JMdictDB - Entries

jmdict 1161730 Active (id: 2218319)
一気に [ichi1]
【いっきに [ichi1] 】

1.	[adv] ▶ in one go ▶ in one gulp ▶ in one breath ▶ without stopping ▶ without pausing ▶ without a rest ▶ in one sitting ▶ at a stretch
2.	[adv] ▶ suddenly ▶ all of a sudden ▶ all at once

History:

7.	A 2023-01-07 19:40:04 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Looks good.
6.	A* 2023-01-07 16:35:49 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr (sense 2): 変化のようすが急激なさま。勢いよく急に。「ミスを犯して―評価を下げた」 meikyo (sense 2): 局面などが急激に動くさま。一挙に。「━不満が爆発する」
	Comments:	Newer editions of daijr has the above sense. I note that GG5 is the only JE with "〔直ちに〕 immediately; straightaway". Daijr and daijs mark this sense as archaic. The smaller kokugos don't have it. I suggest replacing "immediately" and "straightaway" with glosses that correspond to daijr and meikyo's second sense. I don't think "abruptly; rapidly; quickly" are quite right.
	Diff:	@@ -19 +19 @@ -<gloss>without resting</gloss> +<gloss>without a rest</gloss> @@ -22 +21,0 @@ -<gloss>all at once</gloss> @@ -26,5 +24,0 @@ -<gloss>immediately</gloss> -<gloss>instantly</gloss> -<gloss>right away</gloss> -<gloss>straight away</gloss> -<gloss>straightaway</gloss> @@ -32,3 +26,2 @@ -<gloss>abruptly</gloss> -<gloss>rapidly</gloss> -<gloss>quickly</gloss> +<gloss>all of a sudden</gloss> +<gloss>all at once</gloss>
5.	A 2023-01-04 00:02:09 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	My copy of Daijirin and other references only have two senses. When proposing a new sense it's best not to insert them between existing ones unless there's a strong case for reordering.
	Diff:	@@ -26,7 +25,0 @@ -<gloss>suddenly</gloss> -<gloss>abruptly</gloss> -<gloss>rapidly</gloss> -<gloss>quickly</gloss> -</sense> -<sense> -<pos>&adv;</pos> @@ -37,0 +31,4 @@ +<gloss>suddenly</gloss> +<gloss>abruptly</gloss> +<gloss>rapidly</gloss> +<gloss>quickly</gloss>
4.	A* 2023-01-03 07:15:13 Kyle Ong <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	スーパー大辞林
	Comments:	added sense
	Diff:	@@ -22,0 +23,7 @@ +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<gloss>suddenly</gloss> +<gloss>abruptly</gloss> +<gloss>rapidly</gloss> +<gloss>quickly</gloss>
3.	A 2011-11-01 09:34:21 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2011-10-31 01:54:26 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5, prog, nc
	Comments:	replacing "e.g." with glosses
	Diff:	@@ -14,1 +14,3 @@ -<gloss>in one go (e.g. draining an entire glass in one gulp, eating an entire object)</gloss> +<gloss>in one go</gloss> +<gloss>in one gulp</gloss> +<gloss>in one breath</gloss> @@ -16,1 +18,3 @@ -<gloss>at once</gloss> +<gloss>without pausing</gloss> +<gloss>without resting</gloss> +<gloss>in one sitting</gloss> @@ -18,1 +22,9 @@ -<gloss>at a breath (stroke, sitting) (e.g. working for a long period, as in "10 hours at a stretch")</gloss> +<gloss>all at once</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<gloss>immediately</gloss> +<gloss>instantly</gloss> +<gloss>right away</gloss> +<gloss>straight away</gloss> +<gloss>straightaway</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 08:56:49 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Elab glosses, many egs
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,2 @@ +<gloss>in one go (e.g. draining an entire glass in one gulp, eating an entire object)</gloss> +<gloss>without stopping</gloss> @@ -15,1 +17,2 @@ -<gloss>at a breath (stroke, sitting)</gloss> +<gloss>at a stretch</gloss> +<gloss>at a breath (stroke, sitting) (e.g. working for a long period, as in "10 hours at a stretch")</gloss>

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jmdict 1216410 Active (id: 1078574)
丸ごと [news1,nf22] ；丸事 [iK] ；丸毎 [iK]
【まるごと [news1,nf22] 】

1.

