Splitting on source word.

@@ -10 +10 @@
-<gloss>cap (headwear)</gloss>
+<gloss>cap (hat)</gloss>
@@ -15,7 +14,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<s_inf>from 'captain'</s_inf>
-<gloss>leader</gloss>
-<gloss>chief</gloss>
-<gloss>head</gloss>

daij nikk 
google images

daijr just says "leader" for the captain-derived word. nikk has three "leader" senses (of a left-wing political party, of a group of 
newspaper journalists, and a more general sense) but I feel it's overly granular

@@ -10 +10 @@
-<gloss>cap</gloss>
+<gloss>cap (headwear)</gloss>
@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>top reporter at a newspaper's local office</gloss>
+<gloss>cap (of a bottle, pen, etc.)</gloss>
@@ -18,2 +18,4 @@
-<misc>&abbr;</misc>
-<gloss>captain</gloss>
+<s_inf>from 'captain'</s_inf>
+<gloss>leader</gloss>
+<gloss>chief</gloss>
+<gloss>head</gloss>

JEs.

@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>malignancy</gloss>

悪性腫瘍（あくせいしゅよう、Malignant Tumor, Cancer）は
がん（ガンまたは癌）や「悪性新生物」とも呼ばれ
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/悪性腫瘍

ガン	10464435	45.8%
がん	9040947	39.6%
癌	3163379	13.8%
悪性腫瘍	176465	0.8%

Noticed that "testicular tumor" and "testicular cancer"(精巣腫瘍) were glossed on the same term. Apparently this is correct.

The Japanese wikipedia cross-reference for "Cancer" is this term.

If you search 癌 in wikipedia, you'll get redirected to an article under 精巣腫瘍.  Makes sense with 腫瘍学 = oncology.

Flagged as [med] due to the massive prevalence of がん, but maybe this is inappropriate?  Certainly it's a term I would expect Japanese people to know as well as we know "malignant tumor". 
 (plenty of references on twitter).  

Lots of tumor and gastrointestinal related issues (search kanji with 腫, for example) are not currently marked [med]. Maybe they should be?

@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1217110">癌・がん</xref>
+<field>&med;</field>
@@ -13,0 +16 @@
+<gloss>cancer</gloss>

And then I didn't add the [rare] tag.

@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>

遺言	954938	71.4% last request; dying wish​;will; testament​
遺志	176550	13.2% wishes of a deceased person; dying wish
遺言書	155495	11.6% will; testament
遺言状	48703	3.6% will; testament
this entry---> 遺告	698	0.1% will; testament
遺嘱	278	0.0% dying wish; wish by dying person to be carried out after their death
遺託	159	0.0% in daijs, no entry.  synonym of 遺嘱

[rare]

May as well.

@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<ke_pri>ichi1</ke_pri>

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 引き離す　 │ 68,462 │ 98.2% │
│ 引離す　　 │    330 │  0.5% │ - (daijr/s)
│ 引きはなす │    329 │  0.5% │ - sK
│ ひきはなす │    612 │  0.9% │
╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

Drop the [ichi1] tag on 引離す?

@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

daij, gg5

Added sense.
引離す isn't [io].

@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&io;</ke_inf>
@@ -29,0 +29,7 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&v5s;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<gloss>to have a lead over</gloss>
+<gloss>to pull ahead of</gloss>
+<gloss>to outdistance</gloss>
+</sense>

Meikyo, sankoku, shinmeikai, etc.

@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>subject for a poem</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2857549">席題</xref>
+<gloss>subject for a poem (announced prior to a meeting of poets)</gloss>

https://kakaku.com/bb/hikari/

Common as part of product or business names.

@@ -42,0 +43,7 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2844299">光回線</xref>
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
+<gloss>optical fiber</gloss>
+<gloss>optical fibre</gloss>
+</sense>

Daijr,GG5, 中辞, etc.

Refs are divided on the split of senses. I'm mainly following GG5 here.
I'm seeing Naomi Kawase's ひかり later this week, and the English title is "Radiance", which got me thinking about the breadth of meanings for 光.

@@ -19,0 +20,23 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>illumination</gloss>
+<gloss>ray</gloss>
+<gloss>beam</gloss>
+<gloss>gleam</gloss>
+<gloss>glow</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>happiness</gloss>
+<gloss>hope</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>influence</gloss>
+<gloss>power</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>vision</gloss>
+<gloss>eyesight</gloss>
+</sense>

I disagree. Just like last month.

@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>fully nude</gloss>
+<gloss>nude</gloss>

The term fully nude is more appropriate for 全裸 since that is more commonly used in English. Just adding this to make it easier to find in English.

@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>nude</gloss>
+<gloss>fully nude</gloss>

English N-gram Counts
completely naked 86777
stark naked      39855
fully nude       28413
fully naked      12973

Also, the anonymous commenter's assertion is false.

The "fully" is redundant. You can't be half nude.

@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>fully nude</gloss>
+<gloss>nude</gloss>

The term "fully nude" and "fully naked" are more commonly used than the other 2 definitions and is more accurate. It should be included as such.

@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>nude</gloss>
+<gloss>fully nude</gloss>

Adding the word "fully" to make this word easier to find since the term "fully nude" or "fully naked" are commonly used and more in line with the definition of the word.

@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>nude</gloss>
+<gloss>fully nude</gloss>

I disagree. Just like last month.

@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>fully nude</gloss>
+<gloss>nude</gloss>

The term fully nude is more appropriate for 全裸 since that is more commonly used in English. Just adding this to make it easier to find in English.

@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>nude</gloss>
+<gloss>fully nude</gloss>

English N-gram Counts
completely naked 86777
stark naked      39855
fully nude       28413
fully naked      12973

Also, the anonymous commenter's assertion is false.

"fully nude" is a more appropriate definition than just "nude". Especially if "completely naked" is included.

@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>nude</gloss>
+<gloss>fully nude</gloss>

I disagree. Just like last month.

@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>fully nude</gloss>
+<gloss>nude</gloss>

The term fully nude is more appropriate for 全裸 since that is more commonly used in English. Just adding this to make it easier to find in English.

@@ -19 +19 @@
-<gloss>nude</gloss>
+<gloss>fully nude</gloss>

English N-gram Counts
completely naked 86777
stark naked      39855
fully nude       28413
fully naked      12973

Also, the anonymous commenter's assertion is false.

Not seeing it anywhere. Resubmit with references.

@@ -23,4 +22,0 @@
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>め</reb>
-<re_inf>&gikun;</re_inf>

@@ -22,0 +23,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>め</reb>
+<re_inf>&gikun;</re_inf>

Iris is usually 虹彩.

daijs (sense 1): 目の虹彩、あるいは虹彩と瞳孔のこと。黒目。「青い―」「つぶらな―」
gg5: 青い[緑の, 黒い, 茶色の]瞳　(a pair of) blue [green, black, brown] eyes.
     つぶらな瞳　big, round eyes

None of my other refs have an "iris" sense. The JEs only have "pupil".
I think daijs's sense 1 is covered by the "eyes" sense. The 瞳 in「青い瞳」and「つぶらな瞳」would be translated as "eyes", not "iris".

