jmdict 1003560 Active (id#2319697)
刻々 [rK] ； 段々 [rK] ； 刻刻 [rK] ； 段段 [rK]
【 ギザギザ (nokanji) [ichi1] ； ぎざぎざ 】
  1. [n] [on-mim,uk]
    • notches
    • serration
    • indentation
    • jaggies (stair-step artifacts in computer images)
  2. [adj-na,adv,adv-to,vs] [on-mim,uk]
    • notched
    • serrated
    • jagged
    • corrugated
    • milled
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 2862057 ギザ歯【ぎざば】 1. jagged teeth
    • ⇐ see: 2863141 ギザ十【ぎざじゅう】 1. reeded-edge 10 yen coin (minted 1951-1958)
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 20:23:31 Jim Breen (id#2319697)
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:36:48 Stephen Kraus (id#2319593)
    • Refs
      Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ ぎざぎざ │  35,371 │ 16.4% │
│ ギザギザ │ 180,524 │ 83.6% │ - move up, move [ichi1] tag
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
    • Diff
      @@ -21 +21,2 @@
-<reb>ぎざぎざ</reb>
+<reb>ギザギザ</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
@@ -25,2 +26 @@
-<reb>ギザギザ</reb>
-<re_nokanji/>
+<reb>ぎざぎざ</reb>
    • A 2022-01-11 09:32:50 Marcus Richert
    • Diff
      @@ -3,0 +4,8 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>刻々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>段々</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
    • A 2022-01-11 08:54:17 Marcus Richert
    • Diff
      @@ -5,0 +6 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -8,0 +10 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
    • A 2017-06-28 11:29:45 Jim Breen
  6. (show/hide 3 older history records)
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Notes

  • Click on the entry seq# to see all versions of the entry. 　　　　　　
  • ⇒,⇔,⇐ Denote cross references (xrefs). ⇒ shows an xref from this entry sense to some other entry. ⇐ shows an xref on some other entry that points to this one; to change, edit the other entry. ⇔ indicates two xrefs, one in each direction.
  • Cross references marked with an asterisk (*) after the seq# denote a reference to an unapproved entry. These will disappear when the unapproved entry is approved.
jmdict 1004840 Active (id#2365328)
コロコロ [ichi1] ； ころころ； ころんころん； コロンコロン [sk]
  1. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • (rolling) along
    • (rolling) over and over
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 2702070 シロコロ 1. grilled balls of stuffed intestine (esp. at food stalls or yakiniku restaurants)
  2. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • with a bright, ringing sound (e.g. of a bell)
    • (laughing) in a bright, high-pitched tone
    • merrily
  3. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • (changing) frequently (of opinions, conversation topic, etc.)
    • constantly
    • often
    • always
  4. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • (losing) all too easily
    • (being defeated) one after another
    • in quick succession
  5. [adv,adv-to,vs] [on-mim]
    • chubby (and cute)
    • plump
    • round
  6. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • chirping (of insects)
  7. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • croaking (of a frog)
    • ribbit ribbit
    Cross references:
    • ⇒ see: 1048240 ケロケロ 1. croaking (of a frog); ribbit ribbit
  8. (コロコロ,ころころ only) [n] {trademark}
    • roller
    • lint roller
    • paint roller
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 2854088 粘着クリーナー【ねんちゃくクリーナー】 1. lint roller; lint remover
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2026-03-25 19:58:47 Stephen Kraus (id#2365328)
    • Comments
      Noting that we also do not have [on-mim] tags on the trademark senses of プチプチ (2404570) and ガチャガチャ(1003120).
    • A 2026-03-25 19:44:57 Stephen Kraus (id#2365327)
    • Comments
      Not needed.
    • A* 2026-03-25 14:34:33 Adrian Grana (id#2365308)
    • Comments
      but the trade name is still an onomatopoeia is it not? I don't see a reason to remove the on-mim tag
    • A 2026-03-25 08:13:47 Jim Breen (id#2365278)
    • Comments
      You see "コロコロ®"....
    • Diff
      @@ -77 +77 @@
-<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
+<field>&tradem;</field>
    • A* 2026-03-25 07:55:08 Adrian Grana (id#2365277)
    • Comments
      A we don't xref synonyms? what a shame, I think that's one of the most useful things about xrefs (which also many monolingual dictionaries do). I mean, if there was already an xref it would ahave saved me the trouble of googling around for 10 minutes since I wasn't sure what the more technical term for コロコロ was, if I had an xref it would have seriously helped me so I am sure it would be the same for others. Sad to here that this feature is unwanted, I don't see how it's not helpful but if that's  the rules then it's the rules. I also wonder what the barrier for "colloquial" is, it seems very arbitrary to me, I really cannot imagine ever using コロコロ in a formal setting if I am fully honest, that sounds so off to me.
    • Diff
      @@ -77 +77 @@
-<field>&tradem;</field>
+<misc>&on-mim;</misc>
  6. (show/hide 29 older history records)
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jmdict 1004840 Rejected (id#2365345)
コロコロ [ichi1] ； ころころ； ころんころん； コロンコロン [sk]
  1. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • (rolling) along
    • (rolling) over and over
  2. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • with a bright, ringing sound (e.g. of a bell)
    • (laughing) in a bright, high-pitched tone
    • merrily
  3. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • (changing) frequently (of opinions, conversation topic, etc.)
    • constantly
    • often
    • always
  4. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • (losing) all too easily
    • (being defeated) one after another
    • in quick succession
  5. [adv,adv-to,vs] [on-mim]
    • chubby (and cute)
    • plump
    • round
  6. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • chirping (of insects)
  7. [adv,adv-to] [on-mim]
    • croaking (of a frog)
    • ribbit ribbit
    Unresolved cross references:
    • ⇒ see: 1048240(1) ケロケロ[1]
  8. (コロコロ,ころころ only) [n] {trademark}
    • roller
    • lint roller
    • paint roller
Conjugations
History:
    • R 2026-03-26 04:48:02 Stephen Kraus (id#2365345)
    • A* 2026-03-26 04:21:01 Adrian (id#2365344)
    • Comments
      saying プチプチ and ガチャガチャ also don't have onomatopoeia tags seems like circular reasoning to me, essentially it's  just "We don’t tag this because we don’t tag similar things.” this explains consistency, not correctness
    • A* 2026-03-26 04:06:14 Adrian (id#2365343)
    • Comments
      Since when does an onomatopoeia stop being an onomatopoeia because a company slabbed a © on to it? That seems very wrong to me from a lexicographic and linguistic perspective
    • A 2026-03-25 19:58:47 Stephen Kraus (id#2365328)
    • Comments
      Noting that we also do not have [on-mim] tags on the trademark senses of プチプチ (2404570) and ガチャガチャ(1003120).
    • A 2026-03-25 19:44:57 Stephen Kraus (id#2365327)
    • Comments
      Not needed.
  6. (show/hide 32 older history records)
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jmdict 1019290 Active (id#2319684)
アルコール依存症
【 アルコールいぞんしょう； アルコールいそんしょう 】
  1. [n] {medicine}
    • alcohol dependency
    • alcoholism
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 14:13:11 Stephen Kraus (id#2319684)
    • Refs
      gg5, sankoku: 〘医〙
    • A* 2024-10-30 12:35:38 Marcus Richert (id#2319682)
    • Diff
      @@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<field>&med;</field>
    • A 2022-03-29 06:46:29 Jim Breen
    • A* 2022-03-29 02:50:10 Opencooper
    • Refs
      kokugos; NHK accent; forvo
    • Diff
      @@ -9,0 +10,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>アルコールいそんしょう</reb>
+</r_ele>
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jmdict 1041350 Active (id#2320257)
キャスティングボート； キャスチングボート； キャスティング・ボート； キャスチング・ボート
  1. [n]
    • casting vote
  2. [n]
    • balance of power (held by a minority party)
History:
    • A 2024-11-05 04:51:35 Jim Breen (id#2320257)
    • Comments
      Metaphor not used in English.
    • Diff
      @@ -18,0 +19,4 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>balance of power (held by a minority party)</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 23:30:27 (id#2319705)
    • Refs
      wiki & daijs have two senses
https://imidas.jp/idiom/detail/X-05-X-07-8-0002.html
    • A 2013-05-11 07:15:37 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -13,0 +13,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>キャスチング・ボート</reb>
+</r_ele>
    • A 2013-05-11 07:15:35 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.Added additional dotted reading(s) via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -10,0 +10,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>キャスティング・ボート</reb>
+</r_ele>
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jmdict 1148380 Active (id#2319611)
ワークショップ [gai1] ； ワークショプ [sk]
  1. [n]
    • workshop
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 02:20:03 Marcus Richert (id#2319611)
    • A* 2024-10-30 02:19:48 Marcus Richert (id#2319610)
    • Refs
      ワークショップ	2152810	99.9%
ワクショップ	0	0.0% removing
ワークショプ	2977	0.1% adding as sk
    • Diff
      @@ -9,2 +9,2 @@
-<reb>ワクショップ</reb>
-<re_pri>gai1</re_pri>
+<reb>ワークショプ</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
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jmdict 1196620 Active (id#2319604)
俄然
【 がぜん 】
  1. [adv]
    • suddenly
    • all of a sudden
    • abruptly
  2. [adv] [col]
    • very
    • absolutely
    • by far
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 01:50:19 Robin Scott (id#2319604)
    • Comments
      Daijs's ト・タル sense is "にわかなさま". The "とても、断然" meaning is only mentioned in a note.
Sankoku has it as a second sense and tags it as 俗. I don't think it should lead.
    • Diff
      @@ -17,3 +17,2 @@
-<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
-<pos>&adj-t;</pos>
-<misc>&form;</misc>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
@@ -20,0 +20,2 @@
+<gloss>absolutely</gloss>
+<gloss>by far</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-30 01:32:51 Jim Breen (id#2319589)
    • Comments
      All the JEs just have the suddenly sense. I think Daijisen's other sense, tagged "［文］", should go later.
    • Diff
      @@ -12,5 +11,0 @@
-<gloss>very</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&adv;</pos>
-<s_inf>orig. meaning</s_inf>
@@ -19,0 +15,6 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adv-to;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-t;</pos>
+<misc>&form;</misc>
+<gloss>very</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-29 13:32:52 Nikolai Vavilov (id#2319559)
    • Refs
      Daijisen
    • Diff
      @@ -11,0 +12,5 @@
+<gloss>very</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<s_inf>orig. meaning</s_inf>
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jmdict 1205260 Active (id#2319625)
攪拌； 撹拌
【 かくはん； こうはん [rk] 】
  1. [n,vs,vt]
    • agitation
    • stirring
    • whipping
    • beating
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 04:30:04 Jim Breen (id#2319625)
    • Comments
      Another test.
    • Diff
      @@ -9,4 +8,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>攪はん</keb>
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:28:59 Jim Breen (id#2319624)
    • Comments
      Mazegaki addition (maze3)
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>攪はん</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:28:34 Jim Breen (id#2319623)
    • Comments
      That was a test. Reversing the edit.
    • Diff
      @@ -9,4 +8,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>攪はん</keb>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:26:07 Jim Breen (id#2319622)
    • Comments
      Mazegaki addition (maze3)
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>攪はん</keb>
    • A 2024-09-23 15:02:20 Stephen Kraus (id#2314193)
    • Comments
      I get the impression that こうはん is probably still used by pedants.
    • Refs
      gendai reikai: 「こうはん」が本来の読みで、「かくはん」は慣用読み。
  6. (show/hide 5 older history records)
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jmdict 1229620 Active (id#2319894)
汲み取り； くみ取り； 酌み取り [rK] ； 汲取り [sK] ； 汲取 [sK]
【 くみとり 】
  1. [n]
    • dipping up (night soil)
    • scooping up
  2. [n]
    • understanding
    • grasping
    • surmising
History:
    • A 2024-11-02 18:37:42 Robin Scott (id#2319894)
    • Refs
      daij, koj
    • Diff
      @@ -29,0 +30,6 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>understanding</gloss>
+<gloss>grasping</gloss>
+<gloss>surmising</gloss>
+</sense>
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:07:50 Jim Breen (id#2319575)
    • Comments
      Tidying up after mazegaki addition.
    • Refs
      汲み取り	76231	61.1%
汲取り	10762	8.6%
汲取	4896	3.9%
くみ取り	30277	24.3%
酌み取り	2570	2.1% <- Daijisen
酌取り	102	0.1%
    • Diff
      @@ -7,0 +8,7 @@
+<keb>くみ取り</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>酌み取り</keb>
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +16 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -12,3 +19,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>くみ取り</keb>
    • A 2024-10-30 01:00:03 Jim Breen (id#2319573)
    • Comments
      Mazegaki addition (maze3)
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -12,0 +13,4 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>くみ取り</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
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jmdict 1276600 Active (id#2319578)
口まめ； 口忠実
【 くちまめ 】
  1. [adj-na,n] [dated]
    • talkative
    • voluble
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 01:17:36 Jim Breen (id#2319578)
    • A* 2024-10-29 21:44:05 Stephen Kraus (id#2319564)
    • Refs
      Sankoku 8: 〔古風〕