[adv] [uk]
▶ in its entirety
▶ whole
▶ wholly

History:

6.	A 2011-10-26 02:33:05 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
5.	A* 2011-10-25 23:35:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Google hits - 2.5:1.
	Diff:	@@ -24,0 +24,1 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
4.	A 2010-10-05 21:48:54 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2010-10-04 22:56:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	neither is 丸事 for that matter says 日本国語大辞典: まる‐ごと【丸─】〔副〕（「ごと」は接尾語）... all dics have the ごと suffix as kana only, except for daijirin and us, who have it as 共
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +11,1 @@ +<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
2.	A* 2010-10-04 21:31:15 Scott
	Comments:	iK since it's not in any dictionary.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +14,1 @@ +<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A 2010-06-15 22:30:37 Paul
	Comments:	Not 丸毎 ?
	Diff:	@@ -11,0 +11,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>丸毎</keb>

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jmdict 1266860 Active (id: 2226521)
孤立 [ichi1,news1,nf07]
【こりつ [ichi1,news1,nf07] 】

1.

[n,vs,vi]
▶ isolation
▶ being alone
▶ being friendless

Conjugations

History:

4.	A 2023-03-26 20:25:58 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2023-03-26 05:26:12 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	[vi]: shinmeikai, sankoku, obunsha, iwakoku Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーー─┬─────────╮ │ 孤立　　 │ 789,113 │ │ 孤立し　 │ 266,982 │ │ 孤立する │ 68,854 │ ╰─ーーーー─┴─────────╯
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
2.	A 2011-10-26 02:19:18 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, etc.
	Comments:	GG5 has "helplessness", but I agree it's not a great gloss.
	Diff:	@@ -21,0 +21,1 @@ +<gloss>being friendless</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 17:14:46 Paul Upchurch
	Refs:	daijr daijs ルミナス http://dic.yahoo.co.jp/dsearch?enc=UTF-8&p=孤立&dtype=3&dname=2na&stype=0&pagenum=1&index=01573600
	Diff:	@@ -20,1 +20,1 @@ -<gloss>helplessness</gloss> +<gloss>being alone</gloss>

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jmdict 1294170 Active (id: 1917622)
最早 [ichi1]
【もはや [ichi1] 】

1.	[adv] [uk] ▶ already ▶ now
2.	[adv] [uk] 《with negative verb》 ▶ no longer ▶ not any more

History:

7.	A 2015-06-21 17:04:58 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2015-06-21 01:10:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	JEs all use kana in examples. MK n-grams: 最早 12370 もはや 158694
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +14 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc> @@ -18,0 +20 @@ +<misc>&uk;</misc>
5.	A 2011-10-26 02:39:37 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	implies that it is only used with ない (as in ある->ない) which is not the case. merely moving existing "note" to a proper note
	Diff:	@@ -19,2 +19,2 @@ -<s_inf>In form もはや〜ない</s_inf> -<gloss>(with negative verb) no longer</gloss> +<s_inf>with negative verb</s_inf> +<gloss>no longer</gloss>
4.	A* 2011-10-25 08:24:30 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Add note "もはや〜ない" to be v. clear.
	Diff:	@@ -19,0 +19,1 @@ +<s_inf>In form もはや〜ない</s_inf>
3.	A 2011-05-15 05:10:25 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 2 older log entries)
2.	A* 2011-05-14 23:48:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I think this works better.
	Diff:	@@ -16,1 +16,5 @@ -<gloss>any more</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&adv;</pos> +<gloss>(with negative verb) no longer</gloss> +<gloss>not any more</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-05-14 23:45:11
	Refs:	GG2
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,1 @@ +<gloss>any more</gloss>

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jmdict 1437560 Active (id: 2210678)
溺れる [ichi1]
【おぼれる [ichi1] 】

1.

[v1,vi]
▶ to struggle in the water
▶ to sink below the surface and become unable to breathe
▶ to (nearly) drown

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 2012460 溺れ死ぬ 1. to die by drowning; to drown

2.

[v1,vi]
▶ to indulge in
▶ to lose one's head over something
▶ to be addicted
▶ to wallow in

Conjugations

History:

17.	A 2022-10-02 10:26:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	溺れて死ぬ 1401 溺れ死ぬ 4861
	Comments:	Sitting here for quite a while. Maybe an xref is enough.
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<s_inf>usu. as 溺れて死ぬ etc. when referring to death through drowning</s_inf> +<xref type="see" seq="2012460">溺れ死ぬ</xref>
16.	A* 2022-09-04 23:31:33 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Given that we have 溺れ死ぬ as an entry, I don't think the note is needed. With these glosses, the meaning is unambiguous.
15.	A 2022-09-03 21:06:45 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	We keep chewing on this one.
14.	A* 2022-09-03 15:04:24 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20220827/k10013790261000.html 海転落の孫助けようとした祖父溺れ死亡
	Comments:	discussed in the FB translator's group recently (Aug 21). this note is maybe a little crude and might need some work but something like it might be helpful?
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<s_inf>usu. as 溺れて死ぬ etc. when referring to death through drowning</s_inf>
13.	A 2020-07-24 07:31:27 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK
(show/hide 12 older log entries)
12.	A* 2020-07-24 06:59:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/d9369f4a45806d591205c7905f7525d3ab1a9a14 image caption: "子どもは溺れる時、騒ぐわけではありません" ↑ borrowing the "sink below surface" from GG5 based on this.
	Comments:	"he's drowning!" doesn't refer to an inescapable death the same way "he's dying" doesn't - continuous tense indicates an ongoing/incomplete process. I think "to (nearly) drown" works better than having "to nearly drown" and "to drown" separately because that way, we don't on the one hand rule out that it could mean "dying" (per the dictionaries), but it also clarifies that in general, it refers to something that can end either way, and normally it will be specified if it really refers to death. (e.g. as in 溺れて亡くなる). I feel that with "to drown" tacked on without qualifications, even at the end of the entry, learners might assume we've just formatted the entry poorly and then walk away with "OK, it means to drown, got it" Really the most accurate gloss is probably "to come into a state of drowning".
	Diff:	@@ -16,2 +16,2 @@ -<gloss>to nearly drown</gloss> -<gloss>to drown</gloss> +<gloss>to sink below the surface and become unable to breathe</gloss> +<gloss>to (nearly) drown</gloss>
11.	A 2020-07-24 05:38:33 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	OK with me.
10.	A* 2020-07-23 17:27:03 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo: 泳げなくて水の中でもがき苦しむ。また、死んでしまう。 shinmeikai 泳げずに死ぬ（死にそうになる）。 gg5 1 〔水中で〕 (死にそうになる) nearly drown; sink below the surface (of water); (死ぬ) die by drowning; drown.
	Comments:	"to drown" seems fine to me. "he is drowning" does not imply an inescapable death, and "he is nearly drowning" just sounds weird; whereas, "he drowned" definitely suggests that he died (though he might have been revived), whereas "he nearly drowned" suggests that he didn't so to me: in present, 溺れる-->"to drown" seems more sensible; whereas in past, it could go either way, but generally 溺れる-->"to nearly drown" seems to be what is meant more often?
	Diff:	@@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<gloss>to be drowning</gloss> @@ -16,0 +16,2 @@ +<gloss>to nearly drown</gloss> +<gloss>to drown</gloss>
9.	A* 2020-07-23 14:22:32 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	But it doesn't mean "to be drowning" - that's 溺れている. I think "to (nearly) drown" is better.
8.	A* 2020-07-23 11:16:43 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	I've just gone through about 50 examples of the drowning sense of 溺れる, and none have it meaning ending in death. In the cases where it ended in death, 溺れ死ぬ was used. If I had to summarize the meaning from them, it would be "to be downing/to be in the process of drowning." Nowhere did it seem to mean "almost". So it seems that really those JEs and even Daijirin with its "また、死ぬ" are wrong or at best misleading. I've suggested some slightly changed glosses, but I think basically we're on the same page.
	Diff:	@@ -15,2 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>to (nearly) drown</gloss> -<gloss>to struggle underwater</gloss> +<gloss>to be drowning</gloss> +<gloss>to struggle in the water</gloss> @@ -22,0 +23 @@ +<gloss>to be addicted</gloss>
7.	A* 2020-07-23 08:27:45 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	My informer disagreed it actually means dying even when I read that bit to her, so I don't want to give that "また..." too much weight. I feel they're maybe referring to it when it appears in "溺れて死ぬ" anyway.
6.	A* 2020-07-23 05:20:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr: 泳げないために、水中で死にそうになる。また、死ぬ。 GG5: 〔水中で〕 (死にそうになる) nearly drown; sink below the surface (of water); (死ぬ) die by drowning; drown. ルミナス: 3人の男が川で*おぼれた Three men (were) drowned in the river.
	Comments:	Looks like it means both nearly die and actually die. Two senses?
5.	A* 2020-07-22 17:18:33
	Comments:	oboreru (辞書形) means "to be (in the process of) drowning" though
4.	A* 2020-07-22 14:17:30 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijs, native informer
	Comments:	"to drown" means to "die", 溺れる doesn't. but in 溺れて死ぬ it doesn't mean "to nearly drown and die". so I think "to (nearly) drown" is a good conpromise
	Diff:	@@ -15,3 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>to drown</gloss> -<gloss>to nearly drown</gloss> -<gloss>to sink below the surface (of water)</gloss> +<gloss>to (nearly) drown</gloss> +<gloss>to struggle underwater</gloss>
3.	A 2019-06-11 05:41:05 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 溺れる 188998 おぼれる 36024 溺れる者 8322 おぼれる者 1641
	Comments:	not even close
	Diff:	@@ -15 +14,0 @@ -<misc>&uk;</misc>
2.	A 2011-10-26 02:50:15 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	putting like glosses together
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,1 @@ +<gloss>to drown</gloss> @@ -17,1 +18,0 @@ -<gloss>to drown</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 08:29:38 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, 大辞林, 広辞苑
	Comments:	Add sense “actually drown”, alt gloss of “wallow in”
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +17,1 @@ +<gloss>to drown</gloss> @@ -24,0 +25,1 @@ +<gloss>to wallow in</gloss>

