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jmdict 1012220 Active (id: 1074131)

まやかし
1. [n,adj-no]
▶ deception
▶ make-believe
▶ fake
▶ counterfeit
▶ phony



History:
5. A 2011-08-19 22:26:50  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I don't think "ersatz" is a good translation. まやかし means fake/counterfeit. ersatz means imitation/substitute. I'll add ersatz to 模造.
4. A* 2011-08-19 17:53:26  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
"ersatz" is an adjective.  this entry is currently glossed as a noun
3. A* 2011-08-19 17:28:11  winnie <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I ran across another meaning for this word.  It is used in the book I'm reading as the translation for "ersatz".  It's just a variant on the other definitions, but I thought it might be worth adding, since there is no other translation for "ersatz" in the jmdict.
2. A 2011-01-12 07:31:53  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-01-12 01:38:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +9,1 @@
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1188690 Active (id: 2090886)
何とも [ichi1,news1,nf10]
なんとも [ichi1,news1,nf10]
1. [adv]
▶ really
▶ very
▶ extremely
▶ terribly
▶ awfully
2. [adv]
《with neg. verb》
▶ (not) anything
▶ (not) at all
▶ (not) a bit



History:
5. A 2020-12-30 20:30:10  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2020-12-30 19:54:36  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, prog, daij, koj
  Comments:
なにとも is a separate entry in the kokugos with different (archaic) meanings.
I think "quite" could be misleading.
  Diff:
@@ -16,3 +15,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>なにとも</reb>
-</r_ele>
@@ -21 +17,0 @@
-<gloss>quite</gloss>
@@ -24,0 +21,2 @@
+<gloss>terribly</gloss>
+<gloss>awfully</gloss>
@@ -29,3 +27,3 @@
-<gloss>nothing</gloss>
-<gloss>not a bit</gloss>
-<gloss>not at all</gloss>
+<gloss>(not) anything</gloss>
+<gloss>(not) at all</gloss>
+<gloss>(not) a bit</gloss>
3. A 2011-08-19 05:50:59  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Looks better.
2. A* 2011-08-19 02:16:52  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
prog, nc, gg5
  Comments:
i'm rather sure 共 is the wrong とも
  Diff:
@@ -10,3 +10,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>何共</keb>
-</k_ele>
@@ -19,0 +16,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>なにとも</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -21,1 +21,0 @@
-<gloss>nothing (with neg. verb)</gloss>
@@ -23,0 +22,8 @@
+<gloss>really</gloss>
+<gloss>very</gloss>
+<gloss>extremely</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<s_inf>with neg. verb</s_inf>
+<gloss>nothing</gloss>
@@ -24,0 +31,1 @@
+<gloss>not at all</gloss>
1. A* 2011-08-18 23:41:24 
  Comments:
Hi, the layout of this entry seems to imply that the "not a bit" meaning occurs with an affirmative verb. Is that right, or should "not a bit" fall within the scope of "with neg. verb"?

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jmdict 1234250 Active (id: 1915530)
[ichi1]
ども [ichi1]
1. [suf] [hum,uk]
▶ first-person plural (or singular)
2. [suf] [derog,uk]
▶ second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2848730 野郎ども【やろうども】 1. bastards; guys; lads



History:
7. A 2015-05-26 11:47:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2015-05-26 06:21:12 
  Refs:
n-grams
私共	15993
私ども	95668
馬鹿ども	1727
馬鹿共	588
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -19,0 +21 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
5. A 2012-09-12 04:35:04  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2012-09-03 10:17:16  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5 daijr koj
  Comments:
Add [derog] to second person sense (as in 野郎共) – it’s not extremely strong, but it is rather insulting.
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@
+<misc>&derog;</misc>
3. A 2011-08-19 14:26:04  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
that works for me
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1234260 Active (id: 1074082)
共に [ichi1,news1,nf07] 倶に供に [iK]
ともに [ichi1,news1,nf07]
1. [adv] [uk]
▶ together
▶ jointly
2. [adv] [uk]
《often as ...とともに》
▶ at the same time
▶ with
▶ as ...
▶ including
▶ along with
3. [adv] [uk]
▶ both



History:
5. A 2011-08-19 09:00:27  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2011-08-19 03:00:02  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
submitted an entry for ともにする, so removing vs
  Diff:
@@ -25,1 +25,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -32,1 +31,0 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
3. A 2011-07-23 15:51:13  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2011-07-23 07:51:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijirin, GG5, 新和英中辞典
  Comments:
Splitting as per the refs. A bit subtle.
I really doubt 供に belongs here, however I see a few refs such as the 実用日本語表現辞典 say "「共に」と同じ。「供に」は当て字。" In expressions such as "供に従える" it's really got its follower/attendant sense.
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +11,3 @@
+<keb>倶に</keb>
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
@@ -12,0 +15,1 @@
+<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
@@ -22,2 +26,18 @@
-<gloss>sharing with</gloss>
-<gloss>participate in</gloss>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
+<gloss>together</gloss>
+<gloss>jointly</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
+<s_inf>often as ...とともに</s_inf>
+<gloss>at the same time</gloss>
+<gloss>with</gloss>
+<gloss>as ...</gloss>
+<gloss>including</gloss>
+<gloss>along with</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -25,5 +45,0 @@
-<gloss>alike</gloss>
-<gloss>together</gloss>
-<gloss>along with</gloss>
-<gloss>with</gloss>
-<gloss>including</gloss>
1. A* 2011-07-23 00:41:13  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Also written 供に, with slight nuance difference (“as an attendant/servant” esp.)
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>供に</keb>

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jmdict 1261850 Active (id: 1074049)
原書 [ichi1,news2,nf33]
げんしょ [ichi1,news2,nf33]
1. [n]
▶ original document (not a copy or adaptation)
▶ book in its original language (esp. a European language)



History:
2. A 2011-08-19 01:06:19  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-18 23:10:57  Paul Upchurch
  Refs:
大辞泉 大辞林
  Diff:
@@ -18,1 +18,2 @@
-<gloss>original document</gloss>
+<gloss>original document (not a copy or adaptation)</gloss>
+<gloss>book in its original language (esp. a European language)</gloss>

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jmdict 1433030 Active (id: 2055107)
通る [ichi1,news1,nf14] 徹る透る
とおる [ichi1,news1,nf14]
1. [v5r,vi]
▶ to go by
▶ to go past
▶ to go along
▶ to travel along
▶ to pass through
▶ to use (a road)
▶ to take (a route)
▶ to go via
▶ to go by way of
2. [v5r,vi]
▶ to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.)
▶ to operate (between)
▶ to connect
3. [v5r,vi]
▶ to go indoors
▶ to go into a room
▶ to be admitted
▶ to be shown in
▶ to be ushered in
▶ to come in
4. [v5r,vi]
▶ to penetrate
▶ to pierce
▶ to skewer
▶ to go through
▶ to come through
5. [v5r,vi]
▶ to permeate
▶ to soak into
▶ to spread throughout
6. [v5r,vi]
▶ to carry (e.g. of a voice)
▶ to reach far
7. [v5r,vi]
▶ to be passed on (e.g. of a customer's order to the kitchen)
▶ to be relayed
▶ to be conveyed
8. [v5r,vi]
▶ to pass (a test, a bill in the House, etc.)
▶ to be approved
▶ to be accepted
9. [v5r,vi]
▶ to go by (a name)
▶ to be known as
▶ to be accepted as
▶ to have a reputation for
10. [v5r,vi]
▶ to be coherent
▶ to be logical
▶ to be reasonable
▶ to be comprehensible
▶ to be understandable
▶ to make sense
11. [v5r,vi]
▶ to get across (e.g. of one's point)
▶ to be understood
12. [v5r,vi]
▶ to pass for
▶ to come across as
▶ to seem like
13. [v5r,vi]
▶ to be straight (e.g. wood grain)
14. [v5r,vi] [arch]
▶ to be well-informed
▶ to be wise
15. [suf,v5r]
《after the -masu stem of a verb》
▶ to do ... completely
▶ to do ... thoroughly

