JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1105190 Active (id: 2220183)

ビッグ [gai1] ；ビック [ik]

1.

[adj-na]
▶ big

History:

3.	A 2023-01-27 12:44:16 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Surprisingly common.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10 @@ +<re_inf>&ik;</re_inf>
2.	A* 2023-01-27 09:12:48 Opencooper
	Refs:	G n-grams: ビッグな　　　 137,607 ビックな　　　 62,422 ビッグイベント 66,851 ビックイベント 24,323 ビッグニュース 53,868 ビックニュース 16,330 ビッグチャンス 39,326 ビックチャンス 13,674
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@ +</r_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ビック</reb>
1.	A 2019-12-26 13:14:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s, gg5
	Diff:	@@ -10 +9,0 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos>

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jmdict 1167060 Active (id: 2220140)
一夜漬け；一夜漬；一夜づけ [sK]
【いちやづけ】

1.	[n,vs,vt] ▶ last-minute cramming ▶ overnight cramming
2.	[n] 《original meaning》 ▶ (vegetables) pickled just overnight

Conjugations

History:

7.	A 2023-01-27 00:45:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2023-01-26 21:11:13
	Diff:	@@ -27 +27 @@ -<gloss>(vegetables) salted just overnight</gloss> +<gloss>(vegetables) pickled just overnight</gloss>
5.	A 2023-01-26 21:00:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-01-26 20:55:26 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	[vt]: sankoku Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 一夜漬け　 │ 105,599 │ 82.7% │ │ 一夜漬　　 │ 15,199 │ 11.9% │ - (daijr/s, koj) │ 一夜づけ　 │ 6,619 │ 5.2% │ - sK │ いちやづけ │ 227 │ 0.2% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
3.	A 2010-08-02 10:52:09 Paul Blay <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Good point on the note - I'll remember that next time. I think this can go through now.
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2010-08-01 23:49:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	fine by me. i think there's a tendency to place a note ("orig. meaning", or "original meaning") when this is done though
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +24,1 @@ +<s_inf>original meaning</s_inf>
1.	A* 2010-08-01 11:20:16 Paul Blay <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Suggest swapping the senses to put the most common first. Although that will put the original sense second I think it's more important to have what people are most likely to need to know first. Also adding [vs] to [1].
	Diff:	@@ -18,1 +18,3 @@ -<gloss>(vegetables) salted just overnight</gloss> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<gloss>last-minute cramming</gloss> +<gloss>overnight cramming</gloss> @@ -22,2 +24,1 @@ -<gloss>last-minute cramming</gloss> -<gloss>overnight cramming</gloss> +<gloss>(vegetables) salted just overnight</gloss>

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jmdict 1195240 Active (id: 2220747)
茄子 [ichi1] ；茄
【なす [ichi1] ；なすび；ナス (nokanji)；ナスビ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n] [uk]
▶ eggplant (Solanum melongena)
▶ aubergine

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2209150 小茄子【こなすび】 1. small eggplant
	⇐ see: 2759190 オーバジーン 1. aubergine; eggplant

History:

11.	A 2023-02-03 06:35:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Quiet.
10.	A* 2023-01-28 22:48:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Interesting regional usage of the different readings, but it doesn't make なすび a dialect term. I don't think regional usage should be starred in a dictionary.
9.	A* 2023-01-28 03:09:48
	Refs:	https://j-town.net/2016/01/22220164.html?p=all
8.	A 2023-01-28 00:45:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Koj: なすび【茄・茄子】, etc, etc.
	Comments:	No sign of that in the Kokugos or JEs. Please resubmit with references.
	Diff:	@@ -29 +28,0 @@ -<s_inf>nasubi is dialectal</s_inf>
7.	A* 2023-01-27 12:02:04
	Diff:	@@ -28,0 +29 @@ +<s_inf>nasubi is dialectal</s_inf>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)
6.	A 2023-01-27 00:46:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-01-26 22:34:22 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s, koj, meikyo, shinmeikai, sankoku, etc. say that 茄 may also be read なすび
	Diff:	@@ -17 +16,0 @@ -<re_restr>茄子</re_restr>
4.	A 2013-08-10 07:36:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2013-08-09 12:42:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Unidic/ngrams.
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +23,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ナスビ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele>
2.	A 2012-10-02 07:22:10 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2012-10-02 06:31:25 Marcus
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ナス</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -21,0 +25,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>

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jmdict 1202350 Active (id: 2220176)
絵かき；絵描き；絵描；絵書き [rK] ；画描き [sK]
【えかき】

1.	[n] [fam] ▶ painter ▶ artist
2.	[n] ▶ drawing pictures ▶ doodling ▶ painting

History:

6.	A 2023-01-27 10:40:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-01-27 01:41:42 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo: 「画家」に比べると口頭語的で、ややぞんざいな言い方。 Adding [fam] tag. Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 絵かき │ 2,014,186 │ 60.7% │ │ 絵描き │ 1,218,544 │ 36.7% │ │ 絵描　 │ 9,633 │ 0.3% │ - (daijr, shinmeikai) │ 絵書き │ 6,185 │ 0.2% │ - rK (daijr/s, koj) │ 画描き │ 4,518 │ 0.1% │ - adding (meikyo) │ 画書　 │ 2,207 │ 0.1% │ │ 画かき │ 948 │ 0.0% │ │ 画書き │ 266 │ 0.0% │ │ 画描　 │ 152 │ 0.0% │ │ えかき │ 62,175 │ 1.9% │ ╰─ーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	Since 画描き is only in meikyo and is rare, I suppose [sK] is appropriate.
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<keb>絵書き</keb> +<keb>絵描</keb> @@ -14 +14,6 @@ -<keb>絵描</keb> +<keb>絵書き</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>画描き</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -20,0 +26 @@ +<misc>&fam;</misc>
4.	A 2014-08-15 10:28:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	WWW images agree, although no other ref has it.
3.	A* 2014-08-15 09:31:13 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	daijs
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +24,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>drawing pictures</gloss> +<gloss>doodling</gloss> +<gloss>painting</gloss> +</sense>
2.	A 2012-01-18 17:07:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	絵描 from daijr
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>絵描</keb> +</k_ele>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2012-01-18 13:55:55 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	78,200,000 絵かき 22,700,000 絵描き 236,000 絵書き大辞林、広辞苑 give both kanji in the same entry
	Comments:	* Add alt. spellings * Reorder defns: this is a painter specifically, hence put that first
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +5,3 @@ +<keb>絵かき</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -6,0 +9,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>絵書き</keb> @@ -12,0 +18,1 @@ +<gloss>painter</gloss> @@ -13,1 +20,0 @@ -<gloss>painter</gloss>

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jmdict 1219420 Active (id: 2220179)
奇跡的；奇蹟的 [sK]
【きせきてき】

1.

[adj-na]
▶ miraculous

History:

2.	A 2023-01-27 10:44:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 02:52:42 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 奇跡的　　 │ 458,734 │ 98.4% │ │ 奇蹟的　　 │ 7,367 │ 1.6% │ - adding (meikyo, nikk) │ きせきてき │ 323 │ 0.1% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>奇蹟的</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1244760 Active (id: 2220139)
駆け込み [news1,nf18] ；駆込み；駈け込み [rK] ；駈込み [rK] ；駆けこみ [sK] ；かけ込み [sK]
【かけこみ [news1,nf18] 】

1.	[n] ▶ running in ▶ rushing into
2.	[n] ▶ last-minute rush

History:

8.	A 2023-01-27 00:43:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2023-01-27 00:30:37 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 駆け込み │ 414,276 │ 70.7% │ │ 駆けこみ │ 16,270 │ 2.8% │ - sK │ かけ込み │ 13,364 │ 2.3% │ - sK │ 駆込み　 │ 6,737 │ 1.1% │ - (daijr/s, koj) │ 駈込み　 │ 1,604 │ 0.3% │ - adding (koj) │ 駈け込み │ 1,136 │ 0.2% │ - adding (daijr/s, meikyo) │ 駈けこみ │ 121 │ 0.0% │ │ かけこみ │ 132,637 │ 22.6% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,11 @@ +<keb>駆込み</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>駈け込み</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>駈込み</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -10,0 +22 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,3 +26 @@ -</k_ele> -<k_ele> -<keb>駆込み</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2020-11-17 23:30:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2020-11-17 14:14:36 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, meikyo
	Comments:	I don't think "stampede" is right.
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +25,5 @@ +<gloss>running in</gloss> +<gloss>rushing into</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> @@ -26 +30,0 @@ -<gloss>stampede</gloss>
4.	A 2020-11-17 02:20:42 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2020-11-17 02:20:27 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	駆け込み 414276 駆込み 6737 駆けこみ 16270 かけ込み 13364 (used by jr)
	Diff:	@@ -10 +10 @@ -<keb>駆込み</keb> +<keb>駆けこみ</keb> @@ -13 +13,4 @@ -<keb>駆けこみ</keb> +<keb>かけ込み</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>駆込み</keb>
2.	A 2010-08-10 06:01:27 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2010-08-10 03:50:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	WWW, revhenkan
	Comments:	Not-uncommon kana variant.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +11,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>駆けこみ</keb>

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jmdict 1269440 Active (id: 2220349)
後ろ足；後ろ脚；うしろ足 [sK] ；後ろ肢 [sK] ；後ろあし [sK]
【うしろあし】

1.