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jmdict 1442240 Active (id: 2156072)
伝達 [ichi1,news1,nf13]
【でんたつ [ichi1,news1,nf13] 】

1.

[n,vs,vt]
▶ transmission (e.g. news, chemical signals, electricity)
▶ communication
▶ delivery
▶ conveyance
▶ transfer
▶ relay
▶ propagation
▶ conduction

Conjugations

History:

3.	A 2021-11-06 04:08:46 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo
	Diff:	@@ -18,0 +19 @@ +<pos>&vt;</pos>
2.	A 2011-10-26 02:32:21 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -19,1 +19,1 @@ -<gloss>transmission (e.g. news, chemical signals)</gloss> +<gloss>transmission (e.g. news, chemical signals, electricity)</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 08:58:46 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	add eg of chemical signals
	Diff:	@@ -19,1 +19,1 @@ -<gloss>transmission (e.g. news)</gloss> +<gloss>transmission (e.g. news, chemical signals)</gloss>

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jmdict 1456670 Active (id: 1951924)
突き止める [news2,nf28] ；突きとめる；突止める；突き留める
【つきとめる [news2,nf28] 】

1.

[v1,vt]
▶ to determine (esp. a culprit or underlying cause)
▶ to pin down
▶ to ascertain
▶ to locate
▶ to identify

2.

[v1,vt] [arch]
▶ to stab to death

Cross references:
	⇒ see: 1456630 突き殺す 1. to stab to death

Conjugations

History:

9.	A 2017-05-23 23:21:55 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
8.	A* 2017-05-23 19:20:15 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr/s
	Comments:	Trimming. Added sense.
	Diff:	@@ -28 +28 @@ -<gloss>to make sure</gloss> +<gloss>to ascertain</gloss> @@ -31,2 +31,7 @@ -<gloss>to find out</gloss> -<gloss>to ascertain</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&v1;</pos> +<pos>&vt;</pos> +<xref type="see" seq="1456630">突き殺す</xref> +<misc>&arch;</misc> +<gloss>to stab to death</gloss>
7.	A 2017-02-01 22:27:07 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
6.	A* 2017-02-01 15:46:23 Johan Råde <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	G n-grams: 突き止める 72733 突きとめる 4944 突止める 107 突き留める 118 つきとめる 18403
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>突きとめる</keb>
5.	A 2011-10-27 00:10:14 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 4 older log entries)
4.	A* 2011-10-25 08:22:55 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Gloss to elab more – often used in criminal contexts (example I read, GG5).
	Diff:	@@ -23,1 +23,1 @@ -<gloss>to determine</gloss> +<gloss>to determine (esp. a culprit or underlying cause)</gloss>
3.	A* 2011-10-25 08:21:15 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Alt glosses; read in context of “determine/identify a culprit”
	Diff:	@@ -23,0 +23,2 @@ +<gloss>to determine</gloss> +<gloss>to pin down</gloss> @@ -25,0 +27,1 @@ +<gloss>to identify</gloss>
2.	A 2010-08-30 07:42:15 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daijr, daijs for the okurigana web hits for the kanji
	Comments:	i wouldn't say it's iK. we have 止める and 留める merged together without restrictions, after all
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,3 @@ +<keb>突止める</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -11,1 +14,0 @@ -<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>
1.	A* 2010-08-29 01:37:10 Scott
	Diff:	@@ -8,0 +8,4 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>突き留める</keb> +<ke_inf>&iK;</ke_inf>

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jmdict 1494250 Active (id: 1078563)
不動心
【ふどうしん】

1.	[n] ▶ imperturbability ▶ steadfastness
2.	[n] {martial arts} ▶ cool head in an emergency ▶ keeping one's calm (e.g. during a fight)

History:

2.	A 2011-10-26 02:17:10 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 11:27:18 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Add Martial Arts-specific meaning
	Diff:	@@ -13,0 +13,7 @@ +<gloss>steadfastness</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<field>&MA;</field> +<gloss>cool head in an emergency</gloss> +<gloss>keeping one's calm (e.g. during a fight)</gloss>