@@ -26 +26 @@
-<gloss>iris</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1453910">瞳孔</xref>

https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/瞳/#jn-186272

"Pupil" is the *second* definition of this word in goo.
The first definition means "iris", not "pupil".
pupil = little black dot
iris = blue/brown circle (including the little black dot)
瞳　＝　1. 目の虹彩、あるいは虹彩と瞳孔 (どうこう) のこと。... 
「青い瞳」
2. 瞳孔
In other words 
1. The colorful part of the iris, or the iris as a whole (including the pupil). 
"blue iris" [In English we just say "blue eyes", but there is no such thing as a "blue pupil"]
2. pupil

@@ -25,0 +26 @@
+<gloss>iris</gloss>

gg5

@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>iris (of the eye)</gloss>
+<field>&anat;</field>
+<gloss>iris</gloss>

から膿が出て	2392	95.8%
から膿みが出て	104	4.2%
からうみが出て	53	100.0%
からのうが出て	0	0.0%

膿を	54941	29.5%
膿の	24396	13.1%
膿が	81937	44.1%
膿は	11413	6.1%

膿みを	4407	2.4%
膿みの	1304	0.7%
膿みが	5055	2.7%
膿みは	840	0.5%

I'm happier omitting 膿み as "prescriptively wrong" and avoiding complicating the readings.  Certainly in use though (~6%).　Common on twitter.

@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>膿み</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

gg5, prog

@@ -16,0 +17,7 @@
+<sense>
+<stagr>うみ</stagr>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>corruption</gloss>
+<gloss>rot</gloss>
+<gloss>evils</gloss>
+</sense>

daijr, daijs, nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/膿-111804

don't know how to translate the figurative sense (restricted to うみ)

@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>のう</reb>
+</r_ele>

G n-grams:
膿が出	18852
うみが出	833
海が出	1724

not [uk]

@@ -18 +17,0 @@
-<gloss>plane</gloss>
@@ -20,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>plane</gloss>

wisdom, 新和英中辞典

@@ -17,0 +18,2 @@
+<gloss>plane</gloss>
+<gloss>airplane</gloss>
@@ -19 +20,0 @@
-<gloss>airplane</gloss>

Strictly true, but these days it's virtually a synonym. I think it should stay.

@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>aircraft</gloss>

koj daijs jwiki

gg5 has aircraft, but I think that is wrong
航空機 = aircraft (includes balloons, blimps etc.)
飛行機 = airplane

@@ -20 +19,0 @@
-<gloss>aircraft</gloss>

Most of the kokugos have 依嘱 as a separate entry. Meikyo and shinmeikai merge. It should be visible.

委嘱	341648	99.3%
依嘱	2291	0.7%

I'll check to see if this turns into [sK].  I don't mind seeing it, as long as I know it's rare, but seems rare enough for [sK].

@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>

Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-

@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>

gg5, prog

@@ -19,0 +20 @@
+<gloss>commissioning</gloss>
@@ -20,0 +22,2 @@
+<gloss>request</gloss>
+<gloss>appointment (to a position)</gloss>

[vt] came from meikyo. The other smaller kokugos that I have (smk, sankoku, iwakoku, obunsha) only have [vi].

I think this is more literary/formal than [rare]. Wouldn't expect to see many usages on twitter. Sankoku has a 〔文〕 tag (although it seems to use that tag far more frequently than other refs).

@@ -21 +21 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<misc>&form;</misc>
@@ -32 +32 @@
-<misc>&rare;</misc>
+<misc>&form;</misc>

sankoku says vi.

将来を嘱目されている若いピアニストの英語
promising young pianist
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/将来を嘱目されている若いピアニスト

daijs
１ 今後どうなるか、関心や期待をもって見守ること。「将来を―される」
２ 目を向けること。
「満場衆員の、最も―する所は」〈竜渓・経国美談〉
３ 俳諧で、指定された題でなく即興的に目に触れたものを詠むこと。

Have an eye on, for example:
目をつけ	327143
目を付け	138967
Promising/high hopes:
嘱望	31883

＝＝＝＝＝
将来を嘱目	108	  
Top 100 N-grams Lookup for を嘱目 (Frequency Order)
嘱目	1624
を嘱目	152	  
を嘱目さ	98	  
を嘱目され	84	  
を嘱目されて	43	  
を嘱目された	31	  
を嘱目し	25

[rare], remove [vt]

Came here because I am suspicious of vi,vt entries. sankoku specifically says vi, and has both senses.  daijs online doesn't specify.

But in the daij entry, it gives 「将来を―される」for sense [1], which is not a transitive use of する, but of させる, which we would not generally mark as vt in jmdict. (This is a discussion I'd like to have someday, but not on this term)

There is also a third definition to do with improvising poetry or music off-the-cuff in daijs.  I spent a lot of time thinking about clarifying the glosses, but 嘱目 is super rare.  I saw a news article give a full definition of the term, others put it in 「」 and add furigana, and twitter posts are mostly bots offering definitions (like, "advanced SAT vocabulary"), not-so-common in the wild. 嘱目されている appears on twitter about once per *year*.

(you can find the offhanded transitive をする use of this verb in the wild, but random people will add をする to anything).

@@ -20 +19,0 @@
-<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -21,0 +21 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
@@ -31 +30,0 @@
-<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -32,0 +32 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>

gg5, daij, meikyo

Splitting into senses.

@@ -22,0 +23,10 @@
+<gloss>taking note of</gloss>
+<gloss>observing</gloss>
+<gloss>watching</gloss>
+<gloss>having great expectations for</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<pos>&vi;</pos>

I don't know why most of the JEs have "murder by contract". It's clearly wrong.

@@ -12,4 +12,3 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2846767">承諾殺人・しょうだくさつじん</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人・どういさつじん</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人・どういさつじん</xref>
-<gloss>homicide at the victim's request</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2846767">承諾殺人</xref>
+<gloss>murder at the victim's request</gloss>
+<gloss>consensual homicide</gloss>

Changing to "homicide" to align with related entries and Japanese government verbiage(see 同意殺人 refs).

With regard to the unusual 3-way total xref, I really think these are explanatory in all directions.  They are all prefixed differently, so you probably won't see them in any single dictionary search, and each elucidates the nuances with the other (I think).

@@ -14 +14,3 @@
-<gloss>murder at the victim's request</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人・どういさつじん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人・どういさつじん</xref>
+<gloss>homicide at the victim's request</gloss>

嘱託殺人	3042
嘱託殺人罪

https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/嘱託殺人
homicide caused at request

研究社 新和英中辞典
murder at the victim's request.

sankoku: 嘱託殺人：本人から自分を殺してくれると頼まれて殺すこと

https://fukuyama.vbest.jp/columns/criminal/g_other/7105/#:~:text=説明します。-,（1）嘱託殺人とは,が必要になります。
嘱託殺人とは、被害者が加害者に対して自身の殺害を依頼して、その依頼に基づいて加害者が被害者を殺害することをいいます（刑法202条）。

② 承諾殺人罪とは
承諾殺人罪とは、被害者の承諾を得て、被害者を殺すことをいいます（刑法202条）。
嘱託殺人も承諾殺人も被害者の同意に基づいて殺害を行うものであることから、両者をまとめて「同意殺人」と呼ぶこともあります。
しかし、嘱託殺人は、被害者からの働きかけによって殺害するという犯罪であるのに対して、承諾殺人は加害者からの殺害の申し込みに同意をして殺害されるという点で異なっています。

承諾殺人の法定刑は嘱託殺人の法定刑と同様であり、6月以上7年以下の懲役または禁錮と規定されています。


Search on 嘱託殺人 does *not* redirect to the article on contract killing, but instead to here:(concensual murder. there is a different page entirely for assisted suicide)
自殺関与・同意殺人罪
出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
（嘱託殺人から転送）
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/自殺関与・同意殺人罪

Really helps with the nuance of 嘱託 (internal business).

This is when you pay someone to kill *yourself*.

