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jmdict 1003560 Active (id: 2319697)
刻々 [rK] 段々 [rK] 刻刻 [rK] 段段 [rK]
ギザギザ (nokanji) [ichi1] ぎざぎざ
1. [n] [on-mim,uk]
▶ notches
▶ serration
▶ indentation
▶ jaggies (stair-step artifacts in computer images)
2. [adj-na,adv,adv-to,vs] [on-mim,uk]
▶ notched
▶ serrated
▶ jagged
▶ corrugated
▶ milled
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2862057 ギザ歯【ぎざば】 1. jagged teeth
  ⇐ see: 2863141 ギザ十【ぎざじゅう】 1. reeded-edge 10 yen coin (minted 1951-1958)

Conjugations


History:
8. A 2024-10-30 20:23:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2024-10-30 01:36:48  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ ぎざぎざ │  35,371 │ 16.4% │
│ ギザギザ │ 180,524 │ 83.6% │ - move up, move [ichi1] tag
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -21 +21,2 @@
-<reb>ぎざぎざ</reb>
+<reb>ギザギザ</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
@@ -25,2 +26 @@
-<reb>ギザギザ</reb>
-<re_nokanji/>
+<reb>ぎざぎざ</reb>
6. A 2022-01-11 09:32:50  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -3,0 +4,8 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>刻々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>段々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
5. A 2022-01-11 08:54:17  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -8,0 +10 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
4. A 2017-06-28 11:29:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmdict 1004840 Active (id: 2324989)

コロコロ [ichi1] ころころころんころんコロンコロン [sk]
1. [adv-to,adv] [on-mim]
▶ lightly rolling (of a small and round thing)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2702070 シロコロ 1. grilled balls of stuffed intestine (esp. at food stalls or yakiniku restaurants)
2. [adv-to,adv] [on-mim]
▶ pleasant, high-pitched sound (e.g. bell, young woman's laughter)
3. [adv-to,adv] [on-mim]
▶ changing frequently (e.g. conversation, plans)
▶ (occurring) in rapid succession (e.g. sumo wrestlers being defeated)
▶ fickly
▶ in a fickle manner
4. [adv-to,adv,vs] [on-mim]
▶ chubby
▶ rounded
5. [adv-to,adv] [on-mim]
▶ chirp chirp (sound of insects)
6. [adv-to,adv] [on-mim]
▶ ribbit ribbit (sound of frogs)
▶ croak croak
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1048240 ケロケロ 1. croak; ribbit; sound of frogs
7. (コロコロ,ころころ only) [n] [on-mim]
▶ roller
▶ lint roller
▶ paint roller

Conjugations


History:
22. A 2024-12-01 23:53:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Hmm, on reflection, I think I'm back agreeing with Marcus.
  Diff:
@@ -59,0 +60,9 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<stagr>コロコロ</stagr>
+<stagr>ころころ</stagr>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
+<gloss>roller</gloss>
+<gloss>lint roller</gloss>
+<gloss>paint roller</gloss>
21. A* 2024-12-01 22:44:30  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
コロコロ	895768	62.2%
ころころ	512867	35.6%
ころんころん	16554	1.1% rk?
コロンコロン	14357	1.0%
  Comments:
Again, I don't think that sense should be split out. If "Apple" were normally written lower case and had become genericized then yes, I think including it in the fruit entry would have made sense.
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
20. A 2024-12-01 20:14:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Splitting off that sense.
  Diff:
@@ -59,9 +58,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<stagr>コロコロ</stagr>
-<stagr>ころころ</stagr>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
-<gloss>roller</gloss>
-<gloss>lint roller</gloss>
-<gloss>paint roller</gloss>
19. A* 2024-11-04 15:18:52  parfait8
  Comments:
removing [vs] and changing sense 4 as i said in my previous comment

i still don't think it makes sense to have sense 7 here just because of shared etymology, esp. as it's a trademark
it's a bit like having "Apple (company)" in a "apple (fruit)" entry and it's even more awkward since it's under many senses and has restrictions
  Diff:
@@ -20 +19,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -27 +25,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -34 +31,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -46 +43,2 @@
-<gloss>roly-poly</gloss>
+<gloss>chubby</gloss>
+<gloss>rounded</gloss>
18. A 2024-10-30 10:32:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'd leave it the way it is. Works OK.
(show/hide 17 older log entries)

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jmdict 1019290 Active (id: 2319684)
アルコール依存症
アルコールいぞんしょうアルコールいそんしょう
1. [n] {medicine}
▶ alcohol dependency
▶ alcoholism



History:
4. A 2024-10-30 14:13:11  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, sankoku: 〘医〙
3. A* 2024-10-30 12:35:38  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<field>&med;</field>
2. A 2022-03-29 06:46:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2022-03-29 02:50:10  Opencooper
  Refs:
kokugos; NHK accent; forvo
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>アルコールいそんしょう</reb>
+</r_ele>

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jmdict 1041350 Active (id: 2320257)

キャスティングボートキャスチングボートキャスティング・ボートキャスチング・ボート
1. [n]
▶ casting vote
2. [n]
▶ balance of power (held by a minority party)



History:
4. A 2024-11-05 04:51:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Metaphor not used in English.
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19,4 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>balance of power (held by a minority party)</gloss>
3. A* 2024-10-30 23:30:27 
  Refs:
wiki & daijs have two senses
https://imidas.jp/idiom/detail/X-05-X-07-8-0002.html
2. A 2013-05-11 07:15:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +13,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>キャスチング・ボート</reb>
+</r_ele>
1. A 2013-05-11 07:15:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +10,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>キャスティング・ボート</reb>
+</r_ele>

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jmdict 1148380 Active (id: 2319611)

ワークショップ [gai1] ワークショプ [sk]
1. [n]
▶ workshop



History:
2. A 2024-10-30 02:20:03  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2024-10-30 02:19:48  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
ワークショップ	2152810	99.9%
ワクショップ	0	0.0% removing
ワークショプ	2977	0.1% adding as sk
  Diff:
@@ -9,2 +9,2 @@
-<reb>ワクショップ</reb>
-<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>
+<reb>ワークショプ</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>

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jmdict 1196620 Active (id: 2319604)
俄然
がぜん
1. [adv]
▶ suddenly
▶ all of a sudden
▶ abruptly
2. [adv] [col]
▶ very
▶ absolutely
▶ by far



History:
3. A 2024-10-30 01:50:19  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Daijs's ト・タル sense is "にわかなさま". The "とても、断然" meaning is only mentioned in a note.
Sankoku has it as a second sense and tags it as 俗. I don't think it should lead.
  Diff:
@@ -17,3 +17,2 @@
-<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
-<pos>&adj-t;</pos>
-<misc>&form;</misc>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
@@ -20,0 +20,2 @@
+<gloss>absolutely</gloss>
+<gloss>by far</gloss>
2. A 2024-10-30 01:32:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
All the JEs just have the suddenly sense. I think Daijisen's other sense, tagged "[文]", should go later.
  Diff:
@@ -12,5 +11,0 @@
-<gloss>very</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&adv;</pos>
-<s_inf>orig. meaning</s_inf>
@@ -19,0 +15,6 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-t;</pos>
+<misc>&form;</misc>
+<gloss>very</gloss>
1. A* 2024-10-29 13:32:52  Nikolai Vavilov <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijisen
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,5 @@
+<gloss>very</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<s_inf>orig. meaning</s_inf>

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jmdict 1205260 Active (id: 2319625)
攪拌撹拌
かくはんこうはん [rk]
1. [n,vs,vt]
▶ agitation
▶ stirring
▶ whipping
▶ beating

Conjugations


History:
10. A 2024-10-30 04:30:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Another test.
  Diff:
@@ -9,4 +8,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>攪はん</keb>
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
9. A 2024-10-30 04:28:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Mazegaki addition (maze3)
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>攪はん</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
8. A 2024-10-30 04:28:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
That was a test. Reversing the edit.
  Diff:
@@ -9,4 +8,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>攪はん</keb>
7. A 2024-10-30 04:26:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Mazegaki addition (maze3)
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>攪はん</keb>
6. A 2024-09-23 15:02:20  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gendai reikai: 「こうはん」が本来の読みで、「かくはん」は慣用読み。
  Comments:
I get the impression that こうはん is probably still used by pedants.
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1229620 Active (id: 2319894)
汲み取りくみ取り酌み取り [rK] 汲取り [sK] 汲取 [sK]
くみとり
1. [n]
▶ dipping up (night soil)
▶ scooping up
2. [n]
▶ understanding
▶ grasping
▶ surmising



History:
3. A 2024-11-02 18:37:42  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, koj
  Diff:
@@ -29,0 +30,6 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>understanding</gloss>
+<gloss>grasping</gloss>
+<gloss>surmising</gloss>
+</sense>
2. A* 2024-10-30 01:07:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
汲み取り	76231	61.1%
汲取り	10762	8.6%
汲取	4896	3.9%
くみ取り	30277	24.3%
酌み取り	2570	2.1% <- Daijisen
酌取り	102	0.1%
  Comments:
Tidying up after mazegaki addition.
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +8,7 @@
+<keb>くみ取り</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>酌み取り</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +16 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -12,3 +19,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>くみ取り</keb>
1. A 2024-10-30 01:00:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Mazegaki addition (maze3)
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13,4 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>くみ取り</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>