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jmdict 1584460 Active (id: 2098923)
万 [ichi1] ；萬 [oK]
【まん [ichi1] ；よろず】

1.	[num] 《萬 is sometimes used in legal documents》 ▶ 10,000 ▶ ten thousand
2.	[n,adj-no] ▶ myriad
3.	(よろず only) [n,adv] ▶ everything ▶ all
4.	(よろず only) [n,adj-no] [arch] ▶ various

History:

6.	A 2021-03-31 04:45:51 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Bulk update n-adv to n,adv -- via bulkupd.py --
	Diff:	@@ -32 +32,2 @@ -<pos>&n-adv;</pos> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adv;</pos>
5.	A 2011-10-26 02:16:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	that's fine with me
	Diff:	@@ -21,1 +21,1 @@ -<s_inf>萬 is used in legal documents</s_inf> +<s_inf>萬 is sometimes used in legal documents</s_inf>
4.	A* 2011-10-25 04:39:50 Clément DAUMAIL
	Comments:	Thank you for your reference. So I think we should rather say: "萬 is sometime used in legal documents". (Actually it is very rare in the practice. A good example is the 10,000 yens note)
3.	A 2011-09-29 06:24:24 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	meikyo: 証書などで金額を記す場合は、間違いを防ぐために「▼萬」とも書く。
	Diff:	@@ -10,0 +10,1 @@ +<ke_inf>&oK;</ke_inf> @@ -27,1 +28,1 @@ -<gloss>myriads</gloss> +<gloss>myriad</gloss> @@ -39,0 +40,1 @@ +<misc>&arch;</misc>
2.	A* 2011-09-29 04:18:35 Clément DAUMAIL
	Comments:	Just a comment: 萬 has no more legal value. It is not a joyo kanji (contrary to 壱 or 弐). Source:http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/大字_(数字) There is this statement: 萬は非公式には使われることもある。
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2011-09-29 02:55:46 Paul Upchurch
	Refs:	daijr daijs
	Comments:	Gave my best guess on part-of-speech from the examples.
	Diff:	@@ -26,0 +26,1 @@ +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> @@ -34,0 +35,6 @@ +<sense> +<stagr>よろず</stagr> +<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>&adj-no;</pos> +<gloss>various</gloss> +</sense>

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jmdict 1766410 Active (id: 2094815)
先物取引；先物取り引き
【さきものとりひき】

1.

[n] {finance}
▶ futures trading

History:

3.	A 2021-02-28 18:00:43 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Diff:	@@ -15,2 +15,2 @@ -<gloss>futures transaction</gloss> -<gloss>forward trading</gloss> +<field>&finc;</field> +<gloss>futures trading</gloss>
2.	A 2011-10-26 02:31:15 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 23:32:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Less common okurigana version.
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>先物取り引き</keb>

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jmdict 1892350 Active (id: 2171017)
第三種郵便物；第３種郵便物
【だいさんしゅゆうびんぶつ】

1.

[n]
▶ third-class mail

History:

4.	A 2021-12-24 08:36:39 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2021-12-22 11:14:21 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	(alternatively, 第一 and 第二 should be changed)
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>第３種郵便物</keb> +<keb>第三種郵便物</keb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<keb>第三種郵便物</keb> +<keb>第３種郵便物</keb> @@ -15,2 +15 @@ -<gloss>third-class mail matter</gloss> -<gloss>(item sent by) third-class mail</gloss> +<gloss>third-class mail</gloss>
2.	A 2011-10-25 22:26:05 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 06:47:40 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Wording, spelling (more often ローマ字 number)
	Diff:	@@ -4,0 +4,3 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>第３種郵便物</keb> +</k_ele> @@ -13,0 +16,1 @@ +<gloss>(item sent by) third-class mail</gloss>

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jmdict 1985440 Active (id: 1078577)
問い直す；問いなおす
【といなおす】

1.

[v5s]
▶ to question again
▶ to repeat a question (esp. a problematic point, or to verify understanding)
▶ to repeat a query

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2011-10-26 02:34:23 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 08:36:08 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5
	Comments:	Clarify repeat a question, esp. used for troubling points. (Used in same information age essay.)
	Diff:	@@ -15,2 +15,3 @@ -<gloss>to question</gloss> -<gloss>to query</gloss> +<gloss>to question again</gloss> +<gloss>to repeat a question (esp. a problematic point, or to verify understanding)</gloss> +<gloss>to repeat a query</gloss>

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jmdict 1988060 Active (id: 2297550)

プロバイダ；プロバイダー

1.