After much reading, I stumbled on the new gloss in the middle of weblio. I can't "unsee" it now, or think of any alternative that isn't objectively worse.  There is a lot of misunderstanding floating around the internet right now, with English news sources thinking that "self-requested murder" is a "special case" of 嘱託殺人 due to the "contract murder" gloss (here and elsewhere).

承諾殺人　Someone offers to murder you and you accept
嘱託殺人 You seek out someone of your own volition to murder you
These two are grouped under 同意殺人罪, consensual murder.

Distinguished from assisted suicide. 自殺幇助. (all illegal in Japan)

Quite a taxonomy.

@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>contract killing</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2846767">承諾殺人・しょうだくさつじん</xref>
+<gloss>murder at the victim's request</gloss>

more common term

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>contract murder</gloss>
+<gloss>contract killing</gloss>

@@ -19,2 +19,2 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1470560">膿・うみ・1</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1470560">膿・うみ・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1470560">膿・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1470560">膿・1</xref>

daijs のう‐じゅう〔‐ジフ〕【×膿汁】
読み方：のうじゅう
うみしる。うみ。

sankoku has no entry at all for this term, but two entries for 膿 (one as うみ, one as のう, with a pointer directly to うみ).
===

膿が出	18852	93.0%
膿みが出	1318	6.5%
膿汁が出	100	0.5%


から膿汁が出て	0	0.0%
から膿が出て	2392	95.8%
から膿みが出て	104	4.2%
のう汁が出て	0	0.0%
のうじゅうが出て	0	0.0%
うみしるが出て	0	0.0%
うみじるが出て	0	0.0%


膿を	54941	29.5%
膿の	24396	13.1%
膿が	81937	44.1%
膿は	11413	6.1%

膿みを	4407	2.4%
膿みの	1304	0.7%
膿みが	5055	2.7%
膿みは	840	0.5%

膿汁を	394	0.2%
膿汁の	412	0.2%
膿汁が	752	0.4%
膿汁は	79	0.0%

200x more common xref. Certainly in use though (twitter). kokugos just point this term at うみ.

@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1470560">膿・うみ・1</xref>

@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>

nikk: https://kotobank.jp/word/膿汁-596313
koj
both readings added are found in aozora: https://furigana.info/w/膿汁

@@ -9,0 +10,6 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>うみしる</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>うみじる</reb>
+</r_ele>

On checking I see that the few www hits are either from this entry or from matches with other expressions.

Comments on deletion in previous post.

sankoku example sentence for 究める・窮める (but not 極める) 「学をー・真理をー」. 

学	23638546


学を究め	582	47.8%
学を極め	579	47.6%
学をきわめ	56	4.6%
学を窮め	0	0.0%

学問を究め	775	74.3%
学問を極め	236	22.6%
学問をきわめ	32	3.1%


真理を究め	339	67.5%
真理を極め	63	12.5%
真理をきわめ	58	11.6%
真理を窮め	42	8.4%

数学を極め	252	57.7%
数学を究め	185	42.3%

趣味を極め	1402	89.0%
趣味を究め	144	9.1%
趣味をきわめ	30	1.9%

Should be deleted, but submitting this to preserve diffs just in case it isn't.

Current conversation on 趣味を極める would seem to justify deletion. (学＝23638546、学を究める＝ 〜1000). Not evidently in a 国語辞典, except as an example. (I am fine with deletion, it's consistent, in spite of comments below).

===

The reason I ended up trying to enter 趣味を極める is not because of 趣味, but because because of *this* entry.  

First question was "how do I use 学を極める in a sentence" to mean "to study exhaustively". (I don't think you can)
Second question was "wait, is that kanji correct?" (no, it is not, or at least 究 or 極 would be much better)
Third question "can I 極める any　〇〇学" (answer: yes)
Fourth question "can I 極める something else, like, say, a 趣味" (picked this out of a hat. answer is: yes, and this usage is more common than any 〇〇学 I could find).

So I figured I'd start with the 趣味を極める, because it seemed like 極める could benefit from some clear transitive examples given the enormous number of glosses.  And, since this *one* example does not seem to be a particularly good one.  I then though I might suggest replacing this entry with the more readily-understandable, like the still-not-overly-common:
学問を極める: to (seriously) pursue an academic subject (eg. at a university).

But anyway, I am alright with all of it being deleted :)

@@ -4,0 +5,6 @@
+<keb>学を極める</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>学を究める</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -5,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -13 +20 @@
-<gloss>to study exhaustively</gloss>
+<gloss>to pursue learning (in depth)</gloss>

Added additional PoS via batch update.Added additional PoS via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-

@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@
+<pos>&v1;</pos>

@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>

@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>膿みただれる</keb>

中辞典: 彼の左手は一面にうみただれていた. His left hand was covered with festering sores.

Possibly uk.

@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>

膿	349226	93.2%
膿み	21723	5.8%

膿爛れる	0
膿み爛れる	0
膿みただれる	0
膿みただれ	49	  
膿みただれた	29

I suspect we don't have a 国語 to protect this.

[rare] otherwise, and kanji for tadareru.

Found this online in a pdf, possibly a calque of shakespeare or an English book title. uncommon in any case.
「膿みただれたユリ [“lilies that fester"]. (p.89)」

Entry created

Yes, rather obvious.

ピカッと光る	5,654		
ぴかっと光る	1,524

I don't think this is needed. A+B.

Added additional PoS via batch update.Added additional PoS via batch update.
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-

@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@
+<pos>&v5r;</pos>

Entry created

@@ -12,0 +13 @@
+<gloss>delivered product</gloss>

@@ -9 +8,0 @@
-<re_inf>&uK;</re_inf>

Entry created

GG5: He that toucheth pitch shall be defiled．

I guess this can be closed. Seems OK.

https://www.bible.com/bible/compare/PRO.13.20

Proverbs 13:20 New Century Version (NCV)
Spend time with the wise and you will become wise, but the friends of fools will suffer.

https://yoji-jukugo.com/近朱必赤/#:~:text=人は交わる相手によって,必ず赤くなる」という意味。

http://www.nishikie.com/stories/TNS-1054-6_confessions_of_evil.html
Proverb (allegory) is modified by 朱(しゆ)に交(まぢ)ハれバ赤(あか)くなる (shiyu ni madjihareba akaku naru) -- which today would be written 朱に交われば赤くなる (Shu ni majiwareba akaku naru) -- meaning "when mixing (mingling, associating) with vermilion, one becomes red" -- in other words, one is inspired to be good or evil according to the friends or company one keeps.

The Japanese proverb reflects part of the the Chinese expression 近朱者赤、近墨者黒 (jìn zhū zhĕ chì, jìn mò zhĕ hēi) -- meaning "those tho get close to cinnabar [China] ink become red, [while] those who get close to soot [India] ink become black" -- attributed to the poet Fu Hsuan (傅玄, Fu Xuan, 217-278) -- among other expressions, like 近墨必緇、近朱必赤.

One reason I started looking at this was because of the dated nature of the gloss.  I wasn't familiar with it (doesn't mean it's bad or wrong, of course), so it didn't seem to clarify the meaning for me.  I actually internalized the "bad" reading from the outset, assuming that red=bad (as in 朱を入れる - to make a correction). 

Googling around I see this is a bible verse.  I ran into the "New Century Version" translation, and it seems a bit more accessible. (linked reference has various translations)

"Spend time with the wise and you will become wise, but the friends of fools will suffer."

What do you think? I don't know that any of the various formulations are extremely commonly known, so modern grammar seems preferable to me.  For what it's worth, I told a 50 year old friend about the "lay down with dogs" idiom, which is apparently also biblical, and he wasn't familiar with it.

I search backwards for the longer Chinese expression referencing both vermillion and soot (black), and found what I think is a better literal gloss.  

