (e.g. a disease) ▶ to have something wrong with (e.g. an inner organ) |
|
| 3. |
[v5m,vt]
[col]
▶ to be depressed ▶ to feel down ▶ to have mental health issues |
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| 7. | A 2025-11-25 03:59:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Seems OK. Perhaps [col] rather than [sl]. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -30,2 +30 @@ -<misc>&sl;</misc> -<gloss>to have mental health issues</gloss> +<misc>&col;</misc> @@ -33,0 +33 @@ +<gloss>to have mental health issues</gloss> |
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| 6. | A* 2025-11-20 20:33:48 K. Birch <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | In common parlance, the 3rd meaning is arguably the most common when used in isolation (metaphorical "illness of the heart/mind" rather than literal sickness.) A Google search for 病んでる shows articles like this (the first article notes the modern usage of 病む): https://sanyokai-clinic.com/kokoro/4139/ https://uruoi-clinic.jp/mental-column/mental-clinic/how-to-deal-with-mental-illness/ Entries already exist that are derived from sense 3: ヤンデレ (病んでる+デレデレ、mentally ill while also madly in love) and 病み垢 (social media account where someone dumps their negative feelings). |
|
| Comments: | Both used to describe genuine mental health issues (often depression), but also in a hyperbolic way of "I'm feeling down." |
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| Diff: | @@ -25,0 +26,8 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5m;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&sl;</misc> +<gloss>to have mental health issues</gloss> +<gloss>to be depressed</gloss> +<gloss>to feel down</gloss> |
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| 5. | A 2024-02-11 17:16:44 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 疚む https://www.kanjipedia.jp/kotoba/0001388500 >> 病気になる。ながわずらいをする。「大病を―む」 No counts for 疚む (incl. inflected forms) in the google corpus. Kyoto/Melbourne N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーー─┬───╮ │ 疚む │ 1 │ ╰─ーー─┴───╯ |
|
| Comments: | Not sure 疚む is worth adding, but I'll leave this info here. |
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| 4. | A 2019-02-20 22:21:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 3. | A* 2019-02-20 13:58:58 Johan Råde <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5 koj daijs |
|
| Comments: | maybe clearer if we split into a [vi] and a [vt] sense (koj splits this way) |
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| Diff: | @@ -18,0 +19,4 @@ +<gloss>to fall ill</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5m;</pos> @@ -20,3 +24,2 @@ -<gloss>to fall ill</gloss> -<gloss>to suffer from</gloss> -<gloss>to have something wrong with</gloss> +<gloss>to suffer from (e.g. a disease)</gloss> +<gloss>to have something wrong with (e.g. an inner organ)</gloss> |
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| (show/hide 2 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[n]
[uk]
▶ silver vine (Actinidia polygama) ▶ cat powder
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| 11. | A 2025-11-23 05:27:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 10. | A* 2025-11-22 22:28:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/マタタビ >> 漢方では木天蓼(もくてんりょう)という。 https://www.babakanpou.co.jp/contents/minkan/matatabi.html >> 生薬名"木天蓼(もくてんりょう)" |
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| Comments: | The もくてんりょう reading is used in 漢方. It needs to be split out anyway as [uk] only applies to またたび. |
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| Diff: | @@ -15,4 +14,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>もくてんりょう</reb> -<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf> |
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| 9. | A 2025-11-20 00:52:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 8. | A* 2025-11-19 19:36:29 Sombrero1 | |
| Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 木天蓼 │ 5,556 │ 1.4% │[rK] │ またたび │ 281,883 │ 68.6% │ │ マタタビ │ 123,317 │ 30.0% │moving up │ もくてんりょう │ 443 │ 0.1% │ ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯ またたび is 熟字訓 for 木天蓼 . |
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| Comments: | I think もくてんりょう should get [rk]. I can't see it anywhere apart from the quoted jawiki article. |
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| Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -9,3 +10 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>もくてんりょう</reb> +<re_inf>&gikun;</re_inf> @@ -15,0 +15,4 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>もくてんりょう</reb> +<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf> |
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| 7. | A 2020-07-31 06:28:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinidia_polygama |
|
| Comments: | I agree - it's straying into encyclopedia territory. The JEs don't mention it. |
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| Diff: | @@ -20 +19,0 @@ -<s_inf>causes euphoria in cats, akin to catnip</s_inf> |
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| (show/hide 6 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[n]
▶ faculty of science and engineering ▶ college of science and engineering ▶ school of science and engineering |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 02:53:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 02:45:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://www.chuo-u.ac.jp/connect/aboutus/faculty/science/ https://www.agnes.aoyama.ac.jp/ https://www.dendai.ac.jp/en/undergraduate/scienceandengineering.html |
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| Diff: | @@ -16 +16,3 @@ -<gloss>department of science and engineering</gloss> +<gloss>faculty of science and engineering</gloss> +<gloss>college of science and engineering</gloss> +<gloss>school of science and engineering</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ falsetto |
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| 5. | A 2025-11-23 07:24:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | All the references I have checked have 裏声 associated with the term "falsetto" in English. The only exception is Eijiro, which has "falsetto●falsetto voice●head voice". I do not regard the two terms as having the same meaning. I was tempted to have "head voice" as a separate sense, with an xref to 頭声, but I don't think the case is strong enough. |
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| Diff: | @@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<gloss>head voice</gloss> |