[n]
▶ hind leg
▶ hind foot

History:

3.	A 2023-01-29 18:17:10 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +27 @@ +<gloss>hind leg</gloss> @@ -28 +28,0 @@ -<gloss>hind-legs</gloss>
2.	A 2023-01-27 10:38:00 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 02:48:23 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 後ろ足　　 │ 222,273 │ 92.1% │ │ 後ろ脚　　 │ 14,683 │ 6.1% │ - adding (meikyo) │ うしろ足　 │ 1,792 │ 0.7% │ - adding as [sK] │ 後ろ肢　　 │ 907 │ 0.4% │ - adding as [sK] (meikyo) │ 後ろあし　 │ 513 │ 0.2% │ - adding as [sK] │ うしろ脚　 │ 198 │ 0.1% │ │ うしろ肢　 │ 23 │ 0.0% │ │ うしろあし │ 845 │ 0.4% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,15 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>後ろ脚</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>うしろ足</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>後ろ肢</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>後ろあし</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1297320 Active (id: 2220157)
作り上げる [ichi1,news2,nf33] ；創り上げる；造り上げる；作りあげる [sK] ；創りあげる [sK] ；造りあげる [sK] ；つくり上げる [sK]
【つくりあげる [ichi1,news2,nf33] 】

1.

[v1,vt]
▶ to build up
▶ to complete
▶ to construct
▶ to create
▶ to put together

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 1352320 上げる【あげる】 25. to complete ...

2.

[v1,vt]
▶ to make up
▶ to fabricate
▶ to invent
▶ to cook up

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2023-01-27 01:31:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-01-27 01:19:31 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 作り上げ　 │ 1,371,918 │ 66.6% │ │ 創り上げ　 │ 175,508 │ 8.5% │ - adding (meikyo) │ 造り上げ　 │ 84,093 │ 4.1% │ │ 作りあげ　 │ 113,991 │ 5.5% │ - sK │ 創りあげ　 │ 64,761 │ 3.1% │ - adding as [sK] │ 造りあげ　 │ 21,969 │ 1.1% │ - sK │ つくり上げ │ 77,335 │ 3.8% │ - adding as [sK] │ つくりあげ │ 151,368 │ 7.3% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<keb>作りあげる</keb> +<keb>創り上げる</keb> @@ -16,0 +17,8 @@ +<keb>作りあげる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>創りあげる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -17,0 +26,5 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>つくり上げる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
4.	A 2017-12-05 22:44:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2017-12-05 21:35:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, gg5, prog
	Comments:	Splitting.
	Diff:	@@ -28,2 +27,0 @@ -<gloss>to make up</gloss> -<gloss>to fabricate</gloss> @@ -32,0 +31,10 @@ +<gloss>to create</gloss> +<gloss>to put together</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to make up</gloss> +<gloss>to fabricate</gloss> +<gloss>to invent</gloss> +<gloss>to cook up</gloss>
2.	A 2017-02-21 08:33:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2017-02-20 11:01:58 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 作り上げる 390926 作りあげる 30357 造り上げる 16504 造りあげる 6441
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11,3 @@ +<keb>作りあげる</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -11,0 +15,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>造りあげる</keb>

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jmdict 1420250 Active (id: 2220219)
談義 [news2,nf47] ；談議
【だんぎ [news2,nf47] 】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ (informal) discussion ▶ talk ▶ conversation ▶ chat
2.	[n] ▶ (formal and tedious) talk ▶ lecture ▶ sermon
3.	[n] [dated] 《as お〜》 ▶ admonition ▶ reprimand
4.	[n,vs,vi] {Buddhism} ▶ sermon ▶ preaching
5.	[n] [dated] ▶ consultation ▶ conference ▶ discussion

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2023-01-28 01:08:32 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -34,2 +33,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -42,0 +41,2 @@ +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos>
4.	A 2023-01-28 00:55:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-01-28 00:50:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo, sankoku, shinmeikai, gg5, wisdom
	Comments:	The kokugos have 4 senses but they split slightly differently. I'm seeing 5 in total.
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19,6 @@ -<gloss>discussion</gloss> -<gloss>discourse</gloss> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<gloss>(informal) discussion</gloss> +<gloss>talk</gloss> +<gloss>conversation</gloss> +<gloss>chat</gloss> @@ -23,0 +28 @@ +<gloss>(formal and tedious) talk</gloss> @@ -25,0 +31,22 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&vs;</pos> +<pos>&vi;</pos> +<misc>&dated;</misc> +<s_inf>as お〜</s_inf> +<gloss>admonition</gloss> +<gloss>reprimand</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&Buddh;</field> +<gloss>sermon</gloss> +<gloss>preaching</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&dated;</misc> +<gloss>consultation</gloss> +<gloss>conference</gloss> +<gloss>discussion</gloss>
2.	A 2023-01-27 00:47:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-26 22:11:23 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 談義　 │ 483,383 │ 88.0% │ │ 談議　 │ 66,104 │ 12.0% │ - adding (daijr/s, koj, etc.) │ だんぎ │ 3,134 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>談議</keb>

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jmdict 1471820 Active (id: 2220143)
馬跳び；馬とび；馬飛び；馬飛 [sK] ；馬跳 [sK]
【うまとび】

1.

[n]
▶ (game of) leapfrog
▶ leapfrogging

History:

2.	A 2023-01-27 00:47:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-26 23:42:25 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	okurigana-less versions are only in shinmeikai. Only daijirin has [vs] Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 馬跳び　 │ 4,869 │ 48.3% │ │ 馬とび　 │ 2,008 │ 19.9% │ - adding │ 馬飛び　 │ 1,238 │ 12.3% │ - adding (daijr/s, koj, meikyo, sankoku) │ 馬飛　　 │ 861 │ 8.5% │ - adding as [sK] │ 馬跳　　 │ 124 │ 1.2% │ - sK │ うま跳び │ 49 │ 0.5% │ │ ウマ跳び │ 35 │ 0.3% │ │ うま飛び │ 22 │ 0.2% │ │ ウマ飛び │ 20 │ 0.2% │ │ うま跳　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ ウマ跳　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ うま飛　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ ウマ飛　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ ウマとび │ 112 │ 1.1% │ │ うまとび │ 749 │ 7.4% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,10 @@ +<keb>馬とび</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>馬飛び</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>馬飛</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -8,0 +19 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -15 +25,0 @@ -<pos>&vs;</pos>

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jmdict 1486000 Active (id: 2220229)
微笑ましい；頬笑ましい [rK]
【ほほえましい】

1.