Also, "influenced by one's environment" is maybe not as specific as it could be (being overshadowed by a lot of talented people might impact someone negatively, for example, but that would be contrary to this idiom).

@@ -14,3 +14,3 @@
-<gloss>you are the company you keep</gloss>
-<gloss>if you lie down with dogs, you will get up with fleas</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="lit">if you mingle with vermillion, you will turn red</gloss>
+<gloss>people will take on the characteristics of those who surround them</gloss>
+<gloss>spend time with the wise and you will become wise, but the friends of fools will suffer</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="lit">when mixing with vermillion, one becomes red</gloss>

If classes are divivided up by current academic performance, then what will happen to students after that...
https://twitter.com/Tontantan3/status/1630420102678978561
しかし成績によるクラス分けがその後「朱に交われば赤くなる」的に大きく影響すると言われればそれは確かにそうだろうとは思うし、

About changing your surroundings to improve
https://twitter.com/minagawashi/status/1628500627017064449
「朱に交われば赤くなる」。あなたはきっと良い方向へ変わっていける！

That's a good catch... I think I was influenced by some of the older glosses that float around, like "he who touches pitch shall be defiled therewith" and "one rotten apple spoils the barrel", and happened to stumble into a Japanese writeup that confirmed what I expected to hear.

"you are the company you keep" is, I think, usually used judgmentally, and about the quality of one's character (not financial or academic success, etc., or professional sports performance, as I saw in one post). 

朱に交われば赤くなる seems to be a lot more, general in observing that people will be influenced by the environment they are placed it. (there may also be a judgemental after-the-fast usage, but it's certainly not the only usage).

"with wolves", like the older, dropped "pitch" gloss, seems far too negative for how this is used in practice... I might suggest just reverting to where things were, not sure I have anything to add from that. Will think about it

Looking at examples on Twitter, I don't think ふつう、悪い意味の時に使う。 is true.

Important warning given on https://proverb-encyclopedia.com/syunimaziwarreba/
ふつう、悪い意味の時に使う。
「うちの子は進学塾に通うようになったら、朱に交われば赤くなるで、熱心に勉強して成績が上がるようになったの。」
と使うのは誤り。

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/if_you_lie_down_with_dogs,_you_get_up_with_fleas#:~:text=Proverb,-if you lie&text=Spending time with undesirable people,take on their undesirable traits.

"Spending time with undesirable people will cause one to take on their undesirable traits."

Some different gloss suggestions...

You could drop the dogs/flees gloss and just leave "you are the company you keep". I think it's basically a perfect match. (Especially if you want to preserve the theoretical ambiguity that it could be used in a positive sense).

In reply to Marcus's comments from 2020, I suspect the 国語辞典 has been lazy with discussing the nuance. 
As with this English saying, in theory it means "if you spend time with bad people, you'll get bad habits, if you spend time with good people, you'll get good habits".

But it's only really used as a cautionary admonition towards people who are doing bad things. (See reference note, ふつう、悪い意味の時に使う. Also, all example sentences in reference are negative）

We rarely say "you are the company the company you keep" of people who spend all their time working with charities and volunteer groups.

==== Note for curious === 
Apparently from a longer Chinese saying, same meaning -  that mixed with black ink turns black, that mixed with vermillion turns red.  What I read wasn't apparent about whether red and black were inherently good or bad - more just the notion that your surroundings rub off on you.

@@ -14,2 +14,3 @@
-<gloss>people are formed by their surroundings</gloss>
-<gloss>walk with the wise and become wise; associate with fools and get in trouble</gloss>
+<gloss>you are the company you keep</gloss>
+<gloss>if you lie down with dogs, you will get up with fleas</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="lit">if you mingle with vermillion, you will turn red</gloss>

gg5, prog
庇を貸して	1,626		
ひさしを貸して	666
母屋を取られ	908		
母屋をとられ	178

yard/ell -> mile

@@ -5,0 +6,12 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ひさしを貸して母屋を取られる</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>庇を貸して母屋をとられる</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ひさしを貸して母屋をとられる</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -14,2 +26,2 @@
-<gloss>give him an inch and he'll take an ell</gloss>
-<gloss>give him an inch and he'll take a yard</gloss>
+<gloss>to have one's kindness taken advantage of</gloss>
+<gloss>give him an inch and he'll take a mile</gloss>

庇 - eaves.
Trimming.

@@ -16 +16 @@
-<gloss g_type="lit">to lend out the leaves but have the whole house taken from one</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="lit">to lend out the eaves but have one's whole house taken</gloss>

Koj imidas

The Japanese is actually an idiom rather than a proverb (my bad). Not sure the "give sb an inch" can be worked into an idiom? 
"to give someone an inch and have a wole yard taken"? it's a little awkward.

@@ -13 +13 @@
-<misc>&proverb;</misc>
+<misc>&id;</misc>
@@ -15,0 +16,7 @@
+<gloss g_type="lit">to lend out the leaves but have the whole house taken from one</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<pos>&v1;</pos>
+<misc>&id;</misc>
+<gloss>to have a favor returned with spite</gloss>

Cambridge phrasing:
give someone an inch and they'll take a mile
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/give-someone-an-inch-and-they-ll-take-a-mile

Weblio gloss for 庇を貸して母屋を取られる
https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/give+him+an+inch+and+he'll+take+a+mile 
Give him an inch and he'll take a mile [a yard].
彼にひさしを貸したら母屋まで取られるよ

Totally Japanese reference for variant: 軒のきを貸して母屋おもやを取られる
https://japanese-note.jp/noki-omoya/
英文	Give him an inch and he’ll take a mile.
彼に庇を貸したら母屋まで取られるよ
（直訳:彼に少しでも与えたら善意に付け込まれるよ)

Alternate suggestion, single gloss only: 

give someone an inch and they'll take a mile

========= Long winded reasoning
Before adding a new entry for a variant of this Japanese idiom, I'd like to add to the discussion on the current glosses, and see if something different might be considered. 

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
庇を貸して母屋	1530
軒を貸して母屋	908    NEW

Adding to Stephen's comment, I have also have never heard the "ell" formation (though it's fair to say I'm not well versed in literature).  Kids these days I guess... (I'm 42). I also immediately though "wouldn't mile be better than yard?"  Obviously all of these formulations, and a number of variants (give 'em an inch, give them an inch, give someone an inch) are all in circulation(with "ell" appearing to be the origin)

Currently, Cambridge Dictionary online has a single, modern / gender-neutral formulation:

- give someone an inch and they'll take a mile

No mention of yards or ells. If it were me, I would just use this gloss alone.  I think it's likely to be readily understood by native English speakers, and safe to use for Japanese learners who acquire it via jmdict (I would not necessarily say the same of the "inch/ell" formulation).

===== 

Just looking at cute quotations and comic images, if you do a google image search for just the quoted prefix, you get the following rough counts for "miles", "yards", "foot", "ells", and "furlongs"(hah)...    As you move toward gender neutrality (~modern usage), miles seems to gain in popularity.

"give someone an inch" 17 miles, 1 yard, 0 ells
"give them an inch" 12 miles, 2 yards, 0 ells
"give em an inch". 6 miles, 2 x "foot", 1 furlong, 0 ells
"give him an inch" 3 miles, 5 yards, 2 ells    (there were a bunch of additional t-shirts with the "yard" expression)

Also anecdotally, a twitter search for "give someone an inch" seems to be entirely "miles" (though other formulations sometimes yield different results)

GG5: 【哲】 〔アリストテレスの説く 4 原因の 1 つ〕 the final cause.