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| 4. | A* 2025-11-20 21:02:44 K. Birch <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | A previous comment noted that the term 頭声 exists as a literal equivalent to "head voice," but this is a pedogogical term used to mirror Western operatic terminology. 裏声 is the most common, understood word in spoken Japanese, and it is used loosely in a way that covers both the concepts of head voice and falsetto. It's also noteworthy that in English, the usage of the term "head voice" is not consistent either, as acknowledged by the very start of its Wikipedia article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_voice Including "head voice" as another definition should be fine; having both shows the vagueness of the term. |
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| Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>head voice</gloss> |
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| 3. | A 2024-09-15 20:12:09 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | *calque |
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| 2. | A 2024-09-15 20:08:47 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | "Head voice" exists in Japanese as 頭声, a claque of "Kopfstimme" from German according to kojien. None of my refs mention 頭声 in their definitions for 裏声. |
|
| Comments: | Please offer a few words of explanation and/or relevant quotes from the article when using links as references. |
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| Diff: | @@ -14,4 +13,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&n;</pos> -<gloss>head voice</gloss> -</sense> |
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| 1. | A* 2024-09-15 17:34:41 | |
| Refs: | https://utaten.com/karaoke/falset/ |
|
| Diff: | @@ -13,0 +14,4 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>head voice</gloss> +</sense> |
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| 1. |
[n,vs,vt,vi]
▶ (enactment of) legislation ▶ lawmaking |
|
| 2. |
[adj-f]
▶ legislative |
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| 4. | A 2025-11-20 00:51:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | GG5 |
|
| Diff: | @@ -21 +21 @@ -<gloss>legislation (i.e. the process of making laws)</gloss> +<gloss>(enactment of) legislation</gloss> |
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| 3. | A* 2025-11-19 03:49:29 Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://context.reverso.net/translation/japanese-english/立法 legislative 1420 legislation 851 law-making 18 lawmaking 11 legislating 5 立法 669684 立法の 66051 立法府 58491 立法措置 27132 立法院 22185 立法権 18544 立法者 16575 立法機関 15911 立法趣旨 13827 立法委員 11702 立法措置を 9516 立法論 8670 立法政策 8058 立法過程 7211 立法例 6395 立法審査 5860 Chatgpt: 立法府 legislative body 立法措置 legislative measures 立法権 legislative power / authority 立法機関 legislative body / organ 立法趣旨 legislative intent / purpose 立法論 theory of legislation / legislative theory 立法政策 legislative policy 立法過程 legislative process 立法例 legislative example / statutory example “Legislative” works; could also use “statutory” in legal texts. 立法審査 legislative review 立法委員 legislator / legislative committee member |
|
| Comments: | Compare with 法律 = legislation = laws Open to other ideas. Reverso shows "legislation" is the best gloss(after "legislative"...), and "lawmaking" is hardly ever used. However the primary meaning of "legislation" is as an uncountable noun for "laws". Putting it next to "lawmaking" does not erase that. It would be nice to remove the ambiguity. (I just recently botched this myself). |
|
| Diff: | @@ -21 +21 @@ -<gloss>legislation</gloss> +<gloss>legislation (i.e. the process of making laws)</gloss> @@ -22,0 +23,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adj-f;</pos> +<gloss>legislative</gloss> |
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| 2. | A 2023-10-09 07:49:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | It's a general term, not one tied to the legal profession. The xrefs are not appropriate. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -21,6 +20,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1300280">三権</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1282010">行政・1</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1306680">司法</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1306680">司法</xref> -<xref type="see" seq="1306680">司法</xref> -<field>&law;</field> |
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| 1. | A* 2023-10-08 05:05:14 Shabadaba Doo <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 三省堂国語辞典 第八版 新明解国語辞典 第八版 |
|
| Comments: | Frequently contrasted to the other branches, adj-no doesn't seem appropriate and added vt and vi. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -19 +19,7 @@ -<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1300280">三権</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1282010">行政</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1282010">行政・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1306680">司法</xref> +<field>&law;</field> |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ one's natural voice ▶ one's normal speaking voice |
|
| 2. |
[n]
▶ chest voice ▶ modal voice |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-22 22:07:40 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | daijr: 技巧的な発声をしない自然の声。 daijs: 音楽で、裏声に対して、自然な発声法で出す声。 |
|
| Comments: | Daijr/s also have it. |
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| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 19:56:47 K. Birch <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/地声 The Wikipedia article 地声 discusses this 2nd musical sense of "chest voice". |
|
| Comments: | Coordinate term is 裏声 (falsetto / head voice). |
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| Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13,6 @@ +<gloss>one's normal speaking voice</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>chest voice</gloss> +<gloss>modal voice</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[adv]
▶ unconsciously ▶ without knowing it ▶ unwittingly ▶ unawares |
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| 5. | A 2025-11-22 21:57:06 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, prog |
|
| Comments: | I think it's OK as an rK form. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -26,0 +27 @@ +<gloss>without knowing it</gloss> |
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| 4. | A* 2025-11-20 21:53:43 Sombrero1 | |
| Refs: | Based purely on references しらずしらず seems to be more common for 不知不識. That said, 不知不識 itself is not common and I thus wasn't able to source any examples with confirmed readings (a shame that yourei.jp is gone). 不知不識(しらずしらず): Nikkoku, Shinsen, Saito, Oukoku, Iwakoku, GendaiRK, Koj 不知不識(ふちふしき): Daijs, Nikkoku Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────┬───────╮ │ 不知不識 │ 371 │ 93.9% │ │ 不識不知 │ 24 │ 6.1% │add; [sK] ╰─ーーーー─┴─────┴───────╯ Nikkoku even has just these two for しらずしらず Smk: もとは「{不知}{不識}」と書いて、返り読みをした。 . |
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| Comments: | Based on that I don't think 不知不識 should be dropped. At the minimum it should be included as an [sK], though I don't see the harm in having it as an [rK] as it meets the threshold. |