Conjugations


History:
10. A 2019-12-31 06:11:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9. A* 2019-12-30 21:00:37  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Comments:
That sort of information doesn't normally go in a note.
  Diff:
@@ -38,2 +38 @@
-<s_inf>of public transport</s_inf>
-<gloss>to run (between)</gloss>
+<gloss>to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.)</gloss>
8. A 2019-09-30 05:30:57  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Many are for sense 8 - perhaps it should be earlier.
7. A* 2019-09-27 21:12:54  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A 2019-09-27 21:12:29  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I'll approve, but reopen to remind me to work on example sentences. There are 209 but only 
one sense linked.
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1498200 Active (id: 2164358)
赴任 [ichi1,news1,nf09]
ふにん [ichi1,news1,nf09]
1. [n,vs,vi]
▶ moving to a different location to start a new job
▶ (proceeding to) new appointment

Conjugations


History:
3. A 2021-11-18 01:25:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<pos>&vi;</pos>
2. A 2011-08-19 22:38:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 10:27:05  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Word change to clarify meaning – this is specifically for moving for a *new* job, not for a new posting within an existing company (which is 転任 instead).
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@
+<gloss>moving to a different location to start a new job</gloss>

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jmdict 1533680 Active (id: 2175746)
模造 [spec2,news2,nf30] 摸造
もぞう [spec2,news2,nf30]
1. [n,vs,vt,adj-no]
▶ imitation
▶ counterfeit
▶ fake
▶ sham
▶ ersatz (object)

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2022-01-22 01:33:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Correct POS order
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -21,0 +22 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
@@ -23 +23,0 @@
-<pos>&vt;</pos>
3. A 2021-11-18 01:05:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Meikyo vt and vi additions to n,vs entries
-*- via bulkupd.py -*-
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +23 @@
+<pos>&vt;</pos>
2. A 2011-08-20 14:36:12  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 22:27:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -27,0 +27,1 @@
+<gloss>ersatz (object)</gloss>

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jmdict 1539980 Active (id: 1992499)
[ichi1,news1,nf04]
とも [ichi1,news1,nf04]
1. [n]
▶ friend
▶ companion
▶ comrade
▶ pal
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1923990 ヤリ友【ヤリとも】 1. fuck buddy
  ⇐ see: 2844332 友【ゆう】 1. friend
2. [n]
▶ accompaniment
▶ companion (e.g. book)
▶ complement
▶ accessory



History:
4. A 2018-12-03 02:56:09  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -29 +29 @@
-<gloss>companion</gloss>
+<gloss>companion (e.g. book)</gloss>
3. A* 2018-12-02 09:09:21 
  Diff:
@@ -31 +31 @@
-<gloss>accesso ry</gloss>
+<gloss>accessory</gloss>
2. A* 2018-12-02 09:07:17  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
prog
  Diff:
@@ -25,0 +26,7 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>accompaniment</gloss>
+<gloss>companion</gloss>
+<gloss>complement</gloss>
+<gloss>accesso ry</gloss>
+</sense>
1. A 2011-08-19 02:25:52  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Diff:
@@ -23,0 +23,1 @@
+<gloss>comrade</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1578040 Active (id: 1074096)
[spec1]
とも [spec1]
1. [n,n-pref]
▶ together with
2. [n,n-pref]
▶ same
3. [suf] [uk]
▶ both
▶ all
▶ neither
▶ none
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2213500 どちら共【どちらとも】 1. both
4. [suf] [uk]
▶ including ...



History:
5. A 2011-08-19 14:26:26  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2011-08-19 07:58:45  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
See comment on 1234250.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +6,1 @@
+<ke_pri>spec1</ke_pri>
@@ -9,0 +10,1 @@
+<re_pri>spec1</re_pri>
3. A 2011-08-19 05:50:07  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2011-08-19 02:49:37  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Diff:
@@ -22,0 +22,1 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
@@ -29,0 +30,1 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
1. A* 2011-08-19 02:45:38  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
meikyo, prog, etc.
  Comments:
i think きょう is kanwa (only kojien has it).
  Diff:
@@ -10,3 +10,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>きょう</reb>
-</r_ele>
@@ -15,6 +12,1 @@
-<gloss>both</gloss>
-<gloss>all</gloss>
-<gloss>and</gloss>
-<gloss>as well as</gloss>
-<gloss>including</gloss>
-<gloss>with</gloss>
+<pos>&n-pref;</pos>
@@ -24,1 +16,0 @@
-<stagr>きょう</stagr>
@@ -26,2 +17,2 @@
-<misc>&abbr;</misc>
-<gloss>communism</gloss>
+<pos>&n-pref;</pos>
+<gloss>same</gloss>
@@ -30,3 +21,9 @@
-<stagr>とも</stagr>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<gloss>neither (with negative verb)</gloss>
+<pos>&suf;</pos>
+<gloss>both</gloss>
+<gloss>all</gloss>
+<gloss>neither</gloss>
+<gloss>none</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&suf;</pos>
+<gloss>including ...</gloss>

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jmdict 1591550 Active (id: 2312826)
凶具兇具
きょうぐ
1. [n] [rare]
▶ dangerous weapon
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1591540 凶器 1. dangerous weapon; lethal weapon; deadly weapon; murder weapon



History:
6. A 2024-09-15 14:37:27  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Possibly arch.
5. A* 2024-09-14 22:51:07  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Koj and nikk say "凶器に同じ。"

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーー─┬───╮
│ 凶具 │ 0 │
│ 兇具 │ 0 │
╰─ーー─┴───╯
  Diff:
@@ -9 +8,0 @@
-<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
@@ -15,0 +15,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1591540">凶器</xref>
+<misc>&rare;</misc>
4. A 2016-04-30 00:52:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2016-04-29 14:47:15  Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf>
2. A 2011-08-19 17:51:52  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, google hits
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1595150 Active (id: 2303413)
心証
しんしょう
1. [n]
▶ impression
2. [n] {law}
▶ strong belief (of the judge)
▶ conviction



History:
4. A 2024-06-05 20:43:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2024-06-05 19:25:15  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daijr
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>strong belief</gloss>
+<field>&law;</field>
+<gloss>strong belief (of the judge)</gloss>
2. A 2011-08-19 06:28:49  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 04:19:44  Jean-Luc Leger <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daij, meikyo ..
  Comments:
all my dicts keep 心証 and 心象 separate.
心象 already has its entry (2647240)
  Diff:
@@ -7,5 +7,0 @@
-<k_ele>
-<keb>心象</keb>
-<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri>
-<ke_pri>nf28</ke_pri>
-</k_ele>
@@ -14,2 +9,0 @@
-<re_pri>news2</re_pri>
-<re_pri>nf28</re_pri>
@@ -21,0 +14,5 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>strong belief</gloss>
+<gloss>conviction</gloss>
+</sense>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1632180 Active (id: 1999904)

とも [spec1]
1. [prt]
▶ certainly
▶ of course
▶ to be sure
▶ surely
2. [prt]
《usu. with volitional verb or adj. stem》
▶ even if
▶ no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how)
▶ though
▶ although
3. [prt]
《with neg. verb》
▶ without even
▶ without so much as
4. [prt]
《after an adverb》
▶ at the (least, earliest, etc.)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1421990 遅くとも 1. at the latest
5. [exp]
▶ also (called)
▶ also as
6. [prt]
《sometimes esp. an emphatic form of the particle と》
▶ well



History:
11. A 2019-03-08 10:59:06  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -17 +17 @@
-<s_inf>usu. with vol. verb or adj. stem</s_inf>
+<s_inf>usu. with volitional verb or adj. stem</s_inf>
10. A* 2019-03-04 22:31:40  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
I think "also as" is a good translation for certain cases e.g.
daijs:
"エステティック
《「エステティク」「エステティーク」とも》"
  Comments:
Could this note be clarified? "usu. with vol. verb or adj. stem" 
I think "vol. verb" is a little cryptic. Volume verb? Voluminous verb? Verb describing volume?