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────╮
│ 口忠実　 │   0 │
│ 口まめ　 │ 244 │ - move up
│ くちまめ │ 179 │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────╯
    • Diff
      @@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>口忠実</keb>
+<keb>口まめ</keb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<keb>口まめ</keb>
+<keb>口忠実</keb>
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<misc>&dated;</misc>
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jmdict 1289170 Active (id#2321042)
今思うと； いま思うと [sK] ； 今おもうと [sK]
【 いまおもうと 】
  1. [exp]
    • thinking back now
    • looking back
History:
    • A 2024-11-12 06:14:32 Jim Breen (id#2321042)
    • Comments
      Harmless and possibly useful. I'd leave it.
    • A* 2024-11-02 23:33:52 (id#2319939)
    • Refs
      今思うと	304257	39.0%
今思えば	475997	61.0%
    • A* 2024-11-02 22:50:49 Robin Scott (id#2319937)
    • Comments
      I don't think this is needed as an entry. The literal translation "when I think now" is very similar to the idiomatic "thinking about it now". The meaning is obvious.
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:27:03 Marcus Richert (id#2319587)
    • Diff
      @@ -20,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>looking back</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-30 01:26:39 Marcus Richert (id#2319586)
    • Refs
      今思うと 	304257	95.7%
いま思うと	12049	3.8%
今おもうと	1517	0.5%
    • Diff
      @@ -5,0 +6,8 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>いま思うと</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>今おもうと</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
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jmdict 1293850 Active (id#2319681)
最高 [ichi1,news1,nf01]
【 さいこう [ichi1,news1,nf01] ； サイコー [sk] 】
  1. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
    • best
    • supreme
    • wonderful
    • finest
    Cross references:
    • ⇔ ant: 1294220 最低 2. worst
    • ⇐ see: 2864596 最＆高【さいアンドこう】 1. best; supreme; wonderful; finest
  2. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
    • highest
    • maximum
    • most
    • uppermost
    • supreme
    Cross references:
    • ⇔ ant: 1294220 最低 1. least; lowest; minimum
    • ⇐ see: 2851620 最幸【さいこう】 1. super happy; wonderful; delightful; awesome
    • ⇐ see: 2840492 最の高【さいのこう】 1. awesome; the best
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 12:22:41 Marcus Richert (id#2319681)
    • Refs
      最高	27482676	97.4%
サイコー	734651	2.6%
    • Diff
      @@ -14,0 +15,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>サイコー</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
    • A 2022-01-26 23:31:37 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      I've adjusted a couple,
    • A* 2021-12-22 20:40:47 Jim Breen
    • A 2021-12-22 20:40:29 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      The ~100 sentences are mostly the"best" sense. I'll approve and reopen as I need to index some.
    • A* 2021-12-22 18:44:40 Robin Scott
    • Comments
      I'm not sure it is the most common sense. As a predicate adjective, definitely, but 最高 is used in all sorts of contexts. Most of the JE examples are for the "highest"/"maximum" sense. To me, it feels more natural to lead with that sense. All the JEs do.
  6. (show/hide 5 older history records)
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jmdict 1294220 Active (id#2319680)
最低 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
【 さいてい [ichi1,news1,nf03] ； サイテー [sk] 】
  1. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
    • least
    • lowest
    • minimum
    Cross references:
    • ⇔ ant: 1293850 最高 2. highest; maximum; most; uppermost; supreme
  2. [adj-no,adj-na]
    • worst
    Cross references:
    • ⇔ ant: 1293850 最高 1. best; supreme; wonderful; finest
  3. [adj-no,adj-na]
    • awful
    • horrible
    • nasty
    • disgusting
  4. [adv]
    • at the very least
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 12:16:00 Marcus Richert (id#2319680)
    • Refs
      最低	6369772	98.6%
サイテー	92404	1.4%
    • Diff
      @@ -14,0 +15,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>サイテー</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
    • A 2022-01-27 11:43:48 Robin Scott
    • Diff
      @@ -20 +20 @@
-<xref type="ant" seq="1293850">最高・1</xref>
+<xref type="ant" seq="1293850">最高・2</xref>
@@ -28 +28 @@
-<xref type="ant" seq="1293850">最高・2</xref>
+<xref type="ant" seq="1293850">最高・1</xref>
    • A 2019-06-29 22:24:50 Robin Scott
    • Comments
      I don't think that gloss adds anything. No references provided.
    • Diff
      @@ -38 +37,0 @@
-<gloss>worst imaginable</gloss>
    • A 2019-06-28 05:48:39 Jim Breen
    • Refs
      ???
    • Diff
      @@ -35 +34,0 @@
-<gloss>worst imaginable</gloss>
@@ -38,0 +38 @@
+<gloss>worst imaginable</gloss>
    • A* 2019-06-27 17:25:00
    • Diff
      @@ -34,0 +35 @@
+<gloss>worst imaginable</gloss>
  6. (show/hide 8 older history records)
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jmdict 1317520 Active (id#2319970)
自棄 [ichi1] ； 焼け [rK]
【 やけ [ichi1] ； ヤケ (nokanji) 】
  1. [n,adj-na] [uk]
    • desperation
    • despair
    • self-abandonment
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 1012770 やけに 1. awfully; frightfully; desperately; violently; unduly; extremely
    • ⇐ see: 2110660 自棄っぱち【やけっぱち】 1. complete desperation
    • ⇐ see: 1636880 自棄糞【やけくそ】 1. desperation; despair; self-abandonment
History:
    • A 2024-11-03 03:02:54 Jim Breen (id#2319970)
    • A* 2024-11-02 23:42:23 Robin Scott (id#2319941)
    • Comments
      じき needs to be split out as it's not an adjective.
GG5 has "やけの　desperate; self-abandoned" but I can't find any evidence of adj-no usage.
I don't think the x-ref is needed.
    • Diff
      @@ -17,4 +16,0 @@
-<reb>じき</reb>
-<re_restr>自棄</re_restr>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -26 +21,0 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -28 +22,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2426820">自棄になる</xref>
    • A 2024-10-30 10:56:09 Jim Breen (id#2319651)
    • Comments
      Yes, 自棄/じき is not uk, but it's hardly worth splitting out. AFAICT it's not that common.
    • A* 2024-10-30 07:24:42 parfait8 (id#2319638)
    • Comments
      自棄/自棄 is not adjectival, not sure it's [uk] and seems [vs] (daijr, obunsha), maybe should be split out
    • Refs
      Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 自棄になって │  9,770 │ 18.9% │
│ 焼けになって │    794 │  1.5% │ add rK (daijr/s, meikyo, kanken, koj) 
│ やけになって │ 21,934 │ 42.5% │
│ ヤケになって │ 19,109 │ 37.0% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
    • Diff
      @@ -9,0 +10 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
    • A 2019-06-27 23:19:09 Jim Breen
  6. (show/hide 6 older history records)
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jmdict 1318300 Active (id#2319725)
自転車をこぐ； 自転車を漕ぐ
【 じてんしゃをこぐ 】
  1. [exp,v5g]
    • to pedal a bicycle
    • to ride a bicycle
    • to cycle
    • to bike
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-31 03:38:13 Jim Breen (id#2319725)
    • Comments
      Can help reverse lookups.
    • Diff
      @@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<gloss>to bike</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-31 03:23:52 Marcus Richert (id#2319724)
    • Comments
      Isn't it convenient to have them somewhere for reverse look-ups, if nothing else? "to bike" might be informal but it's very common.
    • A 2024-10-30 10:36:07 Jim Breen (id#2319648)
    • Comments
      "bike" is very informal.
    • Diff
      @@ -16,4 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>to pedal a bike</gloss>
-<gloss>to ride a bike</gloss>
-<gloss>to bike</gloss>
-<gloss>to bicycle</gloss>
+<gloss>to pedal a bicycle</gloss>
+<gloss>to ride a bicycle</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 05:44:34 Marcus Richert (id#2319635)
    • Refs
      https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/bicycle
    • Diff
      @@ -18,0 +19,2 @@
+<gloss>to bicycle</gloss>
+<gloss>to cycle</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 03:46:34 Marcus Richert (id#2319615)
    • Diff
      @@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<gloss>to ride a bike</gloss>
  6. (show/hide 4 older history records)
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jmdict 1318310 Active (id#2319636)
自転車屋； じてんしゃ屋 [sK]
【 じてんしゃや 】
  1. [n]
    • bicycle shop
    • bicycle dealer
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 05:46:08 Marcus Richert (id#2319636)
    • Refs
      じてんしゃ屋	2586	1.2%
自転車屋	213429	98.8%
    • Diff
      @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>じてんしゃ屋</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
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jmdict 1387990 Active (id#2324235)
先生 [ichi1,news1,nf02]
【 せんせい [ichi1,news1,nf02] 】
  1. [n]
    • teacher
    • instructor
    • master
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 2841735 先生【せんじょう】 1. teacher; instructor; master
  2. [n,n-suf] [hon]
    • sensei
    • [expl] title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 2841453 先生と言われるほどの馬鹿でなし【せんせいといわれるほどのばかでなし】 1. I don't fall for flattery; (I'm) not so stupid that being called "sensei" (makes me feel good)
  3. [n] [fam,joc]
    • [expl] intimate or teasing form of address
  4. [n] [arch]
    《orig. meaning》
    • one's elder
History:
    • A 2024-11-27 06:47:01 Jim Breen (id#2324235)
    • Comments
      I think it was better as it was before.
    • Diff
      @@ -26 +25,0 @@
-<s_inf>title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.</s_inf>
@@ -27,0 +27 @@
+<gloss g_type="expl">title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 04:04:59 Marcus Richert (id#2319616)
    • Comments
      Better as note?
    • Diff
      @@ -25,0 +26 @@
+<s_inf>title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.</s_inf>
@@ -27 +27,0 @@
-<gloss g_type="expl">title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.</gloss>
    • A 2020-05-26 00:01:30 Marcus Richert
    • Refs
      Additionally, in my copy of Geisha in 
Rivalry by Kafū Nagai the "sensei" is 
not capitalized when used as a form of 
address.
    • A 2020-05-26 00:00:01 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      I would not be putting a capital letter on it in English. When I was a professor (no capital) people called me "Professor Breen", which is correct. However, we don't put "Professor" (with a capital) in a dictionary entry just because it's (also) used as a title.
    • A* 2020-05-25 19:55:13 Rene Malenfant
    • Comments
      used as a title or form of address (as per the gloss), it should be capitalized, no?
  6. (show/hide 5 older history records)
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jmdict 1400530 Active (id#2319714)
漕ぐ [ichi1]
【 こぐ [ichi1] 】
  1. [v5g,vt] [uk]
    • to row
    • to paddle
    • to scull
    • to pull (the oars)
  2. [v5g,vt] [uk]
    • to pedal (a bicycle, etc.)
  3. [v5g,vt] [uk]
    • to swing (on a swing)
  4. [v5g,vt] [uk]
    • to work (a hand pump)
  5. [v5g,vt] [uk]
    • to push through (a thicket, deep snow, etc.)
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-31 00:59:52 Jim Breen (id#2319714)
    • A* 2024-10-30 11:19:39 Marcus Richert (id#2319672)
    • Refs
      sense 3 (well 2 as well)
立ちこぎ	16605	58.2%
立ち漕ぎ	11935	41.8%