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| Diff: | @@ -10,0 +11,8 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>不知不識</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>不識不知</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> |
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| 3. | A* 2025-11-20 03:52:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Since 不知不識/ふちふしき is a separate entry, with an xref to here, I think it can be dropped as a kanji form. It's at best a wierd gikun use of しらずしらず. |
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| Diff: | @@ -10,4 +9,0 @@ -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>不知不識</keb> |
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| 2. | A* 2025-11-18 18:15:46 GM <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 知らず知らず 345,792 97.6% 知らず識らず 1,560 0.4% -rK (daijs) 不知不識 371 0.1% -rK (oukoku) しらずしらず 6,605 1.9% |
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| Comments: | I think we can drop the [yoji]. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -12,0 +14 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> @@ -20 +21,0 @@ -<misc>&yoji;</misc> |
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| 1. | A 2022-08-10 08:09:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Adding yoji tags based on gakken, shinmeikai and-or jitenon -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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| Diff: | @@ -19,0 +20 @@ +<misc>&yoji;</misc> |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ faculty of law ▶ school of law ▶ college of law |
|
| 3. | A 2025-11-20 20:04:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Diff: | @@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>faculty of law</gloss> @@ -15 +16 @@ -<gloss>faculty of law</gloss> +<gloss>college of law</gloss> |
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| 2. | A 2024-06-01 20:43:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2024-06-01 18:37:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, reverso |
|
| Diff: | @@ -14,2 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>law department</gloss> -<gloss>law school</gloss> +<gloss>school of law</gloss> +<gloss>faculty of law</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ being heard (by others) ▶ being overheard ▶ being leaked (of plans, secrets, etc.) |
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| 2. |
[n]
▶ going in one ear and out the other |
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| 6. | A 2025-11-24 22:34:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 5. | A* 2025-11-24 19:29:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, prog, daij |
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| Comments: | I don't like "being compromised". |
|
| Diff: | @@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>being heard (by others)</gloss> @@ -17,2 +18 @@ -<gloss>being leaked (e.g. secrets)</gloss> -<gloss>being compromised</gloss> +<gloss>being leaked (of plans, secrets, etc.)</gloss> |
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| 4. | A 2025-11-20 00:49:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Hardly needed. |
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| 3. | A* 2025-11-19 04:49:35 | |
| Diff: | @@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<gloss>being compromised</gloss> |
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| 2. | A 2012-05-07 02:15:26 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...> | |
| (show/hide 1 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[n]
▶ faculty of letters ▶ college of letters ▶ school of humanities |
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| 5. | A 2025-11-20 20:50:39 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | English n-grams |
|
| Diff: | @@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>faculty of humanities</gloss> +<gloss>college of letters</gloss> +<gloss>school of humanities</gloss> |
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| 4. | A 2025-11-20 00:49:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 3. | A* 2025-11-19 12:29:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/文学部 nikk: 大学で文学系(哲学・歴史学・文芸学・社会学など)の学問を専攻する学部。 https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/facultyofletters.html https://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/about/profile/faculty/faculties-and-graduate/faculty-of-letters-graduate-school-of-letters |
|
| Comments: | GG5 has "department of literature" but 文学部 is not limited to literature. In Japanese universities, it's typically rendered as "Faculty of Letters". |
|
| Diff: | @@ -12,2 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>department of literature</gloss> -<gloss>school of humanities</gloss> +<gloss>faculty of letters</gloss> +<gloss>faculty of humanities</gloss> |
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| 2. | A 2024-05-31 20:30:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2024-05-31 19:46:59 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, chujiten, jawiki, nikk |
|
| Diff: | @@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>department (faculty) of literature</gloss> +<gloss>department of literature</gloss> +<gloss>school of humanities</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ faculty of liberal arts ▶ college of liberal arts |
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| 3. | A 2025-11-20 21:00:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | reverso |
|
| Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>college of liberal arts</gloss> |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 00:48:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-19 19:35:12 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | prog, luminous https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/教養学部 https://arts.kyy.saitama-u.ac.jp/ |
|
| Comments: | GG5 treats 教養学部 and 教養部 as synonyms but they're different. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>college of general education</gloss> +<gloss>faculty of liberal arts</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[n]
[hist]
▶ general education division (at Japanese universities; phased out after the 1991 reforms) ▶ department of general eduction ▶ college of general education |
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| 4. | A 2025-11-20 19:50:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 3. | A* 2025-11-20 10:50:20 | |
| Diff: | @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<misc>&hist;</misc> |
|
| 2. | A 2025-11-20 00:47:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-19 21:07:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/教養部 |
|