And the note [note="sometimes esp. an emphatic form of the particle と"] as well - isn't "sometimes esp." a little clumsy?
  Diff:
@@ -37,0 +38 @@
+<gloss>also as</gloss>
9. A 2018-03-02 04:29:40  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2018-03-01 17:30:56  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
If there has to be a (real) gloss...
  Diff:
@@ -42 +42 @@
-<gloss>emphatic particle</gloss>
+<gloss>well</gloss>
7. A 2018-03-01 02:08:38  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No longer working.
  Diff:
@@ -41,4 +40,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・1</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・2</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・3</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1008490">と・4</xref>
(show/hide 6 older log entries)

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jmdict 1666180 Active (id: 1074051)
原初 [news2,nf33]
げんしょ [news2,nf33]
1. [n,adj-no]
▶ origin
▶ source
▶ beginning
▶ starting point



History:
2. A 2011-08-19 02:10:08  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 01:07:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 新和英中辞典, etc.
  Diff:
@@ -16,1 +16,2 @@
-<gloss>origin(al)</gloss>
+<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
+<gloss>origin</gloss>
@@ -18,1 +19,2 @@
-<gloss>first</gloss>
+<gloss>beginning</gloss>
+<gloss>starting point</gloss>

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 1817440 Active (id: 2208390)
士族
しぞく
1. [n]
▶ family of samurai lineage
▶ person with samurai ancestors
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2125450 士族の商法【しぞくのしょうほう】 1. amateurish and haughty way of doing business
2. [n] [hist]
▶ shizoku
▶ [expl] the second of three official classes in Japan in 1869-1947, consisting of former samurai
Cross references:
  ⇔ see: 1709200 族称 1. hereditary social class (under system in use 1869-1947)



History:
7. A 2022-09-12 04:11:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I liked the second version. It was getting encyclopedic.
  Diff:
@@ -22 +22 @@
-<gloss g_type="expl">the second of three official classes in Japan in 1868-1947, consisting of former samurai; ranked above commoners but not afforded any special priveleges</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">the second of three official classes in Japan in 1869-1947, consisting of former samurai</gloss>
6. A* 2022-09-11 12:12:49 
  Diff:
@@ -21 +21 @@
-<gloss g_type="expl">the second of three classes in Japan in 1868-1947, consisting of former samurai</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">the second of three official classes in Japan in 1868-1947, consisting of former samurai; ranked above commoners but not afforded any special priveleges</gloss>
5. A* 2022-09-10 20:01:42 
  Diff:
@@ -20 +20,2 @@
-<gloss>shizoku (the second of three classes in Japan in 1868-1947)</gloss>
+<gloss>shizoku</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">the second of three classes in Japan in 1868-1947, consisting of former samurai</gloss>
4. A* 2022-09-10 20:01:01 
  Refs:
Kojien
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/shizoku
  Diff:
@@ -12,3 +12,9 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1195580">華族・かぞく</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1195580">華族・かぞく</xref>
-<gloss>family or person with samurai ancestors</gloss>
+<gloss>family of samurai lineage</gloss>
+<gloss>person with samurai ancestors</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1709200">族称</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1709200">族称</xref>
+<misc>&hist;</misc>
+<gloss>shizoku (the second of three classes in Japan in 1868-1947)</gloss>
3. A 2011-08-20 14:35:27  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 1956560 Active (id: 1074129)
[news1,nf06]
せん [news1,nf06]
1. [n,n-suf]
▶ selection
▶ choice
▶ choosing
▶ picking
▶ election
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2244150 撰【せん】 1. anthology (of poetry, etc.); compilation; collection; selection



History:
3. A 2011-08-19 22:18:36  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2011-08-19 18:09:18  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
-gg5 gives the second sense, but no examples of its usage.  i think they may be confused.
-vs unnecessary, as せんする entries have been added
  Diff:
@@ -8,3 +8,0 @@
-</k_ele>
-<k_ele>
-<keb>撰</keb>
@@ -20,1 +17,1 @@
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="2244150">撰・せん</xref>
@@ -23,0 +20,2 @@
+<gloss>choosing</gloss>
+<gloss>picking</gloss>
@@ -25,7 +24,0 @@
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
-<pos>&vs;</pos>
-<gloss>compilation</gloss>
-<gloss>editing</gloss>
-</sense>
1. A* 2011-08-19 09:28:49  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 研究社中辞典
  Comments:
* Add [n-suf] – used as suffix (as in GG5)
* Add [vs] – seems to be used, given in 中辞典 (as 選をする)
* Add 撰 – frequently used, and AFAICT used pretty interchangeably with 選 (I see 撰 on food a lot, as in 和菓撰 (“select wagashi”) at FamilyMart, and on some nattō).
* I don’t know that there’s any difference in usage of 撰, so no notes/glosses to that effect – maybe a bit more used for poetry (per dicts), but it seems to get plenty of use in food, say.
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +8,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>撰</keb>
@@ -16,0 +19,2 @@
+<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>
@@ -22,0 +27,2 @@
+<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
+<pos>&vs;</pos>

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jmdict 2140700 Active (id: 1074047)
末吉
すえきち
1. [n]
▶ good luck to come (omikuji fortune-telling result)
▶ future good luck
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1270440 御神籤【おみくじ】 1. fortune slip (usu. bought at a shrine)



History:
6. A 2011-08-19 00:57:30  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2011-08-18 22:55:03  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr, GG5
  Comments:
I think the note is better in the gloss.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,3 @@
-<s_inf>Fortune telling result at shrine omikuji (fortune slips)</s_inf>
-<gloss>good luck to come</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1270440">御神籤・おみくじ</xref>
+<gloss>good luck to come (omikuji fortune-telling result)</gloss>
+<gloss>future good luck</gloss>
4. A* 2011-08-18 12:25:11  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 大辞林、広辞苑
  Comments:
Replace definitions with simple “good luck to come”, which is the literal definition and what is given in all the dictionaries I looked at.
Other definitions (“uncertain, will become apparent”) don’t seem supported.
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>uncertain luck (as a fortune telling result)</gloss>
-<gloss>luck which will become apparent as time passes</gloss>
+<s_inf>Fortune telling result at shrine omikuji (fortune slips)</s_inf>
+<gloss>good luck to come</gloss>
3. A 2010-12-21 08:38:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2010-12-21 05:23:52  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
for better or worse, none of the other potential みくじ fortunes link to that entry
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1270440">おみ籤</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1270440">御神籤</xref>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2213500 Active (id: 1074076)
どちら共
どちらとも
1. [n] [uk]
▶ both
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1578040 共【とも】 3. both; all; neither; none



History:
4. A 2011-08-19 05:52:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2011-08-19 02:46:10  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
update xref if edit goes through
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1578040">共・とも・1</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1578040">共・とも・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1578040">共・とも・3</xref>
2. A 2011-08-19 02:22:27  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12,1 +12,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1578040">共・とも</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1578040">共・とも・1</xref>
1. A 2007-10-06 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2230960 Active (id: 1991905)