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jmdict 1276600 Active (id: 2319578)
口まめ口忠実
くちまめ
1. [adj-na,n] [dated]
▶ talkative
▶ voluble



History:
2. A 2024-10-30 01:17:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2024-10-29 21:44:05  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Sankoku 8: 〔古風〕

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────╮
│ 口忠実  │   0 │
│ 口まめ  │ 244 │ - move up
│ くちまめ │ 179 │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────╯
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>口忠実</keb>
+<keb>口まめ</keb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<keb>口まめ</keb>
+<keb>口忠実</keb>
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<misc>&dated;</misc>

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jmdict 1289170 Active (id: 2321042)
今思うといま思うと [sK] 今おもうと [sK]
いまおもうと
1. [exp]
▶ thinking back now
▶ looking back



History:
5. A 2024-11-12 06:14:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Harmless and possibly useful. I'd leave it.
4. A* 2024-11-02 23:33:52 
  Refs:
今思うと	304257	39.0%
今思えば	475997	61.0%
3. A* 2024-11-02 22:50:49  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think this is needed as an entry. The literal translation "when I think now" is very similar to the idiomatic "thinking about it now". The meaning is obvious.
2. A* 2024-10-30 01:27:03  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>looking back</gloss>
1. A 2024-10-30 01:26:39  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
今思うと 	304257	95.7%
いま思うと	12049	3.8%
今おもうと	1517	0.5%
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,8 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>いま思うと</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>今おもうと</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1293850 Active (id: 2319681)
最高 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
さいこう [ichi1,news1,nf01] サイコー [sk]
1. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
▶ best
▶ supreme
▶ wonderful
▶ finest
Cross references:
  ⇔ ant: 1294220 最低 2. worst
  ⇐ see: 2864596 最&高【さいアンドこう】 1. best; supreme; wonderful; finest
2. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
▶ highest
▶ maximum
▶ most
▶ uppermost
▶ supreme
Cross references:
  ⇔ ant: 1294220 最低 1. least; lowest; minimum
  ⇐ see: 2851620 最幸【さいこう】 1. super happy; wonderful; delightful; awesome
  ⇐ see: 2840492 最の高【さいのこう】 1. awesome; the best



History:
10. A 2024-10-30 12:22:41  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
最高	27482676	97.4%
サイコー	734651	2.6%
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>サイコー</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
9. A 2022-01-26 23:31:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I've adjusted a couple,
8. A* 2021-12-22 20:40:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A 2021-12-22 20:40:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The ~100 sentences are mostly the"best" sense. I'll approve and reopen as I need to index some.
6. A* 2021-12-22 18:44:40  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'm not sure it is the most common sense. As a predicate adjective, definitely, but 最高 is used in all sorts of contexts. Most of the JE examples are for the "highest"/"maximum" sense. To me, it feels more natural to lead with that sense. All the JEs do.
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1294220 Active (id: 2319680)
最低 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
さいてい [ichi1,news1,nf03] サイテー [sk]
1. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
▶ least
▶ lowest
▶ minimum
Cross references:
  ⇔ ant: 1293850 最高 2. highest; maximum; most; uppermost; supreme
2. [adj-no,adj-na]
▶ worst
Cross references:
  ⇔ ant: 1293850 最高 1. best; supreme; wonderful; finest
3. [adj-no,adj-na]
▶ awful
▶ horrible
▶ nasty
▶ disgusting
4. [adv]
▶ at the very least



History:
13. A 2024-10-30 12:16:00  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
最低	6369772	98.6%
サイテー	92404	1.4%
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>サイテー</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
12. A 2022-01-27 11:43:48  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -20 +20 @@
-<xref type="ant" seq="1293850">最高・1</xref>
+<xref type="ant" seq="1293850">最高・2</xref>
@@ -28 +28 @@
-<xref type="ant" seq="1293850">最高・2</xref>
+<xref type="ant" seq="1293850">最高・1</xref>
11. A 2019-06-29 22:24:50  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think that gloss adds anything. No references provided.
  Diff:
@@ -38 +37,0 @@
-<gloss>worst imaginable</gloss>
10. A 2019-06-28 05:48:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
???
  Diff:
@@ -35 +34,0 @@
-<gloss>worst imaginable</gloss>
@@ -38,0 +38 @@
+<gloss>worst imaginable</gloss>
9. A* 2019-06-27 17:25:00 
  Diff:
@@ -34,0 +35 @@
+<gloss>worst imaginable</gloss>
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 1317520 Active (id: 2319970)
自棄 [ichi1] 焼け [rK]
やけ [ichi1] ヤケ (nokanji)
1. [n,adj-na] [uk]
▶ desperation
▶ despair
▶ self-abandonment
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1012770 やけに 1. awfully; frightfully; desperately; violently; unduly; extremely
  ⇐ see: 2110660 自棄っぱち【やけっぱち】 1. complete desperation
  ⇐ see: 1636880 自棄糞【やけくそ】 1. desperation; despair; self-abandonment



History:
11. A 2024-11-03 03:02:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2024-11-02 23:42:23  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
じき needs to be split out as it's not an adjective.
GG5 has "やけの desperate; self-abandoned" but I can't find any evidence of adj-no usage.
I don't think the x-ref is needed.
  Diff:
@@ -17,4 +16,0 @@
-<reb>じき</reb>
-<re_restr>自棄</re_restr>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -26 +21,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -28 +22,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2426820">自棄になる</xref>
9. A 2024-10-30 10:56:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes, 自棄/じき is not uk, but it's hardly worth splitting out. AFAICT it's not that common.
8. A* 2024-10-30 07:24:42  parfait8
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 自棄になって │  9,770 │ 18.9% │
│ 焼けになって │    794 │  1.5% │ add rK (daijr/s, meikyo, kanken, koj) 
│ やけになって │ 21,934 │ 42.5% │
│ ヤケになって │ 19,109 │ 37.0% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
  Comments:
自棄/自棄 is not adjectival, not sure it's [uk] and seems [vs] (daijr, obunsha), maybe should be split out
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
7. A 2019-06-27 23:19:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 1318300 Active (id: 2319725)
自転車をこぐ自転車を漕ぐ
じてんしゃをこぐ
1. [exp,v5g]
▶ to pedal a bicycle
▶ to ride a bicycle
▶ to cycle
▶ to bike

Conjugations


History:
9. A 2024-10-31 03:38:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Can help reverse lookups.
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<gloss>to bike</gloss>
8. A* 2024-10-31 03:23:52  Marcus Richert
  Comments:
Isn't it convenient to have them somewhere for reverse look-ups, if nothing else? "to bike" might be informal but it's very common.
7. A 2024-10-30 10:36:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
"bike" is very informal.
  Diff:
@@ -16,4 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>to pedal a bike</gloss>
-<gloss>to ride a bike</gloss>
-<gloss>to bike</gloss>
-<gloss>to bicycle</gloss>
+<gloss>to pedal a bicycle</gloss>
+<gloss>to ride a bicycle</gloss>
6. A* 2024-10-30 05:44:34  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/bicycle
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@
+<gloss>to bicycle</gloss>
+<gloss>to cycle</gloss>
5. A* 2024-10-30 03:46:34  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<gloss>to ride a bike</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 1318310 Active (id: 2319636)
自転車屋じてんしゃ屋 [sK]
じてんしゃや
1. [n]
▶ bicycle shop
▶ bicycle dealer



History:
1. A 2024-10-30 05:46:08  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
じてんしゃ屋	2586	1.2%
自転車屋	213429	98.8%
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>じてんしゃ屋</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1387990 Active (id: 2324235)
先生 [ichi1,news1,nf02]
せんせい [ichi1,news1,nf02]
1. [n]
▶ teacher
▶ instructor
▶ master
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2841735 先生【せんじょう】 1. teacher; instructor; master
2. [n,n-suf] [hon]
▶ sensei
▶ [expl] title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2841453 先生と言われるほどの馬鹿でなし【せんせいといわれるほどのばかでなし】 1. I don't fall for flattery; (I'm) not so stupid that being called "sensei" (makes me feel good)
3. [n] [fam,joc]
▶ [expl] intimate or teasing form of address
4. [n] [arch]
《orig. meaning》
▶ one's elder



History:
10. A 2024-11-27 06:47:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think it was better as it was before.
  Diff:
@@ -26 +25,0 @@
-<s_inf>title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.</s_inf>
@@ -27,0 +27 @@
+<gloss g_type="expl">title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.</gloss>
9. A* 2024-10-30 04:04:59  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Better as note?
  Diff:
@@ -25,0 +26 @@
+<s_inf>title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.</s_inf>
@@ -27 +27,0 @@
-<gloss g_type="expl">title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.</gloss>
8. A 2020-05-26 00:01:30  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Additionally, in my copy of Geisha in 
Rivalry by Kafū Nagai the "sensei" is 
not capitalized when used as a form of 
address.
7. A 2020-05-26 00:00:01  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I would not be putting a capital letter on it in English. When I was a professor (no capital) people called me "Professor Breen", which is correct. However, we don't put "Professor" (with a capital) in a dictionary entry just because it's (also) used as a title.
6. A* 2020-05-25 19:55:13  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
used as a title or form of address (as per the gloss), it should be capitalized, no?
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1400530 Active (id: 2319714)
漕ぐ [ichi1]
こぐ [ichi1]
1. [v5g,vt] [uk]
▶ to row
▶ to paddle
▶ to scull
▶ to pull (the oars)
2. [v5g,vt] [uk]
▶ to pedal (a bicycle, etc.)
3. [v5g,vt] [uk]
▶ to swing (on a swing)
4. [v5g,vt] [uk]
▶ to work (a hand pump)
5. [v5g,vt] [uk]
▶ to push through (a thicket, deep snow, etc.)