| Comments: | Responsible for first and second-year general-education courses until they were abolished in the 90s and 2000s. Many universities used "College of General Education" for the English name. Also referred to as a "division" or "department". It wasn't a 学部 (faculty/school). |
|
| Diff: | @@ -12,2 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>college of liberal arts (general education)</gloss> -<gloss>liberal arts school</gloss> +<gloss>general education division (at Japanese universities; phased out after the 1991 reforms)</gloss> +<gloss>department of general eduction</gloss> +<gloss>college of general education</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ faculty of agriculture ▶ school of agriculture ▶ department of agriculture |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 02:53:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 01:53:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | reverso |
|
| Diff: | @@ -15,0 +16,2 @@ +<gloss>faculty of agriculture</gloss> +<gloss>school of agriculture</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[v5s,vt]
▶ to wake (someone) up ▶ to awaken ▶ to rouse |
|
| 2. |
[v5s,vt]
▶ to rouse (emotions, instincts, etc.) ▶ to arouse ▶ to awaken ▶ to stir |
|
| 5. | A 2026-01-29 20:25:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 4. | A* 2026-01-29 19:17:17 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | I don't think this is [form] as we currently use it. No tag in meikyo or smk. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<misc>&form;</misc> @@ -18,0 +18 @@ +<gloss>to awaken</gloss> @@ -24,3 +24 @@ -<misc>&form;</misc> -<gloss>to stir up (e.g. someone's conscience)</gloss> -<gloss>to evoke</gloss> +<gloss>to rouse (emotions, instincts, etc.)</gloss> @@ -27,0 +26,2 @@ +<gloss>to awaken</gloss> +<gloss>to stir</gloss> |
|
| 3. | A 2025-11-20 00:47:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Trimming. I think those extensions don't really add much. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -19,2 +19 @@ -<gloss>to rouse (from sleep)</gloss> -<gloss>to awaken (someone)</gloss> +<gloss>to rouse</gloss> @@ -27 +26 @@ -<gloss>to evoke (e.g. a feeling)</gloss> +<gloss>to evoke</gloss> |
|
| 2. | A* 2025-11-19 16:58:19 Sombrero1 | |
| Refs: | Sankoku, GG5, Luminous Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 目覚ます │ 1,472 │ 95.1% │ │ 目覚す │ 76 │ 4.9% │Smk, daijr, saito; add; [sK] ╰─ーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ |
|
| Diff: | @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>目覚す</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -12 +16,13 @@ -<gloss>to wake up</gloss> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&form;</misc> +<gloss>to wake (someone) up</gloss> +<gloss>to rouse (from sleep)</gloss> +<gloss>to awaken (someone)</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5s;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<misc>&form;</misc> +<gloss>to stir up (e.g. someone's conscience)</gloss> +<gloss>to evoke (e.g. a feeling)</gloss> +<gloss>to arouse</gloss> |
|
| 1. | A 2004-08-05 00:00:00 | |
| Comments: | Entry created |
|
| 1. |
[n]
▶ chewing gum
|
|||||
| 8. | A 2025-11-20 02:54:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 7. | A* 2025-11-20 01:48:57 Joe Murray | |
| Refs: | チューイングガム 9996 18.0% - adding this チューインガム 44517 80.3% チュウインガム 931 1.7% |
|
| Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<reb>チューイングガム</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>チューイング・ガム</reb> |
|
| 6. | A 2023-08-31 01:48:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| 5. | A* 2023-08-30 23:47:52 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ チューインガム │ 44,517 │ 97.6% │ │ チューイン・ガム │ 143 │ 0.3% │ │ チュウインガム │ 931 │ 2.0% │ - sk │ チュウイン・ガム │ 0 │ 0.0% │ ╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ |
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| Diff: | @@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>チュウインガム</reb> +<reb>チューイン・ガム</reb> @@ -11 +11,2 @@ -<reb>チューイン・ガム</reb> +<reb>チュウインガム</reb> +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> |
|
| 4. | A 2013-05-11 09:01:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update. -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
|
| Diff: | @@ -10,0 +10,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>チューイン・ガム</reb> +</r_ele> |
|
| (show/hide 3 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[n,adj-f]
▶ culture ▶ arts and sciences |
|
| 5. | D 2025-11-20 05:05:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Yes, I can see it doesn't really have an independent existence as a term. |
|
| 4. | A* 2025-11-20 03:50:57 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | I was questioning the value of this entry. I'm not sure it's needed. |
|
| 3. | A 2025-11-20 02:55:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 2. | A* 2025-11-20 01:36:41 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 総合文化 97,906 総合文化は 29 総合文化が 0 総合文化の 256 総合文化に 0 総合文化を 61 --- 総合文化センター 27,970 総合文化会館 9,933 総合文化研究 9,850 総合文化研究科 9,599 総合文化学科 6,284 総合文化施設 2,410 |
|
| Comments: | This is used almost exclusively in compounds and names of academic departments and institutions. Some universities have a 総合文化学科, which is variously translated as "department of arts and science", "department of integrated cultural studies" and "department of intercultural studies", etc. Not really comfortable with it as any entry. I'm not sure it's even a lexical unit. Feels analogous to "national health" in "national health insurance", "national health policy", "national health survey", etc. |
|
| 1. | A 2009-05-24 00:00:00 | |
| Comments: | Entry created |
|
| 1. |
[n]
▶ brainwashing
|
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| 4. | A 2025-11-20 21:42:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | ブレーンウォッシング is in daijr/s but it gets barely any web hits. I think we can hide it. ブレーン is visible on the ブレーン/ブレイン entry. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf> @@ -11,0 +13 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1391030">洗脳</xref> |
|
| 3. | A 2025-11-20 04:36:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Quiet |
|
| 2. | A* 2025-11-18 22:25:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | ブレーンウォッシング 0 0.0% ブレインウォッシング 62 100.0% |
|
| Diff: | @@ -3,0 +4,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ブレインウォッシング</reb> +</r_ele> |
|
| 1. | A 2009-07-17 00:00:00 | |
| Comments: | Entry created |
|
| 1. |
[adj-no]
▶ in the urine |
|
| 4. | A 2025-11-23 15:24:18 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>in urine</gloss> +<gloss>in the urine</gloss> |
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| 3. | A 2025-11-23 07:51:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 2. | A* 2025-11-20 23:35:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Diff: | @@ -11 +10,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -13 +12 @@ -<gloss>urine</gloss> +<gloss>in urine</gloss> |