きちきつ
1. [n,adj-no]
▶ good fortune (esp. omikuji fortune-telling result)
▶ good luck
▶ auspiciousness
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1270440 御神籤【おみくじ】 1. fortune slip (usu. bought at a shrine)
2. [n] [abbr]
▶ unspecified day of the month (used to obscure the date a letter, invitation, etc. was written)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1577870 吉日 2. unspecified day of the month (used to obscure the date a letter, invitation, etc. was written)



History:
7. A 2018-11-27 22:30:18  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Aligning.
  Diff:
@@ -25 +25 @@
-<gloss>an unspecified day of the month, used on diplomas, proclamations, etc.</gloss>
+<gloss>unspecified day of the month (used to obscure the date a letter, invitation, etc. was written)</gloss>
6. A 2018-11-25 20:47:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2018-11-23 07:23:46 
  Refs:
https://www.reddit.com/r/LearnJapanese/comments/9yxm9e/what_does_it_mean_when_吉_is_used_in_a_date_like/
  Comments:
Not sure if actually common
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +21,6 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1577870">吉日・2</xref>
+<misc>&abbr;</misc>
+<gloss>an unspecified day of the month, used on diplomas, proclamations, etc.</gloss>
+</sense>
4. A 2011-08-19 00:57:56  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2011-08-18 23:00:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 新和英中辞典, Daijr
  Comments:
Again, better to have the omikuji mention in the gloss, plus xref.
I wondered about きつ, but I see Koj has it for this meaning.
  Diff:
@@ -16,2 +16,2 @@
-<s_inf>particularly at shrines in omikuji (fortune strips)</s_inf>
-<gloss>good fortune</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="1270440">御神籤・おみくじ</xref>
+<gloss>good fortune (esp. omikuji fortune-telling result)</gloss>
@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@
+<gloss>auspiciousness</gloss>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2244150 Active (id: 1074201)

せん
1. [n,n-suf]
《sometimes confused with 選》
▶ anthology (of poetry, etc.)
▶ compilation
▶ collection
▶ selection
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1956560 選【せん】 1. selection; choice; choosing; picking; election



History:
6. A 2011-08-20 14:35:51  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2011-08-19 22:19:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Perhaps a note?
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@
+<s_inf>sometimes confused with 選</s_inf>
4. A 2011-08-19 22:14:00  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2011-08-19 18:11:20  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
all kokugo dics (gg5 may be confused in their entry for 選?)
  Comments:
no, they aren't the same.  the difference is: 撰 is anthology of poetry; 選 is the selecting of anything
  Diff:
@@ -12,0 +12,4 @@
+<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1956560">選・せん・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1956560">選・せん</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1956560">選・せん・1</xref>
@@ -13,0 +17,2 @@
+<gloss>compilation</gloss>
+<gloss>collection</gloss>
@@ -14,1 +20,0 @@
-<gloss>compilation</gloss>
2. D* 2011-08-19 09:31:05  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
* These seems identical to 選 basically an older variant, and used pretty interchangeably in compounds AFAICT.
* If 撰/選 really are different, could the distinction be clarified?
* (They should probably be linked to each other regardless.)
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2266700 Active (id: 2049296)
早くとも
はやくとも
1. [adv]
▶ at the earliest
▶ at the soonest
Cross references:
  ⇔ ant: 1421990 遅くとも 1. at the latest



History:
5. A 2019-10-06 23:53:29  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
My version of shinmeikai doesn't give a PoS for this. But I see that 遅くとも is 〘副〙 in daijr and koj so I'll put it back. Can probably drop exp as well.
  Diff:
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<pos>&exp;</pos>
+<pos>&adv;</pos>
4. A* 2019-10-06 22:14:47  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
shinmeikai
はやくとも【早くとも】
(副)
  Comments:
are we sure it's not an adverb?
3. A* 2019-10-05 20:40:05  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Comments:
Not an adverb.
I don't think we need an x-ref to とも.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +11,0 @@
-<pos>&adv;</pos>
@@ -14 +12,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1632180">とも・3</xref>
@@ -15,0 +14 @@
+<gloss>at the soonest</gloss>
2. A 2011-08-19 02:22:50  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -14,1 +14,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1632180">とも</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1632180">とも・3</xref>
1. A 2008-04-01 00:00:00 
  Comments:
Entry created

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jmdict 2552950 Active (id: 1127619)

ごとぐち [ok]
1. [suf] [uk]
▶ including...
▶ with ...
▶ inclusive of
▶ ...and all
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2817610 皮ごと【かわごと】 1. with the skin on; skin and all (fruit, potato, etc.)



History:
6. A 2013-03-27 06:23:37  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +18,1 @@
+<gloss>with ...</gloss>
5. A 2011-08-19 05:49:33  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2011-08-19 02:37:12  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +9,4 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>ぐち</reb>
+<re_inf>&ok;</re_inf>
3. A* 2011-08-19 02:34:40  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Comments:
also, i think gg5's glosses are more accurate.  e.g.
魚を骨ごと食う means "eat a fish, bones and all", not "eat the whole bones", etc.
  Diff:
@@ -13,3 +13,3 @@
-<gloss>with the rest</gloss>
-<gloss>all of</gloss>
-<gloss>the whole</gloss>
+<gloss>including...</gloss>
+<gloss>inclusive of</gloss>
+<gloss>...and all</gloss>
2. A* 2011-08-19 02:31:52  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, gg5
  Comments:
almost certain the wrong uk was applied here
  Diff:
@@ -9,1 +9,0 @@
-<re_inf>&uK;</re_inf>
@@ -13,0 +12,1 @@
+<misc>&uk;</misc>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2647240 Active (id: 2055192)
心象 [news2,nf28]
しんしょう [news2,nf28]
1. [n]
▶ mental image
▶ mental picture
▶ image



History:
5. A 2020-01-01 18:50:02  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Diff:
@@ -16,0 +17 @@
+<gloss>mental picture</gloss>
4. A 2011-08-19 06:28:42  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
thanks.  i didn't catch the duplication because 心証 (not 心象) shows up in the list of "did you mean ..." entries
3. A* 2011-08-19 04:22:24  Jean-Luc Leger <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
moving priority data from entry 1595150
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +6,2 @@
+<ke_pri>news2</ke_pri>
+<ke_pri>nf28</ke_pri>
@@ -9,0 +11,2 @@
+<re_pri>news2</re_pri>
+<re_pri>nf28</re_pri>
2. A 2011-07-14 00:51:36  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij, gg5
  Comments:
provide refs, please
  Diff:
@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>mental image, image</gloss>
+<gloss>mental image</gloss>
+<gloss>image</gloss>
1. A* 2011-07-14 00:06:45 

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jmdict 2653960 Active (id: 1074086)
湯水のごとく湯水の如く
ゆみずのごとく
1. [adv,exp]
《as in 'spend money like water'》
▶ like water
▶ like it grows on trees
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1774260 湯水 2. abundant item; plentiful item



History:
3. A 2011-08-19 09:06:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Trimming comment.
  Diff:
@@ -17,1 +17,2 @@
-<s_inf>Generally used in various wording for 'to use, to spend, to waste', esp. money, as in 'spend money like water'.</s_inf>
+<s_inf>as in 'spend money like water'</s_inf>
+<gloss>like water</gloss>
@@ -19,1 +20,0 @@
-<gloss g_type="lit">like water</gloss>
2. A* 2011-08-18 19:45:51  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
common enough, but standard use of ごとく, especially now that sense 2 of 湯水 is spelled out in detail.  i can take it or leave it
  Diff:
@@ -16,1 +16,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2653950">湯水のように使う</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1774260">湯水・2</xref>
1. A* 2011-08-17 16:08:58  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
英辞郎
  Comments:
Alt. form (more literary – 如く for ように)

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jmdict 2654140 Active (id: 1074085)

とも
1. [n]
▶ archer's left-wrist protector



History:
2. A 2011-08-19 09:02:14  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 02:19:03  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij, gg5

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jmdict 2654150 Active (id: 1074083)

むたみた (共)
1. [n] [arch]
《after noun+が, pronoun+の, etc.》
▶ together with ...