[adj-i]
▶ heartwarming
▶ pleasant
▶ charming
▶ amusing

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2023-01-28 02:10:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>heartwarming</gloss> @@ -17,0 +19 @@ +<gloss>amusing</gloss>
2.	A 2023-01-27 10:41:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 02:35:23 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	The 頬/頰 forms are in a few kokugos (daijs, koj, meikyo, obunsha) Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬─────────╮ │ 微笑ましい　 │ 408,950 │ │ 頬笑ましい　 │ 286 │ - adding as [rK] │ 頰笑ましい　 │ 0 │ │ ほほえましい │ 155,702 │ ╰─ーーーーーー─┴─────────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>頬笑ましい</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1572160 Active (id: 2220252)
蟄居
【ちっきょ】

1.	[n,vs,vi] ▶ shutting oneself up in one's house ▶ staying indoors ▶ living in seclusion
2.	[n] [hist] ▶ house arrest (Edo-period punishment)

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2023-01-28 07:12:02 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-01-28 01:51:40 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, luminous, daij
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,3 @@ -<gloss>keeping house</gloss> +<gloss>shutting oneself up in one's house</gloss> +<gloss>staying indoors</gloss> +<gloss>living in seclusion</gloss> @@ -19 +21 @@ -<gloss>being confined to one's house</gloss> +<gloss>house arrest (Edo-period punishment)</gloss>
2.	A 2023-01-27 10:42:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 06:23:03 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	[vi]: meikyo, shinmeikai, etc. Kokugos all say the second sense is 「江戸時代」
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos> @@ -13,0 +15,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<misc>&hist;</misc>

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jmdict 1575680 Active (id: 2220212)
愛着 [ichi1,news1,nf15]
【あいちゃく [ichi1,news1,nf15] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ attachment (esp. to things)
▶ love
▶ affection
▶ fondness

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2857317 愛着【あいじゃく】 1. attachment; love; affection; fondness

Conjugations

History:

10.	A 2023-01-28 00:48:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9.	A* 2023-01-27 14:10:47 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	あいじゃく - meikyo: 古い言い方 shinmeikai: 古風な表現
	Comments:	The kokugos mark あいじゃく as dated. It also has a Buddhism sense. I think it should be a separate entry. I'll draft one.
	Diff:	@@ -10,4 +9,0 @@ -<k_ele> -<keb>愛著</keb> -<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> -</k_ele> @@ -16 +11,0 @@ -<re_restr>愛着</re_restr> @@ -20,3 +14,0 @@ -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>あいじゃく</reb> @@ -30,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>fondness</gloss>
8.	A 2023-01-27 00:50:12 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Let's just drop it.
	Diff:	@@ -23 +22,0 @@ -<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
7.	A* 2023-01-26 22:55:01 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 愛着　　　 │ 986,235 │ 99.6% │ │ 愛著　　　 │ 2,159 │ 0.2% │ - adding (daijr/s, koj, meikyo) │ あいちゃく │ 1,077 │ 0.1% │ │ あいじゃく │ 378 │ 0.0% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Comments:	あいじゃく is the only reading for 愛著, so it might not be correct to use an [ok] tag. We may want to split あいじゃく into a separate entry.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>愛著</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> @@ -11,0 +16 @@ +<re_restr>愛着</re_restr>
6.	A 2022-10-30 23:37:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)
5.	A* 2022-10-30 21:18:55 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo: 古い言い方で「あいじゃく」とも。
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
4.	A 2021-11-17 22:35:23 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +22 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
3.	A 2019-07-18 12:18:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Works for me.
	Diff:	@@ -22 +22 @@ -<gloss>attachment</gloss> +<gloss>attachment (esp. to things)</gloss>
2.	A* 2019-07-18 07:55:33 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr: 慣れ親しんでいる_人_や_物_に心をひかれ、はなれがたく感ずること。 daijs: 愛着障害 (attachment disorder) "乳幼児期に長期にわたって虐待やネグレクト（放置）を受けたことにより、保護者との安定した愛着（愛着を深める行動）が絶たれたことで引き起こされる障害の総称。" The examples in GG5 etc. are mostly about attachment to objects, but not exlusively: "(愛着を感じる人〕 one of one's loved ones", "愛着を抱く者 sb's favorite; a steacher'st pet.")
	Comments:	A specification like "(esp. to things)" on the first gloss (rather than a note) might be appropriate, I don't know.
	Diff:	@@ -24 +24 @@ -<gloss>covetous affection</gloss> +<gloss>affection</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-07-18 00:51:01 Nicolas Maia
	Comments:	My teacher mentioned how this is used for things, not people. It might be worth mentioning it in the gloss.

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jmdict 1587800 Active (id: 2220215)
入れ替わる [news2,nf34] ；入れ代わる；入れ替る；入れ代る；入れ換わる [sK] ；入れかわる [sK]
【いれかわる [news2,nf34] 】

1.	[v5r,vi] ▶ to change places (with) ▶ to be replaced (with, by) ▶ to be changed
2.	[v5r,vt] ▶ to change (seats, shifts, etc.; with someone) ▶ to switch ▶ to exchange

Conjugations

History:

6.	A 2023-01-28 00:54:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-01-27 20:08:17 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5: 私は席を隣の人と入れ替わった.　I changed seats with the person beside me. prog: 席［勤務時間］を彼と入れ替わった I changed seats [shifts] with him. shinmeikai:「入れ換わる」とも書く。入れ換わる 600
	Comments:	According to the kokugos it's always intransitive but apparently it can be used transitively as well. I think this should be a separate sense.
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,4 @@ +<keb>入れ換わる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -30,3 +34,10 @@ -<gloss>to change places</gloss> -<gloss>to relieve one another</gloss> -<gloss>to replace someone</gloss> +<gloss>to change places (with)</gloss> +<gloss>to be replaced (with, by)</gloss> +<gloss>to be changed</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v5r;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<gloss>to change (seats, shifts, etc.; with someone)</gloss> +<gloss>to switch</gloss> +<gloss>to exchange</gloss>
4.	A 2023-01-26 01:21:36 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-01-26 00:33:44 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 入れ替わる │ 233,712 │ 94.2% │ │ 入れ代わる │ 6,526 │ 2.6% │ │ 入れ替る　 │ 1,576 │ 0.6% │ │ 入れ代る　 │ 129 │ 0.1% │ │ 入れかわる │ 3,451 │ 1.4% │ - adding (seen in a meikyo entry) │ いれかわる │ 2,619 │ 1.1% │ ├─ーーーーー─┼─────────┼───────┤ │ 入れ替わっ │ 311,055 │ 93.2% │ │ 入れ代わっ │ 9,915 │ 3.0% │ │ 入れ替っ　 │ 2,328 │ 0.7% │ │ 入れ代っ　 │ 445 │ 0.1% │ │ 入れかわっ │ 6,165 │ 1.8% │ │ いれかわっ │ 3,705 │ 1.1% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +17,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>入れかわる</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2013-11-23 03:56:36 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2013-11-23 00:23:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, Koj, GG5, ngrams.
	Comments:	See comments on 1859480.
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +11,6 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>入れ替る</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>入れ代る</keb> @@ -22,0 +28,1 @@ +<gloss>to replace someone</gloss>

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jmdict 1609020 Active (id: 2220138)
飽き [ichi1,news2,nf32] ；厭き [rK]
【あき [ichi1,news2,nf32] 】

1.

[n]
▶ weariness
▶ boredom
▶ tedium
▶ tiresomeness

History:

4.	A 2023-01-27 00:39:44 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-01-27 00:21:30 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 飽き　 │ 6,008,147 │ 99.6% │ │ 厭き　 │ 22,876 │ 0.4% │ - adding (daijr/s, koj, etc.) ├─ーーー─┼───────────┼───────┤ │ 飽きが │ 235,716 │ 99.8% │ │ 厭きが │ 490 │ 0.2% │ ╰─ーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>厭き</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
2.	A 2018-03-16 13:07:02 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2018-03-16 11:34:55 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19,2 @@ +<gloss>boredom</gloss> +<gloss>tedium</gloss>

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jmdict 1625820 Active (id: 2220174)
量り売り；計り売り
【はかりうり】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ selling by measure
▶ selling by weight
▶ selling by volume

Conjugations

History:

5.	A 2023-01-27 10:39:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-01-27 02:18:29 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮ │ 量り売り　 │ 195,434 │ 91.9% │ │ 計り売り　 │ 16,647 │ 7.8% │ - adding (meikyo, gg5, obunsha, iwakoku) │ はかりうり │ 677 │ 0.3% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>計り売り</keb>
3.	A 2021-11-18 00:53:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +13 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2014-03-25 23:16:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2014-03-25 22:10:20 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Genius WaEi: "sell by weight [volume]" . Presumably, it's volume rather than weight in this case: 当時、お酒は徳利への量り売りだったのですが、そのために偽造品も多く出回っていました。
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>selling by volume</gloss>

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jmdict 1690720 Active (id: 2220185)
粕漬け；粕漬；糟漬け [rK] ；糟漬 [rK] ；かす漬け [sK] ；かす漬 [sK]
【かすづけ】

1.