[n] {telecommunications} Source lang: eng "provider"
▶ Internet service provider
▶ ISP

History:

4.	A 2024-04-09 11:47:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2024-04-09 11:00:36 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	プロバイダー 1,612,996 プロバイダ 2,393,477
	Comments:	If it needs a field tag at all, I think it's more [telec] than [comp].
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<reb>プロバイダー</reb> +<reb>プロバイダ</reb> @@ -8 +8 @@ -<reb>プロバイダ</reb> +<reb>プロバイダー</reb> @@ -12 +12 @@ -<field>&comp;</field> +<field>&telec;</field>
2.	A 2011-10-26 02:14:13 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 09:02:56 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Move etymology to [lsrc]
	Diff:	@@ -13,1 +13,2 @@ -<gloss>Internet service provider (from provider)</gloss> +<lsource xml:lang="eng">provider</lsource> +<gloss>Internet service provider</gloss>

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jmdict 2064410 Active (id: 1078540)
距跋渉毛
【きょけつしょうげ】

1.

[n]
▶ rope weapon with a sickle on one end and a ring on the other

History:

3.	A 2011-10-25 22:25:03 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Good case.
2.	A* 2011-10-25 11:07:09 Max Schwarzburger <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	1) WWJDIC Kanji lookup: 渉 [音] ショウ 2) Serge Mol "Classical weaponry of Japan: special weapons and tactics of the martial arts" 3) Hatsumi Masaaki "Way of the Ninja - Secret Techniques", 1st ed. 2004, Kodansha Intl. Ltd., Tokyo; pp. 45 & 186
	Comments:	In both books (Ref. 2&3) the kanji for the weapon are transcribed as "Kyoketsu Shōge". Some consider this weapon a variation of the kusarigama, and therefore attribute it as a Chain weapon. Modern (!) replicas using a chain exist. However, traditionally the sickle and the ring were held together by a long rope (supposedly made from the hair of women or horse tails, as indicated by the character 毛) rather than a chain. This is clearly stated in both books (3 also has pics).
	Diff:	@@ -8,1 +8,1 @@ -<reb>きょけつしょげ</reb> +<reb>きょけつしょうげ</reb> @@ -12,1 +12,1 @@ -<gloss>chain weapon with a sickle on one end and a ring on the other</gloss> +<gloss>rope weapon with a sickle on one end and a ring on the other</gloss>
1.	A 2005-10-04 00:00:00
	Comments:	Entry created

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jmdict 2664730 Active (id: 1078560)
イベント会場
【イベントかいじょう】

1.

[n]
▶ event venue
▶ event site

History:

2.	A 2011-10-26 02:14:52 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 04:22:30 Jim Breen
	Refs:	ＫＯＤ追加語彙, Eijiro, Mainichi

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jmdict 2664740 Active (id: 1078580)
拝請
【はいしょう】

1.

[n] [arch]
▶ humbly inviting

History:

2.	A 2011-10-26 02:36:36 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -12,1 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>humbly inviting. To invite a respectable person.</gloss> +<misc>&arch;</misc> +<gloss>humbly inviting</gloss>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 06:04:35 Erez Joskovich <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	日本国語大辞典

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jmdict 2664750 Rejected (id: 1078585)
渦の中で溺れる
【うずのなかでおぼれる】

1.

[exp,v1]
《Esp. 〜の渦の中で溺れる》
▶ to drown in the vortex (esp. of something, e.g. information)

Conjugations

History:

2.	R 2011-10-26 02:48:09 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	Only 62 of those Google hits are "real" and the meaning can be deduced from its parts. I don't think it should be kept.
1.	A* 2011-10-25 08:33:20 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	6,000+ Google hits
	Comments:	Used in “drown in the vortex of information” (due to email etc.) in article I’m reading.

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jmdict 2664760 Active (id: 1078800)
各国間
【かっこくかん】

1.

[exp,adj-no]
▶ among countries
▶ between countries

History:

2.	A 2011-10-31 01:57:16 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 10:15:26 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	170k hits, Eijiro, Mainichi: 各国間で戦後資金分担の対立もあり、景況感も違い、協調などできない時期だ
	Comments:	Not sure it's needed - the meaning can be worked out, although it's the second senses of the components.

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jmdict 2664770 Active (id: 1078573)
党幹部
【とうかんぶ】

1.

[n]
▶ leading members of a party
▶ party executive
▶ party leadership
▶ senior party members

History:

2.	A 2011-10-26 02:32:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 10:22:40 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ＫＯＤ追加語彙, Eijiro
	Comments:	Could be a shorter form of 政党幹部.