sense 5
雪をこいで	477	56.8%
雪を漕いで	363	43.2%
 gonna assume sense 4 is uk too. (it's not a separate sense in the kokugos)
    • Diff
      @@ -29,0 +30 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -34,0 +36 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -39,0 +42 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
    • A 2024-10-30 11:12:36 Jim Breen (id#2319663)
    • A* 2024-10-30 06:59:00 Marcus Richert (id#2319637)
    • Comments
      see 自転車をこぐ

prob safe to tag the remaining senses as uk too?
    • Diff
      @@ -23,0 +24 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
    • A 2023-10-16 19:46:41 Jim Breen (id#2280296)
  6. (show/hide 6 older history records)
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jmdict 1468850 Active (id#2320697)
年少 [news2,nf31]
【 ねんしょう [news2,nf31] 】
  1. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
    • young
    • juvenile
  2. [n]
    • child in the first year of kindergarten
History:
    • A 2024-11-09 06:27:58 Jim Breen (id#2320697)
    • Comments
      Closing.
    • A* 2024-11-03 21:24:35 Jim Breen (id#2320082)
    • A 2024-11-03 21:24:08 Jim Breen (id#2320081)
    • Comments
      Maybe this? I'll approve and reopen.
    • Diff
      @@ -23 +23 @@
-<gloss>child in first-year class (at a kindergarten or nursery school)</gloss>
+<gloss>child in the first year of kindergarten</gloss>
    • A* 2024-11-03 10:48:15 Marcus Richert (id#2320038)
    • Comments
      (didn't mean to edit the gloss)
    • A* 2024-11-03 07:52:21 Marcus Richert (id#2320009)
    • Comments
      When it is used at 保育園, it doesn't refer to a child in a first-year class but a 3-year-old (and I'm not even sure "class" would be the right terminology as 保育園 are not considered educational institutions, unlike 幼稚園). If we want to mention nursery schools I think we nees to gloss it differently, e.g. like daijs' does: 最年少の3歳児。「

mw suggests "kindergarten pupil"
    • Diff
      @@ -23 +23 @@
-<gloss>child in the first-year class (at a kindergarten or nursery school)</gloss>
+<gloss>child in first-year class (at a kindergarten or nursery school)</gloss>
  6. (show/hide 7 older history records)
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jmdict 1469000 Active (id#2351225)
年中 [ichi1,news1,nf16] ； 年じゅう [sK]
【 ねんじゅう [ichi1,news1,nf16] ； ねんちゅう； ねんぢゅう 】
  1. [n]
    • whole year
    • all year round
    • throughout the year
  2. (ねんじゅう,ねんぢゅう only) [adv]
    • always
    • all the time
    • perpetually
  3. [n]
    • during an era
  4. (ねんちゅう only) [n]
    • second-year kindergarten student
History:
    • A 2025-11-10 22:19:02 Stephen Kraus (id#2351225)
    • Refs
      Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮
│ 年中　　　 │ 3,578,506 │ 99.7% │
│ 年じゅう　 │     8,535 │  0.2% │ - sK
│ ねんじゅう │     1,911 │  0.1% │
│ ねんちゅう │       902 │  0.0% │
│ ねんぢゅう │         0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
    • Diff
      @@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -21 +21,0 @@
-<re_restr>年中</re_restr>
@@ -25 +24,0 @@
-<re_restr>年中</re_restr>
    • A 2024-11-01 00:15:08 Marcus Richert (id#2319784)
    • Comments
      without a mention in the 幼稚園 entry that it's a 3 year system in Japan, the xref is pointless.
    • Diff
      @@ -48 +47,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
    • A 2024-10-31 05:52:25 Jim Breen (id#2319741)
    • A* 2024-10-30 11:13:47 Marcus Richert (id#2319665)
    • Comments
      I think it's better to define sense 4 as a student then as a class. daijs does this: 幼稚園・保育園で、4歳児。
Interesting we had this sense for 年中 but not 年少 or 年長...

The x-ref might help Americans confused by the fact that in the US, kindergarten is just 1 year.
    • Diff
      @@ -48 +48,3 @@
-<gloss>middle class (of a nursery school, etc.)</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
+<gloss>second-year kindergarten student</gloss>
    • A 2017-10-29 15:41:28 Robin Scott
    • Comments
      Ok, I don't have a problem with keeping it.
Meikyo wasn't one of the refs you listed. I assumed the reading was added in error.
  6. (show/hide 7 older history records)
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jmdict 1469030 Active (id#2319785)
年長 [ichi1,news2,nf28]
【 ねんちょう [ichi1,news2,nf28] 】
  1. [adj-no,adj-na,n]
    • senior
    • older
  2. [n]
    • third-year kindergarten student
History:
    • A 2024-11-01 00:15:15 Marcus Richert (id#2319785)
    • Refs
      without a mention in the 幼稚園 entry that it's a 3 year system in Japan, the xref is pointless.
    • Diff
      @@ -25 +24,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
    • A 2024-10-30 20:16:22 Jim Breen (id#2319696)
    • Diff
      @@ -25,0 +26,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
    • A* 2024-10-30 11:09:50 Marcus Richert (id#2319656)
    • Comments
      The x-ref maybe helps? In the US, kindergarten is just 1-year
    • Diff
      @@ -22,0 +23,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1545260">幼稚園</xref>
+<gloss>third-year kindergarten student</gloss>
+</sense>
    • A 2017-02-09 03:03:14 Jim Breen
    • A* 2017-02-07 18:11:30 Robin Scott
    • Comments
      Adjective glosses make more sense.
    • Refs
      prog
http://yourei.jp/年長
KM n-grams:
年長な	237
年長の	5074
    • Diff
      @@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -19 +20,2 @@
-<gloss>seniority</gloss>
+<gloss>senior</gloss>
+<gloss>older</gloss>
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jmdict 1475330 Active (id#2319612)
白鳥 [ichi1,news1,nf15]
【 はくちょう [ichi1,news1,nf15] ； ハクチョウ (nokanji) 】
  1. [n]
    • swan (Cygnus spp.)
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 2842972 鵠【こく】 1. swan
    • ⇐ see: 2803260 鵠【くぐい】 1. swan
    • ⇐ see: 2863129 白鳥【しらとり】 2. swan
  2. [n]
    • white bird
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 03:19:14 Robin Scott (id#2319612)
    • Comments
      I think this is cleaner. Dropping ハクチョウ wouldn't be consistent with our usual style for animal entries.
Daijr and smk have the "white bird" sense for はくちょう.
    • Diff
      @@ -22,0 +23,4 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>white bird</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-28 06:52:16 Jim Breen (id#2319449)
    • A 2024-10-28 06:52:02 Jim Breen (id#2319448)
    • Comments
      I'll go along with the split. I'll approve and reopen.
    • Refs
      GG5, etc. Daijisen
    • Diff
      @@ -17,7 +16,0 @@
-<reb>しらとり</reb>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>しろとり</reb>
-<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf>
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
@@ -30,4 +22,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>white-feathered bird</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-26 02:30:40 Stephen Kraus (id#2319142)
    • Comments
      In that case, my vote would be to just hide ハクチョウ.
    • Refs
      Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ ハクチョウの雛　 │   453 │ 11.6% │
│ 白鳥の雛　　　　 │ 3,455 │ 88.4% │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤
│ ハクチョウが飛来 │   645 │  7.8% │
│ 白鳥が飛来　　　 │ 7,618 │ 92.2% │
├─ーーーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤
│ ハクチョウの飛来 │   615 │  8.1% │
│ 白鳥の飛来　　　 │ 6,948 │ 91.9% │
╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
    • A* 2024-10-26 01:55:02 Robin Scott (id#2319137)
    • Comments
      For aesthetic reasons, I'd support splitting out しらとり/しろとり. I'm not fond of this sort of merge when there are [nokanji] readings.
I don't think "cygnet" is needed as a gloss. We don't have "puppy" for 犬.
    • Diff
      @@ -30 +29,0 @@
-<gloss>cygnet</gloss>
  6. (show/hide 9 older history records)
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jmdict 1507570 Active (id#2319973)
平素 [news2,nf36]
【 へいそ [news2,nf36] 】
  1. [adj-no,n]
    • usual
    • ordinary
    • normal
    • regular
    • everyday
  2. [adv]
    • ordinarily
    • normally
    • usually
History:
    • A 2024-11-03 03:20:47 Jim Breen (id#2319973)
    • Comments
      The count for 平素が hardly supports it being a noun.
    • A* 2024-11-03 01:14:46 Robin Scott (id#2319950)
    • Comments
      It is a noun.
We usually have [adv] as a separate sense.
    • Refs
      gg5, prog, luminous, daij
gg5: 平素から注意深い　always be [have always been] careful
     平素のとおり　as usual
    • Diff
      @@ -15,0 +16,8 @@
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>usual</gloss>
+<gloss>ordinary</gloss>
+<gloss>normal</gloss>
+<gloss>regular</gloss>
+<gloss>everyday</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
@@ -17,4 +25,3 @@
-<gloss>ordinary</gloss>
-<gloss>in the past</gloss>
-<gloss>usual</gloss>
-<gloss>regular</gloss>
+<gloss>ordinarily</gloss>
+<gloss>normally</gloss>
+<gloss>usually</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-31 00:53:31 Jim Breen (id#2319712)
    • Comments
      Glosses much the same as in the JEs. Certainly not a noun.
    • Refs
      平素	244820
平素は	125575
平素が	101
平素な	556
平素の	19022
    • A* 2024-10-30 23:45:36 Marcus Richert (id#2319706)
    • Comments
      glosses need some clean up? Not sure adj-no should lead but most of the glosses are currently adjectives
    • Refs
      mk 「━の努力が実を結ぶ」
daijr 「━の行い」
daijs 「平素の努力」
    • Diff
      @@ -15 +15 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
    • A 2021-03-31 04:44:09 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      Bulk update n-adv to n,adv
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -15 +15,2 @@
-<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
  6. (show/hide 1 older history records)
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jmdict 1532540 Active (id#2319690)
明朝 [ichi1,news2,nf47]
【 みょうちょう [ichi1,news2,nf47] ； みょうあさ 】
  1. [n,adv]
    • tomorrow morning
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 2846396 明旦【みょうたん】 1. tomorrow morning
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 17:10:06 Stephen Kraus (id#2319690)
    • Refs
      sankoku: やや改まった言い方
    • A* 2024-10-30 15:27:53 GM (id#2319686)
    • Refs
      daijs, oukoku
    • Diff
      @@ -14,0 +15,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>みょうあさ</reb>
    • A 2021-03-31 04:44:45 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      Bulk update n-adv to n,adv
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -17 +17,2 @@
-<pos>&n-adv;</pos>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
    • A 2021-03-10 00:36:26 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      Bulk update: Removal of n-t POS
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -18 +17,0 @@
-<pos>&n-t;</pos>
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jmdict 1545260 Active (id#2321037)
幼稚園 [ichi1,news1,nf07]
【 ようちえん [ichi1,news1,nf07] 】
  1. [n]
    • kindergarten (in Japan, non-compulsory education from age 3 until primary school)
    • preschool
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 2854424 園【えん】 2. kindergarten; nursery school; preschool
History:
    • A 2024-11-12 05:48:29 Jim Breen (id#2321037)
    • Comments
      I can live with this.
    • A* 2024-11-11 03:13:02 Marcus Richert (id#2320903)
    • Comments
      I think precisely because there is a lot of confusion and different terms in use in the Anglosphere (and beyond), we really ought to explain exactly what this refers to in Japanese.
    • Refs
      https://www.wokingham.gov.uk/children-families-and-young-people/children-and-families/childcare-pre-schools-and-nurseries/starting-nursery-or-preschool
"Day nurseries can care for children normally from around 3 months up until compulsory school age. "
"Preschools are often run by a voluntary committee. Normally they care for children from 3 years old, up until compulsory school age although some now care for children from 2 years old. "