[n] {food, cooking}
▶ fish or vegetables pickled in sake lees

History:

4.	A 2023-01-27 12:52:20 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -32 +32 @@ -<gloss>(fish or vegetables) pickled in sake lees</gloss> +<gloss>fish or vegetables pickled in sake lees</gloss>
3.	A 2023-01-27 00:51:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2023-01-26 22:23:49 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -30,0 +31 @@ +<field>&food;</field>
1.	A* 2023-01-26 22:23:04 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 粕漬け　　 │ 73,365 │ 54.9% │ │ 粕漬　　　 │ 50,131 │ 37.5% │ - adding (daijr/s, koj, etc.) │ かす漬け　 │ 5,506 │ 4.1% │ - adding as [sK] │ かす漬　　 │ 2,416 │ 1.8% │ - adding as [sK] │ 糟漬け　　 │ 610 │ 0.5% │ - adding as [rK] (daijr/s, gg5) │ カス漬け　 │ 357 │ 0.3% │ │ 粕づけ　　 │ 264 │ 0.2% │ │ カス漬　　 │ 177 │ 0.1% │ │ 糟漬　　　 │ 150 │ 0.1% │ - rK (daijr/s, koj, meikyo) │ 糟づけ　　 │ 25 │ 0.0% │ │ カスづけ　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ カスヅケ　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ かすづけ　 │ 581 │ 0.4% │ ├─ーーーーー─┼────────┼───────┤ │ 粕漬けの　 │ 4,171 │ 54.2% │ │ 粕漬の　　 │ 3,112 │ 40.5% │ │ かす漬けの │ 193 │ 2.5% │ │ かす漬の　 │ 83 │ 1.1% │ │ 糟漬けの　 │ 79 │ 1.0% │ │ カス漬けの │ 32 │ 0.4% │ │ 粕づけの　 │ 20 │ 0.3% │ │ カス漬の　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ 糟漬の　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ 糟づけの　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ カスづけの │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ カスヅケの │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ かすづけの │ 0 │ 0.0% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,7 @@ +<keb>粕漬</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>糟漬け</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -8,0 +16,9 @@ +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>かす漬け</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>かす漬</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1767760 Active (id: 2220175)
死に様；死にざま
【しにざま】

1.

[n]
▶ manner of death

History:

2.	A 2023-01-27 10:40:13 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 02:19:59 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 死に様　 │ 73,416 │ 88.3% │ │ 死にざま │ 9,642 │ 11.6% │ - adding (meikyo, gg5) │ しにざま │ 100 │ 0.1% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>死にざま</keb>

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jmdict 1775780 Active (id: 2220184)
落とし噺；落とし話；落し噺；落し話
【おとしばなし】

1.

[n] [arch]
▶ rakugo

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1548720 落語 1. rakugo; traditional Japanese comic storytelling; comic story (told by a professional storyteller)

History:

6.	A 2023-01-27 12:50:17 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -21 +21 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1548720">落語・らくご</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="1548720">落語</xref>
5.	A 2023-01-27 00:52:53 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-01-26 23:26:09 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 落とし噺　　 │ 1,217 │ 31.1% │ - adding (daijr/s, meikyo, sankoku) │ 落し噺　　　 │ 444 │ 11.4% │ - adding (daijr/s, koj) │ 落とし話　　 │ 440 │ 11.3% │ │ 落し話　　　 │ 96 │ 2.5% │ - adding (daijr/s, shinmeikai) │ おとし話　　 │ 90 │ 2.3% │ │ 落噺　　　　 │ 82 │ 2.1% │ │ おとし噺　　 │ 70 │ 1.8% │ │ 落としばなし │ 36 │ 0.9% │ │ 落ばなし　　 │ 30 │ 0.8% │ │ 落話　　　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ 落しばなし　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ おとしばなし │ 1,402 │ 35.9% │ ├─ーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤ │ 落とし噺が　 │ 27 │ 31.8% │ │ 落し噺が　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ 落とし話が　 │ 58 │ 68.2% │ ├─ーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤ │ 落とし噺の　 │ 90 │ 53.3% │ │ 落し噺の　　 │ 46 │ 27.2% │ │ 落とし話の　 │ 33 │ 19.5% │ ├─ーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤ │ 落とし噺を　 │ 72 │ 57.1% │ │ 落し噺を　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ 落とし話を　 │ 54 │ 42.9% │ ├─ーーーーーー─┼───────┼───────┤ │ 落とし噺だ　 │ 52 │100.0% │ │ 落し噺だ　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ 落とし話だ　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ ╰─ーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
	Comments:	All of the refs lead with the 話 form (except for koj, which doesn't have it). N-grams seem to prefer the 噺 form.
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +5,3 @@ +<keb>落とし噺</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -5,0 +9,6 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>落し噺</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>落し話</keb>
3.	A 2019-06-17 11:22:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1548720">落語・らくご</xref>
2.	A 2019-06-17 11:20:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2019-06-17 11:01:07 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>old term for rakugo</gloss> +<misc>&arch;</misc> +<gloss>rakugo</gloss>

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jmdict 1778210 Active (id: 2220159)
寄付行為 [news2,nf31] ；寄附行為
【きふこうい [news2,nf31] 】

1.

[n]
▶ deed of endowment or donation

History:

2.	A 2023-01-27 01:42:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	It probably cropped up in a lot of old documents.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<gloss>act of endowment or donation</gloss> +<gloss>deed of endowment or donation</gloss>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 01:26:23 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Refs lead with the 付 version. Not sure what the deal is with the n-grams counts. Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 寄付行為　 │ 29,148 │ 35.8% │ │ 寄附行為　 │ 52,330 │ 64.2% │ - adding (daijs, meikyo, iwakoku) │ きふこうい │ 179 │ N/A │ ├─ーーーーー─┼────────┼───────┤ │ 寄付行為に │ 6,455 │ 49.4% │ │ 寄附行為に │ 6,619 │ 50.6% │ ├─ーーーーー─┼────────┼───────┤ │ 寄付行為の │ 3,983 │ 24.2% │ │ 寄附行為の │ 12,498 │ 75.8% │ ╰─ーーーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>寄附行為</keb>

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jmdict 1839940 Active (id: 2220202)
雄松；男松
【おまつ】

1.

[n]
▶ black pine

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1287750 【クロマツ】 1. black pine (Pinus thunbergii); Japanese black pine

History:

3.	A 2023-01-28 00:27:55 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	more commonly as xref
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1287750">クロマツ</xref>
2.	A 2023-01-27 00:59:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-26 22:37:37 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーー─┬────────┬───────╮ │ 雄松　 │ 4,377 │ 77.3% │ │ 男松　 │ 1,283 │ 22.7% │ - adding (daijr/s, koj, meikyo, gg5) │ おまつ │ 21,067 │ N/A │ ╰─ーーー─┴────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>男松</keb>

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jmdict 1854150 Active (id: 2220254)
優れて；勝れて [rK]
【すぐれて】

1.

[adv] [uk]
▶ extremely
▶ exceedingly
▶ exceptionally
▶ remarkably
▶ conspicuously

History:

5.	A 2023-01-28 07:13:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-01-28 02:03:24 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬─────╮ │ 優れて政治的　 │ 148 │ │ 勝れて政治的　 │ 0 │ │ すぐれて政治的 │ 392 │ ├─ーーーーーーー─┼─────┤ │ 優れて普遍的　 │ 65 │ │ 勝れて普遍的　 │ 0 │ │ すぐれて普遍的 │ 707 │ ├─ーーーーーーー─┼─────┤ │ 優れて現代的　 │ 209 │ │ 勝れて現代的　 │ 0 │ │ すぐれて現代的 │ 288 │ ├─ーーーーーーー─┼─────┤ │ 優れて人間的　 │ 76 │ │ 勝れて人間的　 │ 0 │ │ すぐれて人間的 │ 212 │ ├─ーーーーーーー─┼─────┤ │ 優れて社会的　 │ 47 │ │ 勝れて社会的　 │ 0 │ │ すぐれて社会的 │ 160 │ ├─ーーーーーーー─┼─────┤ │ 優れて個人的　 │ 56 │ │ 勝れて個人的　 │ 0 │ │ すぐれて個人的 │ 135 │ ├─ーーーーーーー─┼─────┤ │ 優れて民主的　 │ 0 │ │ 勝れて民主的　 │ 0 │ │ すぐれて民主的 │ 21 │ ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴─────╯
	Comments:	Seems safe to say.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
3.	A 2023-01-28 01:30:28 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, chujiten 優れて政治的 148 勝れて政治的 0 すぐれて政治的 392
	Comments:	It might be uk. Raw n-gram counts aren't much use here. Meikyo says "かな書きも多い". GG5 uses kanji.
	Diff:	@@ -15,0 +16 @@ +<gloss>extremely</gloss> @@ -16,0 +18,2 @@ +<gloss>exceptionally</gloss> +<gloss>remarkably</gloss> @@ -18 +20,0 @@ -<gloss>by far</gloss>
2.	A 2023-01-27 00:58:28 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-26 21:23:21 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬───────────┬───────╮ │ 優れて　 │ 1,894,759 │ 91.8% │ │ 勝れて　 │ 4,445 │ 0.2% │ - adding (daijr/s, meikyo) │ すぐれて │ 163,717 │ 7.9% │ ╰─ーーーー─┴───────────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>勝れて</keb> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 2159210 Active (id: 2284694)

えんがちょ；エンガチョ

1.