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jmdict 2664780 Active (id: 2285591)
ブドウ絞り機；ブドウ絞り器；ブドウ搾り機；ブドウ搾り器；葡萄絞り機 [sK] ；葡萄搾り機 [sK] ；葡萄絞り器 [sK] ；葡萄搾り器 [sK] ；ぶどう絞り器 [sK]
【ぶどうしぼりき】

1.

[n]
▶ winepress

History:

6.	A 2023-12-12 21:34:02 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	The hyphen-less "winepress" appears to be much more common. I don't think "wine-press" is helpful for reverse lookups.
	Diff:	@@ -42 +41,0 @@ -<gloss>wine-press</gloss>
5.	A 2023-12-11 05:56:16 Stephen Kraus <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	〈ぶどう／ブドウ／葡萄〉〈絞（り）／搾（り）／しぼり／シボリ〉〈機／器／き／キ〉 Google N-gram Corpus Counts ╭─ーーーーーーー─┬────┬───────╮ │ ブドウ絞り機　 │ 75 │ 20.4% │ │ ブドウ絞り器　 │ 62 │ 16.8% │ - add │ ブドウ搾り機　 │ 54 │ 14.7% │ │ ブドウ搾り器　 │ 22 │ 6.0% │ │ 葡萄絞り機　　 │ 46 │ 12.5% │ │ 葡萄搾り機　　 │ 31 │ 8.4% │ │ 葡萄絞り器　　 │ 30 │ 8.2% │ │ 葡萄搾り器　　 │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ ぶどう絞り器　 │ 48 │ 13.0% │ - add, sK │ ぶどうしぼりき │ 0 │ 0.0% │ │ ブドウしぼりき │ 0 │ 0.0% │ - drop (using hiragana for 葡萄; not a loanword) ╰─ーーーーーーー─┴────┴───────╯
	Diff:	@@ -7,0 +8,3 @@ +<keb>ブドウ絞り器</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -10,0 +14,3 @@ +<keb>ブドウ搾り器</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -11,0 +18 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -22 +29 @@ -<keb>ブドウ搾り器</keb> +<keb>葡萄搾り器</keb> @@ -26 +33 @@ -<keb>葡萄搾り器</keb> +<keb>ぶどう絞り器</keb> @@ -30 +37 @@ -<reb>ブドウしぼりき</reb> +<reb>ぶどうしぼりき</reb>
4.	A* 2023-12-11 04:34:57 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	ブドウ搾り器 22 8.5% ブドウ搾り機 54 20.9% 葡萄絞り機 46 17.8% 葡萄搾り機 31 12.0% 葡萄絞り器 30 11.6% 葡萄搾り器 0 0.0% ブドウ絞り機 75 29.1%
	Comments:	I suggest having only the four most common combinations visible.
	Diff:	@@ -5 +5 @@ -<keb>ブドウ搾り器</keb> +<keb>ブドウ絞り機</keb> @@ -14,0 +15 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -17,0 +19,5 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>ブドウ搾り器</keb> +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -20,0 +27 @@ +<ke_inf>&sK;</ke_inf> @@ -24,9 +30,0 @@ -<re_restr>ブドウ搾り器</re_restr> -<re_restr>ブドウ搾り機</re_restr> -</r_ele> -<r_ele> -<reb>ぶどうしぼりき</reb> -<re_restr>葡萄絞り機</re_restr> -<re_restr>葡萄搾り機</re_restr> -<re_restr>葡萄絞り器</re_restr> -<re_restr>葡萄搾り器</re_restr>
3.	A 2011-10-26 02:15:35 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	good to have "winepress" for e-j anyway
2.	A* 2011-10-25 22:41:11 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	新英和大辞典
	Comments:	The sum of the parts, but not a problem.
	Diff:	@@ -5,0 +5,6 @@ +<keb>ブドウ搾り器</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>ブドウ搾り機</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> @@ -7,0 +13,14 @@ +<k_ele> +<keb>葡萄搾り機</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>葡萄絞り器</keb> +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>葡萄搾り器</keb> +</k_ele> +<r_ele> +<reb>ブドウしぼりき</reb> +<re_restr>ブドウ搾り器</re_restr> +<re_restr>ブドウ搾り機</re_restr> +</r_ele> @@ -9,0 +29,4 @@ +<re_restr>葡萄絞り機</re_restr> +<re_restr>葡萄搾り機</re_restr> +<re_restr>葡萄絞り器</re_restr> +<re_restr>葡萄搾り器</re_restr> @@ -13,0 +37,1 @@ +<gloss>wine-press</gloss>
(show/hide 1 older log entries)
1.	A* 2011-10-25 18:12:34

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jmdict 2664790 Active (id: 1078565)
絞り器；しぼり器；絞り機；搾り器；搾り機
【しぼりき】

1.