Conjugations


History:
11. A 2024-10-31 00:59:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A* 2024-10-30 11:19:39  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
sense 3 (well 2 as well)
立ちこぎ	16605	58.2%
立ち漕ぎ	11935	41.8%

sense 5
雪をこいで	477	56.8%
雪を漕いで	363	43.2%
 gonna assume sense 4 is uk too. (it's not a separate sense in the kokugos)
  Diff:
@@ -29,0 +30 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -34,0 +36 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -39,0 +42 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
9. A 2024-10-30 11:12:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2024-10-30 06:59:00  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
see 自転車をこぐ

prob safe to tag the remaining senses as uk too?
  Diff:
@@ -23,0 +24 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
7. A 2023-10-16 19:46:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 1468850 Active (id: 2320697)
年少 [news2,nf31]
ねんしょう [news2,nf31]
1. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
▶ young
▶ juvenile
2. [n]
▶ child in the first year of kindergarten



History:
12. A 2024-11-09 06:27:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Closing.
11. A* 2024-11-03 21:24:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
10. A 2024-11-03 21:24:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Maybe this? I'll approve and reopen.
  Diff:
@@ -23 +23 @@
-<gloss>child in first-year class (at a kindergarten or nursery school)</gloss>
+<gloss>child in the first year of kindergarten</gloss>
9. A* 2024-11-03 10:48:15  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
(didn't mean to edit the gloss)
8. A* 2024-11-03 07:52:21  Marcus Richert
  Comments:
When it is used at 保育園, it doesn't refer to a child in a first-year class but a 3-year-old (and I'm not even sure "class" would be the right terminology as 保育園 are not considered educational institutions, unlike 幼稚園). If we want to mention nursery schools I think we nees to gloss it differently, e.g. like daijs' does: 最年少の3歳児。「

mw suggests "kindergarten pupil"
  Diff:
@@ -23 +23 @@
-<gloss>child in the first-year class (at a kindergarten or nursery school)</gloss>
+<gloss>child in first-year class (at a kindergarten or nursery school)</gloss>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)

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jmdict 1469000 Active (id: 2319784)
年中 [ichi1,news1,nf16] 年じゅう
ねんじゅう [ichi1,news1,nf16] ねんちゅう (年中)ねんぢゅう (年中)
1. [n]
▶ whole year
▶ all year round
▶ throughout the year
2. (ねんじゅう,ねんぢゅう only) [adv]
▶ always
▶ all the time
▶ perpetually
3. [n]
▶ during an era
4. (ねんちゅう only) [n]
▶ second-year kindergarten student



History:
11. A 2024-11-01 00:15:08  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
without a mention in the 幼稚園 entry that it's a 3 year system in Japan, the xref is pointless.
  Diff:
@@ -48 +47,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
10. A 2024-10-31 05:52:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9. A* 2024-10-30 11:13:47  Marcus Richert
  Comments:
I think it's better to define sense 4 as a student then as a class. daijs does this: 幼稚園・保育園で、4歳児。
Interesting we had this sense for 年中 but not 年少 or 年長...

The x-ref might help Americans confused by the fact that in the US, kindergarten is just 1 year.
  Diff:
@@ -48 +48,3 @@
-<gloss>middle class (of a nursery school, etc.)</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
+<gloss>second-year kindergarten student</gloss>
8. A 2017-10-29 15:41:28  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Ok, I don't have a problem with keeping it.
Meikyo wasn't one of the refs you listed. I assumed the reading was added in error.
7. A* 2017-10-29 12:59:01  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
my IME also automatically converts ねんぢゅう --> 年中
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 1469030 Active (id: 2319785)
年長 [ichi1,news2,nf28]
ねんちょう [ichi1,news2,nf28]
1. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
▶ senior
▶ older
2. [n]
▶ third-year kindergarten student



History:
5. A 2024-11-01 00:15:15  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
without a mention in the 幼稚園 entry that it's a 3 year system in Japan, the xref is pointless.
  Diff:
@@ -25 +24,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
4. A 2024-10-30 20:16:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -25,0 +26,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
3. A* 2024-10-30 11:09:50  Marcus Richert
  Comments:
The x-ref maybe helps? In the US, kindergarten is just 1-year
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
+<gloss>third-year kindergarten student</gloss>
+</sense>
2. A 2017-02-09 03:03:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2017-02-07 18:11:30  Robin Scott
  Refs:
prog
http://yourei.jp/年長
KM n-grams:
年長な	237
年長の	5074
  Comments:
Adjective glosses make more sense.
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -19 +20,2 @@
-<gloss>seniority</gloss>
+<gloss>senior</gloss>
+<gloss>older</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1475330 Active (id: 2319612)
白鳥 [ichi1,news1,nf15]
はくちょう [ichi1,news1,nf15] ハクチョウ (nokanji)
1. [n]
▶ swan (Cygnus spp.)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2842972 鵠【こく】 1. swan
  ⇐ see: 2803260 鵠【くぐい】 1. swan
  ⇐ see: 2863129 白鳥【しらとり】 2. swan
2. [n]
▶ white bird



History:
14. A 2024-10-30 03:19:14  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think this is cleaner. Dropping ハクチョウ wouldn't be consistent with our usual style for animal entries.
Daijr and smk have the "white bird" sense for はくちょう.
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23,4 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>white bird</gloss>
13. A* 2024-10-28 06:52:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
12. A 2024-10-28 06:52:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc. Daijisen
  Comments:
I'll go along with the split. I'll approve and reopen.
  Diff:
@@ -17,7 +16,0 @@
-<reb>しらとり</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>しろとり</reb>
-<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -30,4 +22,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>white-feathered bird</gloss>
11. A* 2024-10-26 02:30:40  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ ハクチョウの雛  │   453 │ 11.6% │
│ 白鳥の雛     │ 3,455 │ 88.4% │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤
│ ハクチョウが飛来 │   645 │  7.8% │
│ 白鳥が飛来    │ 7,618 │ 92.2% │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤
│ ハクチョウの飛来 │   615 │  8.1% │
│ 白鳥の飛来    │ 6,948 │ 91.9% │
╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Comments:
In that case, my vote would be to just hide ハクチョウ.
10. A* 2024-10-26 01:55:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
For aesthetic reasons, I'd support splitting out しらとり/しろとり. I'm not fond of this sort of merge when there are [nokanji] readings.
I don't think "cygnet" is needed as a gloss. We don't have "puppy" for 犬.
  Diff:
@@ -30 +29,0 @@
-<gloss>cygnet</gloss>
(show/hide 9 older log entries)

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jmdict 1507570 Active (id: 2319973)
平素 [news2,nf36]
へいそ [news2,nf36]
1. [adj-no,n]
▶ usual
▶ ordinary
▶ normal
▶ regular
▶ everyday
2. [adv]
▶ ordinarily
▶ normally
▶ usually



History:
6. A 2024-11-03 03:20:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The count for 平素が hardly supports it being a noun.
5. A* 2024-11-03 01:14:46  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, luminous, daij
gg5: 平素から注意深い always be [have always been] careful
     平素のとおり as usual
  Comments:
It is a noun.
We usually have [adv] as a separate sense.
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16,8 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>usual</gloss>
+<gloss>ordinary</gloss>
+<gloss>normal</gloss>
+<gloss>regular</gloss>
+<gloss>everyday</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
@@ -17,4 +25,3 @@
-<gloss>ordinary</gloss>
-<gloss>in the past</gloss>
-<gloss>usual</gloss>
-<gloss>regular</gloss>
+<gloss>ordinarily</gloss>
+<gloss>normally</gloss>
+<gloss>usually</gloss>
4. A 2024-10-31 00:53:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
平素	244820
平素は	125575
平素が	101
平素な	556
平素の	19022
  Comments:
Glosses much the same as in the JEs. Certainly not a noun.
3. A* 2024-10-30 23:45:36  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
mk 「━の努力が実を結ぶ」
daijr 「━の行い」
daijs 「平素の努力」
  Comments:
glosses need some clean up? Not sure adj-no should lead but most of the glosses are currently adjectives
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
2. A 2021-03-31 04:44:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Bulk update n-adv to n,adv
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15,2 @@
-<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 1532540 Active (id: 2319690)
明朝 [ichi1,news2,nf47]
みょうちょう [ichi1,news2,nf47] みょうあさ
1. [n,adv]
▶ tomorrow morning
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2846396 明旦【みょうたん】 1. tomorrow morning