[int] [chn]
《used to tease someone who has come in contact with something dirty, or to ward off the dirtiness from being "transferred" to oneself》
▶ (you're) dirty!
▶ (you have) cooties!

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2159220 えんがちょ切った【えんがちょきった】 1. go away, germs!; no cooties on me!

History:

20.	A 2023-11-29 23:43:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
19.	A* 2023-11-29 23:31:39 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijisen: 東京地方で、… Apparently for technical reasons, we can't currently use [dial=std]. See entry 2833343 I guess "ktb" (関東弁) includes Tokyo dialect. There might be disagreement on that. None of my refs besides daijisen describe this as dialectal, though.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<dial>&std;</dial>
18.	A* 2023-11-29 16:33:44
	Refs:	daijs
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<dial>&ktb;</dial> +<dial>&std;</dial>
17.	A 2023-01-27 22:53:41 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<s_inf>used to tease sb. who has come in contact with something dirty, or to ward off the dirtiness from being "transferred" to oneself</s_inf> +<s_inf>used to tease someone who has come in contact with something dirty, or to ward off the dirtiness from being "transferred" to oneself</s_inf>
16.	A 2020-06-09 00:23:01 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Better to have the "dirty" gloss first, esp. as "cootie" is exclusively North American.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<gloss>(you're) dirty!</gloss> @@ -16 +16,0 @@ -<gloss>(you're) dirty!</gloss>
(show/hide 15 older log entries)
15.	A* 2020-05-30 15:48:34 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Thank you for taking the time to help improving this entry. If you read the bits I quoted from English Wikipedia earlier in this thread, you'll see that "cooties" isn't exclusively about boys vs girls at all. I think "(you've got) cooties", together with the note, whoch makes its clear about dirt and not the opposite sex, is a good translation if the word is mainly used to tease the "infected" kid, as daijs' makes it seem. If it's instead really a synonym to "バリア" then "no cooties!" seems better. (plus another less US-centric gloss of course) I'm not necessarily opposed to mentioning the finger pose but daijs doesn't, and the note is already longer than ideal. I don't think examples of what "dirt" in the note alludes to (i.e. stepping in dog poo) would add much.
14.	A* 2020-05-30 10:08:14
	Refs:	https://kotoba.xyz/408/ 残酷なことに、汚い（ものを触った、踏んだ）子を遠ざける”仲間はずれ”的な意味合いで使われる。人差し指と中指をクロスさせる動作とワンセット。主に小学生の間で流行った。
	Comments:	cooties are what a person of the opposite sex naturally has 便・吐瀉物・死骸・虫・汚れた動物・泥 I see no mention of opposite sex in that list, nor persons this is why I do not think cooties is a good translation it would be better to include concrete examples of what "dirty" is it's also important to note the accompanying gesture the reference is short and to the point so please read it in full it helps with the other entry too
13.	A* 2020-05-30 09:10:39 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Re-opening.
12.	A 2020-05-30 09:10:10 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK, one issue is whether えんがちょ is mainly used to tease the kid with cooties - daijs says 不浄なものに触れた人を、子供が_はやしたてる_言葉 if so something like "you've got cooties, you've got cooties, na-nana-naa-nah" makes sense, but if it's actually mainly used as a "protective spell" like saying "バリア!" to protect yourself from cooties, then the gloss doesn't work that well. I'll self-approve and re-open to shorten the queue.
11.	A* 2020-05-30 05:49:53
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<s_inf>used to mock sb. who has come in contact with something dirty, or to ward off the dirtiness from being "transferred" to oneself</s_inf> +<s_inf>used to tease sb. who has come in contact with something dirty, or to ward off the dirtiness from being "transferred" to oneself</s_inf>
10.	A* 2020-05-30 05:49:22 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Hm then again reading the Wikipedia definition of cooties, it pretty much seems to be quite similar? "Cooties is a _fictitious childhood disease_. It is used in the United States and Canada as a _rejection term_ and an infection tag game (such as Humans vs. Zombies). It is similar to the British dreaded lurgi, and to terms used in the Nordic countries, in Italy, Australia and New Zealand.[1] A child is said to _"catch" cooties through close contact with an "infected" person_ or from an opposite-sex child of a similar age." Japanese wikipedia also says of えんがちょ: "基本的に触れられると移る、という理念の下に幼児の鬼ごっこなどに適用される。" i.e. "infection tag game", just like cooties. The only thing that seems really different is there's no concept of the opposite sex having it. 最近、不意に子供のころの記憶が浮かぶことがあります。今朝も「どうやくべんべん鍵かった」という呪文を思い出しました。 https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASL2H7X8LL2HUBQU02M.html "「えんがちょ」では防げない細菌感染何か汚いものに触るなどした友達に追いかけられた時などに、不潔なものや穢（けが）れをうつされないように、この呪文を唱えながら中指を人さし指と交差させるのです。調べたところ、呪文は私の故郷の宮城県で局地的に使われているものでした。... 　宮城県の子供が今もこの呪文を使うのか定かではありませんが、同じような風習は全国にあり、東京では「えんがちょ」、京都周辺では「べべんじょかんじょ鍵しめた」、大阪では「びびんちょ」などと言って、やはり印を結ぶそうです。"
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<s_inf>used to mock sb. who has touched something dirty</s_inf> +<s_inf>used to mock sb. who has come in contact with something dirty, or to ward off the dirtiness from being "transferred" to oneself</s_inf> @@ -15 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>you're dirty!</gloss> +<gloss>(you have) cooties!</gloss> +<gloss>(you're) dirty!</gloss>
9.	A* 2020-05-30 04:52:25 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs ［感］東京地方で、不浄なものに触れた人を、子供がはやしたてる言葉。語源は不詳。「縁がちょんと切れる」ことからとも「因果な性」の音変化ともいう。
	Comments:	You're right, I should have actually consulted the dictionaries. No vs in daijs.
	Diff:	@@ -13,6 +13,3 @@ -<gloss>no cooties!</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&vs;</pos> -<misc>&chn;</misc> -<gloss>to cross one's fingers (to ward off cooties)</gloss> +<s_inf>used to mock sb. who has touched something dirty</s_inf> +<dial>&ktb;</dial> +<gloss>you're dirty!</gloss>
8.	A* 2020-05-15 10:05:23
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/えんがちょエンガチョは「糞便を踏んでしまう」「トイレの便器に触れてしまう」など、誰かが不浄なものに触れた瞬間を第三者に目撃された段階が起点となる[1]。 https://belcy.jp/56473 「汚いもの」というのは、「便・吐瀉物・死骸・虫・汚れた動物・泥」などです。
	Comments:	I don't think this has anything to do with cooties.
7.	A* 2020-05-15 01:31:29 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Can be improved still but better than the mess this was
	Diff:	@@ -11 +11 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>∫</pos> @@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>crossed fingers and word said to call someone to be avoided as 'dirty'</gloss> +<gloss>no cooties!</gloss> @@ -17 +17,2 @@ -<gloss>to cross one's fingers (to ward off 'dirt')</gloss> +<misc>&chn;</misc> +<gloss>to cross one's fingers (to ward off cooties)</gloss>
6.	A 2018-03-28 11:09:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	A week has passed and no further details.
5.	A* 2018-03-21 04:34:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	2007 submission: http://www.mag2.com/vow/osiete/engatyo.htm http://zokugo-dict.com/04e/engacho.htm http://www.asahi.com/kansai/honma/OSK200607120041.html http://weekly.freeml.com/chousa/engatyo.html http://www2u.biglobe.ne.jp/~siren/sub/es09.htm
	Comments:	In what way?
4.	A* 2018-03-21 03:54:41
	Comments:	This entry probably needs to be amended.
3.	A 2011-05-01 02:26:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2011-05-01 01:46:59 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13,2 @@ -<misc>&col;</misc> -<gloss>crossed fingers and word said to call someone to be avoided as 'dirty' (kids' talk)</gloss> +<misc>&chn;</misc> +<gloss>crossed fingers and word said to call someone to be avoided as 'dirty'</gloss>
1.	A 2007-05-06 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2264840 Active (id: 2220204)
菱
【ひし；ヒシ (nokanji) 】

1.