https://directories.merton.gov.uk/kb5/merton/directory/advice.page;jsessionid=693DA256A03E72D7586A764F23E04D56?id=Rl5dFEqueTw
Day nurseries offer full-time or part-time childcare for children, often from 6 weeks old. Day nurseries are usually open from 8am to 6pm.
Preschools offer childcare in sessions which range from 2 ½ to 4 hours, either mornings or afternoons, and cater for children from the age of 2. They are usually only open during school term time and not for the whole day. Preschools are sometimes called playgroups or kindergartens and also include Montessori schools.

https://familyserviceshub.havering.gov.uk/kb5/havering/directory/advice.page?id=Ghwqqw8JUYI
Up to 2 years old: If you need childcare before your child is 2 years then either a registered childminder or day nursery would suit your needs.  ...
2 years old: When your child reaches 2 you may want to consider an early years childcare place available at preschools, Day Nurseries, Childminders and at some schools with nurseries.


The Oxford Learner's dictionary is vague and unclear about this distinction, but it becomes very apparent when looking through the google results. Seems like kindergarten is not commonly used in the UK and while actual usage seems to align with how it's used in the US, the OEL suggests that in British use, it's a synonym to nursery school. Which it actually defines as "school for children between the ages of about two and five" which. again, doesn't mesh at all with what I'm actually seeing on site:gov.uk /site:uk sites.
    • Diff
      @@ -18 +18 @@
-<gloss>kindergarten</gloss>
+<gloss>kindergarten (in Japan, non-compulsory education from age 3 until primary school)</gloss>
@@ -20 +19,0 @@
-<gloss>nursery school</gloss>
    • A* 2024-11-03 10:24:52 Marcus Richert (id#2320033)
    • Comments
      Are you really sure about that, Robin? Because that's not at all what I'm seeing (at a glance).

If we're going to throw in "nursery school" in here, which again, I really don't think we should, I think we do need to explain the difference between a 幼稚園 and 保育園, because there are several specific differences that are very relevant to foreigners with young kids in Japan. (I'm not being argumentative just for the sake of it)
    • Refs
      https://www.emmasdiary.co.uk/baby/childcare/preschool-guide
There are a number of differences between pre-school and nursery, and it is down to personal preference as to where you choose to send your child. Your choice will depend on your child’s age, what you are looking for from a setting and how you child is developmentally. Difference include:

Nurseries will take children from ages one – three where as pre-schools generally take children from three – five.
Pre-schools have a formal curriculum and trained teachers. Conversely, nursery schools have a more relaxed environment and have a wider variety of programs.
Nurseries tend to cost more than pre-schools do but this is not a hard and fast rule.
Pre-schools emphasis preparing the children for future education, while nurseries give a lighter learning experience and act more like a childcare provider.

https://www.daynurseries.co.uk/advice/what-is-a-pre-school
Difference between nursery and pre-school
    • A* 2024-11-03 03:44:37 Jim Breen (id#2319980)
    • Comments
      Let's put "nursery school" back and leave it. The terminology varies a lot - what Americans call kindergarten we call "prep", etc., etc. In general "nursery school" seems to fit 保育園/保育所. After all, the 保育 indicates rather young kids. (My 5yo granddaughter is in prep, and my 3yo grandson is in kindergarten.)
    • Diff
      @@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>nursery school</gloss>
    • A* 2024-11-03 01:46:02 Robin Scott (id#2319952)
    • Comments
      幼稚園 corresponds to what we call "nursery (school)" in the UK. It's synonymous with "preschool". I think "nursery school" is a better fit for 幼稚園 than 保育園/保育所.
  6. (show/hide 8 older history records)
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jmdict 1549140 Active (id#2364461)
卵 [ichi1,news1,nf05] ； 玉子 [spec1]
【 たまご [spec1,ichi1,news1,nf05] 】
  1. (卵 only) [n]
    • eggs
    • egg
    • spawn
    • roe
  2. [n]
    《oft. 玉子 in cooking》
    • (hen's) egg
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 1862520 お玉【おたま】 2. (hen's) egg
    • ⇐ see: 1240530 玉【たま】 14. egg
  3. (卵 only) [n]
    《as ...の卵》
    • a ... in the making
    • future (lawyer, doctor, etc.)
    • budding ...
  4. (卵 only) [n]
    • beginning
    • origin
    • infancy
History:
    • A 2026-03-13 20:03:37 Stephen Kraus (id#2364461)
    • Comments
      Adding spec1 tag to reading to make a pair with the tag on 玉子.
    • Diff
      @@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
    • A 2024-10-30 11:12:09 Jim Breen (id#2319662)
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:35:34 Robin Scott (id#2319592)
    • Comments
      I don't think "expert" is right.
    • Diff
      @@ -36,2 +36,2 @@
-<s_inf>as Xの卵</s_inf>
-<gloss>(an expert) in the making</gloss>
+<s_inf>as ...の卵</s_inf>
+<gloss>a ... in the making</gloss>
@@ -39 +39 @@
-<gloss>budding</gloss>
+<gloss>budding ...</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-29 07:01:23 Jim Breen (id#2319534)
    • Comments
      Can't think of an alternative to adjective glosses.
    • Refs
      GG5
    • Diff
      @@ -38,0 +39 @@
+<gloss>budding</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-29 03:39:52 (id#2319519)
    • Diff
      @@ -35,0 +36 @@
+<s_inf>as Xの卵</s_inf>
@@ -36,0 +38 @@
+<gloss>future (lawyer, doctor, etc.)</gloss>
  6. (show/hide 9 older history records)
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jmdict 1585870 Active (id#2319609)
臍帯； さい帯
【 さいたい； せいたい (臍帯) 】
  1. [n] {anatomy}
    • umbilical cord
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 01:59:50 Robin Scott (id#2319609)
    • Comments
      See my comment on 2178850 regarding adj-no.
I went with [anat] because Wiktionary and RP tag "umbilical cord" as an anatomy term.
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:30:51 parfait8 (id#2319588)
    • Comments
      gg5: 臍帯の　【医】 umbilical.
wouldn't [adj-no] be appropriate here?
also this seems more [biol] than [anat] to me
    • A 2024-10-30 01:22:01 Robin Scott (id#2319581)
    • Diff
      @@ -19 +19 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<field>&anat;</field>
    • A 2024-10-29 04:57:47 Jim Breen (id#2319526)
    • A* 2024-10-29 02:44:00 (id#2319517)
    • Refs
      臍帯	56400	60.5%
さい帯	36826	39.5%
せい帯	0	0.0%
    • Diff
      @@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>さい帯</keb>
@@ -11,0 +15 @@
+<re_restr>臍帯</re_restr>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1602430 Active (id#2319654)
不意打ち [news2,nf41] ； 不意討ち [rK] ； 不意撃ち [sK]
【 ふいうち [news2,nf41] 】
  1. [n]
    • surprise attack
    • surprise visit
    • catching a person off guard
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:07:55 Jim Breen (id#2319654)
    • A* 2024-10-30 08:10:57 parfait8 (id#2319642)
    • Refs
      Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 不意打ち │ 188,223 │ 96.4% │
│ 不意討ち │   6,319 │  3.2% │ add rK (sankoku, meikyo, daijs, etc.)
│ 不意撃ち │     653 │  0.3% │ add (smk)
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
    • Diff
      @@ -10,0 +11,5 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>不意撃ち</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
    • A 2020-05-27 00:42:22 Jim Breen
    • Refs
      GG5, etc.
    • Diff
      @@ -20,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>catching a person off guard</gloss>
    • A* 2020-05-26 15:06:35
    • Diff
      @@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>surprise visit</gloss>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1852750 Active (id#2319736)
恩に着せる
【 おんにきせる 】
  1. [exp,v1]
    • to demand gratitude
    • to make a favour of something
    • to remind of a favour done to someone
    • to emphasize the favour one has done
    Cross references:
    • ⇔ see: 2056100 恩着せがましい 1. patronizing; expecting gratitude in return; acting like one is doing someone a favor; condescending
    • ⇐ see: 2603490 恩にかける【おんにかける】 1. to demand gratitude; to make a favour of something; to remind of a favour done to someone; to emphasize the favour one has done
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-31 03:54:41 Jim Breen (id#2319736)
    • A* 2024-10-30 16:16:15 Brian Krznarich (id#2319689)
    • Comments
      See notes at removed xref 恩に掛ける.  Exceedingly rare, not helpful to link in that direction.