History:
4. A 2024-10-30 17:10:06  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
sankoku: やや改まった言い方
3. A* 2024-10-30 15:27:53  GM <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs, oukoku
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>みょうあさ</reb>
2. A 2021-03-31 04:44:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Bulk update n-adv to n,adv
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17,2 @@
-<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
1. A 2021-03-10 00:36:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Bulk update: Removal of n-t POS
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -18 +17,0 @@
-<pos>&n-t;</pos>

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jmdict 1545260 Active (id: 2321037)
幼稚園 [ichi1,news1,nf07]
ようちえん [ichi1,news1,nf07]
1. [n]
▶ kindergarten (in Japan, non-compulsory education from age 3 until primary school)
▶ preschool
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2854424 園【えん】 2. kindergarten; nursery school; preschool



History:
13. A 2024-11-12 05:48:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I can live with this.
12. A* 2024-11-11 03:13:02  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.wokingham.gov.uk/children-families-and-young-people/children-and-families/childcare-pre-schools-and-nurseries/starting-nursery-or-preschool
"Day nurseries can care for children normally from around 3 months up until compulsory school age. "
"Preschools are often run by a voluntary committee. Normally they care for children from 3 years old, up until compulsory school age although some now care for children from 2 years old. "

https://directories.merton.gov.uk/kb5/merton/directory/advice.page;jsessionid=693DA256A03E72D7586A764F23E04D56?id=Rl5dFEqueTw
Day nurseries offer full-time or part-time childcare for children, often from 6 weeks old. Day nurseries are usually open from 8am to 6pm.
Preschools offer childcare in sessions which range from 2 ½ to 4 hours, either mornings or afternoons, and cater for children from the age of 2. They are usually only open during school term time and not for the whole day. Preschools are sometimes called playgroups or kindergartens and also include Montessori schools.

https://familyserviceshub.havering.gov.uk/kb5/havering/directory/advice.page?id=Ghwqqw8JUYI
Up to 2 years old: If you need childcare before your child is 2 years then either a registered childminder or day nursery would suit your needs.  ...
2 years old: When your child reaches 2 you may want to consider an early years childcare place available at preschools, Day Nurseries, Childminders and at some schools with nurseries.


The Oxford Learner's dictionary is vague and unclear about this distinction, but it becomes very apparent when looking through the google results. Seems like kindergarten is not commonly used in the UK and while actual usage seems to align with how it's used in the US, the OEL suggests that in British use, it's a synonym to nursery school. Which it actually defines as "school for children between the ages of about two and five" which. again, doesn't mesh at all with what I'm actually seeing on site:gov.uk /site:uk sites.
  Comments:
I think precisely because there is a lot of confusion and different terms in use in the Anglosphere (and beyond), we really ought to explain exactly what this refers to in Japanese.
  Diff:
@@ -18 +18 @@
-<gloss>kindergarten</gloss>
+<gloss>kindergarten (in Japan, non-compulsory education from age 3 until primary school)</gloss>
@@ -20 +19,0 @@
-<gloss>nursery school</gloss>
11. A* 2024-11-03 10:24:52  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
https://www.emmasdiary.co.uk/baby/childcare/preschool-guide
There are a number of differences between pre-school and nursery, and it is down to personal preference as to where you choose to send your child. Your choice will depend on your child’s age, what you are looking for from a setting and how you child is developmentally. Difference include:

Nurseries will take children from ages one – three where as pre-schools generally take children from three – five.
Pre-schools have a formal curriculum and trained teachers. Conversely, nursery schools have a more relaxed environment and have a wider variety of programs.
Nurseries tend to cost more than pre-schools do but this is not a hard and fast rule.
Pre-schools emphasis preparing the children for future education, while nurseries give a lighter learning experience and act more like a childcare provider.

https://www.daynurseries.co.uk/advice/what-is-a-pre-school
Difference between nursery and pre-school
  Comments:
Are you really sure about that, Robin? Because that's not at all what I'm seeing (at a glance).

If we're going to throw in "nursery school" in here, which again, I really don't think we should, I think we do need to explain the difference between a 幼稚園 and 保育園, because there are several specific differences that are very relevant to foreigners with young kids in Japan. (I'm not being argumentative just for the sake of it)
10. A* 2024-11-03 03:44:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Let's put "nursery school" back and leave it. The terminology varies a lot - what Americans call kindergarten we call "prep", etc., etc. In general "nursery school" seems to fit 保育園/保育所. After all, the 保育 indicates rather young kids. (My 5yo granddaughter is in prep, and my 3yo grandson is in kindergarten.)
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>nursery school</gloss>
9. A* 2024-11-03 01:46:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
幼稚園 corresponds to what we call "nursery (school)" in the UK. It's synonymous with "preschool". I think "nursery school" is a better fit for 幼稚園 than 保育園/保育所.
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 1549140 Active (id: 2319662)
[ichi1,news1,nf05] 玉子 [spec1]
たまご [ichi1,news1,nf05]
1. (卵 only) [n]
▶ eggs
▶ egg
▶ spawn
▶ roe
2. [n]
《oft. 玉子 in cooking》
▶ (hen's) egg
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1862520 お玉【おたま】 2. (hen's) egg
  ⇐ see: 1240530 玉【たま】 14. egg
3. (卵 only) [n]
《as ...の卵》
▶ a ... in the making
▶ future (lawyer, doctor, etc.)
▶ budding ...
4. (卵 only) [n]
▶ beginning
▶ origin
▶ infancy



History:
13. A 2024-10-30 11:12:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
12. A* 2024-10-30 01:35:34  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think "expert" is right.
  Diff:
@@ -36,2 +36,2 @@
-<s_inf>as Xの卵</s_inf>
-<gloss>(an expert) in the making</gloss>
+<s_inf>as ...の卵</s_inf>
+<gloss>a ... in the making</gloss>
@@ -39 +39 @@
-<gloss>budding</gloss>
+<gloss>budding ...</gloss>
11. A 2024-10-29 07:01:23  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Comments:
Can't think of an alternative to adjective glosses.
  Diff:
@@ -38,0 +39 @@
+<gloss>budding</gloss>
10. A* 2024-10-29 03:39:52 
  Diff:
@@ -35,0 +36 @@
+<s_inf>as Xの卵</s_inf>
@@ -36,0 +38 @@
+<gloss>future (lawyer, doctor, etc.)</gloss>
9. A 2023-08-22 10:30:12  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
玉子	1,636,998
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri>
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 1585870 Active (id: 2319609)
臍帯さい帯
さいたいせいたい (臍帯)
1. [n] {anatomy}
▶ umbilical cord



History:
5. A 2024-10-30 01:59:50  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
See my comment on 2178850 regarding adj-no.
I went with [anat] because Wiktionary and RP tag "umbilical cord" as an anatomy term.
4. A* 2024-10-30 01:30:51  parfait8
  Comments:
gg5: 臍帯の 【医】 umbilical.
wouldn't [adj-no] be appropriate here?
also this seems more [biol] than [anat] to me
3. A 2024-10-30 01:22:01  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -19 +19 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<field>&anat;</field>
2. A 2024-10-29 04:57:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2024-10-29 02:44:00 
  Refs:
臍帯	56400	60.5%
さい帯	36826	39.5%
せい帯	0	0.0%
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>さい帯</keb>
@@ -11,0 +15 @@
+<re_restr>臍帯</re_restr>

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jmdict 1602430 Active (id: 2319654)
不意打ち [news2,nf41] 不意討ち [rK] 不意撃ち [sK]
ふいうち [news2,nf41]
1. [n]
▶ surprise attack
▶ surprise visit
▶ catching a person off guard



History:
4. A 2024-10-30 11:07:55  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2024-10-30 08:10:57  parfait8
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 不意打ち │ 188,223 │ 96.4% │
│ 不意討ち │   6,319 │  3.2% │ add rK (sankoku, meikyo, daijs, etc.)
│ 不意撃ち │     653 │  0.3% │ add (smk)
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -10,0 +11,5 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>不意撃ち</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2020-05-27 00:42:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>catching a person off guard</gloss>
1. A* 2020-05-26 15:06:35 
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>surprise visit</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1852750 Active (id: 2319736)
恩に着せる
おんにきせる
1. [exp,v1]
▶ to demand gratitude
▶ to make a favour of something
▶ to remind of a favour done to someone
▶ to emphasize the favour one has done
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 2056100 恩着せがましい 1. patronizing; expecting gratitude in return; acting like one is doing someone a favor; condescending
  ⇐ see: 2603490 恩にかける【おんにかける】 1. to demand gratitude; to make a favour of something; to remind of a favour done to someone; to emphasize the favour one has done

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2024-10-31 03:54:41  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2024-10-30 16:16:15  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
恩着せがまし	15956	  
恩に着せ	2068	 
恩にかける 20
  Comments:
See notes at removed xref 恩に掛ける.  Exceedingly rare, not helpful to link in that direction.