[n]
▶ water caltrop (esp. Trapa japonica)
▶ water chestnut

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2857247 菱花【りょうか】 1. water chestnut flower; water caltrop flower

2.

[n]
▶ caltrop (weapon)

History:

9.	A 2023-01-28 00:35:41 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2023-01-27 15:32:01 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ヒシ科ヒシ科 (ヒシか、Trapaceae) は双子葉植物の科で、すべて一年生の水草。現生種はヒシ属の数種のみからなり、ユーラシアと北アフリカに分布する。日本にはヒシ、オニビシとヒメビシがある。 https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ヒシヒシ（菱、学名：Trapa japonica）はミソハギ科(クロンキスト体系ではヒシ科)の一年草の水草。菱の実 3935 67.3% ひしの実 676 11.6% ヒシの実 1236 21.1%
	Comments:	Having read through the discussion below, I can't see a reason for dropping "Trapa japonica" from the gloss. Although it may be used more generally, ヒシ is the name of a specific species. Doesn't appear to be uk.
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,4 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>ヒシ</reb> +<re_nokanji/> +</r_ele> @@ -12,2 +16 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>water caltrop</gloss> +<gloss>water caltrop (esp. Trapa japonica)</gloss>
7.	A 2019-08-08 16:49:47 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	that's not how we gloss entries. if it's also known as something, it gets its own gloss
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>water caltrop, also known as water chestnut</gloss> +<gloss>water caltrop</gloss> +<gloss>water chestnut</gloss>
6.	A* 2019-08-06 21:18:06 Alan
	Comments:	After looking into it a tiny bit further (specifically, noting that one of the external links on the Wikipedia article is "Species Profile- Water Chestnut (Trapa natans), National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library."), it would seem you're probably right ...or, at least, that the sources certainly don't rule it out. Either way, I have to concede/agree it's best to just let the chestnut gloss stay. (the chestnut term is best avoided, generally ...but should, indeed, be included here) That said, it's probably best to avoid implying that water caltrop and chestnut are different things.
	Diff:	@@ -13,2 +13 @@ -<gloss>water caltrop</gloss> -<gloss>water chestnut</gloss> +<gloss>water caltrop, also known as water chestnut</gloss>
5.	A* 2019-08-06 11:33:25 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	All 4 of my JEs (GG5, 中辞典, ルミナス, Grand Concise) gloss this as "water chestnut". The English 漢和字典 such as Nelson, etc. say 菱 means "water chestnut". The EJs I check all have 菱/ひし as the gloss of "water chestnut". I know the Wiktionary entry for "water chestnut" says: "The usage of water chestnut for the water caltrop is best avoided, so as to prevent confusion", but that's to avoid confusion with the Chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis), which is not an issue here. I don't see how it's a misuse of the term, and I think that gloss can stay.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>water chestnut</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2019-08-04 10:24:21 Alan
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_caltrop https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleocharis_dulcis https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/water_chestnut
	Comments:	What GG5 states, is clearly that water chestnut is a synonym for water caltrop, both referring to the trapa genus. (it points specifically to trapa japonica, but as I've shown, it's actually the whole genus generally ...though hishi alone, is typically used for what the Japanese term trapa japonica) This appears to be, however, a misuse of the term water chestnut.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>water chestnut</gloss>
3.	A 2019-08-03 22:03:49 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>water chestnut</gloss>
2.	A* 2019-08-03 18:09:15 Alan
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_caltrop https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ヒシ科
	Comments:	"The water caltrop is any of three extant species of the genus Trapa" (note the "any") Also, Japanese Wikipedias page on the trapa genus, shows that they are all considered types of hishi. On the second sense, anywhere I look "caltrap" is simply shown to be an old (obsolete) spelling for caltrop.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>Trapa japonica (species of plant closely related to water chestnut or water caltrop)</gloss> +<gloss>water caltrop</gloss> @@ -18 +17,0 @@ -<gloss>caltrap</gloss>
1.	A 2008-04-01 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2549330 Active (id: 2220293)
和子；若子
【わこ】

1.

[n] [arch]
《also used as a form of address》
▶ son of a person of high social standing
▶ young master

History:

7.	A 2023-01-28 18:20:56 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2023-01-28 09:57:23
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<gloss>young master</gloss>
5.	A 2023-01-28 00:51:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2023-01-27 12:43:38 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs (sense 2): 貴人の男の子供に対して、呼びかける語。二人称の代名詞のように用いる。
	Comments:	The "pn" tag on its own doesn't indicate that it's a second-person pronoun. I suggest a note instead.
	Diff:	@@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<pos>&pn;</pos> @@ -16,0 +16 @@ +<s_inf>also used as a form of address</s_inf>
3.	A 2023-01-27 00:57:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2023-01-26 22:45:07 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	若子: daijr/s, meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>若子</keb>
1.	A 2010-05-30 22:38:12 Juan Manuel Cardona
	Refs:	http://dic.yahoo.co.jp/search?stype=0&ei=UTF-8&dtype=2&p=和子

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jmdict 2797220 Active (id: 2220342)
丑の時参り
【うしのときまいり】

1.

[exp,n]
▶ cursing ritual where one visits a shrine at 2am and nails a doll representing a person to a tree, praying for said person's death

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2797230 丑の刻参り 1. cursing ritual where one visits a shrine at 2am and nails a doll representing a person to a tree, praying for said person's death

History:

8.	A 2023-01-29 10:56:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's tempting, but I think the resulting entry would be a bit messy.
7.	A* 2023-01-27 03:03:21 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Meikyo and iwanami both have とき as a reading for 刻 in this expression. We also have とき as a reading for 刻 here in JMdict. Perhaps these entries can be merged. Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 丑の刻参り　　　 │ 8,696 │ 96.7% │ │ 丑の時参り　　　 │ 227 │ 2.5% │ │ うしのときまいり │ 71 │ 0.8% │ ╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
6.	A 2020-05-26 01:49:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Aligning.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>cursing ritual where one visits a shrine at 2 in the morning and nails a doll representing a person to a tree, praying for said person's death</gloss> +<gloss>cursing ritual where one visits a shrine at 2am and nails a doll representing a person to a tree, praying for said person's death</gloss>
5.	A 2015-11-28 22:42:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Koj, Daijr, GG5, etc.
	Comments:	Clearly it's a valid term, appearing in a number of dictionaries, including several major 国語辞典. A better case would need to be made for its removal.
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos>
4.	A* 2015-11-28 09:07:47 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jwikip gives both 丑の刻参り and 丑の時参り KM ngrams: 丑の刻参り 346 丑の時参り 15
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2797230">丑の刻参り</xref>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	D* 2015-11-28 03:25:49
	Refs:	丑の刻参り
	Comments:	There's already the correct version using 丑の刻参り　Listed, using 時　Is not used.
2.	A 2013-08-24 12:56:48 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2013-08-24 05:05:41 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	daijs "丑の時（今の午前2時ごろ）に、神社に参り、境内の樹木に憎い人物に擬したわら人形を釘で打ちつけ、相手の死を祈る呪(のろ)い事。白衣で、頭上の鉄輪(かなわ)にろうそくをともし、胸には鏡を下げ、顔やからだを赤く塗るなどして行う。7日目の満願の夜に願いがかなうと信じられていた。丑の刻参り。丑の時詣(もう)で。" nipp etc.
	Comments:	not arch, fairly well-known (see google images)

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jmdict 2797230 Active (id: 2220172)
丑の刻参り；牛の刻参り [sK] ；丑の刻まいり [sK]
【うしのこくまいり】

1.