|
| 1. | A 2010-03-18 00:00:00 | |
| Comments: | Entry created |
|
| 1. |
[adj-no]
▶ in the blood |
|
| 3. | A 2025-11-21 00:58:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 2. | A* 2025-11-20 23:40:34 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, eij, reverso |
|
| Comments: | It does not mean "blood content". |
|
| Diff: | @@ -11,5 +10,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<xref type="see" seq="2532930">血液中</xref> -<gloss>blood content</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> @@ -17,2 +12 @@ -<gloss>blood borne</gloss> -<gloss>within the blood</gloss> +<gloss>in the blood</gloss> |
|
| 1. | A 2010-03-18 00:00:00 | |
| Comments: | Entry created |
|
| 1. |
[num]
Source lang:
chi "sì"
▶ four |
|
| 5. | A 2025-11-20 00:42:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Yes, there was a long discussion in 2012 about these Chinese-derived versions. Since they are in several kokugos they should stay here. |
|
| 4. | A* 2025-11-19 16:21:26 Sombrero1 | |
| Refs: | Daijr . |
|
| Comments: | This is not the main entry for 四, see 1579470 for that. Rather it's for the chinese pronounciation, as indicated by the [lsrc] tag. Reverting |
|
| Diff: | @@ -8,4 +8 @@ -<reb>よん</reb> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>し</reb> +<reb>スー</reb> |
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| 3. | A* 2025-11-19 10:35:57 Francis Bond <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | I am not sure when if ever it is pronounced su- |
|
| Diff: | @@ -8 +8,4 @@ -<reb>スー</reb> +<reb>よん</reb> +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>し</reb> |
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| 2. | A 2012-10-01 00:58:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2012-09-27 05:58:12 Marcus | |
| Refs: | See discussion on 1461140. daijs |
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| 1. |
[n]
[abbr]
▶ brainstorming
|
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 21:27:04 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Diff: | @@ -9 +9 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1114720">ブレーンストーミング</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1114720">ブレインストーミング</xref> |
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| 1. | A 2023-09-27 12:46:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Split from 1114780. |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ little person (in folklore and fantasy, e.g. fairy, elf, gnome) ▶ little people ▶ dwarf |
|
| 2. |
[n]
▶ little person (i.e. a person with dwarfism) ▶ dwarf ▶ midget |
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| 11. | A 2025-11-23 22:19:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 10. | A* 2025-11-23 17:23:34 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/小人_(伝説の生物) >> 明治・大正時代以降に幼年向けの童話作品などを通じて日本で一般的になったファンタジー作品の「小人」は、フェアリー・エルフ・ピクシーなどを指したものがほとんどを占めている。[...]「小人」という呼称の使用は商業出版物では新規に用いられることは減っているが、漫画・アニメなどの創作作品で「小人のイメージ」が登場する場合は、おとぎ話の一寸法師イメージを除けば基本的にはフェアリー的な意味合いの「小人のイメージ」が用いられることが主流[要出典]である |
|
| Comments: | I was mistaken. I associate 小人 very strongly with the the dwarfs in Snow White and I'm accustomed to seeing 妖精 used for "fairy" and similar creatures from Western folklore. I think "dwarf" is fine as a gloss but I'll move it down. All the EJs have 小人 for "dwarf" and smk's example for 小人 is「白雪姫と七人の―」. The other small creatures/beings might be better as examples. I'll switch the order of the senses. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -18 +18,2 @@ -<gloss>little person</gloss> +<gloss>little person (in folklore and fantasy, e.g. fairy, elf, gnome)</gloss> +<gloss>little people</gloss> @@ -20 +20,0 @@ -<gloss>midget</gloss> @@ -24,2 +24,3 @@ -<gloss>dwarf (in folklore and fantasy)</gloss> -<gloss>little people</gloss> +<gloss>little person (i.e. a person with dwarfism)</gloss> +<gloss>dwarf</gloss> +<gloss>midget</gloss> |
|
| 9. | A* 2025-11-23 11:00:34 | |
| Refs: | koj: 伝説・物語などに出てくる体の小さい想像上の人間。一寸法師など。 |
|
| Comments: | I don't like dwarf, because it implies a body of certain proportions, and I dare say dwarves tend to be rather tall, but this is about tiny people, maybe 30 cm or less in height, such as https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Poor_little_birdie_teased_by_Richard_Doyle.jpg (found on the wikipedia page for elf) would anybody call issun boushi a dwarf? gnome, elf, leprechaun, sprite, pixie are roughly correct in size at least even if they imply some sort of magical creature. in addition, sense 1 may not be modern, since smaller kokugos such as meikyo choose to omit it |
|
| 8. | A 2025-11-23 05:26:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 7. | A* 2025-11-22 21:47:55 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarfism#Terminology |
|
| Comments: | "little person" is the preferred term for people with dwarfism. Dwarf is sometimes considered offensive. Midget is almost always offensive. I don't think "gnome" are "elf" are typically translated as 小人. I don't think we need "Lilliputian". |
|
| Diff: | @@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<gloss>little person</gloss> @@ -20 +20,0 @@ -<gloss>pygmy</gloss> @@ -24,2 +24 @@ -<gloss>gnome</gloss> -<gloss>elf</gloss> +<gloss>dwarf (in folklore and fantasy)</gloss> @@ -27 +25,0 @@ -<gloss>Lilliputian</gloss> |
|
| (show/hide 6 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[n]
▶ faculty of dentistry ▶ school of dentistry ▶ dental school |
|
| 5. | A 2025-11-20 20:13:00 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Diff: | @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<gloss>faculty of dentistry</gloss> @@ -13 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>faculty of dentistry</gloss> |
|
| 4. | A 2024-06-02 21:38:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 3. | A* 2024-06-02 20:45:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | "department of dentistry" is uncommon. Japanese universities mostly use these names. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<gloss>department of dentistry</gloss> @@ -13,0 +13,2 @@ +<gloss>faculty of dentistry</gloss> +<gloss>dental school</gloss> |
|
| 2. | A 2024-04-10 22:42:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2024-04-10 19:01:14 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, prog, wisdom 歯学部 113,041 |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ faculty of physical education ▶ school of physical education |
|
| 4. | A 2025-11-20 00:39:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 3. | A* 2025-11-19 23:51:53 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | These are the names used by Japanese universities. GG5 has "faculty of physical education" for 体育学部 and "department of physical education" for 体育学科. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>department of physical education</gloss> +<gloss>faculty of physical education</gloss> +<gloss>school of physical education</gloss> |