@@ -12,3 +12,3 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2513930">質料因・しつりょういん</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2513920">形相因・けいそういん</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2513950">作用因・さよういん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513930">質料因</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513920">形相因</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513950">作用因</xref>

四原因説
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/四原因説
質料因（羅: causa materialis) 
形相因（羅: causa formalis）
作用因（羅: causa efficiens）
目的因（羅: causa finalis）

https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/目的因/
アリストテレスの説いた四原因の一。....  →形相因 →質料因 →動力因 (daijs)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_causes
See also: Potentiality and actuality
This article uses the word 'cause' in its traditional scholarly philosophical sense, not to be confused with the word's main usage in current ordinary language.

Main purpose of edit: communicate "do not use if you don't know exactly what this is".

===

Funny... do we really want these entries?  If so, need to update the other three as well. In daijs :)

It would seem they were created as a set.

Aristotles 4 causes:
四原因説	156    MISSING in jmdict (not in daijs, which just lists the 4 causes as I have done)
質料因	760	20.8%
形相因	727	19.9%
作用因	725	19.9%
目的因	1283	35.1%

@@ -12 +12,5 @@
-<gloss>final cause</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513930">質料因・しつりょういん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513920">形相因・けいそういん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513950">作用因・さよういん</xref>
+<field>&phil;</field>
+<gloss>final cause (one of Aristotle's four fundamental types of answer to the question "why?")</gloss>

Entry created

@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2513930">質料因</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513950">作用因</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513910">目的因</xref>

GG5

See 2513910.

@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>formal cause</gloss>
+<field>&phil;</field>
+<gloss>formal cause (one of Aristotle's four fundamental types of answer to the question "why?")</gloss>

Entry created

@@ -11,0 +12,3 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2513910">目的因</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513920">形相因</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513950">作用因</xref>

See 2513910.

@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>material cause</gloss>
+<field>&phil;</field>
+<gloss>material cause (one of Aristotle's four fundamental types of answer to the question "why?")</gloss>

Entry created

@@ -12 +12,3 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2513940">動力因</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513930">質料因</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513920">形相因</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2513910">目的因</xref>

Typo

@@ -13 +13,2 @@
-<gloss xml:lang="hil">efficient cause (one of Aristotle's four fundamental types of answer to the question "why?")</gloss>
+<field>&phil;</field>
+<gloss>efficient cause (one of Aristotle's four fundamental types of answer to the question "why?")</gloss>

??
xml:lang="hil"

See 2513910.

@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>efficient cause</gloss>
+<gloss xml:lang="hil">efficient cause (one of Aristotle's four fundamental types of answer to the question "why?")</gloss>

Entry created

We don't usually explain gloss terms like that.

@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>oncovirus (virus that can cause cancer)</gloss>
+<gloss>oncovirus</gloss>

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncovirus
An oncovirus or oncogenic virus is a virus that can cause cancer.[4] ... refers to any virus with a DNA or RNA genome causing cancer and is synonymous with "tumor virus" or "cancer virus". 

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/腫瘍ウイルス
腫瘍ウイルス（しゅようウイルス、英語: oncovirus）
がんウイルスとも呼ばれる

Probably not super-useful to most, but I'd rather have one gloss and an explanation, than 5 glosses and no explanation.
oncovirus
oncogenic virus
tumor virus
tumour virus
cancer virus

Pick all the glosses you like, I suppose :)

@@ -12,2 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>tumor virus</gloss>
-<gloss>tumour virus</gloss>
+<field>&med;</field>
+<gloss>oncovirus (virus that can cause cancer)</gloss>
+<gloss>cancer virus</gloss>

gg5, eij

@@ -13,2 +13 @@
-<gloss>dying wish</gloss>
-<gloss g_type="expl">wish by dying person to be carried out after their death</gloss>
+<gloss>dying wish (to be carried out after one's death)</gloss>

遺言	954938	71.4% last request; dying wish​;will; testament​
遺志	176550	13.2% wishes of a deceased person; dying wish
遺言書	155495	11.6% will; testament
遺言状	48703	3.6% will; testament
遺告	698	0.1% will; testament
this entry---> 遺嘱	278	0.0% dying wish; wish by dying person to be carried out after their death
遺託	159	0.0% in daijs, no entry.  synonym of 遺嘱

[rare]

I read the entry of the person who created this. Actually pretty cool. 

Probably not a priority to learn/use off the cuff.

@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<misc>&rare;</misc>

大辞泉,

I don't think we should have「ピーエイチ」 in the cross ref since it is marked as [sk].
But we also can't use nakaguro characters in cross references, so 「ピー・エイチ」 won't work either.

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2857483">ｐＨ・ピーエイチ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2857483">ｐＨ</xref>

Not sure the lit gloss is needed.

Reversing the xref.

@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2857483">ｐＨ・ピーエイチ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2857483">ｐＨ・ピーエイチ</xref>

GG5: a hydrogen ion exponent (略: pH).
Other refs much the same.

Helpful?

@@ -13,0 +14 @@
+<gloss g_type="lit">hydrogen ion exponent</gloss>

wisdom: 中国の領土の広さは日本とは桁が違う  In terms of territory, there is no comparison between Japan and China.

I don't mind dropping "poles apart" and "wildly different".
Given that this expressions is used to emphasise the size/extent of a difference, I think "completely" should be in there somewhere.
I think "stand no comparison" is fine. It's idiomatic. Daijr even has "比べものにならない" in its definition for 桁が違う.
I don't think a lit gloss is needed here.

@@ -24,0 +25 @@
+<gloss>to be on a (completely) different level</gloss>
@@ -27 +28,2 @@
-<gloss g_type="lit">to be of a different order of magnitude</gloss>
+<gloss>to be of a different order of magnitude</gloss>
+<gloss>to stand no comparison</gloss>

I just want to comment I'm not convinced that lit is literal enough, I'm not a big fan of "order of magnitude" for 桁, it's not wrong but I feel it's not all that literal.

〈桁／けた／ケタ〉が〈違／ちが〉う

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮
│ 桁が違う　　 │ 18,466 │ 68.3% │
│ ケタが違う　 │  6,909 │ 25.5% │ - add
│ 桁がちがう　 │    667 │  2.5% │ - add
│ けたが違う　 │    498 │  1.8% │ - sK
│ ケタがちがう │    460 │  1.7% │
│ けたがちがう │     53 │  0.2% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯

@@ -7,0 +8,7 @@
+<keb>ケタが違う</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>桁がちがう</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -8,0 +16 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

GG5: differ widely 《from…》; be 「widely different [poles apart] 《from…》; be on a different order of magnitude 《from…》; make [stand] no comparison 《with…》; be no match 《for…》
中辞典: be ┏widely different [poles apart] 《from》; be in a different class 《from》; stand no comparison 《with》; be no match 《for》
桁が違う	18466	97.4%
けたが違う	498	2.6%

I'm not sure culling all those glosses Robin put in has improved it at all. They certainly matched what is in the major JEs.
けたが違う is in GG5. Otherwise I'd suggest sK.

I restored that gloss because:
(a) it seemed justified by the reference in the 2020 submission
(b) I couldn't see where you justified its removal (*)
It's no big deal, and I'm happy to leave it off.

(*) I need to point out that long and rambling comments and voluminous (and often not very relevant) references in these submissions are not a lot of help to the people trying to edit them,  and often result in them being left until later. I, and I suspect others, would be helped if the comments and references were more focussed and succinct.

The sited GG5 glosses basically confirm what I added, and didn't say anything about surprise attacks.