History:
2. A 2011-08-19 09:01:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 02:41:13  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij

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jmdict 2654160 Active (id: 1074065)
一流会社
いちりゅうかいしゃ
1. [n]
▶ top-ranked firm
▶ top-tier corporation
▶ leading company
▶ prestigious company
▶ stellar company



History:
2. A 2011-08-19 02:49:14  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 02:46:59  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5

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jmdict 2654170 Active (id: 1074084)
共にする
ともにする
1. [exp,vs-i]
▶ to do together
▶ to share
▶ to participate in

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2011-08-19 09:01:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 02:59:20  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daijr

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jmdict 2654180 Active (id: 1947032)
整備計画
せいびけいかく
1. [n]
▶ improvement project
▶ construction plan
2. [n]
▶ maintenance plan
▶ maintenance schedule
▶ maintenance program



History:
4. A 2017-03-02 02:08:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2017-02-26 17:13:20  Amen Lernsky <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=整備計画
http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/整備計画
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +15,6 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>maintenance plan</gloss>
+<gloss>maintenance schedule</gloss>
+<gloss>maintenance program</gloss>
+</sense>
2. A 2011-08-19 14:28:25  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 09:17:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, Eijiro

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jmdict 2654190 Active (id: 1074097)
税金滞納
ぜいきんたいのう
1. [n]
▶ tax arrears
▶ failure to pay tax



History:
2. A 2011-08-19 14:27:45  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 09:21:17  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 新和英中辞典, Eijiro

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jmdict 2654200 Active (id: 1074099)
売却価格
ばいきゃくかかく
1. [n]
▶ sale price
▶ selling price
▶ sales value



History:
2. A 2011-08-19 14:28:40  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 09:24:37  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Eijiro, 1.3M hits

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jmdict 2654210 Active (id: 1074100)
否定疑問文
ひていぎもんぶん
1. [n] {linguistics}
▶ negative question
▶ [expl] question asked in the negative (e.g. "Can't you read Japanese?")



History:
2. A 2011-08-19 14:37:30  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -14,1 +14,1 @@
-<gloss>question asked in the negative (e.g. "Can't you read Japanese?")</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">question asked in the negative (e.g. "Can't you read Japanese?")</gloss>
1. A* 2011-08-19 09:52:19  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/疑問文
  Comments:
* Promote
* Add pos [n]
* Add [ling] tag
* Add eg sentence
We studied these in class today, and I asked sentence what they were called; after a moment’s thought, he replied with this (confirmed by WP and fact that there’s an WI4 entry for it).

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jmdict 2654220 Active (id: 1074139)
楷行草
かいぎょうそう
1. [n]
▶ printed, semi-cursive, and cursive scripts
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1568280 楷書 1. printed style (of writing Chinese characters); square style; block style; standard style
  ⇒ see: 1281960 行書 1. semi-cursive style (of writing Chinese characters); running style
  ⇒ see: 1402000 草書 1. highly cursive style (of writing Chinese characters); grass style
  ⇒ see: 2654350 行草【ぎょうそう】 1. running and cursive scripts



History:
2. A 2011-08-19 22:45:05  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Tsk, tsk. No reading.
  Diff:
@@ -7,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>かいぎょうそう</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -12,0 +15,1 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2654350">行草・ぎょうそう</xref>
1. A* 2011-08-19 10:45:54  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 新解さん, 400k+ Google hits

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jmdict 2654230 Active (id: 1074280)
美男葛
びなんかずら
1. [n]
▶ scarlet kadsura (Kadsura japonica)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2654360 実葛【さねかずら】 1. scarlet kadsura (Kadsura japonica)
2. [n]
▶ white sash tied around the head, with ends hanging down and tucked into belt, worn in kyogen to indicate a female character being played by a man



History:
3. A 2011-08-21 23:00:07  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2011-08-19 22:57:13  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
A little rewording.
The kokugos all put the plant first. GG5 only has the plant.
  Diff:
@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>headdress worn in kyogen to indicate a female character (being played by a man), a white sash tied around the head, with ends hanging down and tucked into belt</gloss>
+<xref type="see" seq="2654360">実葛・さねかずら</xref>
+<gloss>scarlet kadsura (Kadsura japonica)</gloss>
@@ -16,1 +17,1 @@
-<gloss>a type of flower (Kadsura japonica)</gloss>
+<gloss>white sash tied around the head, with ends hanging down and tucked into belt, worn in kyogen to indicate a female character being played by a man</gloss>
1. A* 2011-08-19 16:29:05  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
大辞林、広辞苑
  Comments:
This is a distinctive item in kyōgen (just used on NHK program tonight); 大辞林 has a good picture.

Hope definition is ok – it’s a bit intricate to describe, b/c it’s so unfamiliar (I’ve omitted minor details, like the knob/horn-like bits at the top).

I wonder if the 葛(かずら) is a corruption/respelling of 鬘 “headdress, wig”, which makes more sense etymologically.

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jmdict 2654240 Active (id: 2305293)
少子高齢化
しょうしこうれいか
1. [n]
▶ declining birth rate and aging population



History:
6. A 2024-06-20 20:21:53  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
5. A* 2024-06-20 14:08:59  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think one gloss is enough.
I don't think the x-refs are needed.
  Diff:
@@ -12,4 +12 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2011350">少子化</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2086740">高齢化</xref>
-<gloss>decreasing birthrate and aging population</gloss>
-<gloss>aging population combined with a diminishing number of children</gloss>
+<gloss>declining birth rate and aging population</gloss>
4. A 2022-09-20 06:06:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Yes
3. A* 2022-09-20 05:50:02  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
too many glosses
  Diff:
@@ -15,4 +15 @@
-<gloss>aging population combined with the diminishing number of children</gloss>
-<gloss>declining birthrate and a growing proportion of elderly people</gloss>
-<gloss>dwindling birthrate and an aging population</gloss>
-<gloss>low birthrate and longevity</gloss>
+<gloss>aging population combined with a diminishing number of children</gloss>
2. A 2011-08-19 17:52:15  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2654250 Active (id: 2308911)

1. [aux-v]
《だ after certain verb forms; indicates past or completed action》
▶ did
▶ (have) done
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2843516 し 1. did; (have) done
  ⇐ see: 2861005 き 1. did; (have) done
2. [aux-v]
《indicates mild imperative》
▶ (please) do



History:
17. A 2024-08-17 05:01:36  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
16. A* 2024-08-17 04:14:53  Non
  Comments:
Corrected minor grammatical error on the note.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<s_inf>だ after certain verb forms; indicate past or completed action</s_inf>
+<s_inf>だ after certain verb forms; indicates past or completed action</s_inf>
15. A 2024-08-16 07:12:44  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No comments. Closing. As it happens no sentence index changes are needed.
14. A* 2024-08-13 00:49:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Implementing the suggestion made in entry 2089020 (だ). The note on sense #1 is probably not needed.
If this is approaved I'll probably have to reindex a lot of sentences.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +7,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>だ</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -9,2 +11,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2089020">だ・2</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2089020">だ・2</xref>
@@ -17,2 +17,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2089020">だ・3</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2089020">だ・3</xref>
13. A 2018-06-13 03:41:43  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I do too. At the worst they are harmless.
(show/hide 12 older log entries)