恩着せがましい by comparison is 8 times more popular than this formulation. For someone who encounters this term, I think it's worth seeing the other, but it isn't strictly needed.
    • Refs
      恩着せがまし	15956	  
恩に着せ	2068	 
恩にかける 20
    • Diff
      @@ -13,2 +13 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2603490">恩に掛ける</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2603490">恩に掛ける</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2056100">恩着せがましい</xref>
    • A 2011-01-01 23:54:31 Rene Malenfant
    • A* 2010-12-25 05:45:33 Scott
    • Refs
      koj daij
    • Diff
      @@ -13,0 +13,1 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2603490">恩に掛ける</xref>
@@ -14,0 +15,3 @@
+<gloss>to make a favour of something</gloss>
+<gloss>to remind of a favour done to someone</gloss>
+<gloss>to emphasize the favour one has done</gloss>
    • A 2010-12-24 06:06:22 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      Added additional PoS via batch update.Added additional PoS via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -12,0 +12,1 @@
+<pos>&v1;</pos>
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jmdict 1888890 Active (id#2319645)
先生に就く
【 せんせいにつく 】
  1. [exp,v5k]
    • to study under a teacher
    Cross references:
    • ⇒ see: 1331530 就く 4. to study (under teacher); to be an apprentice
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 10:29:27 Jim Breen (id#2319645)
    • Comments
      Not obvious.
    • Refs
      先生に就いた	1699
先生に就いて	615
    • Diff
      @@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1331530">就く・4</xref>
    • A* 2024-10-30 04:07:26 Marcus Richert (id#2319618)
    • Comments
      since 先生に is an explicit part of the word
    • Diff
      @@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>to study under (a teacher)</gloss>
+<gloss>to study under a teacher</gloss>
    • A 2010-09-13 04:46:11 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      Added additional PoS via batch update.Added additional PoS via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -12,0 +12,1 @@
+<pos>&v5k;</pos>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1888900 Deleted (id#2319644)
先生の述
【 せんせいのじゅつ 】
  1. [n]
    • teachers statement (expounding)
History:
    • D 2024-10-30 10:27:13 Jim Breen (id#2319644)
    • Comments
      Indeed.
    • D* 2024-10-30 04:06:58 Marcus Richert (id#2319617)
    • Comments
      I don't even understand what the gloss means.
    • Refs
      先生の述	No matches
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jmdict 1981670 Active (id#2319582)
大やけど； 大火傷
【 おおやけど 】
  1. [n]
    • large burn
    • large scald
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 01:22:20 Marcus Richert (id#2319582)
    • Refs
      大火傷	19730	49.5%
大やけど	20043	50.3%
大焼けど	80	0.2%
    • Diff
      @@ -15 +15,2 @@
-<gloss>large burn or scald</gloss>
+<gloss>large burn</gloss>
+<gloss>large scald</gloss>
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jmdict 2012700 Active (id#2319652)
日暮らし； 日暮し； 日ぐらし [sK]
【 ひぐらし 】
  1. [n,adj-no,adv] [form]
    • from morning to evening
    • all day long
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:06:12 Jim Breen (id#2319652)
    • Comments
      See 2012710.
    • Diff
      @@ -8,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>日ぐらし</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
    • A 2024-10-28 05:26:38 Jim Breen (id#2319427)
    • Comments
      Reasonably high count.
    • Refs
      日暮らし	225740
日暮らしの	23162
    • Diff
      @@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<misc>&form;</misc>
    • A* 2024-10-28 02:59:30 parfait8 (id#2319402)
    • Comments
      i'm not sure this is [adj-no]
sankoku and smk have it tagged as 雅, daijr uses an archaic example - maybe [form] would be appropriate?
    • A 2017-01-13 17:31:52 Johan Råde
    • Refs
      gg5 daijs
G n-grams:
 日暮らし	225740
 日暮し	 47383
    • Diff
      @@ -16,2 +16,3 @@
-<gloss>twilight</gloss>
-<gloss>evening hours</gloss>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<gloss>from morning to evening</gloss>
+<gloss>all day long</gloss>
    • A* 2016-12-24 18:03:53 Amen Lernsky
    • Comments
      i doubt the meaning. quite different to その日暮らし.
    • Refs
      https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ひぐらし
    • Diff
      @@ -16,2 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>day-to-day existence</gloss>
-<gloss>living hand-to-mouth</gloss>
+<gloss>twilight</gloss>
+<gloss>evening hours</gloss>
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jmdict 2012710 Active (id#2319653)
蜩； 茅蜩 [rK] ； 日暮 [rK] ； 日暮らし [sK] ； 日ぐらし [sK] ； 日暮し [sK]
【 ヒグラシ (nokanji)； ひぐらし 】
  1. [n] [uk]
    • evening cicada (Tanna japonensis)
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 2862216 蜩【かなかな】 1. evening cicada (Tanna japonensis)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:07:08 Jim Breen (id#2319653)
    • Comments
      I'm comfortable with this entry, but we may as well have 日ぐらし[sK] in the other one too.
    • A* 2024-10-28 02:55:10 parfait8 (id#2319400)
    • Comments
      my problem with duplicating the kanji forms is that it makes search slightly less immediate
"日ぐらし" search-only form is here and not in the other entry, but results on google are mostly related to the 一日中 sense
we obviously could have "日ぐらし" in both the entries, but only having it in the 一日中 sense entry seems less confusing to me

btw not related to my previous comment but i think 日暮 is [io], in none of my refs
    • A* 2024-10-28 02:39:19 Robin Scott (id#2319397)
    • Comments
      Daijs and nikk combine the two meanings into entry.
With two entries like this, I think it's better to duplicate the kanji form(s) rather than the sense.
    • A* 2024-10-27 00:28:32 parfait8 (id#2319232)
    • Comments
      wouldn't it make more sense if we added the 日- forms to the 日暮らし entry as an additional sense and x-ref it here?
this is how daijs, saito and nikk do it
    • A 2024-08-18 02:37:25 Stephen Kraus (id#2308978)
    • Refs
      Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ ヒグラシの声 │ 9,192 │ 57.4% │ - moving up
│ ひぐらしの声 │ 4,612 │ 28.8% │
│ 蜩の声　　　 │ 1,978 │ 12.4% │
│ 日暮の声　　 │   118 │  0.7% │
│ 日暮らしの声 │    48 │  0.3% │
│ 日ぐらしの声 │    47 │  0.3% │ - add, sK
│ 日暮しの声　 │    20 │  0.1% │ - add, sK
│ 茅蜩の声　　 │     0 │  0.0% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
    • Diff
      @@ -19,3 +19,8 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>ひぐらし</reb>
-</r_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>日ぐらし</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>日暮し</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
@@ -24,0 +30,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ひぐらし</reb>
  6. (show/hide 5 older history records)
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jmdict 2110660 Active (id#2319650)
自棄っぱち [rK] ； 焼けっぱち [sK]
【 やけっぱち； ヤケっぱち [sk] 】
  1. [n,adj-na,adj-no] [uk,col]
    • complete desperation
    Cross references:
    • ⇒ see: 1317520 【やけ】 1. desperation; despair; self-abandonment
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 10:39:48 Jim Breen (id#2319650)
    • A* 2024-10-30 07:33:59 parfait8 (id#2319640)
    • Refs
      Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 自棄っぱち │  1,267 │  3.5% │ add rK
│ 焼けっぱち │    203 │  0.6% │ add
│ やけっぱち │ 33,416 │ 92.3% │
│ ヤケっぱち │  1,331 │  3.7% │ add
╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

sankoku and shinkoku have 俗
smk: 「やけ」の口頭語的な強調表現。
    • Diff
      @@ -5,0 +6,5 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>焼けっぱち</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -8,0 +14,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ヤケっぱち</reb>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -16,0 +26 @@
+<misc>&col;</misc>
    • A 2019-06-27 23:20:11 Jim Breen
    • A* 2019-06-27 16:55:49 Marcus Richert
    • Refs
      自棄っぱち	1267
焼けっぱっち	No matches
やけっぱっち	No matches
ヤケっぱっち	No matches
ヤケッパッチ	No matches
ヤケっパッチ	No matches
自棄ぱち	No matches
焼けぱっち	No matches
やけぱっち	No matches
ヤケぱっち	No matches
ヤケパッチ	No matches
    • Diff
      @@ -11,0 +12,2 @@
+<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
@@ -17,5 +18,0 @@
-<sense>
-<pos>&adj-na;</pos>
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>completely desperate</gloss>
-</sense>
    • A 2012-04-30 23:06:44 Jim Breen
  6. (show/hide 2 older history records)
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jmdict 2426860 Active (id#2319649)
自棄のやんぱち； 自棄のやん八 [rK] ； 焼けのやんぱち [sK]
【 やけのやんぱち； ヤケのやんぱち [sk] 】
  1. [exp,n] [uk,col]
    • (sense of) desperation
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 10:39:05 Jim Breen (id#2319649)
    • A* 2024-10-30 07:30:38 parfait8 (id#2319639)
    • Refs
      Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 自棄のやんぱち │   122 │  4.8% │ add (sankoku, daijr, etc.)
│ 焼けのやんぱち │    75 │  3.0% │ add sK (only in koj)
│ 自棄のやん八　 │    58 │  2.3% │ add rK (daijs, shinkoku, etc.)
│ やけのやん八　 │    43 │  1.7% │
│ やけのやんぱち │ 2,032 │ 80.6% │
│ ヤケのやんぱち │   192 │  7.6% │ add sk
╰─ーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯

sankoku and shinkoku have 俗
    • Diff
      @@ -4,0 +5,3 @@
+<keb>自棄のやんぱち</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -5,0 +9 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -8,0 +13 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -15 +20 @@
-<re_nokanji/>
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -20,0 +26 @@
+<misc>&col;</misc>
    • A 2019-06-29 06:01:36 Jim Breen
    • A* 2019-06-27 16:57:44 Marcus Richert
    • Refs
      自棄のやん八	58
やけのやんぱち	2032
やけのやん八	43
ヤケのやん八	No matches
ヤケのやんぱち	192
焼けのやんぱち	75
焼けのやん八	No matches
    • Diff
      @@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>焼けのやんぱち</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -9,0 +13,4 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ヤケのやんぱち</reb>
+<re_nokanji/>
+</r_ele>
@@ -10,0 +18 @@
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -11,0 +20 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
    • A 2009-02-17 00:00:00
    • Comments
      Entry created
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jmdict 2432660 Active (id#2319584)
プロ意識
【 プロいしき 】
  1. [n]
    • professionalism
    • professional awareness
    • professional attitude
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 01:25:24 Jim Breen (id#2319584)
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:10:34 (id#2319576)
    • Diff
      @@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>professional attitude</gloss>
    • A 2022-02-18 22:11:57 Jim Breen
    • A* 2022-02-18 12:55:24 dine
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>professionalism; professional awareness</gloss>
+<gloss>professionalism</gloss>
+<gloss>professional awareness</gloss>
    • A 2009-02-17 00:00:00
    • Comments
      Entry created
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jmdict 2464970 Active (id#2319703)
バートレット法
【 バートレットほう 】
  1. [n] {law}
    • Bartlett Act (US)
  2. [n]
    • Bartlett method (technique for estimating power spectra)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 22:24:46 Jim Breen (id#2319703)
    • A* 2024-10-27 11:03:07 Marcus Richert (id#2319289)
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>Bartlett Act (1964)</gloss>
+<field>&law;</field>
+<gloss>Bartlett Act (US)</gloss>
@@ -16,2 +17 @@
-<gloss>Bartlett method</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">technique for estimating power spectra</gloss>
+<gloss>Bartlett method (technique for estimating power spectra)</gloss>
    • A 2012-12-17 23:09:13 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      Rene quoted Kojien when entering this in 2009, but I can't find it there.
    • Refs
      情報・知識imidas (sense 1)
Igaku (sense 2)
    • Diff
      @@ -14,0 +14,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>Bartlett method</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">technique for estimating power spectra</gloss>
+</sense>
    • D* 2012-12-17 12:26:29 Marcus Richert
    • Comments
      googled in English but unsure which act this even is
    • Refs
      47 hits (b)
    • A 2009-07-17 00:00:00
    • Comments
      Entry created
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jmdict 2603490 Active (id#2319735)
恩にかける； 恩に掛ける [rK]
【 おんにかける 】
  1. [exp,v1] [rare]
    • to demand gratitude
    • to make a favour of something
    • to remind of a favour done to someone
    • to emphasize the favour one has done
    Cross references:
    • ⇒ see: 1852750 恩に着せる 1. to demand gratitude; to make a favour of something; to remind of a favour done to someone; to emphasize the favour one has done
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-31 03:54:14 Jim Breen (id#2319735)
    • Comments
      [rK] is fine - it's in Koj (「恩に着せる」に同じ。)
    • A* 2024-10-30 16:10:49 Brian Krznarich (id#2319688)
    • Comments
      Some book results sprinkled across the 1900s.  No news, twitter, etc.

Got here via 恩着せがましい found in the wild, xref'd to 恩に着せる (useful), xref'd here. While defined as synonymous, this entry looks rare/obsolete.  I will edit 恩に着せる to break the xref here as well.

恩に掛け with both kanji is exceedingly rare.  Matches ~15 google book hits.  Would [sK], but it's worth showing which of the かける kanji applies.
    • Refs
      恩に掛け* 0
恩にかけ  0
恩にかける	20	(only match for 恩にかけ*)
vs.
恩に着せ	2068	  
恩に着せる	1129	  
恩に着せて	487	  
恩に着せない	347
    • Diff
      @@ -4,0 +5,3 @@
+<keb>恩にかける</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -5,0 +9 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -13,0 +18 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
    • A 2011-01-01 23:54:44 Rene Malenfant
    • A* 2010-12-25 05:45:15 Scott
    • Refs
      koj daij
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jmdict 2828342 Active (id#2319701)
貰いゲロ
【 もらいゲロ (nokanji)； もらいげろ 】
  1. [n,vs,vi] [uk]
    • sympathy vomiting
    • vomiting due to the sight or the smell of another person's vomit
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 21:38:15 Stephen Kraus (id#2319701)
    • Comments
      If もらいげろ is hidden, then 貰いゲロ wouldn't have any associated readings.
    • Diff
      @@ -13 +12,0 @@
-<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
    • A 2024-10-30 20:51:15 Jim Breen (id#2319699)
    • Comments
      Probably just best hidden.
    • Diff
      @@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
    • A* 2024-10-30 12:11:06 Marcus Richert (id#2319679)
    • Comments
      Is it worth keeping もらいげろ?
    • Refs
      もらいゲロ	2108	73.7%
貰いゲロ	625	21.9%
もらいげろ	126	4.4%
貰いげろ	0	0.0%
    • Diff
      @@ -7,3 +6,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>貰いげろ</keb>
-</k_ele>
@@ -12 +9 @@
-<re_restr>貰いゲロ</re_restr>
+<re_nokanji/>
@@ -16 +12,0 @@
-<re_restr>貰いげろ</re_restr>
@@ -20,0 +17,2 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
    • A 2018-08-29 23:55:58 Jim Breen
    • A* 2018-08-29 20:47:19 Marcus Richert
    • Comments
      nvm
    • Refs
      http://mentalfloss.com/article/67710/why-do-i-gag-when-someone-else-barfs
The phenomenon is called “sympathy vomiting,” 
https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Sympathy Vomiting
    • Diff
      @@ -20,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>sympathy vomiting</gloss>
  6. (show/hide 4 older history records)
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jmdict 2834250 Active (id#2319698)
丿乀
【 へつほつ； へつぽつ； へつふつ 】
  1. [adv-to,adj-t]
    • rocking from side to side (of a boat)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 20:48:15 Jim Breen (id#2319698)
    • Refs
      https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/丿乀
    • Diff
      @@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>へつふつ</reb>
    • A* 2024-10-30 14:09:00 Kiadpawi Mutarapat (id#2319683)
    • Refs
      https://kotobank.jp/word/丿乀-379301#:~:text=へつ‐ほつ【丿&JISF047;】&text=② ( 形動タリ ) 左右,ゆれ動くさまにいう。
    • Diff
      @@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>へつほつ</reb>
+</r_ele>
    • A 2018-01-12 00:37:36 Jim Breen
    • A* 2018-01-10 02:34:14 Marcus Richert
    • Comments
      Actually the example sentence was from a book from 1911 and 
I found "へつぼつと" in a book from 1929 as well.
    • Diff
      @@ -13 +12,0 @@
-<misc>&arch;</misc>
    • A* 2018-01-10 01:09:42 Marcus Richert
    • Comments
      Interesting kanji (daijr: 〔漢字の筆画の名で、左に払うものを
「へつ」、右に払うものを「ほつ」といったことから〕)
    • Refs
      daijr
arch based on example sentence: 「 －として、波に漂ふ一隻の帆
船／此一戦 広徳」
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jmdict 2836782 Active (id#2319713)
立ちこぎ； 立ち漕ぎ
【 たちこぎ 】
  1. [n,vs,vi]
    • standing on bicycle pedals (out of the saddle)
  2. [n,vs,vi]
    • standing on a swing
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-31 00:55:11 Jim Breen (id#2319713)
    • A* 2024-10-30 11:24:35 Marcus Richert (id#2319673)
    • Refs
      daijr splits into two senses

vs in daijr
vs,vi in 三省堂国語辞典　第八版
    • Diff
      @@ -14,0 +15,2 @@
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
@@ -15,0 +18,5 @@
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
    • A 2018-10-15 11:16:53 Jim Breen
    • Refs
      立ち漕ぎ	11935
立ちこぎ	16605
たちこぎ	1420
    • Diff
      @@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>立ち漕ぎ</keb>
+<keb>立ちこぎ</keb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<keb>立ちこぎ</keb>
+<keb>立ち漕ぎ</keb>
    • A* 2018-10-13 21:36:44
    • Refs
      images for ブランコ 立ち漕ぎ
    • Diff
      @@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>standing on a swing</gloss>
    • A* 2018-10-13 21:30:56
    • Refs
      https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=立ちこぎ
http://bicycle.omakase-hp.com/word/140/post_95.html
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jmdict 2859650 Active (id#2321011)
稚児蟹； 稚児がに [sK]
【 チゴガニ (nokanji)； ちごがに 】
  1. [n] [uk]
    • Ilyoplax pusilla (crab species)
History:
    • A 2024-11-12 00:58:38 Jim Breen (id#2321011)
    • Comments
      Mazegaki addition (maze3)
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>稚児がに</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:22:09 Jim Breen (id#2319621)
    • Comments
      That was a test to see if the bulk updater mangles the [nokanji\. It does. Needs fixing.
    • Diff
      @@ -7,4 +6,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>稚児がに</keb>
-<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
-</k_ele>
@@ -13 +9 @@
-<re_restr>稚児がに</re_restr>
+<re_nokanji/>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:19:59 Jim Breen (id#2319620)
    • Comments
      Mazegaki addition (maze3)
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -6,0 +7,4 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>稚児がに</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
@@ -9 +13 @@
-<re_nokanji/>
+<re_restr>稚児がに</re_restr>
    • A 2024-01-05 11:55:59 Syed Raza (id#2287457)
    • Comments
      No common name found.
    • Refs
      * https://kotobank.jp/word/チゴガニ-96067#w-1365307
* KOD
* https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=444895