"perform a surprise attack" looks like a hand-written gloss at the time of the original submission, without any dictionary support or consideration of existing J-E translations (the forum was a discussion among Chinese and Japanese speakers). I'm not trying to be antagonistic about the addition of this entry (I wouldn't have found this term had it not been submitted), but it just seems like an inaccurate, and ultimately misleading gloss.

@@ -26 +25,0 @@
-<gloss>to perform a surprise attack</gloss>

GG5: 一瞬のすきをつく take advantage of a momentary chance; seize an opportunity

@@ -25,0 +26 @@
+<gloss>to perform a surprise attack</gloss>

隙を付いて	1541	2.7%

寝ぼけている隙を付いて猫の爪を切る
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pGpkvJVymMo

Common kanji "error".

@@ -11,0 +12,4 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>隙を付く</keb>

その隙を突いて	3357

隙を突いて	21530
隙を突く	4867
隙を突いた	2819
隙を突かれる	684

Plenty of yourei examples
https://yourei.jp/隙を突く

https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=隙を突く
catch someone off (his) guard
catch someone unguarded

A long writeup on this expression
https://mi-ej.com/sukiwotsuku/
catch A off guard
catch A with his pants down

https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/8955/
「ずっと日本が押していて良い流れだったのに、一瞬の隙をつかれ、点を取られてしまった」はなんと言えばいいでしょうか？
Japan was in control of the game from the beginning.
But the opponent caught Japan off guard and got one point. (NOTE: uses 一瞬の)

Question about about the difference between this, and 隙を狙う (which we don't have, and maybe might add)
https://hinative.com/questions/14408944
answer:
yes, very similar.
but 隙をつく…more short time ?
隙をつく
隙をねらう
also we have a expression
「一瞬の隙をつく」
but both 隙をつくand 隙をねらう…are very similar, indeed.

一瞬 variant:
隙を突いて	21530	
一瞬の隙を突いて	4310	  
隙を狙う
一瞬の隙を狙う	123	  

Kanji use(used て form because this dominates):
隙をついて	32909	57.3%
隙を突いて	21530	37.5%
すきをついて	2248	3.9%
すきを突いて	742	1.3%

new glosses are consistent with huixing's original　Japanese definition, as well as various other online 和英 glosses (see references).

Some carefully worded translations on reverso also morph this into "take advantage of the opportunity", but this leverages the surrounding context. 
"took advantage of the sudden vacuum in military forces in the capital created by Kiyomori's departure",
where the "sudden lack of forces" is the opportunity/隙. (a gap in the usual defenses)

"to take advantage of a lapse in security/attention/etc".

Reverso has a particular tech example about "anyone being able to connect to your modem remotely, due to a lack of any firewall or network security".  (the lack of security being the 隙). 

The て form n-grams dominate. I think this is the pre-amble to the actual attack, something like "having taken advantage of a moment of inattention.... [attack, sneak in, sneak out, steal their wallet]"

Removed "someone" from "to catch someone off guard" just before posting.  Can be a person, a cat, an army, a nation,...

Moved the more-literal gloss to the first position, as it most closely aligns with the grammatical structure. (explain gap),その隙を突いて, or (gap qualifiersの)隙をついて。

The 一瞬の隙 version seems more clearly "a momentary lapse in attention..." "when the opponent dropped his guard for only a second..." 
... maybe also consider adding 一瞬の隙を突く, 隙を狙う.

@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@
+<keb>隙をつく</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -5,0 +9,4 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>すきを突く</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -13,2 +20,2 @@
-<gloss>to take advantage of one's carelessness</gloss>
-<gloss>to perform a surprise attack</gloss>
+<gloss>to exploit a gap (in attention, security, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>to catch off guard</gloss>

It needs to be differentiated from 嘱託殺人.
I don't think the 同意殺人 x-ref is needed.

@@ -15,3 +15 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人</xref>
-<gloss>homicide with the victim's consent (propositioned by the killer)</gloss>
+<gloss>consensual homicide (propositioned by the killer)</gloss>

I don't think this edit really improves the entry. It was consistent with GG5 and Daijrin.

@@ -12,5 +12,5 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人・しょくたくさつじん</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人・しょくたくさつじん</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人・しょくたくさつじん</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人・どういさつじん</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人・どういさつじん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人</xref>

https://keiji.vbest.jp/columns/g_other/6069/
（1）同意殺人罪は「嘱託殺人」と「承諾殺人」に分けられる
同意殺人罪は「嘱託殺人」と「承諾殺人」の罪に分けられます。

嘱託殺人とは「人をその嘱託を受けて殺す」こと、すなわち被害者から殺害を依頼されて殺す犯罪です。承諾殺人は「人をその承諾を得て殺す」こと、すなわち被害者に殺害を申し込み、その同意を得て殺す犯罪です。

Touching up after editing 嘱託殺人.

A great lesson on the nuance of 承諾 if I ever saw one.

@@ -12,2 +12,4 @@
-<gloss>consensual homicide</gloss>
-<gloss>killing someone with their consent</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人・しょくたくさつじん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人・しょくたくさつじん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2846770">同意殺人・どういさつじん</xref>
+<gloss>homicide with the victim's consent (propositioned by the killer)</gloss>

Converting somebody to someone
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-

@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>killing somebody with their consent</gloss>
+<gloss>killing someone with their consent</gloss>

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensual_homicide

I think "consensual homicide" is OK.

@@ -12,3 +12,4 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2846767">承諾殺人・しょうだくさつじん</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人・しょくたくさつじん</xref>
-<gloss>homicide with consent (of the victim)</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2846767">承諾殺人</xref>
+<gloss>consensual homicide</gloss>
+<gloss>murder with consent of the victim</gloss>

Reverso found this semi-official gloss:

https://hakusyo1.moj.go.jp/en/59/nfm/n_59_2_2_3_2_2.html
The death penalty sentence has been limited to homicide (excluding participation in suicide, 
---> homicide with consent, 
and preparation; hereinafter the same in this subsection) or robbery causing death (including homicide at the scene of a robbery) over the last 10 years.

https://hakusyo1.moj.go.jp/jp/57/nfm/n_57_2_2_3_2_2.html
... 殺人（自殺関与・同意殺人・予備を含まない。以下この項において同じ。）...
最近10年間における死刑の言渡しは，殺人（自殺関与・同意殺人・予備を含まない。以下この項において同じ。）又は強盗致死（強盗殺人を含む。

Main comments at 嘱託殺人.

There doesn't really seem to be a common gloss for this, and in many ways jmdict is helping to coin one.

I did find (via reverso), the gloss above, which I think is a good "legal"-looking gloss and gets the meaning across, especially with the x-refs.

Of course, as always, feel free to modify.

@@ -12,3 +12,5 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2846767">承諾殺人</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2846767">承諾殺人</xref>
-<gloss>consensual homicide</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2846767">承諾殺人・しょうだくさつじん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2846767">承諾殺人・しょうだくさつじん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人・しょくたくさつじん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1691270">嘱託殺人・しょくたくさつじん</xref>
+<gloss>homicide with consent (of the victim)</gloss>

daijs (同意殺人_罪_)

同意殺人	1349
同意殺人罪	632

@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>unprecedented monetary easing by the Bank of Japan in 2013</gloss>
+<gloss>unprecedented monetary easing (by the Bank of Japan in 2013)</gloss>

KOD: 異次元(の)金融緩和 unprecedented monetary easing (by the Bank of Japan from 2013); monetary easing of unprecedented 「dimensions [scope]; 〔政策〕 an unprecedented monetary easing policy (implemented by the Bank of Japan in 2013); a monetary easing policy (which is) of unprecedented 「dimensions [scope].

Should do.