[exp,n]
▶ cursing ritual where one visits a shrine at 2am and nails a doll representing a person to a tree, praying for said person's death

Cross references:
	⇐ see: 2797220 丑の時参り【うしのときまいり】 1. cursing ritual where one visits a shrine at 2am and nails a doll representing a person to a tree, praying for said person's death

History:

8.	A 2023-01-27 10:37:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2023-01-27 03:16:02 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーーー─┬───────┬───────╮ │ 丑の刻参り　　　 │ 8,696 │ 85.6% │ │ 牛の刻参り　　　 │ 574 │ 5.6% │ - adding │ 丑の刻まいり　　 │ 343 │ 3.4% │ - adding │ 丑の時参り　　　 │ 227 │ 2.2% │ │ うしの刻参り　　 │ 81 │ 0.8% │ │ うしのときまいり │ 71 │ 0.7% │ │ うしのこくまいり │ 168 │ 1.7% │ ╰─ーーーーーーーー─┴───────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6,8 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>牛の刻参り</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>丑の刻まいり</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
6.	A 2020-05-26 01:48:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/Editorial_policy#Date_and_Time_Formats
	Comments:	I think for brevity and consistency we should use "2am". I've added that to the policy, but happy to discuss alternatives.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>cursing ritual where one visits a shrine at 2 in the morning and nails a doll representing a person to a tree, praying for said person's death</gloss> +<gloss>cursing ritual where one visits a shrine at 2am and nails a doll representing a person to a tree, praying for said person's death</gloss>
5.	A* 2020-05-26 00:11:54 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I agree. I've raised the issue of time notation (2am? 2 a.m.? 2 AM?) in an edit to the 丑の刻 entry.
4.	A* 2020-05-25 22:03:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think "2 in the morning" looks odd. I suggest either "two o'clock in the morning" or "2am".
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A 2020-05-25 02:54:33 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +11 @@ +<pos>&exp;</pos>
2.	A 2013-08-24 12:56:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 新和英中辞典
	Comments:	"Hour of the Ox".
1.	A* 2013-08-24 05:06:11 Marcus Richert
	Refs:	daijs "丑の時（今の午前2時ごろ）に、神社に参り、境内の樹木に憎い人物に擬したわら人形を釘で打ちつけ、相手の死を祈る呪(のろ)い事。白衣で、頭上の鉄輪(かなわ)にろうそくをともし、胸には鏡を下げ、顔やからだを赤く塗るなどして行う。7日目の満願の夜に願いがかなうと信じられていた。丑の刻参り。丑の時詣(もう)で。" nipp etc.
	Comments:	not arch, fairly well-known (see google images)

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jmdict 2825700 Active (id: 2222908)
大評判
【だいひょうばん】

1.

[n]
▶ sensation
▶ great popularity
▶ big stir
▶ big splash

History:

6.	A 2023-02-26 22:38:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2023-02-25 23:04:07 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5: 大評判になる　create a sensation; make a big stir; make a noise in the world; 《口》 make [cut] a splash その映画は大評判だ.　The movie has been a great hit [been a fantastic success]. wisdom: その劇は今大評判だ【大変人気がある】The play is very popular. 【大騒ぎになる】The play has caused a sensation. genius: 彼女の結婚は一夜にして大評判になった Her marriage produced ［caused］ a great sensation overnight.
	Comments:	I don't think "great reputation" is a good fit.
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14,2 @@ -<gloss>great reputation</gloss> +<gloss>big stir</gloss> +<gloss>big splash</gloss>
4.	A 2023-01-27 22:42:01 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12 @@ +<gloss>sensation</gloss> @@ -13 +13,0 @@ -<gloss>sensation</gloss>
3.	A 2023-01-26 20:54:50 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	reverso
	Diff:	@@ -14 +14 @@ -<gloss>good reputation</gloss> +<gloss>great reputation</gloss>
2.	A 2014-10-20 22:26:46 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Eijiro
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,3 @@ -<gloss>very popular</gloss> -<gloss>get good reputation</gloss> +<gloss>great popularity</gloss> +<gloss>sensation</gloss> +<gloss>good reputation</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2014-10-20 15:35:07 huixing
	Refs:	google 1,250,000 hits

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jmdict 2838672 Active (id: 2220209)
大反響
【だいはんきょう】

1.

[n]
▶ massive response
▶ huge reaction
▶ big stir
▶ sensation
▶ major repercussions

History:

4.	A 2023-01-28 00:47:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-01-27 18:02:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	(反響) gg5, prog
	Diff:	@@ -12,2 +12,4 @@ -<gloss>big splash</gloss> -<gloss>big response</gloss> +<gloss>massive response</gloss> +<gloss>huge reaction</gloss> +<gloss>big stir</gloss> +<gloss>sensation</gloss>
2.	A 2019-03-14 11:05:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Eijiro
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<gloss>major repercussions</gloss>
1.	A* 2019-03-14 06:30:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	jitsuyo 大反響 194396 大反響を呼んだ 16156 大反響を呼ぶ 2067 "奇抜で珍しい「キラキラネーム」に悩んできた赤池さん。ツイッターで「名前変更の許可が下りましたァー！！！！！！！！」と改名を公表すると、13 万RTされ、大反響を呼んだ。" https://headlines.yahoo.co.jp/hl?a=20190314-00009355-bengocom-soci
	Comments:	Glosses could probably be improved. I was considering [col], but I don't think that really fits.

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jmdict 2857216 Active (id: 2220156)
職権探知
【しょっけんたんち】

1.

[n] {law}
▶ court-initiated fact discovery

History:

2.	A 2023-01-27 01:30:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	職権探知 1125
	Comments:	More common than I thought.
	Diff:	@@ -13 +13 @@ -<gloss>Fact Finding on the Court's Own Authority</gloss> +<gloss>court-initiated fact discovery</gloss>
1.	A* 2023-01-13 09:52:00 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/職権探知-80495 https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/ja/laws/view/4178

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jmdict 2857247 Active (id: 2220192)
菱花
【りょうか】

1.

[n]
▶ water chestnut flower
▶ water caltrop flower

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2264840 菱 1. water caltrop (esp. Trapa japonica); water chestnut

History:

3.	A 2023-01-27 14:20:58 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="2264840">菱・ひし・1</xref> +<xref type="see" seq="2264840">菱・1</xref>
2.	A 2023-01-26 20:59:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +12,2 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="2264840">菱・ひし・1</xref> +<gloss>water chestnut flower</gloss> @@ -13 +14,0 @@ -<gloss>water chestnut flower</gloss>
1.	A* 2023-01-17 08:54:31 Alan Cheng <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	koj, daijr/s 菱花 4259

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jmdict 2857312 Active (id: 2280394)

ネガワット

1.

[n]
▶ negawatt (unit of energy saved)

History:

4.	A 2023-10-17 10:46:42 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-10-17 10:06:40 Opencooper
	Diff:	@@ -9 +9 @@ -<gloss>negawatt</gloss> +<gloss>negawatt (unit of energy saved)</gloss>
2.	A 2023-01-27 00:56:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bizarre
1.	A* 2023-01-26 22:36:47 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/ネガワット-679355 https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=ネガワット https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negawatt_market

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jmdict 2857313 Active (id: 2220147)
余り者
【あまりもの】

1.

[n]
▶ interloper
▶ third wheel
▶ nuisance
▶ burden
▶ hanger-on

History:

2.

A 2023-01-27 00:53:44 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>

1.

A* 2023-01-26 23:04:19 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>

Refs:

daijs, meikyo, sankoku
「余計者。邪魔者。厄介者。」

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーー─┬───────╮
│ 余り者 │ 1,718 │
╰─ーーー─┴───────╯

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jmdict 2857315 Active (id: 2220321)
改造内閣
【かいぞうないかく】

1.

[n] {politics}
▶ reshuffled cabinet
▶ reformed cabinet

History:

2.	A 2023-01-28 22:53:31 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
1.	A* 2023-01-27 02:25:09 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://kotobank.jp/word/改造内閣-457852
	Comments:	改造内閣 21897 Not 内閣改造

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jmdict 2857316 Active (id: 2220180)

がさつく；ガサつく

1.	[v5k,vi] ▶ to rustle ▶ to crackle ▶ to crinkle
2.	[v5k,vi] ▶ to be wild ▶ to be rowdy ▶ to be rude
3.	[v5k,vi] ▶ to become dry ▶ to lose moisture

Conjugations

History:

2.