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jmdict 2654260 Rejected (id: 1074115)

1. [aux-v]
▶ used to indicate past action for the speaker
2. [aux-v]
▶ used to indicate completed action for the speaker
3. [aux-v]
▶ used to indicate soft subjunctive situation
4. [aux-v]
▶ used to indicate light imperative

History:
2. R 2011-08-19 17:54:36  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
should be part of an entry for た. merge
1. A* 2011-08-19 17:20:24  Osamu Aoki <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/た under 助動詞
xref た [aux-v]
  Comments:
Special conjugation: だろ,○,だ,だ,だら,○
Used after v5g, v5n, v5b, v5m
だらば form rarely used

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jmdict 2654270 Active (id: 1074299)

1. [aux]
《で after certain verb forms》
▶ indicates continuing action
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2028980 で 5. and then; so
  ⇐ see: 2028980 で 6. and; then



History:
6. A 2011-08-22 00:51:06  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -9,1 +9,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で・5</xref>
5. A 2011-08-22 00:30:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I wonder about the "aux". UniDic has "助詞,接続助詞" for this. I guess "aux" covers a multitude of sins.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +9,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
@@ -10,1 +12,1 @@
-<gloss>used to indicate continuing action</gloss>
+<gloss>indicates continuing action</gloss>
4. A* 2011-08-19 20:28:44  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
actually, come to think of it, れる and られる could be merged with a note.  they're already sufficiently well-documented.
3. A* 2011-08-19 20:06:48  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
they have to be merged because one is merely an alternate pronunciation of the other that occurs with certain verb forms. れる and られる are clearly more divergent than て and で.

in addition, there is already an existing entry for で, and we try to avoid having entries with identical headword/reading combos.
  Diff:
@@ -7,3 +7,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>で</reb>
-</r_ele>
@@ -12,0 +9,1 @@
+<s_inf>で after certain verb forms</s_inf>
2. A* 2011-08-19 18:15:40  Osamu Aoki <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
If these 2 needs to be merged as RENE suggested, I have no 
idea why れる・られる or せる・させる are not merged.

All these require to follow complicated conjugation rule but 
the same word for each.

Criteria for an entity is a bit unclear.
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>で</reb>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)

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jmdict 2654270 Active pending (parent: 1074299) (id: 2298722)

1. [prt,conj]
《forms plain conjunction; 1-7 become ~で after godan verbs ending in ぐ, む, ぶ or ぬ》
▶ and...
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2028980 で 6. and; then
  ⇐ see: 2028980* で 6. and; then
2. [prt,conj]
《connects sentences in order of occurrence》
▶ and then...
3. [prt,conj]
《connects sentences in causal relation》
▶ and because of that...
4. [prt,conj]
《connects sentences in instrumental relation》
▶ and through that... (preceding sentence is the means by which following sentence takes place)
5. [prt,conj]
《forms contrastive conjunction》
▶ but...
6. [prt]
▶ [expl] used to connect verbs to auxiliary verbs or to form compound verbs
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1577980 【いる】 3. to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
7. [prt] [col]
《used at sentence end》
▶ [expl] used to make a request



History:
7. A* 2024-04-21 04:37:14  Non
  Refs:
daijr, daijs
  Comments:
Changed [aux] to [prt] as it is classed as a 接続助詞. Completely changing glossary as "Indicates continuing action" will likely lead anyone learning of this word through this entry to think of a continuous verb rather than a conjunction.
Senses are based on the references listed, mainly daijr, they are not absolutely exhaustive but these should be the main ones. I opted to make [1] what it is as most other senses can be imposed upon it by context.

If accepted, I would like to suggest deleting the 5th sense of the entry on ~で that leads here: it is same word and the changes to notes in this entry should make it unnecessary.
  Diff:
@@ -8,4 +8,39 @@
-<pos>&aux;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で・5</xref>
-<s_inf>で after certain verb forms</s_inf>
-<gloss>indicates continuing action</gloss>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>forms plain conjunction; 1-7 become ~で after godan verbs ending in ぐ, む, ぶ or ぬ</s_inf>
+<gloss>and...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>connects sentences in order of occurrence</s_inf>
+<gloss>and then...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>connects sentences in causal relation</s_inf>
+<gloss>and because of that...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>connects sentences in instrumental relation</s_inf>
+<gloss>and through that... (preceding sentence is the means by which following sentence takes place)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>forms contrastive conjunction</s_inf>
+<gloss>but...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1577980">いる・3</xref>
+<gloss g_type="expl">used to connect verbs to auxiliary verbs or to form compound verbs</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<s_inf>used at sentence end</s_inf>
+<gloss g_type="expl">used to make a request</gloss>
6. A 2011-08-22 00:51:06  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -9,1 +9,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で・5</xref>
5. A 2011-08-22 00:30:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I wonder about the "aux". UniDic has "助詞,接続助詞" for this. I guess "aux" covers a multitude of sins.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +9,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
@@ -10,1 +12,1 @@
-<gloss>used to indicate continuing action</gloss>
+<gloss>indicates continuing action</gloss>
4. A* 2011-08-19 20:28:44  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
actually, come to think of it, れる and られる could be merged with a note.  they're already sufficiently well-documented.
3. A* 2011-08-19 20:06:48  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
they have to be merged because one is merely an alternate pronunciation of the other that occurs with certain verb forms. れる and られる are clearly more divergent than て and で.

in addition, there is already an existing entry for で, and we try to avoid having entries with identical headword/reading combos.
  Diff:
@@ -7,3 +7,0 @@
-<r_ele>
-<reb>で</reb>
-</r_ele>
@@ -12,0 +9,1 @@
+<s_inf>で after certain verb forms</s_inf>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2654270 Active pending (parent: 2298722) (id: 2298778)

1. [prt,conj]
《forms plain conjunction; 1-7 become ~で after godan verbs ending in ぐ, む, ぶ or ぬ》
▶ and...
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2028980 で 6. and; then
  ⇐ see: 2028980* で 6. and; then
2. [prt,conj]
《connects sentences in order of occurrence》
▶ and then...
3. [prt,conj]
《connects sentences in causal relation》
▶ and because of that...
4. [prt,conj]
《connects sentences in instrumental relation》
▶ and through that... (preceding sentence is the means by which following sentence takes place)
5. [prt,conj]
《forms contrastive conjunction》
▶ but...
6. [prt]
▶ [expl] used to connect verbs to auxiliary verbs or to form compound verbs
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1577980 【いる】 3. to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
7. [prt] [col]
《used at sentence end》
▶ [expl] used to make a request



History:
8. A* 2024-04-21 19:39:24  Non
  Comments:
Proposing adding で to readings to go along with the proposal of deleting the sense of the cross-reference leading here.
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>で</reb>
7. A* 2024-04-21 04:37:14  Non
  Refs:
daijr, daijs
  Comments:
Changed [aux] to [prt] as it is classed as a 接続助詞. Completely changing glossary as "Indicates continuing action" will likely lead anyone learning of this word through this entry to think of a continuous verb rather than a conjunction.
Senses are based on the references listed, mainly daijr, they are not absolutely exhaustive but these should be the main ones. I opted to make [1] what it is as most other senses can be imposed upon it by context.

If accepted, I would like to suggest deleting the 5th sense of the entry on ~で that leads here: it is same word and the changes to notes in this entry should make it unnecessary.
  Diff:
@@ -8,4 +8,39 @@
-<pos>&aux;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で・5</xref>
-<s_inf>で after certain verb forms</s_inf>
-<gloss>indicates continuing action</gloss>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>forms plain conjunction; 1-7 become ~で after godan verbs ending in ぐ, む, ぶ or ぬ</s_inf>
+<gloss>and...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>connects sentences in order of occurrence</s_inf>
+<gloss>and then...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>connects sentences in causal relation</s_inf>
+<gloss>and because of that...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>connects sentences in instrumental relation</s_inf>
+<gloss>and through that... (preceding sentence is the means by which following sentence takes place)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>forms contrastive conjunction</s_inf>
+<gloss>but...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1577980">いる・3</xref>
+<gloss g_type="expl">used to connect verbs to auxiliary verbs or to form compound verbs</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<s_inf>used at sentence end</s_inf>
+<gloss g_type="expl">used to make a request</gloss>
6. A 2011-08-22 00:51:06  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -9,1 +9,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で・5</xref>
5. A 2011-08-22 00:30:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I wonder about the "aux". UniDic has "助詞,接続助詞" for this. I guess "aux" covers a multitude of sins.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +9,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
@@ -10,1 +12,1 @@
-<gloss>used to indicate continuing action</gloss>
+<gloss>indicates continuing action</gloss>
4. A* 2011-08-19 20:28:44  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
actually, come to think of it, れる and られる could be merged with a note.  they're already sufficiently well-documented.
(show/hide 3 older log entries)

View entry in alternate formats: jel | edict | jmdict xml | jmnedict xml | jmdictdb xml
jmdict 2654270 Active pending (parent: 2298778) (id: 2308177)

1. [prt,conj]
《joins two sentences; becomes で after 五段 verbs ending in ぐ, む, ぶ or ぬ》
▶ and
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2028980 で 6. and; then
  ⇐ see: 2028980* で 6. and; then
2. [prt,conj]
《connects sentences in order of occurrence》
▶ and (then)
3. [prt,conj]
《connects sentences in causal relation》
▶ and (because of that)
4. [prt,conj]
《connects sentences in instrumental relation; preceding sentence is means by which following sentence takes place》
▶ and (through that)...
5. [prt,conj]
《forms contrastive conjunction》
▶ but...
6. [prt]
▶ [expl] used to connect to auxiliary verbs or to form compound verbs
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1577980 【いる】 3. to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
7. [prt] [col]
《at sentence end》
▶ [expl] used to make a request



History:
9. A* 2024-08-07 03:59:57  Non
  Comments:
I made somewhat of a revision of my proposal. As this has been drifting for months and nobody seems to want to touch it, I would like to highlight that I was not saying all these senses are needed, I made them in bulk so that an editor could pick them out if needed - the entry could be reduced to only [1], [6] and [7].

At any rate, I think the earlier versions of this unapproved entry should be closed, at least.
  Diff:
@@ -13,2 +13,2 @@
-<s_inf>forms plain conjunction; 1-7 become ~で after godan verbs ending in ぐ, む, ぶ or ぬ</s_inf>
-<gloss>and...</gloss>
+<s_inf>joins two sentences; becomes で after 五段 verbs ending in ぐ, む, ぶ or ぬ</s_inf>
+<gloss>and</gloss>
@@ -20 +20 @@
-<gloss>and then...</gloss>
+<gloss>and (then)</gloss>
@@ -26 +26 @@
-<gloss>and because of that...</gloss>
+<gloss>and (because of that)</gloss>
@@ -31,2 +31,2 @@
-<s_inf>connects sentences in instrumental relation</s_inf>
-<gloss>and through that... (preceding sentence is the means by which following sentence takes place)</gloss>
+<s_inf>connects sentences in instrumental relation; preceding sentence is means by which following sentence takes place</s_inf>
+<gloss>and (through that)...</gloss>
@@ -43 +43 @@
-<gloss g_type="expl">used to connect verbs to auxiliary verbs or to form compound verbs</gloss>
+<gloss g_type="expl">used to connect to auxiliary verbs or to form compound verbs</gloss>
@@ -48 +48 @@
-<s_inf>used at sentence end</s_inf>
+<s_inf>at sentence end</s_inf>
8. A* 2024-04-21 19:39:24  Non
  Comments:
Proposing adding で to readings to go along with the proposal of deleting the sense of the cross-reference leading here.
  Diff:
@@ -5,0 +6,3 @@
+</r_ele>
+<r_ele>
+<reb>で</reb>
7. A* 2024-04-21 04:37:14  Non
  Refs:
daijr, daijs
  Comments:
Changed [aux] to [prt] as it is classed as a 接続助詞. Completely changing glossary as "Indicates continuing action" will likely lead anyone learning of this word through this entry to think of a continuous verb rather than a conjunction.
Senses are based on the references listed, mainly daijr, they are not absolutely exhaustive but these should be the main ones. I opted to make [1] what it is as most other senses can be imposed upon it by context.

If accepted, I would like to suggest deleting the 5th sense of the entry on ~で that leads here: it is same word and the changes to notes in this entry should make it unnecessary.
  Diff:
@@ -8,4 +8,39 @@
-<pos>&aux;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で・5</xref>
-<s_inf>で after certain verb forms</s_inf>
-<gloss>indicates continuing action</gloss>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>forms plain conjunction; 1-7 become ~で after godan verbs ending in ぐ, む, ぶ or ぬ</s_inf>
+<gloss>and...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>connects sentences in order of occurrence</s_inf>
+<gloss>and then...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>connects sentences in causal relation</s_inf>
+<gloss>and because of that...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>connects sentences in instrumental relation</s_inf>
+<gloss>and through that... (preceding sentence is the means by which following sentence takes place)</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<pos>&conj;</pos>
+<s_inf>forms contrastive conjunction</s_inf>
+<gloss>but...</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1577980">いる・3</xref>
+<gloss g_type="expl">used to connect verbs to auxiliary verbs or to form compound verbs</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&prt;</pos>
+<misc>&col;</misc>
+<s_inf>used at sentence end</s_inf>
+<gloss g_type="expl">used to make a request</gloss>
6. A 2011-08-22 00:51:06  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -9,1 +9,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で・5</xref>
5. A 2011-08-22 00:30:20  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I wonder about the "aux". UniDic has "助詞,接続助詞" for this. I guess "aux" covers a multitude of sins.
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +9,2 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="2028980">で</xref>
@@ -10,1 +12,1 @@
-<gloss>used to indicate continuing action</gloss>
+<gloss>indicates continuing action</gloss>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 2654280 Rejected (id: 1074114)

1. [aux]
▶ used to indicate continuing action

History:
2. R 2011-08-19 17:53:57  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
should be part of an entry for て.  merge
1. A* 2011-08-19 17:32:00  Osamu Aoki <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/助詞
http://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/て
  Comments:
used with -masu stem for v5g, v5n, v5b, v5m

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jmdict 2654290 Rejected (id: 1074110)

まい
1. [aux-v]
▶ negative speculation
2. [aux-v]
▶ negative will

History:
2. R 2011-08-19 17:50:03  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
this entry already exists (2210140)
1. A* 2011-08-19 17:47:55  Osamu Aoki <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/助動詞_(%E5
%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)
http://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/まい
  Comments:
No conjugation of this word.  Just -nai form, 終止形, 連体形
The previous verb in v5 uses 終止形 but previous verb or adj-v 
in other conjugation uses 未然形(-nai form)

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jmdict 2654300 Active (id: 1074303)

1. [aux-v]
《after the imperfective form of certain verbs and adjectives》
▶ indicates speculation
2. [aux-v]
▶ indicates will
3. [aux-v]
▶ indicates invitation



History:
4. A 2011-08-22 01:24:26  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
That works.
3. A* 2011-08-22 01:02:14  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
pretty sure 五段 verbs don't have a "ょ form", and i don't read that phrase as the translation given.  more like 
"connects to godan verbs, i-adjectives, na-adjectives, and auxiliary verbs whose imperfective form ends with ろ or ょ".
  Diff:
@@ -9,1 +9,1 @@
-<s_inf>used with ろ and ょ forms of 五段 verbs, e.g. 話そう</s_inf>
+<s_inf>after the imperfective form of certain verbs and adjectives</s_inf>
2. A* 2011-08-20 02:22:12  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Is Osamu's comment correct? The Wiki articles says: "五段活用の動詞と形容詞・形容動詞と未然形の最後が「ろ」「ょ」で終わる助動詞に接続する。"
  Diff:
@@ -9,1 +9,2 @@
-<gloss>used to indicate speculation</gloss>
+<s_inf>used with ろ and ょ forms of 五段 verbs, e.g. 話そう</s_inf>
+<gloss>indicates speculation</gloss>
@@ -13,1 +14,1 @@
-<gloss>used to indicate will</gloss>
+<gloss>indicates will</gloss>
@@ -17,1 +18,1 @@
-<gloss>used to indicate invitation</gloss>
+<gloss>indicates invitation</gloss>
1. A* 2011-08-19 18:01:08  Osamu Aoki <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/助動詞_(%E5
%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95)
  Comments:
connect to non-v5 verbs and v1 type aux-verb
non-conjugating aux-v

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jmdict 2654310 Active (id: 2178566)

よう
1. [aux-v]
《on non-五段 stem, e.g. 食べる→食べよう; indicates intention》
▶ (I) will
▶ (I) shall
2. [aux-v]
《on non-五段 stem; indicates suggestion or invitation》
▶ let's
3. [aux-v]
《on non-五段 stem; indicates speculation》
▶ (I) wonder (if)
▶ might it be (that)
▶ maybe
▶ perhaps
▶ perchance



History:
12. A 2022-02-13 10:49:39  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Did this a couple of days ago, but must have missed the final step.
  Diff:
@@ -6,3 +5,0 @@
-</r_ele>
-<r_ele>
-<reb>よー</reb>
@@ -29,14 +25,0 @@
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&int;</pos>
-<misc>&fam;</misc>
-<gloss>hey</gloss>
-<gloss>yo</gloss>
-<gloss>hi</gloss>
-</sense>
-<sense>
-<pos>&prt;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="2029090">よ</xref>
-<s_inf>empathetic version of よ</s_inf>
-<gloss>come on</gloss>
-<gloss>hey</gloss>
11. A* 2021-12-17 13:32:29  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Saw as よお for sense  4. suggest splitting out 4 and 5 together with よー
10. A 2018-07-09 00:04:56  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
No further comments. Closing.
9. A* 2018-06-13 05:48:46  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Fine, but I suggest trimming back the notes as they rather swamp the entry. The "食べる→食べよう" spells out the context.
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<s_inf>attaches to the verb stem of non-五段 verbs, e.g. 食べる→食べよう; indicates intention</s_inf>
+<s_inf>on non-五段 stem, e.g. 食べる→食べよう; indicates intention</s_inf>
@@ -18 +18 @@
-<s_inf>attaches to the verb stem of non-五段 verbs; indicates suggestion or invitation</s_inf>
+<s_inf>on non-五段 stem; indicates suggestion or invitation</s_inf>
@@ -23 +23 @@
-<s_inf>attaches to the verb stem of non-五段 verbs; indicates speculation</s_inf>
+<s_inf>on non-五段 stem; indicates speculation</s_inf>
8. A* 2018-06-11 08:58:19  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Thanks for the clarification. I was going to argue these senses shouldn't be included because it's a conjugation for only a limited set 
of verb classes (一段 and する/くる?) and we don't have similar entries for -そう, -とう, etc. which should be equally valid... but I 
realized these senses are actually included in daijs' and daijr's よう entries and we do actually have an entry for "た" ("indicates past 
tense") in JMDict as well. 
_
My preference would still be to follow GG5's example to not include these senses and also not have an entry for た, but I guess that'd be 
a topic for the mailing list instead of the comment section of this one entry.
_
In the meanwhile, I've tried improve the 3 senses because I don't think the definitions/notes were very clear. I've moved the previous 
glosses into usage notes and added actual glosses. To what extent the glosses are helpful, I'm not sure, but until the separate issue of 
glossless senses are resolved, maybe this will do. I also moved the previous sense 1 to sense 3 as I think it's the least common aux-v 
usage (if that's indeed the correct PoS).
_
"verb stem" - is this the right term? I forget
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,3 @@
-<s_inf>non-五段 verbs, e.g. 食べよう</s_inf>
-<gloss>indicates speculation</gloss>
+<s_inf>attaches to the verb stem of non-五段 verbs, e.g. 食べる→食べよう; indicates intention</s_inf>
+<gloss>(I) will</gloss>
+<gloss>(I) shall</gloss>
@@ -17 +18,2 @@
-<gloss>indicates will</gloss>
+<s_inf>attaches to the verb stem of non-五段 verbs; indicates suggestion or invitation</s_inf>
+<gloss>let's</gloss>
@@ -21,2 +23,6 @@
-<s_inf>indicates invitation</s_inf>
-<gloss>let's</gloss>
+<s_inf>attaches to the verb stem of non-五段 verbs; indicates speculation</s_inf>
+<gloss>(I) wonder (if)</gloss>
+<gloss>might it be (that)</gloss>
+<gloss>maybe</gloss>
+<gloss>perhaps</gloss>
+<gloss>perchance</gloss>
@@ -35,0 +42 @@
+<gloss>hey</gloss>
(show/hide 7 older log entries)

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jmdict 2654320 Active (id: 1074137)
選する
せんするぜんする
1. [vs-s,vt]
▶ to choose
▶ to take
▶ to select
▶ to pick out

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2011-08-19 22:38:31  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 18:03:49  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij
  Comments:
daijirin keeps apart, daijisen merges

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jmdict 2654330 Active (id: 1074134)
撰する
せんするぜんする
1. [vs-s,vt]
▶ to write (prose, etc.)
2. [vs-s,vt]
▶ to compile (an anthology)

Conjugations


History:
2. A 2011-08-19 22:34:25  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 18:04:53  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj, daij, meikyo
  Comments:
daijisen merges, daijirin keeps apart.  all others have 撰する only

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jmdict 2654340 Rejected (id: 1074135)
獣王記
じゅうおうき
1. [n]
▶ Altered Beast (1989 Sega Arcade game, ported to Mega Drive/Genesis in

History:
2. R 2011-08-19 22:37:11  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Moved to enamdict. Was the entry truncated?
1. A* 2011-08-19 19:15:15  Tom Gifford <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/獣王記
  Comments:
Altered Beast was originally bundled with the SEGA Mega Drive video game console (known as the SEGA Genesis to consumers in the USA) until 1991, when it was replaced by Sonic The Hedgehog in the bundle.

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jmdict 2654350 Active (id: 1074222)
行草
ぎょうそう
1. [n]
▶ running and cursive scripts
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2654220 楷行草【かいぎょうそう】 1. printed, semi-cursive, and cursive scripts



History:
2. A 2011-08-20 15:28:50  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 22:44:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daijr

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jmdict 2654360 Active (id: 1074281)
実葛真葛
さねかずらサネカズラ (nokanji)
1. [n] [uk]
▶ scarlet kadsura (Kadsura japonica)
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 2654230 美男葛【びなんかずら】 1. scarlet kadsura (Kadsura japonica)



History:
2. A 2011-08-21 23:00:20  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-08-19 22:49:02  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, Daijr, Koj

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