@@ -10,0 +11 @@
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
@@ -12 +13 @@
-<gloss>monetary easing measures decided to be introduced at the Bank of Japan's monetary policy meeting on april 3 and 4, 2013</gloss>
+<gloss>unprecedented monetary easing by the Bank of Japan in 2013</gloss>

https://kotobank.jp/word/異次元の金融緩和-190803

2013年4月3日、4日の日本銀行金融政策決定会合で導入が決定された新たな金融緩和策の通称

@@ -10 +10,2 @@
-<gloss>detuning (engine, guitar, etc.)</gloss>
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
+<gloss>detuning (an engine, guitar, etc.)</gloss>

デチューン	10256	
KOD: ～する 〔意図的に機械の性能を落としたり楽器の音程をずらしたりする〕 detune 《an engine》; put 《a guitar》 out of tune.

@@ -14 +14 @@
-<gloss>unprecedented monetary easing by the Bank of Japan in 2013</gloss>
+<gloss>unprecedented monetary easing (by the Bank of Japan in 2013)</gloss>

KOD says it's an abbreviation of 異次元の金融緩和 which is already an entry. I think they should be aligned.

@@ -12,2 +12,3 @@
-<gloss>Quantitative and Qualitative Monetary Easing (done by the BOJ from 2013)</gloss>
-<gloss>QQE</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2853828">異次元の金融緩和</xref>
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
+<gloss>unprecedented monetary easing by the Bank of Japan in 2013</gloss>

https://www.ifinance.ne.jp/glossary/japan/jap125.html

https://oggi.jp/6256679

I think でゎでゎ is best as sk.

I won't be surprised if でゎでゎ stays [sk], but as a learner/linguist I would like to say it feels like a shame to hide でゎでゎ as a surface form.  

It may be 2% of total use, but with 20,000 hits it's quite common considered in isolation.  It's not a spelling error either, it's a "correct" informal use.

Seeing the form gives a sense of who is using this (young people), and also makes it clear why でわでわ is on the list.  I don't think people are likely to use it on accident, but it might spark some interesting conversations with natives.  

*I* only discovered this because the linked reference on ではでは *also* went out of its way to mention this form. That's how common it is (in certain circles).

jmdict has entries for 草(LOL), a note  "See also ｗ, multiple repetitions of "w" ("LOL") resembles grass: wwwwww", and other fun entries.  I think that's to its credit. Well, my 2p.

So you don't all have to watch the youtuber video (very cute though) here's 90% transcript: (Speaker is a young Japanese woman whose father is texan but was principally raised in Japan. Bilingual, but stronger in Japanese; broadcasts in both languages).

    "dewadewa, I say this a lot. dewa dewa dewa. It's kinda like a - well, then... when you change the subject or something like that, you add the dewa dewa... so, before you guys were talking about something completely different, added dewa dewa, you can change it to the different topic, or, bring it back to the previous topic. ........ I like to se dewadewa, or それでは, or those kinds of words, because I don't like being silent [while thinking of what to say].... BUT ALSO we use dewa dewa as sayonara as well.  dewa! like that, like, bye! dewa dewa, like that. It means sayonara or goodbye".

====

In the expression below, it's a preamble to "goodbye".  "well them, everyone have a good weekend, goodnight".
でゎでゎ素敵な週末を🙋
おやすみなさい💤😪

Is ではでは really used to mean "so;then"? I think it's only used to say bye?

@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<re_inf>&sk;</re_inf>
@@ -24 +25 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1008450">では・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1008450">では・2</xref>

「ではでは」の意味と使い方・メール・LINEでの使い方
https://mayonez.jp/topic/1020677
「は」を「わ」と表記するのは若者言葉  わ is for young people

Note on the dangers of わ form instead of は: (are you a middle school student talking to your friends? If not, maybe don't use でわでわ or でゎでゎ )
「でわでわ」と表記すると印象が悪い
「は」を「わ」と表記しているのは、一般的に中高生が友達同士の会話内くらいですので、使用するシーンによっては相手に幼稚な印象を与えてしまいます。どんな場であれ「でわでわ」といった表記はしない方が無難でしょう。

Twitter search for the colloquial form でわでわ. Lots and lots of hits:
https://twitter.com/search?q=でわでわ&src=typed_query
example:
https://twitter.com/Bic_shintoueki/status/1631623447066583040
でわでわ❣️またね👋ばいばいしーん🫶

でゎでゎ common as well:
https://twitter.com/Mihail_pianista/status/1573324946885193730
でゎでゎ素敵な週末を🙋
おやすみなさい💤😪

Extensive video English on SPOKEN ではでは by native Japanese speaker ... :)
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/5x71M7rjOT4

ではでは	873004
でわでわ	89516
でゎでゎ	17579

Decided to err on the side of [col]. The forms using わ are definitely col, and probably [net-sl]. However, ではでは is also a spoken form, and this is how I actually first encountered it.  See video reference if you like.

possibly seen by some as sitting between じゃ and では in terms of formality.

Added "bye bye" as a gloss to try and emphasize some of the attached nuance.

Otherwise not sure if there's a good way to identify でわでわ and でゎでゎ is obviously more colloquial than ではでは (two separate entries?). 

Learned about this in the attached video, which is quite extensive on the usage of ではでは. "Well then" or "goodbye".  Roughly the same meanings as では[1].　Informal. Googled the referenced, giant writeup on the etiquette and implications of using this form.

Wasn't sure I trusted the n-grams till I saw でゎでゎ was 1/4 of でわでわ, which was 1/10th of ではでは.  That seems pretty reasonable.

Linked website says it's fine to use in emails in closing(probable peers on friendly terms), fine to use in conversation. DO NOT use to superiors, but that's true of lots of things (それでは is also not recommended for 目上の人 and it doesn't have[col] or anything).

国家主義的	13,031		
民族主義的	12,480		
国粋主義的	5,221

Not the only word for "nationalistic".
I don't think it's needed. The only other -主義的 term we have is 帝国主義的, which probably isn't needed either.

民族主義	111712	89.9%
民族主義的	12480	10.0%

民族主義+的. A regular and common use of 的. I don't think it's needed.

Oops.

ら -> り

@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>分からみ</keb>
+<keb>分かりみ</keb>

https://www.weblio.jp/content/わかりみ
https://numan.tokyo/words/kZmHp
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/わかりみ
https://www.oricon.co.jp/article/1583432/
最近はネットだけでなく、日常会話でも耳にすることが増えましたよね。

I suggest trimming it to わからみ.
Maybe not limited to the Internet but definitely slang. Seems very similar to the English slang "mood", but that's probably too opaque as a gloss.
The link you posted says that it may already be a 死語. Certainly not very common on Twitter. Less than a dozen hits in February.

@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>わかりみが深い</keb>
+<keb>分からみ</keb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>わかりみがふかい</reb>
+<reb>わかりみ</reb>
@@ -11,5 +11,6 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
-<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
-<misc>&col;</misc>
-<gloss>fully understanding</gloss>
-<gloss>sympathetic with someone's opinion</gloss>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<misc>&sl;</misc>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
+<gloss>agreement (with something someone has said)</gloss>
+<gloss>understanding</gloss>
+<gloss>relatable feeling</gloss>

わかりみが深い	0
分かりみが深い	0
わかりみがふかい	0
Jitsuyo
https://jp.quizcastle.com/dictionary/eo4k3rlkrm
Many WWW hits.

Ref says it was net-slang but has become more widely used. Possible.

@@ -11,2 +11,5 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>To understand very well, full understanding</gloss>
+<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<gloss>fully understanding</gloss>
+<gloss>sympathetic with someone's opinion</gloss>

ずしっと	10424
ズシッと	10888

Split from 1006370.