恩着せがましい by comparison is 8 times more popular than this formulation. For someone who encounters this term, I think it's worth seeing the other, but it isn't strictly needed.
  Diff:
@@ -13,2 +13 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2603490">恩に掛ける</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2603490">恩に掛ける</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2056100">恩着せがましい</xref>
3. A 2011-01-01 23:54:31  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2010-12-25 05:45:33  Scott
  Refs:
koj daij
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +13,1 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2603490">恩に掛ける</xref>
@@ -14,0 +15,3 @@
+<gloss>to make a favour of something</gloss>
+<gloss>to remind of a favour done to someone</gloss>
+<gloss>to emphasize the favour one has done</gloss>
1. A 2010-12-24 06:06:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Added additional PoS via batch update.Added additional PoS via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@
+<pos>&v1;</pos>

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jmdict 1888890 Active (id: 2319645)
先生に就く
せんせいにつく
1. [exp,v5k]
▶ to study under a teacher
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1331530 就く 4. to study (under teacher); to be an apprentice

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2024-10-30 10:29:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
先生に就いた	1699
先生に就いて	615
  Comments:
Not obvious.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1331530">就く・4</xref>
2. A* 2024-10-30 04:07:26  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
since 先生に is an explicit part of the word
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>to study under (a teacher)</gloss>
+<gloss>to study under a teacher</gloss>
1. A 2010-09-13 04:46:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Added additional PoS via batch update.Added additional PoS via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@
+<pos>&v5k;</pos>

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jmdict 1888900 Deleted (id: 2319644)
先生の述
せんせいのじゅつ
1. [n]
▶ teachers statement (expounding)



History:
2. D 2024-10-30 10:27:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Indeed.
1. D* 2024-10-30 04:06:58  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
先生の述	No matches
  Comments:
I don't even understand what the gloss means.

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jmdict 1981670 Active (id: 2319582)
大やけど大火傷
おおやけど
1. [n]
▶ large burn
▶ large scald



History:
1. A 2024-10-30 01:22:20  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
大火傷	19730	49.5%
大やけど	20043	50.3%
大焼けど	80	0.2%
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15,2 @@
-<gloss>large burn or scald</gloss>
+<gloss>large burn</gloss>
+<gloss>large scald</gloss>

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jmdict 2012700 Active (id: 2319652)
日暮らし日暮し日ぐらし [sK]
ひぐらし
1. [n,adj-no,adv] [form]
▶ from morning to evening
▶ all day long



History:
5. A 2024-10-30 11:06:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
See 2012710.
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>日ぐらし</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4. A 2024-10-28 05:26:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
日暮らし	225740
日暮らしの	23162
  Comments:
Reasonably high count.
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<misc>&form;</misc>
3. A* 2024-10-28 02:59:30  parfait8
  Comments:
i'm not sure this is [adj-no]
sankoku and smk have it tagged as 雅, daijr uses an archaic example - maybe [form] would be appropriate?
2. A 2017-01-13 17:31:52  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5 daijs
G n-grams:
 日暮らし	225740
 日暮し	 47383
  Diff:
@@ -16,2 +16,3 @@
-<gloss>twilight</gloss>
-<gloss>evening hours</gloss>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<gloss>from morning to evening</gloss>
+<gloss>all day long</gloss>
1. A* 2016-12-24 18:03:53  Amen Lernsky <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ひぐらし
  Comments:
i doubt the meaning. quite different to その日暮らし.
  Diff:
@@ -16,2 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>day-to-day existence</gloss>
-<gloss>living hand-to-mouth</gloss>
+<gloss>twilight</gloss>
+<gloss>evening hours</gloss>

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jmdict 2012710 Active (id: 2319653)
茅蜩 [rK] 日暮 [rK] 日暮らし [sK] 日ぐらし [sK] 日暮し [sK]
ヒグラシ (nokanji)ひぐらし
1. [n] [uk]
▶ evening cicada (Tanna japonensis)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2862216 蜩【かなかな】 1. evening cicada (Tanna japonensis)



History:
10. A 2024-10-30 11:07:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'm comfortable with this entry, but we may as well have 日ぐらし[sK] in the other one too.
9. A* 2024-10-28 02:55:10  parfait8
  Comments:
my problem with duplicating the kanji forms is that it makes search slightly less immediate
"日ぐらし" search-only form is here and not in the other entry, but results on google are mostly related to the 一日中 sense
we obviously could have "日ぐらし" in both the entries, but only having it in the 一日中 sense entry seems less confusing to me

btw not related to my previous comment but i think 日暮 is [io], in none of my refs
8. A* 2024-10-28 02:39:19  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Daijs and nikk combine the two meanings into entry.
With two entries like this, I think it's better to duplicate the kanji form(s) rather than the sense.
7. A* 2024-10-27 00:28:32  parfait8
  Comments:
wouldn't it make more sense if we added the 日- forms to the 日暮らし entry as an additional sense and x-ref it here?
this is how daijs, saito and nikk do it
6. A 2024-08-18 02:37:25  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ ヒグラシの声 │ 9,192 │ 57.4% │ - moving up
│ ひぐらしの声 │ 4,612 │ 28.8% │
│ 蜩の声    │ 1,978 │ 12.4% │
│ 日暮の声   │   118 │  0.7% │
│ 日暮らしの声 │    48 │  0.3% │
│ 日ぐらしの声 │    47 │  0.3% │ - add, sK
│ 日暮しの声  │    20 │  0.1% │ - add, sK
│ 茅蜩の声   │     0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -19,3 +19,8 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>ひぐらし</reb>
-</r_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>日ぐらし</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>日暮し</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
@@ -24,0 +30,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ひぐらし</reb>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 2110660 Active (id: 2319650)
自棄っぱち [rK] 焼けっぱち [sK]
やけっぱちヤケっぱち [sk]
1. [n,adj-na,adj-no] [uk,col]
▶ complete desperation
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1317520 【やけ】 1. desperation; despair; self-abandonment



History:
7. A 2024-10-30 10:39:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2024-10-30 07:33:59  parfait8
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 自棄っぱち │  1,267 │  3.5% │ add rK
│ 焼けっぱち │    203 │  0.6% │ add
│ やけっぱち │ 33,416 │ 92.3% │
│ ヤケっぱち │  1,331 │  3.7% │ add
╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

sankoku and shinkoku have 俗
smk: 「やけ」の口頭語的な強調表現。
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,5 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>焼けっぱち</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -8,0 +14,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ヤケっぱち</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -16,0 +26 @@
+<misc>&col;</misc>
5. A 2019-06-27 23:20:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2019-06-27 16:55:49  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
自棄っぱち	1267
焼けっぱっち	No matches
やけっぱっち	No matches
ヤケっぱっち	No matches
ヤケッパッチ	No matches
ヤケっパッチ	No matches
自棄ぱち	No matches
焼けぱっち	No matches
やけぱっち	No matches
ヤケぱっち	No matches
ヤケパッチ	No matches
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -17,5 +18,0 @@
-<sense>
-<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>completely desperate</gloss>
-</sense>
3. A 2012-04-30 23:06:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2426860 Active (id: 2319649)
自棄のやんぱち自棄のやん八 [rK] 焼けのやんぱち [sK]
やけのやんぱちヤケのやんぱち [sk]
1. [exp,n] [uk,col]
▶ (sense of) desperation



History:
5. A 2024-10-30 10:39:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2024-10-30 07:30:38  parfait8
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 自棄のやんぱち │   122 │  4.8% │ add (sankoku, daijr, etc.)
│ 焼けのやんぱち │    75 │  3.0% │ add sK (only in koj)
│ 自棄のやん八  │    58 │  2.3% │ add rK (daijs, shinkoku, etc.)
│ やけのやん八  │    43 │  1.7% │
│ やけのやんぱち │ 2,032 │ 80.6% │
│ ヤケのやんぱち │   192 │  7.6% │ add sk
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯

sankoku and shinkoku have 俗
  Diff:
@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@
+<keb>自棄のやんぱち</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -5,0 +9 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -8,0 +13 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -15 +20 @@
-<re_nokanji/>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -20,0 +26 @@
+<misc>&col;</misc>
3. A 2019-06-29 06:01:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2019-06-27 16:57:44  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
自棄のやん八	58
やけのやんぱち	2032
やけのやん八	43
ヤケのやん八	No matches
ヤケのやんぱち	192
焼けのやんぱち	75
焼けのやん八	No matches
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>焼けのやんぱち</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -9,0 +13,4 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ヤケのやんぱち</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
+</r_ele>
@@ -10,0 +18 @@
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -11,0 +20 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
1. A 2009-02-17 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2432660 Active (id: 2319584)
プロ意識
プロいしき
1. [n]
▶ professionalism
▶ professional awareness
▶ professional attitude