|
| 2. | A 2024-05-08 20:11:19 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2024-05-07 11:16:19 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | GG5 体育学部 14201 |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ faculty of integrated arts and sciences ▶ school of integrated arts and sciences |
|
| 4. | A 2025-11-20 02:55:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 3. | A* 2025-11-20 02:50:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | The two universities linked below use these names. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>department of integrated arts and sciences</gloss> +<gloss>faculty of integrated arts and sciences</gloss> +<gloss>school of integrated arts and sciences</gloss> |
|
| 2. | A 2024-05-16 23:12:19 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2024-05-10 11:52:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://www.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/souka https://www.ias.tokushima-u.ac.jp/ 総合科学部 17539 |
|
| Comments: | A couple of universities have them. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -1,3 +1,2 @@ -<ent_corp type="jmnedict">jmnedict</ent_corp> -<ent_seq>5566766</ent_seq> +<ent_corp type="jmdict">jmdict</ent_corp> @@ -5 +4 @@ -<keb>徳島大総合科学部</keb> +<keb>総合科学部</keb> @@ -8 +7 @@ -<reb>とくしまだいそうごうかがくぶ</reb> +<reb>そうごうかがくぶ</reb> @@ -11,2 +10,2 @@ -<misc>&place;</misc> -<gloss>Tokushimadaisougoukagakubu</gloss> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>department of integrated arts and sciences</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[n]
{music}
▶ brick-walled waveform |
|
| 4. | A 2025-11-20 05:04:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | I guess so. |
|
| 3. | A* 2025-11-15 08:11:12 K. Birch <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | "Clipped waveform" is a somewhat similar but different concept in audio engineering, and we don't say "nori waveform" in English, so the only correct meaning here that should be kept is "brick-walled waveform". |
|
| Diff: | @@ -13,2 +12,0 @@ -<gloss>clipped waveform</gloss> -<gloss>nori waveform</gloss> |
|
| 2. | A 2024-10-11 05:29:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 0 n-grams. |
|
| Comments: | A bit doubtful. |
|
| Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13,2 @@ +<gloss>clipped waveform</gloss> +<gloss>nori waveform</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2024-09-24 08:17:53 | |
| Refs: | https://www.g200kg.com/jp/docs/dic/norihakei.html 過度に音圧をあげた結果として、波形エディターで見ると、まるで海苔を貼り付けたかのように同じ幅の帯で隙間無くフルに埋め尽くされている波形の事を指す俗語。 https://note.com/masatsumu/n/n20834b7816e9 2mixのデータでリミットをかけて出来る、海苔のような長方形の波形のことをいいます。 https://soundevotee.net/blog/2021/03/25/thimeo-perfectdeclipper-naturaldynamics/ 録音音楽をコンピューターに取り込んでDAWなどで波形を表示した際に波形のギザギザした部分がぺったんこに刈り取られて、全体が四角い「海苔」を彷彿とさせる形状に見えることから呼ばれるアレ。 https://dtm-hyper.com/dict/n.html#a_.E6.B5.B7.E8.8B.94.E6.B3.A2.E5.BD.A2 音圧が非常に高い音源の波形のこと。 |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ eidograph |
|
| 2. | A 2025-11-20 06:14:59 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Rare, but in a couple of refs. |
|
| 1. | A* 2025-11-12 04:16:48 | |
| Refs: | 大辞泉 第二版 |
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| 1. |
[n]
{physics}
▶ reflectivity ▶ reflectiveness |
|
| 2. |
[n]
{physiology}
▶ reflexivity ▶ reflexiveness |
|
| 4. | A 2025-11-20 19:48:30 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Yes, in line with 反射. |
|
| 3. | A* 2025-11-20 10:37:42 Sombrero1 | |
| Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 反射性 │ 15,674 │ 52.0% │ │ 反射性の │ 2,611 │ 8.7% │ │ 反射性交感神経 │ 2,219 │ 7.4% │ │ 反射性交感神経性 │ 1,803 │ 6.0% │ │ 反射性能 │ 1,440 │ 4.8% │ │ 反射性尿 │ 1,262 │ 4.2% │ │ 反射性尿失禁 │ 1,258 │ 4.2% │ │ 反射性を │ 1,072 │ 3.6% │ │ 反射性尿失禁だ │ 1,065 │ 3.5% │ │ 反射性尿失禁だと │ 1,065 │ 3.5% │ │ 反射性に │ 659 │ 2.2% │ ╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯ 日外35万語科学技術用語大辞典 . |
|
| Comments: | I think it should be two senses as in the base entry, with appropriate tagging. 反射性てんかん (反射性癲癇) can't be "reflective epilepsy" |
|
| Diff: | @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<field>&physics;</field> @@ -13,0 +15,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&physiol;</field> @@ -15 +20 @@ -<gloss>reflexiveness.</gloss> +<gloss>reflexiveness</gloss> |
|
| 2. | A 2025-11-20 04:30:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Quiet |
|
| 1. | A* 2025-11-14 19:59:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 反射性 15674 GG5, LSD |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ student enrolled from an affiliated lower-level school |
|
| 2. | A 2025-11-20 03:54:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-17 00:07:04 Joe Murray | |
| Refs: | https://kotobank.jp/word/内部生-668794 daijs 内部生 14032 |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ student enrolled from an unaffiliated lower-level school |
|
| 2. | A 2025-11-20 03:54:35 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-17 00:09:57 Joe Murray | |
| Refs: | https://kotobank.jp/word/外部生-666825#w-666825 外部生 7685 daijs |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ box trap ▶ cage trap |
|
| 2. | A 2025-11-20 02:59:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | KOD 箱罠 672 |
|
| Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<gloss>cage trap</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2025-11-18 04:12:24 Marcus Aseth <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/箱罠 used at 6:35 in the video below https://www.youtube.com/live/Th8vCPmdceU?si=z9qFTgTRqYJzFT0Z&t=395 |
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| 1. |
[exp,n]
▶ brain fog
|
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| 3. | A 2025-11-20 21:21:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Diff: | @@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2868082">ブレインフォグ</xref> |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 03:00:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Diff: | @@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos> |
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| 1. | A* 2025-11-18 09:36:37 | |
| Refs: | daijs: https://kotobank.jp/word/脳の霧-2626959 |
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| 1. |
[n]
[yoji]
▶ prodding the unknown may bring about unnecessary trouble ▶ brushing a patch of grass may startle a snake |
|
| 2. | A 2025-11-20 02:51:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 打草驚蛇 99 |
|
| 1. | A* 2025-11-19 07:24:33 <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/打草驚蛇 https://yoji.jitenon.jp/yojih/3632 |
|
| Comments: | Very similar to 藪を突いて蛇を出す |
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| 1. |
[adj-i]
▶ respectable ▶ ordinary ▶ normal |
|
| 2. | A 2025-11-20 00:35:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 人がましい 213 KOD |
|