@@ -13 +13 @@
-<gloss>surgical mask</gloss>
+<gloss>(surgical) face mask</gloss>

https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/column/naruhodo/20211210-OYT8T50021/
Lots of www hits.

May be ephemeral.

https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2022/10/19/commentary/japan-commentary/tourists-covid-19-japan/

daijs

OK

I can't think of a shorter way off-hand to simplify my original wording than this suggestion, and still keep the meaning. I'd really like to retain something like this...

Part of the reason I tried so hard to figure out this term was because it reflects the nuance of 嘱託. 

In this case, 嘱託社員 is *specifically* applied to keeping Japanese employees active in the same company they retired from (because specialized knowledge is still needed, for example). 

post-retirement-contract-employee has the risk of being read as "work program for old people", having lost the detail that they've remained with their former employer.

I'd personally leave off the "part-time employee" gloss entirely. You would never go from "part-time employee" to this term in the E->J direction, and it's really a small, and not-strictly-necessary detail in the J->E direction. I mean, of course contractors are often part-time.

@@ -12,2 +12 @@
-<gloss>contract employee (esp. post-retirement)</gloss>
-<gloss>part-time employee</gloss>
+<gloss>contract employee (esp. one rehired after mandatory retirement)</gloss>

Reverso

Trimming quite a bit. We don't have to follow clunky official translations.

@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>fixed-term, direct contract employee (esp. of those rehired after mandatory retirement)</gloss>
-<gloss>entrusted employee</gloss>
+<gloss>contract employee (esp. post-retirement)</gloss>
+<gloss>part-time employee</gloss>

daijs
https://www.weblio.jp/content/嘱託社員
非正社員の一。多く、定年退職後に、同じ職場で有期の労働契約を結んで働く社員をいう。

嘱託社員
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/嘱託社員

Overview of Non-regular Employment in Japan
Yutaka Asao
The Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training 
https://www.jil.go.jp/english/reports/documents/jilpt-reports/no.10_japan.pdf
· Contract employees: relatively long fixed-term, full-time, direct employment
· Entrusted employees: relatively long fixed-term, full-time, direct employment

Here, the differentiation between a contract employee and an entrusted employee
becomes an issue. In many cases, contract employees are further defined as employees
specifically hired to perform a specialized type of work whereas an entrusted employee is
often used to refer to a senior aged worker who is re-hired by his/her last employer after
his/her mandatory retirement

Footnote 4: However, these definitions do not necessarily match actual treatment of employees. There are many full-time
workers working a predetermined number of hours but being referred to as part-time workers or similar. In
addition, there are many contract employees who perform tasks other than a specialized type of job, as well as
entrusted employees who are relatively younger in age. 

https://www.eevocablog.com/contract-employee/
なお、「嘱託社員」は定年退職後に再雇用された人たちが多いと思いますので、その場合は rehired retired employee と表現するか、他の人も含む場合は special fixed-term employee とでも表現すればいいと思います。entrusted employee と表現しているサイトや文書もあります

https://www.kaonavi.jp/dictionary/syokutakusyain/
嘱託社員は、高齢者の雇用を継続させる動きが広がる中で注目されている雇用形態です。

On doctors, it seems 嘱託 may be used for part-time highly skilled contract arrangements, but probably not so much 嘱託社員。(嘱託医 instead, we have an entry for this)
https://w-c.co.jp/media/staff_training/2826/


Top 10 N-grams Lookup for 嘱託 (Frequency Order)
嘱託	259202	  
嘱託職員	35705	  
嘱託員	28362	  
嘱託社員	18900	  
嘱託医	18223	  
嘱託の	11597	  
嘱託を	10754	  
嘱託職員の	8194	  
嘱託員の	6303

委嘱 and 嘱託 currently have nearly identical glosses, but extremely different use cases.  This is the first step in trying to tease that out.

Google 嘱託社員 イラスト and you'll get pictures of old men working.

I personally find the term "entrusted employee" unhelpful, but this seems to be how the Japanese government officially translates this into English. (I have seen it in various places)

I chose "employee" specifically over "worker", as the role is generally to continue their previous tasks in some capacity.  Even in the non-post-retirement scenario, indications are that this is for the performance of internal company tasks (一定の業務), rather than something discrete that could be readily outsourced.

gg5, prog

Split from 1041620.

Meikyo, sankoku, shinmeikai, etc.

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬───────╮
│ 席題　　 │ 2,479 │
│ せきだい │   378 │
╰─ーーーー─┴───────╯

〈福／ふく／フク〉〈引（き）／びき／ビキ〉〈券／けん／ケン〉

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮
│ 福引券　　　 │ 8,502 │ 57.2% │
│ 福引き券　　 │ 5,208 │ 35.0% │
│ ふくびき券　 │   389 │  2.6% │
│ ふくびきけん │   768 │  5.2% │
╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯

@@ -5,0 +6,7 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>福引き券</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ふくびき券</keb>
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

研究社　新和英大辞典　第５

https://www.brasilnippou.com/2023/230304-12brasil.html
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/マリオ・ツァニン

@@ -5 +5,4 @@
-<reb>ツアニン</reb>
+<reb>ザニン</reb>
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ツァニン</reb>
@@ -8 +11 @@
-<misc>&unclass;</misc>
+<misc>&surname;</misc>

Dupe.

Dupe; wrong reading.

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/昭和通り

昭和通	12430	14.6%
昭和通り	72473	85.4%

@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>昭和通</keb>
@@ -12 +15 @@
-<gloss>Shouwadoori</gloss>
+<gloss>Shōwadōri</gloss>

Aligning.

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Southern Kuril Islands (held by Russia, claimed by Japan)</gloss>
+<gloss>Southern Kuril Islands (administered by Russia, claimed by Japan)</gloss>

Aligning with the entry in JMdict

@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>the Northern Territories</gloss>
+<gloss>Southern Kuril Islands (held by Russia, claimed by Japan)</gloss>
+<gloss>Northern Territories</gloss>

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Hoppouryoudo</gloss>
+<gloss>the Northern Territories</gloss>

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Gaozu_of_Han

@@ -12 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>Ryū Hou (BCE 247-195)</gloss>
+<gloss>Emperor Gaozu of Han (BCE 247-195)</gloss>
+<gloss>Liu Bang</gloss>

 Ryuu to Ryū conversion
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Ryuu Hou (BCE 247-195)</gloss>
+<gloss>Ryū Hou (BCE 247-195)</gloss>

https://vgmdb.net/artist/19885

https://vgmdb.net/artist/8099

https://vgmdb.net/artist/21998

@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Weh Island</gloss>
+<gloss>Weh Island (Indonesia)</gloss>

研究社　新和英大辞典　第５版; https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ウェー島

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/南アルプス国立公園

Adding spec1
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-

@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ローラースルーGOGO
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Honda_ROLLER_THROUGH_GOGO_HCH.jpg
https://onlinebicyclemuseum.co.uk/1974-honda-kick-n-go/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kick_scooter#Kick_scooter

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
-<ent_corp type="jmdict">jmdict</ent_corp>
-<ent_seq>2857551</ent_seq>
+<ent_corp type="jmnedict">jmnedict</ent_corp>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>ローラースルーＧＯＧＯ</keb>
+</k_ele>
@@ -8,2 +10,2 @@
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>roller through go-go</gloss>
+<misc>&product;</misc>
+<gloss>Kick 'n Go scooter (kick scooter made by Honda)</gloss>

Looks like a transliterated product name. Is there an English term?

https://search.rakuten.co.jp/search/mall/ローラースルーゴーゴー/