A 2023-01-27 10:48:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>

1.

A* 2023-01-27 05:31:47 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>

Refs:

daijr/s, koj, gg5, etc.

Compare がさがさ and がさつ

I only see the third sense in meikyo: うるおいがなくなる。「肌が━」

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーー─┬─────╮
│ がさつく　 │ 554 │
│ がさついて │ 842 │
│ がさついた │ 747 │
├─ーーーーー─┼─────┤
│ ガサつく　 │ 291 │
│ ガサついて │ 718 │
│ ガサついた │ 779 │
╰─ーーーーー─┴─────╯

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jmdict 2857317 Active (id: 2220211)
愛着；愛著
【あいじゃく】

1.

[n] [dated]
▶ attachment
▶ love
▶ affection
▶ fondness

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1575680 愛着【あいちゃく】 1. attachment (esp. to things); love; affection; fondness

2.

[n] {Buddhism}
▶ addiction
▶ craving

History:

2.	A 2023-01-28 00:48:06 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 14:11:35 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, meikyo, shinmeikai, DDB
	Comments:	See comments on 1575680.

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jmnedict 5000892 Active (id: 2220153)
いしだ壱成
【いしだいっせい】

1.

[person]
▶ Ishida Issei (1974.12-)

History:

2.	A 2023-01-27 01:05:38 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 01:02:29 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/いしだ壱成
	Comments:	No idea how this happened.
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Ishi Daissei (1974.12-)</gloss> +<gloss>Ishida Issei (1974.12-)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5195915 Active (id: 2220210)
岩田聡
【いわたさとる】

1.

[person]
▶ Iwata Satoru (1959.12.6-2015.7.11)

History:

2.	A 2023-01-28 00:47:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 19:59:29
	Refs:	wiki
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Iwata Satoru (1959.12.6-)</gloss> +<gloss>Iwata Satoru (1959.12.6-2015.7.11)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5318437 Active (id: 2220194)
三谷昇
【みたにのぼる】

1.

[person]
▶ Mitani Noboru (1932.4.9-2023.1.15)

History:

2.	A 2023-01-27 17:15:30 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Mitani Noboru (1932.4.9- 2023.1.15)</gloss> +<gloss>Mitani Noboru (1932.4.9-2023.1.15)</gloss>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 14:05:33 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	wiki
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12 @@ -<gloss>Mitani Noboru (1932.4.9-)</gloss> +<gloss>Mitani Noboru (1932.4.9- 2023.1.15)</gloss>

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jmnedict 5481177 Active (id: 2220196)
足立区
【あだちく】

1.

[place]
▶ Adachi City
▶ Adachi Ward

History:

2.	A 2023-01-27 19:07:09 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 13:45:52 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adachi,_Tokyo
	Diff:	@@ -12 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>Adachiku</gloss> +<gloss>Adachi City</gloss> +<gloss>Adachi Ward</gloss>

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jmnedict 5745905 Active (id: 2236900)
水声社
【すいせいしゃ [spec1] 】

1.

[company]
▶ Suiseisha (publisher)

History:

3.	A 2023-05-08 23:48:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Adding spec1 -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
2.	A 2023-01-28 00:46:36 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 13:30:38 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/水声社

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jmnedict 5745906 Active (id: 2221506)
東京市；東亰市
【とうきょうし】

1.

[place]
▶ Tokyo City (1889-1943; former municipality now comprising the 23 special wards of Tokyo Metropolis)

History:

8.	A 2023-02-10 19:05:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Better?
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<gloss>Tokyo City (1889-1943; former municipality now occupied by the 23 special wards of Tokyo Metropolis)</gloss> +<gloss>Tokyo City (1889-1943; former municipality now comprising the 23 special wards of Tokyo Metropolis)</gloss>
7.	A* 2023-02-10 11:45:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_City
	Comments:	Tokyo Metropolis (東京都) includes 39 other municipalities.
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<gloss>Tokyo City (1889-1943; present-day Tokyo Metropolis)</gloss> +<gloss>Tokyo City (1889-1943; former municipality now occupied by the 23 special wards of Tokyo Metropolis)</gloss>
6.	A 2023-01-30 17:54:34 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Ah, I saw the [n] and assumed it was jmdict.
5.	A 2023-01-30 01:08:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	No. Don't use [n] either.
	Diff:	@@ -9 +8,0 @@ -<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -15,2 +14 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> -<misc>&hist;</misc> +<misc>&place;</misc>
4.	A* 2023-01-29 23:46:32 Nicolas Maia
	Comments:	Do we use [sK] and [hist] in jmnedict?
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A 2023-01-29 18:14:46 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +9 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -14,0 +16 @@ +<misc>&hist;</misc>
2.	A 2023-01-28 00:46:15 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 13:51:23 Nicolas Maia
	Refs:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_City
	Comments:	東京市 87976 99.9% 東亰市 88 0.1%

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jmnedict 5745907 Active (id: 2220203)
亮之介
【りょうのすけ】

1.

[male]
▶ Ryōnosuke

History:

2.	A 2023-01-28 00:34:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2023-01-27 23:07:16
	Refs:	https://vgmdb.net/artist/21163

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12.	A 2023-01-27 03:00:48 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	どちらも 3750494 99.9% 何方も 4699 0.1%
	Diff:	@@ -6 +6 @@ -<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> +<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
11.	A 2020-01-04 01:11:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Thanks, I think that works.
10.	A* 2020-01-03 23:22:57 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	It's an English grammatical rule that "both" becomes "either" in negative sentences. But in Japanese, there's no such rule. "私はそのふたごのどちらも知らない" literally means "I don't know both of those twins." It's only one sense in Japanese, but if we want to include "either", we'd have to do something like this.
	Diff:	@@ -20,0 +21,6 @@ +<sense> +<pos>&exp;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc> +<s_inf>with neg. sentence</s_inf> +<gloss>(not) either</gloss> +</sense>
9.	A* 2020-01-03 20:54:22 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Tanaka: 私はそのふたごのどちらも知らない。 I don't know either twin. これらはどちらも“意志未来”と呼ばれるもので、主語の意図が含まれています。 These are both called "future volitional" and include the intent of the subject.
	Comments:	I was happy with two senses. In the Tanaka sentences they're not really interchangeable. I think "either" should be included.
8.	A* 2020-01-03 14:07:19 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo: "二つのものが両方とも。双方。「肉と野菜、─好きです」"
	Comments:	This isn't two senses. どちらも means "both" (両方とも). In English, there are contexts where "both" and "either" are more or less interchangeable, but どちらも doesn't have the "one or the other of two things" meaning. GG5 does have "either" as a gloss but perhaps we should leave it out to avoid confusion. Meiyko gives the PoS as 連語.
	Diff:	@@ -17 +17 @@ -<pos>&adv;</pos> +<pos>&exp;</pos> @@ -21,5 +20,0 @@ -<sense> -<pos>&adv;</pos> -<misc>&uk;</misc> -<gloss>either</gloss> -</sense>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)
7.	A 2020-01-03 03:54:17 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I guess so.
6.	A* 2020-01-03 03:12:06
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +20,4 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<misc>&uk;</misc>
5.	A 2016-11-04 21:17:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4.	A* 2016-11-04 16:42:00 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: どちらも 3750494 どっちも 1622302 何方も 4699
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +6 @@ +<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri> @@ -8,0 +10 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri> @@ -11,0 +14 @@ +<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3.	A 2014-06-13 11:40:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 (どちら entry.)
2.	A* 2014-06-13 11:08:54 Marcus Richert
	Diff:	@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@ +<r_ele> +<reb>どっちも</reb> +</r_ele>
1.	A* 2014-06-13 10:18:08 Richard Warmington <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Can it refer to more than two items? (any; all; every) I thought it referred to just two things. Eij
	Diff:	@@ -15,3 +14,0 @@ -<gloss>any</gloss> -<gloss>all</gloss> -<gloss>every</gloss>

1.	[exp] [uk] ▶ both
2.	[exp] [uk] 《with neg. sentence》 ▶ (not) either

JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

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