| Diff: | @@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>normal</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2025-11-19 08:09:23 | |
| Refs: | https://www.weblio.jp/content/人がましい |
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| 1. |
[exp,v1]
▶ to prove ▶ to establish ▶ to give evidence (for) |
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| 9. | A 2025-11-27 16:12:24 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Oops. Nice catch. |
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| 8. | A* 2025-11-27 16:08:30 | |
| Diff: | @@ -24 +24 @@ -<pos>&v5s;</pos> +<pos>&v1;</pos> |
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| 7. | A 2025-11-25 01:36:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 6. | A* 2025-11-24 23:45:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, chujiten |
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| Diff: | @@ -14,0 +15,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>あかしを立てる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -22 +26,2 @@ -<gloss>to make clear</gloss> +<gloss>to establish</gloss> +<gloss>to give evidence (for)</gloss> |
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| 5. | A 2025-11-23 16:22:52 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 証を立てる │ 1,663 │ 66.7% │ │ 証をたてる │ 299 │ 12.0% │ │ 証しを立てる │ 243 │ 9.7% │ │ あかしを立てる │ 181 │ 7.3% │ │ 証しをたてる │ 61 │ 2.4% │ │ あかしをたてる │ 48 │ 1.9% │ ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯ |
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| Diff: | @@ -7,0 +8,4 @@ +<keb>証をたてる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -8,0 +13 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> |
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| (show/hide 4 older log entries) | ||
| 1. |
[n]
▶ faculty of humanities and sciences ▶ college of arts and sciences ▶ school of arts and sciences |
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| 4. | A 2025-11-20 02:48:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Yes school or college is better. |
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| 3. | A* 2025-11-20 02:36:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://chs.nihon-u.ac.jp/english/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_arts_and_sciences |
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| Comments: | I don't think "department" would typically be used for a broad top-level division like this. I didn't notice that Nihon University actually uses "college". Most Japanese 学部 are called faculties in English. Many American universities have a college/school of arts and sciences, which I think is equivalent to 文理学部. |
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| Diff: | @@ -12 +11,0 @@ -<gloss>department of humanities and sciences</gloss> @@ -13,0 +13,2 @@ +<gloss>college of arts and sciences</gloss> +<gloss>school of arts and sciences</gloss> |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-19 23:31:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | 中辞典 |
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| Comments: | Just making clearer it's the organizational unit; not the staff. |
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| Diff: | @@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<gloss>department of humanities and sciences</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2025-11-19 13:56:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, prog, luminous, wisdom https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/文学部#文理学部 |
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| Comments: | Nihon University is the only Japanese university that still has a 文理学部. |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ internationalism ▶ cosmopolitanism ▶ international character |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 00:31:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-19 17:07:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, chujiten, RP, eij 国際性 48,573 |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ health sciences
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 00:30:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-19 23:37:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | KOD追加語彙, jawiki, eij |
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| 1. |
[n]
Source lang:
ger "Chlor"
▶ chlorine (Cl)
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| 2. |
[n]
{medicine}
▶ chloride (in blood or urine) |
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| 3. | A 2025-11-21 00:55:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | OK |
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| 2. | A* 2025-11-20 23:31:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Not described as a medial term in the kokugos. We could have a second sense. |
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| Diff: | @@ -13 +12,0 @@ -<field>&med;</field> @@ -16 +15,5 @@ -<gloss>serum chloride</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&med;</field> +<gloss>chloride (in blood or urine)</gloss> |
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| 1. | A 2025-11-20 00:29:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Split from 1045560. |
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| 1. |
[n]
{linguistics}
▶ lexical item ▶ lexical unit |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 02:54:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 01:43:12 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, RP, eij, jawiki |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ environmental economics |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 02:54:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 01:44:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, daijr, koj |
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| 1. |
[n,vs]
Source lang:
eng(wasei) "in lock"
▶ locking oneself out of one's car with the keys left inside ▶ car lockout |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 20:04:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://www.zurich.co.jp/car/useful/guide/cc-if-it-is-locked-out/ |
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| Comments: | Seems to be another rare sense about weaving. |
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| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 09:54:19 GM <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | daijr インロック 18,800 インロックして 1,155 インロックした 684 インロックする 65 |
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| Comments: | Saw it on TV. |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ chest voice
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| 2. | A 2025-11-22 21:15:03 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | daijs チェストボイス 450 胸声 2,504 |