稚児蟹　    52  3.5% <- nipp
チゴガニ 1,448 96.5%
ちごがに     0  0.0%
    • Diff
      @@ -16 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>Ilyoplax pusilla</gloss>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
+<gloss>Ilyoplax pusilla (crab species)</gloss>
    • A* 2023-12-28 18:27:09 Scott (id#2286684)
    • Refs
      wiki
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jmdict 2863129 Active (id#2319614)
白鳥
【 しらとり； しろとり 】
  1. [n]
    • white bird
  2. [n]
    • swan
    Cross references:
    • ⇒ see: 1475330 白鳥【はくちょう】 1. swan (Cygnus spp.)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 03:25:55 Robin Scott (id#2319614)
    • Comments
      The JEs gloss sense 1 as "white bird".
I don't think we can assume that しろとり is rare based simply on which refs it appears in.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<re_inf>&rk;</re_inf>
@@ -16 +15 @@
-<gloss>white-feathered bird</gloss>
+<gloss>white bird</gloss>
@@ -21,2 +20 @@
-<gloss>swan (Cygnus spp.)</gloss>
-<gloss>cygnet</gloss>
+<gloss>swan</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-28 07:16:24 parfait8 (id#2319453)
    • Comments
      daijs is the only ref i see mentioning gulls
most refs either have two senses or say something like "特に、ハクチョウ"
    • Diff
      @@ -16 +16,8 @@
-<gloss>white-feathered bird (swan, gull, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>white-feathered bird</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1475330">白鳥・はくちょう</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1475330">白鳥・はくちょう</xref>
+<gloss>swan (Cygnus spp.)</gloss>
+<gloss>cygnet</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-28 06:52:32 Jim Breen (id#2319450)
    • Comments
      Proposed split. Possibly could have a second "swan (Cygnus spp.)" xreffed to 1475330.
    • Refs
      GG5 and other JEs. Daijisen: カモメやハクチョウなど羽毛が白い鳥。しろとり。 (limits はくちょう to swan)
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jmdict 2863141 Active (id#2319602)
ギザ十； ギザ１０； ぎざ十 [sK]
【 ぎざじゅう 】
  1. [n] [hist,col]
    • reeded-edge 10 yen coin (minted 1951-1958)
    Cross references:
    • ⇒ see: 1003560 【ギザギザ】 2. notched; serrated; jagged; corrugated; milled
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 01:49:50 Jim Breen (id#2319602)
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:47:16 Stephen Kraus (id#2319600)
    • Comments
      Also, hiragana readings for non-loanwords
    • Diff
      @@ -15 +15 @@
-<reb>ギザじゅう</reb>
+<reb>ぎざじゅう</reb>
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:46:49 Stephen Kraus (id#2319599)
    • Refs
      Daijr/s have ぎざ十 and say that this term is colloquial.
ぎざ十	79
    • Diff
      @@ -9,0 +10,4 @@
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ぎざ十</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
@@ -16,0 +21,2 @@
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
    • A 2024-10-30 01:16:59 Jim Breen (id#2319577)
    • A* 2024-10-30 00:05:07 (id#2319570)
    • Comments
      Simplify gloss
    • Diff
      @@ -16,3 +16 @@
-<gloss>reeded edge 10 yen coin</gloss>
-<gloss>milled edge 10 yen coin</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">10 yen coin minted from 1951 through 1958</gloss>
+<gloss>reeded-edge 10 yen coin (minted 1951-1958)</gloss>
  6. (show/hide 1 older history records)
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jmdict 2863143 Active (id#2319585)
恩を返す
【 おんをかえす 】
  1. [exp,v5s]
    • to return a favor
    • to pay it back
  2. [exp,v5s] {sumo}
    • to defeat one's senior stablemate
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 01:26:29 Jim Breen (id#2319585)
    • Refs
      GG5 examples
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:21:13 Marcus Richert (id#2319580)
    • Refs
      daijs, 三省堂国語辞典　第八版

恩を返す 	6354	97.9%
おんをかえす	24	0.4%
恩をかえす	109	1.7%
おんを返す	0	0.0%
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jmdict 2863144 Active (id#2319647)
有毒植物
【 ゆうどくしょくぶつ 】
  1. [n] {botany}
    • poisonous plant
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 10:33:31 Jim Breen (id#2319647)
    • Refs
      GG5, etc.
    • A* 2024-10-30 04:58:21 Marcus Richert (id#2319633)
    • Comments
      bot I guess_
    • Refs
      有毒植物	13066
daij nikk
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jmdict 2863145 Active (id#2319700)
就園
【 しゅうえん 】
  1. [n,vs,vi]
    • enrolling in kindergarten
    • kindergarten enrollment
Conjugations
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 20:54:50 Jim Breen (id#2319700)
    • Comments
      Usually in compounds.
    • Refs
      GG5
就園	100476	  
就園児	54632	  <- in GG5
就園奨励	17293
    • Diff
      @@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>kindergarten enrollment</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 11:27:50 Marcus Richert (id#2319674)
    • Refs
      daij nikk 三省堂国語辞典　第八版 etc.
就園	100476	48.1%
就園児	54632	26.2%
未就園児	53598	25.7%
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jmdict 2863146 Active (id#2319733)
未就園児
【 みしゅうえんじ 】
  1. [n]
    • child not enrolled in kindergarten
    Cross references:
    • ⇐ see: 2863147 無園児【むえんじ】 1. child not enrolled in kindergarten or nursery school
History:
    • A 2024-10-31 03:51:03 Jim Breen (id#2319733)
    • A* 2024-10-30 11:29:04 Marcus Richert (id#2319675)
    • Refs
      就園	100476	48.1%
就園児	54632	26.2%　but a google for this just brings up 未就園児
未就園児	53598	25.7%
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jmdict 2863147 Active (id#2319732)
無園児
【 むえんじ 】
  1. [n] [col]
    • child not enrolled in kindergarten or nursery school
    Cross references:
    • ⇒ see: 2863146 未就園児 1. child not enrolled in kindergarten
History:
    • A 2024-10-31 03:50:32 Jim Breen (id#2319732)
    • A* 2024-10-30 11:31:50 Marcus Richert (id#2319676)
    • Refs
      https://www.cfa.go.jp/councils/mishuuenji_iinkai/vPmcR9yE
末尾の「※」に記載の通り、未就園児であること自体が批判につながる表現や記載にならないよう留意いただきたい。未就園の背景は様々であり、保育所に入りたくても、言葉の壁などによって就園できない事例もある。「無園児」といった言葉が一人歩きすることや、未就園児＝虐待家庭等のイメージが広がることで、更なる孤立を生まないか懸念する。
https://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/kodomo/page/0000597389.html
この資料の中身とは関係ないんですけれども、この前ニュースで、無園児という言葉が出てきました。どこの園にも属していないこどもたちを無園児と表現していたんですけれども、我々、幼稚園の側からすれば、それは未就園児ではないかという話ですが。
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jmdict 2863148 Active (id#2319694)
幼児園
【 ようじえん 】
  1. [n]
    • combined day-care center and kindergarten
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 20:14:29 Jim Breen (id#2319694)
    • A* 2024-10-30 11:40:16 Marcus Richert (id#2319678)
    • Comments
      Not identical to 認定こども園 it seems
    • Refs
      https://www.city.kariya.lg.jp/faq/q_kosodate/q_kyouiku/1002582/1002585.html
幼児園は、令和2年4月から刈谷市立幼稚園が幼保連携型認定こども園に移行したもので、教育・保育を一体的に行う施設であり、幼稚園（幼児教育）と保育園（保育）の両方のよさを併せ持つ施設です。3歳以上児が入園対象で、従来の幼稚園利用の子ども（1号認定）と保育園利用の子ども（2号認定）双方が在園できるため、保育園と異なり、保護者が就労などをやめても継続して入園することができます。

https://www.town.godo.gifu.jp/life/koso/koso17.html
幼児園では、保育園と幼稚園という既存の枠組みを超え、施設の共有化を図り、町内に住所がある５歳児までの異年齢児を一体的に保育・教育を実施することにより、子どもたちの活動内容をより豊かにし、それぞれ子どもの個性を生かしながら、就学前にふさわしい社会性、創造性を育むことを目指しています。


幼児園	24687
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jmdict 2863149 Active (id#2319693)
愚形
【 ぐけい 】
  1. [n] {mahjong}
    • shape which accepts few winning tiles
    • inefficient tile pattern
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 20:10:04 Jim Breen (id#2319693)
    • A* 2024-10-30 19:17:34 Stephen Kraus (id#2319691)
    • Comments
      Usually "wait" corresponds to the word 待ち and "shape" is used to translate 形 in mahjong terminology.
    • Refs
      I actually saved a note when I saw this word in a book in January 2021.

>> 親の赤１なので愚形残りでも即リーチで良い。
"It's okay to instantly riichi with a poor wait because you're the dealer with one red dora in hand"