[n]
▶ wringer (clothes)
▶ squeezer (fruit, etc.)
▶ press (grapes, etc.)

History:

3.	A 2011-10-26 02:17:39 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
2.	A* 2011-10-25 22:38:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	リーダーズ+プラス
	Comments:	Another version.
	Diff:	@@ -6,0 +6,3 @@ +</k_ele> +<k_ele> +<keb>しぼり器</keb>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 22:33:50 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5

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jmdict 2664800 Active (id: 1078579)
廃娼
【はいしょう】

1.

[n]
▶ abolition of licensed prostitution

History:

2.	A 2011-10-26 02:35:04 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 22:44:56 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Daijr, GG5, ルミナス

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jmdict 2664810 Active (id: 2303882)
株価指数先物取引
【かぶかしすうさきものとりひき】

1.

[n] {finance}
▶ stock index futures trading

History:

4.	A 2024-06-10 03:55:47 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
3.	A* 2024-06-10 01:31:18 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	gg5
	Comments:	I think one gloss is enough.
	Diff:	@@ -12,3 +12,2 @@ -<gloss>stock price index futures trading</gloss> -<gloss>stock-index futures trading</gloss> -<gloss>trading of stock index futures</gloss> +<field>&finc;</field> +<gloss>stock index futures trading</gloss>
2.	A 2011-10-26 02:39:51 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 23:29:08 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	Eijiro, Daijr, GG5, etc.

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jmdict 2664820 Active (id: 1078581)
方針を固める
【ほうしんをかためる】

1.

[exp,v1]
▶ to agree on the principle
▶ to firmly establish a policy

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2011-10-26 02:36:58 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 23:49:34 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5 (方針 entry), Eijiro, Mainichi: 簡保事業団を経由せず、郵政省が直接、指定単運用をできるようにする制度変更が妥当との方針を固めた。

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jmdict 2664830 Active (id: 1078569)
不思議がる
【ふしぎがる】

1.

[v5r,vi]
▶ to be curious
▶ to wonder
▶ to marvel

Conjugations

History:

2.	A 2011-10-26 02:28:37 Rene Malenfant <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	nikk
	Diff:	@@ -12,0 +12,1 @@ +<pos>&vi;</pos>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 23:54:52 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	GG5, Eijiro, リーダーズ+プラス

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8.	A 2018-11-13 21:59:20 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
7.	A* 2018-11-11 21:40:17 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Refs:	daij, koj
	Comments:	This is the only sense in the kokugos. I don't think sense 2 is an abbreviation.
	Diff:	@@ -14,0 +15,4 @@ +<pos>&n;</pos> +<gloss>one breath</gloss> +</sense> +<sense> @@ -16,2 +19,0 @@ -<xref type="see" seq="1161740">一気に飲む</xref> -<misc>&abbr;</misc>
6.	A 2018-05-23 14:52:08 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -18 +18 @@ -<s_inf>shouted repeatedly as a party cheer</s_inf> +<s_inf>chanted repeatedly as a party cheer</s_inf>
5.	A 2018-05-23 07:34:36 Marcus Richert <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -17,0 +18 @@ +<s_inf>shouted repeatedly as a party cheer</s_inf> @@ -19 +20 @@ -<gloss>drink! (said repeatedly as a party cheer)</gloss> +<gloss>drink!</gloss>
4.	A 2017-04-26 23:30:32 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
(show/hide 3 older log entries)
3.	A* 2017-04-26 18:39:09 Robin Scott <...address hidden...>
	Diff:	@@ -15 +15 @@ -<pos>&n;</pos> +<pos>∫</pos>
2.	A 2011-10-25 09:19:16 Jim Breen <...address hidden...>
1.	A* 2011-10-25 08:52:05 Nils Roland Barth <...address hidden...>
	Comments:	* Add “chug!” as idiomatic gloss. * Link to full (verb) form
	Diff:	@@ -16,0 +16,1 @@ +<xref type="see" seq="1161740">一気に飲む</xref> @@ -17,0 +18,1 @@ +<gloss>chug!</gloss>

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JMdictDB is an open-source Postgresql database and Python API for managing Japanese dictionary data developed by Stuart McGraw. More information at http://edrdg.org/~smg/. Please report software problems at https://gitlab.com/yamagoya/jmdictdb/issues or email to jmdictdb@mtneva.com.

1.	[n] ▶ one breath
2.	[int] 《chanted repeatedly as a party cheer》 ▶ chug! ▶ drink!

JMdictDB - Japanese Dictionary Database

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