History:
5. A 2024-10-30 01:25:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2024-10-30 01:10:34 
  Diff:
@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>professional attitude</gloss>
3. A 2022-02-18 22:11:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2022-02-18 12:55:24  dine
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>professionalism; professional awareness</gloss>
+<gloss>professionalism</gloss>
+<gloss>professional awareness</gloss>
1. A 2009-02-17 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2464970 Active (id: 2319703)
バートレット法
バートレットほう
1. [n] {law}
▶ Bartlett Act (US)
2. [n]
▶ Bartlett method (technique for estimating power spectra)



History:
5. A 2024-10-30 22:24:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2024-10-27 11:03:07  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>Bartlett Act (1964)</gloss>
+<field>&law;</field>
+<gloss>Bartlett Act (US)</gloss>
@@ -16,2 +17 @@
-<gloss>Bartlett method</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">technique for estimating power spectra</gloss>
+<gloss>Bartlett method (technique for estimating power spectra)</gloss>
3. A 2012-12-17 23:09:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
情報・知識imidas (sense 1)
Igaku (sense 2)
  Comments:
Rene quoted Kojien when entering this in 2009, but I can't find it there.
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +14,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>Bartlett method</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">technique for estimating power spectra</gloss>
+</sense>
2. D* 2012-12-17 12:26:29  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
47 hits (b)
  Comments:
googled in English but unsure which act this even is
1. A 2009-07-17 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2603490 Active (id: 2319735)
恩にかける恩に掛ける [rK]
おんにかける
1. [exp,v1] [rare]
▶ to demand gratitude
▶ to make a favour of something
▶ to remind of a favour done to someone
▶ to emphasize the favour one has done
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1852750 恩に着せる 1. to demand gratitude; to make a favour of something; to remind of a favour done to someone; to emphasize the favour one has done

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2024-10-31 03:54:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
[rK] is fine - it's in Koj (「恩に着せる」に同じ。)
3. A* 2024-10-30 16:10:49  Brian Krznarich <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
恩に掛け* 0
恩にかけ  0
恩にかける	20	(only match for 恩にかけ*)
vs.
恩に着せ	2068	  
恩に着せる	1129	  
恩に着せて	487	  
恩に着せない	347
  Comments:
Some book results sprinkled across the 1900s.  No news, twitter, etc.

Got here via 恩着せがましい found in the wild, xref'd to 恩に着せる (useful), xref'd here. While defined as synonymous, this entry looks rare/obsolete.  I will edit 恩に着せる to break the xref here as well.

恩に掛け with both kanji is exceedingly rare.  Matches ~15 google book hits.  Would [sK], but it's worth showing which of the かける kanji applies.
  Diff:
@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@
+<keb>恩にかける</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -5,0 +9 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -13,0 +18 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
2. A 2011-01-01 23:54:44  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2010-12-25 05:45:15  Scott
  Refs:
koj daij

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jmdict 2828342 Active (id: 2319701)
貰いゲロ
もらいゲロ (nokanji)もらいげろ
1. [n,vs,vi] [uk]
▶ sympathy vomiting
▶ vomiting due to the sight or the smell of another person's vomit

Conjugations


History:
9. A 2024-10-30 21:38:15  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
If もらいげろ is hidden, then 貰いゲロ wouldn't have any associated readings.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +12,0 @@
-<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
8. A 2024-10-30 20:51:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Probably just best hidden.
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
7. A* 2024-10-30 12:11:06  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
もらいゲロ	2108	73.7%
貰いゲロ	625	21.9%
もらいげろ	126	4.4%
貰いげろ	0	0.0%
  Comments:
Is it worth keeping もらいげろ?
  Diff:
@@ -7,3 +6,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>貰いげろ</keb>
-</k_ele>
@@ -12 +9 @@
-<re_restr>貰いゲロ</re_restr>
+<re_nokanji/>
@@ -16 +12,0 @@
-<re_restr>貰いげろ</re_restr>
@@ -20,0 +17,2 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
6. A 2018-08-29 23:55:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2018-08-29 20:47:19  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://mentalfloss.com/article/67710/why-do-i-gag-when-someone-else-barfs
The phenomenon is called “sympathy vomiting,” 
https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Sympathy Vomiting
  Comments:
nvm
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>sympathy vomiting</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 2834250 Active (id: 2319698)
丿乀
へつほつへつぽつへつふつ
1. [adv-to,adj-t]
▶ rocking from side to side (of a boat)



History:
5. A 2024-10-30 20:48:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/丿乀
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>へつふつ</reb>
4. A* 2024-10-30 14:09:00  Kiadpawi Mutarapat <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://kotobank.jp/word/丿乀-379301#:~:text=へつ‐ほつ【丿&JISF047;】&text=② ( 形動タリ ) 左右,ゆれ動くさまにいう。
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>へつほつ</reb>
+</r_ele>
3. A 2018-01-12 00:37:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2018-01-10 02:34:14  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Actually the example sentence was from a book from 1911 and 
I found "へつぼつと" in a book from 1929 as well.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +12,0 @@
-<misc>&arch;</misc>
1. A* 2018-01-10 01:09:42  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr
arch based on example sentence: 「 -として、波に漂ふ一隻の帆
船/此一戦 広徳」
  Comments:
Interesting kanji (daijr: 〔漢字の筆画の名で、左に払うものを
「へつ」、右に払うものを「ほつ」といったことから〕)

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jmdict 2836782 Active (id: 2319713)
立ちこぎ立ち漕ぎ
たちこぎ
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ standing on bicycle pedals (out of the saddle)
2. [n,vs,vi]
▶ standing on a swing

Conjugations


History:
5. A 2024-10-31 00:55:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2024-10-30 11:24:35  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijr splits into two senses

vs in daijr
vs,vi in 三省堂国語辞典 第八版
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,2 @@
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
@@ -15,0 +18,5 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
3. A 2018-10-15 11:16:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
立ち漕ぎ	11935
立ちこぎ	16605
たちこぎ	1420
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>立ち漕ぎ</keb>
+<keb>立ちこぎ</keb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<keb>立ちこぎ</keb>
+<keb>立ち漕ぎ</keb>
2. A* 2018-10-13 21:36:44 
  Refs:
images for ブランコ 立ち漕ぎ
  Diff:
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>standing on a swing</gloss>
1. A* 2018-10-13 21:30:56 
  Refs:
https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=立ちこぎ
http://bicycle.omakase-hp.com/word/140/post_95.html

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jmdict 2859650 Active (id: 2321011)
稚児蟹稚児がに [sK]
チゴガニ (nokanji)ちごがに
1. [n] [uk]
▶ Ilyoplax pusilla (crab species)



History:
5. A 2024-11-12 00:58:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Mazegaki addition (maze3)
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>稚児がに</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4. A 2024-10-30 04:22:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
That was a test to see if the bulk updater mangles the [nokanji\. It does. Needs fixing.
  Diff:
@@ -7,4 +6,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>稚児がに</keb>
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
@@ -13 +9 @@
-<re_restr>稚児がに</re_restr>
+<re_nokanji/>
3. A 2024-10-30 04:19:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Mazegaki addition (maze3)
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,4 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>稚児がに</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
@@ -9 +13 @@
-<re_nokanji/>
+<re_restr>稚児がに</re_restr>
2. A 2024-01-05 11:55:59  Syed Raza <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
* https://kotobank.jp/word/チゴガニ-96067#w-1365307
* KOD
* https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=444895

稚児蟹     52  3.5% <- nipp
チゴガニ 1,448 96.5%
ちごがに     0  0.0%
  Comments:
No common name found.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>Ilyoplax pusilla</gloss>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
+<gloss>Ilyoplax pusilla (crab species)</gloss>
1. A* 2023-12-28 18:27:09  Scott
  Refs:
wiki

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jmdict 2863129 Active (id: 2319614)
白鳥
しらとりしろとり
1. [n]
▶ white bird
2. [n]
▶ swan
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1475330 白鳥【はくちょう】 1. swan (Cygnus spp.)



History:
3. A 2024-10-30 03:25:55  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
The JEs gloss sense 1 as "white bird".
I don't think we can assume that しろとり is rare based simply on which refs it appears in.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf>
@@ -16 +15 @@
-<gloss>white-feathered bird</gloss>
+<gloss>white bird</gloss>
@@ -21,2 +20 @@
-<gloss>swan (Cygnus spp.)</gloss>
-<gloss>cygnet</gloss>
+<gloss>swan</gloss>
2. A* 2024-10-28 07:16:24  parfait8
  Comments:
daijs is the only ref i see mentioning gulls
most refs either have two senses or say something like "特に、ハクチョウ"
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16,8 @@
-<gloss>white-feathered bird (swan, gull, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>white-feathered bird</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1475330">白鳥・はくちょう</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1475330">白鳥・はくちょう</xref>
+<gloss>swan (Cygnus spp.)</gloss>
+<gloss>cygnet</gloss>
1. A* 2024-10-28 06:52:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 and other JEs. Daijisen: カモメやハクチョウなど羽毛が白い鳥。しろとり。 (limits はくちょう to swan)
  Comments:
Proposed split. Possibly could have a second "swan (Cygnus spp.)" xreffed to 1475330.

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jmdict 2863141 Active (id: 2319602)
ギザ十ギザ10ぎざ十 [sK]
ぎざじゅう
1. [n] [hist,col]
▶ reeded-edge 10 yen coin (minted 1951-1958)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1003560 【ギザギザ】 2. notched; serrated; jagged; corrugated; milled



History:
6. A 2024-10-30 01:49:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2024-10-30 01:47:16  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Also, hiragana readings for non-loanwords
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<reb>ギザじゅう</reb>
+<reb>ぎざじゅう</reb>
4. A* 2024-10-30 01:46:49  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr/s have ぎざ十 and say that this term is colloquial.
ぎざ十	79
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ぎざ十</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
@@ -16,0 +21,2 @@
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
3. A 2024-10-30 01:16:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2024-10-30 00:05:07 
  Comments:
Simplify gloss
  Diff:
@@ -16,3 +16 @@
-<gloss>reeded edge 10 yen coin</gloss>
-<gloss>milled edge 10 yen coin</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">10 yen coin minted from 1951 through 1958</gloss>
+<gloss>reeded-edge 10 yen coin (minted 1951-1958)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2863143 Active (id: 2319585)
恩を返す
おんをかえす
1. [exp,v5s]
▶ to return a favor
▶ to pay it back
2. [exp,v5s] {sumo}
▶ to defeat one's senior stablemate

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2024-10-30 01:26:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 examples
1. A* 2024-10-30 01:21:13  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
daijs, 三省堂国語辞典 第八版

恩を返す 	6354	97.9%
おんをかえす	24	0.4%
恩をかえす	109	1.7%
おんを返す	0	0.0%

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jmdict 2863144 Active (id: 2319647)
有毒植物
ゆうどくしょくぶつ
1. [n] {botany}
▶ poisonous plant



History:
2. A 2024-10-30 10:33:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, etc.
1. A* 2024-10-30 04:58:21  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
有毒植物	13066
daij nikk
  Comments:
bot I guess_

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jmdict 2863145 Active (id: 2319700)
就園
しゅうえん
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ enrolling in kindergarten
▶ kindergarten enrollment

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2024-10-30 20:54:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
就園	100476	  
就園児	54632	  <- in GG5
就園奨励	17293
  Comments:
Usually in compounds.
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>kindergarten enrollment</gloss>
1. A* 2024-10-30 11:27:50  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
daij nikk 三省堂国語辞典 第八版 etc.
就園	100476	48.1%
就園児	54632	26.2%
未就園児	53598	25.7%

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jmdict 2863146 Active (id: 2319733)
未就園児
みしゅうえんじ
1. [n]
▶ child not enrolled in kindergarten
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2863147 無園児【むえんじ】 1. child not enrolled in kindergarten or nursery school



History:
2. A 2024-10-31 03:51:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2024-10-30 11:29:04  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
就園	100476	48.1%
就園児	54632	26.2% but a google for this just brings up 未就園児
未就園児	53598	25.7%

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jmdict 2863147 Active (id: 2319732)
無園児
むえんじ
1. [n] [col]
▶ child not enrolled in kindergarten or nursery school
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2863146 未就園児 1. child not enrolled in kindergarten



History:
2. A 2024-10-31 03:50:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2024-10-30 11:31:50  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
https://www.cfa.go.jp/councils/mishuuenji_iinkai/vPmcR9yE
末尾の「※」に記載の通り、未就園児であること自体が批判につながる表現や記載にならないよう留意いただきたい。未就園の背景は様々であり、保育所に入りたくても、言葉の壁などによって就園できない事例もある。「無園児」といった言葉が一人歩きすることや、未就園児=虐待家庭等のイメージが広がることで、更なる孤立を生まないか懸念する。
https://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/kodomo/page/0000597389.html
この資料の中身とは関係ないんですけれども、この前ニュースで、無園児という言葉が出てきました。どこの園にも属していないこどもたちを無園児と表現していたんですけれども、我々、幼稚園の側からすれば、それは未就園児ではないかという話ですが。

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jmdict 2863148 Active (id: 2319694)
幼児園
ようじえん
1. [n]
▶ combined day-care center and kindergarten



History:
2. A 2024-10-30 20:14:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2024-10-30 11:40:16  Marcus Richert
  Refs:
https://www.city.kariya.lg.jp/faq/q_kosodate/q_kyouiku/1002582/1002585.html
幼児園は、令和2年4月から刈谷市立幼稚園が幼保連携型認定こども園に移行したもので、教育・保育を一体的に行う施設であり、幼稚園(幼児教育)と保育園(保育)の両方のよさを併せ持つ施設です。3歳以上児が入園対象で、従来の幼稚園利用の子ども(1号認定)と保育園利用の子ども(2号認定)双方が在園できるため、保育園と異なり、保護者が就労などをやめても継続して入園することができます。

https://www.town.godo.gifu.jp/life/koso/koso17.html
幼児園では、保育園と幼稚園という既存の枠組みを超え、施設の共有化を図り、町内に住所がある5歳児までの異年齢児を一体的に保育・教育を実施することにより、子どもたちの活動内容をより豊かにし、それぞれ子どもの個性を生かしながら、就学前にふさわしい社会性、創造性を育むことを目指しています。


幼児園	24687
  Comments:
Not identical to 認定こども園 it seems

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jmdict 2863149 Active (id: 2319693)
愚形
ぐけい
1. [n] {mahjong}
▶ shape which accepts few winning tiles
▶ inefficient tile pattern



History:
3. A 2024-10-30 20:10:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2024-10-30 19:17:34  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
I actually saved a note when I saw this word in a book in January 2021.

>> 親の赤1なので愚形残りでも即リーチで良い。
"It's okay to instantly riichi with a poor wait because you're the dealer with one red dora in hand"

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬───────╮
│ 愚形 │ 3,278 │
╰─ーー─┴───────╯
  Comments:
Usually "wait" corresponds to the word 待ち and "shape" is used to translate 形 in mahjong terminology.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>A wait with few winning tiles</gloss>
+<field>&mahj;</field>
+<gloss>shape which accepts few winning tiles</gloss>
+<gloss>inefficient tile pattern</gloss>
1. A* 2024-10-30 15:52:51  Sarah A. <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://mj-station.net/word/gukei/
  Comments:
Mahjong term, can be found in recent books and on the net

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jmdict 2863150 Active (id: 2319710)
星室庁
せいしつちょう
1. [n] [hist]
▶ Court of the Star Chamber (England)



History:
3. A 2024-10-31 00:45:21  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
星室庁	265
  Comments:
Abolished in 1641, before the UK existed.
  Diff:
@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>court of Star Chamber (UK)</gloss>
+<gloss>Court of the Star Chamber (England)</gloss>
2. A* 2024-10-30 23:48:04 
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>Court of Star Chamber</gloss>
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
+<gloss>court of Star Chamber (UK)</gloss>
1. A* 2024-10-30 23:28:17  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, koj, wiki

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jmnedict 5111137 Active (id: 2319634)
安倍晋三
あべしんぞう
1. [person]
▶ Shinzo Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; prime minister of Japan 2006-2007 and 2012-2020)



History:
6. A 2024-10-30 05:18:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes. As I commented in another entry, we don't have to mimic Wilipedia.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shinzo Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; prime minister of Japan from 2006 to 2007 and from 2012 to 2020)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shinzo Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; prime minister of Japan 2006-2007 and 2012-2020)</gloss>
5. A* 2024-10-30 04:19:20  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Isn't the terser wording better?
4. A* 2024-10-30 01:36:57  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinzo_Abe
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shinzō Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; Prime Minister of Japan 2006-2007 and 2012-2020)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shinzo Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; prime minister of Japan from 2006 to 2007 and from 2012 to 2020)</gloss>
3. A 2022-07-08 11:38:37  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shinzō Abe (1954.9-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shinzō Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; Prime Minister of Japan 2006-2007 and 2012-2020)</gloss>
2. A 2018-02-09 02:07:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmnedict 5193992 Active (id: 2319661)
岸田文雄
きしだふみお
1. [person]
▶ Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; prime minister of Japan 2021-2024)



History:
4. A 2024-10-30 11:11:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; prime minister of Japan from 2021 to 2024)</gloss>
+<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; prime minister of Japan 2021-2024)</gloss>
3. A* 2024-10-30 01:35:19  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fumio_Kishida
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; 100th Prime Minister of Japan)</gloss>
+<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; prime minister of Japan from 2021 to 2024)</gloss>
2. A 2021-10-05 04:22:50  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; 100th Prime Minister of Japan)</gloss>
1. A 2021-09-17 08:36:16  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Kishida Fumio (1957.7.29-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5222979 Active (id: 2319660)
橋本龍太郎
はしもとりゅうたろう
1. [person]
▶ Ryutaro Hashimoto (1937.7.29-2006.7.1; prime minister of Japan 1996-1998)



History:
4. A 2024-10-30 11:11:08  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Ryutaro Hashimoto (1937.7.29-2006.7.1; prime minister of Japan from 1996 to 1998)</gloss>
+<gloss>Ryutaro Hashimoto (1937.7.29-2006.7.1; prime minister of Japan 1996-1998)</gloss>
3. A* 2024-10-30 01:56:00  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryutaro_Hashimoto
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Hashimoto Ryūtarō (1937.7-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Ryutaro Hashimoto (1937.7.29-2006.7.1; prime minister of Japan from 1996 to 1998)</gloss>
2. A 2021-08-09 04:31:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
 Ryuu to Ryū conversion
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Hashimoto Ryuutarō (1937.7-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Hashimoto Ryūtarō (1937.7-)</gloss>
1. A 2021-07-16 10:29:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
tarou conversion
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Hashimoto Ryuutarou (1937.7-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Hashimoto Ryuutarō (1937.7-)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5374486 Active (id: 2319659)
小泉純一郎
こいずみじゅんいちろう
1. [person]
▶ Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; prime minister of Japan 2001-2006)



History:
4. A 2024-10-30 11:10:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; prime minister of Japan from 2001 to 2006)</gloss>
+<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; prime minister of Japan 2001-2006)</gloss>
3. A* 2024-10-30 01:51:37  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junichiro_Koizumi
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; 56th Prime Minister of Japan)</gloss>
+<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; prime minister of Japan from 2001 to 2006)</gloss>
2. A 2021-09-29 13:23:58  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-), the 56th Prime Minister of Japan</gloss>
+<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; 56th Prime Minister of Japan)</gloss>
1. A 2018-02-09 23:18:47  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Koizumi Jun'ichirou (1942.1.8-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-), the 56th Prime Minister of Japan</gloss>

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jmnedict 5379431 Active (id: 2319657)
小渕恵三
おぶちけいぞう
1. [person]
▶ Keizō Obuchi (1937.6.25-2000.5.14; prime minister of Japan 1998-2000)



History:
2. A 2024-10-30 11:10:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Keizō Obuchi (1937.6.25-2000.5.14; prime minister of Japan from 1998 to 2000)</gloss>
+<gloss>Keizō Obuchi (1937.6.25-2000.5.14; prime minister of Japan 1998-2000)</gloss>
1. A* 2024-10-30 01:54:11  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keizō_Obuchi
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Obuchi Keizou (1937.6.25-2000.5.14)</gloss>
+<gloss>Keizō Obuchi (1937.6.25-2000.5.14; prime minister of Japan from 1998 to 2000)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5410181 Active (id: 2319655)
森喜朗
もりよしろう
1. [person]
▶ Yoshirō Mori (1937.7.14-; prime minister of Japan 2000-2001)



History:
2. A 2024-10-30 11:09:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yoshirō Mori (1937.7.14-; prime minister of Japan from 2000 to 2001)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshirō Mori (1937.7.14-; prime minister of Japan 2000-2001)</gloss>
1. A* 2024-10-30 01:52:51  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshirō_Mori
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Mori Yoshirou (1937.7.14-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshirō Mori (1937.7.14-; prime minister of Japan from 2000 to 2001)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5428137 Active (id: 2319669)
菅義偉
すがよしひで
1. [person]
▶ Yoshihide Suga (1948.12.6-; prime minister of Japan 2020-2021)



History:
3. A 2024-10-30 11:17:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yoshihide Suga (1948.12.6-; prime minister of Japan from 2020 to 2021)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshihide Suga (1948.12.6-; prime minister of Japan 2020-2021)</gloss>
2. A 2024-10-30 04:36:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2024-10-30 01:39:16  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshihide_Suga
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Suga Yoshihide</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshihide Suga (1948.12.6-; prime minister of Japan from 2020 to 2021)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5428411 Active (id: 2319670)
菅直人
かんなおと
1. [person]
▶ Naoto Kan (1946.10.10-; prime minister of Japan 2010-2011)



History:
5. A 2024-10-30 11:17:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Naoto Kan (1946.10.10-; prime minister of Japan from 2010 to 2011)</gloss>
+<gloss>Naoto Kan (1946.10.10-; prime minister of Japan 2010-2011)</gloss>
4. A 2024-10-30 04:38:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2024-10-30 01:43:16  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naoto_Kan
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Naoto Kan (1946.10-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Naoto Kan (1946.10.10-; prime minister of Japan from 2010 to 2011)</gloss>
2. A 2018-02-09 09:19:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2018-02-08 18:46:07  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Kan Naoto (1946.10-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Naoto Kan (1946.10-)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5455135 Active (id: 2349823)
石破茂
いしばしげる
1. [person]
▶ Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30-2025.10.21)



History:
8. A 2025-10-22 06:52:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7. A* 2025-10-22 06:49:34  Sean McBroom <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30-2025.10.21)</gloss>
6. A 2024-10-30 04:36:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Well, we don't have to mimic Wikipedia, and what I put was more accurate.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan since 2024)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30)</gloss>
5. A* 2024-10-30 01:32:57  parfait8
  Comments:
this is more like the wikipedia entry
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; politician; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan since 2024)</gloss>
4. A 2024-10-30 01:24:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
OK
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; politician)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; politician; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30)</gloss>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

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jmnedict 5599042 Active (id: 2319667)
鳩山由紀夫鳩山友紀夫
はとやまゆきお
1. [person]
▶ Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; prime minister of Japan 2009-2010)



History:
7. A 2024-10-30 11:16:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; prime minister of Japan from 2009 to 2010)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; prime minister of Japan 2009-2010)</gloss>
6. A 2024-10-30 04:38:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2024-10-30 01:46:31  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukio_Hatoyama
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; Prime Minister of Japan, 2009-10)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; prime minister of Japan from 2009 to 2010)</gloss>
4. A 2024-03-06 20:31:28  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think this is more helpful than "93rd".
  Diff:
@@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>Hatoyama Yukio (1947.2.11-; 93rd Prime Minister of Japan)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; Prime Minister of Japan, 2009-10)</gloss>
3. A 2024-03-06 06:53:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Wikip: 2013年に名前を「友紀夫(読み同じ)」に改めた(本名は由紀夫のまま)。メディア出演時に「ペンネーム」として使用している。ただしニュース記事などでは「由紀夫」表記が使われることが依然として多い。2023年現在、本人の公式ウェブサイトのページタイトルは「鳩山由紀夫」の表記で、Twitterのプロフィールでも「由紀夫」の表記を併記している。
  Comments:
Better have both.
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmnedict 5625199 Active (id: 2319671)
福田康夫
ふくだやすお
1. [person]
▶ Yasuo Fukuda (1936.7.16-; prime minister of Japan 2007-2008)



History:
3. A 2024-10-30 11:18:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yasuo Fukuda (1936.7.16-; prime minister of Japan from 2007 to 2008)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yasuo Fukuda (1936.7.16-; prime minister of Japan 2007-2008)</gloss>
2. A 2024-10-30 04:36:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2024-10-30 01:50:02  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasuo_Fukuda
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Fukuda Yasuo (1936-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yasuo Fukuda (1936.7.16-; prime minister of Japan from 2007 to 2008)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5652291 Active (id: 2319666)
麻生太郎
あそうたろう
1. [person]
▶ Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-; prime minister of Japan 2008-2009)



History:
6. A 2024-10-30 11:15:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-; prime minister of Japan from 2008 to 2009)</gloss>
+<gloss>Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-; prime minister of Japan 2008-2009)</gloss>
5. A 2024-10-30 04:37:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2024-10-30 01:48:09  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarō_Asō
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-; prime minister of Japan from 2008 to 2009)</gloss>
3. A 2022-03-09 11:02:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A 2022-03-09 00:21:02  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Asou Tarō (1940.9.20-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-)</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmnedict 5672510 Active (id: 2319668)
野田佳彦
のだよしひこ
1. [person]
▶ Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-; prime minister of Japan 2011-2012)



History:
5. A 2024-10-30 11:16:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I favour a more concise form.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-; prime minister of Japan from 2011 to 2012)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-; prime minister of Japan 2011-2012)</gloss>
4. A 2024-10-30 04:37:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2024-10-30 01:41:18  parfait8
  Refs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshihiko_Noda
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-; prime minister of Japan from 2011 to 2012)</gloss>
2. A 2018-02-08 22:48:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2018-02-08 18:45:24  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Noda Yoshihiko (1957.5.20-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5747108 Active (id: 2319692)
是聞
せぶん
1. [given]
▶ Sebun



History:
2. A 2024-10-30 20:08:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2024-10-30 14:47:42  matsugase <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
https://www.nihonkiin.or.jp/player/htm/ki000455.htm

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