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬───────╮
│ 愚形 │ 3,278 │
╰─ーー─┴───────╯
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>A wait with few winning tiles</gloss>
+<field>&mahj;</field>
+<gloss>shape which accepts few winning tiles</gloss>
+<gloss>inefficient tile pattern</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 15:52:51 Sarah A. (id#2319687)
    • Comments
      Mahjong term, can be found in recent books and on the net
    • Refs
      https://mj-station.net/word/gukei/
View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2863150 Active (id#2319710)
星室庁
【 せいしつちょう 】
  1. [n] [hist]
    • Court of the Star Chamber (England)
History:
    • A 2024-10-31 00:45:21 Jim Breen (id#2319710)
    • Comments
      Abolished in 1641, before the UK existed.
    • Refs
      星室庁	265
    • Diff
      @@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>court of Star Chamber (UK)</gloss>
+<gloss>Court of the Star Chamber (England)</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 23:48:04 (id#2319707)
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>Court of Star Chamber</gloss>
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
+<gloss>court of Star Chamber (UK)</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 23:28:17 Rene Malenfant (id#2319704)
    • Refs
      daij, koj, wiki
View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5111137 Active (id#2319634)
安倍晋三
【 あべしんぞう 】
  1. [person]
    • Shinzo Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; prime minister of Japan 2006-2007 and 2012-2020)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 05:18:07 Jim Breen (id#2319634)
    • Comments
      Yes. As I commented in another entry, we don't have to mimic Wilipedia.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shinzo Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; prime minister of Japan from 2006 to 2007 and from 2012 to 2020)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shinzo Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; prime minister of Japan 2006-2007 and 2012-2020)</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 04:19:20 Marcus Richert (id#2319619)
    • Comments
      Isn't the terser wording better?
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:36:57 parfait8 (id#2319594)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinzo_Abe
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shinzō Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; Prime Minister of Japan 2006-2007 and 2012-2020)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shinzo Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; prime minister of Japan from 2006 to 2007 and from 2012 to 2020)</gloss>
    • A 2022-07-08 11:38:37 Marcus Richert
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shinzō Abe (1954.9-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shinzō Abe (1954.9.21-2022.7.8; Prime Minister of Japan 2006-2007 and 2012-2020)</gloss>
    • A 2018-02-09 02:07:40 Jim Breen
  6. (show/hide 1 older history records)
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5193992 Active (id#2319661)
岸田文雄
【 きしだふみお 】
  1. [person]
    • Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; prime minister of Japan 2021-2024)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:11:38 Jim Breen (id#2319661)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; prime minister of Japan from 2021 to 2024)</gloss>
+<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; prime minister of Japan 2021-2024)</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:35:19 parfait8 (id#2319591)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fumio_Kishida
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; 100th Prime Minister of Japan)</gloss>
+<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; prime minister of Japan from 2021 to 2024)</gloss>
    • A 2021-10-05 04:22:50 Marcus Richert
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-; 100th Prime Minister of Japan)</gloss>
    • A 2021-09-17 08:36:16 Marcus Richert
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Kishida Fumio (1957.7.29-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Fumio Kishida (1957.7.29-)</gloss>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5222979 Active (id#2319660)
橋本龍太郎
【 はしもとりゅうたろう 】
  1. [person]
    • Ryutaro Hashimoto (1937.7.29-2006.7.1; prime minister of Japan 1996-1998)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:11:08 Jim Breen (id#2319660)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Ryutaro Hashimoto (1937.7.29-2006.7.1; prime minister of Japan from 1996 to 1998)</gloss>
+<gloss>Ryutaro Hashimoto (1937.7.29-2006.7.1; prime minister of Japan 1996-1998)</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:56:00 parfait8 (id#2319608)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryutaro_Hashimoto
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Hashimoto Ryūtarō (1937.7-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Ryutaro Hashimoto (1937.7.29-2006.7.1; prime minister of Japan from 1996 to 1998)</gloss>
    • A 2021-08-09 04:31:29 Jim Breen
    • Comments
       Ryuu to Ryū conversion
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Hashimoto Ryuutarō (1937.7-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Hashimoto Ryūtarō (1937.7-)</gloss>
    • A 2021-07-16 10:29:54 Jim Breen
    • Comments
      tarou conversion
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Hashimoto Ryuutarou (1937.7-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Hashimoto Ryuutarō (1937.7-)</gloss>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5374486 Active (id#2319659)
小泉純一郎
【 こいずみじゅんいちろう 】
  1. [person]
    • Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; prime minister of Japan 2001-2006)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:10:38 Jim Breen (id#2319659)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; prime minister of Japan from 2001 to 2006)</gloss>
+<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; prime minister of Japan 2001-2006)</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:51:37 parfait8 (id#2319605)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junichiro_Koizumi
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; 56th Prime Minister of Japan)</gloss>
+<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; prime minister of Japan from 2001 to 2006)</gloss>
    • A 2021-09-29 13:23:58 Robin Scott
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-), the 56th Prime Minister of Japan</gloss>
+<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-; 56th Prime Minister of Japan)</gloss>
    • A 2018-02-09 23:18:47 Marcus Richert
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Koizumi Jun'ichirou (1942.1.8-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Junichiro Koizumi (1942.1.8-), the 56th Prime Minister of Japan</gloss>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5379431 Active (id#2319657)
小渕恵三
【 おぶちけいぞう 】
  1. [person]
    • Keizō Obuchi (1937.6.25-2000.5.14; prime minister of Japan 1998-2000)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:10:07 Jim Breen (id#2319657)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Keizō Obuchi (1937.6.25-2000.5.14; prime minister of Japan from 1998 to 2000)</gloss>
+<gloss>Keizō Obuchi (1937.6.25-2000.5.14; prime minister of Japan 1998-2000)</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:54:11 parfait8 (id#2319607)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keizō_Obuchi
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Obuchi Keizou (1937.6.25-2000.5.14)</gloss>
+<gloss>Keizō Obuchi (1937.6.25-2000.5.14; prime minister of Japan from 1998 to 2000)</gloss>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5410181 Active (id#2319655)
森喜朗
【 もりよしろう 】
  1. [person]
    • Yoshirō Mori (1937.7.14-; prime minister of Japan 2000-2001)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:09:31 Jim Breen (id#2319655)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yoshirō Mori (1937.7.14-; prime minister of Japan from 2000 to 2001)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshirō Mori (1937.7.14-; prime minister of Japan 2000-2001)</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:52:51 parfait8 (id#2319606)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshirō_Mori
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Mori Yoshirou (1937.7.14-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshirō Mori (1937.7.14-; prime minister of Japan from 2000 to 2001)</gloss>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5428137 Active (id#2319669)
菅義偉
【 すがよしひで 】
  1. [person]
    • Yoshihide Suga (1948.12.6-; prime minister of Japan 2020-2021)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:17:19 Jim Breen (id#2319669)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yoshihide Suga (1948.12.6-; prime minister of Japan from 2020 to 2021)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshihide Suga (1948.12.6-; prime minister of Japan 2020-2021)</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:36:59 Jim Breen (id#2319628)
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:39:16 parfait8 (id#2319595)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshihide_Suga
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Suga Yoshihide</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshihide Suga (1948.12.6-; prime minister of Japan from 2020 to 2021)</gloss>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5428411 Active (id#2319670)
菅直人
【 かんなおと 】
  1. [person]
    • Naoto Kan (1946.10.10-; prime minister of Japan 2010-2011)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:17:45 Jim Breen (id#2319670)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Naoto Kan (1946.10.10-; prime minister of Japan from 2010 to 2011)</gloss>
+<gloss>Naoto Kan (1946.10.10-; prime minister of Japan 2010-2011)</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:38:32 Jim Breen (id#2319632)
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:43:16 parfait8 (id#2319597)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naoto_Kan
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Naoto Kan (1946.10-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Naoto Kan (1946.10.10-; prime minister of Japan from 2010 to 2011)</gloss>
    • A 2018-02-09 09:19:59 Jim Breen
    • A* 2018-02-08 18:46:07 Marcus Richert
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Kan Naoto (1946.10-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Naoto Kan (1946.10-)</gloss>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5455135 Active (id#2349823)
石破茂
【 いしばしげる 】
  1. [person]
    • Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30-2025.10.21)
History:
    • A 2025-10-22 06:52:58 Jim Breen (id#2349823)
    • A* 2025-10-22 06:49:34 Sean McBroom (id#2349821)
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30-2025.10.21)</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:36:12 Jim Breen (id#2319626)
    • Comments
      Well, we don't have to mimic Wikipedia, and what I put was more accurate.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan since 2024)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30)</gloss>
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:32:57 parfait8 (id#2319590)
    • Comments
      this is more like the wikipedia entry
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; politician; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; prime minister of Japan since 2024)</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-30 01:24:24 Jim Breen (id#2319583)
    • Comments
      OK
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; politician)</gloss>
+<gloss>Shigeru Ishiba (1957.2.4-; politician; prime minister of Japan from 2024.9.30)</gloss>
  6. (show/hide 3 older history records)
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jmnedict 5599042 Active (id#2319667)
鳩山由紀夫； 鳩山友紀夫
【 はとやまゆきお 】
  1. [person]
    • Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; prime minister of Japan 2009-2010)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:16:18 Jim Breen (id#2319667)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; prime minister of Japan from 2009 to 2010)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; prime minister of Japan 2009-2010)</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:38:07 Jim Breen (id#2319631)
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:46:31 parfait8 (id#2319598)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukio_Hatoyama
    • Diff
      @@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; Prime Minister of Japan, 2009-10)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; prime minister of Japan from 2009 to 2010)</gloss>
    • A 2024-03-06 20:31:28 Robin Scott (id#2293583)
    • Comments
      I think this is more helpful than "93rd".
    • Diff
      @@ -15 +15 @@
-<gloss>Hatoyama Yukio (1947.2.11-; 93rd Prime Minister of Japan)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yukio Hatoyama (1947.2.11-; Prime Minister of Japan, 2009-10)</gloss>
    • A 2024-03-06 06:53:35 Jim Breen (id#2293529)
    • Comments
      Better have both.
    • Refs
      Wikip: 2013年に名前を「友紀夫（読み同じ）」に改めた（本名は由紀夫のまま）。メディア出演時に「ペンネーム」として使用している。ただしニュース記事などでは「由紀夫」表記が使われることが依然として多い。2023年現在、本人の公式ウェブサイトのページタイトルは「鳩山由紀夫」の表記で、Twitterのプロフィールでも「由紀夫」の表記を併記している。
  6. (show/hide 2 older history records)
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jmnedict 5625199 Active (id#2319671)
福田康夫
【 ふくだやすお 】
  1. [person]
    • Yasuo Fukuda (1936.7.16-; prime minister of Japan 2007-2008)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:18:11 Jim Breen (id#2319671)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yasuo Fukuda (1936.7.16-; prime minister of Japan from 2007 to 2008)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yasuo Fukuda (1936.7.16-; prime minister of Japan 2007-2008)</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:36:37 Jim Breen (id#2319627)
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:50:02 parfait8 (id#2319603)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasuo_Fukuda
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Fukuda Yasuo (1936-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yasuo Fukuda (1936.7.16-; prime minister of Japan from 2007 to 2008)</gloss>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5652291 Active (id#2319666)
麻生太郎
【 あそうたろう 】
  1. [person]
    • Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-; prime minister of Japan 2008-2009)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:15:48 Jim Breen (id#2319666)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-; prime minister of Japan from 2008 to 2009)</gloss>
+<gloss>Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-; prime minister of Japan 2008-2009)</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:37:34 Jim Breen (id#2319630)
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:48:09 parfait8 (id#2319601)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarō_Asō
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-; prime minister of Japan from 2008 to 2009)</gloss>
    • A 2022-03-09 11:02:35 Jim Breen
    • A 2022-03-09 00:21:02 Marcus Richert
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Asou Tarō (1940.9.20-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Tarō Asō (1940.9.20-)</gloss>
  6. (show/hide 1 older history records)
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5672510 Active (id#2319668)
野田佳彦
【 のだよしひこ 】
  1. [person]
    • Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-; prime minister of Japan 2011-2012)
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 11:16:49 Jim Breen (id#2319668)
    • Comments
      I favour a more concise form.
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-; prime minister of Japan from 2011 to 2012)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-; prime minister of Japan 2011-2012)</gloss>
    • A 2024-10-30 04:37:18 Jim Breen (id#2319629)
    • A* 2024-10-30 01:41:18 parfait8 (id#2319596)
    • Refs
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshihiko_Noda
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-; prime minister of Japan from 2011 to 2012)</gloss>
    • A 2018-02-08 22:48:13 Jim Breen
    • A* 2018-02-08 18:45:24 Marcus Richert
    • Diff
      @@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Noda Yoshihiko (1957.5.20-)</gloss>
+<gloss>Yoshihiko Noda (1957.5.20-)</gloss>
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmnedict 5747108 Active (id#2319692)
是聞
【 せぶん 】
  1. [given]
    • Sebun
History:
    • A 2024-10-30 20:08:29 Jim Breen (id#2319692)
    • A* 2024-10-30 14:47:42 matsugase (id#2319685)
    • Refs
      https://www.nihonkiin.or.jp/player/htm/ki000455.htm
View entry in alternate formats: jel | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml