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jmdict 1154330 Active (id: 1973689)
暗い [ichi1,news2,nf42] 昏い冥い闇い
くらい [ichi1,news2,nf42]
1. [adj-i]
▶ dark
▶ gloomy
▶ murky
2. [adj-i]
▶ depressed
▶ dispirited
▶ down in the dumps
▶ dark (mood)
3. [adj-i]
▶ dark (in colour)
▶ dull
4. [adj-i]
▶ ill-boding
▶ dark (e.g. past)
▶ suspicious
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1872590 暗い過去【くらいかこ】 1. shadowy past; murky past
5. [adj-i]
▶ unlikely (to succeed)
▶ hopeless
▶ unpromising
6. [adj-i]
《as 〜に暗い》
▶ unfamiliar (with)
▶ ignorant (of)
Cross references:
  ⇒ ant: 1532350 明るい 5. familiar (with); knowledgeable (about); well versed (in)

Conjugations


History:
9. A 2018-02-28 09:35:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8. A* 2018-02-28 04:02:43  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Twitter (40 most recent results):
① xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
② x
③ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
④ xx
⑤
⑥
unclear xxxxxx
  Diff:
@@ -33,2 +33,4 @@
-<gloss>dark (in colour)</gloss>
-<gloss>dull</gloss>
+<gloss>depressed</gloss>
+<gloss>dispirited</gloss>
+<gloss>down in the dumps</gloss>
+<gloss>dark (mood)</gloss>
@@ -38,3 +40,2 @@
-<gloss>depressed</gloss>
-<gloss>dispirited</gloss>
-<gloss>down in the dumps</gloss>
+<gloss>dark (in colour)</gloss>
+<gloss>dull</gloss>
7. A 2018-02-28 03:04:47  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I checked the first 100 of 170 sentences - all sense 1.
6. A* 2018-02-16 04:37:28  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
daijr
revamped sense 4 based on daijr's sense 4:
④  犯罪・不幸・悲惨の存在を感じさせる。 「 - ・い過去」 「 - 
・い世相」
  Diff:
@@ -28,0 +29 @@
+<gloss>murky</gloss>
@@ -38,0 +40 @@
+<gloss>down in the dumps</gloss>
@@ -42,2 +44,3 @@
-<gloss>sorrowful</gloss>
-<gloss>bitter (as in a dark past)</gloss>
+<gloss>ill-boding</gloss>
+<gloss>dark (e.g. past)</gloss>
+<gloss>suspicious</gloss>
@@ -47,3 +50,10 @@
-<gloss>unclear</gloss>
-<gloss>unfamiliar</gloss>
-<gloss>unknown</gloss>
+<gloss>unlikely (to succeed)</gloss>
+<gloss>hopeless</gloss>
+<gloss>unpromising</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&adj-i;</pos>
+<xref type="ant" seq="1532350">明るい・5</xref>
+<s_inf>as 〜に暗い</s_inf>
+<gloss>unfamiliar (with)</gloss>
+<gloss>ignorant (of)</gloss>
5. A 2015-04-28 11:28:22  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I agree.
(show/hide 4 older log entries)

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jmdict 1164340 Active (id: 2216622)
一層 [ichi1,news1,nf03]
いっそう [ichi1,news1,nf03]
1. [adv]
▶ even more
▶ still more
▶ all the more
▶ more than ever
2. [n]
▶ one layer
3. [n]
▶ lowest floor (of a building)
4. [adv] [obs]
▶ rather
▶ sooner
▶ preferably
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 2613280 いっそ 1. rather; sooner; preferably; might as well; just



History:
10. A 2022-12-22 10:50:24  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
9. A* 2022-12-22 01:55:21  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daijs, meikyo
  Comments:
Added sense.
For the last sense, daijs has an example from 1928.
  Diff:
@@ -18,3 +18 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>more</gloss>
-<gloss>much more</gloss>
+<gloss>even more</gloss>
@@ -22 +19,0 @@
-<gloss>even more</gloss>
@@ -28,2 +25,5 @@
-<pos>&adj-no;</pos>
-<gloss>single layer (or storey, etc.)</gloss>
+<gloss>one layer</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>lowest floor (of a building)</gloss>
@@ -34 +34 @@
-<misc>&arch;</misc>
+<misc>&obs;</misc>
8. A 2022-12-20 03:02:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Other JEs hav much the same.
7. A* 2022-12-20 01:06:29 
  Refs:
ウィズダム英和辞典 / ウィズダム和英辞典
  Comments:
added definitions
  Diff:
@@ -18,0 +19 @@
+<gloss>more</gloss>
@@ -20,0 +22 @@
+<gloss>even more</gloss>
6. A 2015-03-28 02:55:29  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 5 older log entries)

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jmdict 1195120 Active (id: 2185111)
苛む嘖む [rK]
さいなむ
1. [v5m,vt]
▶ to torment
▶ to torture
▶ to afflict
▶ to harrow

Conjugations


History:
4. A 2022-05-02 01:24:15  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2022-05-01 15:52:56  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, ルミナス
苛まれ	        70570
嘖まれ	        334
さいなまれ	41587
  Diff:
@@ -8,0 +9 @@
+<ke_inf>&rK;</ke_inf>
@@ -18 +19,2 @@
-<gloss>to harass</gloss>
+<gloss>to afflict</gloss>
+<gloss>to harrow</gloss>
2. A 2011-02-27 14:57:36  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-02-27 14:37:59  Scott
  Refs:
koj daij
  Diff:
@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>嘖む</keb>

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jmdict 1329150 Active (id: 2145522)
酒代
さかだいさかしろ
1. [n]
▶ drink money
▶ alcohol expenses
2. [n]
▶ tip
▶ gratuity



History:
4. A 2021-08-31 22:25:49  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3. A* 2021-08-31 16:26:52  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, daij, koj
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +10,3 @@
+<r_ele>
+<reb>さかしろ</reb>
+</r_ele>
@@ -11,0 +15 @@
+<gloss>drink money</gloss>
@@ -16,2 +19,0 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1360960">心付け</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="1077740">チップ・1</xref>
@@ -18,0 +21 @@
+<gloss>gratuity</gloss>
2. A 2011-02-27 06:25:30  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Tighten the xref.
  Diff:
@@ -17,1 +17,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1077740">チップ</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1077740">チップ・1</xref>
1. A* 2011-02-27 05:37:14  Scott
  Refs:
gg5
  Diff:
@@ -14,0 +14,6 @@
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<xref type="see" seq="1360960">心付け</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1077740">チップ</xref>
+<gloss>tip</gloss>
+</sense>

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jmdict 1378470 Active (id: 2304894)
生い立ち [ichi1,news1,nf22] 生立ち [sK] 生いたち [sK]
おいたち [ichi1,news1,nf22]
1. [n]
▶ growth
▶ development
2. [n]
▶ one's early life
▶ upbringing
▶ personal history



History:
4. A 2024-06-17 17:10:35  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーー─┬─────────┬───────╮
│ 生い立ち │ 574,092 │ 97.0% │
│ 生立ち  │   7,581 │  1.3% │ - sK
│ 生いたち │   9,892 │  1.7% │ - sK
│ おいたち │  33,392 │  N/A  │
╰─ーーーー─┴─────────┴───────╯
  Diff:
@@ -11,0 +12 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
@@ -14,0 +16 @@
+<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf>
3. A 2011-02-27 03:22:17  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>生立ち</keb>
2. A* 2011-02-26 22:21:10  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 新和英中辞典
  Diff:
@@ -9,0 +9,3 @@
+</k_ele>
+<k_ele>
+<keb>生いたち</keb>
@@ -18,0 +21,6 @@
+<gloss>growth</gloss>
+<gloss>development</gloss>
+</sense>
+<sense>
+<pos>&n;</pos>
+<gloss>one's early life</gloss>
1. A* 2011-02-26 19:11:06  Francis
  Refs:
See below.
  Comments:
My reason for raising a query on this entry is as follows:-

In text, I saw "生いたち" so I searched for that on your site and I got the message to make a submission or search all dictionaries. When I did this, I got the following:-

生いたち 【おいたち】 (?) ???; RH

However, as far as I can tell, this is the same as the main entry above. 

I am therefore wondering, if that is correct, whether the reading "生いたち" should be included in the main entry above. If that is not correct, then maybe the RH could be completed with an appropriate meaning and promoted because it gets over 40k hits on Google. However, in context, the main meaning above would suit the text I was reading with "生いたち".

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jmdict 1560670 Active (id: 1058958)
廊下 [ichi1,news1,nf10]
ろうか [ichi1,news1,nf10]
1. [n]
▶ corridor
▶ hallway
▶ passageway
Cross references:
  ⇐ see: 1043100 ギャラリー 1. gallery; corridor



History:
2. A 2011-02-27 17:23:10  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5, etc.
  Diff:
@@ -20,0 +20,1 @@
+<gloss>passageway</gloss>
1. A* 2011-02-27 16:06:50  Hendrik
  Refs:
In NA we typically call the corridor "hallway". :-)
  Diff:
@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@
+<gloss>hallway</gloss>

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jmdict 1630630 Active (id: 1058934)
決め [news1,nf18] 極め
きめ [news1,nf18]
1. [n,n-suf]
▶ agreement
▶ rule



History:
5. A 2011-02-27 03:19:10  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
4. A* 2011-02-26 23:22:16  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Now split.
  Diff:
@@ -23,9 +23,0 @@
-<sense>
-<pos>&n;</pos>
-<pos>&n-suf;</pos>
-<xref type="see" seq="1255570">月極め</xref>
-<xref type="see" seq="2253010">日極め</xref>
-<s_inf>often ぎめ</s_inf>
-<gloss>contracted regular payment, e.g. monthly, weekly, etc.</gloss>
-<gloss>by the (month, week, etc.)</gloss>
-</sense>
3. A* 2011-02-26 01:30:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I think a spit is OK.
2. A* 2011-02-25 20:06:32  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
only prog and gg5 have ぎめ.  we could just split entirely
きめ=n
ぎめ=suf
1. A* 2011-02-25 20:00:15 
  Comments:
It might be a good idea to add a new entry for ぎめ which points readers here.

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jmdict 1894930 Deleted (id: 1058949)
罪な事
つみなこと
1. [n]
▶ trick
▶ sinful act
▶ cruel thing



History:
2. D 2011-02-27 06:27:33  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
I guess not.
1. D* 2011-02-24 15:57:24  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
seems rather obvious.  necessary?

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jmdict 2613050 Rejected (id: 1058933)

したこと
1. [exp]
▶ what someone did

History:
7. R 2011-02-27 03:18:52  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6. A* 2011-02-27 03:17:04  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
i agree that this shouldn't be included in a list of wwwjdic 'specials'.
5. A* 2011-02-27 02:08:37  Francis
  Refs:
See below.
  Comments:
Many thanks for that explanation.

Naturally, as you know, I am keen that you should include as much as possible. However, I respect your judgment about limitations and the mode of presenting your site.

As always, I derive much benefit from the exchanges even if I sometimes fail in my endeavours to get an inclusion.
4. A* 2011-02-27 01:52:28  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
>> Am I in the wrong mode of thinking?
Yes. I was referring to the WWWJDIC version of the dictionary, which has some other material added, e.g.
- the main dictionary has "しません (etc.) See: 為る" pseudo-entries added.
- the glossing dictionary has a heap on inflected forms added to improve the matching
I could in theory include したこと among those specials (I don't think I should.)
3. A* 2011-02-27 00:42:08  Francis
  Refs:
See below.
  Comments:
With reference to your comment, I wonder about the "WWWJDIC" because when I searched for information on that, I got the following note:-

[Q] I have hunted for the source of WWWJDIC and can't find it. Where is it?
[A] Locked up on the servers. I haven't released it, and at this stage have no intention of doing so. It is continually being modified, and I want to keep it under my control (after all, it is my ego trip.) I don't want any clones of WWWJDIC running around at this stage. Also it is a vast slab on C program code; mostly undocumented. To release it would require a significant amount of installation, etc. documentation to be written. And I'd still be plagued with "I couldn't make it do XXXX" emails. 


Am I in the wrong mode of thinking?
(show/hide 2 older log entries)

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jmdict 2613120 Active (id: 2096700)
実際にあった実際に有った
じっさいにあった
1. [exp,adj-f]
▶ real
▶ actual
▶ true
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1321110 実際 1. reality; actuality; truth; fact; actual conditions



History:
13. A 2021-03-11 15:33:11  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
gg5
  Comments:
Not sure the x-ref is needed.
  Diff:
@@ -16 +16 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1321110">実際・じっさい・1</xref>
+<xref type="see" seq="1321110">実際・1</xref>
@@ -19,2 +19 @@
-<gloss>de facto</gloss>
-<gloss>in fact</gloss>
+<gloss>true</gloss>
12. A 2021-03-11 04:43:35  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
実際にあった	96963
実際に有った	1016
  Comments:
The recent edit to 実際 makes this clearer.
  Diff:
@@ -5 +5 @@
-<keb>実際にある</keb>
+<keb>実際にあった</keb>
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<keb>実際に有る</keb>
+<keb>実際に有った</keb>
@@ -11 +11 @@
-<reb>じっさいにある</reb>
+<reb>じっさいにあった</reb>
@@ -15,0 +16 @@
+<xref type="see" seq="1321110">実際・じっさい・1</xref>
11. A* 2021-03-03 11:53:47  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
Then I think we should revert to the 実際にあった form. These glosses only work for prenominal usage.
10. A 2021-03-03 00:57:48  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
実際にあった	96963
Tanaka: それは実際にあった事だ。 That is an actual fact. 
Plenty of GG5 examples, e.g. この小説は実際にあった誘拐事件がモデルになっている. This novel is based on a real-life kidnapping case.
  Comments:
I think it's one of those expressions that's easy to decode, but it's handy to check for its validity when wanting to use it. I think it's worth keeping.
9. A* 2021-03-02 16:36:06  Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
実際にある	62365	  
実際にあるの	8980	  
実際にあるん	5634	  
実際にあるか	4219	  
実際にあるんです	3269	  
実際にあると	3027	  
実際にあるのか	2383
Tanaka sentence: アーノルドは物を実際にあるがままに見よと教える。 Arnold teaches us to see the object as it really is.
  Comments:
I don't think we need this entry. It isn't always prenominal. 
It could be glossed as "to actually exist" but I feel it's kind of obvious.
(show/hide 8 older log entries)

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jmdict 2613390 Active (id: 1058929)
蘇張の弁
そちょうのべん
1. [n]
▶ skilful debate
▶ well-constructed debate



History:
3. A 2011-02-27 03:09:14  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2. A* 2011-02-26 22:44:18  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Daij.
  Comments:
Daijirin's explanation is xxxこと.
  Diff:
@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@
-<gloss>good debater</gloss>
+<gloss>skilful debate</gloss>
+<gloss>well-constructed debate</gloss>
1. A* 2011-02-26 19:21:59  Scott
  Refs:
koj daij

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jmdict 2613400 Active (id: 1058937)
弁説
べんぜつ
1. [n]
▶ dialectic demonstration
▶ display of skill in explanation



History:
2. A 2011-02-27 03:20:34  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-02-26 22:42:10  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, Daijirin

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jmdict 2613410 Active (id: 1058935)
極め決め
ぎめ
1. [n,n-suf] [uk]
▶ contracted regular payment, e.g. monthly, weekly, etc.
▶ by the (month, week, etc.)
Cross references:
  ⇒ see: 1255570 月極め 1. monthly contract; paying by the month
  ⇒ see: 2253010 日極め 1. by the day; daily



History:
2. A 2011-02-27 03:19:20  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-02-26 23:20:58  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, Sanseido Grand Concise
  Comments:
GG5's examples are in kana, as are all the Tanaka examples.

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jmdict 2613420 Rejected (id: 1058930)
その下で
そのしたで
1. [conj]
▶ thereunder

History:
2. R 2011-02-27 03:15:38  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Comments:
the difference is that その上 is idiomatic, whereas その下 has exactly the meaning expected from the sum of its parts (e.g., eijiro has this as "whereunder", which is just an archaism for "under which")
1. A* 2011-02-27 01:24:30  Francis
  Refs:
See below.
  Comments:
A large number of Google hits, plus main entries like the following:-

その上(P); 其の上 【そのうえ】 (conj) (1) in addition; furthermore; (2) above (which); on top of (which); (P)

There seems justification for inclusion in the main dictionary. Maybe also for alternatives like "その下に" and "その下で" with the main part as the principal entry, i.e., "その下".

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jmdict 2613430 Active (id: 2001751)
梅花祭
ばいかさい
1. [n]
▶ Plum Blossom Festival (Kitano Shrine, February 25)



History:
3. A 2019-03-25 10:21:04  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
  Diff:
@@ -12 +12 @@
-<gloss>Plum Blossom Festival (Kitano Shrine, Feb. 25)</gloss>
+<gloss>Plum Blossom Festival (Kitano Shrine, February 25)</gloss>
2. A 2011-02-27 03:36:15  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
daij, nikk, yahoo enc
  Comments:
i'm not sure the x-ref is appropriate, as this is a specific event, whereas a cherry blossom festival is not
  Diff:
@@ -12,2 +12,1 @@
-<xref type="see" seq="1919310">桜祭</xref>
-<gloss>plum blossom festival</gloss>
+<gloss>Plum Blossom Festival (Kitano Shrine, Feb. 25)</gloss>
1. A* 2011-02-27 03:26:29  Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>

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jmdict 2613440 Deleted (id: 2286009)
椀形アンテナ
わんがたアンテナ
1. [n]
▶ dish antenna
▶ parabolic antenna



History:
5. D 2023-12-19 05:12:07  Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
4. D* 2023-12-19 01:14:07  Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
Web results are all JMdict-spawn.

〈椀/わん/ワン〉〈型/形/容/よう/ヨウ/ガタ/がた〉のアンテナ

Kyoto/Melbourne N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーー─┬───╮
│ わん型のアンテナ  │ 6 │
│  椀型のアンテナ  │ 5 │
│ わん形のアンテナ  │ 1 │
├─ーーーーーーーーー─┼───┤
│ わん型アンテナ   │ 1 │
│  椀型アンテナ   │ 1 │
│  椀形アンテナ   │ 1 │
╰─ーーーーーーーーー─┴───╯

Google N-gram Corpus Counts
╭─ーーーーーーーーー─┬────────╮
│ パラボラアンテナ  │ 35,358 │ - Seems to be the usual term for this
│ ディッシュアンテナ │     92 │
│ 椀型のアンテナ   │     46 │
│ 椀型アンテナ    │      0 │ - This entry
╰─ーーーーーーーーー─┴────────╯
3. A* 2023-12-19 00:47:19  Lorenzi
  Comments:
The reading seems strange in this entry. 形 as よう is not attested anywhere else in the dictionary. It seems like 椀形 should be read as わんがた or わんなり.
  Diff:
@@ -8 +8 @@
-<reb>わんようアンテナ</reb>
+<reb>わんがたアンテナ</reb>
2. A 2011-02-27 06:23:51  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-02-27 05:29:38  Scott
  Refs:
gg5

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jmdict 2613450 Active (id: 1058948)
中蓋
なかぶた
1. [n]
▶ inner lid
2. [n]
▶ medium sized lid



History:
2. A 2011-02-27 06:26:34  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
GG5, 新和英中辞典, etc. too
1. A* 2011-02-27 05:31:25  Scott
  Refs:
koj daij

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jmdict 2613460 Active (id: 1058956)
創発
そうはつ
1. [n]
▶ emergence (in evolutionary theory, systems theory, etc.)



History:
2. A 2011-02-27 15:01:35  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj
  Diff:
@@ -12,1 +12,1 @@
-<gloss>emergence</gloss>
+<gloss>emergence (in evolutionary theory, systems theory, etc.)</gloss>
1. A* 2011-02-27 09:27:42  David G. Ramsey
  Refs:
https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ja/wiki/創発

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jmdict 2613470 Rejected (id: 1058953)
ここを何処だとおもっている
1. [n]
▶ ???

History:
2. R 2011-02-27 14:56:50  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-02-27 12:31:35 

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jmdict 2613480 Active (id: 1058959)
システム論
システムろん
1. [n]
▶ systems theory



History:
2. A 2011-02-27 20:32:32  Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1. A* 2011-02-27 15:00:56  Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
  Refs:
koj

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