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| Diff: | @@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>チェスト・ボイス</reb> +</r_ele> @@ -8,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1607860">胸声</xref> |
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| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 19:59:47 K. Birch <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | An entry already exists for the coordinate term ヘッドボイス. |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ dental medicine ▶ dentistry |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-20 20:19:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 20:15:24 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | gg5, jawiki, eij |
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| 1. |
[n]
▶ health sciences
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| 2. | A 2025-11-21 00:51:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 20:35:52 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | KOD追加語彙 健康学 25,112 健康科学 70,083 |
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| 1. |
[adv,adv-to]
[on-mim]
▶ croaking (of a frog) ▶ ribbit ribbit |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-21 00:56:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 23:17:05 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Split from 1048240. |
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| 1. |
[n]
{music}
▶ pulse |
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| 3. | A 2025-11-21 15:09:51 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse_(music) >> Pulse is related to and distinguished from rhythm (grouping), beats, and meter |
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| Comments: | Related to metre but not the same thing. |
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| Diff: | @@ -14,2 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>meter</gloss> -<gloss>metre</gloss> |
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| 2. | A 2025-11-21 00:54:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Refs: | ルミナス |
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| Diff: | @@ -13,0 +14,2 @@ +<gloss>meter</gloss> +<gloss>metre</gloss> |
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| 1. | A* 2025-11-20 23:32:01 Joe Murray | |
| Refs: | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/拍節 http://kotobank.jp/word/拍節-113736#w-600305 daijs, wiki 拍節 3451 |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushashimoyama Factory |
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| 1. | D 2025-11-20 04:27:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | An actual plant, but the term can be easily parsed. |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushakyūshuu Factory |
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| 2. | D 2025-11-20 04:27:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | An actual plant, but the term can be easily parsed. |
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| 1. | A 2021-08-10 04:02:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | kyuu to kyū conversion -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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| Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Toyotajidoushakyuushuu Factory</gloss> +<gloss>Toyotajidoushakyūshuu Factory</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushakenkyūjo |
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| 2. | D 2025-11-20 04:17:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Does not appear to be the name of a specific place. |
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| 1. | A 2021-08-10 04:02:37 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | kyuu to kyū conversion -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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| Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Toyotajidoushakenkyuujo</gloss> +<gloss>Toyotajidoushakenkyūjo</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushamotomachi Factory |
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| 1. | D 2025-11-20 04:28:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | An actual plant, but the term can be easily parsed. |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidousha Factory |
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| 1. | D 2025-11-20 04:15:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Not a specific place. |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushatakaoka Factory |
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| 1. | D 2025-11-20 04:29:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | An actual plant, but the term can be easily parsed. |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushamiyoshi Factory |
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| 2. | D 2025-11-20 04:26:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | I agree. An actual plant, but the term can be easily parsed. |
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| 1. | D* 2025-11-18 23:44:32 Robin Scott <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | We have 13 Toyota factory entries in jnmedict. I think we can delete all of them. |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushashikenjō |
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| 2. | D 2025-11-20 04:19:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Not a specific place. |
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| 1. | A 2023-05-26 11:00:29 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | Jou/jou fixup -*- via bulkupd.py -*- |
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| Diff: | @@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Toyotajidoushashikenjou</gloss> +<gloss>Toyotajidoushashikenjō</gloss> |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushakamigou Factory |
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| 1. | D 2025-11-20 04:27:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | An actual plant, but the term can be easily parsed. |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushateihou Factory |
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| 1. | D 2025-11-20 04:29:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | An actual plant, but the term can be easily parsed. |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushatsutsumi Factory |
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| 1. | D 2025-11-20 04:28:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | An actual plant, but the term can be easily parsed. |
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| 1. |
[place]
▶ Toyotajidoushahonsha Factory |
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| 1. | D 2025-11-20 04:29:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...> | |
| Comments: | An actual plant, but the term can be easily parsed. |
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